698:, however, states there may have been 1,900 to 2,100 total allied horsemen and 15,000 to 20,000 infantry, of which the burgess militia of Toulouse must have formed the most solid portion. Oman thus implied the allied infantry ranks were not exclusively filled with Toulousain militiamen, pointing out that at the news of Peter's approach, the men of Languedoc took arms on all sides and the Counts of Toulouse and Foix were able to assemble a "large army" beneath their banners. Spencer Tucker expressed that Monfort's first two battles may have been outnumbered by "as much as 30 to 1" when Montfort and his third battle of 300 men circled out of sight of the besiegers to flank them. If Montfort's third battle consisted of 300 knights and mounted sergeants, the combined first two battles numbered 600 men to form the 900 cavalry, which would place the allied army at 18,000 men in total. These perfectly fit in Oman's estimates of 16,900 to 22,100 allied troops. Considerably higher estimates of 4,000 allied cavalry and 30,000 allied infantry are also shared by the British publisher DK, which seem extremely high as anything above 10,000 fighting men is deemed exceedingly non-credible by
735:
549:
37:
730:
Montfort then returned to the besieged Muret. The militia from
Toulouse renewed their assault on the city. When they saw the Crusader horsemen returning and learned that King Peter of Aragon had been killed, they broke and fled their fortified camp toward the Garonne River but were slaughtered in the
718:
Crossing a stream, William of Barres' cavalry rode for the center of the Count of Foix's line, with the second
Crusader line following him. The coalition's first line was crushed by the impetus of the charge and the Crusaders broke through to the second. At the same time, Montfort maneuvered his unit
710:
Montfort led his knights and horse sergeants out of the walled town and divided his cavalry army into three lines, with his half-brother
William of Barres commanding the first line and Montfort himself commanding the third for purposes of tactical command and control. King Peter had arranged his men
722:
King Peter may have been killed in the initial clash or the
Crusaders may have headed for his standard in the second line during the battle, seeking to kill him. According to one contemporary account, he shouted "Here is your King!", but was not heard. Knowledge of his death contributed to the rout
515:
and a much more complete victory than the first two. It showed
Montfort had no equal as a battlefield commander, having now after his previous exploits defeated, against all odds, a man whose status as a sovereign king, general and crusader matched or exceeded the Frenchman's own reputation.
673:
Estimates about the number of troops in the allied army vary considerably as contemporary sources were not remotely credible. It is not a matter of controversy that Peter II and his
Aragonese and Catalan army were joined by southern lords and their respective forces. However,
665:
specifically gives 700 infantry and 900 cavalry under Simon de
Monfort for a total of 1,600 men, which is fairly close to the former author's higher estimates. These estimates of 1,600 to 1,700 French cavalry and infantry are also given by many other noted historians.
661:, Simon de Montfort led an army of 1,000–1,700 French Crusaders, including a small contingent of knights brought by his ally, the Viscount of Corbeil. Montfort had 900 cavalry, of which 260 were knights. His 300–700 infantry stayed behind at Muret to hold the town.
726:
Montfort's first two lines pursued the defeated coalition cavalry, while
Montfort himself rallied his third line and kept them in reserve in case the pursuers encountered resistance. This proved unnecessary, as the fleeing cavalrymen put up no such effort.
648:
led by
Raymond and other southern French lords. Peter chose to position his army so their right flank was protected by the Saudrune River, and the left by a marsh. He tasked the Toulousain militia with assaulting the walls of the city.
488:. Although estimates of the sizes of the respective armies vary considerably even among distinguished modern historians, it is most well known for a small force of French knights and crusaders commanded by
678:, the primary contemporary source about the battle, puts the total allied army at an impossible 100,000 men and claims casualties to have numbered as high as 20,000. Marvin, referencing the estimates of
715:
commanding the first line and the King disguising himself in a borrowed suit of armor in the second line. Once deployed, Peter's army remained stationary and waited for the
Crusaders' approach.
523:
The death of Peter II and the heavy loss of life among the Aragonese nobility had permanent political consequences in the region. The outcome of the battle removed Aragonese influence over the
1179:
682:
and Martin Alvira Cabrer, states that Peter of Aragon brought 800 to 1,000 Aragonese cavalry, joined by 2,000–4,000 militia infantry from Toulouse and cavalry from the counts of
1648:
438:
342:
421:
374:
310:
379:
657:
The contemporary sources' estimates of the size of Montfort's army do not cause much controversy and are generally supported by modern historians. According to
416:
401:
396:
411:
369:
1360:
A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
1252:
A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
929:
A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
794:
A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East [6 volumes]: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
364:
359:
520:
described the battle as the most remarkable triumphs ever won by a force entirely composed of cavalry over an enemy that used both horse and foot.
719:
to outflank the coalition cavalry from the left and crashed into them. Confused and disorganized, the coalition cavalrymen began to retreat.
