2835:
72:
2728:
132:
102:
4476:
3881:
3916:
3891:
3933:
769:
3901:
4522:
4000:
4044:
4013:
4063:
44:
3860:
1118:
4026:
1290:. Summers are hot and muggy, with an abundance of precipitation caused by thunderstorms from easterly winds. In addition, the islands can be affected by cyclones in the austral summer (between November and April). Winters are warm and humid, with easterly winds still creating high precipitation amounts. Far from any landmasses, the Tupua'i islands have a low absolute temperature range – a record high of 32.7 °C (90.9 °F) in March and a record low of 9.2 °C (48.6 °F) in August.
4168:
1241:
2651:
2898:
2884:
58:
139:
109:
79:
2760:, 2 on Tubuai Island: the Church of Mary and the Church of Saint Joseph (Église de Maria no te Hau; Église de Saint-Joseph) one on Rurutu Island: the Church of Saint Francis Regis (Église de Saint-François-Régis), and one more on Raivavae Island: the Church of Saint Peter (Église de Saint-Pierre). According to 1991 data, Protestant Christian groups represent the majority on these islands.
2870:
1255:
rocks with no protective coral reef. Maria, on the other hand, the oldest, is an atoll whose volcanic central island sank into the sea long ago, leaving only four motus. The remaining islands are classic atolls with a central island, a coral reef and a fringe of coral islands in the various stages of
760:
schooner Cora arrived at Rapa. Thirteen chiefs met and decided to capture the ship and crew and hand them over to the French authorities in Tahiti. A group of warriors sneaked aboard the Cora and seized the captain. The crew surrendered without resistance. Five sailors decided to stay on the island
2799:
Indeed, passing ships received numerous offerings but also plundered some of the islands' sites, notably the missionaries of the London
Missionary Society, anxious to eradicate all traces of ancient worship. The marae, Polynesian places of worship, were thus excavated and gradually disappeared. In
1236:
east-southeast of Bass Rocks (Marotori) to about 40 meters below sea level. The geologically oldest, more eroded and fractured islands are in the northwest, the younger ones in the southeast of the chain. The geological age of the basaltic rocks ranges from 28.6 million years on
Rimatara in the
691:
on April 28, 1789, off Tofua, the ship first headed for Tubuai, but only stayed there for a week before sailing for Tahiti. Armed with provisions and several
Tahitian women, the mutineers returned to Tubuai to settle. However, internal disputes and bloody clashes with the islanders, in which 66
1920:). Despite being situated south of the Tropic of Capricorn, the remote location in the middle of a tropical ocean enables the climate to be moderated in all seasons. Summers and winters are slightly cooler than in the Tupua'i Islands, and cyclones are rarer, as the islands are located near the
480:
fiber weaving skills. The islands of Maria and
Marotiri are not suitable for sustained habitation. Several of the islands have uninhabited islets or rocks off their coastlines. Austral Islands' population is 6,965 on almost 150 km (58 sq mi). The capital of the Austral Islands
550:, a near-beach settlement was excavated beginning in 1995 under the direction of American archaeologist Mark Eddowes, probably from a very early settlement phase. Food remains from the waste pits suggest that the inhabitants fed mainly on shellfish (fish, mussels, crustaceans) from the
573:, a stratified tribal society developed rapidly in settlements near the beach. The structure of the settlements reflected the social order. There were strictly separate dwellings, built of perishable materials, for the aristocracy, the priests, the middle class (artisans, artists),
561:
with other settlements, was an integral part of the economy. Dating of charcoal remains yielded dates of 1453 (±150 years) and 1113 (±50 years). According to the current state of research, an initial settlement of the
Austral Islands can be assumed at the beginning of the
1924:
at thirty degrees south. Precipitation is abundant in all seasons, and sunshine is uncommon every month of the year. The cool winters and strong winds prohibit ultra tropical fruits such as coconuts to thrive, as it has dropped to 8.5 °C (47.3 °F) in
September.
728:
He left as governor one of his
Tahitian chiefs, who prepared the ground for the LMS Protestant missionaries who followed from Moorea a year later. The conversion to Christianity was peaceful, as the chiefs assimilated the new religion quickly and without resistance.
603:
and the eastern
Pacific in 1956, led by Thor Heyerdahl, determined an antiquity of between 200 and 300 years for a fortified settlement on Rapa's Morongo Uta hill and dated the Hatututi castle complex of Raivavae to 1700 AD. Numerous wars and probably also
2720:; there are no large cities in the Austral Islands. Unlike other regions of Polynesia, the population of the Austral Islands has declined since the mid-1990s. The reason is the high migration of young people from the isolated archipelago to other parts of
2842:
Numerous other figures carved in wood or even in stone for the marae, carved wooden fly swatters generally with anthropomorphic figures, sometimes even with ivory handles, large decorated spoons as well as highly decorated bowls have been found in the
2515:
terrestrial ecoregion. The natural vegetation consisted of lowland and montane rain forests. Much of the original forest has been mostly cleared for pasture and agriculture. The islands are home to several endemic plants and animals, including the
725:(LMS) to the Austral Islands in October 1819. Lewis was rewarded with Raivavae sandalwood. The clans were engaged in one of their usual tribal wars. Pomaré managed to mediate between the warring parties and resolve the conflict diplomatically.
3204:
Captain Cook’s
Journal during his first voyage round the world made in H.M. Bark “Endeavour” 1768–71. A Literal Transcription of the Original Mss. with Notes and Introduction edited by Captain W.J.L. Wharton, R.N., F.R.S. Hydrographer of the
2815:
in London. There is a reproduction on the island. It is composed of thirty small figures sculpted on its body; its back had a cavity that could accommodate twenty-four other small sculptures which were however destroyed in 1822.
2661:
has barely touched the islands so far, and the tourist infrastructure is still underdeveloped. The islands can be reached by regular supply boat from Tahiti and by light aircraft from Tahiti-Faa'a airport. There are airfields at
2616:
and goat grazing, and open grasslands have formed with few low-growing trees. Dense stands of ferns have established in the narrow, moist crevices. The higher elevations in the lee of the mountains are arid in places.
2563:
aborigines. On the uninhabited Maria Atoll, ancient, largely undestroyed native vegetation can be found. On Rapa, too, there are still small remnants of the original montane rainforest in inaccessible steep areas.
756:. A strong group of armed men was put ashore to capture workers by force. But the inhabitants retreated to the mountain forts and the occupants had to leave without having achieved anything. A few days later, the
3312:
vom Juli 1999 Jean-Louis
Tamatoa Candelot: Opera-bouffe in the tropics – When two small kingdoms wanted to become English (History of Rurutu and Rimatara). In: Tahiti-Pacific Magazine vom Juli 1999
2575:) the vegetation is dominated by secondary growth. Beach vegetation differs little from that of other Pacific island groups, but is less species-rich. In the few areas undisturbed by man,
3782:
721:
was crowned king in 1819, it decided to extend its sphere of influence to the Austral Islands. Captain Lewis' American brig brought the king, his court and several missionaries from the
1232:
The Austral Islands form a chain of seven islands extending from southeast to northwest. They are the product of a hot spot beneath the still active Macdonald seamount, which rises 338
512:
excavations have been carried out so far. The date of the earliest settlement is unclear, as radiocarbon dates are scarcely available. However, due to their peripheral location in the
539:
archaeologist Patrick Vinton Kirch has further suggested that the Austral Islands, the southern Cook Islands, and the Society Islands should be seen as one extended cultural family.
