108:
207:
196:
140:
184:
173:
162:
94:
125:
744:(USAAF), the 34th RCT sustained heavy casualties, its offensive bogged down, barring any further progress. Gen. Jones then directed the 152nd to resume the attack on the Japanese to the north of Route 7, while on 6 February, the 151st Regiment rejoined the battle to relieve the disengaging 34th RCT. But further confusion and frustration on the pass reigned and on day's end, Maj. Gen. Hall relieved Maj. Gen. Jones of command and replaced him with Brigadier General
716:
yards off the highway and not be able to see the road. The
Japanese had honey-combed every hill and knoll at the Zig-Zag with foxholes linked by tunnels or trenches; at particularly advantageous Points they had constructed strong points centered on log or dirt pillboxes. All the defenses were well camouflaged, for rich, jungle foliage covered most positions, indicating that many had been prepared with great care and had been constructed well.
732:
to try to find the main line of resistance, along with a determined defense by the
Japanese, all contributed to difficulty in correctly identifying all units of the 152nd at times with respect to their exact locations. The northwest to southeast line of Japanese defenses, definitively unknown at the
752:
eastward through the pass. Gradually, the
Japanese were pushed back and eventually overrun on 8 February. Three days later, on 11 February, the 151st was withdrawn for another mission; while the 152nd continued the offensive, and by 14 February 1945, the 149th and 152nd Regiments finally linked up.
804:
Meanwhile, the East Force moved on 12 February from
Dinalupihan south toward Pilar. It was soon augmented by elements of the 149th Infantry Regiment. At Pilar the force split, part continuing south past the town, and part turning west astride Route 111. On 18 February the two forces linked up near
751:
On the day Brig. Gen. Chase assumed command, the 149th
Infantry Regiment completed its eastward march north of Route 7 and linked up with XIV Corps. It then turned westward astride Route 7 to link up with the rest of the 38th Division. In tandem, the 151st and 152nd Regiments began making progress
817:
Except for the 38th
Division's brutal struggle at 'Zig-Zag Pass', the swift and easy recapture of the province of Zambales and the Bataan peninsula enabled the Americans full use of Manila Bay and its world-class deepwater port. This development subsequently allowed the easy resupply of US forces
813:
The
Japanese lost heavily on the defense of 'Zig-Zag Pass', with more than 2,400 killed and 75 wounded. Col. Nagayoshi escaped with about 300 men and joined other defenders farther south of the peninsula, holding out until mid-February. The 38th Infantry Division lost 270 men and had 420 wounded,
715:
few pieces of ground combined to the same degree to roughness and dense jungle. The main road, Route 7 twists violently through the pass, following a line of least terrain resistance that wild pigs must originally have established. The jungle flora in the region is so thick that one can step five
706:
Nagayoshi had decided to make a stand in the rugged
Zambales mountains at the northern base of the Bataan peninsula, which the Americans named 'Zig-Zag Pass'. Abundance in supplies and ammunition had him prepared for a long battle, but his main defensive lines were stretched thin, at 2,000 yards,
723:
On 31 January 1945, driving west of
Olongapo, the 38th Division advanced east on the intricate maze of enemy fortifications in 'Zig-Zag Pass', at the same time seeking out both Japanese flanks. But on the morning of 1 February, after about three miles (5 km) of steady progress, the 152nd
764:
By 15 February, two 38th
Division task forces under XI Corps were employed for the southern Bataan amphibious landings. One, the South Force commanded personally by Brig. Gen. Chase, consisted of the 151st Infantry Regiment reinforced by a battalion of the 34th RCT, the 139th Field Artillery
755:
After mopping up operations against scattered small pockets of resistance, 'Zig-Zag Pass' was securely in the hands of the 38th Division. As a testament to the ferocity of the struggle, XI Corps killed about 2,400 of the 2,800-man Japanese force while taking only 25 prisoners.
576:
While the capture of Manila was significant for both military and psychological reasons, the seizure of Manila Bay was crucial from a logistical point of view. Its harbor was in American hands but would remain unused until the Bataan peninsula and the island of
805:
Bagac. A final major engagement occurred during the night of 15 February, and mopping up operations continued throughout the peninsula for about another week. Finally, on 21 February, after three years, Bataan was again secure in American and Filipino hands.
