249:
29:
353:
A medimnos of grain weighed roughly 40 kilograms. Therefore, 7,500 medimnoi weighed approximately 300,000kg. Audoleon's gift was likely then transported in at least two ships to alternative harbors far from
241:
process that further integrated
Paeonia with the greater Greek-speaking world. This is evidenced by Audoleon's ties with other Hellenistic monarchs and cities, particularly Paeonia's traditional ally,
226:, who had thus far avoided formal royal titles, began to also style themselves as kings. To emphasize his kingdom's independence, Audoleon also declared himself king, becoming one of the first lesser
317:
A later inscription records that
Audoleon was honored by the Athenians with not only citizenship for himself and his descendants, but also a golden wreath and a bronze equestrian statue in the
233:
This change in status was reflected in his currency: earlier issues depicted the head of Athena, whilst Attic-weight tetradrachms struck later in
Audoleon's reign imitated the coinage of
193:
after they had overrun the upper Axius valley. The 20,000 survivors were, along with their wives and children, settled in the border territory of
Parorbelia by Cassander.
870:
880:
875:
860:
321:. His courtier was also honored for his efforts in delivering the grain. This is the last mention of Audoleon before his death in 285 or 284 BC.
288:, were hostile to Demetrius' ambitions and formed a coalition against him, to which Audoleon participated. In 287, Athens, which had been under
855:
698:
1085:
792:
632:
521:
296:, their principal port, in an effort to starve them into submission. In the spring of 284, the city received a gift of 7,500
826:
591:
Petrova, Eleonora (1991). "The
Paeonian Tribes and The Paeonian Kingdom in The Second and The First Millennium B.C.".
706:
668:
620:
474:
443:
1080:
428:
780:
513:
1095:
160:
375:
Wright, Nicholas (2012). "The
Horseman and the Warrior: Paionia and Macedonia in the Fourth Century BC".
248:
186:
1090:
1075:
205:
541:
209:
328:, and a daughter. His daughter, who remains unnamed in the sources, married Pyrrhus in a bid by the
1029:
398:
1070:
850:
819:
505:
451:
865:
329:
277:
197:
151:
139:
572:
955:
755:
730:
8:
234:
983:
812:
537:
227:
912:
896:
788:
702:
664:
628:
553:
549:
517:
470:
289:
281:
237:. The adoption of a royal title, as well as a new coinage type, was part of a larger
171:
120:
28:
311:
242:
252:
Silver tetradrachm struck late in
Audoleon's reign in imitation of Alexander III.
988:
963:
922:
692:
658:
325:
201:
127:
85:
567:
Pavlovska, Eftimija (2017). "A Part of a Rare 'Paeonian' Hoard from
Macedonia".
1064:
307:
238:
46:
804:
1049:
174:
from 315 until his death in 285 or 284 BC. He succeeded his father,
34:
285:
190:
324:
Audoleon had at least three children with an unknown spouse: Ariston,
1039:
1019:
998:
835:
292:
domination since 307, revolted and
Demetrius blockaded the city from
182:
510:
Alexander to Actium: The
Historical Evolution of The Hellenistic Age
332:
king to secure the support of nearby barbarians like the Paeonians.
1044:
1034:
1024:
1014:
968:
935:
930:
297:
257:
223:
218:
993:
973:
569:
Proceedings - XV. International Numismatic Congress Taormina 2015
293:
273:
175:
75:
940:
213:
42:
494:. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 156–157.
945:
318:
425:
The Coins of Paeonia: from the Numismatic Collection of NBRM
272:
In 294, Demetrius was proclaimed king by the Macedonians at
265:
165:
694:
Kallias of Sphettos and the Revolt of Athens in 286 B.C.
660:
War, Food, and Politics in Early Hellenistic Athens
546:
Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus
200:inflicted a crushing defeat on the King of Egypt,
181:Around 310, Audoleon asked and received help from
37:struck during the early part of Audoleon's reign.
1062:
441:
783:. In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.).
623:. In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.).
699:American School of Classical Studies at Athens
467:A History of Macedonia Volume III: 336-167 B.C
464:
820:
787:. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 279–305.
627:. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 218–219.
599:. Macedonian Archaeological Association: 89.
489:
834:
754:"Honours for a courtier of King Audoleon".