706:, Rimatara in 1811 by British Tahitian sandalwood trader Samuel Pinder Henry, and Maria Atoll was finally discovered for the Western Hemisphere in 1824 by Nantucket whaling captain
2639:, tubers (taro and yams) and tropical and subtropical fruits. The products are mainly consumed by the farmers themselves, and small surpluses are exported to Tahiti. In addition,
2921:
2612:), probably introduced by Europeans, has also spread widely and forms extensive tangled stands up to middle elevations. However, large areas have been damaged by previous
4239:
3826:
3609:
3848:
791:. One exception was two small islands that the colonial powers of France and Britain had apparently overlooked. Rurutu, under King Teuruarii IV, and Rimatara, under
3555:
71:
787:
over Tubuai in 1874 and Raivavae in 1876. With the end of the Pomaré dynasty-the last king of Tahiti was Pomaré V-the islands were annexed in 1880 and became a
3802:
1167:
The islands of Maria and Marotiri are not suitable for sustained habitation. Several of the islands have uninhabited islets or rocks off their coastlines.
646:
was also on the ship. A large number of armed warriors were walking along the shore. As Cook had ordered to avoid any risk, the Pinasse returned to the
584:
settlements were abandoned, probably in the seventeenth or eighteenth century. The inhabitants retreated to heavily fortified settlements in the inland
496:
vessels were among the earliest and most consistent visitors to the islands in the 19th century. The first such vessel for which a record exists is the
3457:
3392:
2788:
originating from the Austral Islands are quite numerous and the works of art produced there have often been judged as the most remarkable produced in
3969:
3811:
2962:
4410:
3982:
3841:
3778:
3049:
Where the whalers went : an index to the Pacific ports and islands visited by American whalers (and some other ships) in the 19th century
4249:
4188:
2621:
1194:
3856:
4152:
3339:
2911:
131:
4452:
3834:
636:
1201:). Geographically, the administrative subdivision of the Austral Islands is identical with the constituency of the Austral Islands (
3696:
3667:
3638:
788:
4354:
4288:
3593:
4379:
4203:
3962:
3603:
3549:
2757:
2804:, for example, out of sixty-two marae present at the beginning of the 20th century, only twenty-three remain visible today.
669:
with Lieutenant Benarcosi and two translators, but they were prevented from landing in Mahanatoa Bay by several war canoes.
181:
4324:
3025:
3425:
101:
4613:
3306:
Opera-bouffe sous les tropiques – Lorsque deux petits royaumes voulurent devenir anglais (Histoire de Rurutu et Rimatara)
1133:
1087:
1032:
995:
958:
921:
884:
4384:
4208:
4198:
4053:
3924:
3051:. Canberra: Pacific Manuscripts Bureau, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. p. 1.
2916:
3816:
3539:
4048:
3919:
3514:
3333:
3194:. In: Abenteuer Archäologie, Heft 4, 2006, p. 8 Rise and fall on Rapa. In: Adventure Archaeology, Issue 4, 2006, p. 8
3125:
3092:
3056:
2993:
2834:
2807:
The best known work of art stolen from the Austral Islands is certainly the sculpture of the God A'a, discovered in
535:. For example, chief Tamatoa of Tubuai believed that he was descended from an ariki from the island of Raiatea. The
4339:
4329:
3955:
3799:
3754:
1917:
1897:
1283:
4475:
3932:
3915:
3900:
3890:
3880:
1909:
1889:
1279:
859:. Geographically, the Austral Islands consist of two separate archipelagos. From northwest to southeast they are:
4534:
3163:
Initial Results from Atiahara and Tetaitapu, Two Coastal Settlement Sites, Upon the Islands of Tubuai and Tahiti.
1875:
1182:
456:
1286:), but relatively cool compared to the Polynesian islands further north, as the Tupua'i islands are around the
772:
Royal family and chiefs of Rurutu. The young king, the regent, group of chiefs and inhabitants of Rurutu, 1889.
628:
reached the island, which he named Ohetiroa, during his first voyage to the Pacific on August 14, 1769. After
4445:
4344:
4293:
4254:
4234:
4176:
4118:
2512:
543:
archaeologist Atholl John Anderson has argued similarly that the island of Rapa was settled around 1200 A.D.
4521:
3446:
3381:
2643:
and livestock (chickens and pigs) are raised for local consumption. Some copra, coffee in small quantities (
4244:
4222:
2931:
2690:(Pays d'outre-mer – POM) and are therefore affiliated with the EU. They are administered by a subdivision (
1214:
2847:. Overall, these works are finely decorated with great complexity and often with anthropomorphic figures.
676:
in March 1777 during his third voyage, but also failed to set foot on the island. His report was known to
516:, scholars suspect that the Austral Islands were colonized relatively late, possibly by visitors from the
4403:
4268:
4193:
4137:
4125:
2705:
is politically divided into 5 municipalities (Communes des Îles Australes), which administer themselves.
1881:
1271:
48:
3085:
On the road of the winds : an archaeological history of the Pacific islands before European contact
4101:
737:
of the tribal leaders had been broken. The Austral Islands initially remained under Tahitian hegemony.
733:
put an end to tribal warfare, but brought about decisive changes in the stratified tribal society. The
661:
on February 5, 1775, with the ships Águila and Júpiter as part of an expedition to Tahiti initiated by
473:
413:
4091:
4419:
4359:
4334:
2954:
2926:
1901:
722:
4880:
4438:
4349:
4167:
4086:
707:
662:
635:
anchored off the island for the night, Cook launched the pinnace the next day under the command of
2727:
4606:
4319:
2632:
799:
expressed no interest in the islands, Rurutu came under French suzerainty on March 27, 1889, and
4778:
4157:
2753:
808:
761:
as guests. A subsequent attempt by the barque Misti to capture the work was abandoned when the
3323:
2583:
2517:
848:
291:
4710:
608:
of natural resources may have drastically reduced the population even before the arrival of
476:(also known as Bass Rocks or Îlots de Bass). Inhabitants of the islands are known for their
4369:
4307:
4113:
4078:
2773:
795:, initially remained independent kingdoms. After an exchange of diplomatic notes and after
688:
609:
354:
8:
4630:
4364:
4142:
2674:. The administrative budget of the Austral Islands is largely financed by France and the
1287:
513:
424:. Geographically, they consist of two separate archipelagos, namely in the northwest the
4745:
4599:
3746:
3595:
A Global Church History: The Great Tradition through Cultures, Continents and Centuries
2602:
2593:
2533:
1175:
677:
4430:
3688:
3659:
3630:
3169:, Instituto de Estudio de Isla de Pasqua, Universidad Santiago de Chile 1999, pp. 7–30
3118:
Raʻivavae : archaeological survey of Raʻivavae, Austral Islands, French Polynesia
4808:
4735:
4663:
4570:
4147:
4130:
4096:
4031:
3904:
3738:
3599:
3545:
3520:
3510:
3453:
3388:
3329:
3131:
3121:
3098:
3088:
3062:
3052:
2999:
2989:
2543:
Most of the islands are surrounded by coral reefs. The islands constitute a distinct
2453:
1865:
1818:
1171:
531:
The Noble families of the Austral Islands and the clans of the Society Islands share
401:
342:
4106:
768:
4798:
4700:
4680:
4648:
4465:
3978:
3868:
3859:
3730:
3017:
2875:
2769:
2687:
2544:
1206:
1190:
844:
730:
699:
605:
409:
350:
296:
3482:
2792:
However, almost none of these works can be found on these islands but in renowned
2768:
The official language, as in the rest of France, is French. In everyday life, the
1932:
Climate data for Rapa, French Polynesia, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1951–present
752:
as slave labor. In December 1862, a fleet of five ships anchored in Rapa's Ahurei
500:
in 1813. These ships came for fresh drinking water, firewood and food provisions.
