California Republic

1561:

privilege of buying or renting Lands of their friends, who instead of being allowed to participate in or being protected by a "Republican Government" were oppressed by a "Military Despotism," who were even threatened, by "Proclamation" from the Chief Officer of the aforesaid Despotism, with extermination if they would not depart out of the Country, leaving all of their property, their arms and beasts of burden, and thus deprived of the means of flight or defense. We were to be driven through deserts, inhabited by hostile Indians to certain destruction. To overthrow a Government which has seized upon the property of the Missions for its individual aggrandizement; which has ruined and shamefully oppressed the laboring people of California, by their enormous exactions on goods imported into this country; is the determined purpose of the brave men who are associated under his command.

1990: 1424: 1362:, a future leader of the Revolt, writes of receiving an unsigned written message on June 8, 1846: "Notice is hereby given, that a large body of armed Spaniards on horseback, amounting to 250 men, have been seen on their way to the Sacramento Valley, destroying crops and burning houses, and driving off the cattle. Capt. Fremont invites every freeman in the valley to come to his camp at the Butts , immediately; and he hopes to stay the enemy and put a stop to his" – (Here the sheet was folded and worn in-two, and no more is found). Ide and other settlers quickly traveled to Frémont's camp but were generally dissatisfied by the lack of a specific plan and their inability to obtain from Frémont any definite promise of aid. 88: 1763: 1490: 1183: 307: 293: 1079: 268: 72: 254: 1324: 1315: 1221: 1791:

Haro brothers and Berreyesa were dropped off at the shoreline and started on foot for the mission. All three were shot and killed. Beyond that almost every fact is disputed. Some say Frémont ordered the killings. Others, that they were carrying secret messages from Castro to Torre. Others that Carson committed the homicides as revenge for the deaths of Cowie and Fowler or they were shot by Frémont's Delaware Indians. This incident became an issue in Frémont's later campaign for President. Partisan eyewitnesses and newspapers related totally conflicting stories.

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weapons loaded and at the ready before dawn the next day when Frémont and Ford's forces approached Sonoma – almost provoking firing by the garrison. Frémont, understanding that he had been tricked, left again for San Rafael after a hasty breakfast. He arrived back at the old mission within twenty-four hours of leaving but during that period Torre and his men had time to escape to San Pablo via boat. Torre had successfully used the ruse not only to escape but almost succeeded in provoking a 'friendly fire' incident among the insurgents.

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rejected the surrender. Ezekiel Merritt and John Grigsby asserted that Frémont had ordered the capture of Sonoma. William Ide beseeched his fellow insurgents to keep themselves under control. 24 Osos stood with him and elected him their leader. William Todd fashioned the Bear Flag, which was later raised in Sonoma Plaza. Ten men were selected to escort four prisoners taken from the Vallejo's homestead, including Mariano Vallejo, to the American camp, 80 miles away.

980: 9923: 3190: 620: 19735: 10802: 8853: 8817: 350: 8863: 964: 1852: 1228: 1742:. Ford approached the adobe but more men appeared and others came "pouring out of the adobe". Militiamen from south of the Bay, led by Mexican Captain Joaquin de la Torre, had joined with Padilla's irregulars and now numbered about seventy. Ford's men positioned themselves in a grove of trees and opened fire when the enemy charged on horseback, killing one Californio and wounding another. During the ensuing 1746:, William Todd and his companion escaped from the house where they were being held and ran to the Bears. The Californios disengaged from the long-range fighting after suffering a few wounded and returned to San Rafael. A Californian militiaman reported that their muskets could not shoot as far as the rifles used by some Bears. This was the only battle fought during the Bear Flag Revolt. 906:

United States resulted in orders from Mexico City denying immigrants from the United States entry into California. The orders also required California's officials not to allow land grants, sales or even rental of land to non-citizen emigrants already in California. All non-citizen immigrants, who had arrived without permission, were threatened with being forced out of California.

1644:. Frémont recounts in his memoirs, "Affairs had now assumed a critical aspect and I presently saw that the time had come when it was unsafe to leave events to mature under unfriendly, or mistaken, direction … I knew the facts of the situation. These I could not make known, but felt warranted in assuming the responsibility and acting on my own knowledge." 2822:

Padilla's group, under the command of Captain Joaquin de la Torre. Ford's men opened fire from a distance, killing one and wounding one. Todd and his partner escaped, while the Californios returned to San Rafael and the Osos went to Sonoma. The "Battle of Olompali" was the only fight of the Bear Flag Republic.

1600:

because of his country's neutrality. Todd, José de Rosa (the messenger Vallejo sent to Montgomery), and U.S. Navy Lieutenant John S. Misroon returned to Sonoma in the Portsmouth's launch the morning of the 16th. Misroon's mission was, without interfering with the revolt, to prevent violence to noncombatants.

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for those outside is debatable. However, when the agreement was presented to those outside they refused to endorse it. Rather than releasing the Mexican officers under parole they insisted they be held as hostages. John Grigsby refused to remain as leader of the group, stating he had been deceived by

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a multitude of foreigners come into California and bought fixed property , a right of naturalized foreigners only, he was under the necessity of notifying the authorities in each town to inform such purchasers that the transactions were invalid and they themselves subject to be expelled whenever the

2821:

The search party captured four Californians near San Antonio and also found a corral of horses at Olompali, near the mouth of the Petaluma River, which they assumed belonged to Padilla's group. When they approached the ranchhouse, they discovered about 50 uniformed Californio lancers, in addition to

2659:

Among the settlers, William Knight visited William Ide to report the rumor that "armed Spaniards on horseback" had been seen in the valley. The two rode to Frémont's camp north of New Helvetia. Another report to Frémont said that Lt. Francisco Arce, militia officer Jose Maria Alviso, and eight armed

1774:

Having learned of Ford's request for volunteers to defend Sonoma and hearing reports that General Castro was preparing an attack, Frémont left his camp near Sutter's Fort for Sonoma on June 23. With him were ninety men – his own party plus trappers and settlers under Samuel J. Hensley. Frémont would

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telling of the events in Sonoma and describing themselves as "fellow country men". Todd, having been instructed not to repeat any of the requests in the letter (refers to their need for gunpowder), disregarded that and voiced the request for gunpowder. Captain Montgomery, while sympathetic, declined

1447:

Before dawn on Sunday, June 14, 1846, over 30 American insurgents arrived at the pueblo of Sonoma. They had traveled overnight from Napa Valley. A majority of their number had started a couple of days earlier from Fremont's camp in the Sacramento valley but others had joined the group along the way.

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Historian George Tays has cautioned "The description of the men, their actions just prior and subsequent to the taking of Sonoma, are as varied as the number of authors. No two accounts agree, and it is impossible to determine the truth of their statements." Historian H. H. Bancroft has written that

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General Castro, on the other side of San Francisco Bay, sent a boat across to Point San Pablo with a message for de la Torre. Kit Carson, Granville Swift and Sam Neal rode to the beach to intercept the three unarmed men who came ashore. Two 20-year-old twin brothers and the father of Jose Berryessa

1388:. It had been reported amongst the emigrants that the officer in charge of the herd had made statements threatening that the horses would be used by Castro to drive the foreigners out of California. The captured horses were taken to Frémont's new camp at the junction of the Feather and Bear rivers. 930:

José Castro met with representatives of the 1845 American immigrants at Sonoma and Sutter's Fort. In his decree dated November 6 he wrote: "Therefore conciliating my duty with of the sentiment of hospitality which distinguishes the Mexicans, and considering that most of said expedition is composed

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who had entered without official permission rebelled against the Mexican department's government. Among their grievances were that they had not been allowed to buy or rent land and had been threatened with expulsion. Mexican officials had been concerned about a coming war with the United States and

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34 armed men (none was from Frémont's party) rode from the Buttes to seize the town of Sonoma, force the surrender of Colonel Vallejo, and thus forestall Castro's plan to harry the settlers and force them to leave Mexico. The Osos knew that Sonoma had had no garrison for a year and no finances for

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He also solemnly declares his object to be First, to defend himself and companions in arms who were invited to this country by a promise of Lands on which to settle themselves and families who were also promised a "republican government," who, when having arrived in California were denied even the

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A landing party demanded the surrender of Monterey. An artillery officer in charge refused. Sloat then landed 225 sailors and marines on the beach. Within minutes the American flag was hoisted, the American ships' cannons added a 21-gun salute, and Sloat read his proclamation of the annexation of

2035:. John E. wrote to his mother later in July that "Cuffy came down growling". The following November, John and his older brother disappeared while traveling to Sacramento and were presumed deceased. Commander Montgomery kept the Bear Flag, had a copy made, and eventually both were delivered to the 1790:

On Sunday the 28th a small boat was spotted coming across the bay. Kit Carson and some companions went to intercept it. It held twin brothers Francisco and Ramón de Haro, their uncle José de la Reyes Berreyesa, and an oarsman (probably one of the Castro brothers from San Pablo) – all unarmed. The

1635:

Frémont's "field-lieutenant" Merritt returned to Sacramento (known as New Helvetia at the time, so named by the Swiss John Sutter) on June 16 with his prisoners and recounted the events in Sonoma. Frémont either was fearful of going against the popular sentiment at Sonoma or saw the advantages of

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Mexican citizens. Obtaining Mexican citizenship was not difficult and many earlier American immigrants had gone through the process and obtained free grants of land. That same year (1845) anticipation of war with the United States and the increasing number of immigrants reportedly coming from the

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Sloat ordered the release of Vallejo and the other prisoners at Sutter's Fort. Sloat turned command over to Stockton and left for home. Stockton issued a proclamation annexing California to the U.S. General Castro in Santa Clara subsequently began to move south to Los Angeles with about 100 men.

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The next day Frémont, leaving the fifty men of Company B at the Barracks to defend Sonoma, left with the rest of the Battalion for Sutter's Fort. They took with them two of the captured Mexican field pieces, as well as muskets, a supply of ammunition, blankets, horses, and cattle. The seven-ton

1799:

Late the same afternoon as the killings, a scouting party intercepted a letter indicating that Torre intended to attack Sonoma the following morning. Frémont felt there was no choice but to return to defend Sonoma as quickly as possible. The garrison there had found a similar letter and had all

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Frémont's thoughts (as related in his book, written forty years later) after reading the message and letters were: "I saw the way opening clear before me. War with Mexico was inevitable; and a grand opportunity presented itself to realize in their fullest extent the far-sighted views of Senator

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After both parties failed to return, a 5-man group obtained powder and also learned from a captured Californian that Cowie and Fowler were tortured and murdered by a patrol of California "irregulars" near Santa Rosa, led by Juan Padilla, and that Todd and his companion had been taken prisoner.

2706:

The Osos entered Sonoma at dawn, rode to Vallejo's Casa Grande and knocked on the door. Vallejo served the Oso leaders food and brandy during a 3 hour period in which surrender documents were drafted, with provisions for the Americans to respect the townspeople and their property. Several Osos

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Decrees issued by the central government in Mexico City were often acknowledged and supported with proclamations but ignored in practice. By the end of 1845, when rumors of a military force being sent from Mexico proved to be false, rulings by the other district government were mostly ignored.

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Ide's rebels numbered nearly 300. Frémont, Ide and their officers met to discuss strategy. Frémont announced that a disciplined army was to be formed, which he volunteered to command, by combining his and the Osos' forces. In order to march south, engage Castro and any other Californians, the

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He also solemnly declares his object in the Second place to be to invite all peaceable and good Citizens of California who are friendly to the maintenance of good order and equal rights (and I do hereby invite them to repair to my camp at Sonoma without delay) to assist us in establishing and

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On July 5, Frémont called a public meeting and proposed to the Bears that they unite with his party and form a single military unit. He said that he would accept command if they would pledge obedience, proceed honorably, and not violate the chastity of women. A compact was drawn up which all

1729:

Ford writes, in his biography, that before leaving Sonoma to search for the other two captives and Padilla's men, he sent a note to Ezekiel Merritt in Sacramento asking him to gather volunteers to help defend Sonoma. Ide's version is that Ford wrote to Frémont saying that the Bears had lost

1548:

During the night of June 14–15, 1846 (below), William B. Ide wrote a proclamation announcing and explaining the reasons for the revolt. There were additional copies and some more moderate versions (produced in both English and Spanish) distributed around northern California through June 18.

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President James K. Polk met with Lt. Archibald Gillespie to send him on a secret mission to California. He departed for Vera Cruz, Mexico, on November 16 carrying orders for Commodore John D. Sloat, commander of the Navy's Pacific Squadron, instructions for Larkin, and letters for Frémont.

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The design and creation of the original Bear Flag used in the Bear Flag Revolt is often credited to Peter Storm. The flags were made about one week before the storming of Sonoma, when William Todd and his companions claim to have made theirs, apparently based on Mr. Storm's first flags.

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Frémont's party reached Rancho Bosquejo on Deer Creek, 200 miles north of Sutter's Fort. His tentative plan was to map a route from the western slope of the Cascades across the Great Basin to link with the Oregon Trail. (Historians have suggested this was a calculated delaying tactic.)

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The war against Mexico had already been declared by the United States Congress on May 13, 1846. Because of the slow cross-continent communication of the time, no one in California knew that conclusively. (Official notice of the war finally reached California on August 12, 1846.)

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was anchored at Sausalito. Lt. Gillespie was sent to request supplies (8000 percussion caps, 300 pounds of rifle lead, one keg of powder and food provisions) from Montgomery and to continue on to Monterey to inform Larkin that the expedition would be heading back to St. Louis.

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The Commander in Chief of the Troops assembled at the Fortress of Sonoma gives his inviolable pledge to all persons in California not found under arms that they shall not be disturbed in their persons, their property or social relations one to another by men under his command.

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He further declares that he relies upon the rectitude of our intentions; the favor of Heaven and the bravery of those who are bound to and associated with him, by the principle of self preservation; by the love of truth; and by the hatred of tyranny for his hopes of success.

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reached Kern; Sutter's Fort had been their unreached destination. Kern vaguely promised the federal government would do something for a rescue party across the Sierra, but had no authority to pay anyone. He was later criticized for his mismanagement delaying the search.

1501:

At that time, Vallejo and his three associates were placed on horseback and taken to Frémont accompanied by eight or nine of the insurgents who did not favor forming a new republic under the circumstances. That night they camped at the Vaca Rancho. Some young Californio

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of families and industrious people, I have deemed it best to permit them, provisionally, to remain in the department" with the conditions that they obey all laws, apply within three months for a license to settle, and promise to depart if that license was not granted.

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perpetuating a "Republican Government" which shall secure to all: civil and religious liberty; which shall detect and punish crime; which shall encourage industry, virtue and literature; which shall leave unshackled by Fetters, Commerce, Agriculture, and Mechanism.

1807:

where a council of war was held on June 30. It was decided that the current plan must be abandoned and any new approach would require the cooperation of Pio Pico and his southern forces. A messenger was sent to the Governor. Meanwhile, the army moved southwards to

2236:

General José Castro, the senior military officer in California, issued a decree ordering all American immigrants in Alta California (about 800) to proceed to Sonoma to swear an oath to Mexico and get a license to settle. 20 Americans later showed up at Sonoma.

1749:

The deaths of Cowie and Fowler, as well as the lethal battle, raised the anxiety of both the Californios, who left the area for safety, and the immigrants, who moved into Sonoma to be under the protection of the muskets and cannon that had been taken from the

2472:

Mexican President Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga (who had deposed Herrera), having earlier sent a 5,000-man army northward to Texas, declared a "defensive war" against the United States. Also, the Mexican army arrived in Matamoros on the Rio Grande on April 24.

1572:

He further declares that he believes that a Government to be prosperous and happyfying in its tendency must originate with its people who are friendly to its existence. That its Citizens are its Guardians, its officers are its Servants, and its Glory their

2094:, William L. Todd (1818–1879) wrote an account of the Bear Flag used at the storming of Sonoma, perhaps the first to be raised. Soon after, his implementation became the basis for the first official State flag. Todd acknowledged the contributions of other 2688:

The Americans drove the herd north to the Buttes camp, gathering a dozen new volunteers. (Historian H. H. Bancroft later wrote that Frémont "instigated and planned" the horse raid, and incited the American settlers indirectly and "guardedly" to revolt.)

1686:. He issued two proclamations on June 17. The first asked the citizens of California to come to the aid of their country. The second promised protection for all foreigners not involved in the revolt. A group of 50–60 militia under command of Captain 2975:

At 8:00 a.m., Lt. Joseph Warren Revere, with 70 sailors and marines, landed at Yerba Buena, raised the American flag and claimed San Francisco Bay for the United States, and read Sloat's proclamation. No Mexican officials were in Yerba Buena.

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that made it illegal for an American to wage war against another country at peace with the United States. The next morning Gillespie and Frémont's group departed for California. Frémont returned to the Sacramento Valley and set up camp near

1603:

Todd was given a second assignment. He was sent to Bodega Bay with an unnamed companion (sometimes called 'the Englishman') to obtain powder from American settlers in that area. On June 18, Bears Thomas Cowie and George Fowler were sent to

2305:

John Slidell, appointed by Polk, arrived in Vera Cruz on a mission to negotiate a boundary agreement, and, if Mexico demonstrated a willingness to sell its departments of New Mexico and California, to offer up to $ 40 million for them.