792:
type steel helmets were found that had been there for three years, along with the whitened remains of American soldiers that the Japanese had not buried. From Mariveles the force split, part moving up the west coast toward
634:, the commander of Japanese forces in the Philippines, had decided that defending Manila Bay was well beyond the capabilities of his forces, thus only some 4,000 Japanese troops of Maj. Gen. Rikichi Tsukada's
736:
The 34th RCT was then ordered to resume the unsuccessful eastward offensive of the 152nd on 'Zig-Zag Pass'. However, after six days of severe fighting, despite heavy supporting artillery barrages and
670:
after an amphibious landing. Elsewhere, surprise was complete, there was only one US casualty, an enlisted man, who was gored by an angry bull. By the end of January, Zambales province was liberated.
638:, which had been dispersed to now captured Mindoro, Corregidor and Southern Luzon were left to oppose the Americans. The principal unit was the Nagayoshi Detachment under Col. Nagayoshi Sanonebu.
623:
coast some twenty-five miles (40 km) northwest of Bataan, drive rapidly east across the base of the peninsula, and then sweep south, clearing Bataan, including its eastern coast.
724:
Regiment ran into Japanese strongpoints at 'Horseshoe Bend', the first known major 'Zig-Zag Pass' obstacles. In two days of heavy fighting, resulting in high casualties for the
270:
788:
that were offshore nearly five miles (8 km), then provided covering fire from their .50 Cal and .30 Cal machine guns as they landed at Mariveles. Bullet-pierced American
934:
776:
On 11 February, the South Force sailed south off the west coast north of Bataan, spent the night of 14 February at sea, and went ashore at 10:00 on 15 February at
837:
681:
was given the mission to pass through positions held by the 34th and drive eastward along an irregular and unimproved Route 7 about twenty miles (30 km) to
693:, then turn south and west along Route 7 to meet up with the 152nd. Maj. Gen. Hall of XI Corps believed that Route 7 could be taken in less than a week.
909:
263:
177:
929:
256:
904:
884:
733:
time, also contributed to the confusion. With his offensive effectively stalled, Maj. Gen. Jones relieved the 152nd's regimental commander.
728:, all eastward progress had stopped. The unfavorable, twisting terrain, communications difficulties in the thick jungle, and relocation of
773:, was attached to the 38th Division for the mission. Brig. Gen. William Spence, the 38th Division Artillery commander, led the force.
686:
678:
674:
616:
612:
605:
711:. Nonetheless, Nagayoshi and his 39th Infantry Regiment intended to hold out indefinitely. 'Zig-Zag Pass' was described thus:
944:
842:
770:
766:
939:
280:
539:
626:
But American intelligence had badly overestimated the enemy strength on Bataan, thinking that the Japanese had a full
869:
427:
864:
World War II in the Pacific: An Encyclopedia (Military History of the United States) by S. Sandler (2000) Routledge
914:
520:
113:
741:
659:
387:
376:
452:
924:
852:
677:
secured the entrance to Subic Bay from the south and was ordered into XI Corps reserve. Meanwhile, the
145:
847:
690:
538:
to enable the use of its harbor and open new supply lines for American troops engaged in the crucial
421:
345:
597:
650:
area of the southern province of Zambales, Luzon, without opposition. They promptly dashed to the
781:
651:
382:
369:
316:
311:
919:
784:
from the 727th Amphibian Tractor Battalion carried the 151st Infantry Regiment ashore from the
777:
765:
Battalion, and other attached elements. The other, the East Force, consisted of the reinforced
666:
were captured by the 34th Regiment Combat Team (RCT) on 30 January as well as Grande Island in
517:
492:
407:
306:
647:
351:
482:
466:
322:
392:
8:
627:
472:
397:
720:
In effect, a small force could hold off an entire army from this position indefinitely.
832:
785:
631:
460:
414:
402:
356:
865:
708:
585:
509:
338:
293:
881:
745:
550:
523:
64:
20:
655:
601:
527:
434:
330:
300:
248:
206:
200:
195:
166:
130:
689:
was ordered to move eastward, north of and parallel to the 152nd, link up with
589:
487:
898:
827:
798:
654:
airstrip but found out that Filipino guerrillas under the command of Captain
609:
570:
188:
183:
172:
161:
99:
604:, under Major General Charles P. Hall, augmented Sixth Army. Comprising the
662:) had already secured the field three days earlier. The port facilities at
477:
447:
41:
789:
682:
554:
531:
37:
593:
578:
535:
729:
667:
725:
663:
620:
737:
566:
546:
794:
814:
while the 34th Regiment suffered 68 dead and 268 wounded.
