848:
1949:
2595:
2362:
2464:
681:. Amongst other factors, the ESA is reportedly keen to maximise the potential commonalities between the Ariane 6 and Vega launchers. During January 2016, the basic design was finalized, advancing the work into the detailed design and production phases. On 6 May 2019, Arianespace ordered the first production batch of 14 Ariane 6 launchers; these are intended for missions to be conducted between 2022 and 2025. Ariane 6 first launched on 9 July 2024.
2815:
555:
795:
809:
2606:
2374:
823:
733:, being responsible for development, manufacture, system support, and end-of-life disposal of the missiles, in addition to delivering both the land-based operating infrastructure and the submarine-based command and control systems. During May 2016, Airbus and Safran announced an agreement for ArianeGroup to undertake modification work to upgrade the M51 to the M51.3 standard.
760:
for spacecraft propulsion. The centre supplies complete propulsion systems, subsystems and component parts for satellites, orbital spacecraft, interplanetary spacecraft, re-entry vehicles, resupply missions to the
International Space Station and currently the NASA / ESA Orion European Service Module.
536:
for the first development phase. The program objective is to be able to demonstrate to
European governments by 2022 a range of technologies needed to meet European reusable rocket technology needs such that competitive launcher options could be developed in Europe to compete in the 2030s
29:
1050:
696:
In 2021, French company, MaiaSpace, was founded. A subsidiary of ArianeGroup, its purpose is to develop a small reusable launch vehicle as soon as 2026. The launch vehicle, named Maia, is planned to be capable of carrying 500-kilogram payloads to
1010:
European space-hardware builders Airbus and Safran have proposed that the French and
European space agencies scrap much of their previous 18 months' work on a next-generation Ariane 6 rocket in favor of a design that includes much more liquid
512:
than traditional Ariane projects, and was intended to explicitly be open to "new players and internationally." By
September 2019, the results from two low-cost demonstrators were expected soon, and a more robust flight demonstrator called
414:
published a scathing article, questioning whether Airbus could deliver on the promised costs for their Ariane 6 proposal, and whether Airbus and Safran Group could be trusted when they were found to be responsible for a failure of
1113:
658:, its parent ArianeGroup is the primary contractor for the manufacture of this launcher. It has also been responsible for enhancements and further development of the platform; one project, known as the Ariane 5
1090:
1171:
1719:
709:, and similarly to SpaceX, Maia will use landing legs to land on either a floating landing platform or a landing pad on land. The Maia rocket will be launched from Europe's
1670:
1618:
1354:
1067:
1429:
423:
in 2013. The companies were also criticized for being unwilling to incur development risks, and asking for higher initial funding than originally planned -
1224:
2857:
1250:
1167:
761:
The majority of ESA satellites and spacecraft have reportedly incorporated thruster or other components that have been produced at
Lampoldshausen.
688:, a partially reusable launcher that should succeed Ariane 6 from the 2030s. The objective of this reusable launcher is to halve the launch costs.
