2124:(Canton Valais, Switzerland) is probably the oldest continuously inhabited abbey in the West. The first Bishop of Valais, St. Theodorus, founded around 370 a shrine which commemorated the martyrdom of St. Maurice and companions. In 515 King Sigismund, a convert to the Catholic faith, endowed a monastery near the shrine to St. Maurice. The life of the monks was centered on the continual choral office and became the model for monks throughout Western Europe. Charles Martel imposed one of his generals on the abbey as superior. It seems that canons replaced the monks sometimes around 820–830. These canons probably lived under the Rule of St. Chrodegang as mitigated by the Synod of Aachen, which had been held just a few years earlier at the capital of the Frankish empire. Until the middle of the 12th century, canons of the Aachen observance and Augustinian canons lived side by side, seemingly harmoniously. This was typical in many houses of the canons of the Ordo Antiquus model. As the Aachener canons died off, the community became fully "regular". On 20 July 1642, Peter IV Mauritius Odet (1640–1657) was consecrated abbot. As a reformer, he was supported vigorously by the Congregation of Our Savior, founded by St. Peter Fourier. At the opening of the 21st century, the canons continue to witness to Christ through the common life for priests and pastoral service to the Church through parish work and the secondary school run at the abbey.
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1329:; "The Order of Canons Regular is necessarily constituted by religious clerics, because they are essentially destined to those works which relate to the Divine mysteries, whereas it is not so with the monastic Orders." This is what constitutes a canon regular and what distinguishes him from a monk. The clerical state is essential to the Order of Canons Regular, whereas it is only accidental to the Monastic Order. Erasmus, himself a canon regular, declared that the canons regular are a "median point" between the monks and the secular clergy. The outer appearance and observances of the canons regular can seem very similar to those of the monks. This is because the various reforms borrowed certain practices from the monks for the use of the canons.
2191:. This became the mother-house of the congregation, which, only sixty years after the death of Groot, possessed in Belgium alone more than eighty monasteries, some of which, according to the chronicler John Buschius, contained as many as a hundred, or even two hundred residents. The congregation continued until the devastations of the Reformers drove it from its native soil, and it was at last utterly destroyed during the French Revolution. The revival of the congregation was proposed under the pontificate of Pope Pius XII. Permission for this was granted by Pope John XXIII in 1961. The motherhouse of the restored congregation, St. Michael's Priory is now in Paring Abbey, in Bavaria, Germany.
2478:, where he became a parish priest. At first he established a small community of enclosed, contemplative nuns, assisted by lay sisters. To this were added lay brothers to work the land, and later canons to serve the community and assist with administration. Gilbert tried to associate his order with the Cistercians, who refused to accept them and advised him to produce his own Rule. The monasteries were largely double houses of male and female religious (with strictly separate quarters), with some houses for men alone. A great friend of Ss. Aelred and Bernard, Gilbert composed his Rule drawing on Cistercian, Premonstratensian and Benedictine models, but used the
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Baptist took the good news of salvation to the Congo, Ethiopia and India. At the general chapter of the
Lateran Congregation held at Ravenna in 1558, at the request of many Spanish canons, Don Francis de Agala, a professed canon regular from Spain, who for some ten years had already laboured in the newly discovered country, was created vicar-general in America, with powers to gather into communities all the members of the canonical institute who were then dispersed in those parts, and the obligation to report to the authorities of the order. Especially from the 19th century onwards, the order has undertaken the work of evangelization.
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1567:") had a wide influence. During the 15th and 16th centuries the Lateran Congregation added to the Order's luster by its spirituality and scholarship. In the 17th and 18th centuries the French Congregation of Saint Genevieve and later the Congregation of Our Savior founded by Saint Peter Fourier (1566–1640), responded to new needs by combining the religious life with pastoral work. Finally, in the 19th century Adrien Grea (1828–1917), founder of the Congregation of the Immaculate Conception, in his writing put in its proper perspective the ecclesial dimension of the canonical life.
1471:, and its chief provisions were that the ecclesiastics who adopted it had to live in common under the Bishop's roof, recite common prayers, perform a certain amount of manual labour, keep silence at certain times, and go to confession twice a year. They did not take the vow of poverty and they could hold a life interest in property. Twice a day they met to hear a chapter from the rule of their founder, hence the meeting itself was soon called "chapter". This discipline was also recommended shortly after by the Councils of Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) (789) and Mainz (813).
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by its canons. Ste. Geneviève (Paris) 1148, St. James (Wigmore, diocese of
Hereford) around 1148, St. Augustine's (Bristol) 1148, St. Catherine's (Waterford) 1210, St. Thomas's (Dublin) 1192, St. Peter's (Aram, Naples) 1173 were of the number. The Monastery was destroyed during the French Revolution and the community dispersed. In the mid-20th Century, a successor congregation was founded in Champagne, France, which serves in France and Tanzania.
2341:. Besides the usual duties of canons in the church, they are engaged in preaching, administering the sacraments, and teaching. Formerly they had houses in Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, France, England, Ireland and Scotland. Until about 1900 they also served missions in North America, they had five monasteries in Belgium, of which St. Agatha is considered the mother-house. To these Croisier Canons belongs the privilege, granted to them by
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2183:. A preacher and reformer of the 14th century, at Deventer in the Low Countries, many poor clerical students gathered around him and, under his direction, "putting together whatever they earned week by week, began to live in common." Groot resolved to place this new institute under the spiritual guidance of the canons regular. The execution of this resolve was left by Gerard Groot, at his death, to his disciple,
1618:, no fewer than fifty-four houses of canons regular were founded. The first of these was at Colchester in 1096, followed by Holy Trinity, Aldgate, in London, established by Queen Maud, in 1108. From 1147, Andrew of St. Victor served as abbot of the newly founded abbey at Wigmore. The first General Chapter of the Augustinian Canons in England, intended to regulate the affairs of the Order, took place in 1217.
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2444:, the first Bishop of Jerusalem, established clerics living in common in the Holy City, where also, after the crusades, flourished the "Congregation of the Holy Sepulchre". After the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin, the canons sought refuge in Europe, where they had monasteries, in Italy, France, Spain, Poland and the Low Countries. In Italy they seem to have been suppressed by
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prepared to follow the example of the
Apostles by preaching, teaching, and the administration of the sacraments, or by giving hospitality to pilgrims and travellers, and tending the sick. In fact, traditionally canons regular have not confined themselves exclusively to the functions of the canonical life. They have also given hospitality to pilgrims and travelers on the
1382:, and Peter of Cluny all state that the canonical order traces back its origin to the earliest ages of the Church. In the first centuries after Christ, priests lived with the bishop and carried out the liturgy and sacraments in the cathedral church. While each could own his own property, they lived together and shared common meals and a common dormitory.
1698:. Besides the occupations of the regular life at home and the public recitation of the Divine Office in choir, they are chiefly employed in parish ministry, preaching retreats, supplying for priests who ask their service, and hearing confessions, either as ordinary or extraordinary confessors to convents or other religious communities.
1831:. The revival also counteracted the decline of religious discipline which had set in among Irish monasteries. St Malachy, archbishop of Armagh, was a prime mover in the reform movement in the Irish Church in the 12th century and by the time of his death in 1148, there were forty-one Augustinian houses.
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appears to be uncertain, although all admit its great antiquity. It has been divided into four chief branches: the
Italian, the Bohemian, the Belgian and the Spanish. Of this last very little is known. The branch once flourishing in Italy, after several attempts at reformation, was finally suppressed
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a house of strict observance, to the
Lateran. The reform spread, till at length the houses that had embrace it were formed into one large congregation. The canons regular served the Lateran Basilica until secular canons were introduced. There are houses belonging to the Lateran Congregation in Italy,
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Already in the Middle Ages canons regular were engaged in missionary work. Saint
Vicelin (c. 1090 – 1154) took the Gospel to the pagan Slavs of Lower Germany; his disciple Meinhard (died 1196) evangelized the people of eastern Livonia. In the 16th century the Portuguese Congregation of Saint John the
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were as enthusiastic about the community life of the
Apostolic Church of Jerusalem (Acts 4:31–35) or as enthralled by it as St. Augustine. To live this out in the midst of like-minded brethren was the goal of his monastic foundations in Thagaste, in the "Garden Monastery" at Hippo and at his bishop's
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Other orders sprang up which followed the Rule of St. Augustine and the canonical life. As canons regular became separated into different congregations they took their names from the locality in which they lived, or from the distinctive habit they wore, or from the one who led the way in remodelling
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near the city, a school which drew students from many parts. So great was the reputation of the monastery built by
William that houses were soon established everywhere after the model of St. Victor's, which was regarded as their mother-house. Numerous religious houses of canons regular were reformed
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In the 11th century the life of canons regular was reformed and renewed, chiefly owing to the efforts of
Hildebrand (c. 1020–1085), later Pope Gregory VII, culminating in the Lateran Synod of 1059. Here for the first time the Apostolic See officially recognized and approved the manner of life of the
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was drawn up at the
Council of Aachen. This included a rule of 147 articles, known as the Rule of (Aix-la-Chapelle), to be applied to all canons. These statues were held as binding. The principal difference between Chrodegang's Rule and that of Aachen was their attitude toward private property. Both
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Over time abuses crept into clerical life, including those of concubinage and independent living with the scandals and disedification of the faithful which followed. Vigorous reforms were undertaken during the reign of the Emperor Charlemagne (AD 800). Important milestones for the Ordo Antiquus form
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grew large even during the lifetime of its founder, and now has charge of many parishes and schools, especially in the Habsburg provinces of Austria and Hungary. The Premonstratensians wear a white habit, white biretta with white cincture. They are governed by an abbot general, vicars and visitors.
