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The region's local human population is under increasing pressure due to the arrival of refugees from drought-stricken and tribal conflict areas. This has led to a transition from nomadic pastoralism to permanent cultivation, posing a significant threat to the species. Moreover, the development of a
414:
Historical land use by refugees in the Liben lark's original grassland site in
Somalia led to the loss of essential grasses. Though the refugees have departed, intensive farming, grazing, and habitat disruption continue. Settlements, fires, and invasive species exacerbate habitat loss, threatening
410:
The Liben lark's habitat continues to degrade, possibly due to overgrazing and the conversion of grassland into cultivated land. Between 2010 and 2011, a significant portion of grassland on the northern side of the Liben Plain was lost to agriculture. While a military training area was previously
364:
and rocky country, vegetated with tussocky perennial grasses and having an annual rainfall of 300–400 mm (12–16 in). The total area in which Liben lark can be found is estimated to be only 52 km (20 sq mi), largely in
Ethiopia. The birds have not been recorded from the
327:
The Liben lark is about 14 cm (5.5 in) long, with a relatively large head and short, plump body. It has buff underparts with a streaky breast. Its plumage is predominantly brown and reddish brown. It has a short, thin tail which is brown with white outer feathers. The call is unknown.
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The population is estimated to number 50–250 mature individuals, based on a lack of confirmed sightings despite several searches having been conducted since 1955 in
Somalia and Ethiopia. One of the last possible sightings of the bird was in Ethiopia in 2003. The species was declared
674:
Paul F. Donald, Graeme M. Buchanan, Nigel J. Collar, Yilma
Dellelegn Abebe, Merid N. Gabremichael, M. A. Kiragu Mwangi, Paul Kariuki Ndang'ang'a, Claire N. Spottiswoode and Mengistu Wondafrash (2010). Rapid declines in habitat quality and population size of the Liben (Sidamo) Lark
309:
respectively. Some authorities have also considered Archer's lark to be a subspecies of Rudd's lark. The alternate name "Somali lark" is more commonly used by the species of the same name,
389:
group had a sighting of a bird that may have been a Liben lark in north-eastern
Ethiopia. They were able to get a photograph which is being studied to confirm the observation.
319:. Other alternate names for the Liben lark include Archer's long-clawed lark, Ethiopian long-clawed lark, Sidamo bushlark, Sidamo long-clawed lark and Somali long-clawed lark.
301:), but since 2014 has been considered conspecific with the Liben lark. Note that the alternate names "long-clawed lark" and "Sidamo lark" are also used as alternate names by
411:
considered a potential threat, it was abandoned by July 2005. Nevertheless, concerns persist regarding environmental changes, including drought and rising temperatures.
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Human activities in the Negele plateau are causing the loss of crucial grassland habitat for the Liben lark. These activities include the encroachment of
336:
The birds are largely terrestrial and their behaviour is cryptic. Though quite capable of flight, they often prefer to conceal themselves in vegetation.
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clay plains on the border of
Ethiopia and Somalia since 1922. Due to habitat loss, Archer's lark has not been found in Somalia, since at least 1970.
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watering point in the core of the species' range has led to livestock concentration, causing habitat disturbance, overgrazing, and trampling.
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bushes. The enforcement of fire suppression measures since the 1980s may have worsened this issue by reducing available grassland.
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710:"Rockjumper - Worldwide Birding Adventures: Significant Ethiopian Discovery - Heteromirafra Larks by David Hoddinott"
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Formerly, the Liben lark has been considered by some authorities as belonging to the genus
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in 2005 and a conversation program to restore and protect grasslands has been initiated.
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necessitate immediate conservation action. Bird
Conservation International, 20, pp 112
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647:"Birds to Find: A Review of ‘lost’, Obscure and Poorly Known African Bird Species."
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Its diet is likely to consist of seeds and small invertebrates, including worms.