459:
593:(LEO). According to Arianespace, at the time of its establishment in 1980, it was the world's first launch services company. By early 1986, the
2291:
2867:
740:
glide vehicle under the project V-Max. Forecast for delivery during 2021, its delivery shall make France the second
European nation after
243:
rocket, that had more than 110 launches. The new vehicle offers two variants that will be capable of carrying between 10,350 and 21,650
1727:
1461:
408:'s space industry, which led to the creation of ArianeGroup, generated both close scrutiny and a level of controversy. French newspaper
2842:
666:) was underway until late 2014, at which point the ESA halted funding for development to instead prioritize work on the new generation
1749:
2730:
994:
1328:
2378:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
1527:"Stéphane Israël, Arianespace: ordered first production batch of 14 Ariane 6 rockets yesterday for missions in 2021-23. #SATShow"
525:
1380:
2862:
2837:
532:
contracted with ArianeGroup in
December 2020 to build the Themis resusable rocket stage demonstrator, and provided an initial
235:. It consists of three core groups: aerospace, defence, and security. ArianeGroup has developed its next-generation two-stage
2434:
967:
1477:
1407:
726:
269:
1768:
517:
was projected to one day make use of some parts of the earlier demonstration projects and would use the larger reusable
1823:
756:, a division of the ArianeGroup, is located in Lampoldshausen, Germany. The Lampoldshausen facility is the European
2643:
2412:
1852:
452:
1557:
1350:
2366:
2317:
1436:
538:
1199:
508:
ones, which included teams from both companies working "under one roof." The joint operation was to have a more
2852:
443:
offerings. A review was performed by the French government, focusing upon the company's tax affairs, while the
1796:
701:. It will use an unknown number of the already developed Prometheus engine. The rocket design is similar to
326:
during the 2010s, as well as the space manufacturing aligned interests of two
European aerospace companies,
2580:
586:
1760:
928:
906:
1645:
1592:
1254:
2338:
633:
518:
2692:
753:
621:
323:
677:(ESA) appointed Airbus Safran Launchers as the principal contractor with the new development of the
362:
276:
2488:
2448:
2190:
582:
327:
160:
2677:
2235:
2203:
2054:
2038:
770:
482:
2797:
2699:
2549:
2307:
2028:
1861:
578:
505:
2847:
2478:
2259:
2033:
1293:
1285:
780:
698:
674:
335:
57:
1742:
1324:
2872:
2636:
2405:
1845:
1530:
1116:[Ariane 6 privatized: how Airbus and Safran negotiate the "heist of the century"].
995:"Airbus and Safran Propose New Ariane 6 Design, Reorganization of Europe's Rocket Industry"
836:
757:
605:
derivates, had become the dominant launcher on the global market. Since then, the improved
475:
448:
266:
1500:
1142:
1024:
462:
remained as chair of ArianeGroup, and the group was producing three existing rockets: the
455:, was put into the position of purchasing launches upon launchers manufactured by itself.
8:
2771:
2322:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
1963:
1114:"Privatisation d'Ariane 6 : comment Airbus et Safran négocient le "casse du siècle""
950:
710:
644:
490:
444:
354:
228:
2751:
2503:
2463:
2453:
884:
872:
800:
1526:
2814:
2792:
2430:
1819:
1753:
1376:
637:
509:
338:(ESA) with its own proposal for the Ariane 6 programme, the establishment of a 50/50
2682:
416:
361:. At the time of formation, ArianeGroup's principal sites were Issy-les-Moulineaux,
2714:
2666:
2518:
1566:
828:
514:
342:
to develop the rocket, which would also involve buying out the French government's
2539:
2629:
2599:
2544:
2513:
2398:
2343:
2215:
1838:
971:
590:
319:
The formation of ArianeGroup is closely connected to both the development of the
2565:
2195:
1403:
1225:"ESA Contracts ArianeGroup To Develop Themis Reusable Rocket Stage Demonstrator"
2761:
2610:
2312:
2210:
852:
625:
478:
471:
382:
296:
1251:"Arianespace was founded in 1980 as the world's first launch services company"
275:
As of 2016, ArianeGroup's principal sites are located in Issy-les-Moulineaux,
258:, is tasked with developing next-generation technologies such as the reusable
2831:
2818:
2687:
2493:
847:
814:
722:
648:
640:
521:
467:
420:
339:
263:
254:
acts as the launch service provider for them. Meanwhile, another subsidiary,
216:
47:
1570:
2756:
2746:
2483:
1696:
1168:"As the SpaceX steamroller surges, European rocket industry vows to resist"
370:
284:
1200:"Europe's ArianeWorks Aims for Reusable Rockets (with a Very SpaceX Look)"
2766:
2709:
2671:
2243:
1898:
1830:
730:
685:
574:
378:
347:
292:
255:
251:
250:
If the company's task is to develop and manufacture the launch vehicles,
150:
1068:"Airbus and Safran Pick Leadership for New Joint Venture Launch Company"
736:
During
January 2019, it was announced that ArianeGroup was developing a
1671:"Spatial: la France fait (enfin) le grand saut du lanceur réutilisable"
1619:"Spatial: la France fait (enfin) le grand saut du lanceur réutilisable"
1522:
1118:
737:
570:
410:
374:
288:
142:
496:
By
February 2019, Ariane Group and the French government space agency
397:. In mid 2014, the joint venture partners named Alain Charmeau as its
2498:
1948:
390:
304:
208:
524:. The Themis prototype was to be built by Paris prototyping company
353:
The company was established on 1 January 2015, with headquarters in
2802:
2508:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1882:
1559:
Ariane Next, a vision for a reusable cost efficient European rocket
1146:
1029:
706:
678:
667:
655:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
554:
486:
463:
320:
244:
240:
236:
1782:
1542:
629:
394:
308:
2652:
2523:
2421:
2008:
1968:
1091:"Faut-il donner toutes les clés d'Ariane 6 a Airbus et Safran?"