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in 1126, the same year in which Norbert was appointed Archbishop of Magdeburg. According to the spirit of its founder, this congregation unites the active with the contemplative life, the institute embracing in its scope the sanctification of its members and the administration of the sacraments. It
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deserves the credit for having recognized the way of life of the "canonici regulares" as sharply distinguished from the principles of the "canonici saeculares", and at the same time as a way of communal perfection equal to monasticism. In granting numerous privileges to reformed houses of canons he
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The invasion of Africa by the Vandals destroyed Augustine's foundation, which likely took refuge in Gaul. The prescriptions which St. Augustine had given to the clerics who lived with him soon spread and were adopted by other communities of canons regular not only in Africa, but in Italy, in France
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From the time of his elevation to be Bishop of Hippo in 395 AD, he transformed his episcopal residence into a monastery for clerics and established the essential characteristics-the common life with renunciation of private property, chastity, obedience, the liturgical life and the care of souls: to
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The Augustinian canons regular established 116 religious houses in Ireland in the period of church reform early in the 12th century. The role of the Augustinian Canons within the population was the main reason for their being the largest single order in Ireland. The canons regular did not practise
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had established in Ireland. Tradition places the first landing of Columba on leaving Ireland at Oronsay, and Fordun (Bower) notices the island as "Hornsey, ubi est monasterium nigrorum Canonicorum, quod fundavit S. Columba" (where is the monastery of Black Canons which St. Columba founded), though
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Orders. In contrast to many other orders of the Catholic Church, that of the Augustinian Canons (Canons Regular of St. Augustine, Canonici Regulares Sancti Augustini, CRSA) cannot be traced back to an individual founder or to a particular founding group. They are more the result of a process that
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In their independence and their local character, the canons regular had some resemblance to the Benedictine monks, as they did in their maintaining the vow of stability to a particular house. The individual houses often have differences in the form of the habit, even within the same congregation.
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Toward the end of the 11th century, the more cathedral and other chapters of canons opted for the apostolic life after the example of St. Augustine, the more urgent became both a separation from worldy life and measures regarding those canons who held to private ownership, in contradistinction to
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in church, the administration of the Sacraments and preaching. In Italy they have charge of parishes in Rome, Bologna, Genoa, Fano, Gubbio and elsewhere. In England they were a major force in the re-establishment of the Catholic Church there during the late 19th century, staffing many of the new
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Of all the new monastic and religious groups to settle in the British Isles in the course of the 12th century the canons regular, known there as the "Black Canons", were the most prolific. At the heart of their existence was the vita apostolica, but even more than other groups the canons regular
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in England was just such a shrine, and the cathedrals of Saint John Lateran in Rome, Salzburg and Gurk in Austria, Toledo and Saragossa in Spain, St. Andrew's in Scotland, were among many others to be reformed by canons regular. The canons also took a leading role in the intellectual life of the
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about the year 1100. In some houses the canonical life was combined with hospitality to travelers, nursing the sick and other charitable works. Often a number of houses were grouped together in a congregation. One of the most famous houses was the Abbey of Saint Victor, founded in Paris in 1108,
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In the 9th, 10th, and 11th centuries, laxity crept in: community life was no longer strictly observed, the sources of revenue were divided and the portions were allocated directly to the individual canons. This soon led to differences of income, and consequently to avarice, covetousness, and the
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to stay in France. A new home was found for the congregation who moved to Italy, where it increased its base. The early period of this congregation saw missions established in Canada and Peru, where there are still houses today. The canons regular have houses in Brasil, Canada, England, France,
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became involved in active spiritual care of local populations. Perhaps as a result of this feature they also enjoyed sustained support from founders, patrons and benefactors, and new foundations continued to be made long after the main force of the expansion of the monastic orders had declined.
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According to St. Augustine, a canon regular professes two things, "sanctitatem et clericatum". He lives in community, he leads the life of a religious, he sings the praises of God by the daily recitation of the Divine Office in choir; but at the same time, at the bidding of his superiors, he is
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founded the Confederation of the Canons Regular of St. Augustine with his apostolic letter "Caritatis Unitas" on the 900th anniversary of the First Lateran Synod. The Confederation is a "union of charity" which binds nine congregations of canons regular together for mutual aid and support. The
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which they administered from 1991 to 2011. Due to their unique position as a Swiss congregation and their work in the heights of the Alps, a community of canons went to Tibet to form a community of native clergy, arriving there in 1936. The community had to withdraw from the country after its
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of Roman society, rather than to a religious order in the modern sense of a closely organized body. Furthermore, among the Augustinian Canons, some groups acquired a greater degree of distinctiveness in their style of life and organization, to the point of being in law or in effect autonomous
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Later, congregations properly so called, governed by a superior general, were established within the order so as to maintain uniformity of particular observances. Among these congregations, which gave new life to the order, were the Windesheim Congregation, whose spirituality (known as the
1312:. The members of these orders are for the greater part priests who take religious vows and have an active apostolic life. While they live in communities, they belong to the order as such rather than to a particular house and their prime focus is on pastoral work rather than a choral office.
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The high point of the canons regular can be situated in the first half of the 12th century. During this time they contributed series of popes – Honorius II, Innocent II, Lucius II, as well as Hadrian IV shortly after mid-century and finally Gregory VIII in the second half of the century.
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clearly emphasized the nature and goal, the rights and duties of the canons regular. Thus from the renewal of the canonical life there inevitably arose a new "order"—which initially had not been the intention. The privileges of Pope Urban II are the first to officially use the name
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In England, in the 12th century there was a great revival of canons regular, in the wake of various congregations newly found in France, Italy and the Low countries, some of them reaching England following the Norman invasion. In England alone, from the Conquest to the death of
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The occupations of the canonesses down the centuries has consisted in the recitation of the Divine Office, the care of the church vestments, and the education of the young, often particularly the daughters of the nobility. For the most part, the canonesses regular follow the
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developed from the groups of women who took the name and the Rule of life laid down for the various congregations of canons regular. As with regard to origin and antiquity the same is to be said of orders of women both in general and in particular as of orders of men.
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In the 12th century the Canons Regular of the Lateran established a priory in Bodmin. This became the largest religious house in Cornwall. The priory was suppressed on 27 February 1538. In England houses of canons were more numerous than Benedictine monasteries. The
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From the 4th to the middle of the 11th century, communities of canons were established exclusively by bishops. The oldest form of canonical life was known as "Ordo Antiquus". In Italy, among the first to successfully unite the clerical state with the common life was
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established in the basilica clergy living in common after the manner of the Primitive Church. In the year 492, Gelasius, a disciple of St. Augustine, introduced in the patriarchal basilica the regular discipline which he had learnt at Hippo. At the request of St.
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The abbot primate, who is elected by all the congregations and serves for a six-year term, works to foster contact and mutual cooperation among the diverse communities of canons regular in the Catholic Church. On 11 October 2016, Jean-Michel Girard, Abbot of the
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of the early Church based more and more on the precepts handed down by Augustine. Secundum regulam Augustini vivere, an expression first employed in Rheims in 1067, signified a life according to the example of Augustine as was known from his numerous writings.
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From that time the Order of Canons Regular of Saint Augustine, as it was already beginning to be called, increased rapidly. A great number of congregations of canons regular sprang into existence, each with its own distinctive constitutions, grounded on the
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The order has houses in Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Canada, the Czech Republic, the Dominican Republic, England, Italy, France, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Peru, Porto Rico, Spain, Taiwan, Switzerland, the United States and Uruguay.
1898:, which is a defining element of the mendicant orders. Unlike the friars and like monks, the canons are generally organized as one large community to which they are attached for life with a vow of stability. Their houses are given the title of an
2463:, which in its turn became very numerous and, reformed as the Gallican Congregation, in the 16th century, by a holy man called Charles Faure; and had, at the outbreak of the Revolution, no fewer than one hundred abbeys and monasteries in France.
2337:, who founded their first house at Huy, near Liège. These Belgian Croisier Canons have a great affinity with the Dominicans. They follow the Rule of St. Augustine, and their constitutions are mainly those compiled for the Dominican Order by
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left the canons regular seriously decimated, and they never quite recovered. Between 1538 and 1540, the canonical houses were suppressed, and the religious dispersed, according to Cardinal Gasquet's computation, ninety-one houses in all.
2486:, it had twenty houses and one hundred and fifty-one religious. Unusually it was the prioress of the monastery who was the actual superior of the house, with a Master General elected by the male and female superiors in General Chapter.
3024:"Weinfurter, Stefan. "Recent Research on Canons Regular in the German Empire of the 11th and 12th Centuries", (translated by , O. Praem.), "Neuere Forschung zu den Regularkanonikern im deutschen Reich des 11. und 12. Jahrhunderts",
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Praecepta or Regula tertia: While this may in fact be the oldest of the three rules, the Praecepta clearly belongs to the Augustinian corpus. Its spirit and content are clearly Augustinian and fits his other writings on the common
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to be prayed together in community. Other groups were established at other churches which at some period in their history had been considered major churches, and (often thanks to particular benefactions) also in smaller centres.
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counseled a renunciation of private property, the Aachen Synod did not, since this was not part of the tradition of the canons. It is from this period that there dates the daily recitation by the canons of the Divine Office or
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Ordo Monasterii or Regula secunda: This may have been a preface to the Praecepta, but it is unclear whether it is from the hand of St. Augustine or not. It is stricter than the Praecepta and differs in style, tone and
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As a norm, canons regular live together in communities that take public vows. Their early communities took vows of common property and stability. As a later development, they now usually take the three public
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Regularis informatio or Regula sororum: Often considered to be the oldest rule of St. Augustine, it was composed for a convent of nuns and attached to Letter 211. Its content and style is very close to the
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into a separate "Congregation of St. Patrick", which the pope declared to inherit all the rights, privileges and possessions of the old Irish canons. In the year 1698 the Irish Congregation, by a Bull of
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celebrated for its liturgy, pastoral work and spirituality. Also worth mention are the Abbey of Saint Maurice of Agaune, the Hospice of Saint Bernard of Mont Joux in Switzerland, and the Austrian Abbeys.
