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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections

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36: 1250:. On Tuesday, January 4, Trump tweeted that "the briefing was delayed until Friday", even though no briefing had been scheduled for Tuesday, and he insinuated that information was being withheld from him. After being briefed, Trump called the meeting "constructive" but Comey would later claim that Trump's reaction had disturbed him, compelling him to document the conversation in a memo. The next day, Trump issued a statement claiming "Intelligence stated very strongly there was absolutely no evidence that hacking affected the election results," which some have called a contradiction of the report's insistence that it had not undertaken an analysis of the effect of Russia's influence campaign on voters and public opinion. However, the report also indicates that Russian actions were limited to influence and propaganda, not the voting process itself. 1208: 107: 1295: 937:(ODNI), the independent agency charged with overseeing and integrating the US Intelligence Community, released a statement expressing confidence that the Russian government was attempting to influence the upcoming election. The statement accused Russia of hacking and disseminating e-mails, and probing election databases, reading "We believe, based on the scope and sensitivity of these efforts, that only Russia's senior-most officials could have authorized these activities." One month after the election, on December 9, outgoing President 2184: 1136:, labeling the US's electoral system as "undemocratic" and encouraged Americans to revolt and "take this government back." During the 2012 election, RT ran a multitude of segments alleging voter machine vulnerabilities, widespread voter fraud, and aired two new shows which overtly criticized the United States and the Western institutions while promoting "radical content." 1093:, and a web of Internet trolls consistently praised candidate-Trump while providing negative coverage of his opponent, Clinton. The media outlets targeted US domestic audiences using English language mediums to portray candidate-Trump in a positive light and disparage US media coverage of him as prejudiced and motivated by their commitment to the American 1194:
in Russia from 2011 to 2012 as well as remarks by Clinton that Putin held were maligning. According to the report, when a Clinton victory appeared likely, Russia shifted its strategy from aiding Trump's candidacy to sabotaging Clinton's legitimacy, and questioning the trustworthiness of the election.
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and bots, and an intensive media campaign to influence public opinion in the United States. Additionally, it analyzes Russia's intentions and motivations in regards to their influence campaign. Issued in two forms, a classified version and a declassified version, the report drew its conclusions based
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directed intelligence agencies to conduct a "full review" of Russian influence operations on the US electoral process back to 2008. A preliminary Joint Analysis Report (JAR) was released by the DHS and FBI on December 29, which provided specific details on the type of cyber-tools and infrastructure
978:. Much of the content was focused on RT, the Kremlin-funded television network, and its purported role in attempting to manipulate US public opinion and discourse. The report was the most detailed public collection of Russian efforts to meddle in the 2016 elections released as of January 2017. 2701: 1392:
Chairman Burr, Vice Chairman Warner, and members of the committee, thank you for the opportunity to appear before you today to discuss the FBI's contributions to the early 2017 Intelligence Community Assessment, or ICA, entitled Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent
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were used by Russia as intermediaries to publicly release "victim data" obtained from US targets. WikiLeaks was purportedly chosen by Moscow for this task due to its "self-proclaimed reputation for authenticity", though no data leaked to the organization contained "evident
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In the report, it is explicitly made known that the US Intelligence Community only analyzed and monitored the intentions, capabilities, and actions of the Russian government, and not what, if any, impact their influence campaign had on US public opinion or the
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RT published a variety of anti-Clinton material throughout the election cycle intended to disparage Hillary Clinton. Among them were videos titled "How 100% of the Clintons' 'Charity' Went to…Themselves," and "Clinton and ISIS Funded by the Same
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Immediately after the election, Russian government officials halted their characterizations of the US election processes as unfair due to their belief that doing so would have hampered the possibility of warm relations with the incoming
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Notably, the Putin government also surmised that their actions would contribute to Russia's aim of threatening and eroding the "US-led liberal democratic order" which Russia views as a threat to its country and the regime.
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movement which characterized the movement as a struggle against the "ruling class" and reiterated calls for Americans to "take back" the government, claiming that the only method of changing the US government was through
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Jan. 6, when the Obama administration released the declassified summary of its intelligence report on "Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections," in which it publicly accused Russian President Vladimir
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has been a popular talking point for RT, likely an indicator of the Russian government's fear that an increase in fracking could lead to an expanded US natural gas market, threatening Russia's stake in the
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Multiple state election databases were accessed and probed by Russian intelligence, however the Department of Homeland Security has confirmed the systems involved in vote tallying were not compromised.