3016:

Frémont's party, including the Bear Flaggers, rode into New Helvetia, where a letter from Sloat awaited, describing the capture of Monterey and ordering Frémont to bring at least 100 armed men to Monterey. Frémont would bring 160 men.

10418: 1933:, thought war had been declared and captured the capital of Alta California, only to discover his error and abandon it the next day. This resulted in diplomatic problems, and Jones was removed as commander of the Pacific Squadron. 2863:

Frémont's men intercepted a messenger with a letter advising Castro that de la Torre was about to attack Sonoma. Frémont and his forces immediately went there, only to find the Osos prepared to fire upon them as they approached.

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Prisoners and escorts arrived at Frémont's camp. Frémont denied responsibility for the raid. The escorts removed the prisoners to Sutter's Fort. Frémont began signing letters as "Military Commander of U.S. Forces in California."

1482:

Frémont. William Ide gave an impassioned speech urging the rebels to stay in Sonoma and start a new republic. Referring to the stolen horses Ide ended his oration with "Choose ye this day what you will be! We are robbers, or we

87: 3137:

Castro held a war council at La Mesa, expressed doubts about his forces, and wrote a farewell address to the people of California. Governor Pico read Castro's message to the legislature in Los Angeles, which then adjourned

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Castro and 20 men rode toward the Colorado River and reached the Mexican state of Sonora in September. Pico left to hide out in San Juan Capistrano for one month and eventually made his way to Baja California and Sonora.

2338:

After moving his camp to Santa Cruz, Frémont moved it again closer to Monterey on the Salinas River. Via courier, General Castro ordered Frémont to leave. Frémont then set up camp at Gavilan Peak, near San Juan Bautista.

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One of the four companies of the California Battalion remained in Sonoma, as the other three left with Frémont for the camp near Sutter's Fort, where they planned the campaign against Castro and the other Californios.

2634:

John Sutter, a Swiss who was a naturalized Mexican citizen, notified his immediate superior, General Castro, of Gillespie's true identity and urged Castro to send a respectable garrison north in the event of trouble.

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in Sonoma's plaza. There were also cannon salutes, the roasting of whole beeves, and the consumption of many foods and all manner of beverages. Frémont and the contingent from San Rafael arrived in time for the

1940:

and of his support for the Bears in Sonoma. He was also aware of Lt. Gillespie's tracking down of Frémont with letters and orders. Sloat finally concluded on July 6 that he needed to act, saying to U.S. Consul

2202:

John C. Frémont, leading a U.S. Army topographical expedition to survey the Great Basin in Alta California (approved earlier in the year by President Polk), departed from Bent's Fort in what is now Colorado.

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signed or made their marks. A majority of those present also agreed to officially date the era of independence not from the taking of Sonoma but from July 5 to allow Frémont to "begin at the beginning".

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transported Frémont and several others from Sausalito to Castillo de San Joaquin, an abandoned fort south of the entrance to San Francisco Bay, where they plugged the touch-holes of ten rusty cannons.

2481:

Troops under Zachary Taylor and Mexican General Mariano Arista skirmished north of the Rio Grande. 16 Americans were killed, after which Taylor communicated the events in a message sent to Washington.

1529:. Henry L. Ford was elected First Lieutenant of the company and obtained promises of obedience to orders. Samuel Kelsey was elected Second Lieutenant, Grandville P. Swift and Samuel Gibson Sergeants. 2039:. In 1855 the Secretary sent both flags to the Senators from California who donated them to the Society of Pioneers in San Francisco. The original Bear Flag was destroyed in the fires following the 10404: 2872:

Realizing he had been tricked, Frémont hurried back to San Rafael and Sausalito in pursuit of de la Torre and his men, who had escaped across the bay and joined Castro in a retreat to Santa Clara.

1521:(The Bears) and "Bear Flaggers" because of their flag and in derision of their often scruffy appearance. The rebels embraced the expression, and their uprising, which they originally called the 1506:

under Juan Padilla evaded the guards, aroused Vallejo and offered to help him escape. Vallejo declined, wanting to avoid any bloodshed and anticipating that Frémont would release him on parole.

11043: 2505:

Frémont met with Gillespie and received letters from wife Jessie, Senator Benton and Secretary of State James Buchanan, as well as Gillespie's memorized messages from Polk, Benton and Larkin.

821:

By 1845–46, Alta California had been largely neglected by Mexico for the twenty-five years since Mexican independence. It had evolved into a semi-autonomous region with open discussions among

2557:

The war secretary sent orders to Colonel Stephen Kearny at Fort Leavenworth, in what is now Kansas, to march west to conquer and occupy the Mexican departments of New Mexico and California.

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After reaching San Pablo, Torre reported that the combined rebel force was too strong to be attacked as planned. All three of Castro's divisions then returned to the old headquarters near

9540: 12255: 3257: 2249:, which carried orders that if Sloat learned "beyond a doubt" that war between the U.S. and Mexico had begun, he was to seize San Francisco Bay and blockade the other California ports. 2219:

Secretary of State James Buchanan dispatched a secret message to U.S. Consul Thomas Larkin in Monterey instructing him to take advantage of any sign of unrest among the Californians.

1538: 1922:

since July 1 or 2 to obtain convincing proof of war. Sloat was 65 years old and had requested to be relieved from his command the previous May. He was also acutely aware of the 1842

1730:

confidence in Ide's leadership. In either case, Ford then rode toward Santa Rosa with seventeen to nineteen Bears. Not finding Padilla, the Bears headed toward one of his homes near

5199: 1981:, and raised the flag of the United States. Sloat had his proclamation read in and posted in English and Spanish: "...henceforth California will be a portion of the United States". 1714:. Gibson obtained the powder and on the way back fought with several Californians and captured one of them. From the prisoner they learned that Cowie and Fowler had died. There are 2723:

The Oregon Territory convention was signed by England and the U.S., ending its joint occupation with England and making most Oregonians below the 49th parallel American citizens.

3340: 1843:(the future San Francisco) to arrest the naturalized Englishman Robert Ridley who was captain of the port. Ridley was sent to Sutter's Fort to be locked up with other prisoners. 1291: 12128: 2529:

While asleep in the early morning hours, the Frémont camp was attacked by Klamath Indians, killing three of Frémont's party. The Klamath chief was shot dead during the fight.

2984:

Later that day, Revere repeated this ceremony in Sonoma Plaza. The Bear Flag was lowered, and the American flag was raised in its place. The 25-day Bear Flag Republic ended.

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Two representatives of Castro arrived at Stockton's camp with a message expressing Castro's willingness to negotiate for peace. Stockton rejected the terms of the letter.

2322:

Frémont visited Thomas Larkin, the U.S. Consul in Monterey. Frémont also met Jose Castro, who agreed to let Frémont winter in the San Joaquin Valley, away from the coast.

1513:

became the headquarters for the remaining twenty-four rebels, who within a few days created their Bear Flag (see the "Bear Flag" section below). After the flag was raised

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Thomas Cowie and George Fowler were sent to Rancho Sotoyome (near modern-day Healdsburg) to pick up a cache of gunpowder from Moses Carson, brother of Frémont's scout.

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Some of the group who had been meeting with Frémont departed from his camp and, on June 10, 1846, captured a herd of 170 Mexican government-owned horses being moved by

825:

about whether California should remain with Mexico; seek independence; or become annexed to the United Kingdom, France, or the United States. In 1845, the widely hated

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Frémont's party, along with Gillespie and his escort, camped at the Buttes, 60 miles north of Sutter's Fort. While there, they killed several Indians near present-day

2497:

At Palo Alto on the Rio Grande in Texas, an artillery battle lasted from 2:30 p.m. to night fall. 5 Americans died, 43 wounded, and over 30 Mexicans were killed.

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Governor Pico issued a proclamation on the American invasion and a conscription order for Mexican citizens, which produced about 100 men to join with Castro's force.

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Stockton mustered Frémont's party and the former Bear Flaggers into military service as the "Naval Battalion of Mounted Volunteer Riflemen" with Frémont in command.

2764:

in Sausalito sent a small landing party to Sonoma. Ide, in his first act as commander-in-chief, reappointed Jose Berryessa alcalde, to continue as local magistrate.

2680:

Four men from Frémont's party and 10 volunteers rode out to intercept Arce, surprised him and seized the horse herd, thus initiating the open rebellion of the Osos.

2513:

At the Rio Grande, the U.S. and Mexican armies met at Reseca de la Palma. Arista's army was routed, leaving behind 400 wounded. 33 Americans died, 89 were wounded.

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arrived in Monterey to replace the 65-year-old Sloat in command of the Pacific Squadron. Sloat named Stockton commander-in-chief of all land forces in California.

2452:

In Monterey, Mexico issued a proclamation that unnaturalized foreigners were no longer permitted to hold or work land in California and were subject to expulsion.

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Vallejo's home and pounded on his door. After a few minutes Vallejo opened the door dressed in his Mexican Army uniform. Communication was not good until American

1415:. The insurgent group was nominally led by Ezekiel "Stuttering Zeke" Merritt, whom Frémont described as his "field-lieutenant" and lauded for not questioning him. 2618:

Sloat received trustworthy news of Taylor's battles of May 8–9. His orders required him to sail north upon learning "without a doubt" that war had been declared.

12535: 11415: 9120: 5608: 5603: 2023:, carrying two 27-star United States flags, one for Sonoma and the other for Sutter's Fort (the squadron had run out of new 28-star flags that reflected Texas' 19856: 13294: 12022: 11790: 11624: 11280: 7942: 7761: 5521: 14905: 19801: 12311: 11878: 11768: 8383: 13367: 11646: 5593: 2610:

With rumors swirling that General Castro was massing an army against them, American settlers in the Sacramento Valley banded together to meet the threat.

19841: 16075: 13914: 13455: 13289: 11683: 9975: 8106: 8096: 1754:. This increased the number in Sonoma to about two hundred. Some immigrant families were housed in the Barracks, others in the homes of the Californios. 5628: 5613: 19876: 19846: 14925: 13840: 12223: 12081: 7902: 7749: 5623: 5504: 5499: 4212: 16818: 16630: 15843: 11785: 11572: 10372: 9100: 8820: 2959:

Alta California to the United States. A messenger was sent to General Castro at San Juan Bautista requesting his surrender. No shots had been fired.

1475:

inside to speed the proceedings. The effect of Vallejo's hospitality in the form of wine and brandy for the negotiators and someone else's barrel of

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in case the government should wish to disavow his action. They arrived at Sonoma in the early morning of the 25th and by noon were on their way to

2925:

California Battalion, as it came to be called, combined Frémont's original exploring party and over 200 rebels, Sutter workers and local Indians.

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in order to bring to bear all the influence I could command." Nevertheless, Frémont needed to be circumspect. As a military officer he could face

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under their control. The rebels elected military officers but no civil structure was ever established. Their flag, featuring a silhouette of a

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Frémont and his band rode to Sutter's Fort, not yet aware of the raid's outcome, to receive the supplies that were requested from Montgomery.

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To all persons, citizens of Sonoma, requesting them to remain at peace, and to follow their rightful occupations without fear of molestation.

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Todd returned to Sonoma. He and a companion were then assigned to ride toward Bodega Bay to obtain arms and powder from American settlers.

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The United States Congress voted overwhelmingly to declare war on Mexico. Definitive word of the declaration reached California in August.

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Frémont, then camped at Upper Klamath Lake in Oregon Territory, learned that a military man (Gillespie) was riding north to intercept him.

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Zachary Taylor moved his army across the Nueces River in Texas, which Mexico considered as the southern border of its department of Texas.

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to defend against the expected Mexican attack. William Todd was dispatched on Monday the fifteenth, with a letter to be delivered to the

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An ill and much thinner Vallejo was released from Sutter's Fort. While in confinement, 1000 of his cattle and 600 horses were stolen.

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and instructions to share the message with Frémont. Gillespie also brought a packet of letters from Frémont's wife and father-in-law.

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50 to 60 men under Captain Joaquin de la Torre traveled to San Pablo and crossed the San Francisco Bay by boat to Point San Quentin.

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Stockton penned a return message to Castro, who also rejected its terms, including that California cease to be part of Mexico.

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Believing that war with Mexico was a virtual certainty, Frémont joined the Sacramento Valley rebels in a "silent partnership."

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Frémont, Ford and a detachment of Osos rode south to San Rafael, but were unable to locate de la Torre and his Californios.

2383:, John B. Montgomery commanding. Montgomery was tasked to distribute copies of the U.S. and Texas constitutions in Spanish. 1710:

On June 20 when the procurement parties failed to return as expected, Lieutenant Ford sent Sergeant Gibson with four men to

963: 878:. Pico and Castro disliked each other personally and soon began escalating disputes over control of the Customhouse income. 19851: 18741: 17048: 16040: 16005: 15708: 15703: 15071: 14477: 14120: 13573: 13450: 13347: 13284: 13274: 13157: 12948: 12911: 12840: 12672: 12637: 12188: 11918: 11651: 11422: 11373: 11346: 11270: 11229: 10296: 9169: 8899: 7640: 6553: 6485: 6355: 6265: 6170: 6155: 6047: 6017: 6007: 6002: 5992: 5987: 5977: 5972: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5867: 5847: 5837: 5797: 5777: 5762: 5757: 5568: 2371:

After receiving a message from Larkin not to oppose Castro, Frémont's band left Gavilan Peak and headed for Sutter's Fort.

2106:. Todd painted the flag on domestic cotton cloth, roughly a yard and a half in length. It featured a red star based on the 2008:

Two days later, July 9, the Bear Flag Revolt and whatever remained of the "California Republic" ended when Navy Lieutenant

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Mexico's Department of Alta California, of which a small area north of San Francisco was controlled by the Bear Flag rebels

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Frémont "instigated and planned" the horse raid, and incited the American settlers indirectly and "guardedly" to revolt.

898:

was elected President of the United States in 1844, and considered his election a mandate for his expansionist policies.

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Jose Castro again visited Mariano Vallejo in Sonoma and collected horses and supplies for his men from Vallejo's ranch.

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A 62-man exploring and mapping expedition entered California in late 1845 under the command of U.S. Army Brevet Captain

829:, the latest governor to be sent by Mexico, was forcefully ejected by the Californians. His forces were defeated at the 18756: 18477: 18186: 16371: 16280: 15988: 15537: 14854: 14790: 14512: 14492: 13967: 13699: 13662: 13379: 13320: 13205: 13200: 13137: 12899: 12860: 12820: 12667: 12620: 12600: 12213: 11840: 11835: 11740: 11688: 11217: 10972: 10831: 10762: 10737: 10722: 10707: 9753: 9327: 8841: 8328: 8091: 7952: 7884: 7824: 7618: 7121: 7111: 7027: 6515: 6475: 6340: 6300: 6290: 6275: 6120: 6095: 6037: 6032: 5887: 5877: 5832: 5822: 5817: 5734: 5704: 5531: 5365: 5120: 3203: 602: 574: 15902: 15006: 19131: 18725: 18626: 16888: 16202: 16090: 16030: 15603: 15512: 14910: 14454: 14007: 13637: 13421: 13401: 13352: 13342: 13210: 13132: 13109: 13069: 12933: 12923: 12800: 12775: 12682: 12662: 12140: 11930: 11656: 11038: 10717: 10712: 10697: 9733: 9252: 8987: 7990: 7980: 7516: 7153: 6990: 6573: 6465: 6440: 6395: 6390: 6320: 6180: 6085: 6080: 5481: 3447: 3413: 685: 516: 364: 10562: 1671:

Word of the taking of the government horses, the capture of Sonoma, and the imprisonment of the Mexican officers at

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At his camp, Frémont received a message from Montgomery on the U.S. Navy's occupation of Monterey and Yerba Buena.

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William Ide proclaimed his "Bear Flag Manifesto". Within a week, over 70 more American volunteers joined the Osos.

2061:

The most notable legacy of the "California Republic" was the adoption of its flag as the basis of the modern state

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officers as hostages. He also decided to imprison Governor Vallejo's brother-in-law, the American Jacob Leese, in

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President Polk signed legislation admitting Texas to the Union. Mexico refused to recognize the U.S. annexation.

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Stockton sent a report to Secretary of State Bancroft that "California is entirely free from Mexican dominion."

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Alarmed by Frémont's transgression at Gavilan Peak, General Jose Castro called a military council in Monterey.

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Frémont met up with the other 45 men in his party and traveled north to the vicinity of the San Jose Mission.

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versions of what had happened. Ford also learned that William Todd and his companion had been captured by the

19866: 19126: 19121: 19078: 18808: 18391: 17003: 16502: 16407: 16162: 16010: 15875: 15853: 15808: 15750: 15728: 15542: 15314: 14996: 14785: 14770: 13855: 13719: 13672: 13195: 13059: 12975: 12906: 12877: 12815: 12705: 12677: 12321: 11693: 11586: 10824: 10691: 10685: 9803: 9773: 9728: 9723: 9507: 9337: 9179: 9029: 8675: 8284: 8269: 8204: 8194: 8165: 8155: 7693: 6500: 6495: 6460: 6435: 6420: 6385: 6365: 6315: 6260: 6225: 6215: 6145: 6130: 6075: 5691: 4240:"A Note from the Painter of the Original Bear Flag," Los Angeles Herald, Volume 9, Number 41, 13 January 1878 3240: 2040: 1809: 1762: 1423: 1197: 808: 273: 259: 174: 15104: 18720: 18690: 18556: 18424: 18114: 16958: 16710: 16608: 16512: 16492: 16312: 16295: 16192: 15745: 15713: 15244: 15109: 14545: 13925: 13734: 13530: 13490: 13483: 13416: 13279: 13162: 13084: 13074: 12928: 12889: 12845: 12805: 12762: 12710: 12642: 12615: 12575: 12553: 12362: 12176: 12123: 12056: 11913: 11869: 11797: 11718: 11636: 11447: 11311: 11140: 11048: 10856: 10286: 9758: 9738: 9718: 9668: 9598: 9593: 9578: 9525: 9222: 9159: 9061: 8274: 8248: 8234: 8209: 8199: 8150: 8066: 7673: 7183: 6957: 6851: 6636: 6562: 6480: 6445: 6360: 5714: 4208: 1787:

but the Californios had vanished. The rebels set up camp in the old mission and sent out scouting parties.