303:
755:. In addition, with de Montfort's victory as well as the death of King Peter, the ambitions of Aragon in Languedoc were effectively ended.
690:. Peter's combined forces possibly numbered 2,000–4,000 cavalry and 2,000–4,000 infantry; 4,000 to 8,000 men in total are also given by
1304:
1206:
1140:
1086:
1020:
969:
819:
1412:
873:
81:
1358:
1250:
927:
792:
489:
296:
172:
1331:
1113:
1047:
900:
846:
670:, while giving similar estimates about the number of cavalry, list the number of infantrymen at 1,200, for a total of 2,100 men.
1643:
1385:
1277:
1523:
1422:
1395:
1368:
1341:
1314:
1287:
1260:
1216:
1189:
1150:
1123:
1096:
1057:
1030:
979:
937:
910:
883:
856:
829:
802:
1547:
1653:
1638:
1633:
1609:
1508:
596:
406:
578:
1668:
570:
574:
203:
1663:
1537:
712:
207:
43:
1673:
675:
1678:
559:
1628:
1595:
563:
433:
752:
626:
497:
337:
532:
159:
448:
8:
748:
610:
477:
320:
151:
28:
1658:
1539:
The Occitan War: A Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209–1218
691:
630:
622:
508:
504:
493:
443:
191:
147:
1333:
A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century
1181:
A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century
1115:
A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century
1049:
A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century
902:
A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century
848:
A History of the Art of War: The Middle Ages from the Fourth to the Fourteenth Century
1605:
1567:
1556:
1543:
1519:
1504:
1418:
1391:
1364:
1337:
1310:
1283:
1256:
1212:
1185:
1146:
1119:
1092:
1053:
1026:
975:
933:
906:
879:
852:
825:
798:
699:
662:
178:
134:
644:
On 10 September, Peter's army arrived at Muret, and was joined by contingents from
512:
465:
354:
195:
1601:
The Chronicle of William of Puylaurens: The Albigensian Crusade and its Aftermath
1599:
1572:
A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East
1533:
658:
143:
667:
528:
481:
155:
1622:
679:
96:
83:
734:
695:
517:
511:, Muret is regarded as one of the most decisive tactical victories of the
485:
531:
to assert its own control over them, which led to an expansion of the
288:
271:
Presumably there were only 4 to 9 dead (1 knight and 3 or 8 sergeants)
683:
645:
634:
618:
614:
524:
138:
548:
1580:
Warfare in the Roman Empire, the Dark and Middle Ages, to 1494 A.D.
1306:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
1208:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
1142:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
1088:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
1022:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
971:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
821:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology
473:
117:
36:
1516:
Muret 1213. La batalla decisiva de la Cruzada contra los Cátaros
988:
637:. He decided to cross the Pyrenees and to deal with Montfort at
629:. Count Raymond sought assistance from his brother-in-law, King
248:
1,000–2,000 Aragonese and Catalan knights and mounted sergeants
638:
469:
74:
951:
949:
687:
1470:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1232:
1230:
1228:
946:
1594:
774:
772:
468:: Batalha de Murèth), fought on 12 September 1213 near
1649:
Military history of Occitania (administrative region)
1458:
1431:
1225:
1159:
1066:
1000:
769:
633:, who felt threatened by Montfort's conquests in
251:1,000–2,000 Occitan knights and mounted sergeants
1620:
492:defeating a much larger allied army led by King
527:and its surrounding provinces and allowed the
278:Many thousands killed (King Peter II included)
1513:
1503:, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 2002.
994:
304:
1501:El Jueves de Muret. 12 de Septiembre de 1213
1390:. Dorling Kindersley Limited. p. 383.
1282:. Dorling Kindersley Limited. p. 383.
747:This would be the last major battle of the
609:Simon IV de Montfort was the leader of the
577:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
41:The Battle of Muret: illustration from the
311:
297:
1598:(2003). Silby, W.A.; Silby, M.D. (eds.).
1542:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
751:, which did not officially end until the
597:Learn how and when to remove this message
1410:
871:
733:
267:Light (less than 100 total casualties)
1309:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
1211:. Oxford University Press. p. 37.
1145:. Oxford University Press. p. 37.
1091:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
1025:. Oxford University Press. p. 37.
974:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
824:. Oxford University Press. p. 36.
318:
1621:
1566:
1532:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1356:
1302:
1248:
1236:
1204:
1165:
1138:
1084:
1072:
1018:
1006:
967:
955:
925:
817:
790:
778:
1604:. Suffolk, UK: Boydell & Brewer.
1336:. Tales End Press. pp. 530–534.
1052:. Tales End Press. pp. 536–537.
292:
1490:
1329:
1177:
1111:
1045:
898:
844:
575:adding citations to reliable sources
542:
621:under Capetian control. He invaded
476:, was the last major battle of the
13:
1588:
1417:. Faber & Faber. p. 245.