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accused the report of containing blatant falsities and highlighted the fact that it had intentionally omitted supporting evidence and dedicated a large fraction of its content to scrutinizing RT.
1119:(IRA), a troll farm financed by a Putin ally with ties to Russian intelligence services. Some of the trolls at the IRA had previously been used to advocate online for pro-Russia causes in Ukraine. 607: 954:
released for public consumption contained the same conclusions as the classified version, however, complete supporting information for the claims made in the public report was omitted due to its
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and began scoping its servers and lifting large amounts of data in the form of e-mails, donor lists, opposition research, etc. This information was published during the summer of 2016 by
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acknowledged meddling but insisted that "We cannot allow partisans to exploit this report in an attempt to delegitimize the president-elect's victory." House Minority Leader and
1325: 154: 1182:. Putin sought to use the leaks of politically damaging material in the US as a method of tarnishing the image of the United States. In addition, Putin also held a personal 2310: 1108:
proclaimed that Russia would "drink champagne" in the event of a Trump victory, due to the anticipation of Russia being able to move on its positions in Ukraine and Syria.
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and increasing political and social discord in the United States. The CIA and FBI made this claim with "high confidence" while the NSA displayed "moderate confidence."
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performed an in-depth review of the report and released its initial findings in July 2018. The committee found the report to be "a sound intelligence product."
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resides to negotiate a possible contract renewal and RT routinely gave Assange "sympathetic coverage" and a "platform to denounce the United States."
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of the type and breadth of actions undertaken by Russia and affiliated elements during the elections. The report examines Russia's utilization of
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The tactics used to meddle in the 2016 US election are the result of "years of investment" by Russia which has employed similar tactics in
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Unclassified Summary of Initial Findings on 2017 Intelligence Community Assessment released by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
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Russian intelligence services gained entry into the servers of the Democratic National Committee as early as July 2015, and the GRU began
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called the report "really quite a stunning disclosure" and advocated for further declassification and congressional investigation.
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The report affirmed that numerous past incidents had motivated the Russian government to wage an influence operation in support of
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oriented at the US election as early as March 2016. In May, hackers "exfiltrated large volumes" of data from the DNC.
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briefed President-elect Donald Trump on the classified findings of the intelligence community during a meeting at
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on highly classified intelligence, an understanding of past Russian actions, and sensitive sources and methods.
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Official Reports About Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections or the U.S. Response Thereto
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political targets during the course of the election cycle but withheld that information from the public.
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Putin had a personal preference for candidate-Trump due to his advocacy of Russia-friendly policies in
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The Plot to Destroy Democracy: How Putin and His Spies are Undermining America and Dismantling the West
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On the afternoon of January 6, 2017, the ODNI published the declassified edition of the report titled
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Cyberwar: How Russian Hackers and Trolls Helped Elect a President — What We Don't, Can't, and Do Know
617: 1775:"Declassified report says Putin 'ordered' effort to undermine faith in U.S. election and help Trump" 894:
Timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections (July 2016 â€“ election day)
2658: 2612: 2435: 2315: 2246: 1116: 1010: 967: 856: 219: 199: 1983:"Trump's bogus claim that intelligence report says Russia didn't affect the 2016 election outcome" 1207: 2686: 2479: 2154: 1267: 357: 2589: 2582: 2473: 2062:"Intelligence Agencies Say Russia Ordered 'Influence Campaign' to Aid Donald Trump in Election" 1320: 1147: 955: 759: 703:
The Plot to Hack America: How Putin's Cyberspies and WikiLeaks Tried to Steal the 2016 Election
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Russian Roulette: The Inside Story of Putin's War on America and the Election of Donald Trump
592: 577: 514: 2601: 2594: 1853:"Intelligence report says Putin ordered a campaign to help Trump - An assault on democracy" 1223: 1158:, RT claimed the Georgian government was killing civilians and orchestrating a genocide in 1105: 942:
utilized by Russian intelligence services in compromising and exploiting American systems.
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Between 2015 and 2016, computer hackers affiliated with Russian intelligence breached the
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Proof of Conspiracy: How Trump's International Collusion is Threatening American Democracy
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Strauss, Daniel; Vogel, Ken; Bennett, Cory; Gass, Nick; Bender, Bryan (June 14, 2016).
