442:"In many ways, it is very sad that the only effective way to get people to respond to suffering is through an emotional appeal, rather than through an objective reading of massive need. The upside is that when our emotions are awakened, we can be tremendously caring. Once we attach an individual face to suffering, we're much more willing to help, and we go far beyond what economists would expect from rational, selfish, maximizing agents." Empathy also influences our prosocial behaviors. Prosocial behaviors are actions that are concerned with helping others. For example, people are much more likely to donate money to find a cure for a disease when they know someone personally who has that illness. The empathy and compassion that we feel towards that person is what encourages us to donate. An empathy study was conducted by Fowler, Law, and Gaesser. The goal of this study was to determine how the empathy we feel varies throughout different people in our lives. Participants were asked to make a list of one hundred people. The people at the top of the list were parents, family, loved ones, etc. Towards the bottom of the list were strangers. Participants were then asked to imagine these people in various scenarios and describe the degree of empathy that they had towards each person. Results showed that the closer a person was the more empathy they felt, and for those at the bottom of the list there was not much empathy felt in comparison.
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processing). "When participants use the central/systematic route of responding to message content, they tend to be persuaded more by strong arguments, and less by weak arguments. However, the strength of the argument matters less when the peripheral route is chosen. In that case, other "peripheral" factors, such as the credibility of the source of the message or the intention of the communicator become important in the persuasive process." Petty and
Cacioppo suggest that negative affect should result in more central processing and positive affect to more peripheral processing. That is, "In happy moods, people tend to be persuaded equally by strong and weak arguments, whereas in sad moods, people are persuaded only by strong arguments and reject weak arguments." Said otherwise, positive moods encourage easy acceptance of arguments, while negative moods encourage the changing of beliefs due to significant data.
363:'s effect on persuasion has also seldom been studied. A couple of studies, however, "suggest that a positive relationship exists between anger and attitude change". Specifically, researchers found that "anger evoked in response to issues of juvenile crime and domestic terrorism correlated with acceptance of legislative initiatives proposed to address those issues". Not unlike fear, anger was associated with close (central) information processing including of persuasive messages. However, "unintentionally induced anger in response to supposed guilt and fear appeals has been shown to correlate negatively with attitudes". The persuasive uses of anger have also been studied in political campaigns, since anger can be evoked strategically by politicians to increase the motivation and engagement of their sympathizers, although the historian
82:. It is only fallacious when the emotions that are elicited are irrelevant to evaluating the truth of the conclusion and serve to distract from rational consideration of relevant premises or information. For instance, if a student says "If I get a failing grade for this paper I will lose my scholarship. It's not plagiarized." the emotions elicited by the first statement are not relevant to establishing whether the paper was plagiarized. Also, the statement "Look at the suffering children. We must do more for refugees." is fallacious, because the suffering of the children and our emotional perception of the badness of suffering is not relevant to the conclusion (to be sure, the proper role, if any, for emotion in moral reasoning is a contested issue in ethics).
108:, described emotional arousal as critical to persuasion, "The orator persuades by means of his hearers, when they are roused to emotion by his speech; for the judgments we deliver are not the same when we are influenced by joy or sorrow, love or hate." Aristotle warned that emotions may create beliefs where none existed, or change existing beliefs, and may enhance or decrease the strength with which a belief is held. Seneca similarly warned that "Reason herself, to whom the reins of power have been entrusted, remains mistress only so long as she is kept apart from the passions."
206:. The cognitive dimension refers "to beliefs that one holds about the attitude object, and behavior has been used to describe overt actions and responses to the attitude object". Affect, meanwhile, describes "the positive and negative feelings that one holds toward an attitude object", that is, the emotional dimension of an attitude. Modern theorists have modified the tripartite theory to argue that an attitude "does not consist of these elements, but is instead a general evaluative summary of the information derived from these bases."
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333:"people are demonstrably more likely to engage in the political realm when they are anxious about the candidates. Uneasiness about the available political choices leads people to pay closer attention to the political environment. people learn more about the candidates (that is they acquire new and accurate knowledge) when they are anxious but not when they are enthusiastic about those candidates who dominate the political field."
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236:"what is interesting about this second emotional system is that the onset of increased anxiety stops ongoing activity and orients attention to the threatening appearance so that learning can take place. when the system detects unexpected of threatening stimuli, however, it evokes increased anxiety, it interrupts ongoing activity, and it shifts attention away from the previous focus and toward the intrusive stimuli."
284:. Depicting individuals, groups, or issues from an emotional perspective, or as actors in emotional events, evokes emotion. It thereby slips the belief that the emotion is about into the listener's mind. Presumably, it slips the beliefs into the listener's mind more easily, smoothly and unquestioned than would happen when the information alone was transmitted."
