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Muslims, and to free the comrades who had been captured by the invaders. A large number of clans began to prepare for war. Bahman divided the
Persian forces into two field armies and sent them off from Ctesiphon. One, under Ruzbeh, moved to Husaid, and the other, under Zarmahr, moved to Khanafis. For the moment these two armies were located in separate areas for ease of movement and administration, but they were not to proceed beyond these locations until the Christian Arabs were ready for battle. Bahman planned to concentrate the entire imperial army to either await a Muslim attack or march south to fight the Muslims at
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forces with sufficient speed to make up for this difference. Meanwhile, Khalid remained with his reserve corps at Ain-ut-Tamr to guard against any offensive movement from Saniyy and Zumail towards Hira. Qaqa defeated the
Persian army at Husaid, the remaining army retreated to Khanafis, where when the commander of the army at Khanafis heard about the Muslim's victory at husaid withdraw his forces to Muzayyah and joined the Christian Arabs, where
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moved wide on his flanks. On the appointed night and at the appointed time – in the second week of
November 633 (first week of Ramazan, 12 Hijri) – the three corps fell upon the Arab camp at Saniyy. This time even fewer Arabs survived the slaughter. The women and children and many youths, however, were spared, and taken captive. The Arab commander, Rabi'a bin Bujair was killed.
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and form one large, powerful army. This was the situation that greeted Khalid on his arrival at Hira from Daumat-ul-Jnadal in the fourth week of
September 633. The situation could assume dangerous proportions, but only if the four imperial forces succeeded in uniting and took offensive action against
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But the
Christian Arabs were not yet ready. They were forming into two groups: the first, under a chief named Huzail bin Imran, was concentrating at Muzayyah; the second, under the chief Rabi'a bin Bujair, was gathering at two places close to each other-Saniyy and Zumail These two groups, when ready,
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armies at those places. It was Khalid's intention to fight both
Persian armies speedily as well as simultaneously, so that neither could get away while the other was being slashed to pieces. But this was not to be; for the march to Khanafis was longer than to Husaid, and Abu Laila failed to move his
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A few days later the entire Muslim army was concentrated at Ain-ut-Tamr, except for a small garrison left under Iyad ibn Ghanm to look after Hira. The army was now organised in three corps of about 5,000 men each, one of which was kept in reserve. Khalid sent Qaqa to Husaid and Abu Laila to
Khanafis
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Khalid decided to repeat the manoeuvre of
Muzayyah. His army would operate in three corps as before. From Muzayyah the corps would march on separate axes and converge for the attack on Saniyy on a predetermined night and time. Khalid advanced on the direct route from Muzayyah while the other corps
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The
Christian Arabs responded willingly and eagerly to the overtures of the Persian court. Apart from the defeat at Ayn al-Tamr, the incensed Arabs of this area also sought revenge for the killing of their great chief, Aqqa. They were anxious, too, to regain the lands which they had lost to the
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selected
Muzayyah. The other was a smaller objective and could be dealt with later without difficulty as by now the exact location of the imperial camps at Muzayyah, Saniyy and Zumial had been established by Khalid's agents, and to deal with this objective he designed a manoeuvre which, seldom
912:, partly of veterans drawn from garrisons in other parts of the Empire, and partly of fresh recruits. This army was now ready for battle. With its numerous raw recruits, however, it was not of the same quality as the armies which had fought Muslims south of the
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Khalid decided to fight and destroy each imperial force separately. With this strategy in mind, he divided the Muslim garrison of Hira into two corps, one of which he placed under
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and the other under Abu Laila. Khalid sent them both to Ain-ul-Tamr, where he would join them a little later, after the troops who had fought at Daumat-ul-Jandal had been rested.
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practiced in history, is one of the most difficult to control and co-ordinate-a simultaneous converging attack from three directions made
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attacked the Arab forces at Zumail and destroyed them too after which the Persian might in
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who remained loyal to the Empire. He therefore initiated parleys with the Arabs.
