31:
86:
453:("British Auxiliary Brigade"). Early into its existence, the Brigade was struck by a fever outbreak, which left one soldier dead and 30 hospitalised. The Brigade was made up of the remainders of Reina Isabel Lancers and the Legion's field battery. The unit, specially its cavalry component, was part of the Spanish forces that captured the Carlist stronghold of
221:"To our foes, we of the British Legion were the most odious of all; strangers, mercenaries, heretics, scoffers, polluters of their sacred soil; so they did term us. For us there was no quarter; in the heat of battle, or by cold judicial form, it was all the same: to fall into their hands was certainly a tortured death."
391:
In
November 1836, 39 officers and men of the British Royal Artillery joined the naval force supporting the British Auxiliary Legion. 60 additional men arrived in January 1837. There were also 100 men of the Royal Marine Artillery. Cairns says all British Artillery used 9-pounder smoothbore field
448:
After the withdrawal of the
British-commanded Auxiliary Legion and New Legion in 1837, a smaller 400-men unit of British volunteers was established in March 1838 within the ranks of the Spanish army. The battalion was led by Irish-born Spanish Colonel Federico Ricardo Lasaussaye and designed
116:. Although the British refused to send troops directly, in June 1835, they decided to form a "military volunteer corps", and that became designated an auxiliary to the Spanish Legion. The corps was to be funded and their soldiers paid by the Spanish crown.
275:
Infantry – Consisted of ten battalions organised into "English", "Scottish" and "Irish" brigades. All foot units were single battalion regiments with six battalion/centre companies, one Light company, and one
Grenadier company.
546:
400:. Somerville (1995), however, gives the British Auxiliary Legion 6-pounders and short 12-pounders (presumably howitzers) and the Royal Artillery larger pieces including large howitzers.
895:
935:
940:
920:
312:
Note - the 7th "the Irish Light
Infantry", 9th Battalion, the Irish Grenadiers and 10th battalion, Munster Light Infantry, were brigaded together under Brigadier-General
217:
In total a quarter of the force – some 2,500 men – died, only half of them in combat. Their presence had not been well received by the
Carlists; one former soldier wrote
930:
900:
774:
Prime
Minister Papers Series I. Palmerston: Private Correspondence with Sir George Villiers (afterwards 4th Earl of Clarendon) as Minister to Spain 1833–1837
950:
855:
Under the Flags of
Freedom: British Mercenaries in the War of the Two Brothers, the First Carlist War, and the Greek War of Independence (1821-1840)
250:. Recruiting and training began in 1835. The Legion was to comprise 8,500 infantry (in 10 battalions), 550 rifles, 700 cavalry and 300 artillery.
862:
Personal
Memoirs & Correspondence of Col. Charles Shaw, comprising a Narrative of the War for Constitutional Liberty in Portugal and Spain
104:
In 1835 the war was not going well for the
Liberal side and they asked their allies to become more involved in the war. The French sent their
635:
521:
945:
583:
Field (1995) calls the 10th
Munster Light Infantry the "Break-of-Day boys" although his editor corrects this to "Peep-o'-Day boys".
717:
660:
147:
369:
313:
925:
200:
180:
The volunteers had signed on for a tour of two years and by July 1837 most of the men had returned home. The transport
915:
385:
181:
17:
470:
210:
on 14 September, that in practical terms the new unit ceased to exist as an operational force after this action.
128:
494:
105:
388:. Small detachments of Royal Marine Artillery, Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers were subsequently added.
377:
203:
214:
carried some 600 men to Cork and Greenock. The New Legion was formally disbanded on 10 December 1837.
410:
1 × Field Battery: 2 × light 6-pounders and 2 × 12-pounder howitzers in total; wagons drawn by mules
746:
94:
685:
352:
878:. Tonbridge, UK: Pallas Armata. Reprinted from the edition published by James Pattie, 1839.
317:
66:
320:. The brigade quickly won a reputation for being one of the toughest units of the Legion.
173:. In the course of the offensive, Legion and Spanish loyalist forces managed to take over
8:
158:
740:
475:
384:
in April 1836. In May the Royal Marines were expanded to a full battalion under Major
414:
207:
187:
74:
230:
It would appear that most of the 9,600 men forming the Legion were volunteers from
30:
124:
767:
The British Auxiliary Legion in the First Carlist War 1835-1838: A Forgotten Army
686:"Partes. Partes recibidos en la Secretaría de Estado y del Despacho de la Guerra"
431:
1 × Field Battery with two light 6-pounders and two 12-pounder howitzers in total
393:
359:
247:
243:
39:
35:
841:
The British Auxiliary Legion of the First Carlist War (The First Legion 1835–37)
342:
On occasion some regular British troops were attached to the Legion, including:
234:
line regiments. The only "regular" troops who served in the war were men of the
802:
La Expedición de Rodil y las Legiones Extranjeras en la Primera Guerra Carlista
161:, but later they led a successful offensive on the Carlist rearguard along the
136:
132:
113:
809:
The English in Spain: The story of the War of Succession between 1834 and 1840
909:
346:
239:
120:
119:
By the end of the summer of 1836 a force of 10,000 men under the command of
781:
A Savage and Romantic War: Spain 1833–1840. Part 5: The Battle of Oriamendi
661:"Order of Battle for the British Auxiliary Legion in the First Carlist War"
397:
365:
231:
454:
381:
206:. Their casualties were so heavy, especially during their defeat at the
235:
823:
Some account of the British operations against the Carlists, 1836–1837
522:"Sketches of Spanish Generals, Carlist and Cristino: General O'Donnel"
739:
Dickens, Charles; Ainsworth, William Harrison; Smith, Albert (1842).