1051:"Press Release. Airbus Group und Safran grĂĽnden Joint Venture".
741:
702:
440:
405:
386:
366:
331:
300:
280:
262:
rocket booster. ArianeGroup also notably manufactures France's
224:
220:
212:
165:
121:
115:
1565:. 8th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences.
28:
2704:
2225:
2220:
2023:
2018:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1750:"Race for 'hypersonic' weapons heats up as France joins fray"
358:
232:
155:
86:
617:
launchers have been successfully introduced by Arianespace.
179:
2575:
2264:
2013:
1462:"IN FOCUS: Europe's next rocket has high hurdles to clear".
775:
497:
343:
99:
577:, operates and markets commercial launch services for the
227:, the company was founded in 2015 and is headquartered in
2621:
2390:
1720:"Airbus and Safran Agree to Space Launcher Joint Venture"
1082:
529:
398:
1430:"Airbus Safran Launchers: a highly promising first year"
489:, and building a massive new launch pad facility at the
247:. The first launch of Ariane 6 occurred on July 9 2024.
1377:"ESA signs contract for Ariane 5 rocket enhancements"
1105:
334:. During June 2014, Airbus and Safran approached the
1783:"Orbital Propulsion Centre, Lampoldshausen, Germany"
790:
500:began work on a new "acceleration platform" called
1555:
2829:
1646:"ArianeGroup is launching MaiaSpace - JEC Group"
1593:"ArianeGroup is launching MaiaSpace - JEC Group"
1478:"Ariane 6 design finalized, set for 2020 launch"
1056:, 3 December 2014. Retrieved on 8 February 2016.
962:
960:
1816:Europe's Space Programme: To Ariane and Beyond.
1243:
1217:
1016:
654:While Arianespace handled the operation of the
1769:"Now France Wants Hypersonic Missiles by 2021"
1501:"Europe settles on design for Ariane 6 rocket"
1193:
1191:
1189:
624:, Arianespace also has a portfolio of smaller
401:and Marc Ventre as the Chairman of the Board.
2637:
2406:
1846:
1818:Springer Science & Business Media, 2003.
1044:
957:
747:
1134:
721:ArianeGroup is the prime contractor for the
439:for Ariane 6.2 did not compare favorably to
1395:
1186:
1160:
1065:
643:for lighter payloads. Arianespace uses the
2644:
2630:
2413:
2399:
1860:
1853:
1839:
1521:
1308:
1269:
992:
549:
27:
1556:Patureau de Mirand, Antoine (July 2019).
1343:
1317:
986:
404:The reorganization of a major portion of
2858:Technology companies established in 2015
1643:
1616:
1590:
846:
553:
447:conducted its own probe into a possible
1198:Howell, Elizabeth (10 September 2019).
1111:
1088:
744:to develop its own hypersonic weapons.
585:which is used to deliver payloads into
2830:
1435:(PDF). 28 January 2016. Archived from
1197:
2625:
2394:
1834:
1617:Lamigeon, Vincent (6 December 2021).