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Led by Henry Ford, about 20 Osos rode toward Santa Rosa to search for the two captives and Padilla's men.

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on April 22, 1846. After receiving information about Frémont's returning to California, Consul Larkin and

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Two additional divisions of General Castro's troops with a total of about 100 men arrived at San Pablo.

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say in his memoirs that he wrote a letter of resignation from the Army and sent it to his father-in-law

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Larkin sent a message to Sloat at Mazatlán asking one of his ships to come to Monterey. Sloat sent the

2355:

General Castro assembled a cavalry force of nearly 200 men to confront Frémont near San Juan Bautista.

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The two parts of Frémont's split party had a rendezvous at Walker Lake, northeast of Yosemite Valley.

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Stockton ordered Frémont and his battalion to San Diego to prepare to move northward to Los Angeles.

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on the 23rd. Two additional divisions with a total of about 100 men arrived at San Pablo on June 27.

1655:

the assignment as lieutenant of the dragoons at $ 50 a month, and second in command of his own fort.

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In Monterey, Larkin met with Lt. Gillespie, who had finally arrived in Monterey via Honolulu on the

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Three weeks later, on July 5, 1846, the Republic's military of 100 to 200 men was subsumed into the

712:

the growing influx of Americans into California. The rebellion was covertly encouraged by U.S. Army

30:

This article is about the 19th-century unrecognized nation. For the modern state of California, see

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Sloat received a message from Montgomery reporting the events in Sonoma and Frémont's involvement.

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Tays, George (September 1937). "Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo and Sonoma, a Biography and a History".

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Splitting up once more, Frémont and 16 others (including scout Kit Carson) reached Sutter's Fort.

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and unexpectedly discovered what they assumed was Juan Padilla's group near the Indian rancho of

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and what remained of the California Republic ceased to exist on July 9 when U.S. Navy Lieutenant

740: 37:"California Secession" redirects here. For movements since the U.S. statehood of California, see 16055: 14760: 6696: 4533:. University of Missouri at Columbia: Western Historical Manuscripts Collection. pp. 55–57. 2573:

Commander Sloat in Mazatlan received detailed news of Taylor's army fighting at the Rio Grande.

1945:, "I shall be blamed for doing too little or too much – I prefer the latter." Early July 7, the 890:

The relationship between the United States and Mexico had been deteriorating for some time. The

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Believing Frémont to be acting on orders from Washington, Sloat began to carry out his orders.

2743:

to notify Montgomery of the events in Sonoma. Todd also requested gunpowder, which was denied.

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General Castro visited Colonel Mariano Vallejo, commandante of the Mexican garrison in Sonoma.

2111: 1898:

was used for transporting the cannon, arms, ammunition and saddles from Napa to Sutter's Fort.

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was one of two rebel strongholds, having been seized from John Sutter by John Frémont (c. 1849)

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Stockton issued a proclamation announcing that California was now part of the United States.

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The Frémont party attacked a Klamath village, killing 14 Indians and burning the lodges (see

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On its way south, the Frémont expedition reached Peter Lassen's ranch and learned that the

1978: 1886: 1739: 1731: 1651:, was placed in command of Sutter's Fort and its company of dragoons by Frémont. That left 1126: 1030: 871: 838: 792: 751: 526: 394: 16105: 15339: 15129: 15051: 8: 19674: 19575: 19570: 19532: 19522: 19459: 19449: 19444: 19386: 19368: 19363: 19325: 19305: 19285: 19235: 19220: 19174: 19068: 19035: 19017: 18929: 18828: 18761: 18654: 18596: 18546: 18028: 17821: 17639: 16978: 16913: 16883: 16858: 16700: 16690: 16573: 16479: 16359: 16307: 16130: 16110: 15882: 15638: 15623: 15507: 15487: 15440: 15420: 15224: 15219: 15164: 15134: 14900: 14525: 14482: 14439: 14368: 14337: 14108: 14087: 14053: 13959: 13929: 13860: 13704: 13677: 13577: 13044: 12960: 12770: 12486: 12171: 11802: 10999: 10702: 10625: 10605: 10502: 10470: 10385: 9908: 9898: 9520: 9515: 9477: 9392: 9342: 9164: 9034: 8977: 8950: 8885: 8670: 8620: 8575: 8565: 8550: 8540: 8525: 8505: 8480: 8470: 8460: 8214: 8034: 8024: 7466: 7215: 6908: 6826: 6821: 6771: 6671: 6539: 5509: 2908:

The Bear Flaggers, including Frémont and his men, celebrated Independence Day in Sonoma.

2429: 2103: 2043:. A replica, created in 1896 for the 50th Anniversary celebrations, is on display at the 1949: 1923: 1624: 826: 704: 18216: 15628: 15329: 5433: 5337: 4546:

An American Genocide: The United States and the California Indian Catastrophe, 1846–1873

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Frémont arrived at Sutter's Fort to ready a further expedition to the Oregon Territory.

1835:. They landed without resistance and spiked the ten old, abandoned cannon. The next day 1820:

On July 1, Frémont and twelve men convinced Captain William Phelps to ferry them in the

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After learning of Cowie, Fowler and Ford's patrol, Frémont and his men rode to Sonoma.

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Mexican president José Herrera rejected all points of Slidell's proposed negotiation.

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accompanied by a contingent of Bears under Ford's command. They arrived at the former

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men were near Sutter's Fort, driving a herd of 170 horses, destined for Santa Clara.

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General Castro and Pio Pico, governor of Alta California, condemned the takeover.

1049:

Benton. I resolved to move forward on the opportunity and return forthwith to the

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Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)

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where General Castro was, on July 6, when he learned of the events in Monterey.

1612:) to pick up a cache of gunpowder from Moses Carson, brother of Frémont's scout 1467:

joined the negotiations. The insurgents waiting outside sent elected "captains"

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leaders into his home to negotiate terms. Two other Californio officers and

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Frémont and his smaller group crossed the San Joaquin Valley to Monterey.

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John Marsh, Pioneer: The Life Story of a Trail-Blazer on Six Frontiers,

2651:

Sloat received news that an American squadron had blockaded Vera Cruz.

1876:

held in Salvador Vallejo's big adobe on the corner of the town square.

1723: 1715: 1613: 1514: 1432: 1403:. Capturing both the arms and military materiel stored in the unmanned 1372: 1103:, concerned about the increasing possibility of war, sent a request to 1041:

who had been sent from Washington with a secret message to U.S. Consul

822: 728: 697: 31: 8877: 7417: 4967:. University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations. pp. 44–46. 3239:"Department" was a territorial and administrative designation used by 3052:

Frémont's party entered Monterey. Frémont met with Sloat on board the

1734:. The following morning the Bears captured three or four men near the 19502: 19253: 19164: 19002: 18621: 18459: 18236: 18206: 18181: 18079: 18043: 17750: 17634: 17543: 17513: 17508: 17488: 17328: 17293: 15973: 14560: 14317: 14217: 13992: 13894: 13828: 13039: 13032: 10447: 10229: 10194: 10099: 10074: 9868: 7247: 6866: 6716: 2163: 2147: 1997: 1936:

Sloat had learned of Frémont's confrontation with the Californios on

1589: 349: 17084: 5180:

California Conquered: The Annexation of a Mexican Province 1846–1850

3097:

A garrison of Stockton's men raised the U.S. flag at Santa Barbara.

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Thomas O. Larkin: A Life of Patriotism and Profit in Old California

2265:

Lt. Archibald Gillespie departed Washington for Vera Cruz, Mexico.

1901: 1873: 1851: 1588:

A major problem for the Bears in Sonoma was the lack of sufficient

842: 15917: 1227: 874:, the traditional capital and, significantly, the location of the 688:, that for 25 days in 1846 militarily controlled an area north of 19684: 18781: 17478: 17438: 17393: 17388: 17358: 17318: 17248: 17218: 17193: 17148: 17143: 15892: 15863: 14373: 14358: 13515: 10234: 10209: 10114: 10054: 10029: 9999: 9989: 9192: 5428: 2399:

Zachary Taylor's force arrived at the Rio Grande near Matamoros.

2127: 1946: 851:

The Town of Our Lady the Queen of Angels of the Porciúncula River

2079:, site of the raising of the original Bear Flag, is marked by a 19030: 17493: 17378: 17288: 17263: 17258: 17183: 17138: 15948: 14829: 14383: 14378: 14155: 10169: 10124: 10064: 10039: 9994: 5335: 4293:. Sacramento: State of California, Military Department. 2002. 1025:. Early in 1846 Frémont acted provocatively with California's 18850: 18251: 17383: 17343: 17238: 17188: 15870: 14144: 13808: 10199: 10079: 10044: 5434:

Modern representation of the flag as designed by William Todd

5377:

The Men of the California Bear Flag Revolt and Their Heritage

3395:

pp. 258–62, The Chautauqua Press, Chautauqua, New York, 1931.

2565:

General Taylor's army entered Mexico and occupied Matamoros.

2122:(standing), as opposed to the original flag, which showed it 2069:, and a red stripe with the words "California Republic". The 1497:

and proclamation of the California Republic on June 14, 1846.

727:

The name "California Republic" appeared only on the flag the

9967: 3089:

The battalion landed and raised the U.S. flag in San Diego.

17223: 14213: 14128: 10271: 10204: 10159: 10059: 3874:

Desperate Passage: The Donner Party's Perilous Journey West

2521:

President Polk received General Taylor's April 25 message.

1647:

Frémont's artist and cartographer on his third expedition,

14106: 3429:

pp 66–69, The Parthenon Press, Nashville, Tennessee, 1962.

1114:, for a warship to protect U.S. citizens and interests in 1069: 720:, and added to the troubles of the recent outbreak of the 4965:"The history of Sutter & of Sutter's Fort, 1839–1931" 1879: 1726:

irregulars led by Juan Padilla and José Ramón Carrillo.

1004:

commanded the Mexican military forces in Alta California

5144:"Captain John Charles Fremont and the Bear Flag Revolt" 3442:

pp 66–68, Word Dancer Press, Clovis, California, 1999.

3297: 3295: 1544:

served as the only Commander of the California Republic

1376:

soldiers from San Rafael and Sonoma to the Californian

3844:. The California State Military Museum. Archived from 2900:

Several Osos occupied Yerba Buena without resistance.

2281:

The Frémont expedition entered the Sacramento Valley.

2178:

Modern flag of the State of California, for comparison

2110:

that was flown during California's 1836 revolt led by

1456:(Vallejo's brother-in-law) was summoned to translate. 13861:

Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France

3948: 3946: 3944: 3904:"Xmission.com: The Donner Party: Rescuers and Others" 3036:

Frémont raised the U.S. flag over San Juan Bautista.

777: 4209:"Bear Flag Museum, "Peter Storm and His Bear Flag."" 3292: 3185: 2245:

Sloat, then off Mazatlan, Mexico, was joined by the

2118:. The flag also featured an image of a grizzly bear 1846: 1815: 1247:

Independence for American settlers from Mexican rule

845:

to the governorship. Pico ruled the region south of

19807:

Former regions and territories of the United States

3408:pp 68–72, Berkley Books, New York, New York, 1982. 1757: 1578:

William B. Ide, Head Quarters Sonoma, June 15, 1846

1187:

1860 romanticized depiction of the Bear Flag Revolt

837:) as a result of the actions of California pioneer 5356:Bear Flag Rising: The Conquest of California, 1846 5353: 5177: 3960: 3958: 3941: 3929:Xmission.com: The Donner Party: First Relief Diary 3871: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5062: 5060: 5058: 5056: 5054: 4990: 4988: 4986: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4908: 4906: 4878: 4876: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4734: 4724: 4722: 4673: 4671: 4652: 4650: 4604: 4602: 4600: 3639: 3637: 2541:). The expedition turned back toward California. 754:commanded by Brevet Captain John C. Frémont. The 19783: 12251:Native American recognition in the United States 6561: 5336:Texas State Historical Society (June 15, 2010). 4962: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4387: 4385: 4383: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3678: 3676: 2031:, John Elliott Montgomery, the son of Commander 1902:U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps capture Monterey 1037:. He was followed into Oregon by U.S. Marine Lt 1033:and then moved his group out of California into 1012: 14405: 5223:Rice, Richard B.; et al. (2001). "Ch. 7". 4465: 4463: 4408: 4406: 4319: 4317: 4315: 3955: 3485: 3483: 3369: 3367: 3318: 3316: 3215:Republic of Lower California/Republic of Sonora 3159:Stockton's army entered Los Angeles unopposed. 901:Mexican law had long allowed grants of land to 782: 5087: 5051: 4983: 4942: 4903: 4873: 4731: 4719: 4668: 4647: 4597: 3753: 3751: 3634: 1365: 1148:and his meeting with Frémont on June 7, found 885: 27:Unrecognized breakaway state from Mexico, 1846 19857:States and territories disestablished in 1846 17100: 16819: 15933: 14050:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon) 13531: 12648:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States 10832: 10412: 9953: 8893: 6832:Drafting and ratification of the Constitution 6547: 5454: 5225:The Elusive Eden: A New History of California 4481: 4380: 4278: 3832: 3830: 3782: 3673: 2130:(rearing up). The modern flag shows the bear 1839:led ten Bears in the launch to the pueblo of 1794: 1354: 841:. This resulted in the return of Californian 735:. It indicated their aspiration of forming a 642: 19802:Former territorial entities in North America 16833: 13725:Independence of Spanish continental Americas 7756:Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization 5235:California Under Spain and Mexico: 1535–1847 5142:CSMM, The California State Military Museum. 5131:. San Francisco: History Publishing Company. 4528: 4460: 4403: 4312: 4180: 3869: 3480: 3364: 3313: 3000:The American flag flew above Sutter's Fort. 2428:of several hundred Indians near present-day 2211:Frémont's expedition reached the Salt Lake. 2102:, Peter Storm, and Henry L. Ford in an 1878 1766:General Vallejo reviewing his troops in the 1658:While in command there news of the stranded 16470:North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 5166: 3748: 2090:In 1878, at the request of the Los Angeles 1984: 1411:would delay any military response from the 861:was under the control of Alta California's 817:The Californias § Department of Mexico 19842:States and territories established in 1846 17107: 17093: 16826: 16812: 15940: 15926: 13538: 13524: 10846: 10839: 10825: 10419: 10405: 9960: 9946: 8900: 8886: 6554: 6540: 5461: 5447: 5389:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5294:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5271:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5248:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4287:Flags over California, A History and Guide 3838:"Historic California Posts, Sutter's Fort" 3827: 1181: 649: 635: 86: 19877:History of the Southwestern United States 19847:1846 disestablishments in Alta California 15844:Colonial universities in Hispanic America 12261:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes 7280:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 5468: 3865: 3863: 3113:Stockton's 360 men arrived in San Pedro. 3008:The American flag flew above Bodega Bay. 1869:United States Declaration of Independence 857:. The area to the north of the pueblo of 15849:Colonial universities in the Philippines 9968:Political divisions of the United States 5423:The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine 5167:Hague, Harlan; Langum, David J. (1990). 5136:History of California, VOL. V. 1846–1848 5126: 4548:. Yale University Press. pp. 42–66. 3440:From Mud-Flat Cove to Gold to Statehood, 2194:Events surrounding the Bear Flag Revolt 1988: 1850: 1761: 1623: 1536: 1488: 1435:statesman and general, made his base in 1422: 1144:Lt. Gillespie, having returned from the 1077: 14840:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia 12312:List of counties and county equivalents 8907: 7435:Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. 5325:California Historical Society Quarterly 5310:. California Dept. Parks and Recreation 5231: 5157: 4686: 4189:from the original on September 20, 2019 3142:. Pico penned an open farewell letter. 1448:Meeting no resistance, they approached 1391:These men next determined to seize the 770:and sent a second flag to be raised at 14: 19837:1846 establishments in Alta California 19784: 15793: 5374: 5351: 5279: 5256: 5202:A Sketch of the Life of William B. Ide 5175: 4543: 4215:from the original on December 25, 2015 3860: 1141:. She sailed from Monterey on June 1. 1137:decided the ship should move into the 19797:Former countries of the United States 18870: 18686:Bibliography of the American frontier 17114: 17088: 16807: 15921: 15792: 15688: 15687: 14811: 14689: 14404: 14263: 14231: 14168: 14105: 14020: 13943: 13883: 13797: 13786: 13558: 13557: 13519: 10820: 10680:The Great Republic of Rough and Ready 10400: 9941: 8881: 8363: 8125: 7787: 6591: 6535: 5442: 5419:Frémont in the Conquest of California 4266:from the original on January 13, 2021 3595:from the original on October 10, 2017 2183: 2150:, by Peter Storm photographed c. 1870 1880:Formation of the California Battalion 1705: 1583: 1532: 39:Partition and secession in California 19822:History of Sonoma County, California 18742:Cuisine of the Western United States 14121:Captaincy General of the Philippines 13613:New Laws in favour of the indigenous 5322: 5222: 5160:Memoirs of My Life and Times, Vol. 1 4693:. Chicago: Belford, Clark. pp. 3910:from the original on October 4, 2011 1863:A great celebration was held on the 1666: 1418: 922:government might find it convenient. 833:(also known as the Second Battle of 46:California Republic (disambiguation) 19832:Pre-statehood history of California 15947: 15824:Indochristian painting in New Spain 13944: 10448:Kingdoms and Provinces of New Spain 4971:from the original on August 4, 2022 3878:. Oxford University Press. p. 3211:, member of the Bear Flag Rebellion 2916:Sloat met with Larkin in Monterey. 2668:Sloat set sail for Monterey on the 1859:commemorating its capture by rebels 1163: 1160:to a location near Frémont's camp. 926:During November 1845, California's 24: 18478:Confederate Gulch and Diamond City 14791:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires 14264: 13545: 9373:Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta 7122:Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act 7112:Assassination of James A. Garfield 5303:SSHP, Sonoma State Historic Park. 5184:. University of California Press. 5121:Bibliography of California history 4300:from the original on June 13, 2011 3343:from the original on July 24, 2018 3204:Bibliography of California history 2855:were then murdered in cold blood. 1694:and, by boat, westward across the 778:Background of the Bear Flag Revolt 603:Bibliography of California history 25: 19888: 19812:Former republics in North America 18726:Timeline of the American Old West 16091:Institutional Revolutionary Party 14021: 13884: 13765:Independence of Equatorial Guinea 11657:Director of National Intelligence 7154:Assassination of William McKinley 5510:Genocide of indigenous population 5398: 3427:Dr. John Marsh, Wilderness Scout, 3260:from the original on May 25, 2017 2967:Castro answered in the negative. 1847:Independence Day, 1846, in Sonoma 1816:Actions in and around Yerba Buena 1327:Ezekiel "Stuttering Zeke" Merritt 19734: 19733: 16949:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 15876:Criollos in the colonial society 15804:Spanish missions in the Americas 14926:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval 11813:Government Accountability Office 10801: 10800: 10781:Provisional Government of Hawaii 10662:Provisional Government of Oregon 10581:Provisional Government of Mexico 9921: 9531:Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario 8861: 8852: 8851: 8816: 8815: 7373:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 7166:Nadir of American race relations 7045:Assassination of Abraham Lincoln 5554:Interim government of California 5425:, vol. XLI, no. 4, February 1891 5302: 5141: 5101: 5078: 5069: 5042: 5033: 5024: 5015: 5006: 4997: 4956: 4933: 4924: 4915: 4894: 4885: 4864: 4855: 4846: 4837: 4828: 4819: 4810: 4801: 4792: 4783: 4774: 4765: 4756: 4747: 4710: 4701: 4680: 4659: 4638: 4629: 4620: 4611: 4588: 4579: 4570: 4561: 4552: 4537: 4529:Breckenridge, Thomas E. (1894). 4522: 4513: 4504: 4495: 4472: 3188: 2424:Fremont's party carried out the 2171: 2155: 2139: 1758:Frémont arrives to defend Sonoma 1619: 1322: 1313: 1226: 1219: 1092:, supplied the rebels and later 994: 978: 973:favored annexation of California 962: 944: 801:Provisional Government of Mexico 618: 348: 305: 301:Interim government of California 291: 266: 252: 70: 19872:United States history timelines 18382:First transcontinental railroad 15903:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649 13787: 7075:First transcontinental railroad 5282:William Brown Ide: Bear Flagger 5280:Rogers, Fred Blackburn (1962). 5257:Rogers, Fred Blackburn (1990). 5171:. University of Oklahoma Press. 4451: 4442: 4433: 4424: 4415: 4394: 4371: 4362: 4353: 4344: 4335: 4326: 4252: 4233: 4227: 4201: 4174: 4165: 4156: 4129: 4120: 4111: 4102: 4093: 4084: 4075: 4066: 4057: 4048: 4039: 4030: 4021: 4012: 4003: 4000:Warner pp. 479–482 Appendix VII 3994: 3985: 3976: 3967: 3922: 3896: 3818: 3809: 3800: 3773: 3764: 3739: 3730: 3721: 3712: 3703: 3694: 3685: 3664: 3655: 3646: 3625: 3616: 3607: 3581: 3568: 3555: 3546: 3537: 3528: 3519: 3510: 3501: 3492: 3471: 3462: 3453: 3432: 3419: 3398: 3385: 3246: 3241:Mexico's centralized government 3026:Commodore Robert Field Stockton 1867:beginning with readings of the 1407:and Mexican Lieutenant Colonel 1029:José Castro near the pueblo of 19827:People of the Bear Flag Revolt 14232: 13955:Captaincy General of Guatemala 13663:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) 13456:Separation of church and state 11672:National Reconnaissance Office 11615:President of the United States 9976:List of states and territories 9541:San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland 9521:Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim 5158:Fremont, John Charles (1886). 5127:Bancroft, Hubert Howe (1886). 4687:Frémont, John Charles (1887). 4531:Thomas E. Breckenridge Memoirs 3376: 3355: 3325: 3304: 3283: 3233: 2892:Sloat reached Monterey harbor 2081:California Historical Landmark 1996:of the U.S. Navy lowering the 909:Alta California's Sub-Prefect 13: 1: 19817:Former unrecognized countries 16011:Centralist Republic of Mexico 15854:General Archive of the Indies 15115:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado 14786:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro 14771:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas 13720:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso 13673:War of the Spanish Succession 13638:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) 10692:Confederate States of America 5259:Montgomery and The Portsmouth 3842:californiamilitaryhistory.org 3276: 3243:under the Seven Laws of 1836. 2041:1906 San Francisco earthquake 1914:, commanding the U.S. Navy's 1292:Skirmish at San Rafael (1846) 1198:Centralist Republic of Mexico 1013:Captain Frémont in California 809:Centralist Republic of Mexico 274:Department of the Californias 260:Centralist Republic of Mexico 18557:Battle of the Little Bighorn 17074:United States Virgin Islands 16440:Institutional stock exchange 16076:Second American intervention 14812: 13926:Captaincy General of Yucatan 13856:Union with Holy Roman Empire 13835:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of 13750:German–Spanish Treaty (1899) 11818:Government Publishing Office 11286:Technological and industrial 10686:The Kingdom of Beaver Island 8243:Hispanic and Latino American 7097:Second Industrial Revolution 6931:Nat Turner's slave rebellion 6637:Exploration of North America 6563:History of the United States 5129:History of California, Vol V 5114: 2050: 2019:, which had been berthed at 2012:was sent to Sonoma from the 1736:Rancho Laguna de San Antonio 1196:June 8, 1846 – July 9, 1846 783:Alta California's Governance 692:, in and around what is now 7: 19852:Rebellions in North America 18582:First Battle of Adobe Walls 18526:Long Branch Saloon gunfight 18521:Gunfight at the O.K. Corral 16641:Water supply and sanitation 16006:Spanish reconquest attempts 14690: 14406:Administrative subdivisions 13603:War of the League of Cognac 13290:Women's reproductive health 12256:Federally recognized tribes 12119:Public utilities commission 12023:Public Health Service Corps 11926:Code of Federal Regulations 11808:Congressional Budget Office 11662:Central Intelligence Agency 11568:Water supply and sanitation 10995:Declaration of Independence 10363:List of Indian reservations 9101:National Historic Landmarks 7767:Indictments of Donald Trump 6958:First Industrial Revolution 6792:Declaration of Independence 6782:Second Continental Congress 5338:"Mexican Colonization Laws" 5232:Richman, Irving B. (1911). 4151:Public Broadcasting Service 3221:Rough and Ready, California 3181: 1366:Taking of government horses 956:Governor of Alta California 913:had written to U.S. Consul 886:Texas, immigration and land 789:Mexican War of Independence 703:In June 1846, thirty-three 608:Bibliography of Los Angeles 370:Province of Las Californias 10: 19893: 18337:Great Western Cattle Trail 16041:Second French intervention 15989:Control of Central America 15120:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar 15105:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada 15007:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca 14169: 13905:), Western United States ( 13798: 13668:Portuguese Restoration War 12468:Red states and blue states 12373:City commission government 12368:Council–manager government 10656:Republic of the Rio Grande 9106:National Natural Landmarks 8364: 8126: 7788: 7659:Killing of Osama bin Laden 6747:First Continental Congress 6592: 5409:U.S. National Park Service 5375:Warner, Barbara R (1996). 5118: 4245:December 25, 2015, at the 4183:"History of the Bear Flag" 3406:Men to Match My Mountains, 2464:anchored in Monterey Bay. 2054: 1795:Captain de la Torre's ruse 1399:a rallying point north of 1355:Settlers meet with Frémont 786: 43: 36: 29: 19729: 19698: 19665: 19647: 19599: 19546: 19478: 19405: 19377: 19324: 19266: 19234: 19191: 19173: 19150: 19102: 19049: 19016: 18968: 18915: 18877: 18866: 18734: 18673: 18620: 18539: 18496: 18458: 18425:Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine 18390: 18297: 18247:Rocky Mountain Rendezvous 18162: 18052: 17969:Frederick Russell Burnham 17959: 17809: 17703: 17572: 17409: 17402: 17129: 17122: 17049:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 16967: 16841: 16765: 16654: 16549: 16540: 16398: 16389: 16276: 16267: 16240:Tropical cyclone rainfall 16138: 16129: 15959: 15888:Slavery in Spanish Empire 15799: 15788: 15694: 15683: 15581: 15475: 15468: 15353: 15202: 15195: 15188: 15175:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor 15085: 14954: 14916:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder 14878: 14822: 14818: 14807: 14776:Barcelona Trading Company 14743: 14700: 14696: 14685: 14589: 14541:New Andalusia (1501–1513) 14511: 14453: 14415: 14411: 14400: 14351: 14310: 14274: 14270: 14259: 14238: 14175: 14116: 14048:Venezuela, part of Guyana 14027: 13950: 13901:, Central United States ( 13890: 13804: 13793: 13782: 13633:Bruneian–Spanish conflict 13618:Expulsion of the Moriscos 13564: 13553: 13477: 13303: 13176: 13108: 12761: 12757: 12748: 12696: 12561: 12552: 12448: 12419: 12396: 12335: 12302: 12293: 12236: 12224:Comparison of governments 12199: 12162: 12139: 12055: 12035: 11966: 11904: 11826: 11749: 11607: 11598: 11594: 11585: 11307: 11298: 11243: 11203:Post-Cold War (1991–2008) 11044:drafting and ratification 11017:Articles of Confederation 10930: 10864: 10855: 10796: 10638:Republic of Indian Stream 10443: 10373:International concessions 10371: 10353: 10295: 10257: 10243: 9982: 9973: 9917: 9852: 9549: 9506: 9178: 9121:congressional delegations 8931: 8919: 8837: 8803: 8747: 8711: 8699: 8438: 8412: 8374: 8370: 8359: 8132: 8121: 7794: 7783: 7649: 7552: 7480: 7381: 7292: 7243:Wall Street Crash of 1929 7174: 7055: 7040:Emancipation Proclamation 6971: 6894: 6842: 6809:Articles of Confederation 6762: 6647:Native American epidemics 6627: 6602: 6598: 6587: 6569: 6046: 5743: 5727: 5690: 5637: 5579: 5480: 5476: 4963:Herbert D. Gwinn (1931). 