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religious clergy as founded by bishops and others. Gregory VII's reform resulted in a distinction being made between clerics who lived in separate houses and those who still preserved the old discipline.
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and others that no Canons of the Holy Sepulchre existed before 1114, when some canons regular, who had adopted the Rule of St. Augustine, were brought from the West and introduced into the Holy City by
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were formed, which partly resembled religious orders in the general modern sense. This movement parallelled in some respects the kind of bonds established between houses of monks. Among these
2897:"Mois, Jacob. "Spirit and Rule of St. Augustine in the Canonical Reform of the 11th – 12th Century", "Geist und Regel des hl. Augustinus in der Kanoniker-Reform des 11. – 12. Jahrhunderts",
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these can be added two other typically Augustinian characteristics —a close bond of brotherly affection and a wise moderation in all things. This spirit permeates the whole of the so-called
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Augustinian Canonesses of the Mercy of Jesus have their roots in a group who, more than 700 years ago, began serving the needy and distressed in the expanding French fishing port of Dieppe.
1190:, especially from the late nineteenth century, some of these separate orders and congregations of Augustinian Canons have subsequently combined in some form of federation or confederation.
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and St. Andrew's, in Scotland, and others like them, were all served by canons regular. Many houses of canons worked among the poor, the lepers, and the infirm. The clerics established by
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the isolation from the general population operated by the Cistercians, and participated in a great variety of pastoral activities in parishes, hospitals and schools, as permitted by the
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their lives. Hence the White Canons of Prémontré; the White Canons of Saint John Lateran; the Black Canons of St. Augustine; the Canons of St. Victor at Paris and also at Marseilles.
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At times, their Orders have been very popular: in England in the 12th century, there were more houses of canons (often referred to as an abbey or canonry) than monasteries of monks.
2000:(Great St. Bernard, Switzerland) is representative of the hospitaller movement by which canons responded to the call to care for travelers and pilgrims. They were founded by St.
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Church by founding cathedral and collegiate schools throughout Europe. For example, the University of Paris finds part of its ancestry in the famous Abbey school of St. Victor.
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Anette Löffler; Björn Gebert (eds.), Legitur in necrologio victorino. Studien zum Nekrolog der Abtei Saint-Victor zu Paris (Corpus Victorinum, Instrumenta 7), Münster i.W. 2015
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Canonesses Regular of St Augustine Windesheim Congregation tracing its origin to Louvain, 1415. St Ursula's, Louvain, was one of the first women's communities sprung from
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1933:, which is indicative of their clerical origins. This has evolved in various ways among different congregations, from wearing the full rochet to the wearing of a white
2016:, patron saint of travelers. Communities of canons served the poor and the sick throughout Europe, through both nursing and education. They include the canons of the
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this is clearly anachronistic. According to Smith and Ratcliff there was a homogeneity among the Augustinian houses in Scotland before 1215 which had much to do with
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1112:, hence taking their name from St. Augustine, the great Doctor of the Church, "for he realized in an ideal way the common life of the Clergy". They became known as
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Les chanoines réguliers: émergence et expansion (XIe-XIIIe siècles); actes du sixième colloque international du CERCOR, Le Puy en Velay, 19 juin-1er juillet 2006
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By 1125 hundreds of communities of canons had sprung up in Western Europe. Usually, they were quite independent of one another and varied in their ministries.
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and are not governed in whatever elements of life they lead in common by a historical rule. One obvious place where such groups of priests are required is at a
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1374:, did not found the canons regular, not even those who are called Augustinian Canons. Although Augustine of Hippo is regarded by the canons as their founder,
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Nevertheless, there have always been canons regular who never adopted the Rule of St. Augustine. In a word, canons regular may be considered as the genus and
1838:, some of the Irish canons regular retired to houses abroad. By 1646 the Irish canons regular on the Continent were sufficiently numerous to be formed by
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Canonesses of St Victor d' Ypres who trace their foundation to William de Champeaux, founder of the Congregation of St Victor of Paris (Victorines),(1108).
1088:, painter unknown, c.1500, juxtaposing pregnancy and death, with four Augustinan canons regular of the Chapter (Abbey) of Sion. Left, with little lion, is
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congregation, as an example, wears a sarozium, a narrow band of white cloth—a vestige of the scapular—which hangs down both front and back over a
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Many of the houses which claimed to have been founded by St. Columba remained in the possession of canons regular till the Reformation, including
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Yannick Veyrenche, "Quia vos estis qui sanctorum patrum vitam probabilem renovatis... Naissance des chanoines réguliers, jusqu'à Urbain II," in
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2841:"Allaria, Anthony. "Canons and Canonesses Regular." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 14 Jun. 2013"
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who in the 13th century were formed by the popes and church councils into a religious order with structures that followed the model of the
2474:. It was the only religious order of distinctly English origin. Having completed his studies in England and in France, he returned to the
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2149:, Vorau and Neustift (now in Italy). The Austrian Congregation looks after scores of parishes in Austria as well as one in Norway. The
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Cf. Björn Gebert, Sankt Viktor von Paris und die Viktoriner. Institutionelle Strukturen eines mittelalterlichen Klosterverbandes, in:
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for over 20 years when, at the age of 51, he and several companions founded a new community at the Grande Chartreuse, and founded the
1886:), also referred to as "Augustinian Canons" or "Austin Canons" ('Austin' being an anglicisation of 'Augustine'), is one of the oldest
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3231:"Schopf, Hubert. "Augustinian Canons", (translated by Theodore J. Antry, O. Praem.), Peter Dinzelbacher und James Lester Hogg, Hrsg.
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2587:
2250:(Great St. Bernard, Switzerland) was elected as the 10th abbot primate of the Confederation of the Canons Regular of St Augustine.
2452:. The rest continued to exist until the French Revolution. The men's congregation is now extinct, but is still represented by the
4818:
4680:
117:
86:
2987:
Weinfurter, Stefan (1 April 1977). "Neuere Forschung zu den Regularkanonikern im Deutschen Reich des 11. und 12. Jahrhunderts".
4660:
4628:
4545:
4475:
3835:
2133:
was formed in 1907, composed of the various ancient monasteries, abbeys, and collegiate churches of canons regular in Austria:
2032:, where they have served travelers since the mid-11th century. This community is the one which developed the familiar breed of
1080:
4305:
4134:
3418:, pp. 119–171, with a list of 42 abbeys and independent priories influenced by St. Victor in Paris until 1261 on pp. 170–171.
3415:
3204:
1517:
The norm of life of the canons regular was concretized from the last third of the 11th century by a general following of the
1475:
1139:
as the species. Otherwise put, all Augustinian Canons are canons regular, but not all canons regular are Augustinian Canons.
4495:
4335:
4282:
3989:
2746:
2661:
2060:, Switzerland. In addition to the original hospice, they also serve at another hospice established by their founder at the
779:
2210:
Italy, Peru and the United States. Before their expulsion from France they served the ancient Abbey of St. Anthony in the
4448:
2390:
2205:
of St. Claude in France. The laws of separation of Church and State in France in 1904 made it difficult for most of the
262:
4811:
4722:
4116:
2482:
for his male religious. The Gilbertine Order spread especially in the North of England, and at the time of the general
2119:
1965:
1432:
962:
17:
3443:
3428:
Allaria, Anthony. "Abbey of Saint-Victor." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912
4750:
4733:
4426:
4105:
3650:
1891:
lasted for centuries. Because of their manifold roots they have assumed various forms in medieval and modern Europe.
839:
577:
3578:
Dunford, David. "Canoness." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 13 Oct. 2014
5156:
4634:
4613:
4527:
4294:
4188:
4176:
4152:
3941:
3065:"Dunford, David. "Canon." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 14 Jun. 2013"
1353:
in Ireland had accommodation for pilgrims and the sick whom they tended by day and by night. And the rule given by
1294:, hence their name. However, they did not combine this with the structures or manner of life of the canons regular.
756:
545:
94:
3293:
1587:. This came in piecemeal fashion. There were in fact three different rules of St. Augustine from which to choose:
5169:
4470:
4399:
4317:
4199:
4122:
3971:
3887:
2090:
1435:. From there the reform spread till at length the rule was universally adopted by almost all the canons regular.
1342:
1071:
761:
570:
1630:
In the early 20th century, the canons regular were represented in England by the Premonstratensians at Crowley,
1274:. The mendicants are called "friars", not "monks" nor "canons" and were originally itinerant preachers like the
4393:
4370:
4110:
4046:
3665:
2947:
2483:
2398:
1894:
Though they also follow the Rule of St. Augustine, they differ from the friars in not committing themselves to
1457:
694:
252:
5075:
5050:
4846:
4485:
3666:"Canonesses Regular of St Augustine Windesheim Congregation", Association of British Contemplatives Directory
3311:
2459:
The Gallican Congregation developed from the Canons of St. Victor in 1149. This group was established at the
2214:. Their habit is a white cassock, with leather girdle, linen rochet, black cloak and hood, and black biretta.