1383:from the original on 25 December 2009
1331:from the original on 12 February 2011
565:(right) in development by ArianeGroup
451:if Airbus, which is also active as a
2731:Musée aéronautique et spatial Safran
2605:
2373:
1766:
1717:
1498:
1401:
1140:
1025:"Ariane 6: Customers call the shots"
1022:
727:submarine-launched ballistic missile
504:to develop new launchers, including
270:submarine-launched ballistic missile
239:launch vehicle, which succeeded the
1711:
1357:from the original on 6 October 2014
929:"Our main facilities and locations"
13:
1663:
1499:Amos, Jonathan (28 January 2016).
1143:"Ariane 6 project 'in good shape'"
993:de Selding, Peter (20 June 2014).
14:
2884:
2843:Airbus subsidiaries and divisions
1767:Peck, Michael (4 February 2019).
1253:. arianespace.com. Archived from
1174:from the original on 20 July 2018
764:
2868:Companies based in ĂŽle-de-France
2813:
2604:
2594:
2593:
2462:
2372:
2361:
2360:
1947:
1797:"Spacecraft Propulsion Heritage"
1410:from the original on 30 May 2015
821:
807:
793:
1807:
1789:
1775:
1689:
1637:
1610:
1584:
1549:
1515:
1492:
1470:
1454:
1422:
1369:
1278:
1141:Amos, Jonathan (7 April 2016).
1112:Cabirol, Michel (7 July 2014).
1089:Cabirol, Michel (7 July 2014).
1059:
684:ArianeGroup is also developing
419:in 2002 and the failure of the
192:Footnotes / references
2581:Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA
1480:. Space Daily. 28 January 2016
1023:Amos, Jonathan (5 July 2014).
943:
921:
899:
877:
866:
1:
2863:2015 establishments in Europe
2838:Aerospace companies of France
842:
431:. Estimated launch prices of
1718:Tran, Pierre (10 May 2016).
1677:(in French). 6 December 2021
1402:Kyle, Ed (3 December 2014).
1066:Caleb Henry (31 July 2014).
859:
691:
587:geostationary transfer orbit
510:flexible working environment
7:
786:
716:
544:
10:
2889:
2651:
2420:
2339:Automated Transfer Vehicle
851:The ArianeGroup Chalet at
748:Orbital Propulsion Systems
713:in Kourou, French Guiana.
620:In addition to the Ariane
314:
16:European aerospace company
2811:
2780:
2739:
2723:
2693:Safran Helicopter Engines
2659:
2589:
2558:
2532:
2471:
2460:
2441:
2428:
2356:
2331:
2300:
2284:
2277:
2252:
2234:
2178:
2171:
2090:
2047:
2001:
1956:
1945:
1907:
1891:
1875:
1868:
1353:. European Space Agency.
1325:"Service & Solutions"
968:"Airbus Safran Launchers"
754:Orbital Propulsion Centre
651:as its main launch site.
190:
174:
141:
131:
108:
94:
81:
63:
53:
43:
35:
26:
2489:Airbus Helicopters, Inc.
1771:. The National Interest.
583:expendable launch system
161:Eurockot Launch Services
2678:Safran Aircraft Engines
2435:Competition with Boeing
2204:Safran Aircraft Engines
1799:. space-propulsion.com.
1785:. space-propulsion.com.
1644:SAINT-MARTIN, Thierry.
1591:SAINT-MARTIN, Thierry.
1571:10.13009/EUCASS2019-949
1406:. Space Launch Report.
1093:(in French). La Tribune
729:(SLBM) operated by the
673:On 12 August 2015, the
550:Orbital launch vehicles
205:Airbus Safran Launchers
39:Airbus Safran Launchers
2798:Europrop International
2700:Safran Landing Systems
1862:Ariane (rocket family)
1597:www.jeccomposites.com/
907:"Security and Defence"
856:
566:
453:satellite manufacturer
363:Saint-MĂ©dard-en-Jalles
277:Saint-MĂ©dard-en-Jalles
2853:Airbus joint ventures
2479:Airbus Corporate Jets
2260:European Space Agency
1351:"Adapted Ariane 5 ME"
1294:European Space Agency
850:
699:Sun-synchronous orbit
675:European Space Agency
636:alternative, and the
557:
421:M51 ballistic missile
381:in France as well as
336:European Space Agency
295:in France as well as
69:; 9 years ago
1465:Flight International
1314:Harvey 2003, p. 193.
