80:
1670:. However, modern historians have demurred, considering the story of Tetricus' disloyalty propaganda fomented by Aurelian. As a simple matter of logic, Aurelian might have prevented the heavy casualties to his army by having Tetricus ordinarily surrender. The empire was in desperate need of manpower to protect Gaul from the barbarian incursions, and the slaughter of Chalons left the Rhine frontier dangerously defenseless and exposed to the invasions of
202:
87:
1665:
Historians dispute whether
Tetricus actually wished to fight at Chalons. Various older accounts portray him as unhappy with his position as Gallic emperor. According to these, Tetricus deliberately placed his army in a disadvantageous situation, and deserted at the outset of the battle, having
1594:
Aurelian, having subdued revolts in the eastern Roman Empire, began preparing to reconquer the Gallic Empire by early 274. Meanwhile, Tetricus' hold on his domain was steadily weakening, facing continuous raids from
Germanic tribes and internal troubles with the rebellion of
1610:
Aurelian's army was better trained and well commanded, and when
Tetricus was captured in the midst of the fighting, the Rhine army disintegrated and was torn apart by Aurelian's troops. The battle was remembered for years for its high death toll.
1686:, and would have deposed or killed Tetricus if he tried to surrender Postumus' empire without a fight; further, Aurelian could not trust the rebellious army to submit to him permanently unless he broke its spirit with a military defeat.
390:
261:
383:
79:
376:
1602:
Tetricus ordered his troops to leave the Rhine and march southward, where they met the Roman army in the
Catalunian fields of Châlons-sur-Marne.
254:
1689:
Another controversy concerns the date of the battle. Although the vast majority of ancient and modern historians place it in 273, or 274,
1895:
1818:
1786:
1066:
247:
28:
1905:
1900:
1910:
963:
1880:
1828:
1796:
1093:
20:
1216:
1075:
735:
753:
1266:
910:
901:
892:
400:
67:
1682:
appears to answer these objections: according to that historian, the Gallic army revered the memory of
838:
1343:
1116:
676:
313:
981:
495:
470:
1885:
1166:
726:
1568:
131:
1890:
1230:
1207:
972:
865:
820:
672:
433:
296:
1646:. Tetricus was spared further punishment; instead, Aurelian made him a Roman administrator, a
1132:
1361:
829:
600:
527:
323:
1586:, whose territories were rejoined with the Roman Empire after fourteen years of separation.
1547:
1370:
1057:
928:
762:
662:
609:
335:
8:
1734:
811:
1538:
1012:
877:
791:
779:
708:
1915:
1824:
1792:
1491:
1478:
1431:
1397:
1296:
1221:
1187:
771:
699:
577:
568:
550:
504:
424:
301:
1703:
1452:
1248:
940:
446:
201:
1515:
1388:
1379:
990:
744:
589:
414:
345:
340:
1352:
1257:
318:
368:
1869:
1843:
1679:
1643:
1583:
1572:
1003:
559:
179:
43:
30:
1759:
1875:
1334:
174:
1639:
1325:
1312:
645:
539:
289:
1579:
1321:
1030:
854:
636:
627:
618:
486:
196:
239:
1697:, Gibbon dates it before (270 or 271), on the basis of a letter from
1648:
1632:
1596:
1406:
1198:
952:
881:
802:
482:
459:
285:
1698:
1683:
1667:
1575:
1482:
1285:
1239:
1175:
1141:
1021:
518:
514:
272:
191:
1694:
1675:
1654:
1624:
1619:
The costly battle made it much harder for
Aurelian to defend the
1527:
1157:
1048:
1039:
1708:
1671:
1628:
775:
688:
135:
1620:
1503:
717:
1638:
In the aftermath of the Battle of Châlons, Tetricus and his
221:
Unknown but bigger than Roman army; maybe 60,000–90,000
1711:, suppressed in 274, was the last of the usurpers.
925:
Invasion of the
Alemanni (258–260 approx)
1666:previously arranged the elaborate treachery with
1867:
398:
1850:, (The Modern Library, 1932) chap. XI., p. 261
384:
255:
1788:The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine
1728:
1726:
1724:
1660:
16:Battle between the Roman and Gallic empires
1067:Usurpation of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi
391:
377:
262:
248:
1791:. New York: Routledge. pp. 118–119.