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with the intention of promoting and increasing the electoral-chances of then-candidate
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attack which stole more than 20,000 pages of e-mails that were subsequently dumped by
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Organizations associated with Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
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Timelines related to Donald Trump and Russian interference in United States elections
1357:"Should we believe the U.S. government when it blames North Korea for a cyberattack?" 1246:, and then Comey privately briefed Trump about the most salacious allegations in the 1235: 1094: 542: 449: 2145:"Unclassified Summary of Initial Findings on 2017 Intelligence Community Assessment" 1802:"What Intelligence Agencies Concluded About the Russian Attack on the U.S. Election" 1434:"WikiLeaks releases thousands of documents about Clinton and internal deliberations" 2035:"Underwhelming Intel Report Shows Need for Congressional Investigation of DNC Hack" 1287: 1175: 1112: 667: 646: 385: 1880:"Will Trump accept U.S. intelligence assessment on Russia hacking after briefing?" 2577: 2010:"US intelligence report: Vladimir Putin 'ordered' operation to get Trump elected" 1294: 1231: 1187: 1072: 1003: 872: 499: 2484: 2423: 2288: 1335: 1247: 1076: 995: 982: 919: 770:
People associated with Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
484: 414: 390: 347: 322: 224: 2680: 1461:"What 20,000 pages of hacked WikiLeaks emails teach us about Hillary Clinton" 1239: 1212: 1179: 1159: 709: 695: 681: 479: 464: 459: 444: 434: 429: 419: 380: 375: 121: 2226: 1486:"'Walking controversy' Donald Trump takes focus off Clinton's leaked emails" 1035:
on the campaign trail, and his stated desire for a closer relationship with
2256: 2149: 1539:"US officially accuses Russia of hacking DNC and interfering with election" 1262: 1054: 1014: 999: 938: 911: 653: 509: 494: 439: 409: 399: 2489: 1695:"Read the full, unclassified intelligence report on Russian hacking here" 1243: 1227: 855:. Published on January 6, 2017, the report includes an assessment by the 688: 489: 469: 292: 1828:"Russians aimed to undermine democratic order, paint US as hypocritical" 1021:(DNC) servers. This claim was made in "high confidence" by the agencies. 654:
Collusion: Secret Meetings, Dirty Money, and How Russia Helped Trump Win
2526: 2251: 2139: 1932:"Trump Says Intelligence Officials Delayed Briefing on Russian Hacking" 1129: 868: 724:
The Threat: How the FBI Protects America In the Age of Terror and Trump
504: 332: 2293: 2266: 1746:"Intel report describes Putin-directed smear campaign to elect Trump" 1407:"Russian government hackers broke into DNC servers, stole Trump oppo" 1361: 1254: 1165: 1065: 923: 907: 394: 269: 1616:"Joint DHS, ODNI, FBI Statement on Russian Malicious Cyber Activity" 1608: 890:
Timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
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Hoax: Donald Trump, Fox News, and the Dangerous Distortion of Truth
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Ackerman, Spencer; Thielman, Sam; Smith, David (January 6, 2017).
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Perez, Evan; Prokupecz, Shimon; Brown, Pamela (October 25, 2017).
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had requested a thorough review. Earlier in the day, FBI director
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Compromised: Counterintelligence and the Threat of Donald J. Trump
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Cyberwar: How Russian Hackers and Trolls Helped Elect a President
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Harris, Shane; Paletta, Damian; Lee, Carol E. (January 6, 2017).
1386: 1382:"Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent Elections" 1061: 1028: 1017:
persona to disseminate information gained from the compromise of
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Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election
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Schmidt, Michael S.; Davis, Julie Hirschfeld (January 3, 2017).
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accentuated the report's "surprisingly detailed findings" while
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On October 7, 2016, roughly one month before Election Day, the
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Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent Elections
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Links between Trump associates and Russian officials and spies
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Controversies of the 2016 United States presidential election
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Kopan, Tal; Liptak, Kevin; Sciutto, Jim (December 9, 2016).
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One of the main propagators of Russian interference was the
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Before Election Day, Russian ultranationalist politician
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Russia's interference in United States' elections in 2016
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Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
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Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
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Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent US Elections
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Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
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Facts and Fears: Hard Truths from a Life in Intelligence
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Conspiracy theories related to the Trump–Ukraine scandal
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Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
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The Russian influence campaign was directly ordered by
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Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
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Reactions to the Mueller special counsel investigation
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Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
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escalated its anti-US rhetoric in the lead-up to the
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Ackerman, Spencer; Thielman, Sam (October 8, 2016).