4668:
4658:
4575:
4565:
4036:
4018:
3909:
3894:
3820:
3806:
3367:
In: Foulger, G. R., Natland, J. H., Presnall, D. C., and Anderson, D.L., (eds.):
2749:
2635:. The very fertile soils and the warm and humid climate make it possible to grow
2608:
2577:
2525:
1921:
1070:
868:
828:
517:
461:
431:
390:
338:
1026:
451:
242:
4823:
4783:
4763:
4715:
4695:
4486:
3417:
2903:
2889:
2854:
have been discovered, such as elaborate hairstyles as well as large crowns and
2812:
2675:
2613:
1185:) constitute an administrative subdivision, the Tuha'a Pae or Austral Islands (
1117:
796:
714:
563:
20:
3734:
3267:
Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands.
43:
4874:
4788:
4643:
3742:
3003:
2745:
2332:
1697:
1148:
1135:
1102:
1089:
1047:
1034:
1010:
997:
973:
960:
936:
923:
899:
886:
629:
600:
536:
346:
196:
183:
169:
4511:
3947:
3524:
3135:
3102:
3066:
878:
588:, comparable to the Pā of New Zealand. On Rapa Island, for example, 15 such
508:
The prehistory of the Austral Islands is largely in the dark, as only a few
439:
4768:
4753:
4638:
1240:
784:
757:
741:
643:
525:
776:
718:
692:
Tubuans were killed, caused the Bounty to depart only three months later.
4854:
4833:
4685:
4374:
3864:
3262:
2844:
2702:
2560:
780:
734:
703:
540:
509:
3750:
3718:
2600:
At lower elevations, outside of cultivated areas, there are thickets of
4859:
2828:
2741:
2636:
1266:
1233:
1221:
989:
804:
792:
681:
625:
482:
426:
234:
57:
3719:"The Tahitian Churches and the Problem of the French Presence in 1991"
2650:
4622:
4280:
3282:
University of the South Pacific Press, Suva (Fidschi) 1986, pp. 39–41
2897:
2789:
2721:
2667:
654:
521:
366:
216:
952:
447:
306:
238:
4828:
4673:
4580:
4544:
4539:
4501:
4496:
4068:
3936:
2855:
2801:
2644:
2568:
1252:
1127:
1081:
915:
800:
695:
658:
557:
The processing of mussel shells, probably also for the exchange of
477:
469:
443:
246:
4813:
4838:
4803:
4793:
4720:
2883:
2785:
2717:
2658:
2640:
2597:
predominate, with shrubby and creeping plants in the understory.
1220:
The capital of the Austral Islands administrative subdivision is
856:
762:
589:
574:
532:
493:
421:
3371:, Geological Society of America Special Paper No. 388, pp. 71–90
2694:) of the High Commissariat of the Republic in French Polynesia (
1297:
Climate data for Tubuai (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1948−2014)
657:
Tomás de Gayangos was the first European to reach the island of
620:
Rurutu was the first of the Austral Islands to be discovered by
4818:
4730:
4705:
4506:
4491:
3223:
Bertrand, Paris 1837; englische Übersetzung: Arthur R. Borden:
2851:
2850:
Other objects used to dress the people or personalities of the
2808:
2793:
2663:
2572:
2559:
of the Austral Islands has already been modified mainly by the
852:
673:
666:
621:
596:
551:
547:
417:
374:
713:
After the Pomaré dynasty consolidated its rule in Tahiti with
554:. Other food animals included pigs, chickens and Pacific rat.
4758:
4725:
3365:
Ages of seamounts, islands and plateaus on the Pacific plate.
3328:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 342.
2922:
Islands controlled by France in the Indian and Pacific oceans
2824:
2666:, Tubuai, Raivavae and Rimatara. The currency is (still) the
2556:
1237:
northwest to 3.3 million years on Marotiri in the southeast.
749:
585:
581:
570:
558:
4591:
2819:
The Austral Islands are also known for their large vertical
1181:
In administrative terms, the Austral Islands (including the
744:" began, who took more than 3500 South Pacific islanders to
4773:
4690:
2820:
2671:
1251:
Marotiri, the youngest island, is merely a group of rugged
745:
647:
569:
After initial settlement in caves and rock ledges near the
3120:. Los Osos, CA: The Easter Island Foundation. p. 15.
2716:
The 6,820 inhabitants (2012 census) live mainly in small
2696:
Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie française
753:
3321:
2631:
The inhabitants of the Austral Islands live mainly from
615:
4460:
2647:
and Rurutu) and vanilla (Rurutu) are grown for export.
875:), named for one of the main islands. They consist of:
3504:
3580:
Recensement de la population 2012, Tableaux standards
3505:
Mueller-Dombois, Dieter; Fosberg, F. Raymond (1998).
3578:
Institut Statistique de Polynésie Française (ISPF):
3087:. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.
2959:
Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française
2865:
807:
took place in 1900, Rimatara and Rurutu also became
3152:. In: Antiquity, Vol. 80 vom Juni 2006, pp. 340–354
3150:
Prehistoric human impacts on Rapa, French Polynesia
2776:, is often spoken, but with a tendency to decline.
783:to France. As a result, France formally declared a
2858:of hair or feathers with shell or ivory pendants.
2686:Politically, the Austral Islands today belong to
912:) in the northwest, part of Rimatara municipality
4872:
3322:Gillespie, Rosemary G.; David A. Clague (2009).
740:In 1862, a two-year incursion of the so-called "
2731:Notice written in French in the old Fort George
1187:subdivision administrative des (Îles) Australes
35:Îles Australes (French) / Tuha'a Pae (Tahitian)
3592:Cone, Steven D.; Rea, Robert F. (2019-09-05).
4607:
4446:
3977:
3963:
3842:
3227:University Press of America, Lanham (MD) 1993
3215:
3213:
2724:or to France for their better job prospects.
2692:Subdivision administrative des Îles Australes
1161:) in the southeast, part of Rapa municipality
3374:
3269:The Scarecrow Press, Lanham (MD) 2005, p. XX
3225:Travels to the Islands of the Pacific Ocean.
2622:List of endemic plants of the Tubuai Islands
837:
4153:Annexation of the Leeward Islands by France
2912:French overseas departments and territories
843:) are the southernmost group of islands in
408:) are the southernmost group of islands in
4614:
4600:
4453:
4439:
3970:
3956:
3849:
3835:
3507:Vegetation of the tropical Pacific islands
3210:
3182:Doubleday & Co., New York 1961, p. 101
2681:
56:
3253:University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu 1991
665:. The next day Gayangos had a ship leave
3363:Valérie Clouard & Alain Bonneville:
2988:(in Spanish). Le Pontet: A. Barthélemy.
2949:
2947:
2833:
2726:
2649:
1239:
1116:
767:
3591:
3537:
3167:Easter Island and Polynesian Prehistory
3115:
3046:
2983:
2838:Display of objects from Austral Islands
2698:) in Papeete, on the island of Tahiti.