4544:Madley, Benjamin (2016). 4141:October 27, 2017, at the 2426:Sacramento River massacre 2193: 2190: 2108:California Lone Star Flag 2065:. The flag has a star, a 1459:Vallejo then invited the 1429:Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo 1409:Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo 1339: 1334: 1304: 1299: 1273: 1259: 1251: 1243: 1235: 1215: 1207: 1192: 1180: 1175: 1170: 231: 227: 217: 213: 206: 202: 185: 167: 163: 155: 151: 139: 135: 127: 115: 107: 97: 85: 67: 62: 55: 17766:"Mysterious Dave" Mather 17069:Turks and Caicos Islands 16835:History of North America 16281:Administrative divisions 15829:Quito painting tradition 15819:Cusco painting tradition 15180:García López de Cárdenas 15170:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera 15077:Felipe González de Ahedo 14997:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés 13574:Conquest of the Americas 13243:Prescription drug prices 12363:Mayor–council government 12353:Coterminous municipality 12343:Consolidated city-county 12109:Agriculture commissioner 11759:House of Representatives 11667:National Security Agency 11317:Contiguous United States 10600:Santa Fe de Nuevo México 10575:Second Republic of Texas 10569:Republic of the Floridas 10557:Republic of East Florida 10551:Republic of West Florida 10515:United States of America 10459:Santa Fe de Nuevo México 10435:within the contemporary 10277:Northern Mariana Islands 9423:Santa Clara River Valley 9148:state historic landmarks 8729:Northern Mariana Islands 7302:Strike wave of 1945–1946 5352:Walker, Dale L. (1999). 3934:October 5, 2011, at the 3226: 1985:Conclusion and aftermath 1926:, when his predecessor, 1281:Capture of Sonoma (1846) 1074:in the San Francisco Bay 18567:Battle of Washita River 18552:Battle of Glorieta Pass 18430:Lost Ship of the Desert 18372:Southern Emigrant Trail 18332:Great Platte River Road 17999:George Armstrong Custer 17791:William "Bill" Tilghman 17304:Nootka (Nuu-chah-nulth) 16696:Handcrafts and folk art 16465:National stock exchange 16203:Protected natural areas 16031:Second Mexican Republic 15996:Supreme Executive Power 15614:Comuneros (New Granada) 15391:Balearic Islands (1558) 15110:Hernán Pérez de Quesada 15037:Ruy López de Villalobos 14992:Miguel López de Legazpi 14906:García de Toledo Osorio 13770:Western Sahara conflict 13760:Independence of Morocco 13700:Treaty of Madrid (1750) 13643:Piracy in the Caribbean 13628:French Wars of Religion 13328:Criticism of government 12673:Social welfare programs 12266:State-recognized tribes 11251:Outline of U.S. history 10963:Continental Association 10563:First Republic of Texas 9403:San Francisco Peninsula 9198:California Coast Ranges 8264:Middle Eastern American 8081:Technology and industry 6951:Seneca Falls Convention 6752:Continental Association 6652:Settlement of Jamestown 5470:History of California 5360:. New York: Macmillan. 4771:Walker pp. 123–125, 128 2760:John Montgomery of the 2162:The original of Todd's 2098:to the flag, including 2025:admittance to the Union 1931:Thomas ap Catesby Jones 1831:at the entrance to the 1682:at his headquarters in 1344:California grizzly bear 1135:John Berrien Montgomery 870:with headquarters near 741:California grizzly bear 671:República de California 19792:Conquest of California 19768:38.29250°N 122.45750°W 18777:Rocky Mountain oysters 16999:British Virgin Islands 16508:States by unemployment 16498:Science and technology 16001:First Mexican Republic 15859:Colonial Spanish Horse 15533:Colonia del Sacramento 14756:Spanish treasure fleet 14333:Royal Decree of Graces 13390:Environmental movement 13233:Health insurance costs 13128:Educational attainment 12653:Federal Reserve System 12611:Science and technology 12114:Insurance commissioner 11652:Intelligence Community 11347:minor outlying islands 11110:Civil rights movement 9473:Southern Border Region 9398:San Francisco Bay Area 9283:Greater San Bernardino 9253:East Bay (SF Bay Area) 8384:Admission to the Union 7750:Afghanistan withdrawal 7745:January 6 insurrection 7664:Rise in mass shootings 7636:Virginia Tech shooting 7189:Paris Peace Conference 6963:Second Great Awakening 6702:American Enlightenment 5549:Conquest of California 5405:"The Bear Flag Revolt' 5162:. Cooper Square Press. 4870:Walker p. 135, 137–138 4136:"Commodore John Sloat" 3982:Bancroft v:166 note 15 3525:Bancroft IV: pp. 606–7 2600:Sutter Buttes massacre 2166:, photographed in 1890 2005: 1918:, had been waiting in 1860: 1855:Bear Flag monument in 1771: 1632: 1610:Healdsburg, California 1581: 1545: 1525:, became known as the 1517:called the insurgents 1498: 1440: 1395:of Sonoma to deny the 1096: 1059:Neutrality Act of 1794 1039:Archibald H. Gillespie 924: 805:First Mexican Republic 670: 385:Conquest of California 63:June 14 – July 9, 1846 19862:Symbols of California 18612:Wounded Knee Massacre 18562:Battle of San Jacinto 18531:Variety Hall shootout 18506:Battle of Coffeyville 18488:Pike's Peak Gold Rush 18468:Black Hills Gold Rush 18145:Thomas William Sweeny 18009:Samuel P. Heintzelman 17786:John Horton Slaughter 17680:Richens Lacey Wootton 17214:Five Civilized Tribes 16939:Saint Kitts and Nevis 16736:Our Lady of Guadalupe 16230:Territorial evolution 16046:Second Mexican Empire 15017:Vasco Núñez de Balboa 14977:Juan Sebastián Elcano 14292:Council of the Indies 13653:Spanish–Moro conflict 13623:Ottoman–Habsburg wars 13583:Treaty of Tordesillas 13216:Immigrant health care 12731:Transportation safety 12726:Transportation policy 12716:Public transportation 11786:President pro tempore 11642:Executive departments 11411:National Park Service 11066:Territorial evolution 10632:Republic of Madawaska 10533:Trans-Oconee Republic 9928:California portal 8376:Territorial evolution 7740:George Floyd Protests 7723:Unite the Right rally 7592:Oklahoma City bombing 7587:Republican Revolution 7534:Space Shuttle program 7356:Civil Rights Movement 7324:North Atlantic Treaty 7132:Sherman Antitrust Act 7117:Chinese Exclusion Act 6707:French and Indian War 6697:Prelude to Revolution 6682:First Great Awakening 6642:European colonization 5710:Santa Catalina Island 5682:Territorial evolution 5176:Harlow, Neal (1982). 3870:Ethan Rarick (2008). 3301:Bancroft; IV: 598–608 2739:Ide sent Todd to the 2539:Klamath Lake massacre 2037:Secretary of the Navy 1992: 1854: 1765: 1627: 1551: 1540: 1492: 1426: 1081: 989:encouraged the revolt 919: 831:Battle of Providencia 737:republican government 625:California portal 580:Santa Catalina Island 187:• Occupation of 116:Common languages 19867:Separatism in Mexico 19773:38.29250; -122.45750 19667:Washington Territory 19407:New Mexico Territory 18772:Pacific Northwestern 18691:Cowboys and cowgirls 18473:California Gold Rush 18450:Seven Cities of Gold 18435:Montezuma's treasure 18242:One-room schoolhouse 18090:George E. Goodfellow 17984:Texas Jack Omohundro 17827:"Curly Bill" Brocius 17625:Liver-Eating Johnson 17600:Tomás Vélez Cachupín 17154:Assiniboine (Nakota) 16753:World Heritage Sites 16168:Environmental issues 16026:Mexican–American War 15984:First Mexican Empire 15814:Mesoamerican Codices 15538:Comuneros (Paraguay) 15376:Siege of Castelnuovo 14962:Christopher Columbus 14781:Consulate of the Sea 14761:Casa de Contratación 14352:Titles and positions 13745:Spanish–American War 13735:Liberal constitution 13578:Asia and the Pacific 13385:Environmental issues 13050:Political ideologies 12949:Indigenous languages 12149:List of legislatures 11946:separation of powers 11647:Independent agencies 11573:World Heritage Sites 11208:September 11 attacks 11131:Spanish–American War 11071:Mexican–American War 11027:Confederation period 10958:Continental Congress 10626:Republic of Fredonia 9526:Sacramento–Roseville 9428:Santa Clarita Valley 8290:Palestinian American 7717:Obergefell v. Hodges 7609:September 11 attacks 7445:Second-wave feminism 7366:Cuban Missile Crisis 7226:Bath School disaster 7144:Spanish–American War 7107:The Gospel of Wealth 6986:California Gold Rush 6946:Mexican–American War 6936:Nullification crisis 6904:Era of Good Feelings 6804:Confederation period 6712:Proclamation of 1763 6662:Atlantic slave trade 5532:Mexican–American War 5517:Spanish colonization 5429:The Bear Flag Museum 3516:Bancroft; IV:598–608 2596:Meridian, California 1979:Monterey, California 1887:California Battalion 1176:Los Osos (The Bears) 1094:captured Yerba Buena 849:with his capital in 793:First Mexican Empire 752:California Battalion 722:Mexican–American War 395:California Gold Rush 121:indigenous languages 44:For other uses, see 19764: / 18655:Pleasant Valley War 18597:Sand Creek massacre 18547:Battle of the Alamo 18420:Long Tom's treasure 18115:Octaviano Larrazolo 18029:Ranald S. Mackenzie 17979:"Buffalo Bill" Cody 17690:"Old Bill" Williams 17640:William John Murphy 16954:Trinidad and Tobago 16849:Antigua and Barbuda 16408:Automotive industry 16296:Chamber of Deputies 15979:War of Independence 15543:Cartagena de Indias 15165:Diego de Mazariegos 15135:Pere Fages i Beleta 15002:Sebastián de Ocampo 14483:Provincias Internas 14455:Captaincies General 14369:Municipal president 14338:School of Salamanca 14109:Spanish East Indies 14088:Misiones Orientales 13960:Spanish West Indies 13924:, Central America ( 13871:Pyrénées-Orientales 13824:Union with Portugal 13715:Napoleonic invasion 13695:War of Jenkins' Ear 13228:Health care finance 12721:Rail transportation 12487:Imperial presidency 12209:State constitutions 12154:List of legislators 12104:Auditor/Comptroller 12077:Lieutenant governor 11803:Library of Congress 11694:Diplomatic Security 11337:Indian reservations 11000:American Revolution 10775:Free State of Jones 10668:California Republic 10503:Republic of Watauga 10471:Provincias Internas 10433:unrecognized states 10355:Indian reservations 10287:U.S. Virgin Islands 9478:Southern California 9393:San Fernando Valley 9343:Northern California 9303:Greater Los Angeles 8739:U.S. Virgin Islands 8225:Lithuanian American 8181:Vietnamese American 7527:End of the Cold War 7517:Invasion of Grenada 7467:Iran hostage crisis 7216:Tulsa race massacre 7023:Election of Lincoln 7018:Dred Scott decision 7006:Kansas–Nebraska Act 6909:Missouri Compromise 6827:Northwest Ordinance 6817:Pennsylvania Mutiny 6812:and Perpetual Union 6772:American Revolution 6687:War of Jenkins' Ear 5735:San Fernando Valley 5705:San Fernando Valley 5544:California Republic 3806:Bancroft pp. 155–59 3468:Bancroft IV:540–545 3289:Bancroft V: 131–144 2430:Redding, California 1924:Capture of Monterey 1688:Joaquin de la Torre 1677:Commandante General 1493:The raising of the 1378:Commandante General 1224:California Republic 1118:. In response, the 1088:, under command of 1027:Commandante General 954:, the last Mexican 928:Commandante General 827:Manuel Micheltorena 705:American immigrants 663:California Republic 575:San Fernando Valley 390:Interim governments 380:California Republic 57:California Republic 19480:Oklahoma Territory 18665:Sutton–Taylor feud 18645:Lincoln County War 18640:Johnson County War 18540:Military conflicts 18483:Klondike Gold Rush 18284:Westward expansion 18105:Zephaniah Kingsley 17879:John Wesley Hardin 17776:George Scarborough 17756:"Wild Bill" Hickok 17645:John Wesley Powell 16889:Dominican Republic 16609:Indigenous peoples 16513:Telecommunications 16372:State legislatures 16313:Federal government 16193:Metropolitan areas 16071:Mexican Revolution 15839:Academia Antártica 15794:Other civil topics 15160:Pánfilo de Narváez 15062:Sebastián Vizcaíno 15027:Andrés de Urdaneta 14987:Juan Ponce de León 14972:Ferdinand Magellan 14946:Bernardo de Gálvez 14845:Indian auxiliaries 14343:Trial of residence 14323:Laws of the Indies 14107:Asia and Oceania ( 13968:Dominican Republic 13338:affirmative action 13311:Capital punishment 13270:Poverty and health 13265:Physician shortage 13238:Health care prices 13168:Standard of living 12851:standard of living 12658:Financial position 12285:Hawaiian home land 12273:Indian reservation 12246:Tribal sovereignty 12089:Secretary of state 11958:United States Code 11874:Territorial courts 11846:Associate Justices 11731:Inspector generals 11218:War in Afghanistan 11081:Reconstruction era 10948:Stamp Act Congress 10787:Republic of Hawaii 10483:Florida Occidental 9418:Santa Clara Valley 9413:San Joaquin Valley 9408:San Gabriel Valley 9263:Eastern California 9233:Coastal California 9208:Central California 8389:Historical regions 8345:Transgender people 7903:Capital punishment 7762:Support of Ukraine 7711:Black Lives Matter 7619:War in Afghanistan 7544:Invasion of Panama 7500:Iran–Contra affair 7361:Early–mid Cold War 7231:Harlem Renaissance 7090:Compromise of 1877 7065:Reconstruction era 7001:Fugitive Slave Act 6996:Compromise of 1850 6941:Westward expansion 6879:Louisiana Purchase 6722:Stamp Act Congress 6667:King William's War 5559:United States rule 5505:Later explorations 5500:First explorations 5490:Native Californian 5048:Walker pp. 154–155 5021:Walker pp. 149–151 5012:Walker pp. 155–156 5003:Walker p. 151, 154 4930:Walker pp. 143–144 4900:Walker pp. 139–140 4891:Walker pp. 138–139 4861:Walker pp. 134–135 4843:Walker pp. 133–134 4825:Bancroft V:155–159 4816:Walker pp. 129–130 4807:Walker pp. 128–129 4762:Walker pp. 122–123 4753:Walker p. 120, 122 4690:Memoirs of My Life 4665:Walker p. 108, 116 4567:Walker p. 110, 112 4260:"Bear Flag Museum" 4181:Bear Flag Museum. 3952:Bancroft V:132–136 3631:Bancroft V:101–108 3382:Bancroft V: 185–86 3333:"Bear Flag Revolt" 2880:The merchant ship 2184:Timeline of events 2100:Granville P. Swift 2072:Bear Flag Monument 2063:Flag of California 2057:Flag of California 2033:John B. Montgomery 2006: 1975:United States Navy 1885:volunteers of the 1861: 1785:San Rafael mission 1777:Thomas Hart Benton 1772: 1706:Battle of Olúmpali 1633: 1608:(near current-day 1584:Need for gunpowder 1546: 1533:Ide's proclamation 1499: 1441: 1405:Presidio of Sonoma 1286:Battle of Olompali 1097: 1090:John B. Montgomery 1057:for violating the 1023:Thomas Hart Benton 985:U.S. Army captain 911:Francisco Guerrero 764:United States flag 745:flag of California 675:Bear Flag Republic 102:Unrecognized state 19747: 19746: 19725: 19724: 19721: 19720: 19700:Wyoming Territory 19268:Montana Territory 19104:Florida Territory 18917:Arizona Territory 18804:Western lifestyle 18635:Earp-Clanton feud 18577:Chimayó Rebellion 18511:Battle of Lincoln 18317:Butterfield Trail 18267:Vigilante justice 18158: 18157: 18085:John Joel Glanton 18070:Jonathan R. Davis 18065:William H. Boring 17670:Trinidad Swilling 17259:Lenape (Delaware) 17184:Chippewa (Ojibwe) 17116:American frontier 17082: 17081: 16971:other territories 16801: 16800: 16761: 16760: 16536: 16535: 16385: 16384: 16355:Political parties 16318:Foreign relations 16263: 16262: 16051:Restored Republic 15969:Pre-Columbian era 15915: 15914: 15911: 15910: 15784: 15783: 15689:Spanish conquests 15679: 15678: 15675: 15674: 15671: 15670: 15667: 15666: 15464: 15463: 15145:Pedro de Alvarado 15130:Gaspar de Portolà 15125:Pedro de Valdivia 15100:Francisco Pizarro 15052:Nicolás de Ovando 15047:Alonso de Ercilla 15022:Alonso de Salazar 14855:Ships of the line 14803: 14802: 14799: 14798: 14681: 14680: 14677: 14676: 14396: 14395: 14392: 14391: 14255: 14254: 14251: 14250: 14227: 14226: 14184:Northern Africa ( 14180:Equatorial Guinea 14164: 14163: 14101: 14100: 14016: 14015: 13939: 13938: 13930:Spanish Caribbean 13903:Spanish Louisiana 13879: 13878: 13814:Crown of Castille 13778: 13777: 13755:Spanish Civil War 13730:Adams–Onís Treaty 13710:Nootka Convention 13658:Thirty Years' War 13648:Eighty Years' War 13569:Catholic Monarchs 13559:Timeline–immersed 13513: 13512: 13473: 13472: 13469: 13468: 13439:National security 13148:Income inequality 13028:Statue of Liberty 12831:income inequality 12744: 12743: 12736:Trucking industry 12548: 12547: 12544: 12543: 12475:Foreign relations 12463:Electoral College 12444: 12443: 12232: 12231: 12184:District attorney 12031: 12030: 11858:Courts of appeals 11581: 11580: 11294: 11293: 11235:COVID-19 pandemic 11188:Feminist Movement 11034:American frontier 10953:Thirteen Colonies 10814: 10813: 10650:Republic of Texas 10545:State of Muskogee 10527:State of Franklin 10394: 10393: 9935: 9934: 9536:San Diego–Tijuana 9483:Transverse Ranges 9433:Santa Ynez Valley 9383:Saddleback Valley 9378:Sacramento Valley 9363:Peninsular Ranges 9338:North County (SD) 9308:Los Angeles Basin 9170:Index of articles 8875: 8874: 8833: 8832: 8829: 8828: 8394:American frontier 8355: 8354: 8285:Lebanese American 8270:Egyptian American 8205:Estonian American 8195:Albanian American 8189:European American 8166:Japanese American 8156:Filipino American 8117: 8116: 7779: 7778: 7775: 7774: 7728:COVID-19 pandemic 7631:Hurricane Katrina 7572:Los Angeles riots 7462:Watergate scandal 7307:Start of Cold War 7275:Manhattan Project 6862:Whiskey Rebellion 6692:King George's War 6657:Thirteen Colonies 6618:Pre-Columbian Era 6529: 6528: 5723: 5722: 5604:Industrial growth 5191:978-0-520-06605-2 4457:Walker p. 95, 109 4171:Bancroft V:185–86 4108:Rogers: Ide p. 56 4081:Bancroft V:178–80 4009:Harlow p, 108–110 3991:Walker pp. 132–35 3889:978-0-19-975670-4 3848:on March 23, 2018 3815:Bancroft V:120–21 3761:p. 82, Appendix A 3670:Tays p.240 Note 1 3425:Winkley, John W. 3391:Lyman, George D. 3256:. June 15, 1846. 