109:
98:
61:, existed from 1835 to 1837. It was a British military force sent to
896:
Site by the Zumalakarregi Museum dedicated to the First Carlist War
70:
776:. London: Royal Commission of Historical Manuscripts, HMSO, 1985.
574:, Vol. 48, July–December 1840 (T. Cadell and W. Davis, 1840), 42.
499:
143:
de San Sebastian, to prevent the Carlists from taking the city.
85:
811:(Vols. 1–6). UK: Pallas Armata. (Original work published 1877.)
170:
162:
151:
140:
89:
Sir George De Lacy Evans, 1st commander of the Auxiliary Legion
458:
62:
27:
British military force sent to Spain in the First Carlist War
606:
Somerville, 1995, calls them the "Royal Woolwich Artillery".
324:
Light Infantry – The Rifle Brigade, British Auxiliary Legion
174:
337:
97:, Great Britain had controlled maritime traffic along the
869:
The British Legion in Spain during the First Carlist War
413:
1 × Mountain Battery (Royal Artillery): 4 × 12-pounder
112:
on 17 August with around 4,000 men and was renamed the
443:
738:
372:
volunteer unit, was attached to the Legion from 1836.
936:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1837
169:, an attempt by the Carlists main force to march on
157:
In 1837 the Legion suffered a serious defeat in the
146:
In November 1836 they were put under the command of
941:
Military units and formations of the United Kingdom
921:
19th-century military history of the United Kingdom
883:
Radical General: Sir George De Lacy Evans 1787–1870
825:. Tonbridge, UK: Pallas Armata. Reprinted from the
139:, but were pushed back and had to hold the fort on
788:Spanish Tiger: The Life and Times of Ramón Cabrera
457:, and successfully engaged the Carlist cavalry at
931:Military units and formations established in 1835
547:"Legión Auxiliar Británica — Museo Zumalakarregi"
907:
864:. London: Henry Colburn Publishers. (2 Volumes).
195:Some 1,500–1,700 men remained under the name of
186:carried some 520 men to Greenock. The transport
850:. Madrid: Turner SA / Historia 16. (6 Volumes).
827:Journal of the Royal United Service Institution
876:History of the British Legion and War in Spain
392:pieces and 5 1/2" howitzers, along with a few
795:The Basque Phase of Spain's First Carlist War
843:. Wargames Illustrated 110, pp. 18–19.
783:. Wargames Illustrated, 99, pp. 24–30.
772:Bullen, Roger and Strong, Felicity (eds.).
718:"Fever Amongst the British Legion in Spain"
380:(the British Commodore) landed to garrison
38:in 1837, from a contemporary lithograph by
34:Members of the British Auxiliary Legion at
423:1 × Reserve Artillery: 2 × 18-pounder guns
330:Corps of Sappers and Miners – multiethnic
800:De Porras y Rodríguez de León, Gonzalo.
797:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
593:
591:
589:
84:
29:
951:Spain–United Kingdom military relations
871:. Brighton: Spanish Philatelic Society.
338:British regulars attached to the Legion
14:
908:
804:. Madrid: Ministerio de Defensa, 2004.
333:Hospital Transport Corps – multiethnic
264:Cavalry – Consisted of two Regiments:
101:coast since the beginning of the war.
829:LXII:446, May 1917, pp. 209–223.
712:
710:
655:
653:
633:
586:
420:1 × Royal Artillery Rocket detachment
270:2nd Queen's Own Irish Lancers – Irish
541:
539:
406:British Royal and Marine Artillery:
285:3rd Westminster Grenadiers – English
444:British Auxiliary Brigade (1838–39)
427:British Auxiliary Legion Artillery
306:10th Munster Light Infantry – Irish
288:4th Queen's Own Fusiliers – English
165:coast, launched in response to the
24:
946:Expeditionary units and formations
853:Rodriguez, Moises Enrique (2009).
814:Evans, Sir George De Lacy (1840).