516:) from 31 January to 21 February 1945, by US forces and
838:
Military History of the Philippines during World War II
569:
had strained the capability of their supply lines at
646:
On 29 January 1945, the 38th Division landed in the
935:
Battles of World War II involving the United States
592:'s Sixth Army, the task to seize Bataan, and later
278:
797:, the other part moving up the east coast toward
530:, part of the campaign for the liberation of the
896:
16:Filipino-American recapture of Bataan from Japan
565:The rapid advance of US forces heading towards
759:
885:United States Army Center of Military History
882:: World War II Commemorative Brochures, Luzon
701:
557:to invading Japanese forces on 9 April 1942.
264:
608:commanded by Maj. Gen. Henry L.C. Jones and
534:, was waged to secure the western shore of
910:South West Pacific theatre of World War II
271:
257:
19:For the battle that occurred in 1942, see
641:
930:Battles of World War II involving Japan
121:
897:
707:which left his position vulnerable to
630:on the peninsula. Meanwhile, Lt. Gen.
843:Military history of the United States
252:
221:35,000 US troops, Filipino guerillas
540:battle for the liberation of Manila
13:
619:, the XI Corps was to land on the
506:Battle for the Recapture of Bataan
31:Battle for the Recapture of Bataan
14:
956:
875:
905:Philippines campaign (1944–1945)
610:Colonel Aubrey "Red" S. Newman's
205:
194:
182:
171:
160:
138:
123:
106:
92:
588:bestowed on Lieutenant General
282:Philippines campaign (1944–45)
114:Commonwealth of the Philippines
573:almost to the breaking point.
1:
858:
742:United States Army Air Forces
560:
55:31 January – 21 February 1945
945:February 1945 events in Asia
808:
7:
940:January 1945 events in Asia
821:
760:Landings at Southern Bataan
660:Republic of the Philippines
549:peninsula's recapture also
10:
961:
853:History of the Philippines
702:Struggle on 'Zig-Zag Pass'
146:Second Philippine Republic
18:
848:Military history of Japan
696:
581:in the west was secured.
290:
228:
215:
153:
84:
47:
35:
30:
658:(later president of the
428:Cotabato and Maguindanao
915:1945 in the Philippines
687:149th Infantry Regiment
679:152nd Infantry Regiment
675:151st Infantry Regiment
642:March to the peninsula
617:24th Infantry Division
606:38th Infantry Division
514:Labanan para sa Bataan
493:Action of 24 July 1945
154:Commanders and leaders
771:6th Infantry Division
767:1st Infantry Regiment
551:avenged the surrender
229:Casualties and losses
224:2,800 Japanese troops
740:bombing runs by the
673:The 38th Division's
483:South China Sea raid
833:Bataan death march
709:flanking maneuvers
632:Tomoyuki Yamashita
211:Nagayoshi Sanenobu
925:History of Bataan
818:retaking Manila.