3196:California portal 3179: 3178: 2294:December 29, 1845 2286:December 10, 1845 2270:November 27, 1845 2262:November 16, 1845 2254:November 11, 1845 2104:newspaper article 1744:long-range battle 1700:Point San Quentin 1696:San Francisco Bay 1667:Castro's response 1419:Capture of Sonoma 1401:San Francisco Bay 1349: 1348: 1277:Bear Flag Revolt 1139:San Francisco Bay 1051:Sacramento valley 892:Republic of Texas 659: 658: 321: 320: 317: 316: 313: 312: 279: 278: 16:(Redirected from 19884: 19779: 19778: 19776: 19775: 19774: 19769: 19765: 19762: 19761: 19760: 19757: 19737: 19736: 19548:Oregon Territory 19485:Indian Territory 19051:Dakota Territory 18875: 18874: 18868: 18867: 18767:New Mexico chile 18650:Mason County War 18607:Texas Revolution 18572:Bear Flag Revolt 18322:California Trail 18232:Manifest destiny 18164:Frontier culture 18060:John Jacob Astor 18034:Charley Reynolds 17934:Younger Brothers 17914:Joaquin Murrieta 17801:Harry C. Wheeler 17796:James Timberlake 17685:Henry Wickenburg 17630:Meriwether Lewis 17549:Touch the Clouds 17411:Native Americans 17407: 17406: 17109: 17102: 17095: 17086: 17085: 17039:Saint Barthélemy 16969:Dependencies and 16842:Sovereign states 16828: 16821: 16814: 16805: 16804: 16781: 16774: 16721:National symbols 16547: 16546: 16488: 16433:Renewable energy 16423:Economic history 16396: 16395: 16274: 16273: 16136: 16135: 16116:Chiapas conflict 16016:Texas Revolution 15942: 15935: 15928: 15919: 15918: 15790: 15789: 15756:Chibchan Nations 15685: 15684: 15654:Santiago de Cuba 15513:Guadalupe Island 15473: 15472: 15200: 15199: 15193: 15192: 15155:Diego de Almagro 15032:Antonio de Ulloa 14936:Ambrosio Spinola 14931:Pedro de Zubiaur 14901:Alfonso d'Avalos 14891:Antonio de Leyva 14835:Army of Flanders 14820: 14819: 14809: 14808: 14698: 14697: 14687: 14686: 14413: 14412: 14402: 14401: 14272: 14271: 14261: 14260: 14229: 14228: 14202:Peñón of Algiers 14166: 14165: 14103: 14102: 14018: 14017: 13941: 13940: 13923: 13881: 13880: 13795: 13794: 13784: 13783: 13705:Seven Years' War 13678:Queen Anne's War 13555: 13554: 13540: 13533: 13526: 13517: 13516: 13493: 13486: 13373:African American 13255:Health insurance 13143:Household income 13013:National symbols 12944:American English 12917:Federal holidays 12826:household income 12759: 12758: 12755: 12754: 12559: 12558: 12497:Anti-Americanism 12421:Special district 12348:Independent city 12317:County executive 12300: 12299: 12094:Attorney general 12053: 12052: 12042:Federal District 11625:Executive Office 11605: 11604: 11596: 11595: 11592: 11591: 11352:populated places 11332:federal enclaves 11327:federal district 11305: 11304: 11168:American Century 11151:Great Depression 11146:Roaring Twenties 11106:Women's suffrage 10985:Halifax Resolves 10978:Founding Fathers 10973:military history 10938:Pre-colonial era 10862: 10861: 10841: 10834: 10827: 10818: 10817: 10804: 10803: 10674:State of Deseret 10644:Indian Territory 10612:Coahuila y Tejas 10606:Sonora y Sinaloa 10539:Hawaiian Kingdom 10521:Vermont Republic 10477:Florida Oriental 10421: 10414: 10407: 10398: 10397: 10297:Outlying islands 10251:Washington, D.C. 10245:Federal district 9962: 9955: 9948: 9939: 9938: 9926: 9925: 9924: 9268:Emerald Triangle 9258:East County (SD) 9243:Cucamonga Valley 9228:Coachella Valley 8971:California Dream 8961:California sound 8902: 8895: 8888: 8879: 8878: 8865: 8855: 8854: 8819: 8818: 8748:Outlying islands 8705:Washington, D.C. 8700:Federal District 8399:Manifest destiny 8372: 8371: 8361: 8360: 8303:Native Americans 8275:Iranian American 8249:Mexican American 8235:Serbian American 8220:Italian American 8210:Finnish American 8200:English American 8151:Chinese American 8138:African American 8123: 8122: 7928:Direct democracy 7918:The Constitution 7877:Higher education 7800:American Century 7785: 7784: 7238:Great Depression 7211:Women's suffrage 7201:Roaring Twenties 7127:Haymarket affair 7085:Enforcement Acts 6874:Jeffersonian era 6822:Shays' Rebellion 6742:Intolerable Acts 6737:Boston Tea Party 6672:Queen Anne's War 6600: 6599: 6589: 6588: 6556: 6549: 6542: 6533: 6532: 6191:Rancho Cucamonga 6166:Huntington Beach 5619:Legal revolution 5527:California Trail 5478: 5477: 5463: 5456: 5449: 5440: 5439: 5394: 5388: 5380: 5371: 5359: 5348: 5346: 5344: 5332: 5319: 5317: 5315: 5309: 5299: 5293: 5285: 5284:. San Francisco. 5276: 5270: 5262: 5261:. Portsmouth NH. 5253: 5247: 5239: 5228: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5210:on June 23, 2021 5206:. 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Semple 1829:old Spanish fort 1827:s launch to the 1826: 1579: 1527:Bear Flag Revolt 1523:Popular Movement 1486:be conquerors!" 1326: 1317: 1230: 1223: 1200:, Department of 1185: 1171:Bear Flag Revolt 1168: 1167: 1164:Bear Flag Revolt 1158:Sacramento River 1112:Pacific Squadron 1101:Thomas O. Larkin 1043:Thomas O. Larkin 998: 982: 966: 948: 915:Thomas O. Larkin 766:in front of the 756:Bear Flag Revolt 651: 644: 637: 623: 622: 621: 352: 341: 323: 322: 309: 308: 295: 294: 283: 282: 270: 269: 256: 255: 249: 248: 233: 232: 90: 74: 53: 52: 21: 18:Bear Flag Revolt 19892: 19891: 19887: 19886: 19885: 19883: 19882: 19881: 19782: 19781: 19772: 19770: 19766: 19763: 19758: 19755: 19753: 19751: 19750: 19748: 19743: 19717: 19694: 19661: 19643: 19595: 19542: 19482: 19474: 19401: 19373: 19320: 19262: 19230: 19187: 19169: 19152:Idaho Territory 19146: 19098: 19045: 19012: 18964: 18911: 18862: 18757:Native American 18730: 18681:Arizona Rangers 18669: 18624: 18616: 18535: 18516:Frisco shootout 18492: 18454: 18400:Dead man's hand 18386: 18299: 18293: 18289:Wild West shows 18197:Cattle rustling 18154: 18140:Sedona Schnebly 18125:Sylvester Mowry 18048: 18039:Philip Sheridan 17989:James C. Cooney 17961: 17955: 17847:Dalton Brothers 17805: 17716:Charlie Bassett 17699: 17620:John C. Frémont 17574: 17568: 17534:Snapping Turtle 17398: 17349:Southern Paiute 17314:Pend d'Oreilles 17299:Northern Paiute 17125: 17118: 17113: 17083: 17078: 16972: 16970: 16963: 16837: 16832: 16802: 16797: 16784: 16777: 16770: 16757: 16650: 16626:Public holidays 16599:Nationality law 16594:Life expectancy 16532: 16486: 16381: 16345:Law enforcement 16259: 16250:Water resources 16125: 16101:Mexican miracle 15955: 15946: 15916: 15907: 15883:Old inquisition 15795: 15780: 15690: 15663: 15619:Trinidad (1797) 15589:La Noche Triste 15577: 15573:San Juan (1797) 15523:San Juan (1595) 15460: 15349: 15189:Notable battles 15184: 15150:Martín de Ursúa 15081: 15012:Alonso de Ojeda 14982:Juan de la Cosa 14967:Pinzón brothers 14950: 14921:John of Austria 14896:Martín de Goiti 14874: 14814: 14795: 14739: 14692: 14673: 14585: 14581:Terra Australis 14576:Río de la Plata 14521:Castilla de Oro 14507: 14449: 14445:Río de la Plata 14407: 14388: 14347: 14306: 14302:Santa Hermandad 14266: 14247: 14243:Terra Australis 14234: 14223: 14190:Spanish Morocco 14171: 14160: 14151:Northern Taiwan 14112: 14097: 14068:Río de la Plata 14023: 14012: 13946: 13945:Central America 13935: 13917: 13886: 13875: 13819:Crown of Aragon 13800: 13789: 13774: 13690:Bourbon Reforms 13560: 13549: 13544: 13514: 13509: 13496: 13489: 13482: 13465: 13451:Opioid epidemic 13368:Native American 13348:intersex rights 13299: 13295:Life expectancy 13285:Medical deserts 13275:Race and health 13172: 13158:Personal income 13104: 13008:National anthem 12841:personal income 12806:Economic issues 12740: 12692: 12540: 12440: 12429:School district 12415: 12398:Minor divisions 12392: 12331: 12289: 12228: 12214:Statutory codes 12195: 12158: 12135: 12045: 12040: 12027: 11962: 11919:civil liberties 11900: 11891:Other tribunals 11870:District courts 11822: 11781:current members 11764:current members 11745: 11679:Law enforcement 11577: 11290: 11239: 11230:Great Recession 11101:Progressive Era 11091:Native genocide 11022:Perpetual Union 11010:Treaty of Paris 10968:United Colonies 10926: 10851: 10845: 10815: 10810: 10792: 10618:Las Californias 10594:Alta California 10509:United Colonies 10495:Alta California 10439: 10425: 10395: 10390: 10367: 10349: 10291: 10253: 10239: 9978: 9969: 9966: 9936: 9931: 9922: 9920: 9913: 9855: 9848: 9754:San Luis Obispo 9545: 9502: 9323:Mountain Empire 9223:Channel Islands 9188:Antelope Valley 9174: 9138:Protected areas 8927: 8915: 8906: 8876: 8871: 8825: 8799: 8743: 8707: 8695: 8434: 8408: 8366: 8351: 8257:Jewish American 8230:Polish American 8171:Korean American 8161:Indian American 8128: 8113: 7968:Merchant Marine 7938:Law enforcement 7790: 7771: 7645: 7641:Great Recession 7548: 7522:Reagan Doctrine 7476: 7455:Stonewall riots 7377: 7351:Project Mercury 7312:Truman Doctrine 7288: 7196:First Red Scare 7170: 7139:Progressive Era 7051: 7011:Bleeding Kansas 6967: 6914:Monroe Doctrine 6890: 6838: 6797:Treaty of Paris 6758: 6732:Boston Massacre 6727:Sons of Liberty 6623: 6594: 6583: 6565: 6560: 6530: 6525: 6411:San Luis Obispo 6042: 5948:San Luis Obispo 5739: 5719: 5686: 5633: 5609:Postwar culture 5575: 5472: 5467: 5401: 5382: 5381: 5368: 5342: 5340: 5313: 5311: 5307: 5287: 5286: 5264: 5263: 5241: 5240: 5213: 5211: 5198: 5192: 5148: 5146: 5123: 5117: 5112: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5097: 5088: 5083: 5079: 5074: 5070: 5065: 5052: 5047: 5043: 5038: 5034: 5029: 5025: 5020: 5016: 5011: 5007: 5002: 4998: 4993: 4984: 4974: 4972: 4961: 4957: 4952: 4943: 4938: 4934: 4929: 4925: 4920: 4916: 4911: 4904: 4899: 4895: 4890: 4886: 4881: 4874: 4869: 4865: 4860: 4856: 4851: 4847: 4842: 4838: 4833: 4829: 4824: 4820: 4815: 4811: 4806: 4802: 4797: 4793: 4788: 4784: 4779: 4775: 4770: 4766: 4761: 4757: 4752: 4748: 4743: 4732: 4727: 4720: 4715: 4711: 4706: 4702: 4685: 4681: 4676: 4669: 4664: 4660: 4655: 4648: 4643: 4639: 4634: 4630: 4625: 4621: 4616: 4612: 4607: 4598: 4593: 4589: 4584: 4580: 4575: 4571: 4566: 4562: 4557: 4553: 4542: 4538: 4527: 4523: 4518: 4514: 4509: 4505: 4500: 4496: 4491: 4482: 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Frémont 709:Alta California 682:breakaway state 655: 619: 617: 612: 589: 556: 461: 375:Alta California 347: 339: 332: 306: 292: 267: 253: 220: 195: 178: 142: 93: 81: 76: 75: 58: 49: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 19890: 19880: 19879: 19874: 19869: 19864: 19859: 19854: 19849: 19844: 19839: 19834: 19829: 19824: 19819: 19814: 19809: 19804: 19799: 19794: 19745: 19744: 19742: 19741: 19730: 19727: 19726: 19723: 19722: 19719: 19718: 19716: 19715: 19710: 19704: 19702: 19696: 19695: 19693: 19692: 19687: 19682: 19677: 19671: 19669: 19663: 19662: 19660: 19659: 19657:Salt Lake City 19653: 19651: 19649:Utah Territory 19645: 19644: 19642: 19641: 19636: 19631: 19626: 19621: 19616: 19611: 19605: 19603: 19597: 19596: 19594: 19593: 19588: 19583: 19578: 19573: 19568: 19563: 19558: 19552: 19550: 19544: 19543: 19541: 19540: 19535: 19530: 19525: 19520: 19515: 19510: 19505: 19500: 19495: 19489: 19487: 19476: 19475: 19473: 19472: 19467: 19462: 19457: 19452: 19447: 19442: 19437: 19432: 19427: 19422: 19417: 19411: 19409: 19403: 19402: 19400: 19399: 19394: 19389: 19383: 19381: 19375: 19374: 19372: 19371: 19366: 19361: 19356: 19351: 19346: 19341: 19336: 19330: 19328: 19322: 19321: 19319: 19318: 19313: 19308: 19303: 19298: 19293: 19288: 19283: 19278: 19272: 19270: 19264: 19263: 19261: 19260: 19257: 19256: 19251: 19246: 19240: 19238: 19232: 19231: 19229: 19228: 19223: 19218: 19213: 19208: 19203: 19197: 19195: 19189: 19188: 19186: 19185: 19179: 19177: 19171: 19170: 19168: 19167: 19162: 19156: 19154: 19148: 19147: 19145: 19144: 19139: 19134: 19129: 19127:Prospect Bluff 19124: 19119: 19114: 19108: 19106: 19100: 19099: 19097: 19096: 19091: 19086: 19081: 19076: 19071: 19066: 19061: 19055: 19053: 19047: 19046: 19044: 19043: 19038: 19033: 19028: 19022: 19020: 19014: 19013: 19011: 19010: 19005: 19000: 18995: 18990: 18985: 18980: 18974: 18972: 18966: 18965: 18963: 18962: 18957: 18952: 18947: 18942: 18937: 18932: 18927: 18921: 18919: 18913: 18912: 18910: 18909: 18904: 18899: 18894: 18889: 18883: 18881: 18872: 18864: 18863: 18861: 18860: 18859: 18858: 18853: 18848: 18843: 18833: 18832: 18831: 18826: 18821: 18816: 18806: 18801: 18796: 18791: 18789:Gothic Western 18786: 18785: 18784: 18779: 18774: 18769: 18764: 18759: 18754: 18749: 18738: 18736: 18732: 18731: 18729: 18728: 18723: 18718: 18713: 18708: 18703: 18698: 18693: 18688: 18683: 18677: 18675: 18671: 18670: 18668: 18667: 18662: 18657: 18652: 18647: 18642: 18637: 18631: 18629: 18618: 18617: 18615: 18614: 18609: 18604: 18599: 18594: 18589: 18584: 18579: 18574: 18569: 18564: 18559: 18554: 18549: 18543: 18541: 18537: 18536: 18534: 18533: 18528: 18523: 18518: 18513: 18508: 18502: 18500: 18494: 18493: 18491: 18490: 18485: 18480: 18475: 18470: 18464: 18462: 18456: 18455: 18453: 18452: 18447: 18442: 18437: 18432: 18427: 18422: 18417: 18412: 18407: 18402: 18396: 18394: 18388: 18387: 18385: 18384: 18379: 18374: 18369: 18367:Santa Fe Trail 18364: 18359: 18354: 18349: 18344: 18339: 18334: 18329: 18327:Chisholm Trail 18324: 18319: 18314: 18309: 18303: 18301: 18295: 18294: 18292: 18291: 18286: 18281: 18280: 18279: 18272:Western saloon 18269: 18264: 18259: 18254: 18249: 18244: 18239: 18234: 18229: 18224: 18219: 18214: 18209: 18204: 18199: 18194: 18189: 18184: 18179: 18174: 18172:American bison 18168: 18166: 18160: 18159: 18156: 18155: 18153: 18152: 18147: 18142: 18137: 18132: 18130:Emperor Norton 18127: 18122: 18117: 18112: 18107: 18102: 18100:Andrew Jackson 18097: 18092: 18087: 18082: 18077: 18072: 18067: 18062: 18056: 18054: 18050: 18049: 18047: 18046: 18041: 18036: 18031: 18026: 18021: 18016: 18011: 18006: 18001: 17996: 17991: 17986: 17981: 17976: 17971: 17965: 17963: 17957: 17956: 17954: 17953: 17931: 17926: 17921: 17916: 17911: 17906: 17901: 17896: 17891: 17886: 17881: 17876: 17871: 17866: 17844: 17839: 17834: 17829: 17824: 17819: 17813: 17811: 17807: 17806: 17804: 17803: 17798: 17793: 17788: 17783: 17778: 17773: 17768: 17763: 17758: 17753: 17748: 17743: 17738: 17733: 17728: 17723: 17718: 17713: 17707: 17705: 17701: 17700: 17698: 17697: 17692: 17687: 17682: 17677: 17672: 17667: 17662: 17660:Jedediah Smith 17657: 17652: 17647: 17642: 17637: 17632: 17627: 17622: 17617: 17612: 17607: 17602: 17597: 17592: 17587: 17581: 17579: 17570: 17569: 17567: 17566: 17561: 17556: 17551: 17546: 17541: 17536: 17531: 17526: 17521: 17516: 17511: 17506: 17501: 17496: 17491: 17486: 17481: 17476: 17471: 17466: 17461: 17456: 17451: 17446: 17441: 17436: 17431: 17426: 17421: 17415: 17413: 17404: 17403:Notable people 17400: 17399: 17397: 17396: 17394:Yuma (Quechan) 17391: 17386: 17381: 17376: 17371: 17366: 17361: 17356: 17354:Tohono Oʼodham 17351: 17346: 17341: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17316: 17311: 17306: 17301: 17296: 17291: 17286: 17281: 17276: 17271: 17266: 17261: 17256: 17251: 17246: 17241: 17236: 17231: 17226: 17221: 17216: 17211: 17206: 17201: 17196: 17191: 17186: 17181: 17176: 17171: 17166: 17161: 17156: 17151: 17146: 17141: 17135: 17133: 17131:Native Nations 17127: 17126: 17123: 17120: 17119: 17112: 17111: 17104: 17097: 17089: 17080: 17079: 17077: 17076: 17071: 17066: 17061: 17059:Sint