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171:
132:
72:
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103:
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2200:
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83:
2400:
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123:
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92:
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112:
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1840:-like forms. People of the villages at the heart of the Cappadocia region carved out houses, churches and monasteries from the soft rocks of volcanic deposits. Göreme became a Christian monastic centre in 300–1200 AD. The Yusuf Koç, Ortahane, Durmus Kadir and Bezirhane churches in Göreme, and houses and churches carved into rocks in the Uzundere, Bağıldere and Zemi Valleys, all evidence Cappadocia as a centre of early Christian learning and are thus a place of pilgrimage. The
1303:
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1050:(IUGS) included 'The Miocene Cappadocian ignimbrites sequence' in its assemblage of 100 'geological heritage sites' around the world in a listing published in October 2022. The organisation defines an IUGS Geological Heritage Site as 'a key place with geological elements and/or processes of international scientific relevance, used as a reference, and/or with a substantial contribution to the development of geological sciences through history.'
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Nevşehir and 6 cm from Ürgüp, attracts travellers' attention. St Paul considered Göreme to be more suitable for the training of missionaries. There are about 400 churches in the vicinity of Göreme which was one of the most important centres of
Christianity between the 6th and the 9th C, including churches found in and around Zelve, Mustafapaşa, Avcılar, Uçhisar, Ortahisar and Çavuşin.
1968:
1446:. By 386, the region to the east of Caesarea had become part of Armenia Secunda, while the northeast had become part of Armenia Prima. Cappadocia largely consisted of major estates, owned by the Roman emperors or wealthy local families. The Cappadocian provinces became more important in the latter part of the 4th century, as the Romans were involved with the
1423:
to the
Scripture, dealt food to the hungry and satisfied the poor with bread He gathered together the victims of the famine and obtaining contributions of all sorts of food which can relieve famine, set before them basins of soup and such meat as was found preserved among us, on which the poor live Such was our young furnisher of corn, and second
1422:
The city was in distress and there was no source of assistance The hardest part of all such distress is the insensibility and insatiability of those who possess supplies Such are the buyers and sellers of corn by his word and advice open the stores of those who possessed them, and so, according
2597:
History, nature and mankind have created many important wonders in
Cappadocia: 1- The unique natural landscape, include fairy chimneys, rock formations and valleys. 2- The rock-hewn churches decorated with frescoes from the 6th-12th C of scenes from the Bible, especially the lives of Jesus, Mother
2662:
However, the longest working and living period was the century when underground cities in
Cappadocia were dug by Christians who could not bear Arabic and Sassanid threat after Capadocia was conquered … It is clearly visible in some underground cities in Cappadocia that the rooms located near the
3178:
The
Christians taking shelter in the valleys of Göreme because of Arab raids, named this place 'gor emi' meaning 'you cannot see this place'. The name was changed to Korama and then to Göreme. With its very interesting fairy chimneys and the rock-cut churches, the valley of Avcılar, 17 km from
1551:
They were assigned the
Sebaste (now Siwas) district of Cappadocia. Their number grew to such an extent that they became valuable auxiliaries to the imperial armies. They were employed to garrison the fortresses reconquered from the Arabs (probably Membedj, Dolouk, etc.). They formed excellent
913:. As after the fall of the Persian government the two provinces continued to be separate, the distinction was perpetuated, and the name Cappadocia came to be restricted to the inland province (sometimes called Great Cappadocia), which alone will be the focus of this article.
1971:
1970:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1439:"ungrudgingly spent upon the poor his patrimony even before he was a priest, and most of all in the time of the famine, during which was a ruler of the Church, though still a priest in the rank of presbyters; and afterwards did not hoard even what remained to him".
1975:
1603:. The underground cities have vast defence networks of traps throughout their many levels. These traps are very creative, including such devices as large round stones to block doors and holes in the ceiling through which the defenders may drop spears.
1338:
of
Cappadocia, thus creating a buffer zone against the encroaching Romans. It was not until Rome had deposed the Pontic and Armenian kings that the rule of Ariobarzanes was established (63 BC). In the civil wars Cappadocia was first for
1638:. With the rise of Turkish power in Anatolia, Cappadocia slowly became a tributary to the Turkish states that were established to the east and to the west; some of the native population converted to Islam with the rest forming the remaining
1973:
1957:, but detailed epidemiological investigation demonstrated that the substance causes the disease mostly in families with a genetic predisposition to mineral fiber carcinogenesis. The studies are being extended to other parts of the region.
1215:. Strabo furthermore relates, were "noteworthy enclosures; and in their midst there is an altar, on which there is a large quantity of ashes and where the magi keep the fire ever burning." According to Strabo, who wrote during the time of
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4211:
1180:, previously satrap of the region, declared himself king of the Cappadocians. As Ariarathes I (332–322 BC), he was a successful ruler, and he extended the borders of the Cappadocian Kingdom as far as to the
1003:
to the northwest. Due to its inland location and high altitude, Cappadocia has a markedly continental climate, with hot dry summers and cold snowy winters. Rainfall is sparse and the region is largely semi-arid.
2160:
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services were gratuitous and his succour of the famine gained no profit, having only one object, to win kindly feelings by kindly treatment, and to gain by his rations of corn the heavenly blessings.
2075:. Between September 9 and September 13, 2016, for the first time, the Turkish Presidential Bike Tour took place in Cappadocia where more than 300 cyclists from around the globe participated.
2199:
1442:
In 371, the western part of the
Cappadocia province was divided into Cappadocia Prima, with its capital at Caesarea (modern-day Kayseri); and Cappadocia Secunda, with its capital at
1972:
1023:
later called Tokhma Su. But as no one of these rivers was navigable or served to fertilize the lands along its course, none has much importance in the history of the province.
3377:
4255:
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1685:), to serve as regional capital, a role the city continues to assume to this day. In the meantime many former Cappadocians had shifted to a Turkish dialect (written in
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1143:
aristocracy, dwelling in strong castles and keeping the peasants in a servile condition, which later made them apt to foreign slavery. It was included in the third
5388:
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1398:
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1699:
was maintained (Sille, villages near
Kayseri, Pharasa town and other nearby villages), it became heavily influenced by the surrounding Turkish. This dialect of
843:. The Cappadocians were named as one group (among "Parthians, Medes and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia") hearing the
4631:
4196:
3557:
2737:, vol. 5 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1980), p. 399, and L. Summerer, "Amisos – eine Griechische Polis im Land der Leukosyrer", in: M. Faudot et al. (eds.),
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entrance are profoundly different from those that are inside. Saratli and Özlüce underground cities are given as an example regarding these differences.
4626:
2399:
1184:. The kingdom of Cappadocia lived in peace until the death of Alexander. The previous empire was then divided into many parts, and Cappadocia fell to
1046:
In respect of the 'voluminous eruption deposits in a fluvio-lacustrine sequence with 'fairy-chimney' development produced by uplift and erosion', the
5766:
1211:, observing them in the first century BC, records (XV.3.15) that these "fire kindlers" possessed many "holy places of the Persian Gods", as well as
867:
states "Now there were staying in
Jerusalem God-fearing Jews from every nation under heaven," seeming to suggest that some of the Cappadocians were
4248:
4221:
3532:
Ene D-Vasilescu, Elena, "Shrines and Schools in Byzantine Cappadocia", Journal of Early Christian History, volume 9, Issue 1, 2019, pp. 1–29
1196:, the adopted son of Ariarathes I, recovered his inheritance and left it to a line of successors, who mostly bore the name of the founder of the
1272:, and their forces were annihilated (130 BC). The imbroglio which followed his death ultimately led to interference by the rising power of
979:, in the heartland of what is now Turkey. The relief consists of a high plateau over 1000 m in altitude that is pierced by volcanic peaks, with
1359:
was given the throne, by favour first of Antony and then of Octavian, and maintained tributary independence until AD 17, when the emperor
1489:
era it remained relatively undisturbed by the conflicts in the area with the Sassanid Empire, but was a vital frontier zone later against the
991:. The boundaries of historical Cappadocia are vague, particularly towards the west. To the south, the Taurus Mountains form the boundary with
5626:
1710:
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2249:
5381:
4177:
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2071:, is held annually in July. The race tours 244 km (152 mi) in six days through several places across Cappadocia reaching out to
1154:
but continued to be governed by rulers of its own, none apparently supreme over the whole country and all more or less tributaries of the
939:, the capital of the whole country, was situated. The only two cities of Cappadocia considered by Strabo to deserve that appellation were
4241:
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4134:
1576:
was eventually formed. This immigration was increased further after the decline of the local imperial power and the establishment of the
4143:
3460:
3385:
3248:
Carbone, Michelle; et al. (2007). "A mesothelioma epidemic in Cappadocia: scientific developments and unexpected social outcomes".
