100:, however, the situation is more complicated, due to the need to prevent unburned fuel/air mixture from passing right through the cylinders into the exhaust. During the exhaust phase of the cycle, backpressure is even more undesirable than in a four-stroke engine, as there is less time available for exhaust and the lack of pumping action from the piston to force the exhaust out of the cylinder. However, since the exhaust port necessarily remains open for a time after scavenging is completed, unburned mixture can follow the exhaust out of the cylinder, wasting fuel and increasing pollution. This can only be prevented if the pressure at the exhaust port is greater than that in the cylinder. Since the timing of this process is determined mainly by exhaust system geometry, which is extremely difficult to make variable, correct timing and therefore optimum engine efficiency can typically only be achieved over a small part of the engine's range of operating speed.
116:, the term deriving from the fact that it is generated by the resistance of the column, and exerts its influence backwards on the pump that must supply the flow. Back-pressure is a useful diagnostic feature of problems with the chromatography column. Rapid chromatography is favoured by columns packed with very small particles, which create high back-pressures. Column designers use "kinetic plots" to show the performance of a column at a constant back-pressure, usually selected as the maximum that a system's pump can reliably produce.
50:
280:"Effects of valve timing, valve lift and exhaust backpressure on performance and gas exchanging of a two-stroke GDI engine with overhead valves"
53:
Two similar pipings with same pressure distance and head. The second pipe contains some obstructions for flow resulting in less discharge.
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33:) is the term for a resistance to the desired flow of fluid through pipes. Obstructions or tight bends create backpressure via
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Back pressure is the term used for the hydraulic pressure required to create a flow through a
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157:"CFD analysis of Back Pressure due to bend in exhaust Pipe of 4 stoke petrol engine"
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Dalla Nora, Macklini; Lanzanova, Thompson Diórdinis Metzka; Zhao, Hua (2016).
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212:"The influence of exhaust backpressure upon the turbochargers boost pressure"
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34:
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Kocsis, Levente-Botond; Moldovanu, Dan; Baldean, Doru-Laurean (2015).
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The effect of back pressure on the operation of a diesel engine
216:
Proceedings of the
European Automotive Congress EAEC-ESFA 2015
155:
Shekhar, Ravi; Singh Dhugga, Paramvir; Malik, Kashish (2016).
154:
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A common example of backpressure is that caused by the
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314:"Column Pressure Considerations in Analytical HPLC"
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16:Force opposing the flow of fluid through pipes
246:Design and Simulation of Two-Stroke Engines
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114:high-performance liquid chromatography
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190:Defence Science and Technology Group
199:from the original on June 24, 2021.
89:output that must be compensated by
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220:Springer International Publishing
81:, which has a negative effect on
287:Energy Conversion and Management
126:Exhaust pulse pressure charging
19:For the routing algorithm, see
299:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.059
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85:, resulting in a decrease of
396:Two-stroke engine technology
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91:increasing fuel consumption
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345:"Kinetic Plots Made Easy"
312:Majors, Ronald E (2007).
164:Int. J. Aerosp. Mech. Eng
243:Blair, Gordon (1996).
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343:Neue, Uwe D. (2009).
181:Hield, Peter (2011).
110:chromatography column
104:Liquid chromatography
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222:. pp. 367–374.
21:backpressure routing
267:on 25 October 2012.
96:In a piston-ported
77:) of an automotive
67:catalytic converter
61:(consisting of the
349:LCGC North America
318:LCGC North America
79:four-stroke engine
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381:Engine technology
260:978-1-56091-685-7
251:SAE International
131:Expansion chamber
98:two-stroke engine
83:engine efficiency
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39:pressure drop
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35:friction loss
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27:Back pressure
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357:. Retrieved
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326:. Retrieved
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265:the original
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31:backpressure
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45:Explanation
375:Categories
188:(Report).
142:References
293:: 71–83.
170:(4): 1–3.
386:Pressure
359:10 March
328:10 March
194:Archived
120:See also
71:muffler
391:Piping
257:
226:
283:(PDF)
197:(PDF)
186:(PDF)
160:(PDF)
87:power
75:pipes
361:2022
330:2022
255:ISBN
224:ISBN
37:and
29:(or
295:doi
291:123
112:in
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168:3
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