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then we experience it. For example, when we have a desired goal, we hope that we can reach it, but that hope is what motivates us as individuals to work towards that goal. Hope also changes how we perceive others. Martin explains how once we can relate to someone, we are then feeling some degree of hope for them: hope for success, change or growth.
163:, professor of psychology psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Emory University, using current psychiatric and psychological research to demonstrate the power of emotions in affecting political cognition and preferences, wrote that, "when reason and emotion collide, emotion invariably wins". Westen, an advisor to Democratic
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since feelings are treated by people as evidence, and when feelings match beliefs, that is considered as validation of the beliefs. Other research shows that "emotional stimuli can influence judgment without a judge's awareness of having seen or felt anything (e.g., Bargh, 1997; Murphy & Zajonc, 1993)."
167:, believes that evolution has equipped people to process information by emotions and that people respond to emotional cues more than to rational arguments. Accordingly, Westen believes that emotion is vital for effective persuasion and that appeals to emotion will always be more effective appeals to reason:
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Some researchers have argued that anxiety which is followed by relief results in greater compliance to a request than fear, because the relief causes a temporary state of disorientation, leaving individuals vulnerable to suggestion. The suggestion is that relief-based persuasion is a function of less
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Once triggered, compassion causes individuals to favor the few they see suffering over the many who they know to be suffering but in the abstract: "People who feel similar to another person in need have been shown to experience more empathic compassion for that person than do those not manipulated to
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are successful mainly with subjects who self-report as being predisposed to experiencing fear. While hope is often seen and understood as an abstract concept, Adrienne Martin proves otherwise in their book How We Hope. In this book it is explained how hope is a two-part emotion. First, we feel hope,
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notes that appeals that, through visual cues or otherwise, make us focus on specific, individual victims affect our attitudes and cause us to take action whereas, "when many people are involved, we don't. A cold calculation does not increase our concern for large problems; instead, it suppresses our
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More generally, "fear is associated with both attitude and behavior change." However, "four variables that may interact to influence processing depth of a fear-inducing message: (a) type of fear (chronic vs. acute), (b) expectation of a message containing reassuring information, (c) type of behavior
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Though it is still an underdeveloped topic of research, a number of scholars are demonstrating that manipulating emotions concerning a persuasive message does affect that message's effectiveness. It has been shown, for example, that people tend to adjust their beliefs to conform with their emotions,
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Marcus further argues that "emotional engagement will motivate people toward making more deeply reasoned decisions about politics than those who remain dispassionate". Other people have argued that "when an emotion is aroused and experienced, it can involve a number of psychological processes that
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are not supplanters of reason, or even rivals in her sway; they are her handmaids, by whose ministry she is enabled to usher truth into the heart, and procure it to favorable reception. As handmaids, they are liable to be seduced by sophistry in the garb of reason, and sometimes are made ignorantly
301:
Psychologists Petty & Cacioppo found that there are two ways of processing persuasive messages: (1) to emphasize the content and quality of the message (central processing), or (2) to emphasize instead external cues (such as the source of the message) and to disregard its content (peripheral
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asserted confidently that "in certain cases we can effect some change in public opinion with a fair degree of accuracy by operating a certain mechanism, just as a motorist can regulate the speed of his car by manipulating the flow of gasoline." Bernays advised that to change the attitudes of the
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First, the disposition system "provides people with an understanding, an emotional report card, about actions that are already in their repertoire of habits." That is, the first system is that which monitors the casual processing of political information through habit, through which most of our
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is the emotion that is experienced when an individual violates an internalized moral, ethical or religious belief. Guilt's effect on persuasion has been studied only cursorily. Not unlike fear appeals, the literature suggests that guilt can enhance attainment of persuasive goals if evoked to a
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Indeed, some contemporary authors have attributed the popularity of the most destructive political forces in modern history to the ability of their propagandists to enchant (rather than convince) publics and to oppose "the heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor" to "naked self interest" and
230:." In other words, the second system monitors the environment for any signs of threat. If a threat is found, that system takes people out of habitual, casual processing and puts them in a state of alertness and receptivity to new information:
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Accepted wisdom is that, "hen it comes to issues of emotional importance, convincing someone to change his or her existing beliefs appears to be a virtually hopeless undertaking." And yet, manipulating emotions may help change attitudes:
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This theory is known as the "tripartite theory." For a summary of the theory and a list of its developers, see, e.g., Leandre
Fabrigar, Tara MacDonald and Duane Wegener, "The Structure of Attitudes" in Dolores Albarracin et al.,
461:, finding that members of a collectivist culture (China) responded more favorably to a pride-based appeal, whereas members of an individualist culture (the United States) responded more favorably to an empathy-based appeal."