4223:
4209:
4208:
4185:
4184:
3550:
2187:
1047:
5756:
4217:
4180:
4152:
4139:
2767:, or that it is otherwise of Hittite or Luwian origin (by Tischler and Del Monte, mentioned in Schmitt (1980)). According to A. Room,
188:
4158:
1374:
to Cappadocia, and made the combined province a frontier bulwark. It remained, under various provincial redistributions, part of the
1319:
131:
4205:
4182:
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2336:
1744:
The area is a popular tourist destination, as it has many areas with unique geological, historic, cultural, and religious features.
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4163:
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2320:
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1261:
1226:), almost three hundred years after the fall of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, there remained only traces of Persians in western
901:, or governments, with one comprising the central and inland portion, to which the name of Cappadocia continued to be applied by
4220:
4219:
4215:
4164:
4150:
4145:
4137:
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The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century
2747:, vol. 10 (Stuttgart: Alfred Druckenmüller, 1919), col. 1911), the name derives from Old Persian and means either "land of the
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epochs, underlie the Cappadocia region. The rocks of Cappadocia near Göreme eroded into hundreds of spectacular pillars and
4319:
established after 584. After massive territorial losses in the 7th century, the remaining provinces were superseded by the
4167:
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1650:-based Seljuks in the second half of the 13th century, they were gradually replaced by successive Turkic ruled states: the
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1709:. Following the foundation of Turkey in 1922, those who still identified with this pre-Islamic culture of Cappadocia were
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2311:
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1852:) and is one of the most famous sites in central Turkey. The complex contains more than 30 carved-from-rock churches and
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Persian colonists in the Cappadocian kingdom, cut off from their co-religionists in Iran proper, continued to practice
17:
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infantry for the armies of Basileus in all wars, constantly fighting with courage and success alongside the Romans.
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2010:
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1992:
856:
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Facade of an ancient church called Açik Saray, literally meaning "Open Palace", carved into the valley walls in
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1323:
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1737:
1078:
902:
868:
614:
4195:
1713:, so this language is now only spoken by a handful of their descendants, most now located in modern Greece.
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4213:
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1063:
490:
The name, traditionally used in Christian sources throughout history, continues in use as an international
35:
4174:
4148:
1596:
1454:
and "Armenia beyond the Euphrates". Cappadocia, now well into the Roman era, still retained a significant
71:
5751:
4641:
4193:
4190:
2956:
Evelpidou, Niki; Figueiredo, Tomás; Mauro, Francesco; Tecim, Vahap; Vassilopoulos, Andreas (2010-01-19).
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1234:
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237:
31:
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The coinage of Cappadocian kings was quite extensive and produced by highest standards of the time. See
2293:
1892:
1666:. Cappadocia remained part of the Ottoman Empire until 1922, when it became part of the modern state of
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3504:
2598:
Mary and saints. 3- The undergound settlements many consider to by the 8th wonder of the ancient world.
2443:
1941:
In 1975, a study of three small villages in central Cappadocia—Tuzköy, Karain and Sarıhıdır—found that
1884:
1501:
1254:
1177:
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254:
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840:
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4147:
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1888:
1600:
819:
625:
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279:
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691:) dates from the late sixth century BC, when it appears in the trilingual inscriptions of two early
5700:
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5163:
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2102:
1990:
The area was featured in several films due to its topography. The 1983 Italian/French/Turkish film
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1307:
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314:
102:
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2741:(2005), 129–66 According to an older theory (W. Ruge, "Kappadokia", in A.F. Pauly – G. Wissowa,
2499:
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1356:
1242:
999:. To the west, Cappadocia is bounded by the historical regions of Lycaonia to the southwest, and
413:
56:
5488:
4187:
5188:
4515:
4171:
4160:
2021:
2004:
1775:
1490:
605:
433:
5596:
4178:
3121:
1876:
144:
5203:
4972:
4785:
4711:
4304:
4206:
4194:
3881:
3250:
2327:
1331:
1167:
3407:"VİDEO | Bisiklet festivali başladı - TRT Spor - Türkiye'nin güncel spor haber kaynağı"
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1845:
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812:
503:
5341:
4858:
4510:
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3447:
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had established their sole dominance over the region. With the decline and the fall of the
1474:
1415:
1386:
1059:
642:
225:
5746:
1806:
1290:
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concept to define a region of exceptional natural wonders, in particular characterized by
421:
8:
5741:
5347:
5302:
5120:
5110:
4772:
4601:
4548:
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4316:
4122:
3911:
3802:
2494:
2213:
2033:
1620:
1557:
1470:
1173:
5537:
1363:, whom he had angered, summoned him to Rome and reduced Cappadocia to a Roman province.
1192:, who crucified Ariarathes; but in the dissensions which brought about Eumenes's death,
5198:
5173:
5080:
5055:
4944:
4828:
4678:
4490:
4287:
4201:
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3185:
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2372:
1639:
1509:
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1327:
1246:
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808:
499:
5473:
3501:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 3 (1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian periods
507:
82:
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2772:
2545:
2405:
2038:
1705:
1691:
1667:
1643:
1436:
1407:
1406:
In 314, Cappadocia was the largest province of the Roman Empire, and was part of the
996:
692:
672:
491:
897:
Under the later kings of the Persian Empire, the Cappadocians were divided into two
441:
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5261:
5256:
5213:
5168:
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4810:
4800:
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4263:
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3259:
3214:
2760:
2409:
1592:
1432:
1424:
1375:
1127:. After the fall of the Hittite Empire, with the decline of the Syro-Cappadocians (
952:
785:
730:
696:
655:
597:
537:
495:
464:
429:
425:
397:
337:
2132:
2031:
Cappadocia's winter landscapes and broad panoramas are prominent in the 2014 film
1844:
is the most visited site of the Christian monastic communities in Cappadocia (see
5659:
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5241:
5231:
5138:
5090:
5045:
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4886:
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4533:
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3702:
3683:
3305:
3146:
2905:
2580:
2002:
were filmed in Cappadocia. The region was used for the 1989 science fiction film
1914:
1725:
1588:, the land of the Armenians, due to the large number of Armenians settled there.
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1540:
1455:
1447:
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1250:
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719:
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232:
122:
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The Hungry are Dying: Beggars and Bishops in Roman Cappadocia by Susan R. Holman
737:. Therefore, the recent modification of this proposal operates with the Hittite
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and parts of Greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century.
3871:
3668:
3535:
3443:
2504:
1696:
1686:
1663:
1631:
1624:
1581:
1498:
1494:
1463:
1371:
1238:
1204:
1144:
1112:
767:
437:
405:
1402:
Frescoes in Saint John's Church, in Gülşehir, dated by an inscription to 1212.
502:
learning, evidenced by hundreds of churches and monasteries (such as those of
91:
5730:
5647:
5405:
5133:
5085:
5050:
5040:
4949:
4649:
4452:
4447:
4399:
4379:
4308:
4292:
3936:
3834:
3455:
3438:
3271:
3226:
3218:
2240:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2042:
1802:
1391:
1344:
1249:. The kings henceforward threw in their lot with the Republic as against the
980:
527:
452:
203:
190:
156:
152:
3464:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 286–288.
