183:
141:
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617:
1845:
1854:
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651:
523:
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498:, was tired and starving; however, the soldiers admired their leader. He promised to pay army wages from his own fortune, resulting in an influx of recruits from Lithuania. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army under Chodkiewicz was composed of roughly 1,000 infantry and 2,600 cavalry, but only five cannons. However, the Polish-Lithuanian forces were well-rested, and their cavalry consisted mostly of superbly trained
69:
731:. However, the Commonwealth proved unable to exploit the victory fully because there was no money for the troops, who had not been paid for months. Without pay, they could not buy food or fodder for their horses or replenish their military supplies, and so the campaign faltered. An additional factor was the large number of trained horses lost during the battle, which proved difficult to replace.
637:, many drowning crossing the Dvina. The Poles and Lithuanians spared few. Polish-Lithuanian casualties were light, in large part due to the speed of the victory. During the hussar's charges, it was the horses that took the greatest damage, the riders being largely protected by the body and heads of their horses.
542:
were to be covered by the
Swedish and German cavalry, and the cannons were placed in front of the cavalry. Charles' force was formed into four lines on the crest of a ridge. The first line consisted of four infantry battalions, cavalry in the second line, six infantry battalions in the third line,
596:
to lure the Swedes off their high position, pretending to withdraw. The Swedes under
Charles thought that the Polish-Lithuanian troops were retreating and therefore advanced to the bottom of the slope, using their second line of cavalry to cover their flanks while the first line of infantry closed
629:
had lost at least 5,000 killed and 500 captured, or up to 7,600–8,000 killed, captured, and dispersed. The Polish-Lithuanian losses numbered only about 100 dead and 200 wounded, although the hussars, in particular, lost a large part of their trained battle horses.
612:
charged. After
Charles sent in his reserve of 700 cavalry, Chodkiewicz sent in his reserves. The entire force of Swedish cavalry was finally put to rout, and in their flight, disordered many of their own infantry, leaving them vulnerable to the hussars' charge.
624:
Within 30 minutes, the
Swedish cavalry was in full retreat on both flanks exposing the infantry in the centre to the hussars and the firepower of Chodkiewicz's infantry. The Swedish defeat was utter and complete. The army of
514:, on poorer horses and tired after a long night's march of over 10 km in torrential rain. The Polish-Lithuanian forces had a small number of Lithuanian Tatar and Cossack mercenaries, used mostly for reconnaissance.
591:
Chodkiewicz tried for hours to lure the Swedes from their positions with his light cavalry sent out to skirmish between the two armies. Chodkiewicz, having smaller forces (approximately a 1:3 disadvantage), used a
272:
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and cavalry in the fourth line. The infantry battalions formed in squares of 30 by 30, with pikemen in the center and shot on the edges, and gaps between the squares allowed passage of their cavalry.
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As in all crushing victories in this period, the larger part of the
Swedish losses were suffered during the retreat, made more difficult by the dense forests and marshes on the route back to
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479:. The Swedish army included two western commanders, Frederick of LĂĽneburg and Count Joachim Frederick of Mansfeld, with a few thousand German and Dutch
1821:
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1983:
447:. The battle ended in a decisive victory of the Polish-Lithuanian forces, and is remembered as one of the greatest triumphs of Commonwealth cavalry.
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1734:
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declined to raise funds for defence and send troops, only making promises they never fulfilled. The army, led by the Great Hetman of
Lithuania
21:
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The main battle started with the Polish-Lithuanian cavalry charge on the
Swedish right flank, with about 1,000 hussars shattering Mansfield's
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1291:
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553:"--with the left wing significantly stronger and commanded by Tomasz DÄ…browa, while the right wing was composed of a smaller number of
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742:, landed near Riga and took the city with a brief siege, wiping away – in Swedish eyes – much of the shame suffered at Kircholm.
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and disordering the
Swedish third infantry line in their retreat. At the same time, on the Swedish left, 650 hussars under
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1962:
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up. This is what
Chodkiewicz was waiting for. The Commonwealth forces now gave fire with Kettlers' Courland
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1936:
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1914:
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formed into seven or eight well-spaced independent blocks, with intersecting fields of fire. The
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of 1600–1611. The battle was decided in 20 minutes by a devastating charge of Polish-Lithuanian
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while
Wincenty Wojna's hussars charged at the Swedish lines, causing disorder in the infantry.