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A central aspect of the art of political persuasion is creating, solidifying, and activating networks that create primarily positive feelings toward your candidate or party and negative feelings toward the opponent
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argued, instead, that emotions were allies of reason, and that they aid in the assimilation of knowledge. However, Campbell warned of the malleability of emotion and the consequent risk in terms of suggestibility:
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Appeals to emotion are intended to cause the recipient of the information to experience feelings such as fear, pity, or joy, with the end goal of convincing the person that the statements being presented by the
327:. Fear has been found to force individuals "to break from routine and pay close attention to the external world," including persuasive messages. Moreover, fear has been found to encourage political engagement:
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You can slog it for those few millimeters of cerebral turf that process facts, figures and policy statements. Or you can … target different emotional states with messages designed to maximize their appeal.
401:, in the context of messages opposing animal experimentation, is correlated negatively with attitude change. This is consistent with the idea that disgust results in a rejection of its source.
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Referring to the work of Marcus, political scientist Tom Brader says that, "by appealing to specific emotions, can change the way citizens respond to political messages".
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Regardless, it would stand to reason, then, that affecting a subject's emotional state, in conjunction with a political message, could affect that subject's attitudes.
213:(writing with Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen) identifies two mental systems through which reason and emotion interact in managing and processing political stimuli:
752:, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 2005, p. 82., citing Cacioppo et al., 1989; Crites, Fabrigar & Petty, 1994; Zanna & Rempel, 1988
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Robin L. Nabi, "Discrete
Emotions and Persuasion," in "Persuasion and the Structure of Affect", The Persuasion Handbook, Sage Publishing, p. 297.
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Indeed, "recent studies have confirmed that affect does play a general role in attitude change, whether due to persuasive communication, or to
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moderate degree. However, messages designed to evoke excessive levels of guilt may instead arouse anger that may impede persuasive success.
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masses, a propagandist should target its "impulses, habits and emotions" and make "emotional currents" work to achieve the goal.
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characterized emotions as having the power to "make the mind inclined to think one thing rather than another." Disagreeing with
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The power of emotions to influence judgment, including political attitudes, has been recognized since classical antiquity.
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George
Campbell, 1776, cited by James Price Dillar and Anneloes Meijnders in "Persuasion and the Structure of Affect",
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Klaus
Fiedler and Herbert Bless, "The formation of beliefs at the interface of affective and cognitive processes," in
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in skewing moral judgment. The researchers' findings show there is a major relationship between moral judgment and
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has noted that the potential for an
American candidate to use anger effectively is contingent on their identity.
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Leandre
Fabrigar, Tara MacDonald and Duane Wegener, "The Structure of Attitudes" in Dolores Albarracin et al.,
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The second system, the surveillance system, "acts to scan the environment for novelty and sudden intrusion of
43:. This kind of appeal to emotion is irrelevant to or distracting from the facts of the argument (a so-called "
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concern in particular, specifically feelings of warmth and compassion in response to someone in distress.
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In modern philosophy, there are two main types of appeal to emotion. One is the appeal to force (known as
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advocated (e.g., disease detection vs. health promotion), and (d) issue familiarity."
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can then be used as a platform for promoting and securing influence and compliance".
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Images of suffering children are the ideal triggers of this instinctive compassion.
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citing PLoS One. 2013; 8(4): e60418. Published online 2013 April 4.
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that emotion destroys reason, the 18th century Scottish philosopher
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arousal has been associated with attitude change in the context of
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The only widely studied emotion, with respect to persuasion, is
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wrote that "People arrive at their beliefs not on the basis of
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Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems
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Fowler, Zoe; Law, Kyle Fiore; Gaesser, Brendan (2020-02-25).
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and persuasion considered the role of culture in response to
454:
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47:") and encompasses several logical fallacies, including
739:, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 2005, p. 82.
280:"he use of emotions to instill beliefs is prevalent in
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Robin L. Nabi, "Discrete Emotions and Persuasion," in
1213:"Empathy regulation, prosociality, and moral judgment"
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830:
828:
826:
308:
261:. These are only considered fallacies when used for
1319:, The Persuasion Handbook, Sage Publishing, p. 296.
954:George Marcus, Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen,
803:George Marcus, Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen,
790:George Marcus, Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen,
777:George Marcus, Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen,
761:George Marcus, Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen,
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to lend their aid in the introduction of falsehood.
113:Centuries later. French scientist and philosopher,
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820:A. Pratkanis, ed., Psychology Press, 2007, p. 149
657:Edward Bernays, Propaganda, 1928, 2005 ed., p. 72.
552:
121:, but on the basis of what they find attractive."
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1265:
1010:"Only one kind of anger counts in the 2020 race"
635:Blaise Pascal, "On the Art of Persuasion," 1658.