189:, in defeating an invasion of the Illyrian
827:
813:
429:National Bank of The Republic of Macedonia
280:. Nearby rulers, such as the Epirote king
27:
566:
422:
276:following his murder of Cassander's son,
778:
663:. Oxford University Press. p. 124.
512:. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California:
469:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 164.
454:Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
247:
590:
490:Wheatley, Pat; Dunn, Charlotte (2020).
465:Hammond, N.G.L.; Walbank, F.W. (1988).
335:
1063:
656:
536:
396:
374:
808:
690:
618:
586:
584:
582:
504:
427:(in English and Macedonian). Skopje:
170:) was king of the ancient kingdom of
16:King of Paeonia, c. 315 – c. 285/4 BC
448:Diodorus of Sicily in Twelve Volumes
418:
416:
392:
390:
208:in Cyprus. Following this victory,
13:
621:"Alexander's Successors to 221 BC"
579:
302:of wheat from Audoleon and 15,000
14:
1107:
1086:3rd-century BC monarchs in Europe
729:"Citizenship for King Audoleon".
413:
387:
212:, Demetrius' father, assumed the
785:A Companion to Ancient Macedonia
625:A Companion to Ancient Macedonia
619:Adams, Winthrop Lindsay (2010).
399:"The ancient kingdom of Paionia"
268:holding eagle seated facing left
781:"Macedonia, Illyria and Epirus"
772:
747:
722:
691:Shear, Theodore Leslie (1978).
684:
650:
641:
612:
603:
347:
261:
253:
178:, under unknown circumstances.
50:
38:
560:
530:
514:University of California Press
498:
483:
458:
435:
368:
1:
595:(in English and Macedonian).
593:Macedoniae Acta Archaeologica
361:
423:Pavlovska, Eftimija (2008).
166:
7:
779:Greenwalt, William (2010).
760:. Translated by Byrne, Sean
735:. Translated by Byrne, Sean
571:. Rome and Messina, Italy:
10:
1112:
647:Wheatley 2020, p. 399-401.
155:
1007:
954:
921:
905:
889:
843:
442:Diodorus Siculus (1968).
383:: 1–26 – via JSTOR.
206:naval battle near Salamis
135:
119:
111:
103:
95:
91:
81:
71:
63:
58:
26:
21:
377:The Numismatic Chronicle
340:
1081:4th-century BC monarchs
697:Princeton, New Jersey:
216:and proclaimed himself
210:Antigonus Monophthalmus
609:Wheatley 2020, p. 330.
492:Demetrius the Besieger
397:Merker, Irwin (1965).
269:
140:Ancient Greek religion
657:Oliver, G.J. (2007).
573:University of Messina
452:Oldfather, Charles H.
251:
198:Demetrius Poliocretes
53:: horse walking right
1096:Antipatrid Macedonia
336:Notes and references
575:. pp. 517–518.
260:wearing lion skin;
235:Alexander the Great
890:Political entities
701:. pp. 26–27.
550:Watson, John Selby
516:. pp. 30–31.
284:and the Diadochos
270:
1091:Pyrrhus of Epirus
1076:Paeonia (kingdom)
1058:
1057:
913:Paeonian language
871:Paeonian clothing
866:Paeonian religion
794:978-1-4051-7936-2
634:978-1-4051-7936-2
554:Henry George Bohn
523:978-0-520-08349-3
164:
145:
144:
1103:
897:Paeonian Kingdom
881:Paeonian fibulae
876:Paeonian coinage
861:Paeonian pottery
829:
822:
815:
806:
805:
799:
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776:
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648:
645:
639:
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616:
610:
607:
601:
600:
588:
577:
576:
564:
558:
557:
548:. Translated by
534:
528:
527:
502:
496:
495:
487:
481:
480:
462:
456:
455:
450:. Translated by
439:
433:
432:
420:
411:
410:
394:
385:
384:
372:
355:
351:
312:Bosporan Kingdom
263:
255:
230:kings to do so.