1560:
invasion of Armenia, the Armenians spread into Cappadocia and eastward from
649:
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5331:
5148:
5143:
5095:
4881:
4848:
4843:
4668:
4442:
4320:
3279:
2688:
Coindoz M. Archeologia / Préhistoire et archéologie, n°241, 1988, pp. 48–59
2424:
1998:
1942:
1678:
1515:
1335:
1302:
1012:
1008:
803:
463:). Cappadocia, in this sense, was bounded in the south by the chain of the
456:
3499:
Raditsa, Leo (1983). "Iranians in Asia Minor". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.).
2428:
2256:
1922:
1904:
752:'Land of good horses' can hardly be reconciled with the phonetic shape of
510:), as well as underground cities that were dug to offer protection during
5413:
5354:
5226:
5193:
5105:
5060:
4934:
4876:
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3906:
3818:
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1883:
Kadıkalesi (Temenni Tepe). Among the most visited underground cities are
1611:
1569:
1451:
1348:
1265:
1212:
796:: "and the Mosocheni were founded by Mosoch; now they are Cappadocians".
741:, literally "place below" as a starting point for the development of the
704:
111:
2854:
1748:
1674:
1098:
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3354:"Winter Sleep: Can a Three-Hour-Plus Prize-Winner Be Just Pretty Good?"
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2008:
to depict a cult of wind worshippers. In 2010 and early 2011, the film
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1908:
1895:. The best historic mansions and cave houses for tourist stays are in
1872:
1810:
1276:
and the intrigues and wars which ended in the failure of the dynasty.
1230:; however, he considered Cappadocia "almost a living part of Persia".
1015:
rivers with their higher affluents, and also the middle course of the
968:
148:
5427:
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4500:
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2771:(London: MacFarland and Company, 1997), the name is a combination of
2342:
2175:
2025:
1599:), many of which were dug by Christians to provide protection during
1486:
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1258:
1189:
1181:
1020:
852:
772:
759:
472:
460:
448:
303:
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Mitchell, Stephen (2018). "Cappadocia". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.).
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Natural Heritage from East to West: Case studies from 6 EU countries
2755:" or "land of the beautiful horses". It has also been proposed that
2206:
2093:
1981:
1930:
1900:
1794:
1527:
Cappadocia shared an always-changing relationship with neighbouring
871:, or part of the diaspora of Jews present in Jerusalem at the time.
455:(499 BC), the Cappadocians were reported as occupying a region from
275:
246:
5546:
5432:
5353: Affected (i.e. boundaries modified, abolished or renamed) by
5100:
5070:
4992:
4701:
4616:
4324:
4035:
3995:
3979:
3876:
3717:
3643:
3620:
3615:
3605:
2716:
2540:
2510:
2357:
2072:
2017:
1954:
1946:
1833:
1824:
deposits that erupted from ancient volcanoes approximately nine to
1783:
1635:
1360:
1352:
1269:
1216:
1176:
tried to rule the area through one of his military commanders. But
1120:
1089:
976:
910:
777:
762:
wrote that the name of the Cappadocians was applied to them by the
742:
700:
522:
480:
176:
3437:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2391:
2166:
The 'Three beauties' fairy chimneys, thought to be named after to
1760:
1673:
A fundamental change occurred in between when a new urban center,
1355:. The Ariobarzanes dynasty came to an end, a Cappadocian nobleman
5574:
5483:
5450:
5418:
5297:
5153:
5012:
4954:
4717:
Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy)
4611:
4606:
4596:
4070:
4065:
4030:
4020:
4010:
3901:
3896:
3840:
3822:
3767:
3762:
3731:
3707:
3688:
3663:
3658:
3648:
3632:
3600:
3116:
The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance
3026:
2861:
2520:
2484:
1950:
1945:
was causing 50% of all deaths. Initially, this was attributed to
1837:
1829:
1771:
1767:
1756:
1752:
1732:
1651:
1561:
1528:
1185:
1136:
1124:
1035:
1000:
992:
984:
963:
932:
898:
887:
879:
875:
848:
793:
789:
484:
468:
3830:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
1504:. In the 9th–11th centuries, the region comprised the themes of
756:. Several other etymologies have also been offered in the past.
5578:
5307:
3990:
3845:
3826:
3814:
3797:
3777:
3747:
3722:
3590:
3585:
2525:
2458:
2210:
2171:
2138:
2028:, being their only album whose cover isn't computer-generated.
1860:
inside, dating from the ninth century to the eleventh century.
1857:
1853:
1814:
1779:
1411:
1340:
1208:
1147:
1140:
1128:
944:
917:
891:
883:
844:
781:
763:
417:
409:
264:
220:
4132:
2735:
Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie
2721:
Extraction and Control: Studies in Honor of Matthew W. Stolper
1700:
1466:
descent and Iranian fire worship is attested as late as 465".
636:
5676:
5533:
5515:
5002:
4997:
4977:
4080:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4025:
4005:
3806:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3752:
3712:
3678:
3673:
3624:
3205:
Dogan, Umran (2003). "Mesothelioma in Cappadocian villages".
3038:
2955:
2873:
2789:
1647:
1627:
1565:
1544:
1443:
1295:
1132:
948:
860:
498:, in addition to its religious heritage of being a centre of
2904:
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002, p.14.
2902:
Kingdom of Snow: Roman rule and Greek culture in Cappadocia.
2573:
Kingdom of Snow: Roman rule and Greek culture in Cappadocia.
1980:
A video showing all the different landscapes and terrain of
1789:
The most important towns and destinations in Cappadocia are
1330:
entered Cappadocia, dethroned king Ariobarzanes and crowned
5556:
3726:
2167:
2024:, features a photo of this region's fairy mountains as the
1532:
1493:. From the 7th century, Cappadocia was divided between the
797:
619:
588:
585:
579:
564:
558:
549:
388:
385:
379:
364:
358:
349:
4311:. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of
3120:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p.
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3053:
1917:
is very popular in Cappadocia and is available in Göreme.
909:. This division had already come about before the time of
561:
361:
5510:
1655:
1414:
in 368 described as "the most severe ever remembered" by
1188:. His claims were made good in 322 BC by the regent
1139:
in the 6th century BC, Cappadocia was ruled by a sort of
543:
343:
3098:
Un empereur byzantin au dixième siècle, Nicéphore Phocas
2703:
Acts of the VIIIth International Congress of Hittitology
1556:
As a result of the Byzantine military campaigns and the
1381:
710:). In these lists of countries, the Old Persian name is
3050:
916:
The kingdom of Cappadocia still existed in the time of
3002:
2744:
Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
686:
4747:
1253:, to whom they had been from time to time tributary.
666:
582:
567:
540:
382:
367:
340:
2810:"The resurrection of Cappadocian (Asia Minor Greek)"
576:
555:
546:
376:
355:
346:
2988:
Zoroastrians: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices
780:. One of the Cappadocian tribes he mentions is the
573:
552:
373:
352:
5396:
4341:
3977:
3328:"Autechre — Amber. Short story behind the artwork"
2981:
2979:
2739:Pont-Euxin et polis. Actes du Xe Symposium de Vani
1820:Sedimentary rocks formed in lakes and streams and
1766:The region is located southwest of the major city
1642:population. By the end of the early 12th century,
1473:of the 4th century were integral to much of early
3378:"Elite Athletes to run at The Runfire Cappadocia"
1921:is practised in Ihlara Valley, Monastery Valley (
1615:Cappadocia is famous for traditional cave hotels.
5728:
3565:
3151:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
3138:
1477:. It also produced, among other people, another
1322:, to succeed (93 BC); but in the same year
1041:
2976:
2565:
1279:
1019:, and the whole course of the tributary of the
534:The earliest record of the name of Cappadocia (
3442:
3044:
3032:
2917:"The First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites"
2888:
2867:
2795:
2193:Pigeon Valley, formerly known as Vasil Potamus
5627:Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia
5382:
5334:by the Eastern Empire in 534 as the separate
4249:
4107:
3963:
3551:
3078:
3076:
1677:, was founded in the early 18th century by a
776:), who were most probably descendants of the
725:Subsequent research suggests that the adverb
27:Historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey
3302:"Cappadocia « the Spirits of Vengeance"
3091:
2924:IUGS International Commission on Geoheritage
2243:(3916 m), the highest mountain in Cappadocia
1390:Ceiling fresco in Daniel Pantonassa Church,
1314:The Cappadocians, supported by Rome against
935:was the name given to the district in which
5357:'s administrative reorganization in 534–536
2628:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. pp. 11–15, 70.