255:) the other is the appeal to sympathy, known as
794:, University of Chicago Press, 2000, pp. 10–11.
414:A number of recent studies support the role of
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1865:Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise
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1870:Negative conclusion from affirmative premises
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1395:
956:Affective Intelligence and Political Judgment
805:Affective Intelligence and Political Judgment
792:Affective Intelligence and Political Judgment
779:Affective Intelligence and Political Judgment
763:Affective Intelligence and Political Judgment
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958:, University of Chicago Press, 2000, p. 128.
4050:indicate emotion names in foreign languages
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781:, University of Chicago Press, 2000, p. 10.
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838:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
478:Experiments have shown that appeals to
78:Appeal to emotion is an application of
4060:
1340:
1317:Persuasion and the Structure of Affect
1192:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1139:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1007:
834:
2765:
1728:
1383:
404:
313:
2791:
1160:, "The Irrational Bundle". iBooks.
1107:, "The Irrational Bundle". iBooks.
712:, Public Affairs Books, 2007, p. 35
318:
13:
1341:Martin, Adrienne M. (2013-12-22),
309:Influence of emotion on persuasion
189:
93:
28:(meaning the same in Latin) is an
14:
4084:
1201:. "The Irrational Bundle", p. 764
1148:. "The Irrational Bundle", p. 755
298:processes (Petty et al., 2001)".
3493:
3487:
2746:
2745:
818:The Science of Social Influence,
470:careful information processing.
1334:
1309:
1259:
1204:
1151:
1098:
1085:
1079:
1045:
1008:Hemmer, Nicole (7 March 2020).
1001:
948:
936:
923:
910:
897:
884:
871:
858:
845:
810:
797:
784:
755:
742:
728:
715:
699:
686:
673:
220:information processing is done.
2243:Correlation implies causation
1349:, Princeton University Press,
660:
651:
638:
629:
616:
603:
590:
577:
546:
1:
1217:Current Opinion in Psychology
905:Attitudes and Attitude Change
539:
4002:Social emotional development
1674:Rally 'round the flag effect
1549:Fear, uncertainty, and doubt
1229:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.011
1067:10.1371/journal.pone.0060418
555:"Fallacy: Appeal to Emotion"
7:
3248:
510:
486:
268:
10:
4089:
2667:I'm entitled to my opinion
1042:, Sage Publishing, p. 294.
998:, Sage Publishing, p. 293.
978:, Sage Publishing, p. 292.
648:, Sage Publishing, p. 309.
429:feel similar to another."
393:
370:
4045:
3564:
3502:
3485:
2804:
2741:
2650:
2589:
2523:
2439:
2348:
2323:
2298:
2222:
2174:
2110:
2085:
2057:
2022:
1972:
1926:
1917:
1855:
1821:
1777:
1768:
1417:
918:The Handbook of Attitudes
750:The Handbook of Attitudes
737:The Handbook of Attitudes
464:
3935:in virtual communication
2693:Motte-and-bailey fallacy
1793:Affirming the consequent
683:, 1928, 2005 ed., p. 77.
670:, 1928, 2005 ed., p. 73.
448:
355:
343:
16:Informal logical fallacy
2713:Two wrongs make a right
2044:Denying the correlative
1479:Cartographic propaganda
1040:The Persuasion Handbook
996:The Persuasion Handbook
976:The Persuasion Handbook
646:The Persuasion Handbook
553:Labossiere, Michael C.