1732:
1859:Gibbon, Ibid. p. 261, note; p. 269, note
1848:The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire
1812:
1810:
1808:
1784:
1753:
1751:
1721:
1778:
1109:Postumus' Campaign against the Alamanni
269:
1868:
1816:
1757:
1635:, taking forts and destroying cities.
1567:, fought in 274 on the site of modern
1805:
1748:
1102:Postumus' Campaign against the Franks
372:
243:
1642:were taken to Rome and paraded in a
13:
1896:Battles involving the Roman Empire
1758:Polfer, Michel (28 January 2000).
1058:Usurpation of Valens Thessalonicus
158:Reunification of the Roman Empire.
14:
1927:
1733:Lendering, Jona (31 March 2006).
1539:Usurpation of Julian of Pannonia
1094:Usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus
937:Scythian invasion (259–260)
200:
99:Battle of Châlons (274) (France)
85:
78:
21:Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
1492:Usurpation of Julius Saturninus
1297:Usurpation of Victorinus Junior
1208:Reign of Marcus Aurelius Marius
86:
1853:
1837:
1820:Aurelian and the Third Century
1176:Usurpation of Acilius Aureolus
919:Gothic invasion (256–257)
1:
1906:History of Marne (department)
1901:Military history of Grand Est
1714:
1589:
1076:Usurpation of Macrianus Minor
1022:Roxolani Invasion of Pannonia
991:Usurpation of Macrianus Major
922:Invasion of Shapur (258)
1623:area. In the years to come,
1614:
763:Usurpation of Julius Priscus
7:
1267:Palmyrene invasion of Egypt
1133:Assassination of Odaenathus
402:Crisis of the Third Century
216:15,000 archers and slingers
68:Crisis of the Third Century
19:For the battle in 451, see
10:
1932:
675:and death of Philip &
425:Death of Alexander Severus
18:
1911:3rd century in Roman Gaul
1766:. Salve Regina University
1764:Die Imperatoribus Romanis
1760:"Tetricus I (AD 271-273)"
1605:
1599:, a provincial governor.
1335:Rebellion of Felicissimus
646:Usurpation of Silbannacus
410:
280:
225:
208:
185:
168:
155:End of the Gallic Empire.
107:
73:
65:
60:
1881:270s in the Roman Empire
1678:. But the narrative of
1661:Historical controversies
1653:, overseeing the region
982:Usurpation of Regalianus
718:Gothic invasion of Cniva
637:Usurpation of Jotapianus
628:Usurpation of Pacatianus
619:Usurpation of Sponsianus
471:Year of the Six Emperors
115:February or March 274 CE
1823:. New York: Routledge.
1817:Watson, Alaric (1999).
1514:Carus' invasion of the
1407:Usurpation of Faustinus
1199:Usurpation of Laelianus
1031:Campaigns of Odaenathus
727:Carpi invasion of Dacia
460:Usurpation of Quartinus
1785:Southern, Pat (2001).
1217:Augustodunum Haeduorum
1142:Usurpation of Maeonius
973:Usurpation of Ingenuus
234:50,000 (Roman sources)
186:Commanders and leaders
1707:, which implies that
1049:Usurpation of Balista
1040:Usurpation of Quietus
601:Invasion of the Carpi
528:Invasion of the Carpi
231:6,000 (Roman sources)
226:Casualties and losses
1569:Châlons-en-Champagne
610:Secular Games of 248
447:Usurpation of Magnus
132:Châlons-en-Champagne
1657:in southern Italy.