1747:Touristic Cappadocia includes four cities:
1531:, by that time a region of the Empire. The
1485:, who held office 517–520. For most of the
874:The region is also mentioned in the Jewish
5389:
5375:
4256:
4242:
4114:
4100:
3970:
3956:
3558:
3544:
3073:
3022:Asia Minor Coins – regal Cappadocian coins
2715:Yakubovich, Ilya (2014). Kozuh, M. (ed.).
2714:
2705:, A. Süel (ed.), Ankara 2008, pp. 299–319.
2014:was also filmed in the Cappadocia region.
1462:: "Many inhabitants of Cappadocia were of
1048:International Union of Geological Sciences
263:
175:Cappadocia among the classical regions of
4291:. Provincial administration reformed and
3525:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. IV, Fasc. 7–8
3382:Istanbul Convention & Visitors Bureau
1871:The three main castles in Cappadocia are
1458:character; Stephen Mitchell notes in the
5767:First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites
5762:Tourist attractions in Nevşehir Province
4265:Late Roman and early Byzantine provinces
3522:Weiskopf, Michael (1990). "Cappadocia".
3521:
3475:
3325:
3111:
3101:. Paris: Firmin-Didot. pp. 250–251.
3067:
2701:'down' and *ānni 'with, for, against'",
2697:Petra Goedegebuure, "The Luwian Adverbs
2617:
1966:
1862:
1731:
1720:
1610:
1514:
1397:
1385:
1301:
1289:
1241:, first as a foe espousing the cause of
1161:
1007:Cappadocia contained the sources of the
987:(ancient Caesarea) being the tallest at
962:
958:
818:
802:
521:
4121:
3498:
3478:The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
3247:
3144:
3008:
2651:
2649:
1564:into the mountainous areas of northern
1262:Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus
14:
5729:
5552:Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex
2723:. Chicago: Oriental Institute: 347–52.
1431:This is similar to another account by
1237:, Cappadocia came into relations with
5370:
5287:
5286:
4746:
4340:
4276:
4237:
4095:
3951:
3539:
3204:
3171:
2825:
2823:
2807:
2655:
2623:
2590:
2536:List of traditional Greek place names
1606:
1382:Early Christian and Byzantine periods
729:meaning 'down, below' is exclusively
5683:
3326:Palladev, George (9 February 2018).
3176:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. p. 19.
2660:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. p. 70.
2646:
2595:. 16: Azim Matbaacılık. p. 15.
931:) as a nominally independent state.
882:13:11, and in several places in the
851:in their own language on the day of
748:The earlier derivation from Iranian
629:
420:. It is largely in the provinces of
3351:
2037:(Turkish: Kış Uykusu), directed by
1953:mineral with similar properties to
1584:. To the crusaders, Cappadocia was
1460:Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity
24:
2820:
2782:) and a chief or ancestor's name,
2531:List of colossal sculpture in situ
2259:Monastery Valley and Church Mosque
2209:and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia (
1681:who was a native of the locality (
1104:Location of Achaemenid Cappadocia.
811:on the ceiling of Karanlık Kilise
25:
5778:
5672:
5479:Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital
2733:See R. Schmitt, "Kappadoker", in
1716:
1172:After ending the Persian Empire,
1038:age are present within the area.
995:and separate Cappadocia from the
733:, while its Luwian equivalent is
295:Cultural: i, iii, v; Natural: vii
5709:
5692:
5654:
5653:
5641:
4697:Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana)
4323:in c. 640–660, although in
3930:
3430:
2577:University of Pennsylvania Press
2500:Cappadocia under the Achaemenids
2465:
2450:
2435:
2417:
2398:
2380:
2365:
2350:
2335:
2319:
2304:
2292:
2276:
2264:
2248:
2233:
2221:
2198:
2186:
2159:
2145:
2131:
2116:
2101:
2085:
2069:Runfire Cappadocia Ultramarathon
2011:Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance
1097:
1077:
827:on the cross at Karanlık Kilise
766:, while they were termed by the
536:
336:
249:and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia
169:
130:
121:
110:
101:
90:
81:
70:
4307:established after the death of
3399:
3370:
3345:
3319:
3294:
3241:
3198:
3165:
3085:
3014:
2949:
2938:
2909:
2894:
2847:
2801:
2717:"From Lower Land to Cappadocia"
2153:Göreme Historical National Park
1993:Yor, the Hunter from the Future
1936:
1221:
1150:in the division established by
951:, not far from the foot of the
459:to the vicinity of the Euxine (
5757:Geography of Nevşehir Province
5737:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
5398:World Heritage Sites in Turkey
4655:Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium
4579:Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy
3112:MacEvitt, Christopher (2008).
2727:
2708:
2691:
2682:
2584:
2559:
2228:Balloons taking off at sunrise
1683:Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha
1268:, a claimant to the throne of
1224: 27 BC – AD 14
1119:, and was the homeland of the
408:: Καππαδοκία) is a historical
13:
1:
4722:Tripolitania (Roman province)
4300:
3174:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2759:is a Persianized form of the
2658:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2626:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2593:Cappadocia: Cradle of History
2552:
2271:Cappadocia traditional houses
1850:Churches of the Ihlara Valley
1042:IUGS geological heritage site
921:
905:, while the other was called
839:account given in the book of
163:, Aerial view over Cappadocia
3567:Ancient kingdoms of Anatolia
3207:Indoor and Built Environment
2945:Map of the Achaemenid Empire
2299:Horses roaming in Cappadocia
1630:under the leadership of the
1591:Cappadocia contains several
1539:asserts the following about
1280:Roman and Byzantine province
1131:) after their defeat by the
1064:List of rulers of Cappadocia
667:
650:
637:
620:
517:
36:Cappadocian (disambiguation)
7:
5330: Re-established after
4642:Diocese of Annonarian Italy
4277:
3384:. July 2013. Archived from
3213:(6). Ankara: Sage: 367–75.
2490:Ancient regions of Anatolia
2477:
2408:, meaning "Bell Church" in
1828:years ago, during the late
1574:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
1547:, during the 10th century:
1479:Patriarch of Constantinople
1286:Cappadocia (Roman province)
1084:Cappadocian soldier of the
975:Cappadocia lies in eastern
703:, as one of the countries (
687:
471:, to the east by the upper
32:Cappadocia (disambiguation)
10:
5783:
3505:Cambridge University Press
3469:
3093:Schlumberger, Gustave Léon
3045:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
3033:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2889:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2868:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2796:Bunbury & Hogarth 1911
2427:, meaning "Red Church" in
2078:
2067:of desert concept, called
1283:
1245:, then as an ally against
1165:
1057:
1053:
1026:
835:Cappadocia appears in the
659:
646:
609:
284:Derinkuyu underground city
256:UNESCO World Heritage Site
29:
5635:
5619:
5587:
5565:
5524:
5501:
5464:
5441:
5404:
5320:
5303:Quaestura exercitus (536)
5293:
5282:
5212:
5119:
5031:
4963:
4920:
4909:
4857:
4819:
4771:
4760:
4756:
4742:
4687:
4640:
4577:
4566:
4524:
4476:
4428:
4365:
4354:
4350:
4336:
4283:
4272:
4129:
3986:
3925:
3854:
3740:
3573:
2205:Aktepe "White Hill" near
2052:
1728:is popular in Cappadocia.
1597:Kaymaklı Underground City
1523:, "Church of the Buckle".
1318:, elected a native lord,
788:with the biblical figure
722:, meaning "Low Country".
676:
321:
309:
299:
289:
280:Kaymakli Underground City
271:
262:
253:
231:
219:
184:
168:
64:
53:
46:
5179:Palaestina III Salutaris
4375:Alpes Poeninae et Graiae
3219:10.1177/1420326X03039065
3190:: CS1 maint: location (
3145:Vryonis, Speros (1971).