1383:
1275:
878:. Faber & Faber. p. 245.
14:
1690:
1518:(in Spanish). Ariel, Barcelona.
1184:. Tales End Press. p. 529.
1118:. Tales End Press. p. 536.
905:. Tales End Press. p. 534.
851:. Tales End Press. p. 530.
711:in the same formation, with the
547:
428:Royal intervention and aftermath
240:No more than 10,000 fighting men
35:
1485:
1404:
1377:
1350:
1323:
1296:
1269:
1242:
1198:
1171:
1132:
1105:
1078:
1039:
1012:
16:Part of the Albigensian Crusade
1514:Alvira-Cabrer, Martín (2008).
961:
919:
892:
865:
838:
811:
784:
1:
1644:Military history of Catalonia
763:
538:
204:Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse
48:
1303:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
1205:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
1139:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
1085:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
1019:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
968:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
818:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
742:
480:and one of the most notable
208:Raymond-Roger, Count of Foix
44:Grandes Chroniques de France
7:
1411:Sumption, Jonathan (2011).
1357:Tucker, Spencer C. (2009).
1249:Tucker, Spencer C. (2009).
926:Tucker, Spencer C. (2009).
872:Sumption, Jonathan (2011).
791:Tucker, Spencer C. (2009).
490:Simon de Montfort the Elder
281:Unknown wounded or captured
173:Simon de Montfort the Elder
10:
1695:
1363:. ABC-CLIO. p. 269.
1255:. ABC-CLIO. p. 269.
932:. ABC-CLIO. p. 269.
797:. ABC-CLIO. p. 269.
705:
676:Pierre des Vaux de Cernay
652:
330:
260:
254:Several thousand infantry
227:500–700 mounted sergeants
213:
165:
139:Northern French Crusaders
128:
57:
34:
26:
21:
1654:History of Haute-Garonne
1639:Battles involving Aragon
1634:Battles involving France
1574:. Vol. I. ABC-CLIO.
758:
160:Viscounty of Carcassonne
1669:Battles of the Crusades
1596:Guillaume de Puylaurens
1561:The Albigensian Crusade
1414:The Albigensian Crusade
875:The Albigensian Crusade
1499:Martín Alvira-Cabrer,
1330:Oman, Charles (2012).
1178:Oman, Charles (2012).
1112:Oman, Charles (2012).
1046:Oman, Charles (2012).
899:Oman, Charles (2012).
845:Oman, Charles (2012).
739:
625:and exiled its count,
498:Raymond VI of Toulouse
472:, 25 km south of
166:Commanders and leaders
737:
261:Casualties and losses
753:1229 Treaty of Paris
738:Course of the battle
613:aimed at destroying
571:improve this section
333:1209 Barons' Crusade
186:Guillaume de Contres
183:Guillaume des Barres
1664:Albigensian Crusade
1578:Hoffman Nickerson,
1534:Marvin, Laurence W.
1479:, pp. 175–195.
1455:, pp. 189–190.
997:, pp. 206–208.
958:, pp. 186–187.
749:Albigensian Crusade
611:Albigensian Crusade
533:French royal domain
478:Albigensian Crusade
322:Albigensian Crusade
152:County of Comminges
93: /
29:Albigensian Crusade
1568:Tucker, Spencer C.
995:Alvira-Cabrer 2008
740:
692:Clifford J. Rogers
631:Peter II of Aragon
623:County of Toulouse
494:Peter II of Aragon
192:Peter II of Aragon
148:County of Toulouse
1674:Conflicts in 1213
1557:Jonathan Sumption
1525:978-84-344-5255-8
1491:Secondary sources
1424:978-0-571-26657-9
1397:978-1-4053-4778-5
1370:978-1-85109-672-5
1343:978-1-62358-003-2
1316:978-0-19-533403-6
1289:978-1-4053-4778-5
1262:978-1-85109-672-5
1218:978-0-19-533403-6
1191:978-1-62358-003-2
1152:978-0-19-533403-6
1125:978-1-62358-003-2
1098:978-0-19-533403-6
1059:978-1-62358-003-2
1032:978-0-19-533403-6
981:978-0-19-533403-6
939:978-1-85109-672-5
912:978-1-62358-003-2
885:978-0-571-26657-9
858:978-1-62358-003-2
831:978-0-19-533403-6
804:978-1-85109-672-5
700:Jonathan Sumption
663:Spencer C. Tucker
617:and bringing the
607:
606:
599:
457:
456:
287:
286:
242:16,900–22,100 men
179:Bouchard de Marly
135:Kingdom of France
124:
123:
65:12 September 1213
1686:
1615:
1575:
1553:
1529:
1498:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1429:
1428:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1246:
1240:
1234:
1223:
1222:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1016:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
986:
985:
965:
959:
953:
944:
943:
923:
917:
916:
896:
890:
889:
869:
863:
862:
842:
836:
835:
815:
809:
808:
788:
782:
776:
602:
595:
591:
588:
582:
551:
543:
513:High Middle Ages
391:Languedoc Revolt
325:
323:
313:
306:
299:
290:
289:
236:Modern estimates
230:300–700 infantry
220:1,000–1,700 men
200:
108:
107:
105:
104:
103:
98:
97:43.467°N 1.333°E
94:
91:
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89:
86:
59:
58:
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52: 1375–1380
50:
39:
19:
18:
1694:
1693:
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1687:
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1679:1210s in France
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1591:
1589:Further reading
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1344:
1328:
1324:
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1301:
1297:
1290:
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1235:
1226:
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1203:
1199:
1192:
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1137:
1133:
1126:
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1106:
1099:
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1060:
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1033:
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1005:
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993:
989:
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966:
962:
954:
947:
940:
924:
920:
913:
897:
893:
886:
870:
866:
859:
843:
839:
832:
816:
812:
805:
789:
785:
777:
770:
766:
761:
745:
708:
659:Laurence Marvin
655:
603:
592:
586:
583:
568:
552:
541:
535:further south.