473:
25:argumentum ad passiones
3552:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3149:
3115:
2698:Psychologist's fallacy
2635:Argument to moderation
2625:Argument from anecdote
2575:Chronological snobbery
2199:Quoting out of context
2166:Overwhelming exception
2049:Suppressed correlative
1949:Quoting out of context
1824:quantificational logic
1798:Denying the antecedent
1664:Propaganda of the deed
1634:New generation warfare
1584:Historical negationism
1422:Accusation in a mirror
1297:Cite journal requires
410:Empathy and compassion
49:appeal to consequences
4068:Propaganda techniques
2661:The Four Great Errors
2641:Argumentum ad populum
2630:Argument from silence
2334:Argumentum ad baculum
2112:Faulty generalization
1803:Argument from fallacy
1659:Psychological warfare
1624:Monumental propaganda
1574:Glittering generality
1554:Firehose of falsehood
1411:Propaganda techniques
1276:10.31219/osf.io/uxnre
533:Argumentum ad lazarum
493:Think of the children
32:characterized by the
3972:Group affective tone
2679:Invincible ignorance
2485:Reductio ad Stalinum
2471:Reductio ad Hitlerum
2427:Wisdom of repugnance
2194:Moving the goalposts
2059:Illicit transference
1984:Begging the question
1905:Undistributed middle
1813:Mathematical fallacy
1788:Affirming a disjunct
1499:Demonizing the enemy
1093:Emotions and Beliefs
931:Emotions and Beliefs
892:Emotions and Beliefs
879:Emotions and Beliefs
866:Emotions and Beliefs
853:Emotions and Beliefs
611:Emotions and Beliefs
598:Emotions and Beliefs
504:Reductio ad Hitlerum
296:cognitive dissonance
282:political propaganda
209:Political scientist
147:Propaganda theorist
4025:constructed emotion
3695:functional accounts
2412:Parade of horribles
2388:In-group favoritism
2214:Syntactic ambiguity
1857:Syllogistic fallacy
1780:propositional logic
1689:Shooting and crying
1519:Emotive conjugation
1494:Cult of personality
1444:Atrocity propaganda
723:The Political Brain
710:The Political Brain
527:Post-truth politics
165:political campaigns
4073:Appeals to emotion
3925:in decision-making
3166:(sense of purpose)
2498:Poisoning the well
2315:Proof by assertion
2290:Texas sharpshooter
2224:Questionable cause
2161:Slothful induction
2120:Anecdotal evidence
1980:Circular reasoning
1875:Exclusive premises
1837:Illicit conversion
1649:Oversimplification
1629:Moralistic fallacy
1057:2014-06-25 at the
692:Barry A. Sanders,
565:on 18 October 2014
517:Bread and circuses
127:Seneca the Younger
102:, in his treatise
65:appeal to ridicule
57:appeal to flattery
4055:
4054:
3642:Appeal to emotion
3420:Social connection
2759:
2758:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2673:Ignoratio elenchi
2585:
2584:
2435:
2434:
2397:Not invented here
2102:Converse accident
2024:Correlative-based
2001:Compound question
1944:False attribution
1939:False equivalence
1913:
1912:
1722:
1721:
1614:Managing the news
1439:Appeal to emotion
405:Positive emotions
314:Negative emotions
80:social psychology
20:Appeal to emotion
4080:
4030:discrete emotion
3930:in the workplace
3826:Empathy quotient
3557:
3497:
3491:
3396:
3387:
3378:
3253:
3154:
3120:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2763:
2762:
2749:
2748:
2720:Special pleading
2599:
2598:
2460:Appeal to motive
2446:
2445:
2422:Stirring symbols
2402:Island mentality
2340:Wishful thinking
2321:
2320:
2037:Perfect solution
2014:No true Scotsman
2009:Complex question
1994:Leading question
1973:Question-begging
1959:No true Scotsman
1924:
1923:
1847:Quantifier shift
1842:Proof by example
1775:
1774:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1726:
1725:
1714:White propaganda
1669:Public relations
1644:Overcomplication
1529:False accusation
1464:Black propaganda
1454:Beautiful people
1449:Bandwagon effect
1404:
1397:
1390:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1320:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1208:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1171:. Archived from
1155:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1118:. Archived from
1102:
1096:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1049:
1043:
1036:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1005:
999:
992:
979:
972:
959:
952:
946:
940:
934:
927:
921:
914:
908:
901:
895:
888:
882:
875:
869:
862:
856:
849:
843:
842:
832:
821:
814:
808:
801:
795:
788:
782:
775:
766:
759:
753:
746:
740:
732:
726:
719:
713:
703:
697:
690:
684:
679:Edward Bernays,
677:
671:
666:Edward Bernays,
664:
658:
655:
649:
642:
636:
633:
627:
620:
614:
607:
601:
594:
588:
581:
575:
574:
572:
570:
561:. Archived from
550:
319:Fear and anxiety
258:ad misericordiam
73:wishful thinking
30:informal fallacy
4088:
4087:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4041:
3982:Jealousy in art
3725:in conversation
3647:Amygdala hijack
3560:
3498:
3492:
3483:
3472:sense of wonder
2800:
2790:
2760:
2755:
2729:
2703:Rationalization
2646:
2593:
2581:
2519:
2441:Genetic fallacy
2431:
2344:
2319:
2294:
2218:
2209:Sorites paradox
2189:False precision
2170:
2151:Double counting
2106:
2081:
2053:
2018:
2005:Loaded question
1989:Loaded language
1968:
1909:
1851:
1817:
1764:
1753:
1723:
1718:
1604:Loaded language
1413:
1408:
1378:
1377:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1343:"What Is Hope?"