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660:"Archer's Lark Grasslands in Somalia Invaded by Noxious Parthenium Weed"
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293:. The Sidamo lark was previously considered as a separate species (as
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Whose Bird? Men and Women
Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds
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297:) and by some authorities as a subspecies of Liben lark (as
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commemorate the
British explorer and colonial official Sir
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Nests have been found in summer. Clutch-size is three.
695:"Archer's Lark." Species2011S. Web. 25 Oct. 2012. <
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470:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T84543703A131105923.en
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599:"Species 4.1 to 4.4 « IOC World Bird List"
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962:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
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263:and subtropical or tropical dry lowland
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536:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 29.
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982:Taxa named by Stephenson Robert Clarke
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712:. 16 May 2011. Retrieved 25 Oct. 2012.
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532:Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003).
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575:"Heteromirafra sidamoensis - Avibase"
360:The bird's preferred habitat is open
697:http://species2011s.wikispaces.com/4
315:, but also as an alternate name for
501:"Liben Lark ('Heteromirafra archeri
456:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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649:Bull ABC, 2007. Web. 22 Oct. 2012.
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14:
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551:"Heteromirafra archeri - Avibase"
385:In 2011, David Hoddinott and his
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445:BirdLife International (2018).
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1:
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271:. The bird's common name and
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7:
972:Birds of the Horn of Africa
662:. Retrieved 25 October 2012
658:Birding Africa, June 2010.
623:"Mirafra sharpii - Avibase"
415:the Liben lark's survival.
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204:Heteromirafra ruddi archeri
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685:10.1017/S0959270910000018
677:Heteromirafra sidamoensis
463:: e.T84543703A131105923.
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61:Scientific classification
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356:Distribution and habitat
283:Taxonomy and systematics
977:Birds described in 1920
373:Status and conservation
277:Geoffrey Francis Archer
731:BirdLife International
603:www.worldbirdnames.org
509:BirdLife International
267:. It is threatened by
939:Heteromirafra-archeri
782:Heteromirafra archeri
752:Heteromirafra archeri
449:Heteromirafra archeri
380:critically endangered
227:), also known as the
224:Heteromirafra archeri
170:Heteromirafra archeri
46:Critically Endangered
400:Acacia drepanolobium
727:"Species factsheet"
708:Rock Jumping Team.
627:avibase.bsc-eoc.org
579:avibase.bsc-eoc.org
555:avibase.bsc-eoc.org
31:Conservation status
645:Butchart, Stuart.
231:, is a species of
24:Archer's lark
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921:Open Tree of Life
744:Taxon identifiers
699:Archer's Lark>
299:H. a. sidamoensis
239:. It is found in
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161:Binomial name
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139:Heteromirafra
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856:iNaturalist
776:Wikispecies
514:15 November
476:13 November
323:Description
307:Degodi lark
303:Rudd's lark
253:subtropical
956:Categories
934:Xeno-canto
632:2016-11-29
608:2016-11-20
584:2016-11-21
560:2016-11-21
419:References
362:grasslands
229:Liben lark
332:Behaviour
265:grassland
261:shrubland
237:Alaudidae
146:Species:
128:Alaudidae
84:Kingdom:
78:Eukaryota
900:84543703
874:10591367
796:84543703
791:BirdLife
761:Wikidata
340:Breeding
273:binomial
257:tropical
249:habitats
245:Ethiopia
195:Synonyms
124:Family:
98:Chordata
94:Phylum:
88:Animalia
74:Domain:
51:IUCN 3.1
926:3597581
913:1365150
848:2490704
835:liblar1
809:liblar1
767:Q167833
393:Threats
367:Wajaale
348:Feeding
290:Mirafra
241:Somalia
134:Genus:
114:Order:
104:Class:
49: (
887:560425
179:, 1920
177:Clarke
869:IRMNG
830:eBird
822:6M58M
908:NCBI
895:IUCN
882:ITIS
861:7380
843:GBIF
516:2019
478:2021
461:2018
305:and
259:dry
251:are
243:and
233:lark
108:Aves
817:CoL
804:BOW
681:doi
465:doi
255:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