2086:
1960:
809:
225:
5376:
5325:
4601:
4572:
4556:
4464:
4453:
4353:
4234:
3091:
2428:
2422:
2378:
2237:
2073:
1784:, the Metropolitan see of Scotland, founded by Angus, King of the Picts. The church was at first served by
393:
5238:
3554:
5233:
5093:
5016:
4707:
4595:
4561:
4510:
2180:
582:
383:
3764:
3241:
2440:. On the other hand, Suarez and others recognize the tradition of the order, which maintains that Saint
1991:
parishes being established, until the number of secular clergy native to the country could be developed.
1902:, from which the canons then tend to various surrounding towns and villages for spiritual services. The
4869:
4505:
4480:
4410:
4364:
4311:
4276:
4246:
4193:
3751:
3034:
2907:
2600:
2471:
496:
143:
52:
4937:
4894:
4889:
4744:
4655:
4405:
4240:
4087:
3712:
2772:
1986:
Poland, France, Belgium, England, Spain and America. Their work is essentially the recitation of the
1207:
834:
2460:
679:
4911:
4639:
4521:
4516:
4438:
4288:
4217:
4018:
2017:
1554:
were given over to the care of canons regular, as were certain places of pilgrimage. The shrine of
1252:
373:
175:
3822:
3779:
350:
5366:
5204:
5083:
4500:
4252:
3983:
3893:
2441:
2338:
2272:
2171:
2134:
2061:
1856:
1771:
751:
378:
3795:
3183:, edited by: Janet Burton, Karen Stober, pp.115–44, Turnhout, Brepols, 2011, ISBN 9782503532486"
2972:, ed. Michel Parisse (Saint-Étienne: Publications de l'Université de Saint-Étienne, 2009), 30–2.
215:
5305:
5188:
4925:
4607:
4358:
4170:
3407:
3276:
2506:, also called the Renana (1136), now united to the Lateran Congregation; of the Holy Spirit in
2453:
1964:, officially styled "Congregatio SS. Salvatoris Lateranensis", takes its origin from the Roman
1911:
1635:
1555:
1001:
741:
452:
170:
2620:
started his religious life as a canon regular in Portugal before becoming a Franciscan friar.
2381:, and are active in the United States and Canada, principally in the area of parish ministry.
1818:
1074:, although some orders or congregations of canons regular have retained the vow of stability.
4879:
4874:
4717:
4650:
4323:
4211:
4205:
4064:
3699:
3593:
3500:
3371:
3092:"Declaration on the Canonical Life, Confederation of Canons Regular of Saint Augustine, 1969"
2574:
2479:
2138:
2021:
1835:
1828:
1584:
1531:
1468:
1420:
1407:
1291:
1109:
587:
3277:
Congrégation du Grand-Saint-Bernard "Hospice du Gd-St-Bernard:L'hospice hier et aujourd'hui"
1810:
and an alleged foundation at an unidentified locality in the Western Isles named as Crusay.
523:
5199:
5164:
5098:
5088:
4986:
4964:
4164:
3953:
3113:
Dickinson, J.C. (1951). "English Regular Canons and the Continent in the Twelfth Century".
2806:
2233:
2041:
1987:
1763:
1744:
1615:
1387:
1158:) referred more to a form of life or a stratum of society, reminiscent of the usage of the
947:
824:
699:
684:
457:
437:
398:
220:
158:
4803:
3533:
1822:
Ballybeg Priory, founded in 1229 by Philip de Barry for the Canons Regular of St Augustine
1759:, united the houses of canons through his patronage and by engaging them as his advisors.
1357:
to his canons enjoined that there should be a hospital near their house for this purpose.
8:
5209:
5174:
5103:
4864:
4006:
3858:
3338:
3291:"Congregation founded by St. Bernard of Menthon", Congregation of the Great Saint Bernard
2515:
2449:
2437:
2142:
1799:
1792:, established there members of his own order. The prior was mitred and could pontificate.
1736:
1375:
899:
746:
641:
447:
319:
235:
210:
1406:
It was under St Augustine that the "canonical life" reached its apotheosis. None of the
410:
5345:
5284:
4884:
4854:
4792:
4618:
4070:
4000:
3625:
3138:
3130:
3012:
3004:
2649:
2613:
2566:
2475:
2445:
2334:
2322:
2278:
2157:
for their weekday wear. For more solemn occasions, they wear the rochet under a violet
2146:
2065:
2064:. Some canons have charge of the hospice on the Simpion Pass founded at the command of
2053:
2001:
1915:
1903:
1727:
1715:
1453:
1238:) and the canonical (like the Augustinian Canons). He likened the monks to the role of
1168:
1136:
674:
550:
482:
307:
163:
2645:
5126:
4932:
4490:
4415:
4376:
4128:
3721:
3411:
3142:
3016:
2725:
2519:
2330:
2294:
2184:
2110:
2033:
1978:
1895:
1844:
1655:
1535:
1334:
1100:
Especially from the 11th century, among the canons regular, various groupings called
829:
324:
240:
205:
5300:
2590:
founded in the 14th century as a branch of the Canons Regular of the Holy Sepulchre.
1193:
All the different varieties of canons regular are to be distinguished not only from
909:
5045:
5001:
4979:
4906:
4834:
4696:
4458:
4421:
Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary
3122:
2996:
2721:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2616:
or Dominicans, as well as the Order of the Most Holy Trinity, or Trinitarians. St.
2541:
2499:
2298:
2232:(Champagne, France) traces its heritage to the Victorine Canons founded in 1109 by
2013:
1969:
1505:
Benedictine monasticism, which till then was the mainstay of the Gregorian Reform.
1287:
1271:
1223:
974:
538:
297:
292:
282:
277:
272:
200:
2377:
The Canons Regular of St. John Cantius were founded in 1998 by C. Frank Phillips,
1778:
were at Scone before Alexander brought canons regular from Nostall Priory in 1115.
230:
63:, designated by a partly similar terminology. As religious communities, they have
5118:
4974:
4838:
4690:
4258:
3959:
3802:
3790:
3654:
3315:
3297:
3000:
2901:
6 (1959), Heft 1, pp. 52–59., ( tr. by Theodore J. Antry, O. Praem.), 5 May 2002"
2773:"Four canons with Sts Augustine and Jerome by an open grave, with the Visitation"
2584:
Congrégation de Notre-Dame de chanoinesses de Saint Augustin, instituted in 1597.
1950:
1740:
1564:
1485:
1452:
of canonical life include the reform and rule of the Benedictine Bishop of Metz,
1428:
1371:
1279:
1239:
1230:(died 1099), said there were two forms of religious life: the monastic (like the
1058:
719:
420:
267:
185:
60:
3996:
Monastic Family of Bethlehem, of the Assumption of the Virgin and of Saint Bruno
3827:
2750:
2093:, perished during the ensuring chaos in the course of his efforts to assist the
560:
5224:
4996:
4969:
4956:
4918:
4901:
4780:
4433:
Congregation of the Franciscan Hospitaller Sisters of the Immaculate Conception
3881:
3178:
3156:
2687:
Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life
2641:
2282:
2081:
1807:
1795:
1789:
1756:
1748:
1479:
permitted the canons to own and dispose of property as they saw fit, but while
1391:
1322:
1300:
1194:
1050:
1046:
914:
894:
889:
629:
602:
467:
462:
287:
153:
148:
56:
40:
3648:"Ince Blundel Hall Nursing Home", Augustinian Canonesses of the Mercy of Jesus
3208:
2536:
2165:
Subsequently, other congregations of canons regular joined the confederation:
1859:, it is not one legal body, but a union of various independent congregations.
1290:. The Augustinian friars drew their inspiration from the ancient and flexible
5360:
5320:
5262:
5030:
4341:
4012:
3735:
3725:
CLXXXVIII, 135–160), also edited by Watterich (Vitae Pontificum II, 323–374),
3706:
3692:
3577:
3427:
3064:
2840:
2691:
2553:
2346:
2202:
2106:
2069:
1687:
1679:
1506:
1227:
879:
804:
789:
709:
634:
612:
607:
597:
136:
35:
4624:
Sisters of Charity of Saints Bartolomea Capitanio and Vincenza Gerosa (SCCG)
2056:
of the congregation, with the general administration of the congregation at
1415:
into effect for the circumstances of his time and the community of his day.
4347:
4264:
4075:
4035:
3911:
3905:
3265:
2361:
and a cross, white and red on the breast. In choir they wear in summer the
2176:
1974:
1887:
1667:
1338:
1258:
1231:
1211:
1163:
929:
884:
784:
592:
506:
501:
489:
180:
4947:
3812:
3647:
3521:
1467:(Rule of Common Life), was at once a restoration and an adaptation of the
77:
5279:
5065:
4776:
4583:
4329:
3965:
3935:
3929:
3266:"The Order of Canons Regular of Saint Augustine", The BeauchĂŞne Community
2569:
drew up the first general rule for communities of women in the year 423.
2467:
2409:
The Canons Regular of St. Thomas are a newly founded congregation in the
2045:
2029:
1781:
1731:
1719:
1639:
1623:
1460:, which established a rule of life for canons in the Carolingian Empire.
1350:
1275:
1235:
1215:
919:
904:
844:
345:
109:
3637:"Welcome to Boarbank Hall", Augustinian Canonesses of the Mercy of Jesus
3008:
2495:
2211:
4991:
4140:
4099:
4081:
3923:
3917:
3290:
3134:
2800:, Chapter III, edited by Pius Frank C.R., (Stift Vorau, Austria, 1954)"
2671:
2549:
2531:
2502:, in France), founded in 1097; Marbach (1100); of the Holy Redeemer of
2350:
2342:
2094:
2005:
1839:
1643:
1631:
1514:, which would give the new ordo of canonical life a distinctive stamp.