1339:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1314:
1310:
1298:
1296:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1264:
1260:
1209:
1205:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1163:"Archived copy"
1161:
1156:
1152:
1132:
1131:
1125:
1123:
1110:"Archived copy"
1108:
1103:
1099:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1059:Wayback Machine
1050:
1046:
1037:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1006:
1002:
993:
982:
973:
962:
953:
949:
941:
937:
928:
924:
915:
911:
902:
898:
889:
885:
876:
872:
863:
859:
850:
846:
833:
824:
815:
811:
802:
798:
789:
785:
776:
769:
760:
756:
747:
743:
733:
729:
720:
716:
704:
700:
691:
687:
678:
674:
665:
661:
656:
652:
643:
639:
634:
630:
621:
617:
608:
604:
595:
591:
582:
578:
568:
566:
551:
547:
542:
513:
498:Checkers speech
489:
476:
467:
451:
412:
407:
396:
373:
358:
346:
321:
316:
311:
271:
192:
190:Modern theories
156:individualism.
131:George Campbell
96:
94:Classical times
69:appeal to spite
17:
12:
11:
5:
4086:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4053:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4035:somatic marker
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4009:
4007:Stoic passions
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3955:social sharing
3952:
3947:
3945:self-conscious
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3888:thought method
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3853:lateralization
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3680:classification
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3400:Sentimentality
3397:
3388:
3379:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3236:at first sight
3233:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3160:
3155:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3007:
3006:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2974:Disappointment
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2766:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2681:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2607:
2605:
2596:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2542:
2535:
2533:Accomplishment
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2462:
2456:
2454:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2329:
2327:
2318:
2317:
2308:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2285:Slippery slope
2282:
2277:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2228:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2204:Slippery slope
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2130:Cherry picking
2122:
2116:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2028:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1594:Indoctrination
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1504:Disinformation
1501:
1496:
1491:
1489:Cherry picking
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1434:Appeal to fear
1431:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1406:
1399:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1375:
1363:
1333:
1321:
1308:
1299:|journal=
1258:
1203:
1150:
1097:
1084:
1078:
1044:
1028:
1000:
980:
960:
947:
935:
922:
909:
896:
883:
870:
857:
844:
822:
809:
796:
783:
767:
754:
741:
727:
714:
698:
685:
672:
659:
650:
637:
628:
615:
602:
589:
576:
559:Nizkor Project
544:
543:
541:
538:
537:
536:
529:
524:
519:
512:
509:
508:
507:
500:
495:
488:
485:
475:
472:
466:
463:
450:
447:
446:
445:
444:
443:
411:
408:
406:
403:
395:
392:
388:juvenile crime
372:
369:
357:
354:
345:
342:
337:
336:
335:
334:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
288:
287:
286:
285:
270:
267:
240:
239:
238:
237:
224:
223:
222:
221:
191:
188:
187:
186:
185:
184:
178:
177:
176:
175:
149:Edward Bernays
145:
144:
143:
142:
123:Baruch Spinoza
95:
92:
61:appeal to pity
53:appeal to fear
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4085:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4049:
4044:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3789:dysregulation
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3737:interpersonal
3735:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3591:
3590:in psychology
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3575:consciousness
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3384:Schadenfreude
3380:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3250:Mono no aware
3246:
3244:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3102:Joie de vivre
3099:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3071:Gratification
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2999:Embarrassment
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2904:Belongingness
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2782:
2780:
2775:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2752:
2744:
2743:
2740:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2588:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2393:Invented here
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:False analogy
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2125:Sampling bias
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2088:Secundum quid
2084:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2032:False dilemma
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1900:Illicit minor
1898:
1896:
1895:Illicit major
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1736:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1539:False dilemma
1537:
1535:
1534:False balance
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1366:
1364:9780691151526
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1328:
1326:
1318:
1312:
1304:
1291:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1175:on 2014-12-30
1174:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1122:on 2014-12-30
1121:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1004:
997:
991:
989:
987:
985:
977:
971:
969:
967:
965:
957:
951:
945:
939:
932:
926:
919:
913:
906:
900:
893:
887:
880:
874:
867:
861:
854:
848:
840:
839:
831:
829:
827:
819:
813:
806:
800:
793:
787:
780:
774:
772:
764:
758:
751:
745:
738:
731:
724:
721:Drew Westen,
718:
711:
707:
702:
695:
689:
682:
676:
669:
663:
654:
647:
641:
632:
625:
619:
612:
606:
599:
593:
586:
580:
564:
560:
556:
549:
545:
535:
534:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
506:
505:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
484:
481:
471:
462:
460:
456:
441:
440:
439:
438:
437:
436:compassion."