1085:Pannonian Rebellion
736:Nicopolis ad Istrum
40: /
1470:Sarmatian Invasion
1305:Junthungi Invasion
1013:Death of Saloninus
803:Death of Hostilian
792:Trebonianus Gallus
709:Decian persecution
496:Battle of Carthage
214:35,000 legionaries
1578:defeated Emperor
1565:Battle of Châlons
1560:
1559:
1398:Razing of Palmyra
1240:Capture of Athens
1188:Claudius Gothicus
1150:Scythian Invasion
1125:Scythian Invasion
700:Plague of Cyprian
663:Decius' Rebellion
551:Sabinianus Revolt
505:Siege of Aquileia
366:
365:
238:
237:
164:
163:
61:Battle of Châlons
44:48.9575°N 4.365°E
1923:
1860:
1857:
1851:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1814:
1803:
1802:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1730:
1704:Augustan History
1552:
1543:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1487:
1473:
1466:
1457:
1445:
1436:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1317:
1308:
1301:
1290:
1278:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1249:Palmyrene Empire
1244:
1235:
1226:
1212:
1203:
1192:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1121:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1088:
1080:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1044:
1035:
1026:
1017:
1008:
999:
995:
986:
977:
968:
957:
945:
933:
915:
906:
897:
886:
870:
859:
847:
843:
839:Interamna Nahars
834:
825:
816:
812:Mariades' Revolt
807:
796:
784:
767:
758:
749:
740:
731:
722:
713:
704:
693:
681:
667:
658:
654:
650:
641:
632:
623:
614:
605:
594:
582:
573:
564:
555:
544:
532:
523:
509:
500:
491:
475:
464:
455:
451:
442:
438:
429:
419:
405:
403:
393:
386:
379:
370:
369:
308:Italian Campaign
275:
264:
257:
250:
241:
240:
204:
192:Emperor Aurelian
122:
120:
109:
108:
89:
88:
82:
58:
57:
55:
54:
52:
51:
50:
45:
41:
38:
37:
36:
33:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1815:
1806:
1799:
1783:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1756:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1735:"Gallic empire"
1731:
1722:
1717:
1663:
1617:
1608:
1592:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1541:
1530:
1518:
1516:Sasanian Empire
1506:
1494:
1485:
1471:
1464:
1463:Vandal Invasion
1455:
1443:
1442:Gothic Invasion
1434:
1422:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1373:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1315:
1306:
1299:
1288:
1276:
1275:Vandal Invasion
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1210:
1201:
1190:
1178:
1169:
1160:
1151:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1119:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1024:
1015:
1006:
997:
993:
984:
975:
966:
955:
943:
931:
913:
904:
895:
884:
868:
857:
845:
841:
832:
823:
814:
805:
794:
782:
765:
756:
747:
738:
729:
720:
711:
702:
691:
679:
671:
665:
656:
652:
648:
639:
630:
621:
612:
603:
592:
590:Philip the Arab
580:
571:
562:
553:
542:
530:
521:
507:
498:
489:
473:
462:
453:
449:
440:
436:
427:
417:
415:Maximinus Thrax
406:
401:
399:
397:
367:
362:
352:Gallic Campaign
276:
270:
268:
217:
215:
152:
138:
118:
116:
103:
102:
101:
100:
97:
96:
95:
94:
90:
48:
46:
42:
39:
34:
31:
29:
27:
26:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1929:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1886:270s conflicts
1883:
1878:
1862:
1861:
1852:
1836:
1829:
1804:
1797:
1777:
1747:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1662:
1659:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1604:
1591:
1588:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1545:
1523:
1522:
1499:
1498:
1489:
1477:Usurpation of
1475:
1468:
1448:
1447:
1427:
1426:
1417:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
1332:
1319:
1310:
1303:
1281:
1280:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1214:
1205:
1183:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1123:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1091:
1083:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1001:
988:
979:
970:
948:
947:
938:
935:
926:
923:
920:
917:
908:
899:
873:
872:
850:
849:
836:
827:
818:
809:
787:
786:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
724:
715:
706:
684:
683:
669:
660:
643:
634:
625:
616:
607:
585:
584:
575:
566:
557:
535:
534:
525:
511:
502:
493:
467:
466:
457:
444:
431:
411:
408:
407:
396:
395:
388:
381:
373:
364:
363:
361:
360:
354:
353:
349:
348:
343:
338:
332:
331:
327:
326:
321:
316:
310:
309:
305:
304:
299:
293:
292:
281:
278:
277:
267:
266:
259:
252:
244:
236:
235:
232:
228:
227:
223:
222:
219:
211:
210:
206:
205:
194:
188:
187:
183:
182:
177:
171:
170:
166:
165:
162:
161:
160:
159:
156:
151:
150:
146:
144:
140:
139:
130:
128:
124:
123:
113:
105:
104:
98:
92:
91:
84:
83:
77:
76:
75:
74:
71:
70:
63:
62:
49:48.9575; 4.365
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1928:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1891:Gallic Empire
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1856:
1849:
1845:
1844:Edward Gibbon
1840:
1832:
1830:9780203167809
1826:
1822:
1821:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1800:
1798:9780203451595
1794:
1790:
1789:
1781:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1701:given in the
1700:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1680:Edward Gibbon
1677:
1673:
1669:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1612:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1587:
1585:
1584:Gallic Empire
1581:
1577:
1574:
1573:Roman Emperor
1570:
1566:
1549:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1505:
1493:
1490:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1421:
1418:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1354:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1149:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1084:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1005:
1004:Gallic Empire
1002:
992:
989:
983:
980:
974:
971:
965:
962:
961:
960:
959:
954:
942:
939:
936:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
912:
909:
903:
900:
894:
891:
890:
889:
888:
883:
879:
867:
864:
863:
862:
861:
856:
840:
837:
831:
828:
822:
819:
813:
810:
804:
801:
800:
799:
798:
793:
781:
777:
774:and death of
773:
770:
764:
761:
755:
754:Philippopolis
752:
746:
743:
737:
734:
728:
725:
719:
716:
710:
707:
701:
698:
697:
696:
695:
690:
678:
674:
670:
664:
661:
647:
644:
638:
635:
629:
626:
620:
617:
611:
608:
602:
599:
598:
597:
596:
591:
579:
576:
570:
567:
561:
560:Fall of Hatra
558:
552:
549:
548:
547:
546:
541:
529:
526:
520:
516:
512:
506:
503:
497:
494:
488:
484:
480:
479:
478:
477:
472:
461:
458:
448:
445:
435:
432:
426:
423:
422:
421:
416:
409:
404:
394:
389:
387:
382:
380:
375:
374:
371:
359:
356:
355:
351:
350:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
330:Palmyrene War
329:
328:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
311:
307:
306:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
291:
287:
283:
282:
279:
274:
265:
260:
258:
253:
251:
246:
245:
242:
233:
230:
229:
224:
220:
218:5,000 cavalry
213:
212:
207:
203:
198:
195:
193:
190:
189:
184:
181:
180:Gallic Empire
178:
176:
173:
172:
167:
157:
154:
153:
149:Roman victory
148:
147:
145:
142:
141:
137:
133:
129:
126:
125:
114:
111:
110:
106:
81:
72:
69:
64:
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56:
53:
22:
1855:
1847:
1839:
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1780:
1768:. Retrieved
1763:
1738:. Retrieved
1702:
1693:the fall of
1690:
1688:
1664:
1647:
1637:
1631:invaded the
1618:
1609:
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1593:
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1525:
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1501:
1500:
1450:
1449:
1429:
1428:
1419:
1283:
1282:
1236:(268 or 269)
1231:Lake Benacus
1185:
1184:
1158:Heruli Raids
950:
949:
911:Dura-Europos
893:Thessalonica
875:
874:
852:
851:
789:
788:
686:
685:
587:
586:
537:
536:
469:
468:
412:
357:
297:Lake Benacus
175:Roman Empire
169:Belligerents
66:Part of the
25:
1326:Tetricus II
1313:Domitian II