1480:
1354:
1309:
969:
869:
864:
814:
799:
794:
513:
430:
257:
245:
64:
3308:
5272:
5257:
5250:
5060:
5011:
4756:
4029:
3615:"Our Association Worldwide", Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre
2562:
2037:
1867:"C.R.S.A." redirects here. For Chinese Radio Sports Association, see
1551:
1423:
and at least in substance can be attributed to Augustine personally.
1305:
1093:
1054:
981:
924:
874:
854:
729:
565:
528:
518:
472:
442:
415:
355:
4534:
Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God
3734: This article incorporates text from a publication in the
3126:
2101:
at the Choula Pass on the Tibetan-Chinese border. He was declared a
5340:
5192:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5035:
4787:
3876:
3784:, (translated by Aloysius Smith), Sands & Company, London, 1911
3691: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2456:, who have convents in Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain and England.
2358:
2158:
2057:
1938:
1706:
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle dated to 565 A.D., relates that Columba,
1691:
1379:
1346:
1218:
whose members in their history have often been laymen, not priests.
1187:
996:
849:
619:
555:
388:
104:
3697:
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Canons and Canonesses Regular".
3636:
2036:
to assist the canons in their ability to find travelers buried by
5310:
5040:
4228:
2503:
2354:
2290:
2154:
2150:
1926:
1785:
1775:
1752:
1723:
1711:
1663:
1659:
1539:
1395:
1182:, from their white habits. Yet another such order is that of the
1159:
859:
477:
340:
312:
302:
27:
Roman Catholic priests living in community under a religious rule
2946:. Newsite.augustiniancanons.org. 3 February 2013. Archived from
2353:
of 500 days. Their habit was formerly black, but is now a white
1834:
It is not improbable that at the outbreak of the dissolution by
1463:
The ecclesiastical constitution or ordinance of Chrodegang, the
5267:
5245:
5183:
5108:
5055:
4859:
4676:
Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary
3233:
Kulturgeschichte der christlichen Orden in Einzeldarstellungen.
2612:
Among the orders which sprang from the canonical life were the
2507:
2432:
2366:
2362:
2188:
2102:
2077:
1922:
1683:
1671:
1647:
1326:
1283:
1243:
1089:
736:
704:
664:
533:
425:
195:
190:
1710:(Mass-Priest), "came to the Picts to convert them to Christ".
1049:
who belong to a resident group of priests but who do not take
5214:
5179:
5025:
3716:
2187:. The foundation of the first house was at Windersheim, near
2049:
2009:
1982:
1934:
1930:
1907:
1899:
1847:, was affiliated and aggregated to the Lateran Congregation.
1695:
1651:
1443:
1431:, about the year 492, re-established the regular life in the
1411:
house. The "rules" of St. Augustine intended to help put the
819:
689:
669:
624:
405:
2866:"Canons Regular, St. Michael's Abbey, Silverado, California"
5219:
5131:
4833:
2511:
2286:
2098:
2080:. The canons' past services have included a hospice in the
2025:
1868:
1583:
By the 13th century, there was widespread adherence to the
1202:
714:
131:
2944:"History of the Canons, Canons Regular of Saint Augustine"
2297:
in the year 1120. The order received formal approval from
2097:, when Tomay was ambushed and shot to death by a group of
3746:(third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls.
3590:"Congregation de Notre Dame, Canonesses of St. Augustine"
2248:
Congregation of St. Nicholas and St. Bernard of Mont Joux
1998:
Congregation of St. Nicholas and St. Bernard of Mont Joux
1067:
724:
39:
are Catholic priests who live in community under a rule (
3157:"The Catholic Parish of St. Mary and St. Petroc, Bodmin"
3807:
3395:
1206:, who in the Western tradition are members of monastic
1128:). Where it was the case, they have also been known as
3817:
2540:
Abbess Joanna van Doorselaer de ten Ryen, Waasmunster
2448:, who, in 1489, transferred all their property to the
2384:
1345:, in London, of Santo Spirito, in Rome, of Lochleven,
3743:
New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
3467:"The priest whose asceticism killed three disciples,
2716:
Heale, Martin (30 September 2013). "Regular Canons".
2372:
4579:
Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary
3363:
The Chronicle of the Canons Regular of Mt. St. Agnes
1862:
1646:; the Canons Regular of the Lateran Congregation at
1438:
1057:, where there were many Masses to celebrate and the
4301:
Missionaries of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary
3948:
Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary
2325:in 1656. In Bohemia there are still some houses of
1512:
Canonici secundum regulam sancti Augustini viventes
4540:Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
2201:(Rome, Italy) was founded in 1871 by Adrien Gréa,
2012:, about the year 1050, under the patronage of St.
59:canons and other forms of religious life, such as
4686:Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
3857:
3715:(SS. Rer. Ital. III, I 441–446) and reprinted in
3235:Stuttgart, Alfred Kröner Verlag, 1997. pp. 37–54"
2236:, former Archdeacon of Paris, established at the
5358:
4703:Sisters of Providence of Saint Mary-of-the-Woods
4590:Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament
3440:""Congregations and Houses", Augustinian Canons"
3181:The Regular Canons in the Medieval British Isles
1788:, but in 1144 Bishop Robert, former Augustinian
1045:All canons regular are to be distinguished from
4551:Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
3818:Confederation of Canons Regular of St Augustine
3808:Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception USA
2404:
2224:Congregation of the Brothers of the Common Life
1921:The distinctive habit of canons regular is the
1222:Writing at a time before the foundation of the
4444:Daughters of Mary of the Immaculate Conception
3086:
3084:
3082:
4819:
3843:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2682:Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest
2318:Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross
2312:Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross
1325:, a canon regular is essentially a religious
1021:
51:, in Greek) and are generally organised into
3115:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
2860:
2858:
2218:Congregation of Mary, Mother of the Redeemer
1739:who gave them a common economic policy, and
1370:Augustine of Hippo (354–430), also known as
1186:. Encouraged by the general policies of the
1148:Canons Regular of the Order of St. Augustine
4666:Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary
4567:Oblate Sisters of the Virgin Mary of Fatima
4183:Franciscan Missionaries of the Eternal Word
3497:"Order of Canon Regulars of the Holy Cross"
3464:
3396:Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
3309:Congrégation "Le bienheureux Maurice Tomay"
3197:
3079:
2796:"Egger C.R.L., Dr. Karl. "Canons Regular",
2667:Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
2565:in his rules addresses both men and women.
2494:, founded in 1039, and once flourishing in
2207:Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
2198:Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
1981:, called some canons from St. Frigidian at
1850:
1676:Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
1497:partial destruction of the canonical life.
1040:
4826:
4812:
4271:Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus
3850:
3836:
3696:
3573:
3571:
3059:
3057:
3055:
2986:
2975:
2925:
2548:As well as canons regular, there are also
1028:
1014:
5382:Organisation of Catholic religious orders
3112:
2855:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2580:Some congregations still extant include:
4740:Society of the Helpers of the Holy Souls
4728:Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart
4147:Congregation of Saint Thérèse of Lisieux
3782:Explanation of the Rule of St. Augustine
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2677:Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre
2624:was originally a canon living under the
2588:Canonesses Regular of the Holy Sepulchre
2535:
2416:
1817:
1442:
1242:, and the canons to that of her sister,
1079:
4681:Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
3739:
3568:
3052:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2552:regular, the claim of an origin in the
2490:Extinct congregations also include the
2333:and recognize for their Father Blessed
2131:Austrian Congregation of Canons Regular
1341:, and in former times the hospitals of
1167:religious orders. Examples include the
1144:Canonici Regulares Ordinis S. Augustini
14:
5359:
4629:Sisters of Christian Doctrine of Nancy
4596:Religious of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
4546:Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart
4476:Handmaids of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
3740:Jackson, Samuel Macauley, ed. (1914).
3555:"Canons Regular of St. Thomas Aquinas"
3473:. Catholicherald.co.uk. Archived from
3465:Lucie-Smith, Alexander (9 June 2011).
3223:
3179:"Smith, Andrew and Ratcliff, Garrett.
3159:. Stmarysbodmin.org.uk. 26 August 2011
2891:
2889:
2887:
2824:
2514:, at Venice (1404); of Our Saviour in
2393:are a congregation who solely use the
2121:Congregation of St. Maurice of Agaunum
2040:. There are currently (2012) about 35
1910:. Smaller communities are headed by a
4807:
4135:Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament
3831:
3619:
2868:. Stmichaelsabbey.com. Archived from
2732:
2715:
2556:being common to both. Communities of
2525:
1476:Institutio canonicorum Aquisgranensis
5372:History of Catholic religious orders
4671:Sisters of the Immaculate Conception
4661:Sisters of the Holy Family-Louisiana
4496:Little Sisters Disciples of the Lamb
4491:Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary
4283:Missionaries of St. Francis de Sales
4223:Marians of the Immaculate Conception
4106:Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius
3990:Missionaries of St. Charles Borromeo
3703:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
3626:The Canonesses of St Victor d' Ypres
2783:
2662:Canons Regular of Saint John Cantius
1108:of canons regular, most adopted the
4449:Daughters of the Holy Heart of Mary
3823:Introductory: The Augustinian order
3711:Cardinal Boso's life, published by
2884:
2391:Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem
2385:Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem
1906:of their major houses is titled an
1802:founded in 1128 for canons regular.