2589:Argusia argentea, Tournefortia argentea
138:
108:
78:
4873:
3463:from the original on February 10, 2021
580:Due to increasing tribal warfare, the
4595:
4434:
3951:
3830:
3773:
3771:
3716:
3574:
3572:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3398:from the original on January 18, 2022
3359:
3357:
3240:Berlin Verlag, Berlin 2003, pp. 26–28
3165:In: Pataricia Vargas Casanova (ed.):
3082:
2944:
616:European exploration and colonization
19:For the island in the Antarctic, see
3078:
3076:
2756:and administer 4 churches under the
672:James Cook discovered the island of
650:without having attempted a landing.
3779:"Carved wooden figure known as A'a"
3509:. New York: Springer. p. 400.
2708:The official time zone is UTC −10.
2511:The Austral islands constitute the
1900:), bordering on a very-mild winter
577:, adolescents and pubescent girls.
546:At Atiahara, on the north coast of
13:
3812:Archives, municipalities with maps
3768:
3569:
3493:
3354:
3342:from the original on 19 April 2016
3028:from the original on 30 April 2020
2917:Administrative divisions of France
2740:The majority of the population is
2567:On the four larger islands (Rapa,
1203:circonscription des Îles Australes
14:
4892:
4558:Archipelagos of French Polynesia:
3823: (archived December 23, 2010)
3793:
3295:. Palgrave, New York 2002, p. 135
3073:
2965:from the original on 27 June 2019
2581:palm, heliotropes of the species
1174:. The only active volcano is the
1170:The chain is associated with the
680:, the leader of the mutineers on
468:) composed of the main island of
4520:
4474:
4166:
4061:
4042:
4024:
4011:
3998:
3931:
3914:
3899:
3889:
3879:
3858:
3785:from the original on 2007-10-14.
3660:"Église de Saint-François-Régis"
3293:A History of the Pacific Islands
3251:Who´s Who in Pacific Navigation.
3221:Voyages aux îles du Grand Océan.
2896:
2882:
2868:
1918:Trewartha climate classification
1898:Trewartha climate classification
1284:Trewartha climate classification
256:152 km (59 sq mi)
137:
130:
107:
100:
77:
70:
42:
3757:from the original on 2021-08-15
3710:
3699:from the original on 2021-08-14
3681:
3670:from the original on 2021-08-14
3652:
3641:from the original on 2021-08-14
3623:
3612:from the original on 2022-09-26
3585:
3558:from the original on 2022-04-07
3531:
3483:"Tubuai tropical moist forests"
3475:
3439:
3428:from the original on 2021-08-06
3410:
3315:
3298:
3285:
3272:
3256:
3243:
3230:
3197:
3185:
2823:or "pahu" often decorated with
2811:and currently exhibited at the
2711:
16:Archipelago in French Polynesia
3817:Oceandots.com satellite images
3723:The Journal of Pacific History
3172:
3155:
3142:
3109:
3083:Kirch, Patrick Vinton (2000).
3040:
3010:
2977:
481:administrative subdivision is
1:
4621:
3538:Stanley, David (2011-04-05).
3382:"climate of Tubuai 1981–2010"
3369:Plates, plumes, and paradigms
3304:Jean-Louis Tamatoa Candelot:
3148:Atholl John Anderson et al.:
3047:Langdon, Robert, ed. (1984).
2937:
2550:
2513:Tubuai tropical moist forests
1910:Köppen climate classification
1890:Köppen climate classification
1280:Köppen climate classification
803:on March 29, 1889, The final
599:archaeological expedition to
503:
3219:Jacques-Antoine Moerenhout:
2932:Politics of French Polynesia
2827:figures that often welcomed
2763:
2744:mostly belonging to various
1215:Assembly of French Polynesia
1211:circonscriptions électorales
814:
779:of Tahiti ceded part of her
765:learned of the Cora's fate.
450:, Tupua'i Island proper and
91:Show map of French Polynesia
7:
2861:
2831:explorers or missionaries.
2735:
2405:Average precipitation days
2191:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2051:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1882:tropical rainforest climate
1770:Average precipitation days
1556:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1416:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1272:tropical rainforest climate
1199:subdivision administratives
1195:administrative subdivisions
454:, and in the southeast the
49:Flag of the Austral Islands
10:
4897:
3192:Aufstieg und Fall auf Rapa
2779:
2626:
2619:
2506:
2498:
1931:
1863:
1296:
1259:
1227:
698:was discovered in 1791 by
488:
18:
4847:
4744:
4736:Wallis and Futuna Islands
4629:
4553:
4529:
4518:
4481:
4472:
4397:
4315:
4306:
4276:
4267:
4230:
4221:
4184:
4175:
4164:
4077:
3989:
3875:
3735:10.1080/00223349108572673
3598:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
3310:Tahiti-Pacifique Magazine
3207:Elliot Stock, London 1893
3116:Edwards, Edmundo (2005).
2927:List of islands of France
2670:, which is pegged to the
2451:
2404:
2330:
2260:
2190:
2120:
2050:
1980:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1902:humid subtropical climate
1816:
1769:
1695:
1625:
1555:
1485:
1415:
1345:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
723:London Missionary Society
708:George Washington Gardner
365:
360:
334:
326:
318:
313:
302:
290:
281:
276:
268:
264:650 m (2130 ft)
260:
252:
230:
222:
212:
175:
165:
160:
151:Show map of Pacific Ocean
64:
55:
41:
31:
4189:Administrative divisions
3689:"Église de Saint-Pierre"
3631:"Église de Saint-Joseph"
2986:L'archipel des Australes
1282:, Arab according to the
1121:Tubuai, Austral Islands.
663:Manuel de Amat y Junyent
3325:Encyclopedia of Islands
2772:, which belongs to the
2752:. Catholics follow the
2682:Politics and government
2633:subsistence agriculture
1209:'s six constituencies (
399:Archipel des Australes;
4158:Bombardment of Papeete
3489:. World Wildlife Fund.
3487:Terrestrial Ecoregions
3447:"Fiche Climatologique"
3291:Steven Roger Fischer:
3022:Tahiti Travel Planners
2984:Guillin, Jean (2001).
2839:
2796:in Western countries.
2758:Archdiocese of Papeete
2732:
2655:
2522:Acrocephalus rimatarae
1248:
1247:in the Austral Islands
1245:Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
1149:27.91667°S 143.43333°W
1122:
1103:27.58333°S 144.33333°W
1074:
1048:23.86667°S 147.66667°W
1011:23.38333°S 149.45000°W
974:22.48444°S 151.33417°W
937:22.64028°S 152.83778°W
900:21.80000°S 154.68333°W
872:
839:Archipel des Australes
838:
832:
773:
702:, Marotiri in 1800 by
465:
435:
405:
394:
361:Additional information
330:43/km (111/sq mi)
309: (pop. 2,466)
261:Highest elevation
4848:Polynesian-influenced
3717:Saura, Bruno (1991).
3544:. Avalon Publishing.
2837:
2730:
2653:
2584:Heliotropium arboreum
2518:Rimatara reed warbler
2499:Source: Meteo France
1243:
1154:-27.91667; -143.43333
1120:
1108:-27.58333; -144.33333
1053:-23.86667; -147.66667
1016:-23.38333; -149.45000
979:-22.48444; -151.33417
942:-22.64028; -152.83778
905:-21.80000; -154.68333
849:overseas collectivity
771:
4114:Kingdom of Bora Bora
3280:Slavers in Paradise.
3236:Caroline Alexander:
2774:Polynesian languages
1981:Record high °C (°F)
1346:Record high °C (°F)
689:mutiny of the Bounty
592:have been recorded.