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By now Bahman had organised a new army, made up partly of the survivors of
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back into the desert and regain the territories and the prestige which the
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The remaining objectives were Muzayyah and the Saniyy and Zumial,
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The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns
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The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns
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gone from Ayn al-Tamr to Dumat Al-Jandal for the help of
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1040:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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16:Battle between Caliphate and Sassanids in 633
1088:, Nat. Publishing. House, Rawalpindi (1970)
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1071:Learn how and when to remove this message
1133:Battles involving the Rashidun Caliphate
27:Part of Campaigns of Khalid ibn al-Walid
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13:
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825:Campaigns in Armenia and Anatolia
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1143:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia
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997:After the Battle of Saniyy,
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945:Al-Qa'qa'a ibn Amr at-Tamimi
7:
1128:Battles of Khalid ibn Walid
951:with orders to destroy the
705:Conquest of Byzantine Syria
635:Conquest of Sasanian Persia
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1026:This article includes a
526:Campaigns under Muhammad
1055:more precise citations.
117:Rabi'a bin Bujair
107:Commanders and leaders
960:defeated them in the
543:Demolition of al-Uzza
142:Casualties and losses
974:Khalid ibn al-Walid
968:Manoeuvre of Khalid
898:Khalid ibn al-Walid
813:Conquest of Bahnasa
805:Campaigns in Africa
514:Khalid ibn al-Walid
113:Khalid ibn al-Walid
1028:list of references
962:Battle of Muzayyah
865:) was between the
583:2nd Dumatul Jandal
86:Rashidun Caliphate
69:Rashidun Caliphate
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1047:Please help
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728:Al-Uqab Pass
723:al-Qaryatayn
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137:5,000–10,000
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80:Belligerents
48:November 633
1053:introducing
863:معركة الثني
833:Iron Bridge
768:Marj ar-Rum
673:Ayn al-Tamr
533:Hudaybiyyah
331:Gundishapur
302:2nd Babylon
267:1st Babylon
237:Ayn al-Tamr
201:Mesopotamia
1122:Categories
1009:References
904:Background
843:Germanicia
718:Marj Rahit
595:Ridda Wars
428:Oxus River
375:Azerbaijan
993:Aftermath
979:at night.
918:Christian
914:Euphrates
818:Cyrenaica
788:2nd Emesa
783:Jerusalem
508:Campaigns
319:Khuzestan
307:Ctesiphon
190:of Persia
98:Christian
937:Persians
894:Persians
753:Damascus
738:Ajnadayn
683:Muzayyah
668:Al-Anbar
465:Sakastan
433:Nishapur
421:Khorasan
409:Bishapur
369:Caucasus
358:Waj Rudh
348:Nahavand
326:Shushtar
247:Muzayyah
232:Al-Anbar
129:Strength
91:Sassanid
53:Location
1049:improve
953:Persian
886:Muslims
876:. When
838:Armenia
778:Yarmouk
603:Buzakha
443:Badghis
414:Estakhr
395:Derbent
385:Albania
380:Armenia
336:Bayrudh
272:Namaraq
147:Minimal
121:†
71:victory
1092:
984:Battle
940:Hira.
890:Empire
867:Muslim
859:Arabic
798:Aleppo
743:Yaqusa
693:Zumail
688:Saniyy
678:Husayd
658:Ullais
653:Walaja
643:Chains
613:Yamama
608:Ghamra
588:Najran
558:Hunayn
538:Mu'tah
460:Kerman
390:Iberia
353:Spahan
312:Jalula
287:Buwaib
282:Bridge
277:Kaskar
257:Zumail
252:Saniyy
242:Husayd
222:Ullais
217:Walaja
207:Chains
134:15,000
65:Result
1034:, or
921:Arabs
793:Hazir
773:Emesa
733:Bosra
713:Firaz
698:Firaz
648:River
628:Naqra
618:Zafar
573:Tabuk
563:Mecca
553:Ta'if
438:Herat
262:Firaz
212:River
150:5,000
101:Arabs
1090:ISBN
1003:Iraq
929:Hira
870:Arab
763:Fahl
663:Hira
402:Pars
297:Burs
227:Hira
58:Iraq
45:Date
1138:633
510:of
363:Ray
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