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Chodkiewicz's own company of 300 hussars led by Lt. Wincenty Woyna and a powerful formation of
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579:-style, drew up in the center. Some 280 hussars were left as a general reserve under
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deployed his forces in the traditional deep Polish battle formation--the so-called "
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1029:
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36:
23:
1756:
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1637:
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109:
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1920:
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were numerically superior and were composed of 10,868 men and 11
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17 September] 1605) was one of the major battles in the
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After the defeat, the Swedish king was forced to abandon the
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484:
468:
916:: Ĺ vietimo Ministerijos KnygĹł Leidimo Komisijos Leidinys.
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1905:
Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
526:
Position of both armies prior to Polish-Lithuanian attack
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996:(2 ed.). Stockholm: Hjalmarson & Högberg.
734:A truce was eventually signed in 1611, but by 1617
530:The Swedish forces seem to have been deployed in a
280:
883:
841:
793:
764:
572:. The Polish-Lithuanian infantry, mostly armed in
1059:
723:to Sweden, and to relinquish control of northern
557:under Jan Piotr Sapieha, and the center included
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945:
862:
467:, some 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of
16:1605 battle of the Polish–Swedish War of 1600–11
1735:Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts
510:were less-well trained, armed with pistols and
2853:Battles involving the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
2116:Ottoman–Tatar Invasion of Lithuania and Poland
1822:Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
754:, with the inscription "KIRCHOLM 27 IX 1605".
750:The Battle of Kircholm is commemorated on the
738:, and finally, in 1621, the new Swedish king,
459:and Swedish forces met near the small town of
1786:
1772:
1045:
946:Brzezinski, Richard; Vukšić, Velimir (2006).
266:
2112:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1534–1537)
2100:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–1522)
933:(in Swedish). Vol. bd. II: 1560–1611.
679:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2838:1605 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1958:Second Mongol invasion of Poland (1259/60)
1779:
1765:
1342:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War (1600–1629)
1052:
1038:
273:
259:
1963:Third Mongol invasion of Poland (1287/88)
1953:First Mongol invasion of Poland (1240/41)
699:Learn how and when to remove this message
2251:War of the Polish Succession (1587–1588)
1022:, Radoslaw Sikora, Bartosz Musialowicz,
991:
835:
615:
521:
1812:History of Polish intelligence services
1556:War of the Polish–Lithuanian Succession
1292:War of the Polish–Lithuanian Succession
928:
850:
2830:
2765:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
905:
877:
2158:Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570)
1760:
1033:
968:
889:
820:
787:
719:and withdraw by ship back across the
254:
2348:Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671)
2001:Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk)
1278:Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory
1115:Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–1372)
677:adding citations to reliable sources
644:
2584:Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919)
1509:Polish–Lithuanian–Cossack–Tatar War
752:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw
534:formation, made up of the infantry
13:
14:
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1602:Lithuania partitioned (1795–1918)
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2370:War of the Holy League 1683–1699
2073:Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438)
1864:
1852:
1843:
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1534:Lithuanian Civil War (1697–1702)
1184:Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438)
1130:Lithuanian Civil War (1389–1392)
1120:Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384)
745:
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620:Polish-Lithuanian cavalry charge
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2353:Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–1676
2343:Polish–Ottoman War of 1633–1634
2331:Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–1621
2284:Polish–Russian War of 1609–1618
2202:Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629
2197:Polish–Swedish War of 1621–1625
2192:Polish–Swedish War of 1617–1618
2180:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1611
2175:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1629
2068:Władysław the White's rebellion
2055:Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521)
2040:Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435)
2006:Polish–Teutonic War (1326–1332)
1658:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
1380:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War
1220:Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466)
899:
2535:Greater Poland uprising (1848)
2326:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499)
2095:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499)
1740:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
1326:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish wars
1201:Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War
1157:Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War
948:Polish Winged Hussar 1576–1775
931:Kungl. Svea Livgardes Historia
929:Barkman, Bertil C:son (1939).