2674:: CS1 maint: location (
2638:: CS1 maint: location (
2609:: CS1 maint: location (
2314:in Monks Valley, Paşabağ
2092:Aerial view of the town
1960:
1316:Mithridates VI of Pontus
1308:Orophernes of Cappadocia
1111:Cappadocia was known as
5346: Placed under the
4707:Mauretania Caesariensis
4526:Diocese of the Britains
3482:Oxford University Press
3461:Encyclopædia Britannica
3444:Bunbury, Edward Herbert
2991:Psychology Press, 2001
2769:Placenames of the World
2457:Architectural style of
2375:in traditional clothing
1257:marched with the Roman
983:(ancient Argaeus) near
714:. It was proposed that
57:Central Anatolia Region
5189:Phoenice II Libanensis
4892:Macedonia II Salutaris
4305:praetorian prefectures
4267:(4th–7th centuries AD)
3978:Historical regions of
1985:
1868:
1842:Göreme Open Air Museum
1741:
1729:
1616:
1601:periods of persecution
1554:
1524:
1429:
1410:. The region suffered
1403:
1395:
1311:
1299:
972:
832:
816:
601:
531:
512:periods of persecution
467:that separate it from
401:
161:Göreme Open Air Museum
5589:Southeastern Anatolia
4911:Praetorian prefecture
4786:Noricum mediterraneum
4762:Praetorian prefecture
4712:Mauretania Sitifensis
4607:Picenum Suburbicarium
4568:Praetorian prefecture
4356:Praetorian prefecture
4303: 293. Permanent
3448:Hogarth, David George
3251:Nature Reviews Cancer
2312:rock-cut architecture
1979:
1866:
1856:, some having superb
1735:
1724:
1614:
1549:
1518:
1420:
1401:
1389:
1305:
1293:
1168:Kingdom of Cappadocia
1162:Kingdom of Cappadocia
1071:Achaemenid Cappadocia
966:
959:Geography and climate
943:(originally known as
822:
806:
525:
479:, and to the west by
451:, in the time of the
204:38.65833°N 34.85361°E
5489:Göreme National Park
5342:Diocese of Illyricum
5336:Prefecture of Africa
5091:Galatia II Salutaris
4859:Diocese of Macedonia
4749:Eastern Roman Empire
4511:Mauretania Tingitana
4343:Western Roman Empire
3172:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2808:Janse, Mark (2009).
2656:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2624:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2591:Demir, Ömer (1997).
2283:Decorated tree with
2047:Cannes Film Festival
1475:Christian philosophy
1416:Gregory of Nazianzus
1060:Cappadocia (satrapy)
276:Göreme National Park
247:Göreme National Park
30:For other uses, see
5597:Diyarbakır Fortress
5348:Quaestura exercitus
5121:Diocese of the East
5111:Pontus Polemoniacus
4773:Diocese of Pannonia
4602:Lucania et Bruttium
4549:Maxima Caesariensis
4544:Flavia Caesariensis
4123:History of Anatolia
3035:, pp. 287–288.
2870:, pp. 286–287.
2495:Cappadocian Fathers
2214:World Heritage Site
1736:An early Christian
1621:Battle of Manzikert
1471:Cappadocian Fathers
1243:Antiochus the Great
1174:Alexander the Great
693:Achaemenid emperors
250:
200: /
142:Clockwise from top:
5752:Underground cities
5199:Syria II Salutaris
5056:Armenian Satrapies
4829:Dacia Mediterranea
4751:(395–c. 640)
4679:Venetia et Histria
4587:Apulia et Calabria
4288:Notitia Dignitatum
3528:. pp. 780–86.
3352:Corliss, Richard.
2763:name for Cilicia,
2388:Gümüşler Monastery
2373:Cappadocian Greeks
2287:in the background.
1986:
1915:Hot-air ballooning
1869:
1867:Uchisar Kaya Hotel
1846:Churches of Göreme
1786:and other cities.
1742:
1730:
1726:Hot-air ballooning
1703:Greek is known as
1634:began settling in
1617:
1607:Turkish Cappadocia
1593:underground cities
1525:
1483:John of Cappadocia
1404:
1396:
1328:Tigranes the Great
1312:
1300:
1247:Perseus of Macedon
1235:Ariarathes IV
973:
967:Fairy chimneys in
855:shortly after the
833:
829:Churches of Göreme
825:Christ Pantocrator
823:Another fresco of
817:
813:Churches of Göreme
809:Christ Pantocrator
532:
475:, to the north by
245:
209:38.65833; 34.85361
55:Ancient region of
41:Place in Katpatuka
18:Ancient Cappadocia
5669:
5668:
5648:Turkey portal
5364:
5363:
5326:Septem Provinciae
5316:
5315:
5288:Other territories
5278:
5277:
5274:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5061:Armenia III (536)
5033:Diocese of Pontus
5023:Phrygia Salutaris
5018:Phrygia Pacatiana
4922:Diocese of Thrace
4905:
4904:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4689:Diocese of Africa
4562:
4561:
4430:Diocese of Vienne
4420:Maxima Sequanorum
4332:
4331:
4231:
4230:
4089:
4088:
3945:
3944:
3937:Turkey portal
3158:978-0-52-001597-5
2546:Tourism in Turkey
2039:Nuri Bilge Ceylan
2020:'s second album,
1977:
1711:required to leave
1706:Cappadocian Greek
1695:), and where the
1644:Anatolian Seljuks
1640:Cappadocian Greek
1623:in 1071, various
1586:terra Hermeniorum
1408:Diocese of Pontus
1255:Ariarathes V
1123:power centred at
997:Mediterranean Sea
903:Greek geographers
770:"White Syrians" (
685:
665:
635:
618:
329:
328:
243:
242:
16:(Redirected from
5774:
5722:
5714:
5713:
5712:
5705:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5685:
5657:
5656:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5620:Multiple regions
5516:Arslantepe Mound
5466:Central Anatolia
5391:
5384:
5377:
5368:
5367:
5340: Later the
5324: Later the
5284:
5283:
5262:Thebais Inferior
5257:Thebais Superior
5214:Diocese of Egypt
5204:Theodorias (528)
5066:Armenia IV (536)
4918:
4917:
4821:Diocese of Dacia
4811:Valeria ripensis
4769:
4768:
4758:
4757:
4744:
4743:
4627:Tuscia et Umbria
4575:
4574:
4478:Diocese of Spain
4363:
4362:
4352:
4351:
4338:
4337:
4302:
4285:As found in the
4274:
4273:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4235:
4234:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4093:
4092:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3949:
3948:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3537:
3536:
3529:
3518:
3495:
3465:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3409:. Archived from
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3304:. Archived from
3298:
3292:
3291:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3189:
3181:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3119:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3071:
3065:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2983:
2974:
2973:
2953:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2921:
2913:
2907:
2898:
2892:
2886:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2814:ΑΩ International
2805:
2799:
2793:
2787:
2778:"side" (cf. Heb
2731:
2725:
2724:
2712:
2706:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2673:
2665:
2653:
2644:
2643:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2608:
2600:
2588:
2582:
2569:
2563:
2472:Ortahisar castle
2469:
2454:
2439:
2421:
2410:Aksaray Province
2402:
2384:
2369:
2360:underground city
2354:
2345:underground city
2339:
2323:
2308:
2296:
2280:
2268:
2252:
2237:
2225:
2202:
2190:
2163:
2149:
2135:
2123:General view of
2120:
2105:
2089:
2041:, which won the
1978:
1827:
1491:Muslim conquests
1450:over control of
1433:Gregory of Nyssa
1294:Ancient city of
1225:
1223:
1101:
1081:
990:
930:
926:
923:
786:Flavius Josephus
784:, associated by
697:Darius the Great
690:
680:
678:
670:
664:romanized:
663:
661:
653:
648:
640:
634:romanized:
633:
631:
626:Classical Syriac
623:
613:
611:
595:
594:
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
570:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
465:Taurus Mountains
414:Central Anatolia
395:
394:
391:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
370:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
267:
257:
251:
244:
215:
214:
212:
211:
210:
205:
201:
198:
197:
196:
193:
173:
145:Ortahisar Castle
134:
125:
114:
105:
94:
85:
74:
44:
43:
21:
5782:
5781:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5771:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5721:from Wikivoyage
5715:
5710:
5708:
5698:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5684:sister projects
5681:at Knowledge's
5675:
5670:
5665:
5642:
5640:
5631:
5615:
5583:
5561:
5520:
5497:
5460:
5437:
5400:
5395:
5365:
5360:
5312:
5289:
5266:
5242:Augustamnica II
5208:
5115:
5027:
4965:Diocese of Asia
4959:
4912:
4901:
4887:Macedonia Prima
4853:
4815:
4791:Noricum ripense
4763:
4752:
4726:
4683:
4636:
4569:
4558:
4520:
4472:
4438:Alpes Maritimae
4424:
4410:Lugdunensis III
4367:Diocese of Gaul
4357:
4346:
4345:(395–476)
4328:
4295:established by
4279:
4268:
4262:
4232:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4125:
4120:
4090:
4085:
3982:
3976:
3946:
3941:
3931:
3929:
3921:
3850:
3736:
3569:
3564:
3515:
3492:
3472:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3416:
3414:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3391:
3389:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3362:
3360:
3350:
3346:
3336:
3334:
3324:
3320:
3311:
3309:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3264:10.1038/nrc2068
3246:
3242:
3203:
3199:
3183:
3182:
3170:
3166:
3159:
3143:
3139:
3132:
3110:
3106:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3074:
3066:
3051:
3043:
3039:
3031:
3027:
3019:
3015:
3007:
3003:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2954:
2950:
2943:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2899:
2895:
2887:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2855:"Chullin 47b:5"
2853:
2852:
2848:
2839:
2837:
2829:
2828:
2821:
2806:
2802:
2794:
2790:
2732:
2728:
2713:
2709:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2667:
2666:
2654:
2647:
2631:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2602:
2601:
2589:
2585:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2480:
2473:
2470:
2461:
2455:
2446:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2370:
2361:
2355:
2346:
2340:
2331:
2328:rock-cut church
2324:
2315:
2309:
2300:
2297:
2288:
2281:
2272:
2269:
2260:
2253:
2244:
2238:
2229:
2226:
2217:
2203:
2194:
2191:
2182:
2164:
2155:
2150:
2141:
2136:
2127:
2121:
2112:
2108:Aerial view of
2106:
2097:
2090:
2081:
2055:
1988:
1987:
1967:
1963:
1939:
1891:, Gaziemir and
1825:
1719:
1609:
1578:Crusader States
1519:Frescos inside
1448:Sasanian Empire
1384:
1378:for centuries.
1351:, and finally,
1288:
1282:
1220:
1170:
1164:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1086:Achaemenid army
1082:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1056:
1044:
1029:
988:
961:
928:
924:
720:Luwian language
572:
539:
535:
520:
500:early Christian
372:
339:
335:
255:
221:Persian satrapy
208:
206:
202:
199:
194:
191:
189:
187:
186:
180:
164:
155:, Rose Valley,
139:
138:
137:
136:
135:
127:
126:
117:
116:
115:
107:
106:
97:
96:
95:
87:
86:
77:
76:
75:
60:
49:
42:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5780:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5724:
5723:
5706:
5677:
5674:
5673:External links
5671:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5663:
5651:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5623:
5621:
5617:
5616:
5614:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5601:Hevsel Gardens
5593:
5591:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5571:
5569:
5563:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5543:Historic Areas
5540:
5530:
5528:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5507:
5505:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5495:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5470:
5468:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5447:
5445:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5435:
5430:
5421:
5416:
5410:
5408:
5402:
5401:
5394:
5393:
5386:
5379:
5371:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5351:
5344:
5338:
5328:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5280:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5252:Libya Inferior
5249:
5247:Libya Superior
5244:
5239:
5237:Augustamnica I
5234:
5229:
5224:
5218:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5125:
5123:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5037:
5035:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4993:Lycaonia (370)
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4969:
4967:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4926:
4924:
4915:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4863:
4861:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4834:Dacia Ripensis
4831:
4825:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4777:
4775:
4766:
4754:
4753:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4693:
4691:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4657:
4652:
4646:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4572:
4564:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4530:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4496:Carthaginensis
4493:
4488:
4482:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4463:Novempopulania
4460:
4458:Narbonensis II
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4415:Lugdunensis IV
4412:
4407:
4405:Lugdunensis II
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4369:
4360:
4348:
4347:
4334:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4270:
4269:
4261:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4238:
4229:
4228:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4119:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4096:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3975:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3952:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3621:Hurrian States
3618:
3616:Hittite Empire
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3563:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3519:
3514:978-1139054942
3513:
3496:
3491:978-0192562463
3490:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3456:Chisholm, Hugh
3424:
3423:
3398:
3369:
3344:
3318:
3293:
3240:
3197:
3164:
3157:
3137:
3130:
3104:
3084:
3072:
3070:, p. 290.
3049:
3047:, p. 288.
3037:
3025:
3013:
3011:, p. 107.
3001:
2997:978-0415239028
2975:
2968:
2948:
2937:
2908:
2893:
2891:, p. 287.
2872:
2860:
2846:
2819:
2800:
2798:, p. 286.
2788:
2726:
2707:
2690:
2681:
2645:
2616:
2583:
2579:, 2002, p.13.
2575:Philadelphia:
2564:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2464:
2462:
2456:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2434:
2432:
2423:
2416:
2414:
2404:
2397:
2395:
2386:
2379:
2377:
2371:
2364:
2362:
2356:
2349:
2347:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2316:
2310:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2291:
2289:
2285:Uçhisar Castle
2282:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2263:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2245:
2239:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2220:
2218:
2204:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2185:
2183:
2165:
2158:
2156:
2151:
2144:
2142:
2137:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2100:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2057:Since 2012, a
2054:
2051:
1984:and Cappadocia
1965:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1938:
1935:
1718:
1717:Modern tourism
1715:
1697:Greek language
1687:Greek alphabet
1664:Ottoman Empire
1619:Following the
1608:
1605:
1582:Fourth Crusade
1580:following the
1383:
1380:
1376:Eastern Empire
1284:Main article:
1281:
1278:
1205:Zoroastrianism
1166:Main article:
1163:
1160:
1103:
1096:
1095:
1088:circa 470 BC.
1083:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1055:
1052:
1043:
1040:
1028:
1025:
960:
957:
718:came from the
519:
516:
496:fairy chimneys
327:
326:
323:
319:
318:
311:
307:
306:
301:
297:
296:
293:
287:
286:
273:
269:
268:
260:
259:
241:
240:
235:
233:Roman province
229:
228:
223:
217:
216:
182:
181:
174:
166:
165:
149:Uçhisar Castle
140:
129:
128:
120:
119:
118:
109:
108:
100:
99:
98:
89:
88:
80:
79:
78:
69:
68:
67:
66:
65:
62:
61:
54:
51:
50:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5779:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5720:
5719:
5718:Travel guides
5707:
5703:
5702:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5680:
5662:
5661:
5652:
5650:
5649:
5638:
5637:
5634:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5618:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5590:
5586:
5580:
5576:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5567:Mediterranean
5564:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5535:
5532:
5531:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5504:
5503:East Anatolia
5500:
5494:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5467:
5463:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5444:
5440:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5392:
5387:
5385:
5380:
5378:
5373:
5372:
5369:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5322:
5319:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5292:
5285:
5281:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5215:
5211:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5174:Palaestina II
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5122:
5118:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5081:Cappadocia II
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5051:Armenia Maior
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5030:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4908:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4759:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4741:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4690:
4686:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4650:Alpes Cottiae
4648:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4565:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4516:Tarraconensis
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4479:
4475:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4453:Narbonensis I
4451:
4449:
4448:Aquitanica II
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4400:Lugdunensis I
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4353:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4335:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4309:Constantine I
4306:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4271:
4266:
4259:
4254:
4252:
4247:
4245:
4240:
4239:
4236:
4128:
4124:
4117:
4112:
4110:
4105:
4103:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3973:
3968:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3938:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3872:Armenia Minor
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:Classical Age
3853:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
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3743:
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3733:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3719:
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3714:
3711:
3709:
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3701:
3699:
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3680:
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3672:
3670:
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3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3591:Assuwa League
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3561:
3556:
3554:
3549:
3547:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3531:
3527:
3526:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3497:
3493:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3474:
3473:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3439:public domain
3428:
3427:
3413:on 2016-12-20
3412:
3408:
3402:
3388:on 2013-08-05
3387:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3359:
3355:
3348:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3308:on 2014-08-26
3307:
3303:
3297:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3258:(2): 147–54.