1275:Harvey 2003, p. 172.
837:French space program
758:centre of excellence
705:'s reusable rocket,
579:Ariane rocket family
539:global launch market
528:. In the event, the
449:conflict of interest
67:January 1, 2015
2772:Philippe Petitcolin
1964:Guiana Space Centre
1467:, 27 November 2012.
1327:. arianespace.com.
1257:on 18 February 2008
645:Guiana Space Center
622:heavy-lift launcher
491:Guiana Space Centre
445:European Commission
435:for Ariane 6.1 and
417:Ariane 5 flight 517
355:Issy-les-Moulineaux
324:heavy-lift launcher
229:Issy-les-Moulineaux
133:Number of employees
23:
2752:Jean-Paul Herteman
2504:Dornier Consulting
1756:. 29 January 2019.
1730:on 15 January 2019
1650:jeccomposites.com/
1442:on 8 February 2016
1231:. 17 December 2020
951:"Nos actionnaires"
857:
801:Spaceflight portal
664:Mid-life Evolution
567:
21:
2825:
2824:
2793:CFM International
2619:
2618:
2449:Defence and Space
2388:
2387:
2352:
2351:
2273:
2272:
1943:
1942:
1754:The Straits Times
885:"Company profile"
597:, along with its
481:, while pursuing
211:company based in
198:
197:
2880:
2817:
2715:Zodiac Aerospace
2646:
2639:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2596:
2519:Stelia Aerospace
2466:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2392:
2391:
2376:
2375:
2364:
2363:
2282:
2281:
2200:
2176:
2175:
2055:List of launches
1972:
1951:
1873:
1872:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1832:
1831:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1726:. Archived from
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1641:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1564:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1474:
1468:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1441:
1434:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1195:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1170:. 20 July 2018.
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1063:
1057:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1005:
990:
984:
983:
981:
979:
974:on 21 March 2017
970:. Archived from
964:
955:
954:
947:
941:
940:
938:
936:
925:
919:
918:
916:
914:
903:
897:
896:
894:
892:
881:
875:
870:
831:
829:Companies portal
826:
825:
824:
817:
812:
811:
810:
803:
798:
797:
796:
711:Guiana Spaceport
628:, including the
535:
472:European version
438:
434:
430:
426:
369:(space center),
283:(space center),
186:
183:
181:
103:
77:
75:
70:
31:
24:
20:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2807:
2776:
2735:
2719:
2655:
2650:
2620:
2615:
2585:
2554:
2545:Guillaume Faury
2528:
2514:Premium AEROTEC
2467:
2458:
2437:
2424:
2419:
2389:
2384:
2348:
2327:
2296:
2269:
2248:
2236:Launch provider
2230:
2198:
2167:
2086:
2043:
1997:
1966:
1952:
1939:
1903:
1887:
1864:
1859:
1829:
1814:Harvey, Brian.
1810:
1805:
1804:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1765:
1761:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1733:
1731:
1724:defensenews.com
1716:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1626:
1615:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1573:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1536:
1534:
1520:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1497:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1460:Thisdell, Dan.
1459:
1455:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1208:
1206:
1196:
1187:
1177:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1123:
1110:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1070:. Via Satellite
1064:
1060:
1049:
1045:
1035:
1033:
1021:
1017:
1003:
1001:
991:
987:
977:
975:
966:
965:
958:
953:. 13 July 2022.