Eustatius 17056: 17051: 17046: 17041: 17036: 17031: 17026: 17021: 17016: 17011: 17006: 17004:Cayman Islands 17001: 16996: 16991: 16986: 16981: 16975: 16973: 16968: 16965: 16964: 16962: 16961: 16956: 16951: 16946: 16941: 16936: 16931: 16926: 16921: 16916: 16911: 16906: 16901: 16896: 16891: 16886: 16881: 16876: 16871: 16866: 16861: 16856: 16851: 16845: 16843: 16839: 16838: 16831: 16830: 16823: 16816: 16808: 16799: 16798: 16796: 16795: 16790: 16783: 16782: 16775: 16767: 16766: 16763: 16762: 16759: 16758: 16756: 16755: 16750: 16745: 16740: 16739: 16738: 16728: 16723: 16718: 16713: 16708: 16703: 16698: 16693: 16688: 16687: 16686: 16676: 16671: 16666: 16660: 16658: 16652: 16651: 16649: 16648: 16643: 16638: 16633: 16628: 16623: 16618: 16617: 16616: 16611: 16601: 16596: 16591: 16586: 16581: 16576: 16571: 16566: 16561: 16556: 16550: 16544: 16538: 16537: 16534: 16533: 16531: 16530: 16528:Water scarcity 16525: 16523:Transportation 16520: 16515: 16510: 16505: 16500: 16495: 16490: 16482: 16480:Pension system 16477: 16472: 16467: 16462: 16457: 16452: 16447: 16442: 16437: 16436: 16435: 16425: 16420: 16415: 16410: 16405: 16399: 16393: 16387: 16386: 16383: 16382: 16380: 16379: 16374: 16369: 16368: 16367: 16357: 16352: 16347: 16342: 16337: 16336: 16335: 16330: 16320: 16315: 16310: 16305: 16300: 16299: 16298: 16293: 16283: 16277: 16271: 16265: 16264: 16261: 16260: 16258: 16257: 16252: 16247: 16242: 16237: 16232: 16227: 16222: 16221: 16220: 16218:Municipalities 16210: 16205: 16200: 16195: 16190: 16185: 16180: 16175: 16173:Extreme points 16170: 16165: 16160: 16157:Climate change 16150: 16145: 16139: 16133: 16127: 16126: 16124: 16123: 16118: 16113: 16108: 16103: 16098: 16093: 16088: 16083: 16078: 16073: 16068: 16063: 16058: 16053: 16048: 16043: 16038: 16033: 16028: 16023: 16018: 16013: 16008: 16003: 15998: 15993: 15992: 15991: 15981: 15976: 15971: 15965: 15963: 15957: 15956: 15945: 15944: 15937: 15930: 15922: 15913: 15912: 15909: 15908: 15906: 15905: 15900: 15895: 15890: 15885: 15880: 15879: 15878: 15868: 15867: 15866: 15856: 15851: 15846: 15841: 15836: 15831: 15826: 15821: 15816: 15811: 15806: 15800: 15797: 15796: 15786: 15785: 15782: 15781: 15779: 15778: 15773: 15768: 15763: 15758: 15753: 15748: 15743: 15738: 15737: 15736: 15731: 15726: 15721: 15711: 15706: 15701: 15699:Canary Islands 15695: 15692: 15691: 15681: 15680: 15677: 15676: 15673: 15672: 15669: 15668: 15665: 15664: 15662: 15661: 15656: 15651: 15646: 15641: 15636: 15631: 15626: 15621: 15616: 15611: 15606: 15601: 15596: 15591: 15585: 15583: 15579: 15578: 15576: 15575: 15570: 15565: 15560: 15555: 15553:Túpac Amaru II 15550: 15545: 15540: 15535: 15530: 15525: 15520: 15515: 15510: 15505: 15500: 15498:Bogotá savanna 15495: 15490: 15485: 15479: 15477: 15470: 15466: 15465: 15462: 15461: 15459: 15458: 15453: 15448: 15443: 15438: 15433: 15428: 15423: 15418: 15413: 15408: 15406:Spanish Armada 15403: 15398: 15393: 15388: 15383: 15378: 15373: 15368: 15363: 15357: 15355: 15351: 15350: 15348: 15347: 15342: 15337: 15332: 15327: 15322: 15317: 15312: 15307: 15302: 15300:White Mountain 15297: 15295:Cape Celidonia 15292: 15290:English Armada 15287: 15282: 15277: 15272: 15267: 15262: 15257: 15252: 15247: 15242: 15237: 15232: 15227: 15222: 15217: 15212: 15206: 15204: 15197: 15190: 15186: 15185: 15183: 15182: 15177: 15172: 15167: 15162: 15157: 15152: 15147: 15142: 15137: 15132: 15127: 15122: 15117: 15112: 15107: 15102: 15097: 15091: 15089: 15083: 15082: 15080: 15079: 15074: 15069: 15067:Juan Fernández 15064: 15059: 15054: 15049: 15044: 15042:Diego Columbus 15039: 15034: 15029: 15024: 15019: 15014: 15009: 15004: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14979: 14974: 14969: 14964: 14958: 14956: 14952: 14951: 14949: 14948: 14943: 14938: 14933: 14928: 14923: 14918: 14913: 14908: 14903: 14898: 14893: 14888: 14882: 14880: 14876: 14875: 14873: 14872: 14870:Army of Africa 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14850:Spanish Armada 14847: 14842: 14837: 14832: 14826: 14824: 14816: 14815: 14805: 14804: 14801: 14800: 14797: 14796: 14794: 14793: 14788: 14783: 14778: 14773: 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14751:Manila galleon 14747: 14745: 14741: 14740: 14738: 14737: 14732: 14727: 14722: 14717: 14712: 14706: 14704: 14694: 14693: 14683: 14682: 14679: 14678: 14675: 14674: 14672: 14671: 14666: 14661: 14656: 14651: 14646: 14641: 14636: 14631: 14626: 14621: 14616: 14611: 14606: 14601: 14595: 14593: 14587: 14586: 14584: 14583: 14578: 14573: 14568: 14563: 14558: 14553: 14548: 14543: 14538: 14533: 14528: 14523: 14517: 14515: 14509: 14508: 14506: 14505: 14500: 14495: 14490: 14485: 14480: 14475: 14470: 14465: 14459: 14457: 14451: 14450: 14448: 14447: 14442: 14437: 14432: 14427: 14421: 14419: 14409: 14408: 14398: 14397: 14394: 14393: 14390: 14389: 14387: 14386: 14381: 14376: 14371: 14366: 14361: 14355: 14353: 14349: 14348: 14346: 14345: 14340: 14335: 14330: 14325: 14320: 14314: 14312: 14308: 14307: 14305: 14304: 14299: 14294: 14289: 14284: 14278: 14276: 14268: 14267: 14265:Administration 14257: 14256: 14253: 14252: 14249: 14248: 14246: 14245: 14239: 14236: 14235: 14225: 14224: 14222: 14221: 14186:Western Sahara 14182: 14176: 14173: 14172: 14162: 14161: 14159: 14158: 14153: 14148: 14117: 14114: 14113: 14099: 14098: 14096: 14095: 14084:Banda Oriental 14065: 14051: 14028: 14025: 14024: 14014: 14013: 14011: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13957: 13951: 13948: 13947: 13937: 13936: 13934: 13933: 13899:Coastal Alaska 13891: 13888: 13887: 13877: 13876: 13874: 13873: 13868: 13863: 13858: 13853: 13848: 13833: 13832: 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13805: 13802: 13801: 13791: 13790: 13780: 13779: 13776: 13775: 13773: 13772: 13767: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13747: 13742: 13737: 13732: 13727: 13722: 13717: 13712: 13707: 13702: 13697: 13692: 13687: 13682: 13681: 13680: 13670: 13665: 13660: 13655: 13650: 13645: 13640: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13620: 13615: 13610: 13605: 13600: 13595: 13590: 13585: 13580: 13571: 13565: 13562: 13561: 13551: 13550: 13547:Spanish Empire 13543: 13542: 13535: 13528: 13520: 13511: 13510: 13508: 13507: 13502: 13495: 13494: 13487: 13479: 13478: 13475: 13474: 13471: 13470: 13467: 13466: 13464: 13463: 13458: 13453: 13448: 13447: 13446: 13436: 13435: 13434: 13424: 13419: 13414: 13409: 13407:Mass shootings 13404: 13399: 13398: 13397: 13395:Climate change 13392: 13382: 13377: 13376: 13375: 13370: 13365: 13360: 13355: 13350: 13345: 13340: 13333:Discrimination 13330: 13325: 13324: 13323: 13313: 13307: 13305: 13301: 13300: 13298: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13246: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13225: 13224: 13223: 13218: 13213: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13188: 13182: 13180: 13174: 13173: 13171: 13170: 13165: 13160: 13155: 13150: 13145: 13140: 13135: 13130: 13125: 13123:American Dream 13120: 13114: 13112: 13106: 13105: 13103: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13090:Transportation 13087: 13082: 13077: 13072: 13067: 13062: 13057: 13052: 13047: 13042: 13037: 13036: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13023:Mount Rushmore 13020: 13010: 13005: 13000: 12995: 12994: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12963: 12958: 12957: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12920: 12919: 12909: 12904: 12903: 12902: 12892: 12887: 12882: 12881: 12880: 12875: 12865: 12864: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12843: 12838: 12833: 12828: 12823: 12818: 12813: 12803: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12783: 12778: 12773: 12767: 12765: 12752: 12746: 12745: 12742: 12741: 12739: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12702: 12700: 12694: 12693: 12691: 12690: 12685: 12680: 12675: 12670: 12665: 12660: 12655: 12650: 12645: 12643:Federal budget 12640: 12635: 12630: 12629: 12628: 12623: 12618: 12613: 12608: 12603: 12598: 12593: 12588: 12583: 12581:Communications 12578: 12573: 12562: 12556: 12550: 12549: 12546: 12545: 12542: 12541: 12539: 12538: 12533: 12532: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12511: 12510: 12509: 12504: 12502:exceptionalism 12499: 12489: 12484: 12483: 12482: 12480:foreign policy 12472: 12471: 12470: 12465: 12455: 12449: 12446: 12445: 12442: 12441: 12439: 12438: 12437: 12436: 12425: 12423: 12417: 12416: 12414: 12413: 12408: 12402: 12400: 12394: 12393: 12391: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12375: 12370: 12365: 12360: 12355: 12350: 12345: 12339: 12337: 12333: 12332: 12330: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12308: 12306: 12297: 12291: 12290: 12288: 12287: 12282: 12281: 12280: 12270: 12269: 12268: 12263: 12258: 12248: 12242: 12240: 12234: 12233: 12230: 12229: 12227: 12226: 12221: 12216: 12211: 12205: 12203: 12197: 12196: 12194: 12193: 12192: 12191: 12181: 12180: 12179: 12177:Chief justices 12172:Supreme courts 12168: 12166: 12160: 12159: 12157: 12156: 12151: 12145: 12143: 12137: 12136: 12134: 12133: 12132: 12131: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12085: 12084: 12074: 12073: 12072: 12061: 12059: 12050: 12033: 12032: 12029: 12028: 12026: 12025: 12020: 12015: 12014: 12013: 12011:National Guard 12008: 12003: 11998: 11993: 11988: 11983: 11972: 11970: 11964: 11963: 11961: 11960: 11955: 11954: 11953: 11948: 11943: 11938: 11928: 11923: 11922: 11921: 11914:Bill of Rights 11910: 11908: 11902: 11901: 11899: 11898: 11893: 11888: 11887: 11886: 11884:list of judges 11881: 11879:list of courts 11867: 11866: 11865: 11863:list of judges 11855: 11854: 11853: 11848: 11843: 11832: 11830: 11824: 11823: 11821: 11820: 11815: 11810: 11805: 11800: 11798:Capitol Police 11795: 11794: 11793: 11788: 11783: 11773: 11772: 11771: 11766: 11755: 11753: 11747: 11746: 11744: 11743: 11738: 11733: 11728: 11727: 11726: 11721: 11719:Secret Service 11716: 11711: 11706: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11676: 11675: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11632:Vice President 11629: 11628: 11627: 11622: 11611: 11609: 11602: 11589: 11583: 11582: 11579: 11578: 11576: 11575: 11570: 11565: 11560: 11559: 11558: 11553: 11548: 11543: 11538: 11533: 11528: 11523: 11512: 11511: 11510: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11490: 11485: 11480: 11475: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11435: 11430: 11420: 11419: 11418: 11416:National Parks 11408: 11407: 11406: 11401: 11396: 11391: 11386: 11376: 11371: 11369:Extreme points 11366: 11361: 11360: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11308: 11302: 11296: 11295: 11292: 11291: 11289: 11288: 11283: 11278: 11273: 11268: 11263: 11258: 11253: 11247: 11245: 11241: 11240: 11238: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11226: 11225: 11220: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11185: 11180: 11175: 11170: 11165: 11164: 11163: 11153: 11148: 11143: 11138: 11133: 11128: 11127: 11126: 11121: 11116: 11108: 11103: 11098: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11073: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11056:Federalist Era 11053: 11052: 11051: 11049:Bill of Rights 11046: 11036: 11031: 11030: 11029: 11024: 11014: 11013: 11012: 11007: 10997: 10992: 10990:Lee Resolution 10987: 10982: 10981: 10980: 10975: 10970: 10965: 10960: 10955: 10950: 10940: 10934: 10932: 10928: 10927: 10925: 10924: 10919: 10914: 10909: 10904: 10899: 10894: 10889: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10868: 10866: 10859: 10853: 10852: 10850: articles 10844: 10843: 10836: 10829: 10821: 10812: 10811: 10809: 10808: 10797: 10794: 10793: 10791: 10790: 10784: 10778: 10772: 10771: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10755: 10750: 10748:South Carolina 10745: 10743:North Carolina 10740: 10735: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10715: 10710: 10705: 10700: 10689: 10683: 10677: 10671: 10665: 10659: 10653: 10647: 10641: 10635: 10629: 10623: 10622: 10621: 10615: 10609: 10603: 10597: 10591: 10578: 10572: 10566: 10560: 10554: 10548: 10542: 10536: 10530: 10524: 10518: 10512: 10506: 10500: 10499: 10498: 10492: 10486: 10480: 10474: 10468: 10462: 10456: 10444: 10441: 10440: 10424: 10423: 10416: 10409: 10401: 10392: 10391: 10389: 10388: 10383: 10381:Guantanamo Bay 10377: 10375: 10369: 10368: 10366: 10365: 10359: 10357: 10351: 10350: 10348: 10347: 10342: 10337: 10335:Navassa Island 10332: 10327: 10322: 10320:Johnston Atoll 10317: 10312: 10310:Howland Island 10307: 10301: 10299: 10293: 10292: 10290: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10267:American Samoa 10263: 10261: 10255: 10254: 10249: 10247: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10237: 10232: 10227: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10185:South Carolina 10182: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10150:North Carolina 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10097: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10022: 10017: 10012: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9986: 9984: 9980: 9979: 9974: 9971: 9970: 9965: 9964: 9957: 9950: 9942: 9933: 9932: 9918: 9915: 9914: 9912: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9881: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9860: 9858: 9850: 9849: 9847: 9846: 9841: 9836: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9734:San Bernardino 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9555: 9553: 9547: 9546: 9544: 9543: 9538: 9533: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9512: 9510: 9504: 9503: 9501: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9470: 9465: 9463:South Bay (SF) 9460: 9458:South Bay (SD) 9455: 9453:South Bay (LA) 9450: 9448:Silicon Valley 9445: 9440: 9438:Shasta Cascade 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9410: 9405: 9400: 9395: 9390: 9388:Salinas Valley 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9340: 9335: 9330: 9328:North Bay (SF) 9325: 9320: 9315: 9310: 9305: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9218:Central Valley 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9184: 9182: 9176: 9175: 9173: 9172: 9167: 9162: 9160:Transportation 9157: 9152: 9151: 9150: 9145: 9135: 9130: 9129: 9128: 9123: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9082: 9081: 9071: 9070: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9039: 9038: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9022: 9012: 9007: 9002: 9001: 9000: 8990: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8974: 8973: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8937: 8935: 8929: 8928: 8920: 8917: 8916: 8905: 8904: 8897: 8890: 8882: 8873: 8872: 8870: 8869: 8859: 8849: 8847:Historiography 8844: 8838: 8835: 8834: 8831: 8830: 8827: 8826: 8824: 8823: 8813: 8807: 8805: 8801: 8800: 8798: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8785:Navassa Island 8782: 8777: 8772: 8770:Johnston Atoll 8767: 8762: 8760:Howland Island 8757: 8751: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8719:American Samoa 8715: 8713: 8709: 8708: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8696: 8694: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8643: 8641:South Carolina 8638: 8633: 8628: 8623: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8606:North Carolina 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8442: 8440: 8436: 8435: 8433: 8432: 8430:The West Coast 8427: 8422: 8416: 8414: 8410: 8409: 8407: 8406: 8404:Indian removal 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8380: 8378: 8368: 8367: 8357: 8356: 8353: 8352: 8350: 8349: 8348: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8325: 8318: 8317: 8316: 8311: 8299: 8298: 8297: 8295:Saudi American 8292: 8287: 8282: 8280:Iraqi American 8277: 8272: 8260: 8253: 8252: 8251: 8239: 8238: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8215:Irish American 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8185: 8184: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8145:Asian American 8141: 8133: 8130: 8129: 8119: 8118: 8115: 8114: 8112: 8111: 8110: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8077: 8076: 8075: 8073:Sexual slavery 8063: 8056: 8049: 8048: 8047: 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8022: 8010: 8009: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7971: 7964: 7957: 7956: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7943:Postal service 7940: 7935: 7933:Foreign policy 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7888: 7881: 7880: 7879: 7867: 7866: 7865: 7853: 7852: 7851: 7839: 7838: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7822: 