502:, or heavy cavalry armed with
245:5,500–8,000 killed and wounded
61:Polish–Swedish War (1600–1611)
1:
2442:Russo–Polish War of 1654–1667
2410:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633)
2083:1444 war against the Ottomans
1910:German–Polish War (1028–1031)
1900:German–Polish War (1003–1018)
1817:List of wars involving Poland
1528:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War
1515:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War
1455:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War
1448:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633)
1414:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War
1372:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War
1366:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War
1360:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War
1346:Polish-Lithuanian–Swedish War
1087:Mongol invasions of Lithuania
1061:Lithuanian wars and conflicts
757:
517:
450:
2452:War of the Bar Confederation
2447:War of the Polish Succession
1562:War of the Bar Confederation
1266:5th Muscovite–Lithuanian War
1260:4th Muscovite–Lithuanian War
1248:3rd Muscovite–Lithuanian War
1242:2nd Muscovite–Lithuanian War
1225:1st Muscovite–Lithuanian War
971:The Northern Wars, 1558–1721
863:Brzezinski & Vukšić 2006
640:
7:
2810:Russian invasion of Ukraine
2703:Częstochowa Ghetto uprising
2499:War of the Fourth Coalition
2151:campaign of Stephen Báthory
1490:Russo-Polish–Lithuanian War
96:17 September] 1605
10:
2884:
2868:Military history of Latvia
2788:Operation Uphold Democracy
2523:War of the Sixth Coalition
2511:War of the Fifth Coalition
2457:Polish–Russian War of 1792
1832:Warfare in Medieval Poland
1807:History of the Polish Army
1696:June Uprising in Lithuania
1125:Battle of the Vikhra River
455:On 27 September 1605, the
2773:
2750:
2711:
2698:Białystok Ghetto uprising
2683:
2643:
2634:
2569:
2528:French invasion of Russia
2474:
2387:
2316:
2229:
2209:Northern War of 1655–1660
2136:
2127:
2063:
1991:
1982:
1945:
1885:
1876:
1838:
1794:
1788:Polish wars and conflicts
1724:
1705:
1686:
1647:
1615:French invasion of Russia
1601:
1584:
1542:
1313:
1286:Northern Seven Years' War
1234:
1138:
1101:
1077:
1067:
975:Pearson Education Limited
969:Frost, Robert I. (2000).
586:
431:; 27 September [
292:
234:
205:
174:
132:
124:Polish-Lithuanian victory
84:
66:
58:
53:
2848:Battles involving Sweden
2843:Battles involving Poland
2616:Second Silesian Uprising
1933:1156 war against Germany
1930:1146 war against Germany
1069:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
906:Ĺ apoka, Adolfas (1936).
2815:Military aid to Ukraine
2626:Third Silesian Uprising
2594:First Silesian Uprising
2589:Polish–Czechoslovak War
2358:Battle of Chocim (1673)
2336:Battle of Chocim (1621)
1521:Battle of Khotyn (1673)
1420:Battle of Khotyn (1621)
483:and even a few hundred
92:27 September [
2863:17th century in Latvia
2693:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
2636:World War II in Poland
2296:Zebrzydowski rebellion
2279:Moldavian Magnate Wars
2246:Siege of Danzig (1577)
1394:Zebrzydowski rebellion
1321:Moldavian Magnate Wars
994:Svenska krig 1521–1814
992:Sundberg, Ulf (2002).
621:
527:
412:
175:Commanders and leaders
2798:2003 invasion of Iraq
2726:Operation Ostra Brama
2621:Polish–Lithuanian War
2435:Battle of Berestechko
2163:War against Sigismund
1937:Galicia–Volhynia Wars
1669:Polish–Lithuanian War
1663:Lithuanian–Soviet War
1482:Battle of Berestechko
1331:War against Sigismund
1109:Galicia–Volhynia Wars
619:
547:Jan Karol Chodkiewicz
525:
496:Jan Karol Chodkiewicz
235:Casualties and losses
188:Jan Karol Chodkiewicz
37:56.84861°N 24.34806°E
2579:Polish–Ukrainian War
2430:Khmelnytsky Uprising
1993:Polish–Teutonic wars
1802:Early modern warfare
1716:Lithuanian partisans
1476:Khmelnytsky Uprising
1146:Samogitian uprisings
673:improve this section
565:sent by the Duke of
473:Charles IX of Sweden
421:Bitwa pod Kircholmem
337:Weissenstein (siege)
2676:during World War II
2462:Kościuszko Uprising
2426:1644 Tatar Invasion
2400:Fedorovych uprising
2391:1624 Tatar Invasion
2318:Polish–Ottoman wars
2270:1593 Tatar Invasion
2262:1589 Tatar Invasion
2239:Battle of LubieszĂłw
2168:Battle of StĂĄngebro
2138:Polish–Swedish wars
2045:Thirteen Years' War
1915:Miecław's Rebellion
1890:Polish–Veletian War
1827:Polish Armed Forces
1795:General and related
1573:Kościuszko Uprising
1472:1644 Tatar Invasion
1436:Fedorovych uprising
1426:1624 Tatar Invasion
1336:Battle of StĂĄngebro
1194:Battle of Pabaiskas
838:, pp. 105–106.