564:second millennium AD
438:) consisting of the
355:Polynesian languages
4746:Polynesian outliers
4631:Polynesian triangle
4365:Order of Tahiti Nui
4143:Franco-Tahitian War
4138:Monarchs of Raiatea
4126:Monarchs of Huahine
3278:Henry Evans Maude:
3265:& John Robson:
2261:Record low °C (°F)
2121:Daily mean °C (°F)
1626:Record low °C (°F)
1486:Daily mean °C (°F)
1288:Tropic of Capricorn
1145: /
1099: /
1080:the main island of
1044: /
1007: /
970: /
933: /
896: /
514:Polynesian Triangle
193: /
121:Show map of Oceania
28:
4289:Telecommunications
3805:2019-06-07 at the
3018:"Australs Resorts"
2840:
2733:
2656:
2603:Hibiscus tiliaceus
2594:Pandanus tectorius
2530:Ptilonopus huttoni
1249:
1176:Macdonald seamount
1123:
774:
678:Fletcher Christian
303:Largest settlement
269:Highest point
26:
4868:
4867:
4664:Marquesas Islands
4589:
4588:
4428:
4427:
4393:
4392:
4302:
4301:
4263:
4262:
4250:Political parties
4240:High Commissioner
4217:
4216:
4148:Jarnac Convention
4131:House of Teururai
4097:Kingdom of Tahiti
4092:Polynesian people
4032:Marquesas Islands
3945:
3944:
3905:Marquesas Islands
3605:978-0-567-67307-7
3551:978-1-61238-114-5
3418:"Rapa Iti Island"
3178:Donald Marshall:
2746:Protestant groups
2503:
2502:
1871:
1870:
1278:according to the
1172:Macdonald hotspot
383:
382:
4888:
4701:Pitcairn Islands
4681:Hawaiian Islands
4649:French Polynesia
4616:
4609:
4602:
4593:
4592:
4524:
4478:
4466:French Polynesia
4455:
4448:
4441:
4432:
4431:
4413:
4406:
4313:
4312:
4284:
4274:
4273:
4228:
4227:
4199:Cities and towns
4182:
4181:
4170:
4069:Tuamotus Islands
4067:
4065:
4064:
4054:Windward Islands
4047:
4046:
4045:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4004:
4002:
4001:
3979:French Polynesia
3972:
3965:
3958:
3949:
3948:
3935:
3925:Windward Islands
3918:
3903:
3893:
3883:
3869:French Polynesia
3863:
3862:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3828:
3827:
3787:
3786:
3775:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3714:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3589:
3583:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3502:
3491:
3490:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3462:
3451:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3422:Tropical Islands
3414:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3386:
3378:
3372:
3361:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3319:
3313:
3302:
3296:
3289:
3283:
3276:
3270:
3260:
3254:
3247:
3241:
3234:
3228:
3217:
3208:
3201:
3195:
3189:
3183:
3176:
3170:
3159:
3153:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3080:
3071:
3070:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2951:
2906:
2901:
2900:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2878:
2876:Geography portal
2873:
2872:
2871:
2770:Austral language
2688:French Polynesia
2654:Tubuai City Hall
2545:marine ecoregion
2408:
1929:
1928:
1773:
1294:
1293:
1207:French Polynesia
1191:French Polynesia
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
1000:
985:
984:
982:
981:
980:
975:
971:
968:
967:
966:
963:
948:
947:
945:
944:
943:
938:
934:
931:
930:
929:
926:
911:
910:
908:
907:
906:
901:
897:
894:
893:
892:
889:
845:French Polynesia
841:
793:Queen Tamaeva IV
731:Christianization
700:George Vancouver
606:overexploitation
414:overseas country
410:French Polynesia
297:French Polynesia
208:
207:
205:
204:
203:
198:
197:23.88°S 147.67°W
194:
191:
190:
189:
186:
152:
141:
140:
134:
122:
111:
110:
104:
92:
81:
80:
74:
60:
46:
29:
25:
4896:
4895:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4881:Austral Islands
4871:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4843:
4740:
4669:Society Islands
4659:Gambier Islands
4654:Austral Islands
4625:
4620:
4590:
4585:
4549:
4525:
4516:
4479:
4468:
4462:Austral Islands
4459:
4429:
4424:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4389:
4298:
4282:
4259:
4213:
4171:
4162:
4073:
4062:
4060:
4049:Leeward Islands
4043:
4041:
4037:Society Islands
4025:
4023:
4019:Gambier Islands
4012:
4010:
4006:Austral Islands
3999:
3997:
3985:
3976:
3946:
3941:
3937:Tuamotu Islands
3920:Leeward Islands
3910:Society Islands
3895:Gambier Islands
3885:Austral Islands
3871:
3857:
3855:
3821:Wayback Machine
3807:Wayback Machine
3796:
3791:
3790:
3777:
3776:
3769:
3760:
3758:
3715:
3711:
3702:
3700:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3673:
3671:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3644:
3642:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3615:
3613:
3606:
3590:
3586:
3577:
3570:
3561:
3559:
3552:
3536:
3532:
3517:
3503:
3494:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3431:
3429:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3362:
3355:
3345:
3343:
3336:
3320:
3316:
3303:
3299:
3290:
3286:
3277:
3273:
3261:
3257:
3248:
3244:
3235:
3231:
3218:
3211:
3202:
3198:
3190:
3186:
3177:
3173:
3160:
3156:
3147:
3143:
3128:
3114:
3110:
3095:
3081:
3074:
3059:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3016:
3015:
3011:
2996:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2953:
2952:
2945:
2940:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2782:
2766:
2750:Catholic Church
2738:
2714:
2684:
2629:
2624:
2609:Psidium guajava
2578:Pisonia grandis
2553:
2534:Kuhl's lorikeet
2526:Rapa fruit-dove
2509:
2504:
2406:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1922:Horse Latitudes
1872:
1771:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1267:Tupua'i islands
1262:
1230:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1128:Marotiri island
1107:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1001:
998:
996:
994:
993:
978:
976:
972:
969:
964:
961:
959:
957:
956:
941:
939:
935:
932:
927:
924:
922:
920:
919:
904:
902:
898:
895:
890:
887:
885:
883:
882:
865:Tupua'i Islands
825:Austral Islands
817:
809:French colonies
777:Queen Pomaré IV
637:Lieutenant Gore
618:
518:Society Islands
506:
491:
427:Tupua'i islands
418:French Republic
395:Îles Australes,
387:Austral Islands
379:
339:French language
286:
202:-23.88; -147.67
201:
199:
195:
192:
187:
184:
182:
180:
179:
156:
155:
154:
153:
150:
149:
148:
147:
146:
145:Austral Islands
142:
125:
124:
123:
120:
119:
118:
117:
116:
115:Austral Islands
112:
95:
94:
93:
90:
89:
88:
87:
86:
85:Austral Islands
82:
51:
37:
36:
27:Austral Islands
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4894:
4884:
4883:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4784:Kapingamarangi
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4716:Samoan Islands
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4696:Norfolk Island
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4646:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4619:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4596:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4554:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4519:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4487:Tubuai Islands
4482:
4480:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4458:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4435:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4415:
4414:
4407:
4399:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4277:
4271:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4225:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4185:
4179:
4173:
4172:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4107:Pōmare dynasty
4104:
4094:
4089:
4083:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4034:
4021:
4008:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3975:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3952:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3907:
3897:
3887:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3854:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3814:
3809:
3795:
3794:External links
3792:
3789:
3788:
3767:
3729:(2): 347–357.