24:
4723:The Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
4348:Rogationists of the Heart of Jesus
4045:
3522:Canons Regular of St. John Cantius
3207:. Lawrencetown.com. Archived from
2798:Canonicorum Regularium Sodalitates
2635:
2411:Diocese of Springfield in Illinois
2373:Canons Regular of St. John Cantius
2266:
2175:(Paring, Germany) originated with
1966:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1712:St Columba (Columbanus, Colmcille)
1662:, in Cornwall; at Spettisbury and
1433:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1401:
368:Administrative and pastoral titles
25:
5393:
4751:Servants of the Blessed Sacrament
4427:Carmelite Sisters of Saint Teresa
3796:Houses and Congregations C.R.S.A.
3773:
3335:Canons Regular of Saint Augustine
3021:Translated by Theodore J. Antry,
1954:initial four congregations were:
1876:Canons Regular of Saint Augustine
1863:Canons Regular of Saint Augustine
1751:at the Priory of St. Oswalds, at
1439:Chrodegang and the Rule of Aachen
5339:
4946:
4786:
4635:Sisters of the Cross and Passion
4614:Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament
4295:Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
4177:Franciscan Friars of the Renewal
3942:Congregation of Our Lady of Sion
3729:
3686:
2843:. Newadvent.org. 1 November 1908
1944:
1730:embraced the regular life which
1365:
1210:such as the various branches of
1178:, sometimes known in English as
995:
659:Consecrated and professed titles
103:
76:
4734:Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres
4471:Handmaids of the Heart of Jesus
4318:Oblates of St. Francis de Sales
4123:Congregatio Discipulorum Domini
3972:Institute of the Incarnate Word
3659:
3641:
3630:
3608:
3582:
3547:
3526:
3515:
3489:
3458:
3432:
3421:
3400:
3389:
3353:
3323:
3302:
3284:
3270:
3259:
3171:
3149:
3106:
2305:
2257:
1747:, himself a former Augustinian
1534:and the statutes which Blessed
1388:St Eusebius, Bishop of Vercelli
1072:chastity, poverty and obedience
4394:Adorers of the Blood of Christ
4371:Sons of the Most Holy Redeemer
2962:
2765:
2726:10.1093/OBO/9780195396584-0083
2709:
2640:Famous canons regular include
2484:Dissolution of the Monasteries
2399:Diocese of Wheeling-Charleston
2395:preconciliar, Tridentine rites
1150:) were used, whereby the term
1116:, and sometimes in English as
13:
1:
4486:Holy Spirit Adoration Sisters
4094:Brothers of Our Lady of Mercy
3859:Catholic religious institutes
3813:Canons Regular of the Lateran
3499:. Cruzios.org. Archived from
2697:
1961:Canons Regular of the Lateran
1578:
1316:
1092:; right, holding a heart, is
810:Captain General of the Church
226:Assistant to the papal throne
5326:List of religious institutes
4645:Sisters of the Good Shepherd
4602:Religious of the Virgin Mary
4573:Order of Our Lady of Charity
4557:Oblate Sisters of Providence
4454:Faithful Companions of Jesus
4235:Society of Mary (Marianists)
4050:Coat of arms of Vatican City
3365:, translated by J.P. Arthur"
3001:10.1524/hzhz.1977.224.jg.379
2749:. Augnet.org. Archived from
2702:
2607:
2429:Canons of the Holy Sepulchre
2423:Canons of the Holy Sepulchre
2405:Canons Regular of St. Thomas
2349:, of blessing beads with an
1968:, the pope's own cathedral.
1343:St. Bartholomew's Smithfield
7:
4708:Sisters of the Sacred Heart
4562:Oblates of Jesus the Priest
4511:Living the Gospel Community
2655:
2181:Brethren of the Common Life
2072:to several parishes in the
2068:in 1801. They also provide
1701:
1132:, from their black habits.
958:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
10:
5398:
4506:Little Sisters of the Poor
4411:Basilian Chouerite Sisters
4365:Servants of Jesus and Mary
4312:Oblates of the Virgin Mary
4306:Oblates of Mary Immaculate
4277:Missionaries of La Salette
4247:Society of the Divine Word
4229:Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
4117:Christian Brothers (Irish)
3674:
2529:
2472:St. Gilbert of Sempringham
2420:
2309:
2270:
2230:Congregation of St. Victor
2087:People's Republic of China
1866:
1813:
1774:. Tradition says that the
1604:
1491:
1458:Synods of Aachen (816–819)
1360:
1256:, sometimes called simply
1002:Catholic Church portal
67:as part of the community.
5334:
5293:
5155:
5117:
5074:
5010:
4955:
4944:
4938:Society of apostolic life
4845:
4771:
4745:Sisters of Social Service
4656:Sisters of the Holy Cross
4406:Basilian Aleppian Sisters
4386:
4241:Society of Mary (Marists)
4057:
4043:
3865:
2510:(1198); of St. George in
2018:Great St. Bernard Hospice
1550:In the Middle Ages, some
1392:St Zeno, Bishop of Verona
1253:Friars of Saint Augustine
835:Gonfalonier of the Church
4713:Sisters of Saint Francis
4640:Sisters of the Destitute
4522:Marianites of Holy Cross
4517:Lovers of the Holy Cross
4439:Daughters of Divine Love
4289:Missionaries of the Poor
4218:Little Brothers of Jesus
4129:Immaculate Heart of Mary
4019:Society of the Atonement
3707:New Advent Encyclopaedia
2226:(Maria Brunnen, Germany)
1851:Present-day organization
1718:, who was a follower of
1142:In Latin, terms such as
1041:Preliminary distinctions
176:Chaplain of His Holiness
4718:Sisters of Saint Joseph
4501:Little Sisters of Jesus
4253:Society of Saint Edmund
3984:Missionaries of Charity
3801:12 October 2013 at the
3653:18 October 2014 at the
3094:. Augustiniancanons.org
3028:224 (1977) pp. 379–397"
3026:Historische Zeitschrift
2989:Historische Zeitschrift
2431:: It is the opinion of
2339:St. Raymond of Penafort
2279:Premonstratensian Order
2273:Premonstratensian Order
2220:(La Cotellerie, France)
2172:Windesheim Congregation
2062:Little St. Bernard Pass
1772:Alexander I of Scotland
1770:Scone, founded by King
1766:the chief houses were:
5346:Catholicism portal
5316:Vocational discernment
5306:Foolishness for Christ
4793:Catholicism portal
4608:Servants of St. Joseph
4171:Discalced Augustinians
4153:Conventual Franciscans
4051:
3888:Augustinian Recollects
3789:4 October 2013 at the
3705:Sources quoted in the
3331:"The American Project"
3314:30 August 2012 at the
2545:
2518:, reformed in 1628 by
2461:Sainte-Geneviève Abbey
2454:Sepulchrine Canonesses
2397:which is based in the
2293:(northern France), by
2022:Great St. Bernard Pass
1823:
1556:Our Lady of Walsingham
1538:gave to his canons at
1448:
1097:
453:Diocesan administrator
171:Moderator of the curia
55:, differing from both
44:
4651:Sisters of Holy Cross
4354:Sacred Heart Brothers
4324:Order of Friars Minor
4212:Legionaries of Christ
4049:
3700:Catholic Encyclopedia
2575:Rule of St. Augustine
2539:
2480:Rule of St. Augustine
2417:Extinct congregations
2139:Klosterneuburg Priory
1857:Order of St. Benedict
1829:Rule of St. Augustine
1821:
1666:, in Dorsetshire; at
1585:Rule of St. Augustine
1532:Rule of St. Augustine
1469:Rule of St. Augustine
1465:Regula vitae communis
1446:
1421:Rule of St. Augustine
1408:Fathers of the Church
1292:Rule of St. Augustine
1270:, who are one of the
1110:Rule of St. Augustine
1083:
588:Protonotary apostolic
118:Ecclesiastical titles
5089:Liturgy of the Hours
4965:Evangelical counsels
4165:De La Salle Brothers
3954:Discalced Carmelites
3780:Hugh of St. Victor.
2492:Order of Saint Rufus
2234:William de Champeaux
2135:St. Florian's Priory
2089:in 1949. One canon,
1745:Bishop of St Andrews
1714:was the disciple of
1616:Henry II Plantagenet
825:Commissary Apostolic
458:Ecclesiastical judge
438:Defender of the bond
5377:Catholic priesthood
4865:Religious institute
4007:Servants of Charity
3900:Basilian Chouerites
3503:on 3 September 2013
3247:on 30 December 2013
3205:"Clontuskert Abbey"
3040:on 23 February 2014
2812:on 30 December 2013
2498:; that of Aroasia (
2438:Godfrey of Bouillon
2238:Abbey of St. Victor
2143:Herzogenburg Priory
1762:At the time of the
1396:St Ambrose of Milan
1376:Vincent of Beauvais
953:Knights Hospitaller
942:Organization titles
747:Provincial superior
320:Territorial prelate
122:order of precedence
4855:Consecrated virgin
4619:Sisters of Charity
4200:Holy Ghost Fathers
4071:Albertine Brothers
4052:
4001:Premonstratensians
3894:Basilian Aleppians
3596:on 18 October 2014
3361:"Thomas a Kempis,
3296:2014-10-18 at the
2899:In Unum Congregati
2753:on 28 January 2014
2650:Desiderius Erasmus
2614:Order of Preachers
2567:Augustine of Hippo
2558:canonesses regular
2546:
2526:Canonesses regular
2476:diocese of Lincoln
2335:Theodore de Celles
2316:The origin of the
2105:for the faith and
2085:occupation by the
2066:Napoleon Bonaparte
2002:Bernard of Menthon
1904:religious superior
1824:
1449:
1264:Augustinian friars
1137:Augustinian canons
1114:Augustinian Canons
1098:
675:Consecrated virgin
196:Apostolic delegate
34:Canons Regular of
18:Augustinian Canons
5354:
5353:
5127:Clerical clothing
4933:Secular institute
4801:
4800:
4528:Maryknoll Sisters
4465:Filippini Sisters
4377:Xaverian Brothers
4036:Trinitarian Order
3759:Missing or empty
3752:cite encyclopedia
3722:Patrologia Latina
3446:on 9 October 2008
3416:978-3-402-10441-5
3377:on 5 October 2013
2950:on 8 October 2017
2872:on 5 October 2013
2520:St. Peter Fourier
2345:and confirmed by
2185:Florentius Radwyn
2111:Pope John Paul II
2028:on the border of
1896:corporate poverty
1845:Pope Innocent XII
1755:and the founding
1674:, in London; the
1536:Peter de Honestis
1335:Great St. Bernard
1321:According to St.