3257:
3253:
3252:
3244:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3201:
3193:
3187:
3180:
3175:
3168:
3160:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3131:9780812240504
3127:
3123:
3118:
3117:
3108:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3079:
3077:
3069:
3068:Mitchell 2018
3064:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3046:
3041:
3034:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2980:
2971:
2969:9783642015779
2965:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2946:
2941:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2897:
2890:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2869:
2864:
2856:
2850:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2815:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2792:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2722:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2685:
2677:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2652:
2650:
2641:
2635:
2627:
2620:
2612:
2606:
2599:
2594:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2571:Van Dam, R.
2568:
2562:
2558:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2468:
2463:
2460:
2453:
2448:
2445:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2396:
2393:
2390:Courtyard in
2389:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2333:
2330:in Cappadocia
2329:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2302:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2274:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2255:View towards
2251:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2231:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2201:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2178:, located in
2177:
2173:
2169:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2134:
2129:
2126:
2119:
2114:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2065:ultramarathon
2063:
2062:track running
2060:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1983:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1826:three million
1823:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1809:, Guzelyurt,
1808:
1804:
1803:Ihlara Valley
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1740:in Cappadocia
1739:
1734:
1727:
1723:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1701:Eastern Roman
1698:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1662:and then the
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1613:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1522:
1521:Tokali Kilise
1517:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1393:
1392:Ihlara Valley
1388:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1372:Armenia Minor
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1326:troops under
1325:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1199:
1195:
1194:Ariarathes II
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1100:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1065:
1061:
1051:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1002:
998:
994:
986:
982:
981:Mount Erciyes
978:
971:, Cappadocia.
970:
965:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
919:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
895:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
847:account from
846:
842:
838:
830:
826:
821:
814:
810:
805:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
774:
769:
765:
761:
757:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
706:
702:
698:
694:
689:
683:
674:
669:
657:
652:
644:
639:
627:
622:
616:
607:
606:Ancient Greek
603:
599:
593:
530:, Cappadocia.
529:
524:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
453:Ionian Revolt
450:
447:According to
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
393:
333:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
305:
302:
298:
294:
292:
288:
285:
281:
277:
274:
270:
266:
261:
258:
252:
248:
239:
236:
234:
230:
227:
224:
222:
218:
213:
185:Coordinates:
183:
178:
172:
167:
162:
158:
157:Ihlara Valley
154:
153:Mount Erciyes
150:
146:
143:
133:
124:
113:
104:
93:
84:
73:
63:
58:
52:
45:
37:
33:
19:
5716:
5704:from Commons
5699:
5678:
5658:
5639:
5611:Mount Nemrut
5606:Göbekli Tepe
5492:
5308:Spania (552)
5169:Palaestina I
5149:Euphratensis
5096:Helenopontus
5076:Cappadocia I
4983:Hellespontus
4882:Epirus Vetus
4849:Praevalitana
4764:of Illyricum
4554:Valentia (?)
4539:Britannia II
4443:Aquitanica I
4321:theme system
4286:
4000:
3803:Neo-Hittites
3524:
3500:
3477:
3459:
3415:. Retrieved
3411:the original
3401:
3390:. Retrieved
3386:the original
3381:
3372:
3361:. Retrieved
3357:
3347:
3335:. Retrieved
3331:
3321:
3310:. Retrieved
3306:the original
3296:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3147:
3140:
3115:
3107:
3097:
3087:
3040:
3028:
3016:
3009:Raditsa 1983
3004:
2987:
2985:Mary Boyce.
2962:. Springer.
2958:
2951:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2923:
2911:
2901:
2900:Van Dam, R.
2896:
2863:
2849:
2838:. Retrieved
2835:biblehub.com
2834:
2831:"Acts 2 NIV"
2813:
2803:
2791:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2729:
2720:
2710:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2684:
2661:
2657:
2625:
2619:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2425:Kizil Kilise
2406:Çanlı Kilise
2056:
2045:at the 2014
2034:Winter Sleep
2032:
2030:
2016:
2009:
2003:
1999:Land of Doom
1997:
1991:
1989:
1943:mesothelioma
1940:
1937:Mesothelioma
1913:
1879:Castle, and
1870:
1819:
1788:
1770:, which has
1765:
1746:
1743:
1704:
1690:
1679:grand vizier
1672:
1618:
1590:
1585:
1555:
1550:
1543:settlers in
1537:Abu Al Faraj
1526:
1468:
1459:
1441:
1430:
1421:
1405:
1365:
1320:Ariobarzanes
1313:
1298:, Cappadocia
1232:
1213:fire temples
1202:
1171:
1115:in the late
1110:
1092:tomb relief.
1045:
1030:
1006:
974:
929: AD 24
925: 64 BC
915:
896:
886:, including
873:
857:resurrection
834:
771:
758:
753:
750:Hu-apa-dahyu
749:
747:
745:Cappadocia.
738:
734:
726:
724:
715:
711:
707:
647:𐎣𐎫𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣
533:
489:
483:and eastern
457:Mount Taurus
446:
331:
330:
179:(Asia Minor)
141:
5538:Cumalıkızık
5414:Aphrodisias
5355:Justinian I
5227:Aegyptus II
5159:Mesopotamia
5106:Paphlagonia
4935:Haemimontus
4913:of the East
4877:Epirus Nova
4801:Pannonia II
4534:Britannia I
4395:Germania II
4061:Paphlagonia
3907:Paphlagonia
3611:Hayasa-Azzi
2930:13 November
2444:Mustafapaşa
2241:Mt. Erciyes
1996:and 1985's
1817:and Zelve.
1799:Love Valley
1778:service to
1692:Karamanlıca
1570:Mesopotamia
1452:Mesopotamia
1347:, then for
1343:, then for
1336:client-king
1334:as the new
1266:Aristonicus
1032:Ignimbrites
739:katta peda-
705:Old Persian
677:Կապադովկիա,
643:Old Persian
325:9,883.81 ha
310:Inscription
207: /
5742:Cappadocia
5731:Categories
5679:Cappadocia
5493:Cappadocia
5474:Çatalhöyük
5456:Safranbolu
5424:Hierapolis
5332:reconquest
5222:Aegyptus I
5184:Phoenice I
5139:Cilicia II
5046:Armenia II
4796:Pannonia I
4468:Viennensis
4390:Germania I
4385:Belgica II
4325:Asia Minor
4297:Diocletian
4001:Cappadocia
3882:Cappadocia
3862:Antigonids
3811:Carchemish
3758:Cimmerians
3698:Purushanda
3693:Sagalassos
3629:Kizzuwatna
3596:Carchemish
3574:Bronze Age
3452:Cappadocia
3417:2016-12-14
3392:2013-11-28
3363:2017-08-15
3312:2012-06-18
2840:2022-11-02
2765:Kizzuwatna
2553:References
2517:Khndzoresk
2513:, Pakistan
2043:Palme d'Or
2005:Slipstream
1822:ignimbrite
1572:, and the
1535:historian
1510:Cappadocia
1506:Charsianon
1366:In 70 AD,
1228:Asia Minor
1178:Ariarathes
1156:Great King
1117:Bronze Age
1058:See also:
927: – c.