529:Crown of France
482:pitched battles
462:Battle of Muret
458:
453:
439:2nd Carcassonne
343:1st Carcassonne
326:
321:
319:
317:
245:
244:4,000–8,000 men
243:
241:
239:
224:240–260 knights
206:
202:
196:
158:
154:
150:
146:
144:Crown of Aragon
137:
101:
99:
95:
92:
87:
84:
82:
80:
79:
78:
51:
40:
22:Battle of Muret
17:
12:
11:
5:
1692:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:1213 in Europe
1617:
1616:
1610:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1576:
1570:, ed. (2010).
1564:
1554:
1549:978-0521123655
1548:
1530:
1524:
1511:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1469:
1467:, p. 269.
1457:
1445:
1443:, p. 189.
1430:
1423:
1403:
1396:
1376:
1369:
1349:
1342:
1322:
1315:
1295:
1288:
1268:
1261:
1241:
1239:, p. 188.
1224:
1217:
1197:
1190:
1170:
1168:, p. 191.
1158:
1151:
1131:
1124:
1104:
1097:
1077:
1075:, p. 192.
1065:
1058:
1038:
1031:
1011:
1009:, p. 193.
999:
987:
980:
960:
945:
938:
918:
911:
891:
884:
864:
857:
837:
830:
810:
803:
783:
781:, p. 185.
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
744:
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604:
587:September 2020
555:
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228:
225:
216:
215:
211:
210:
189:
188:
187:
184:
181:
168:
167:
163:
162:
156:County of Foix
141:
131:
130:
126:
125:
122:
121:
114:
110:
109:
73:
71:
67:
66:
63:
55:
54:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1691:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
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1660:
1657:
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1611:0-85115-925-7
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1509:84-477-0796-2
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1497:(in Spanish)
1486:Bibliography
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584:
569:Please help
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518:Charles Oman
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407:2nd Toulouse
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129:Belligerents
42:
27:Part of the
1477:Marvin 2009
1465:Tucker 2010
1453:Marvin 2009
1441:Marvin 2009
1384:DK (2009).
1276:DK (2009).
1237:Marvin 2009
1166:Marvin 2009
1073:Marvin 2009
1007:Marvin 2009
956:Marvin 2009
779:Marvin 2009
486:Middle Ages
100: /
1623:Categories
764:References
627:Raymond VI
539:Background
496:and Count
1659:Catharism
743:Aftermath
684:Comminges
646:Languedoc
635:Languedoc
619:Languedoc
615:Catharism
558:does not
525:Languedoc
449:Montségur
444:Avignonet
397:Beaucaire
1536:(2009).
509:Bouvines
505:Hastings
474:Toulouse
412:Marmande
402:Salvetat
214:Strength
118:Crusader
77:, France
70:Location
1582:, 1925
1563:, 2000
579:removed
564:sources
484:of the
466:Occitan
434:Avignon
417:Baziège
370:Montgey
355:Minerve
338:Béziers
198:†
120:victory
116:French
85:43°28′N
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731:rout.
706:Battle
653:Armies
365:Lavaur
360:Termes
194:
113:Result
88:1°20′E
759:Notes
639:Muret
503:Like
470:Muret
385:Muret
75:Muret
1606:ISBN
1544:ISBN
1520:ISBN
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934:ISBN
907:ISBN
880:ISBN
853:ISBN
826:ISBN
799:ISBN
688:Foix
686:and
562:any
560:cite
507:and
460:The
62:Date
1387:War
1279:War
573:by
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312:e
305:t
298:v
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