1170:Premonstratensian
1038:
1037:
774:Additional titles
710:Master of novices
399:Military ordinary
394:Military chaplain
335:Liturgical titles
325:Territorial abbot
221:Apostolic prefect
206:Apostolic visitor
16:(Redirected from
5389:
5344:
5343:
5002:Vow of enclosure
4950:
4835:Consecrated life
4828:
4821:
4814:
4805:
4804:
4791:
4790:
4697:Sisters of Mercy
4400:Apostolic Carmel
3852:
3845:
3838:
3829:
3828:
3768:
3762:
3757:
3755:
3747:
3733:
3732:
3726:
3704:
3690:
3689:
3668:
3663:
3657:
3645:
3639:
3634:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3592:. Archived from
3586:
3580:
3575:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3540:
3530:
3524:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3477:on 1 August 2012
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3442:. Archived from
3436:
3430:
3425:
3419:
3404:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3376:
3370:. Archived from
3369:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3337:. Archived from
3327:
3321:
3320:
3306:
3300:
3288:
3282:
3281:
3274:
3268:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3246:
3240:. Archived from
3239:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3088:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3061:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3039:
3033:. Archived from
3032:
3020:
2984:
2973:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2940:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2912:
2906:. Archived from
2905:
2893:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2862:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2837:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2811:
2805:. Archived from
2804:
2792:
2781:
2780:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2747:"Canons, Augnet"
2743:
2730:
2729:
2718:Medieval Studies
2713:
2630:Carthusian Order
2618:Anthony of Padua
2542:Roosenberg Abbey
2500:Diocese of Arras
2470:were founded by
2450:Knights of Malta
2299:Pope Honorius II
2014:Nicholas of Myra
1970:Pope Sylvester I
1288:mendicant orders
1272:mendicant orders
1224:mendicant orders
1208:religious orders
1164:senatorial order
1160:equestrian order
1124:being a form of
1030:
1023:
1016:
1000:
999:
975:Grand Inquisitor
963:Teutonic Knights
840:Honorary Prelate
762:Superior general
551:Personal prelate
539:Assistant pastor
448:Devil's advocate
298:Auxiliary bishop
293:Coadjutor bishop
283:Suffragan bishop
273:Major archbishop
216:Apostolic exarch
201:Apostolic Syndic
191:Apostolic nuncio
107:
95:Hierarchy of the
80:
73:
72:
53:religious orders
21:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5357:
5356:
5355:
5350:
5338:
5330:
5289:
5151:
5113:
5070:
5014:
5006:
4951:
4942:
4841:
4839:Catholic Church
4832:
4802:
4797:
4785:
4767:
4691:Sisters of Life
4382:
4336:Pauline Fathers
4259:Marist Brothers
4053:
4041:
4025:TOR Franciscans
3869:
3867:
3861:
3856:
3803:Wayback Machine
3791:Wayback Machine
3776:
3771:
3760:
3758:
3749:
3748:
3730:
3710:
3687:
3677:
3672:
3671:
3664:
3660:
3655:Wayback Machine
3646:
3642:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3620:
3613:
3609:
3599:
3597:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3531:
3527:
3520:
3516:
3506:
3504:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3478:
3469:Catholic Herald
3463:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3426:
3422:
3405:
3401:
3394:
3390:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3367:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3341:on 7 March 2013
3329:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3316:Wayback Machine
3307:
3303:
3298:Wayback Machine
3289:
3285:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3237:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3212:
3211:on 13 July 2011
3203:
3202:
3198:
3188:
3186:
3185:. History.ac.uk
3177:
3176:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3127:10.2307/3678563
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3067:. Newadvent.org
3063:
3062:
3053:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3030:
3022:
2985:
2976:
2967:
2963:
2953:
2951:
2942:
2941:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2913:on 5 March 2016
2910:
2903:
2895:
2894:
2885:
2875:
2873:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2825:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2794:
2793:
2784:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2733:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2658:
2646:Thomas Ă Kempis
2638:
2636:Notable figures
2610:
2603:(founded 1387).
2534:
2528:
2425:
2419:
2407:
2387:
2375:
2314:
2308:
2281:was founded at
2275:
2269:
2267:The Norbertines
2260:
1951:Pope John XXIII
1947:
1872:
1865:
1853:
1816:
1704:
1607:
1581:
1565:Devotio Moderna
1519:vita apostolica
1494:
1486:canonical hours
1456:(763), and the
1441:
1427:and elsewhere.
1413:vita apostolica
1404:
1402:Saint Augustine
1398:did similarly.
1372:Saint Augustine
1368:
1363:
1319:
1197:but also from:
1043:
1034:
994:
987:
986:
943:
935:
934:
775:
767:
766:
660:
652:
651:
369:
361:
360:
336:
268:Diocesan bishop
263:Bishop emeritus
211:Vicar apostolic
186:Papal majordomo
112:
97:Catholic Church
96:
61:clerics regular
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5395:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5367:Canons regular
5352:
5351:
5349:
5348:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5276:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5243:
5242:
5241:
5231:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5227:
5217:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5186:
5177:
5172:
5161:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5123:
5121:
5115:
5114:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5080:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4997:Vow of silence
4994:
4989:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4961:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4945:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4919:Cleric regular
4916:
4915:
4914:
4904:
4902:Canons regular
4899:
4898:
4897:
4892:
4887:
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4481:Hijas de JesĂşs
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3882:Assumptionists
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3847:
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3774:External links
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3471:, 9 June 2011"
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2626:Rule of Aachen
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2530:Main article:
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2271:Main article:
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1949:On 4 May 1959
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1925:, worn over a
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1815:
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1790:prior of Scone
1779:
1757:prior of Scone
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1642:and currently
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1323:Thomas Aquinas
1318:
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1301:Clerks regular
1296:
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1262:or in English
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1195:secular canons
1047:secular canons
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915:Protosyncellus
912:
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900:Promotor Fidei
897:
895:Prince-provost
892:
890:Prince-primate
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630:Judicial vicar
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603:Servant of God
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487:
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485:
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455:
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445:
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435:
434:
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423:
418:
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396:
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288:Titular bishop
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233:
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167:
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149:Cardinal Vicar
141:
140:
139:
126:
125:
114:
113:
108:
100:
99:
91:
90:
82:
81:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5394:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5336:
5333:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5321:Monastic cell
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5292:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
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5211:
5208:
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5198:
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5084:Contemplation
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4926:Congregations
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4912:Second orders
4910:
4909:
4908:
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4895:Idiorrhythmic
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4778:
4774:
4773:
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4763:White Sisters
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4755:
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4741:
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4342:Redemptorists
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4322:
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4013:Servite Order
4011:
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3999:
3997:
3994:
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3736:public domain
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2692:Hendrik Mande
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2554:Apostolic Age
2551:
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2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
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2446:Innocent VIII
2443:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2414:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2365:with a black
2364:
2360:
2357:with a black
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2323:Alexander VII
2319:
2313:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2264:
2255:
2251:
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2239:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2203:Vicar-General
2200:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:Maurice Tomay
2088:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2070:pastoral care
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1988:Divine Office
1984:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1945:Confederation
1942:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
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1892:
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1688:Milton Keynes
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4265:Mechitarists
4076:Augustinians
3978:Mercedarians
3912:Bridgettines
3906:Benedictines
3781:
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1979:Alexander II
1975:Peter Damian
1959:
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1180:White Canons
1179:
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1086:memento mori
1085:
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885:Prince-abbot
785:Altar server
700:Grand master
642:Vicar forane
507:Minor orders
502:Major orders
490:Lay cardinal
483:Commendatory
236:Metropolitan
181:Papal legate
69:
48:
33:
31:
29:
5280:Lay brother
5066:Scriptorium
4584:Poor Clares
4330:Passionists
4189:Gabrielites
3966:Franciscans
3936:Cistercians
3930:Carthusians
3680:Attribution
3534:"Q & A"
3507:14 February
3481:14 February
3381:14 February
3319:(in French)
3280:(in French)
3251:14 February
3215:14 February
3189:14 February
3163:14 February
3117:. 5th ser.
3098:14 February
3071:14 February
3044:14 February
2954:14 February
2917:14 February
2876:14 February
2847:14 February
2777:Rijksmuseum
2757:14 February
2468:Gilbertines
2295:St. Norbert
2082:Val d'Aosta
2044:canons and
2034:St. Bernard
2030:Switzerland
1782:St. Andrews
1764:Reformation
1720:St. Patrick
1716:St. Finnian
1640:Storrington
1624:Black Death
1596:vocabulary.