807:Fresco of
754:Kat-patuka
716:Kat-patuka
688:Kapadovkia
638:Kəp̄uḏoqyā
621:Kappadokía
610:Καππαδοκία
332:Cappadocia
313:1985 (9th
238:Cappadocia
195:34°51′13″E
192:38°39′30″N
147:, View of
48:Cappadocia
5443:Black Sea
5428:Pamukkale
5134:Cilicia I
5086:Galatia I
5041:Armenia I
5008:Pamphylia
4940:Moesia II
4897:Thessalia
4674:Raetia II
4506:Lusitania
4501:Gallaecia
4491:Balearica
4380:Belgica I
4056:Pamphylia
3892:Commagene
3450:(1911). "
3272:1474-175X
3235:110334356
3227:1420-326X
3186:cite book
2757:Katpatuka
2670:cite book
2634:cite book
2605:cite book
2442:Doors of
2429:Güzelyurt
2343:Derinkuyu
2257:Güzelyurt
2176:Aphrodite
2026:cover art
1923:Güzelyurt
1905:Güzelyurt
1885:Derinkuyu
1877:Ortahisar
1738:hermitage
1545:Sebasteia
1487:Byzantine
1368:Vespasian
1357:Archelaus
1259:proconsul
1251:Seleucids
1190:Perdiccas
1182:Black Sea
1021:Euphrates
899:satrapies
853:Pentecost
849:Galileans
792:, son of
773:Leucosyri
760:Herodotus
712:Katpatuka
682:romanized
651:Katpatuka
615:romanized
602:Kapadokya
518:Etymology
473:Euphrates
461:Black Sea
449:Herodotus
402:Kapadokya
300:Reference
226:Katpatuka
5747:Nevşehir
5660:Category
5547:Istanbul
5433:Pergamon
5101:Honorias
5071:Bithynia
4844:Moesia I
4839:Dardania
4781:Dalmatia
4702:Byzacena
4669:Raetia I
4617:Sardinia
4592:Campania
4570:of Italy
4293:dioceses
4036:Lycaonia
3996:Bithynia
3980:Anatolia
3912:Pergamon
3877:Bithynia
3741:Iron Age
3581:Ahhiyawa
3280:17251920
3095:(1890).
2773:Assyrian
2541:Mokissos
2511:Gondrani
2505:Kandovan
2478:See also
2358:Kaymakli
2073:Lake Tuz
2059:multiday
2018:Autechre
1955:asbestos
1947:erionite
1919:Trekking
1889:Kaymakli
1875:Castle,
1858:frescoes
1834:Pliocene
1784:Istanbul
1749:Nevşehir
1675:Nevşehir
1636:Anatolia
1541:Armenian
1499:Armeniac
1495:Anatolic
1361:Tiberius
1353:Octavian
1324:Armenian
1270:Pergamon
1264:against
1217:Augustus
1090:Xerxes I
977:Anatolia
941:Caesarea
937:Caesarea
911:Xenophon
865:Acts 2:5
863:Christ.
841:Acts 2:9
837:biblical
778:Hittites
764:Persians
701:Xerxes I
673:Armenian
668:Katapeda
660:𒅗𒋫𒁉𒁕
528:Gülşehir
481:Lycaonia
434:Kırşehir
422:Nevşehir
291:Criteria
272:Includes
177:Anatolia
59:, Turkey
5575:Xanthos
5526:Marmara
5484:Gordion
5451:Hattusa
5419:Ephesus
5298:Taurica
5232:Arcadia
5194:Syria I
5164:Osroene
5154:Isauria
5013:Pisidia
4988:Islands
4955:Thracia
4950:Scythia
4945:Rhodope
4664:Aemilia
4660:Liguria
4632:Valeria
4622:Sicilia
4612:Samnium
4597:Corsica
4486:Baetica
4358:of Gaul
4313:Ravenna
4278:History
4071:Pisidia
4066:Phrygia
4031:Isauria
4021:Galatia
4011:Cilicia
3902:Osroene
3897:Galatia
3887:Cilicia
3867:Armenia
3841:Phrygia
3823:Kammanu
3819:Ḫilakku
3768:Diauehi
3763:Colchis
3732:Zalpuwa
3708:Shupria
3689:Pisidia
3664:Miletus
3649:Kussara
3639:Kalašma
3633:Mitanni
3601:Hapalla
3470:Sources
3458:(ed.).
3441::
3288:9440201
2761:Hittite
2521:Armenia
2485:Amaseia
2110:Uçhisar
2079:Gallery
1951:zeolite
1909:Uçhisar
1893:Ozkonak
1873:Uçhisar
1854:chapels
1838:minaret
1830:Miocene
1811:Uçhisar
1776:railway
1772:airline
1768:Kayseri
1757:Aksaray
1753:Kayseri
1660:Karaman
1654:-based
1652:Karaman
1632:Seljuks
1625:Turkish
1562:Cilicia
1529:Armenia
1464:Persian
1456:Iranian
1370:joined
1332:Gordios
1198:dynasty
1186:Eumenes
1148:satrapy
1145:Persian
1137:Croesus
1125:Hattusa
1121:Hittite
1054:History
1036:Miocene
1027:Geology
1013:Pyramus
1001:Galatia
993:Cilicia
985:Kayseri
969:Uçhisar
933:Cilicia
888:Yevamot
880:Ketubot
876:Mishnah
794:Japheth
790:Meshech
782:Moschoi
743:toponym
731:Hittite
684::
656:Hittite
641:, from
630:ܩܦܘܕܩܝܐ
617::
598:Turkish
492:tourism
485:Galatia
469:Cilicia
430:Aksaray
426:Kayseri
398:Turkish
315:Session
5579:Letoon
5406:Aegean
5350:in 536
5144:Cyprus
5129:Arabia
4930:Europa
4867:Achaea
4317:Africa
4076:Pontus
3991:Aeolis
3917:Pontus
3846:Urartu
3827:Kummuh
3815:Gurgum
3798:Mushki
3778:Etiuni
3748:Aeolia
3723:Wilusa
3644:Kaskia
3586:Arzawa
3511:
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3454:". In
3435:
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3332:12edit
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2926:. IUGS
2526:Syunik
2507:, Iran
2459:Avanos
2211:UNESCO
2207:Göreme
2172:Athena
2139:Avanos
2094:Göreme
2053:Sports
1982:Göreme
1931:Göreme
1901:Göreme
1815:Avanos
1807:Selime
1795:Göreme
1780:Ankara
1668:Turkey
1656:Beylik
1558:Seljuk
1502:themes
1425:Joseph
1412:famine
1349:Antony
1345:Caesar
1341:Pompey
1274:Pontus
1233:Under
1209:Strabo
1152:Darius
1141:feudal
1133:Lydian
1129:Mushki
989:3916 m
953:Taurus
947:) and
945:Mazaca
918:Strabo
907:Pontus
892:Hullin
890:121a,
884:Talmud
845:Gospel
768:Greeks
708:dahyu-
508:Ihlara
504:Göreme
477:Pontus
418:Turkey
410:region
5701:Media
5534:Bursa
5003:Lydia
4998:Lycia
4978:Caria
4872:Creta
4806:Savia
4081:Troad
4051:Mysia
4046:Lydia
4041:Lycia
4026:Ionia
4016:Doris
4006:Caria
3835:Tabal
3807:Atuna
3793:Lydia
3788:Lycia
3783:Ionia
3773:Doris
3753:Caria
3718:Urumu
3713:Urshu
3679:Nairi
3674:Mysia
3659:Luwia
3654:Lukka
3625:Isuwa
3606:Hatti
3284:S2CID
3231:S2CID
2999:p. 85
2920:(PDF)
2780:katef
2776:katpa
2753:Tucha
2749:Ducha
2699:zanta
2392:Niğde
2180:Ürgüp
2125:Ürgüp
2022:Amber
1961:Media
1927:Ürgüp
1897:Ürgüp
1881:Ürgüp
1791:Ürgüp
1761:Niğde
1648:Konya
1628:clans
1595:(see
1566:Syria
1444:Tyana
1437:Basil
1435:that
1306:King
1296:Tyana
1135:king
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1017:Halys
1009:Sarus
949:Tyana
894:47b.
878:, in
861:Jesus
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3509:ISBN
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3358:Time
3339:2019
3276:PMID
3268:ISSN
3223:ISSN
3192:link
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