736:war broke out again
506:. In contrast, the
429:Slaget vid Kirkholm
283:Polish–Swedish War
33: /
2803:Occupation of Iraq
2783:War in Afghanistan
2660:Invasion of Poland
2555:fighting in Poland
2476:Poland partitioned
2422:Ostryanyn uprising
2274:Nalyvaiko Uprising
2221:Great Northern War
2185:Battle of Kircholm
2078:Battle of Grotniki
2050:War of the Priests
2023:Battle of Grunwald
1726:Restored Lithuania
1649:Interwar Lithuania
1633:Revolution of 1905
1550:Great Northern War
1467:Ostryanyn uprising
1386:Battle of Klushino
1352:Battle of Kircholm
1304:Nalyvaiko Uprising
1163:Battle of Grunwald
1152:Lithuanian Crusade
1092:Lithuanian Crusade
622:
528:
463:(now Salaspils in
437:Polish–Swedish War
405:Battle of Kircholm
392:Daugavgriva (1609)
367:Daugavgrīva (1608)
74:Battle of Kircholm
54:Battle of Kircholm
42:56.84861; 24.34806
2858:Conflicts in 1605
2825:
2824:
2760:RacibĂłrz Conflict
2752:People's Republic
2746:
2745:
2721:Operation Tempest
2599:Polish–Soviet War
2540:November Uprising
2516:Austro-Polish War
2504:Prussian campaign
2470:
2469:
2365:Great Turkish War
2306:Battle of Humenné
2301:Thirty Years' War
2289:Battle of KĹ‚uszyn
2266:Kosiński uprising
2256:Battle of Byczyna
2123:
2122:
2035:Gollub War (1422)
2030:Hunger War (1414)
1978:
1977:
1968:Battle of Legnica
1919:1072 war against
1895:Battle of Cedynia
1754:
1753:
1707:Soviet occupation
1621:November Uprising
1582:
1581:
1406:Battle of Humenné
1400:Thirty Years' War
1298:Kosiński uprising
1254:Glinski rebellion
984:978-0-582-06429-4
952:Osprey Publishing
912:(in Lithuanian).
909:Lietuvos istorija
740:Gustavus Adolphus
709:
708:
701:
610:Jan Piotr Sapieha
570:Friedrich Kettler
471:). The forces of
400:
399:
249:
248:
157:Duchy of Courland
128:
127:
2875:
2716:Italian Campaign
2685:Ghetto uprisings
2672:, and
2641:
2640:
2604:Battle of Warsaw
2545:January Uprising
2484:Denisko uprising
2417:Pavlyuk uprising
2395:Zhmaylo uprising
2375:Battle of Vienna
2234:Danzig rebellion
2134:
2133:
2011:Battle of PĹ‚owce
1989:
1988:
1984:Jagiellon Poland
1946:Mongol invasions
1883:
1882:
1868:
1856:
1847:
1781:
1774:
1767:
1758:
1757:
1627:January Uprising
1593:
1461:Pavlyuk uprising
1430:Zhmaylo uprising
1207:Crusade of Varna
1189:Battle of Ašmena
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1074:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1031:
1030:
1007:
988:
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551:Old Polish Order
443:, including the
413:Salaspilio mūšis
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2877:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2769:
2742:
2736:Warsaw Uprising
2707:
2679:
2630:
2571:Second Republic
2565:
2489:Napoleonic Wars
2466:
2383:
2312:
2225:
2119:
2105:Battle of Orsha
2088:Battle of Varna
2059:
1974:
1941:
1926:Siege of GĹ‚ogĂłw
1872:
1871:
1860:
1836:
1790:
1785:
1755:
1750:
1720:
1701:
1682:
1677:KlaipÄ—da Revolt
1643:
1609:Napoleonic Wars
1597:
1596:
1578:
1538:
1309:
1230:
1213:Battle of Varna
1134:
1097:
1063:
1058:
1014:
1004:
985:
962:
902:
897:
896:
888:
884:
876:
869:
861:
857:
849:
842:
834:
827:
819:
794:
786:
765:
760:
748:
705:
694:
688:
685:
670:
654:
643:
589:
520:
508:Swedish cavalry
453:
401:
396:
288:
284:
281:
279:
241:
229:
228:8,368 infantry
227:
224:
218:
216:
213:
192:
180:
161:
149:
148:
138:
116:
72:
41:
39:
35:
32:
27:
24:
22:
20:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2881:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2775:Third Republic
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2740:
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2700:
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2656:
2655:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2609:Kiev offensive
2606:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2496:
2494:Peninsular War
2491:
2486:
2480:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
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2328:
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2260:
2259:
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2248:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2142:
2140:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2097:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2015:
2014:
2013:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1986:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1858:
1857:
1849:
1848:
1840:
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1837:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1824:
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1814:
1809:
1804:
1798:
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1791:
1784:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1722:
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1718:
1712:
1710:
1703:
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1700:
1699:
1692:
1690:
1684:
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1681:
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1674:
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1666:
1654:
1652:
1645:
1644:
1642:
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1635:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1598:
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1594:
1586:
1585:
1583:
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1579:
1577:
1576:
1570:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1328:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1269:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1072:
1065:
1064:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1034:
1028:
1027:
1019:Winged Hussars
1013:
1012:External links
1010:
1009:
1008:
1002:
989:
983:
966:
960:
943:
926:
901:
898:
895:
894:
882:
880:, p. 306.
867:
855:
840:
825:
792:
762:
761:
759:
756:
747:
744:
707:
706:
689:September 2017
657:
655:
648:
642:
639:
588:
585:
519:
516:
500:Winged Hussars
452:
449:
445:Winged Hussars
398:
397:
395:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
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293:
290:
289:
278:
277:
270:
263:
255:
247:
246:
243:
237:
236:
232:
231:
226:2,500 cavalry
220:
215:1,000 infantry
208:
207:
203:
202:
190:
177:
176:
172:
171:
159:
135:
134:
130:
129:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
108:, present-day
104:
102:
98:
97:
90:
82:
81:
64:
63:
56:
55:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2836:
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2789:
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2772:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:LwĂłw uprising
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2674:contributions
2671:
2667:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2653:Eastern Front
2651:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2559:Eastern Front
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2526:
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2334:
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2329:
2327:
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2319:
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2299:
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2249:
2247:
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2240:
2237:
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2222:
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2212:
2211:
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2207:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
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2161:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2098:
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2093:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
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1560:
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1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1005:
999:
995:
990:
986:
980:
976:
972:
967:
963:
961:9781841766508
957:
953:
949:
944:
940:
936:
932:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
910:
904:
903:
892:, p. 66.
891:
886:
879:
874:
872:
865:, p. 50.
864:
859:
852:
847:
845:
837:
836:Sundberg 2002
832:
830:
823:, p. 65.
822:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
790:, p. 64.
789:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
763:
755:
753:
746:Commemoration
743:
741:
737:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
703:
700:
692:
682:
678:
674:
668:
667:
663:
658:This section
656:
652:
647:
646:
638:
636:
631:
628:
618:
614:
611:
607:
602:
600:
599:harquebusiers
595:
584:
582:
578:
575:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
541:
537:
533:
524:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
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350:
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320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
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300:
298:
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294:
291:
286:
276:
271:
269:
264:
262:
257:
256:
253:
244:
239:
238:
233:
225:
221:
217:2,600 cavalry
214:
210:
209:
204:
201:
196:
191:
189:
184:
179:
178:
173:
170:
165:
160:
158:
153:
147:
142:
137:
136:
131:
123:
120:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
100:
99:
95:
91:
88:
87:
83:
79:
78:Peter Snayers
75:
70:
65:
62:
57:
52:
49:
46:
2664:Polish
2648:World War II
2405:Smolensk War
2184:
2146:Livonian War
2129:Commonwealth
1878:Piast Poland
1859:
1728:(since 1990)
1688:World War II
1543:18th century
1517:(1672–1676)
1498:(1655–1660)
1496:Northern War
1478:(1648–1657)
1444:(1632–1634)
1442:Smolensk War
1416:(1620–1621)
1402:(1618–1648)
1382:(1605–1618)
1351:
1348:(1600–1611)
1314:17th century
1274:(1558–1583)
1272:Livonian War
1235:16th century
1209:(1443–1444)
1159:(1409–1411)
1139:15th century
1102:14th century
1079:13th century
1024:BUM Magazine
1023:
1018:
993:
970:
947:
930:
908:
900:Bibliography
885:
858:
851:Barkman 1939
749:
733:
710:
695:
686:
671:Please help
659:
632:
623:
603:
590:
581:Teodor Lacki
545:
532:checkerboard
529:
492:Polish Crown
489:
457:Commonwealth
454:
428:
420:
404:
402:
387:Pärnu (1609)
361:
357:Weissenstein
347:Pärnu (1603)
285:of 1600–1611
222:
211:
133:Belligerents
73:
59:Part of the
18:
2550:World War I
1747:(2003–2011)
1709:(1944–1990)
1671:(1919–1920)
1665:(1918–1919)
1651:(1918–1940)
1640:(1914–1918)
1638:World War I
1629:(1863–1864)
1623:(1830–1831)
1611:(1803–1815)
1568:War of 1792
1564:(1768–1774)
1558:(1733–1735)
1552:(1700–1721)
1530:(1683–1699)
1511:(1666–1671)
1492:(1654–1667)
1457:(1633–1634)
1374:(1626–1629)
1368:(1621–1625)
1362:(1617–1618)
1306:(1594–1596)
1300:(1591–1593)
1294:(1587–1588)
1288:(1563–1570)
1280:(1577–1582)
1268:(1534–1537)
1262:(1512–1522)
1250:(1507–1508)
1244:(1500–1503)
1227:(1492–1494)
1203:(1431–1435)
1148:(1401–1409)
1111:(1340–1392)
1094:(1283–1422)
878:Ĺ apoka 1936
481:mercenaries
317:Kokenhausen
242:200 wounded
40: /
2832:Categories
2670:resistance
2214:The Deluge
1502:The Deluge
1176:Gollub War
1170:Hunger War
1003:9189660102
890:Frost 2000
821:Frost 2000
788:Frost 2000
758:References
721:Baltic Sea
627:Charles IX
518:Deployment
451:Background
409:Lithuanian
240:100 killed
230:11 cannons
200:Charles IX
28:24°20′53″E
25:56°50′55″N
2018:Great War
1071:(to 1795)
939:929311731
660:does not
641:Aftermath
574:Hungarian
536:regiments
219:5 cannons
110:Salaspils
2793:Iraq War
1745:Iraq War
567:Courland
512:carbines
461:Kircholm
362:Kircholm
206:Strength
106:Kircholm
101:Location
2668:,
2666:history
2557:on the
1921:Bohemia
1026:, 2016.
922:8122151
729:Estonia
681:removed
666:sources
606:reiters
563:reiters
555:hussars
477:cannons
441:cavalry
425:Swedish
342:Rakvere
302:LimbaĹľi
223:10,868:
80:, 1620s
1698:(1941)
1679:(1923)
1617:(1812)
1575:(1794)
1484:(1651)
1469:(1638)
1463:(1637)
1438:(1630)
1432:(1625)
1408:(1619)
1396:(1606)
1388:(1610)
1354:(1605)
1256:(1508)
1178:(1422)
1172:(1414)
1000:
981:
958:
937:
920:
914:Kaunas
725:Latvia
587:Battle
577:hajduk
559:Hetman
540:flanks
504:lances
465:Latvia
417:Polish
327:Fellin
322:Wolmar
307:Wenden
297:Karksi
212:3,600:
169:Sweden
121:Result
114:Latvia
713:siege
594:feint
485:Scots
377:Salis
372:Pärnu
352:Narva
332:Reval
312:Ä’rgÄĽi
998:ISBN
979:ISBN
956:ISBN
935:OCLC
918:OCLC
727:and
717:Riga
664:any
662:cite
635:Riga
490:The
469:Riga
433:O.S.
403:The
382:Riga
94:O.S.
89:Date
715:of
675:by
76:by
2834::
977:.
973:.
954:.
950:.
870:^
843:^
828:^
795:^
766:^
583:.
487:.
427::
423:;
419::
415:;
411::
112:,
1780:e
1773:t
1766:v
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
1006:.
987:.
964:.
941:.
924:.
853:.
702:)
696:(
691:)
687:(
683:.
669:.
407:(
274:e
267:t
260:v
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