600:, fresh from the
586:Douglas MacArthur
501:
500:
388:Villa Verde Trail
247:
246:
80:
79:
952:
778:Mariveles Harbor
746:William C. Chase
442:Naval operations
285:
283:
273:
266:
259:
250:
249:
210:
209:
199:
198:
189:Aubrey S. Newman
187:
186:
178:Henry L.C. Jones
176:
175:
165:
164:
144:
142:
141:
133:
129:
127:
126:
112:
110:
109:
98:
96:
95:
65:Bataan Peninsula
49:
48:
28:
27:
21:Battle of Bataan
960:
959:
955:
954:
953:
951:
950:
949:
895:
894:
890:
878:
861:
824:
811:
762:
704:
699:
656:Ramon Magsaysay
644:
563:
553:of the US Army
502:
497:
488:Raid on Taihoku
286:
281:
279:
277:
242:
240:
235:
204:
203:
201:Rikichi Tsukada
193:
181:
180:
170:
169:
167:Charles P. Hall
159:
139:
137:
124:
122:
107:
105:
93:
91:
68:
38:Pacific theater
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
958:
948:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
888:
887:
877:
876:External links
874:
873:
872:
860:
857:
856:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
823:
820:
810:
807:
761:
758:
703:
700:
698:
695:
643:
640:
602:Leyte Campaign
590:Walter Krueger
562:
559:
499:
498:
496:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
463:
458:
450:
439:
438:
431:
424:
411:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
373:
366:
359:
354:
349:
342:
327:
326:
319:
314:
309:
304:
291:
288:
287:
276:
275:
268:
261:
253:
245:
244:
237:
231:
230:
226:
225:
222:
218:
217:
213:
212:
191:
156:
155:
151:
150:
149:
148:
118:
117:
116:
87:
86:
82:
81:
78:
77:
76:Allied victory
74:
70:
69:
63:
61:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
957:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
920:1945 in Japan
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
893:
891:
886:
883:
880:
879:
871:
870:0-8153-1883-9
867:
863:
862:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
828:Aubrey Newman
826:
825:
819:
815:
806:
802:
800:
796:
791:
787:
783:
779:
774:
772:
768:
757:
753:
749:
747:
743:
739:
734:
731:
727:
721:
718:
717:
712:
710:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
652:San Marcelino
649:
639:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
618:
614:
613:34th Infantry
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
574:
572:
571:Lingayen Gulf
568:
558:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
522:
519:
515:
511:
507:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
468:
464:
462:
459:
457:
455:
451:
449:
446:
445:
444:
443:
437:
436:
432:
430:
429:
425:
423:
420:
419:
418:
417:
416:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
378:
374:
372:
371:
367:
365:
364:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
347:
346:Lingayen Gulf
343:
341:
340:
336:
335:
334:
333:
332:
325:
324:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
302:
298:
297:
296:
295:
289:
284:
274:
269:
267:
262:
260:
255:
254:
251:
238:
233:
232:
227:
223:
220:
219:
214:
208:
202:
197:
192:
190:
185:
179:
174:
168:
163:
158:
157:
152:
147:
136:
135:
134:
132:
119:
115:
104:
103:
102:
101:
100:United States
89:
88:
83:
75:
72:
71:
67:, Philippines
66:
62:
59:
58:
54:
51:
50:
46:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
892:
889:
816:
812:
803:
775:
763:
754:
750:
735:
722:
719:
714:
713:
705:
672:
645:
635:
625:
583:
575:
564:
544:
513:
505:
503:
478:Convoy Hi-81
465:
454:Shin'yō Maru
453:
448:Convoy Hi-71
441:
440:
433:
426:
413:
412:
408:Bessang Pass
375:
368:
362:
361:
344:
337:
329:
328:
321:
299:
292:
243:25 prisoners
239:2,400 killed
120:
90:
85:Belligerents
42:World War II
36:Part of the
25:
790:World War I
683:Dinalupihan
648:San Narciso
636:Kembu Group
598:US XI Corps
555:Luzon Force
532:Philippines
352:Kirang Pass
236:688 wounded
899:Categories
859:References
730:battalions
685:while the
594:Corregidor
579:Corregidor
561:Background
536:Manila Bay
524:guerrillas
467:Leyte Gulf
377:Corregidor
357:Cabanatuan
241:75 wounded
234:338 killed
809:Aftermath
691:XIV Corps
668:Subic Bay
526:from the
473:Ormoc Bay
393:Los Baños
323:Cebu City
822:See also
726:regiment
664:Olongapo
628:division
621:Zambales
584:General
528:Japanese
521:Filipino
510:Filipino
456:incident
422:Bukidnon
415:Mindanao
403:Wawa Dam
216:Strength
60:Location
769:of the
461:Formosa
398:Palawan
339:Mindoro
294:Visayas
868:
738:napalm
697:Battle
596:. The
567:Manila
547:Bataan
518:Allied
383:Baguio
370:Manila
363:Bataan
317:Negros
312:Simara
143:
128:
111:
97:
73:Result
799:Pilar
795:Bagac
435:Davao
331:Luzon
307:Panay
301:Leyte
131:Japan
866:ISBN
786:LSTs
782:LVTs
545:The
504:The
52:Date
780:.
40:of
901::
801:.
748:.
615:,
542:.
512::
508:(
272:e
265:t
258:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.