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List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump
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Topics of the Mueller special counsel investigation
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Democratic National Committee v. Russian Federation
2027: 1562: 1478: 1166:Russian government intentions in the 2016 election 155:Associates' links with Russian officials and spies 1958:"Donald Trump's presidency is an American crisis" 1634: 1590:"Obama orders review of Russian election hacking" 1452: 1139:In November 2012, RT ran a documentary about the 318:Intelligence and Security Committee Russia report 2678: 2079: 2059: 1906:"FBI director briefed Trump on dossier: reports" 1764: 1536: 1975: 1793: 1721:"Mueller's team met with Russia dossier author" 1582: 935:Office of the Director of National Intelligence 849:Office of the Director of National Intelligence 50:Office of the Director of National Intelligence 2446:Russia investigation origins counter-narrative 598:Russia investigation origins counter-narrative 573:False or misleading statements by Donald Trump 2212: 1738: 1660: 1316:2016 Democratic National Committee email leak 851:(ODNI) that assessed the extent and basis of 811: 647:A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership 2150:Richard Burr U.S. Senator for North Carolina 1929: 958:. The intelligence used was compiled by the 2697:Investigations and assessments of WikiLeaks 2087:"American Unintelligence on Russia (Op-ed)" 1871: 1398: 1278:called it a "remarkably blunt assessment." 845:Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions 190:Democratic National Committee cyber attacks 127:Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia 2644:Intelligence and Security Committee report 2219: 2205: 1686: 1190:for what he saw as her personal hand in a 1123: 847:) is a report issued by the United States 818: 804: 34: 2664:Russian interference in European politics 2532:Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal 2495:Links between Trump associates and Russia 2001: 1903: 1819: 205:Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal 2649:Russian interference in British politics 2111: 1642:"Intelligence Report on Russian Hacking" 1379: 1293: 1238:, and Director of National Intelligence 1206: 1202: 1050:, allowing them to sharpen their skills. 215:Foreign policy of Donald Trump (2015–16) 2141:Senate Select Committee on Intelligence 1666: 1426: 981:According to CNN, the CIA and FBI took 2679: 2607:Russian espionage in the United States 1877: 1355:Wolff, Josephine (December 20, 2017). 235:Russian espionage in the United States 2458:Mueller special counsel investigation 2200: 1955: 1799: 1692: 1458: 1354: 1331:Mueller special counsel investigation 1089:Russian state media arms such as RT, 328:Mueller special counsel investigation 2547:Senate Intelligence Committee report 2451:Durham special counsel investigation 1825: 1667:Goldman, Russell (January 7, 2017). 1172:Donald Trump's presidential campaign 989:Russian actions in the 2016 election 755:Internet manipulation and propaganda 538:Allegations of Obama spying on Trump 1904:Greenwood, Max (January 12, 2017). 1878:Shabad, Rebecca (January 6, 2017). 1826:Wang, Christine (January 6, 2017). 628:Trump Tower wiretapping allegations 13: 2707:Trump administration controversies 1211:Director of National Intelligence 1186:against former-Secretary of State 790:Trump administration controversies 165:Classified information disclosures 14: 2718: 2500:Trump business projects in Russia 2176: 2112:Matishak, Martin (July 3, 2018). 1693:Thoet, Alison (January 6, 2017). 532:Deception and conspiracy theories 2182: 1800:Shane, Scott (January 7, 2017). 1459:Stein, Jeff (October 20, 2016). 1380:Priestap, Bill (June 21, 2017). 1222:, less than one month after the 105: 2133: 2105: 1620:Federal Bureau of Investigation 1516:Department of Homeland Security 1082:Russia gathered information on 964:Federal Bureau of Investigation 931:Department of Homeland Security 871:such as hacking and the use of 865:Federal Bureau of Investigation 780:Russian intelligence operations 553:Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory 2692:Foreign electoral intervention 1373: 1348: 775:Russia–United States relations 230:Russia–United States relations 210:Foreign electoral intervention 1: 2621:Trump: The Kremlin Candidate? 