949:
948:
944:
934:
932:
927:
926:
922:
912:
910:
905:
904:
900:
890:
888:
883:
882:
878:
873:Company Profile
871:
867:
862:
845:
827:
822:
820:
813:
808:
806:
799:
794:
792:
789:
767:
750:
719:
694:
626:launch vehicles
591:low Earth orbit
552:
547:
533:
436:
432:
428:
424:
317:
194:
178:
170:
134:
127:
98:
90:
73:
71:
68:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2886:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2823:
2822:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2762:Maurice Mallet
2759:
2754:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2683:Gnome et RhĂ´ne
2675:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2626:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2602:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2370:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2240:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2211:Beyond Gravity
2208:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2182:
2180:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1892:In development
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1828:
1827:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1788:
1774:
1759:
1741:
1710:
1688:
1662:
1636:
1609:
1583:
1548:
1525:(7 May 2019).
1514:
1491:
1469:
1453:
1421:
1394:
1368:
1342:
1316:
1307:
1286:"Ariane 1,2,3"
1277:
1268:
1242:
1216:
1185:
1159:
1133:
1104:
1081:
1058:
1043:
1015:
985:
956:
942:
920:
898:
876:
864:
863:
861:
858:
853:Paris Air Show
844:
841:
840:
839:
833:
832:
818:
804:
788:
785:
784:
783:
778:
773:
766:
765:Rocket engines
763:
749:
746:
718:
715:
693:
690:
569:ArianeGroup's
551:
548:
546:
543:
460:Alain Charmeau
383:Lampoldshausen
316:
313:
297:Lampoldshausen
196:
195:
188:
187:
176:
172:
171:
169:
168:
163:
158:
153:
147:
145:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
126:
125:
119:
112:
110:
106:
105:
96:
92:
91:
85:
83:
79:
78:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2885:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2820:
2819:France portal
2816:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2688:Hispano-Suiza
2686:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2635:
2633:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2612:
2603:
2601:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:René Obermann
2538:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Airbus ProSky
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2402:
2397:
2396:
2393:
2381:
2380:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:Manufacturing
2177:
2174:
2172:Organizations
2170:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1825:
1824:1-8523-3722-2
1821:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1798:
1792:
1784:
1778:
1770:
1763:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1714:
1699:. ArianeGroup
1698:
1692:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1624:
1620:
1613:
1598:
1594:
1587:
1572:
1568:
1561:
1560:
1552:
1544:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1502:
1495:
1479:
1473:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1438:
1431:
1425:
1409:
1405:
1398:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1311:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1272:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1230:
1226:
1220:
1205:
1201:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1173:
1169:
1163:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1108:
1092:
1085:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1047:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1000:
996:
989:
973:
969:
963:
961:
952:
946:
931:. ArianeGroup
930:
924:
909:. ArianeGroup
908:
902:
887:. ArianeGroup
886:
880:
874:
869:
865:
854:
849:
838:
835:
834:
830:
819:
816:
815:France portal
805:
802:
791:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
768:
762:
759:
755:
745:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
724:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
689:
687:
682:
680:
676:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
649:French Guiana
646:
642:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
564:
560:
556:
542:
540:
531:
527:
523:
522:rocket engine
520:
516:
511:
507:
503:
499:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
422:
418:
413:
412:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
345:
341:
340:joint venture
337:
333:
329:
325:
322:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
271:
268:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
217:joint venture
214:
210:
206:
202:
193:
189:
185:
177:
173:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
148:
146:
144:
140:
136:
130:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
111:
107:
101:
97:
93:
88:
84:
80:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
49:
48:Joint venture
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
2848:Safran Group
2787:
2757:Ross McInnes
2747:Marc Birkigt
2660:Subsidiaries
2570:
2566:AĂ©rospatiale
2484:Airbus Group
2472:Subsidiaries
2377:
2365:
2216:MT Aerospace
2196:AĂ©rospatiale
2191:Airbus Space
2185:
1957:Launch sites
1815:
1808:Bibliography
1791:
1777:
1762:
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1728:the original
1723:
1713:
1701:. Retrieved
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1674:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1649:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1622:
1612:
1600:. Retrieved
1596:
1586:
1574:. Retrieved
1558:
1551:
1541:– via
1535:. Retrieved
1517:
1505:. Retrieved
1494:
1482:. Retrieved
1472:
1464:
1456:
1444:. Retrieved
1437:the original
1424:
1412:. Retrieved
1397:
1385:. Retrieved
1371:
1359:. Retrieved
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1319:
1310:
1300:28 September
1298:. Retrieved
1296:. 3 May 2004
1289:
1280:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1255:the original
1245:
1233:. Retrieved
1228:
1219:
1207:. Retrieved
1203:
1176:. Retrieved
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1136:
1124:. Retrieved
1117:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1084:
1072:. Retrieved
1061:
1054:Airbus Group
1053:
1046:
1034:. Retrieved
1028:
1018:
1009:
1002:. Retrieved
998:
988:
976:. Retrieved
972:the original
945:
933:. Retrieved
923:
911:. Retrieved
901:
889:. Retrieved
879:
868:
751:
735:
720:
695:
683:
672:
663:
659:
653:
638:solid-fueled
619:
568:
562:
558:
501:
495:
458:As of 2018,
457:
429:€2.3 billion
425:€2.6 billion
409:
403:
352:
346:interest in
318:
274:
259:
249:
204:
200:
199:
191:
143:Subsidiaries
137:8,000 (2023)
82:Headquarters
44:Company type
18:
2873:ArianeGroup
2788:ArianeGroup
2767:Francis Mer
2710:SMA Engines
2672:OEMServices
2571:ArianeGroup
2454:Helicopters
2313:Ariane 5 ME
2244:Arianespace
2186:ArianeGroup
1899:Ariane Next
1625:(in French)
1523:@jeff_foust
1387:22 December
1335:15 February
1122:(in French)
1011:propulsion.
731:French Navy
686:Ariane Next
634:medium-lift
575:Arianespace
561:(left) and
534:€33 million
502:ArianeWorks
483:development
437:€69 million
433:€85 million
427:instead of
379:Les Mureaux
348:Arianespace
293:Les Mureaux
256:ArianeWorks
252:Arianespace
201:ArianeGroup
151:Arianespace
102:3.1 billion
22:ArianeGroup
2832:Categories
2559:Precursors
2550:John Leahy
2379:Multimedia
1681:29 January
1675:Challenges
1655:29 January
1629:29 January
1623:Challenges
1602:29 January
1507:30 January
1503:. BBC News
1484:30 January
1446:8 February