434:
430:
426:
423:
421:
417:
402:
400:
391:
389:
385:
384:illicit drugs
381:
377:
368:
366:
365:Nicole Hemmer
362:
353:
350:
341:
332:
331:
330:
329:
328:
326:
306:
303:
299:
297:
292:
283:
279:
278:
277:
276:
275:
266:
264:
260:
259:
254:
253:
247:
244:
235:
234:
233:
232:
231:
229:
218:
217:
216:
215:
214:
212:
211:George Marcus
207:
205:
201:
197:
182:
181:
180:
179:
172:
171:
170:
169:
168:
166:
162:
157:
153:
150:
139:
138:
137:
136:
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115:Blaise Pascal
111:
110:
107:
106:
101:
91:
89:
83:
81:
76:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
39:
35:
31:
27:
26:
21:
4047:
3987:Meta-emotion
3900:Emotionality
3873:responsivity
3821:and bullying
3816:intelligence
3641:
3626:Affectivity
3610:neuroscience
3580:in education
3163:
3124:Homesickness
3100:
3026:Enthrallment
3011:Emotion work
2874:Anticipation
2688:Naturalistic
2671:
2659:
2639:
2610:
2594:of relevance
2537:
2515:Whataboutism
2507:
2483:
2477:Godwin's law
2469:
2449:
2349:
2332:
2325:Consequences
2306:Law/Legality
2280:Single cause
2253:
2246:
2086:
1954:Loki's Wager
1934:Equivocation
1927:Equivocation
1709:Whataboutism
1679:Scapegoating
1639:Obscurantism
1619:Minimisation
1524:Exaggeration
1438:
1426:
1368:, retrieved
1346:
1336:
1316:
1311:
1290:cite journal
1279:. Retrieved
1261:
1220:
1216:
1206:
1177:. Retrieved
1173:the original
1166:
1153:
1124:. Retrieved
1120:the original
1113:
1100:
1092:
1087:
1081:
1047:
1039:
1019:. Retrieved
1013:
1003:
995:
975:
955:
950:
943:
942:Ted Brader,
938:
930:
925:
917:
912:
904:
899:
891:
886:
878:
873:
865:
860:
852:
847:
837:
817:
812:
804:
799:
791:
786:
778:
762:
757:
749:
744:
736:
730:
722:
717:
709:
701:
693:
688:
680:
675:
667:
662:
653:
645:
640:
631:
626:, I, viii.1.
623:
618:
610:
605:
597:
592:
584:
579:
567:. Retrieved
563:the original
548:
531:
502:
477:
468:
452:
431:
427:
424:
413:
397:
374:
359:
347:
338:
322:
304:
300:
293:
289:
272:
256:
250:
248:
245:
241:
225:
208:
193:
158:
154:
146:
112:
109:
103:
97:
84:
77:
34:manipulation
24:
23:
19:
18:
3915:and culture
3720:recognition
3705:homeostatic
3605:forecasting
3554:Weltschmerz
3527:Misanthropy
3304:grandiosity
3186:Inspiration
3176:Infatuation
3144:Humiliation
3066:Frustration
2939:Contentment
2708:Red herring
2465:Association
2146:Conjunction
2067:Composition
1964:Reification
1880:Existential
1832:Existential
1704:Weasel word
1654:Plain folks
1569:Gish gallop
1559:Flag-waving
1514:Doublespeak
1509:Dog whistle
1469:Blood libel
1347:How We Hope
1223:: 188–195.
706:Drew Westen
583:Aristotle,
459:advertising
161:Drew Westen
159:Similarly,
45:red herring
4062:Categories
3992:Pathognomy
3893:well-being
3809:and gender
3804:expression
3799:exhaustion
3784:detachment
3769:competence
3750:Emotional
3732:regulation
3715:perception
3710:in animals
3660:and memory
3596:Affective
3504:Worldviews
3366:melancholy
3351:Resentment
3221:Loneliness
3196:Irritation
3181:Insecurity
3171:Indulgence
3046:Excitement
3031:Enthusiasm
2964:Depression
2924:Confidence
2919:Compassion
2894:Attraction
2819:Admiration
2814:Acceptance
2684:Moralistic
2618:Sealioning
2612:Ad nauseam
2539:Ipse dixit
2451:Ad hominem
2275:Regression
2077:Ecological
1890:Four terms
1808:Masked man
1579:Half-truth
1484:Censorship
1428:Ad hominem
1370:2022-11-19
1281:2022-11-19
1199:Dan Ariely
1179:2014-11-28
1158:Dan Ariely
1146:Dan Ariely
1126:2014-11-28
1105:Dan Ariely
681:Propaganda
668:Propaganda
569:6 November
540:References
433:Dan Ariely
416:compassion
252:ad baculum
88:fallacious
4020:appraisal
3960:sociology
3911:Emotions
3883:symbiosis
3868:reasoning
3838:isolation
3779:contagion
3764:blackmail
3690:expressed
3685:evolution
3675:and sleep
3665:and music
3600:computing
3547:Reclusion
3542:Pessimism
3517:Defeatism
3447:Suffering
3393:Sehnsucht
3336:Rejection
3287:self-pity
3262:Nostalgia
3231:limerence
3201:Isolation
3139:Hostility
3096:Happiness
3076:Gratitude
3021:Emptiness
3004:vicarious
2954:Curiosity
2929:Confusion
2869:Annoyance
2849:Amusement
2839:Agitation
2834:Affection
2829:Aesthetic
2824:Adoration
2725:Straw man
2603:Arguments
2592:fallacies
2566:Tradition
2556:Etymology
2528:Authority
2509:Tu quoque
2493:Bulverism
2263:Gambler's
2232:Animistic
2176:Ambiguity
2142:Base rate
1885:Necessity
1757:fallacies
1589:Ideograph
1544:Fake news
1253:239889334
1237:2352-250X
585:Rhetorica
522:Fake news
265:systems.