1341: 1304:Senate Intelligence Committee 1019:Democratic National Committee 1011:Main Intelligence Directorate 900:Democratic National Committee 879: 731:Trump: The Kremlin Candidate? 144:Russian election interference 1956:Klein, Ezra (June 7, 2017). 7: 2304:Pizzagate conspiracy theory 1309: 960:Central Intelligence Agency 945: 926:later in the fall of 2016. 861:Central Intelligence Agency 603:Spygate (conspiracy theory) 583:Italygate conspiracy theory 250:Russian interference (2020) 245:Russian interference (2018) 240:Russian interference (2016) 40:Copy of declassified report 10: 2723: 1134:2012 presidential election 883: 282:Investigations and reports 20: 2570: 2414: 2341: 2234: 87:15 (declassified edition) 83: 73: 63: 55: 45: 33: 16:2017 US government report 2659:2017 Macron e-mail leaks 2613:The Plot to Hack America 2436:Dismissal of James Comey 2361:July 2016 – election day 1117:Internet Research Agency 968:National Security Agency 933:in conjunction with the 916:Hillary Clinton campaign 857:National Security Agency 220:Internet Research Agency 200:Dismissal of James Comey 21:Not to be confused with 2480:Trials of Paul Manafort 1268:The Wall Street Journal 1156:2008 Russo-Georgian War 1124:RT-specific assessments 1095:political establishment 1048:former Soviet republics 358:Trials of Paul Manafort 2654:2016 Brexit referendum 2590:Cyberwarfare by Russia 2583:Russian disinformation 2474:United States v. Flynn 1321:Cyberwarfare by Russia 1299: 1215: 1176:Olympic doping scandal 918:, was the target of a 914:, the chairman of the 175:Cyberwarfare by Russia 150:2016 US election leaks 98:Trump–Russia relations 1297: 1253:Speaker of the House 1210: 1203:Release and reception 884:Further information: 835:(also abbreviated as 623:Trump's election lies 618:Trump–Ukraine scandal 578:Firehose of falsehood 515:Natalia Veselnitskaya 116:Business interactions 2602:Propaganda in Russia 2595:Russian web brigades 1224:Obama administration 1106:Vladimir Zhirinovsky 976:US political process 313:Durham investigation 2510:Trump Tower meeting 2441:Crossfire Hurricane 2321:Cambridge Analytica 1987:The Washington Post 1779:The Washington Post 1438:The Washington Post 1274:The Washington Post 1002:while discrediting 475:George Papadopoulos 455:Konstantin Kilimnik 308:Crossfire Hurricane 265:Trump Tower meeting 160:Cambridge Analytica 30: 2505:Trump Tower Moscow 2326:Fake news websites 2274:DCCC cyber attacks 1936:The New York Times 1806:The New York Times 1673:The New York Times 1646:The New York Times 1596:. December 9, 2016 1492:. October 22, 2016 1300: 1216: 1192:series of protests 1141:Occupy Wall Street 520:Alex van der Zwaan 132:Trump Tower Moscow 28: 23:the Mueller Report 2674: 2673: 2557:Vulkan files leak 2552:2020 interference 2542:2018 interference 2242:DNC cyber attacks 2187:The full text of 2093:. January 7, 2017 2041:. January 6, 2017 1989:. January 7, 2017 1859:. January 6, 2017 1781:. January 6, 2017 1752:. January 7, 2017 1648:. January 6, 2017 1518:. October 7, 2016 956:classified nature 910:. In March 2016, 828: 827: 668:Crime In Progress 543:Alternative facts 450:Elena Khusyaynova 91: 90: 2714: 2637:Russian Roulette 2356:before July 2016 2221: 2214: 2207: 2198: 2197: 2186: 2170: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2159: 2153:. 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Index

the Mueller Report

Office of the Director of National Intelligence
Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
Trump–Russia relations

Bayrock Group
Business projects of Donald Trump in Russia
Trump Tower Moscow
2016 US election leaks
Associates' links with Russian officials and spies
Cambridge Analytica
Classified information disclosures
Clinton emails
Cyberwarfare by Russia
Data seizure
DCLeaks
Democratic National Committee cyber attacks
Democratic National Committee v. Russian Federation
Dismissal of James Comey
Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal
Foreign electoral intervention
Foreign policy of Donald Trump (2015–16)
Internet Research Agency
Podesta emails
Russia–United States relations
Russian espionage in the United States
Russian interference (2016)
Russian interference (2018)
Russian interference (2020)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

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