3709:
3680:
3651:
3622:
3604:
3584:
3568:
3550:
3530:
3515:
3492:
3474:
3438:
3424:. 2020-08-18.
3409:
3373:
3353:
3334:
3314:
3297:
3284:
3271:
3255:
3249:John Dunmore:
3242:
3229:
3209:
3196:
3184:
3171:
3161:Mark Eddowes:
3154:
3141:
3126:
3108:
3093:
3072:
3057:
3039:
3009:
2994:
2976:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2904:Oceania portal
2893:
2890:Islands portal
2879:
2863:
2860:
2813:British Museum
2784:The traces of
2781:
2778:
2765:
2762:
2737:
2734:
2713:
2710:
2683:
2680:
2628:
2625:
2614:slash-and-burn
2552:
2549:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2454:sunshine hours
2449:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
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2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
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2366:
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2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1927:
1880:have a have a
1869:
1868:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1819:sunshine hours
1814:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1292:
1261:
1258:
1229:
1226:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1124:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1024:
987:
950:
913:
833:Îles Australes
816:
813:
617:
614:
510:archaeological
505:
502:
490:
487:
472:and the small
381:
380:
378:
377:
371:
369:
363:
362:
358:
357:
336:
332:
331:
328:
324:
323:
320:
316:
315:
311:
310:
304:
300:
299:
294:
288:
287:
282:
279:
278:
277:Administration
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
232:
228:
227:
224:
220:
219:
214:
210:
209:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
158:
157:
144:
143:
136:
135:
129:
128:
127:
126:
114:
113:
106:
105:
99:
98:
97:
96:
84:
83:
76:
75:
69:
68:
67:
66:
65:
62:
61:
53:
52:
47:
39:
38:
34:
32:
21:Austral Island
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4893:
4882:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4850:
4846:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4711:Salas y Gómez
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4644:Easter Island
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4624:
4617:
4612:
4610:
4605:
4603:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4528:
4523:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4456:
4451:
4449:
4444:
4442:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4412:
4408:
4405:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4174:
4169:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4070:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4022:
4020:
4009:
4007:
3995:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3973:
3968:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3861:
3852:
3847:
3845:
3840:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3804:
3801:
3800:Official site
3798:
3797:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3772:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3626:
3611:
3607:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3588:
3581:
3575:
3573:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3516:0-387-98285-X
3512:
3508:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3459:
3455:
3448:
3442:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3394:
3390:
3387:(in French).
3383:
3377:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3358:
3341:
3337:
3335:9780520256491
3331:
3327:
3326:
3318:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3294:
3288:
3281:
3275:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3252:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3214:
3206:
3200:
3193:
3188:
3181:
3175:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3151:
3145:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3127:1-880636-22-0
3123:
3119:
3112:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3094:0-520-22347-0
3090:
3086:
3079:
3077:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3058:0-86784-471-X
3054:
3050:
3043:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2995:2-87923-138-8
2991:
2987:
2980:
2964:
2961:(in French).
2960:
2956:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2894:
2891:
2885:
2880:
2877:
2866:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2848:
2846:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2729:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2571:, Tubuai and
2570:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:Mean monthly
2450:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2403:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2334:
2333:precipitation
2329:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1874:The southern
1867:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:Mean monthly
1815:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1698:precipitation
1694:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1264:The northern
1257:
1256:development.
1254:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1178:(40m depth).
1177:
1173:
1168:
1158:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1112:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1028:
1025:
1020:
991:
988:
983:
954:
951:
946:
917:
914:
909:
880:
877:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:
860:
858:
857:South Pacific
854:
850:
846:
842:
840:
834:
830:
826:
822:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
789:French colony
786:
782:
778:
770:
766:
764:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
726:
724:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
690:
686:
685:
679:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
633:
627:
623:
613:
611:
607:
602:
601:Easter Island
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
567:
565:
560:
555:
553:
549:
544:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
501:
499:
495:
486:
484:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:
423:
422:South Pacific
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
400:
396:
392:
388:
376:
373:
372:
370:
368:
364:
359:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
308:
305:
301:
298:
295:
293:
289:
285:
280:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
248:
244:
240:
236:
233:
231:Major islands
229:
225:
223:Total islands
221:
218:
215:
211:
206:
178:
174:
171:
170:Pacific Ocean
168:
164:
159:
133:
103:
73:
63:
59:
54:
50:
45:
40:
33:Native name:
30:
22:
4769:Duff Islands
4653:
4639:Cook Islands
4560:
4557:
4535:Bass Islands
4533:
4485:
4461:
4340:Demographics
4330:Coat of arms
4005:
3994:Archipelagos
3993:
3884:
3865:Archipelagos
3759:. Retrieved
3726:
3722:
3712:
3701:. Retrieved
3692:
3683:
3672:. Retrieved
3663:
3654:
3643:. Retrieved
3634:
3625:
3614:. Retrieved
3594:
3587:
3579:
3560:. Retrieved
3540:
3533:
3506:
3486:
3477:
3465:. Retrieved
3454:Météo France
3441:
3430:. Retrieved
3421:
3412:
3400:. Retrieved
3389:Météo-France
3376:
3368:
3364:
3344:. Retrieved
3324:
3317:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3292:
3287:
3279:
3274:
3266:
3258:
3250:
3245:
3237:
3232:
3224:
3220:
3203:
3199:
3191:
3187:
3179:
3174:
3166:
3162:
3157:
3149:
3144:
3117:
3111:
3084:
3048:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3021:
3012:
2985:
2979:
2967:. Retrieved
2958:
2955:"Population"
2849:
2841:
2818:
2806:
2798:
2783:
2767:
2739:
2715:
2712:Demographics
2707:
2700:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2657:
2630:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2592:
2588:
2582:
2576:
2566:
2554:
2542:
2537:
2529:
2521:
2510:
2335:mm (inches)
1913:
1905:
1893:
1885:
1877:Bass Islands
1876:
1873:
1866:Météo-France
1700:mm (inches)
1275:
1265:
1263:
1250:
1244:
1231:
1219:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1186:
1183:Bass Islands
1180:
1169:
1166:
1077:) comprise:
1067:Bass Islands
1066:
864:
836:
824:
820:
818:
785:protectorate
775:
742:Blackbirders
739:
727:
717:support and
712:
694:
687:. After the
683:
671:
652:
644:Joseph Banks
641:
631:
619:
594:
579:
568:
556:
545:
530:
526:Cook Islands
507:
497:
492:
457:Bass Islands
455:
425:
398:
386:
384:
327:Pop. density
322:6,965 (2017)
314:Demographics
292:Collectivity
283:
4855:Lau Islands
4809:Ontong Java
4686:New Zealand
4375:Polynesians
3541:Moon Tahiti
3467:February 2,
3263:Max Quanchi
3238:Die Bounty.
3032:16 December
2845:archipelago
2703:archipelago
2587:(synonyms:
1152: /
1140:143°26′00″W
1106: /
1094:144°20′00″W
1051: /
1039:147°40′00″W
1014: /
1002:149°27′00″W
977: /
965:151°20′03″W
940: /
928:152°50′16″W
903: /
891:154°41′00″W
873:Îles Tubuaï
781:sovereignty
735:omnipotence
704:George Bass
642:Naturalist
541:New Zealand
466:Îles basses
436:Îles Tubuaï
397:officially
213:Archipelago
200: /
176:Coordinates
4860:Madagascar
4283:(currency)
4281:CFP franc
3996: :
3761:2021-08-17
3703:2021-08-17
3674:2021-08-17
3645:2021-08-17
3616:2021-11-15
3562:2021-11-15
3432:2022-04-23
3205:Admiralty.