1404:"Ariane 6"
1119:La Tribune
999:Space News
978:9 February
843:References
738:hypersonic
670:launcher.
571:subsidiary
519:Prometheus
411:La Tribune
375:Le Haillan
289:Le Haillan
203:(formerly
74:2015-01-01
2499:Airbus UK
2442:Divisions
2301:Cancelled
2285:Proposals
2080:2020–2029
2075:2010–2019
2070:2000–2009
2065:1990–1999
2060:1979–1989
1576:18 August
1235:4 January
1209:4 January
1204:SPACE.com
860:Citations
692:MaiaSpace
589:(GTO) or
563:Ariane 64
559:Ariane 62
391:Ottobrunn
305:Ottobrunn
245:kilograms
209:aerospace
58:Aerospace
2803:PowerJet
2600:Category
2509:Helibras
2367:Category
2199:(merged)
2048:Launches
1935:Ariane 5
1930:Ariane 4
1925:Ariane 3
1920:Ariane 2
1915:Ariane 1
1883:Ariane 6
1408:Archived
1381:Archived
1355:Archived
1329:Archived
1290:Ariane 1
1172:Archived
1147:BBC News
1126:5 August
1097:5 August
1030:BBC News
787:See also
717:Missiles
707:Falcon 9
679:Ariane 6
668:Ariane 6
656:Ariane 5
615:Ariane 6
611:Ariane 5
607:Ariane 4
603:Ariane 3
599:Ariane 2
595:Ariane 1
545:Products
506:reusable
487:Ariane 6
470:, and a
464:Ariane 5
321:Ariane 6
241:Ariane 5
237:Ariane 6
219:between
207:) is an
89:, France
54:Industry
36:Formerly
2781:Related
2611:Commons
2431:History
2332:Retired
2308:Adeline
2278:Related
2253:Related
2091:Flights
2039:Vulcain
2002:Engines
1908:Retired
1876:Current
1869:Rockets
1703:5 April
1543:Twitter
1414:17 July
1361:23 July
1261:7 March
1229:satnews
1178:28 June
1152:7 April
1074:9 April
935:23 June
913:23 June
891:23 June
771:Vulcain
630:Soyuz-2
485:of the
476:Russian
474:of the
395:Germany
315:History
309:Germany
267:nuclear
182:.ariane
175:Website
95:Revenue
72: (
64:Founded
2740:People
2724:Museum
2667:Morpho
2653:Safran
2609:
2598:
2533:People
2524:Testia
2422:Airbus
2344:Europa
2323:Hermes
2029:Viking
2009:Aestus
1969:Kourou
1822:
1734:9 July
1036:6 June
1004:6 June
742:Russia
703:SpaceX
515:Themis
441:SpaceX
406:Europe
387:Bremen
371:Vernon
367:Kourou
332:Safran
328:Airbus
301:Bremen
285:Vernon
281:Kourou
260:Themis
225:Safran
221:Airbus
213:France
184:.group
166:Sodern
122:Safran
116:Airbus
109:Owners
104:(2021)
2705:SAGEM
2674:(25%)
2318:DC4EU
2292:SUSIE
2226:Nammo
2221:SABCA
2163:VA262
2158:VA256
2153:VA255
2148:VA254
2143:VA253
2138:VA248
2133:VA247
2128:VA246
2123:VA245
2118:VA243
2113:VA244
2108:VA242
2103:VA241
2098:VA240
2034:Vinci
2024:P160C
2019:P120C
1991:ELA-4
1986:ELA-3
1981:ELA-2
1976:ELA-1
1697:"M51"
1563:(PDF)
1537:7 May
1531:Tweet
1440:(PDF)
1433:(PDF)
781:Vinci
632:as a
581:, an
526:MyCTO
479:Soyuz
359:Paris
357:near
233:Paris
231:near
156:CILAS
124:(50%)
118:(50%)
87:Paris
2576:DASA
2265:CNES
2014:HM7B
1820:ISBN
1736:2017
1705:2020
1683:2022
1657:2022
1631:2022
1604:2022
1578:2021
1539:2019
1509:2016
1486:2016
1448:2016
1416:2015
1389:2009
1363:2014
1337:2011
1302:2009
1263:2008
1237:2021
1211:2021
1180:2020
1154:2016
1128:2014
1099:2014
1076:2023
1038:2015
1006:2015
980:2016
937:2017
915:2017
893:2017
855:2017
776:HM7B
752:The
725:, a
641:Vega
613:and
601:and
498:CNES
468:Vega
389:and
377:and
344:CNES
330:and
303:and
291:and
223:and
215:. A
1567:doi
723:M51
647:in
530:ESA
399:CEO
393:in
307:in
264:M51
180:www
2834::
2433:,
1752:.
1722:.
1673:.
1648:.
1621:.
1595:.
1379:.
1292:.
1288:.
1227:.
1202:.
1188:^
1145:.
1027:.
1008:.
997:.
959:^
660:ME
609:,
573:,
541:.
493:.
466:,
385:,
373:,
365:,
350:.
311:.
299:,
287:,
279:,
272:.
2645:e
2638:t
2631:v
2414:e
2407:t
2400:v
1971:)
1967:(
1854:e
1847:t
1840:v
1826:.
1738:.
1707:.
1685:.
1659:.
1633:.
1606:.
1580:.
1569::
1545:.
1533:)
1529:(
1511:.
1488:.
1450:.
1418:.
1391:.
1365:.
1339:.
1304:.
1265:.
1239:.
1213:.
1182:.
1156:.
1130:.
1101:.
1078:.
1040:.
982:.
939:.
917:.
895:.
662:(
100:€
76:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.