200:cognition
100:Aristotle
3878:security
3858:literacy
3843:lability
3833:intimacy
3774:conflict
3754:aperture
3651:Emotion
3635:negative
3630:positive
3620:spectrum
3585:measures
3537:Optimism
3532:Nihilism
3522:Fatalism
3512:Cynicism
3457:Sympathy
3452:Surprise
3294:Pleasure
3216:Kindness
3206:Jealousy
3191:Interest
3158:Hysteria
3041:Euphoria
2984:Distrust
2934:Contempt
2914:Calmness
2806:Emotions
2793:Emotions
2751:Category
2383:Ridicule
2368:Flattery
2358:Children
2255:Post hoc
2135:McNamara
2097:Accident
2072:Division
1919:Informal
1609:Newspeak
1474:Buzzword
1245:34695643
1188:cite web
1135:cite web
1055:Archived
622:Seneca,
587:I, II.5.
511:See also
487:Examples
420:empathic
269:Research
263:doxastic
204:behavior
105:Rhetoric
41:evidence
4048:Italics
4011:Theory
3967:Feeling
3920:history
3905:bounded
3863:prosody
3670:and sex
3655:and art
3615:science
3571:Affect
3565:Related
3440:chronic
3415:Shyness
3375:Saudade
3361:Sadness
3356:Revenge
3346:Remorse
3277:Passion
3267:Outrage
3257:Neglect
3117:Hiraeth
3016:Empathy
2994:Ecstasy
2979:Disgust
2949:Cruelty
2944:Courage
2909:Boredom
2889:Arousal
2879:Anxiety
2864:Anguish
2570:Novelty
2545:Poverty
2407:Loyalty
2373:Novelty
2350:Emotion
2299:Appeals
2268:Inverse
2248:Cum hoc
2237:Furtive
1755:Common
1599:Lawfare
1564:Framing
1459:Big lie
1074:3617220
1021:18 July
399:Disgust
394:Disgust
376:Sadness
371:Sadness
38:factual
4015:affect
3997:Pathos
3950:social
3794:eating
3467:Wonder
3435:Stress
3425:Sorrow
3341:Relief
3331:Regret
3319:vanity
3314:insult
3309:hubris
3164:Ikigai
3134:Horror
3110:Hatred
2969:Desire
2959:Defeat
2884:Apathy
2655:Cliché
2590:Other
2561:Nature
2549:Wealth
2184:Accent
1770:Formal
1694:Slogan
1361:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1168:iTunes
1115:iTunes
1072:
624:De Ira
465:Relief
386:, and
228:threat
196:affect
71:, and
3940:moral
3848:labor
3700:group
3479:Worry
3462:Trust
3430:Spite
3410:Shock
3405:Shame
3299:Pride
3272:Panic
3151:Hygge
3091:Guilt
3086:Grief
3081:Greed
3051:Faith
2989:Doubt
2859:Angst
2854:Anger
2844:Agony
2417:Spite
2311:Stone
1684:Senbu
1249:S2CID
455:pride
449:Pride
361:Anger
356:Anger
349:Guilt
344:Guilt
119:proof
3759:bias
3744:work
3326:Rage
3282:Pity
3243:Lust
3226:Love
3129:Hope
3061:Flow
3056:Fear
3036:Envy
2797:list
2503:Tone
2378:Pity
2363:Fear
1761:list
1699:Spin
1359:ISBN
1303:help
1241:PMID
1233:ISSN
1194:link
1141:link
1023:2020
571:2014
480:hope
474:Hope
380:AIDS
325:fear
202:and
3211:Joy
2899:Awe
1822:In
1778:In
1351:doi
1272:doi
1225:doi
1070:PMC
1063:doi
1015:CNN
22:or
4064::
2686:/
2568:/
2547:/
2395:/
2313:/
2144:/
2007:/
2003:/
1982:/
1357:,
1345:,
1324:^
1294::
1292:}}
1288:{{
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174:…
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