2938:References
2754:Latin rite
2637:vegetables
2620:See also:
2561:Polynesian
2551:Vegetation
2538:Vini kuhli
1772:(≥ 1.0 mm)
1234:kilometers
1213:) for the
1205:), one of
1189:), one of
1137:27°55′00″S
1126:the small
1091:27°35′00″S
1036:23°52′00″S
999:23°23′00″S
962:22°29′04″S
925:22°38′25″S
888:21°48′00″S
879:Îles Maria
821:Tuha'a Pae
805:annexation
626:James Cook
504:Prehistory
498:New Hazard
440:Îles Maria
406:Tuha'a Pae
319:Population
272:Mont Perau
4623:Polynesia
4576:Societies
4571:Marquesas
4370:Mythology
4355:Languages
4345:Education
4294:Transport
4255:President
4235:Elections
4204:Volcanoes
4177:Geography
4087:Marquesas
3743:0022-3344
3693:GCatholic
3664:GCatholic
3635:GCatholic
3180:Raivavae.
3004:469536927
2856:necklaces
2829:Christian
2790:Polynesia
2764:Languages
2742:Christian
2722:Polynesia
2668:CFP franc
2606:. Guava (
2400:(101.36)
1075:Îles Bass
1027:Ra'ivāvae
815:Geography
719:Pomaré II
632:Endeavour
624:in 1769.
610:Europeans
597:Norwegian
524:, or the
522:Mangareva
452:Ra'ivāvae
367:Time zone
335:Languages
243:Ra'ivāvae
217:Polynesia
161:Geography
4875:Category
4829:Sikaiana
4799:Nukumanu
4674:Tuamotus
4581:Tuamotus
4566:Gambiers
4561:Australs
4545:Marotiri
4502:Rimatara
4497:Raivavae
4420:Category
4380:Religion
4325:Category
4245:Assembly
4223:Politics
4209:Wildlife
4119:Monarchs
4102:Monarchs
3983:articles
3803:Archived
3783:Archived
3755:Archived
3751:25169083
3697:Archived
3668:Archived
3639:Archived
3610:Archived
3556:Archived
3525:37254337
3458:Archived
3426:Archived
3402:April 8,
3393:Archived
3340:Archived
3136:70205511
3103:41641356
3067:11488983
3026:Archived
2963:Archived
2862:See also
2802:Raivavae
2748:and the
2736:Religion
2718:villages
2645:Raivavae
2569:Raivavae
2407:(≥ 1 mm)
2370:(10.17)
2350:(10.86)
2331:Average
1864:Source:
1765:(71.88)
1696:Average
1253:volcanic
1193:'s five
1082:Rapa Iti
916:Rimatara
801:Rimatara
696:Rapa Iti
659:Raivavae
655:Spaniard
575:warriors
537:American
478:pandanus
474:Marotiri
470:Rapa Iti
444:Rimatara
402:Tahitian
343:Tahitian
247:Rapa Iti
188:147°40′W
166:Location
4839:Tikopia
4824:Rennell
4804:Nukuoro
4794:Nuguria
4764:Bellona
4721:Tokelau
4404:Outline
4308:Culture
4269:Economy
4194:Climate
4079:History
3819:at the
2852:islands
2794:museums
2786:culture
2780:Culture
2659:Tourism
2641:fishing
2627:Economy
2532:), and
2507:Ecology
2398:2,574.6
2395:(8.72)
2390:(6.72)
2385:(7.25)
2380:(6.50)
2375:(9.36)
2365:(8.22)
2360:(7.28)
2355:(9.90)
2345:(7.36)
2340:(9.03)
2326:(47.3)
2321:(55.8)
2316:(53.6)
2311:(50.9)
2306:(47.3)
2301:(48.0)
2296:(49.6)
2291:(50.4)
2286:(50.2)
2281:(56.3)
2276:(59.4)
2271:(60.1)
2266:(54.0)
2256:(65.7)
2251:(67.8)
2246:(65.3)
2241:(62.4)
2236:(60.4)
2231:(60.4)
2226:(61.2)
2221:(62.2)
2216:(65.5)
2211:(68.4)
2206:(71.1)
2201:(72.1)
2196:(71.1)
2186:(69.6)
2181:(71.4)
2176:(69.1)
2171:(66.6)
2166:(64.6)
2161:(64.6)
2156:(65.1)
2151:(66.4)
2146:(69.4)
2141:(72.3)
2136:(75.0)
2131:(75.9)
2126:(74.7)
2116:(73.4)
2111:(75.2)
2106:(72.9)
2101:(70.5)
2096:(68.7)
2091:(68.7)
2086:(69.3)
2081:(70.5)
2076:(73.2)
2071:(76.1)
2066:(79.0)
2061:(79.5)
2056:(78.3)
2046:(88.9)
2041:(86.2)
2036:(84.0)
2031:(79.5)
2026:(79.5)
2021:(77.0)
2016:(76.5)
2011:(79.3)
2006:(82.6)
2001:(86.5)
1996:(88.9)
1991:(87.6)
1986:(87.8)
1916:in the
1908:in the
1896:in the
1888:in the
1763:1,825.7
1760:(7.89)
1755:(5.27)
1750:(4.59)
1745:(4.13)
1740:(5.25)
1735:(5.35)
1730:(4.69)
1725:(6.04)
1720:(6.51)
1715:(6.94)
1710:(7.57)
1705:(7.65)
1691:(48.6)
1686:(57.7)
1681:(53.6)
1676:(51.3)
1671:(50.5)
1666:(48.6)
1661:(50.0)
1656:(50.0)
1651:(50.0)
1646:(58.3)
1641:(60.4)
1636:(59.9)
1631:(58.1)
1621:(69.5)
1616:(71.6)
1611:(69.4)
1606:(67.1)
1601:(65.1)
1596:(64.9)
1591:(65.5)
1586:(66.2)
1581:(69.3)
1576:(72.1)
1571:(74.1)
1566:(74.7)
1561:(73.9)
1551:(74.2)
1546:(76.1)
1541:(74.1)
1536:(71.8)
1531:(70.0)
1526:(69.8)
1521:(70.2)
1516:(71.1)
1511:(73.8)
1506:(76.8)
1501:(78.8)
1496:(79.2)
1491:(78.3)
1481:(78.8)
1476:(80.4)
1471:(78.6)
1466:(76.5)
1461:(75.0)
1456:(74.7)
1451:(75.0)
1446:(75.9)
1441:(78.4)
1436:(81.3)
1431:(83.5)
1426:(83.5)
1421:(82.4)
1411:(90.9)
1406:(89.6)
1401:(86.0)
1396:(86.0)
1391:(84.2)
1386:(86.0)
1381:(86.0)
1376:(87.8)
1371:(89.6)
1366:(90.1)
1361:(90.9)
1356:(89.6)
1351:(89.6)
1270:have a
1260:Climate
1228:Geology
1222:Tupua'i
990:Tupua'i
855:in the
797:Britain
763:captain
758:Chilean
715:British
590:castles
533:kinship
494:Whaling
489:History
483:Tupua'i
420:in the
416:of the
351:Austral
235:Tupua'i
185:23°53′S
4819:Pileni
4779:Futuna
4731:Tuvalu
4706:Rotuma
4507:Rurutu
4492:Tubuai