707:
650:
267:1st Reina Isabel Lancers – English
65:to support the Liberals and Queen
25:
962:
889:
816:Memoranda of the Contest in Spain
536:
439:1 × Mountain Battery with 4 guns
417:; some 12-pounder rockets; mules
376:The first British Marines under
297:7th Irish Light Infantry – Irish
294:6th Scotch Grenadiers – Scottish
150:and helped to lift the siege of
759:
732:
678:
627:
500:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
403:Legion artillery organisation:
258:
225:
885:. Manchester University Press.
695:(in Spanish). 12 December 1838
618:
609:
600:
577:
572:Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine
564:
514:
487:
13:
1:
481:
769:. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
316:, a veteran of 1815 and the
303:9th Irish Grenadiers – Irish
7:
867:Shelley, Ronald G. (1975).
848:Historia de la Guerra Civil
793:Coverdale, John F. (1984).
551:www.zumalakarregimuseoa.eus
464:
192:carried 200 to Portsmouth.
10:
967:
451:Brigada Auxiliar Británica
300:8th Highlanders – Scottish
80:
926:Military history of Spain
834:The Carlist Wars in Spain
765:Brett, Edward M. (2005).
916:British Auxiliary Legion
846:Pirala, Antonio (1984).
818:. London: James Ridgway.
745:. J. M. Lewer. pp.
640:The Gentleman's Magazine
634:Urban, Sylvanus (1838).
253:
47:British Auxiliary Legion
874:Somerville, A. (1995).
881:Spiers, E. M. (1983).
860:Shaw, Charles (1837).
353:Royal Marine Artillery
223:
90:
42:
786:Chant, R. H. (1983).
636:"Foreign News: Spain"
526:The Monthly Chronicle
291:5th Scotch – Scottish
282:2nd English Battalion
279:1st English Battalion
219:
88:
33:
901:Order of battle Info
839:Parsons, P. (1996).
742:Bentley's Miscellany
396:launchers and light
318:Portuguese Civil War
131:). They fought near
67:Isabella II of Spain
857:. Lanham, Maryland.
807:Duncan, F. (1997).
779:Cairns, C. (1995).
570:"Evenings at Sea,"
435:Spanish artillery:
327:Artillery – English
159:Battle of Oriamendi
148:Baldomero Espartero
55:La Legión Británica
821:Field, C. (1995).
790:. New York: Midas.
503:. 19 December 1837
476:Foreign volunteers
415:mountain howitzers
95:Quadruple Alliance
91:
59:Westminster Legion
49:, also called the
43:
836:. London: Putnam.
832:Holt, E. (1967).
722:The Lancet London
208:battle of Andoain
204:Maurice O'Connell
201:Brigadier-General
123:had assembled in
75:First Carlist War
16:(Redirected from
958:
754:
753:
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705:
704:
702:
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693:Gaceta de Madrid
690:
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665:Steven's Balagan
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495:"British Legion"
491:
108:which landed at
21:
18:Auxiliary Legion
966:
965:
961:
960:
959:
957:
956:
955:
906:
905:
892:
762:
757:
737:
733:
728:: 423–26. 1838.
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532:: 174–78. 1840.
520:
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493:
492:
488:
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467:
446:
398:mountain pieces
394:Congreve rocket
360:Royal Artillery
340:
261:
256:
248:Royal Engineers
244:Royal Artillery
228:
199:, commanded by
167:Expedición Real
83:
40:John West Giles
28:
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890:External links
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129:Basque Country
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697:. Retrieved
692:
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669:. Retrieved
667:. 2001-02-21
664:
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624:Field, 1995.
620:
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566:
555:. Retrieved
553:(in Spanish)
550:
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516:
505:. Retrieved
498:
489:
450:
447:
434:
426:
405:
402:
390:
375:
366:Chapelgorris
341:
314:Charles Shaw
311:
259:Legion Units
232:British Army
229:
226:Organization
220:
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196:
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188:
182:
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156:
145:
141:Mount Urgull
118:
103:
92:
69:against the
58:
54:
50:
46:
44:
615:Holt, 1967.
382:Portugalete
910:Categories
671:2017-05-09
557:2017-04-30
507:2017-04-30
482:References
349:– 400 men
236:Royal Navy
197:New Legion
99:Cantabrian
93:Under the
455:Barasoain
386:John Owen
110:Tarragona
465:See also
370:Cristino
189:Parmelia
71:Carlists
699:8 April
137:Vitoria
133:Hernani
81:History
73:in the
36:Vitoria
751:Sesma.
749:–405.
646:: 536.
246:, and
171:Madrid
163:Biscay
152:Bilbao
689:(PDF)
459:Sesma
254:Units
63:Spain
57:) or
701:2018
644:1838
368:, a
364:The
175:Irun
135:and
45:The
747:398
912::
724:.
720:.
709:^
691:.
663:.
652:^
642:.
638:.
588:^
549:.
538:^
528:.
524:.
497:.
461:.
242:,
238:,
177:.
154:.
77:.
726:2
703:.
674:.
560:.
530:5
510:.
127:(
53:(
20:)
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