1474:In 816 the
1351:St. Patrick
1337:and on the
1276:Franciscans
1236:Cistercians
1216:Carthusians
1084:Visitation
1051:public vows
920:Regionarius
910:Protodeacon
905:Protopriest
845:Minor canon
346:Consecrator
110:Saint Peter
65:laybrothers
47:and κανών,
5361:Categories
5301:Asceticism
5175:Provincial
5099:Meditation
4992:Solemn vow
4987:Profession
4907:Mendicants
4775:See also:
4416:Brigidines
4206:Josephites
4194:Holy Cross
4155:(OFM Conv)
4141:Claretians
4100:Camillians
4082:Barnabites
3960:Dominicans
3924:Carmelites
3918:Canossians
3600:13 October
3450:12 October
2698:References
2672:Canonesses
2601:Windesheim
2550:canonesses
2532:Canonesses
2421:See also:
2351:indulgence
2343:Pope Leo X
2095:Dalai Lama
2048:under the
2038:avalanches
2006:archdeacon
1840:Innocent X
1836:Henry VIII
1708:Masspreost
1644:Chelmsford
1632:Manchester
1592:Praecepta.
1579:Ordo Novus
1552:cathedrals
1481:Chrodegang
1454:Chrodegang
1447:Chrodegang
1355:Chrodegang
1317:Background
1310:Barnabites
1280:Dominicans
1226:(friars),
1174:Norbertine
970:Inquisitor
870:Prebendary
865:Postulator
815:Chorbishop
800:Archdeacon
795:Archpriest
620:Seminarian
524:Officialis
514:Missionary
431:Archdeacon
384:Chancellor
258:Archbishop
246:Catholicos
5273:Postulant
5251:Anchorite
5104:Mysticism
5061:Refectory
5051:Hermitage
5012:Monastery
4980:Obedience
4880:Cenobitic
4757:Ursulines
4459:Felicians
4359:Salesians
4113:(OFM Cap)
4111:Capuchins
4088:Basilians
4030:Trappists
3143:162876748
3121:: 71–89.
3017:164775842
2816:15 August
2703:Citations
2622:St. Bruno
2608:Influence
2563:St. Basil
2283:Prémontré
2107:beatified
2042:professed
1855:Like the
1306:Theatines
1214:, or the
1126:Augustine
1094:Augustine
1055:cathedral
982:Preceptor
925:Sacristan
875:Precentor
855:Ostiarius
757:Religious
730:Postulant
680:Corrector
613:Venerable
583:Principal
566:Presbyter
546:Palatinus
529:Ostiarius
519:Monsignor
473:Lay abbot
443:Definitor
416:Consultor
411:Confessor
356:Subdeacon
241:Patriarch
164:Protector
5225:Basilian
5193:Prioress
5165:Superior
5147:Vestment
5142:Scapular
5137:Cornette
5036:Cloister
4975:Chastity
4890:Enclosed
4875:Monastic
4159:Crosiers
4003:(OPraem)
3980:(O de M)
3877:Alexians
3799:Archived
3787:Archived
3713:Muratori
3651:Archived
3312:Archived
3294:Archived
3009:27620086
2656:See also
2516:Lorraine
2496:Dauphiné
2359:scapular
2347:Leo XIII
2212:Dauphiné
2159:mozzetta
2151:Austrian
2113:in 1993.
2058:Martigny
1939:scapular
1884:Can.Reg.
1880:C.R.S.A.
1798:, which
1796:Holyrood
1702:Scotland
1694:and now
1692:Daventry
1636:Spalding
1521:and the
1380:Sigebert
1347:Monymusk
1188:Holy See
1184:Crosiers
850:Notarius
830:Datarius
646:Sub-dean
593:Reverend
556:Preacher
497:Minister
463:Exorcist
389:Chaplain
144:Cardinal
87:a series
85:Part of
5311:Tonsure
5210:Brother
5170:General
5157:Members
5041:Convent
4970:Poverty
4885:Chapter
4837:in the
4338:(OSPPE)
3938:(OCist)
3932:(OCart)
3926:(OCarm)
3738::
3695::
3675:Sources
3345:6 March
3135:3678563
2504:Bologna
2355:soutane
2291:Picardy
2285:, near
2155:cassock
2054:Provost
2024:in the
1927:cassock
1916:provost
1814:Ireland
1808:Oronsay
1786:Culdees
1776:Culdees
1753:Nostell
1732:Patrick
1728:Finnian
1724:Columba
1722:. Both
1664:Swanage
1660:Newquay
1656:St Ives
1605:England
1540:Ravenna
1492:Reforms
1361:History
1339:Simplon
1308:or the
1284:hermits
1154:(Latin
860:Peritus
780:Almoner
608:Blessed
561:Prefect
478:Abthain
379:Brother
374:Auditor
341:Acolyte
313:Pontiff
308:Provost
303:Prelate
278:Primate
57:secular
5285:Porter
5268:Oblate
5263:Master
5258:Novice
5246:Hermit
5234:Sister
5205:Rector
5184:Abbess
5109:Rosary
5076:Prayer
5056:Priory
5046:Double
4870:Orders
4860:Hermit
4598:(RSCJ)
4575:(ODNC)
4569:(OMVF)
4536:(SMIC)
4461:(CSSF)
4435:(FHIC)
4429:(CSST)
4423:(CSIC)
4387:Female
4373:(FSSR)
4344:(CSsR)
4320:(OSFS)
4285:(MSFS)
4273:(MCCI)
4202:(CSSp)
4185:(MFVA)
4131:(CICM)
4038:(OSST)
4032:(OCSO)
3950:(SSCC)
3920:(FDCC)
3914:(OSsS)
3870:female
3560:10 May
3539:10 May
3414:
3141:
3133:
3015:
3007:
2648:, and
2508:Sassia
2433:Helyot
2367:almuce
2363:rochet
2189:Zwolle
2103:martyr
2078:Valais
2074:Canton
2004:, the
1923:rochet
1741:Robert
1684:Harlow
1680:Epping
1672:Eltham
1658:, and
1648:Bodmin
1327:cleric
1244:Martha
1122:Austin
1090:Jerome
752:Rector
737:Oblate
720:Novice
705:Hermit
685:Custos
665:Abbess
578:Priest
534:Pastor
426:Deacon
421:Curate
351:Lector
253:Bishop
231:Eparch
159:Prince
89:on the
45:regula
5294:Other
5215:Friar
5189:Prior
5180:Abbot
5119:Habit
5026:Abbey
4847:Types
4759:(OSU)
4753:(SSS)
4747:(sss)
4736:(SPC)
4730:(RSJ)
4699:(RSM)
4647:(RGS)
4610:(SSJ)
4604:(RVM)
4586:(OSC)
4553:(MSC)
4542:(ICM)
4524:(MSC)
4513:(LGC)
4467:(MPF)
4396:(ASC)
4379:(CFX)
4367:(SJM)
4361:(SDB)
4350:(RCJ)
4326:(OFM)
4314:(OMV)
4308:(OMI)
4297:(MSC)
4291:(MOP)
4267:(CAM)
4261:(FMS)
4255:(SSE)
4249:(SVD)
4225:(MIC)
4208:(SSJ)
4196:(CSC)
4179:(CFR)
4173:(OAD)
4167:(FSC)
4161:(OSC)
4149:(CST)
4143:(CMF)
4137:(SSS)
4125:(CDD)
4119:(CFC)
4096:(FDM)
4090:(CSB)
4078:(OSA)
4067:(CRM)
4015:(OSM)
3974:(IVE)
3968:(OFM)
3956:(OCD)
3944:(NDS)
3908:(OSB)
3890:(OAR)
3717:Migne
3709:, cf.
3375:(PDF)
3368:(PDF)
3245:(PDF)
3238:(PDF)
3139:S2CID
3131:JSTOR
3038:(PDF)
3031:(PDF)
3013:S2CID
3005:JSTOR
2911:(PDF)
2904:(PDF)
2810:(PDF)
2803:(PDF)
2442:James
2289:, in
2099:lamas
2050:Abbot
2010:Aosta
1983:Lucca
1935:tunic
1931:tunic
1912:prior
1908:abbot
1900:abbey
1749:canon
1696:Luton
1652:Truro
1600:life.
1203:Monks
1176:Order
1152:order
930:Usher
820:Coarb
805:Canon
742:Prior
690:Friar
670:Abbot
625:Vicar
598:Saint
571:Elder
468:Laity
406:Coarb
154:Crown
49:kanon
41:Latin
5220:Monk
5132:Coif
5094:Mass
5017:List
4957:Vows
4693:(SV)
4631:(DC)
4592:(MC)
4530:(MM)
4402:(AC)
4332:(CP)
4279:(MS)
4243:(SM)
4237:(SM)
4231:(SJ)
4214:(LC)
4102:(MI)
4058:Male
4021:(SA)
4009:(SC)
3992:(CS)
3986:(MC)
3962:(OP)
3902:(BC)
3896:(BA)
3884:(AA)
3866:Male
3765:help
3602:2014
3562:2022
3541:2022
3509:2014
3483:2014
3452:2014
3412:ISBN
3383:2014
3347:2013
3253:2014
3217:2014
3191:2014
3165:2014
3100:2014
3073:2014
3046:2014
2956:2014
2919:2014
2878:2014
2849:2014
2818:2019
2759:2014
2512:Alga
2466:The
2389:The
2379:C.R.
2287:Laon
2277:The
2179:'s,
2169:The
2129:The
2118:The
2026:Alps
1996:The
1958:The
1937:and
1874:The
1869:CRSA
1726:and
1670:and
1638:and
1394:and
1390:and
1250:The
1240:Mary
1234:and
1156:ordo
1068:vows
715:Monk
695:Dean
132:Pope
32:The
5239:Nun
4779:of
4084:(B)
3868:and
3123:doi
2997:doi
2993:224
2722:doi
2321:by
2109:by
2076:of
2020:at
2008:of
1929:or
1914:or
1882:or
1678:at
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1266:or
1172:or
1162:or
1070:of
725:Nun
5363::
3756::
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