4385:Sports
4320:Anthem
4066:
4029:
4016:
4003:
3981:
3749:
3741:
3602:
3548:
3523:
3513:
3332:
3308:. In:
3134:
3124:
3101:
3091:
3065:
3055:
3002:
2992:
2969:7 June
2809:Rurutu
2664:Rurutu
2591:) and
2573:Rurutu
2491:119.6
2488:129.3
2485:119.1
2482:104.1
2467:107.7
2464:129.1
2461:130.3
2458:128.9
2447:166.4
1937:Month
1856:177.0
1853:199.9
1844:165.0
1841:165.5
1838:141.6
1835:158.6
1832:175.6
1829:204.9
1812:141.1
1302:Month
1071:French
953:Rūrutu
869:French
853:France
829:French
684:Bounty
674:Tubuai
667:Tahiti
622:Europe
552:lagoon
548:Tubuai
462:French
448:Rūrutu
432:French
391:French
375:UTC-10
307:Rūrutu
284:France
239:Rūrutu
4834:Takuu
4814:Ouvéa
4759:Anuta
4754:Aniwa
4726:Tonga
4512:Maria
4411:Index
4360:Music
4335:Dance
3747:JSTOR
3461:(PDF)
3450:(PDF)
3396:(PDF)
3385:(PDF)
3346:7 May
2825:human
2821:drums
2557:flora
2476:95.0
2473:78.9
2470:96.6
2444:12.7
2441:11.8
2438:12.2
2435:12.7
2432:15.5
2429:15.4
2426:15.7
2423:14.5
2420:14.9
2417:15.3
2414:12.5
2411:13.2
2393:221.4
2388:170.6
2383:184.1
2378:165.1
2373:237.8
2368:258.4
2363:208.7
2358:185.0
2353:251.4
2348:275.8
2343:186.9
2338:229.4
1976:Year
1809:13.2
1806:10.2
1797:11.3
1794:11.2
1791:11.4
1788:12.4
1785:12.5
1782:13.3
1779:12.9
1776:13.2
1758:200.4
1753:133.9
1748:116.5
1743:104.8
1738:133.4
1733:136.0
1728:119.0
1723:153.3
1718:165.3
1713:176.3
1708:192.4
1703:194.4
1341:Year
847:, an
750:Chile
586:hills
582:beach
571:coast
559:goods
412:, an
4789:Mele
4774:Emae
4691:Niue
4540:Rapa
4350:Flag
3739:ISSN
3600:ISBN
3546:ISBN
3521:OCLC
3511:ISBN
3469:2021
3404:2022
3348:2013
3330:ISBN
3132:OCLC
3122:ISBN
3099:OCLC
3089:ISBN
3063:OCLC
3053:ISBN
3034:2014
3000:OCLC
2990:ISBN
2971:2019
2701:The
2672:euro
2555:The
2319:13.2
2314:12.0
2309:10.5
2289:10.2
2284:10.1
2279:13.5
2274:15.2
2269:15.6
2264:12.2
2254:18.7
2249:19.9
2244:18.5
2239:16.9
2234:15.8
2229:15.8
2224:16.2
2219:16.8
2214:18.6
2209:20.2
2204:21.7
2199:22.3
2194:21.7
2184:20.9
2179:21.9
2174:20.6
2169:19.2
2164:18.1
2159:18.1
2154:18.4
2149:19.1
2144:20.8
2139:22.4
2134:23.9
2129:24.4
2124:23.7
2114:23.0
2109:24.0
2104:22.7
2099:21.4
2094:20.4
2089:20.4
2084:20.7
2079:21.4
2074:22.9
2069:24.5
2064:26.1
2059:26.4
2054:25.7
2044:31.6
2039:30.1
2034:28.9
2029:26.4
2024:26.4
2019:25.0
2014:24.7
2009:26.3
2004:28.1
1999:30.3
1994:31.6
1989:30.9
1984:31.0
1973:Dec
1970:Nov
1967:Oct
1964:Sep
1961:Aug
1958:Jul
1955:Jun
1952:May
1949:Apr
1946:Mar
1943:Feb
1940:Jan
1914:Cfal
1894:Arab
1803:9.9
1800:9.6
1684:14.3
1679:12.0
1674:10.7
1669:10.3
1659:10.0
1654:10.0
1649:10.0
1644:14.6
1639:15.8
1634:15.5
1629:14.5
1619:20.8
1614:22.0
1609:20.8
1604:19.5
1599:18.4
1594:18.3
1589:18.6
1584:19.0
1579:20.7
1574:22.3
1569:23.4
1564:23.7
1559:23.3
1549:23.4
1544:24.5
1539:23.4
1534:22.1
1529:21.1
1524:21.0
1519:21.2
1514:21.7
1509:23.2
1504:24.9
1499:26.0
1494:26.2
1489:25.7
1479:26.0
1474:26.9
1469:25.9
1464:24.7
1459:23.9
1454:23.7
1449:23.9
1444:24.4
1439:25.8
1434:27.4
1429:28.6
1424:28.6
1419:28.0
1409:32.7
1404:32.0
1399:30.0
1394:30.0
1389:29.0
1384:30.0
1379:30.0
1374:31.0
1369:32.0
1364:32.3
1359:32.7
1354:32.0
1349:32.0
1338:Dec
1335:Nov
1332:Oct
1329:Sep
1326:Aug
1323:Jul
1320:Jun
1317:May
1314:Apr
1311:Mar
1308:Feb
1305:Jan
1065:The
863:The
819:The
748:and
746:Peru
682:HMS
653:The
648:ship
630:HMS
595:The
385:The
347:Rapa
253:Area
4464:of
3867:of
3731:doi
2540:).
2524:),
2324:8.5
2304:8.5
2299:8.9
2294:9.8
1906:Cfa
1689:9.2
1664:9.2
1115:),
851:of
835:or
823:or
754:Bay
4877::
3781:.
3770:^
3753:.
3745:.
3737:.
3727:26
3725:.
3721:.
3695:.
3691:.
3666:.
3662:.
3637:.
3633:.
3608:.
3571:^
3554:.
3519:.
3495:^
3485:.
3456:.
3452:.
3420:.
3391:.
3356:^
3338:.
3212:^
3130:.
3097:.
3075:^
3061:.
3024:.
3020:.
2998:.
2957:.
2946:^
2678:.
2676:EU
2547:.
2494:—
2479:—
1912:,
1892:,
1886:Af
1859:—
1850:—
1847:—
1826:—
1823:—
1276:Af
1224:.
1217:.
1073::
1060:),
1023:),
986:),
949:),
871::
831::
811:.
710:.
639:.
612:.
566:.
528:.
520:,
485:.
464::
446:,
442:,
434::
404::
393::
353:,
349:,
345:,
341:,
245:,
241:,
237:,
4615:e
4608:t
4601:v
4537::
4489::
4454:e
4447:t
4440:v
3971:e
3964:t
3957:v
3850:e
3843:t
3836:v
3764:.
3733::
3706:.
3677:.
3648:.
3619:.
3582:,
3565:.
3527:.
3471:.
3435:.
3406:.
3350:.
3138:.
3105:.
3069:.
3036:.
3006:.
2973:.
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2528:(
2520:(
1904:(
1884:(
1274:(
1197:(
1130:(
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1069:(
1029:(
992:(
955:(
918:(
881:(
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226:7
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