902:Thermopylae
830:Barbalissos
540:Gordian III
290:Claudius II
271:Battles of
47: /
1870:Categories
1715:References
1590:Background
1580:Tetricus I
1571:, France,
1322:Tetricus I
929:Mediolanum
855:Aemilianus
487:Gordian II
481:Revolt of
197:Tetricus I
119:0274-02-26
32:48°57′27″N
1649:corrector
1633:Rhineland
1615:Aftermath
1597:Faustinus
1544:(284-285)
1533:(283-285)
1526:Reign of
1509:(282-283)
1502:Reign of
1467:(276-278)
1458:(276-282)
1451:Reign of
1446:(276-277)
1437:(275-276)
1430:Reign of
1344:Placentia
1331:(271–274)
1291:(270–275)
1284:Reign of
1254:(270–273)
1227:(268/269)
1193:(268–270)
1186:Reign of
1154:(267–269)
1147:(266–267)
1129:(265–266)
1117:Ctesiphon
1099:(261–262)
1036:(260–267)
1009:(260–274)
958:(260–268)
953:Gallienus
951:Reign of
887:(253–260)
882:Gallienus
876:Reign of
853:Reign of
797:(251–253)
790:Reign of
723:(250–251)
714:(250–251)
705:(250–270)
694:(249–251)
687:Reign of
677:Philip II
606:(245–247)
595:(244–249)
588:Reign of
545:(238–244)
538:Reign of
533:(238–239)
513:Reign of
483:Gordian I
420:(235–238)
413:Reign of
314:Placentia
286:Gallienus
35:4°21′54″E
1916:Aurelian
1770:3 August
1740:3 August
1699:Aurelian
1684:Postumus
1668:Aurelian
1651:Lucaniae
1576:Aurelian
1483:Proculus
1286:Aurelian
1000:259–261)
964:Caesarea
878:Valerian
780:Etruscus
519:Balbinus
515:Pupienus
434:Harzhorn
273:Aurelian
209:Strength
127:Location
1695:Zenobia
1676:Alemans
1655:Lucania
1644:triumph
1625:Alamans
1582:of the
1563:In the
1528:Carinus
1479:Bonosus
1432:Tacitus
1420:Châlons
1222:Naissus
866:Antioch
821:Nisibis
772:Abritus
578:Misiche
569:Resaena
358:Châlons
302:Naissus
117: (
93:Châlons
1827:
1795:
1709:Firmus
1672:Franks
1629:Franks
1606:Battle
1551:
1548:Margum
1542:
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1507:
1495:
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1481:&
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1456:
1453:Probus
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1340:(270s)
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1167:Athens
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941:Edessa
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776:Decius
766:
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730:
721:
712:
703:
692:
689:Decius
680:
673:Verona
666:
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640:
631:
624:(240s)
622:
613:
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531:
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517:&
508:
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485:&
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284:Under
199:
143:Result
136:France
1691:after
1621:Rhine
1553:(285)
1521:(283)
1504:Carus
1497:(280)
1488:(280)
1474:(278)
1425:(274)
1403:(273)
1394:(272)
1389:Emesa
1385:(272)
1380:Immae
1376:(272)
1371:Tyana
1367:(271)
1362:Pavia
1358:(271)
1349:(271)
1318:(271)
1309:(271)
1302:(271)
1279:(270)
1272:(270)
1263:(270)
1245:(269)
1213:(269)
1204:(269)
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1172:(267)
1163:(267)
1138:(267)
1122:(263)
1113:(263)
1106:(262)
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1018:(260)
987:(260)
978:(260)
969:(260)
946:(260)
934:(259)
916:(256)
907:(254)
898:(254)
871:(253)
860:(253)
835:(253)
826:(252)
817:(252)
808:(251)
785:(251)
768:(251)
759:(250)
750:(250)
745:Beroe
741:(250)
732:(250)
682:(249)
668:(249)
642:(249)
633:(248)
615:(248)
583:(244)
574:(243)
565:(241)
556:(240)
524:(238)
510:(238)
501:(238)
492:(238)
476:(238)
465:(235)
430:(235)
346:Emesa
341:Immae
336:Tyana
324:Pavia
1825:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1772:2012
1742:2012
1674:and
1627:and
1416:273)
1353:Fano
880:and
848:253)
778:and
659:253)
651:(249
456:235)
443:235)
319:Fano
288:and
112:Date
1876:274
1640:son
1412:(c.
996:(c.
452:(c.
439:(c.
1872::
1846:,
1807:^
1762:.
1750:^
1723:^
844:(c
655:or
134:,
1833:.
1801:.
1774:.
1744:.
392:e
385:t
378:v
263:e
256:t
249:v
121:)
23:.
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