169:
159:
157:
131:unnamed daughter
52:
40:
31:
19:
18:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1102:
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1061:
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839:
838:-related topics
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130:
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59:King of Paeonia
54:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1109:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1071:Paeonian kings
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
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986:
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943:
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933:
927:
925:
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900:
899:
893:
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847:
845:
841:
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832:
831:
824:
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809:
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793:
771:
746:
721:
707:
683:
669:
649:
640:
633:
611:
602:
578:
559:
529:
522:
497:
482:
475:
457:
434:
412:
403:Balkan Studies
386:
366:
365:
363:
360:
357:
356:
345:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
310:, king of the
143:
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109:
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1038:
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987:
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734:
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710:
708:9780876615171
704:
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696:
695:
687:
672:
670:9780191536229
666:
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653:
644:
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630:
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622:
615:
606:
598:
594:
587:
585:
583:
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563:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
533:
525:
519:
515:
511:
507:
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493:
486:
478:
476:9780198148159
472:
468:
461:
453:
449:
445:
438:
431:. p. 39.
430:
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419:
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404:
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393:
391:
382:
378:
371:
367:
350:
346:
333:
331:
327:
322:
320:
315:
313:
309:
308:Spartokos III
305:
301:
300:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
267:
259:
250:
246:
244:
240:
239:Hellenization
236:
231:
229:
225:
221:
220:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:Ptolemy Soter
199:
194:
192:
188:
184:
179:
177:
173:
168:
162:
153:
152:Ancient Greek
149:
141:
138:
134:
129:
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118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
84:
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70:
66:
62:
57:
48:
44:
36:
30:
25:
20:
978:
856:Paeonian art
784:
774:
762:. Retrieved
757:IG II3 1 872
756:
749:
737:. Retrieved
732:IG II3 1 871
731:
724:
712:. Retrieved
693:
686:
674:. Retrieved
659:
652:
643:
624:
614:
605:
596:
592:
568:
562:
545:
532:
509:
506:Green, Peter
500:
491:
485:
466:
460:
447:
437:
424:
406:
402:
380:
376:
370:
349:
323:
316:
303:
298:
271:
232:
222:. The other
217:
195:
180:
147:
146:
67:315–285/4 BC
47:Attic helmet
1050:Siropaiones
542:"Book XV.2"
409:(1): 45–47.
278:Alexander V
228:Hellenistic
72:Predecessor
35:tetradrachm
1065:Categories
552:. London:
362:References
286:Lysimachus
256:: head of
191:Autariatae
185:, King of
41:: head of
1040:Odomantes
1020:Almopians
999:Bastareus
764:29 August
739:29 August
714:29 August
676:29 August
290:Antigonid
187:Macedonia
183:Cassander
161:romanized
82:Successor
1045:Paeoplae
1035:Laeaeans
1025:Derrones
1015:Agrianes
979:Audoleon
969:Lycceius
936:Vylazora
931:Astraion
906:Language
836:Paeonian
540:(1853).
508:(1990).
354:Piraeus.
304:medimnoi
299:medimnoi
258:Herakles
224:Diadochi
219:basileus
196:In 306,
167:Audōléōn
156:Αὐδωλέων
148:Audoleon
136:Religion
107:285/4 BC
22:Audoleon
1030:Doberes
994:Dropion
984:Ariston
974:Patraus
844:Culture
444:"20.19"
330:Epirote
294:Piraeus
282:Pyrrhus
274:Larissa
204:, in a
176:Patraus
172:Paeonia
163::
125:Ariston
115:unknown
76:Patraus
33:Silver
1008:Tribes
941:Astibo
923:Cities
791:
705:
667:
631:
538:Justin
520:
473:
243:Athens
214:diadem
112:Spouse
43:Athena
956:Kings
946:Stobi
851:Paeon
341:Notes
319:Agora
306:from
121:Issue
64:Reign
45:with
989:Leon
964:Agis
789:ISBN
766:2023
741:2023
716:2023
703:ISBN
678:2023
665:ISBN
629:ISBN
518:ISBN
471:ISBN
326:Leon
266:Zeus
262:rev.
254:Obv.
128:Leon
104:Died
96:Born
86:Leon
51:rev.
39:Obv.
381:172
1067::
597:12
581:^
544:.
446:.
415:^
405:.
401:.
389:^
379:.
314:.
264::
245:.
158:,
154::
49:;
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814:v
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768:.
743:.
718:.
680:.
637:.
556:.
526:.
479:.
407:6
150:(
99:?
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