7810: 7803: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7781: 7780: 7777: 7776: 7773: 7772: 7770: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7736: 7735: 7725: 7720: 7713: 7708: 7707: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7661: 7655: 7653: 7647: 7646: 7644: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7627: 7626: 7621: 7611: 7606: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7558: 7556: 7550: 7549: 7547: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7530: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7509: 7507:Crack epidemic 7504: 7503: 7502: 7497: 7486: 7484: 7478: 7477: 7475: 7474: 7472:Moral Majority 7469: 7464: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7450:Gay liberation 7447: 7442: 7440:Counterculture 7437: 7432: 7431: 7430: 7428:Fall of Saigon 7425: 7420: 7410: 7409: 7408: 7406:Apollo program 7403: 7401:Project Gemini 7393: 7387: 7385: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7375: 7370: 7369: 7368: 7358: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7342: 7341: 7336: 7331: 7326: 7319:Early Cold War 7316: 7315: 7314: 7304: 7298: 7296: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7286: 7285: 7284: 7283: 7282: 7272: 7267: 7257: 7256: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7235: 7234: 7233: 7228: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7198: 7193: 7192: 7191: 7180: 7178: 7172: 7171: 7169: 7168: 7163: 7162: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7136: 7135: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7099: 7094: 7093: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7061: 7059: 7053: 7052: 7050: 7049: 7048: 7047: 7042: 7032: 7031: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7014: 7013: 7003: 6998: 6991:Prelude to War 6988: 6983: 6981:Antebellum Era 6977: 6975: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6954: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6926:Trail of Tears 6921:Jacksonian era 6918: 6917: 6916: 6911: 6900: 6898: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6888: 6887: 6886: 6881: 6871: 6870: 6869: 6864: 6857:Federalist Era 6854: 6852:Bill of Rights 6848: 6846: 6840: 6839: 6837: 6836: 6835: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6801: 6800: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6787:Lee Resolution 6784: 6779: 6768: 6766: 6760: 6759: 6757: 6756: 6755: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6633: 6631: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6621: 6614: 6606: 6604: 6596: 6595: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6581: 6576: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6559: 6558: 6551: 6544: 6536: 6527: 6526: 6524: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6136:San Bernardino 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6052: 6050: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5928:San Bernardino 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5749: 5747: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5737: 5731: 5729: 5725: 5724: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5696: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5643: 5641: 5635: 5634: 5632: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5585: 5583: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5573: 5572: 5571: 5566: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5535: 5534: 5529: 5519: 5514: 5513: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5486: 5484: 5474: 5473: 5466: 5465: 5458: 5451: 5443: 5437: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5412: 5400: 5399:External links 5397: 5396: 5395: 5372: 5367:978-0312866853 5366: 5349: 5333: 5320: 5305:"General Plan" 5300: 5277: 5254: 5229: 5220: 5200:"Ide, Simeon; 5196: 5190: 5173: 5164: 5155: 5139: 5116: 5113: 5110: 5109: 5100: 5086: 5077: 5068: 5050: 5041: 5032: 5023: 5014: 5005: 4996: 4982: 4955: 4941: 4932: 4923: 4914: 4902: 4893: 4884: 4872: 4863: 4854: 4845: 4836: 4827: 4818: 4809: 4800: 4791: 4782: 4773: 4764: 4755: 4746: 4730: 4718: 4709: 4700: 4679: 4667: 4658: 4646: 4637: 4628: 4619: 4610: 4596: 4587: 4578: 4569: 4560: 4551: 4536: 4521: 4512: 4503: 4494: 4480: 4471: 4459: 4450: 4441: 4432: 4423: 4414: 4402: 4393: 4379: 4370: 4361: 4352: 4343: 4334: 4325: 4311: 4277: 4251: 4232: 4226: 4200: 4173: 4164: 4155: 4147:US-Mexican War 4128: 4119: 4110: 4101: 4092: 4083: 4074: 4065: 4056: 4054:Bancroft V:136 4047: 4038: 4029: 4020: 4011: 4002: 3993: 3984: 3975: 3966: 3954: 3940: 3921: 3895: 3888: 3859: 3826: 3824:Frémont p. 520 3817: 3808: 3799: 3781: 3772: 3770:Bancroft V:156 3763: 3747: 3745:Bancroft V:158 3738: 3729: 3720: 3718:Bancroft V:117 3711: 3702: 3693: 3684: 3672: 3663: 3654: 3652:Frémont p. 509 3645: 3643:Bancroft V:109 3633: 3624: 3622:Bancroft V:104 3615: 3606: 3580: 3567: 3554: 3545: 3543:Frémont p. 490 3536: 3527: 3518: 3509: 3500: 3491: 3479: 3470: 3461: 3452: 3431: 3418: 3397: 3384: 3375: 3363: 3361:Bancroft V:146 3354: 3324: 3312: 3303: 3291: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3272: 3271: 3254:"Ide's Letter" 3245: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3212: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3176: 3173: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3161: 3160: 3157: 3153: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3143: 3135: 3134:August 9, 1846 3131: 3130: 3127: 3126:August 7, 1846 3123: 3122: 3119: 3118:August 2, 1846 3115: 3114: 3111: 3110:August 1, 1846 3107: 3106: 3103: 3102:August 1, 1846 3099: 3098: 3095: 3091: 3090: 3087: 3083: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3065: 3062: 3058: 3057: 3050: 3046: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3037: 3034: 3030: 3029: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3009: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2998: 2994: 2993: 2990: 2986: 2985: 2982: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2951: 2948: 2944: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2910: 2909: 2906: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2894: 2893: 2890: 2886: 2885: 2878: 2874: 2873: 2870: 2866: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2847: 2844: 2840: 2839: 2836: 2832: 2831: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2811: 2807: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2789: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2778: 2774: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2758: 2754: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2744: 2737: 2733: 2732: 2729: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2681: 2678: 2674: 2673: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2637: 2636: 2632: 2631:early Jun 1846 2628: 2627: 2624: 2623:early Jun 1846 2620: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2611: 2608: 2604: 2603: 2592: 2588: 2587: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2571: 2567: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2555: 2551: 2550: 2547: 2543: 2542: 2535: 2531: 2530: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2499: 2498: 2495: 2491: 2490: 2487: 2483: 2482: 2479: 2478:April 25, 1846 2475: 2474: 2470: 2469:April 24, 1846 2466: 2465: 2458: 2457:April 21, 1846 2454: 2453: 2450: 2449:April 17, 1846 2446: 2445: 2438: 2437:April 17, 1846 2434: 2433: 2422: 2418: 2417: 2414: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2404:March 30, 1846 2401: 2400: 2397: 2396:March 28, 1846 2393: 2392: 2389: 2388:March 21, 1846 2385: 2384: 2377: 2373: 2372: 2369: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2348: 2345: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2331: 2328: 2324: 2323: 2320: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2298: 2295: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2283: 2282: 2279: 2275: 2274: 2271: 2267: 2266: 2263: 2259: 2258: 2255: 2251: 2250: 2243: 2239: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2205: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2195: 2192: 2185: 2182: 2181: 2180: 2177: 2170: 2168: 2161: 2154: 2152: 2145: 2138: 2055:Main article: 2052: 2049: 1986: 1983: 1903: 1900: 1881: 1878: 1865:Fourth of July 1848: 1845: 1817: 1814: 1796: 1793: 1759: 1756: 1707: 1704: 1668: 1665: 1621: 1618: 1585: 1582: 1575: 1542:William B. Ide 1534: 1531: 1454:Jacob P. Leese 1420: 1417: 1367: 1364: 1360:William B. Ide 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1341: 1337: 1336: 1332: 1331: 1329: 1328: 1319:William B. Ide 1310: 1308: 1302: 1301: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1294: 1289: 1283: 1275: 1271: 1270: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1217: 1213: 1212: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1194: 1190: 1189: 1186: 1178: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1165: 1162: 1146:Oregon Country 1075: 1068: 1035:Oregon Country 1014: 1011: 1007: 1006: 1000: 993: 991: 984: 977: 975: 968: 961: 959: 950: 943: 940: 939: 935: 934: 933: 887: 884: 784: 781: 779: 776: 657: 656: 654: 653: 646: 639: 631: 628: 627: 614: 613: 611: 610: 605: 599: 596: 595: 594:Bibliographies 591: 590: 588: 587: 582: 577: 572: 566: 563: 562: 558: 557: 555: 554: 549: 544: 539: 534: 529: 524: 522:San Bernardino 519: 514: 509: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 473: 470: 469: 463: 462: 460: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 419: 413: 410: 409: 405: 404: 403: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 359: 358: 354: 353: 344: 343: 334: 333: 326: 319: 318: 315: 314: 311: 310: 303: 297: 296: 289: 280: 277: 276: 271: 263: 262: 257: 245: 244: 239: 229: 228: 225: 224: 221: 218: 215: 214: 211: 210: 204: 203: 200: 199: 196: 186: 183: 182: 179: 168: 165: 164: 161: 160: 157: 153: 152: 149: 148: 146:William B. Ide 143: 140: 137: 136: 133: 132: 129: 125: 124: 117: 113: 112: 109: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 91: 83: 82: 77: 69: 68: 65: 64: 60: 59: 56: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 19889: 19878: 19875: 19873: 19870: 19868: 19865: 19863: 19860: 19858: 19855: 19853: 19850: 19848: 19845: 19843: 19840: 19838: 19835: 19833: 19830: 19828: 19825: 19823: 19820: 19818: 19815: 19813: 19810: 19808: 19805: 19803: 19800: 19798: 19795: 19793: 19790: 19789: 19787: 19780: 19777: 19740: 19732: 19731: 19728: 19714: 19711: 19709: 19706: 19705: 19703: 19701: 19697: 19691: 19688: 19686: 19683: 19681: 19680:Port Townsend 19678: 19676: 19673: 19672: 19670: 19668: 19664: 19658: 19655: 19654: 19652: 19650: 19646: 19640: 19637: 19635: 19632: 19630: 19627: 19625: 19622: 19620: 19617: 19615: 19612: 19610: 19607: 19606: 19604: 19602: 19598: 19592: 19589: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19579: 19577: 19574: 19572: 19569: 19567: 19564: 19562: 19559: 19557: 19554: 19553: 19551: 19549: 19545: 19539: 19536: 19534: 19531: 19529: 19526: 19524: 19521: 19519: 19516: 19514: 19511: 19509: 19508:Oklahoma City 19506: 19504: 19501: 19499: 19496: 19494: 19491: 19490: 19488: 19486: 19481: 19477: 19471: 19468: 19466: 19463: 19461: 19458: 19456: 19453: 19451: 19448: 19446: 19443: 19441: 19438: 19436: 19433: 19431: 19428: 19426: 19423: 19421: 19418: 19416: 19413: 19412: 19410: 19408: 19404: 19398: 19395: 19393: 19392:Virginia City 19390: 19388: 19385: 19384: 19382: 19380: 19376: 19370: 19367: 19365: 19362: 19360: 19357: 19355: 19352: 19350: 19349:Nebraska City 19347: 19345: 19344:Fort Robinson 19342: 19340: 19339:Fort Atkinson 19337: 19335: 19332: 19331: 19329: 19327: 19323: 19317: 19316:Virginia City 19314: 19312: 19309: 19307: 19304: 19302: 19299: 19297: 19294: 19292: 19289: 19287: 19284: 19282: 19279: 19277: 19274: 19273: 19271: 19269: 19265: 19259: 19258: 19255: 19252: 19250: 19247: 19245: 19242: 19241: 19239: 19237: 19233: 19227: 19224: 19222: 19219: 19217: 19214: 19212: 19209: 19207: 19204: 19202: 19199: 19198: 19196: 19194: 19190: 19184: 19183:Fort Dearborn 19181: 19180: 19178: 19176: 19172: 19166: 19163: 19161: 19158: 19157: 19155: 19153: 19149: 19143: 19140: 19138: 19135: 19133: 19132:St. Augustine 19130: 19128: 19125: 19123: 19120: 19118: 19115: 19113: 19110: 19109: 19107: 19105: 19101: 19095: 19092: 19090: 19089:Standing Rock 19087: 19085: 19082: 19080: 19077: 19075: 19072: 19070: 19067: 19065: 19062: 19060: 19057: 19056: 19054: 19052: 19048: 19042: 19039: 19037: 19034: 19032: 19029: 19027: 19024: 19023: 19021: 19019: 19015: 19009: 19008:San Francisco 19006: 19004: 19001: 18999: 18996: 18994: 18991: 18989: 18986: 18984: 18981: 18979: 18976: 18975: 18973: 18971: 18967: 18961: 18958: 18956: 18953: 18951: 18948: 18946: 18943: 18941: 18938: 18936: 18933: 18931: 18928: 18926: 18925:Canyon Diablo 18923: 18922: 18920: 18918: 18914: 18908: 18905: 18903: 18900: 18898: 18895: 18893: 18890: 18888: 18885: 18884: 18882: 18880: 18876: 18873: 18869: 18865: 18857: 18856:Snap fastener 18854: 18852: 18849: 18847: 18844: 18842: 18839: 18838: 18837: 18834: 18830: 18829:Texas country 18827: 18825: 18822: 18820: 18817: 18815: 18812: 18811: 18810: 18809:Western music 18807: 18805: 18802: 18800: 18799:Western genre 18797: 18795: 18792: 18790: 18787: 18783: 18780: 18778: 18775: 18773: 18770: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18758: 18755: 18753: 18750: 18748: 18745: 18744: 18743: 18740: 18739: 18737: 18733: 18727: 18724: 18722: 18719: 18717: 18714: 18712: 18709: 18707: 18704: 18702: 18699: 18697: 18694: 18692: 18689: 18687: 18684: 18682: 18679: 18678: 18676: 18672: 18666: 18663: 18661: 18658: 18656: 18653: 18651: 18648: 18646: 18643: 18641: 18638: 18636: 18633: 18632: 18630: 18628: 18623: 18619: 18613: 18610: 18608: 18605: 18603: 18602:Seminole Wars 18600: 18598: 18595: 18593: 18590: 18588: 18585: 18583: 18580: 18578: 18575: 18573: 18570: 18568: 18565: 18563: 18560: 18558: 18555: 18553: 18550: 18548: 18545: 18544: 18542: 18538: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18507: 18504: 18503: 18501: 18499: 18495: 18489: 18486: 18484: 18481: 18479: 18476: 18474: 18471: 18469: 18466: 18465: 18463: 18461: 18457: 18451: 18448: 18446: 18443: 18441: 18438: 18436: 18433: 18431: 18428: 18426: 18423: 18421: 18418: 18416: 18413: 18411: 18408: 18406: 18403: 18401: 18398: 18397: 18395: 18393: 18389: 18383: 18380: 18378: 18375: 18373: 18370: 18368: 18365: 18363: 18360: 18358: 18355: 18353: 18350: 18348: 18345: 18343: 18340: 18338: 18335: 18333: 18330: 18328: 18325: 18323: 18320: 18318: 18315: 18313: 18312:Bozeman Trail 18310: 18308: 18305: 18304: 18302: 18296: 18290: 18287: 18285: 18282: 18278: 18275: 18274: 18273: 18270: 18268: 18265: 18263: 18262:Train robbery 18260: 18258: 18255: 18253: 18250: 18248: 18245: 18243: 18240: 18238: 18235: 18233: 18230: 18228: 18225: 18223: 18220: 18218: 18215: 18213: 18210: 18208: 18205: 18203: 18200: 18198: 18195: 18193: 18192:Cowboy poetry 18190: 18188: 18185: 18183: 18180: 18178: 18175: 18173: 18170: 18169: 18167: 18165: 18161: 18151: 18148: 18146: 18143: 18141: 18138: 18136: 18133: 18131: 18128: 18126: 18123: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18113: 18111: 18108: 18106: 18103: 18101: 18098: 18096: 18093: 18091: 18088: 18086: 18083: 18081: 18078: 18076: 18075:George Flavel 18073: 18071: 18068: 18066: 18063: 18061: 18058: 18057: 18055: 18051: 18045: 18042: 18040: 18037: 18035: 18032: 18030: 18027: 18025: 18022: 18020: 18019:Calamity Jane 18017: 18015: 18012: 18010: 18007: 18005: 18002: 18000: 17997: 17995: 17992: 17990: 17987: 17985: 17982: 17980: 17977: 17975: 17972: 17970: 17967: 17966: 17964: 17958: 17951: 17947: 17943: 17939: 17935: 17932: 17930: 17927: 17925: 17922: 17920: 17917: 17915: 17912: 17910: 17907: 17905: 17904:Frank McLaury 17902: 17900: 17897: 17895: 17892: 17890: 17887: 17885: 17882: 17880: 17877: 17875: 17872: 17870: 17867: 17864: 17860: 17856: 17852: 17848: 17845: 17843: 17840: 17838: 17837:Billy Clanton 17835: 17833: 17832:Butch Cassidy 17830: 17828: 17825: 17823: 17820: 17818: 17817:Billy the Kid 17815: 17814: 17812: 17808: 17802: 17799: 17797: 17794: 17792: 17789: 17787: 17784: 17782: 17779: 17777: 17774: 17772: 17769: 17767: 17764: 17762: 17761:Bat Masterson 17759: 17757: 17754: 17752: 17749: 17747: 17744: 17742: 17741:Henry Garfias 17739: 17737: 17734: 17732: 17729: 17727: 17724: 17722: 17719: 17717: 17714: 17712: 17709: 17708: 17706: 17702: 17696: 17695:Brigham Young 17693: 17691: 17688: 17686: 17683: 17681: 17678: 17676: 17675:Ora Rush Weed 17673: 17671: 17668: 17666: 17665:Jack Swilling 17663: 17661: 17658: 17656: 17653: 17651: 17648: 17646: 17643: 17641: 17638: 17636: 17633: 17631: 17628: 17626: 17623: 17621: 17618: 17616: 17613: 17611: 17610:Davy Crockett 17608: 17606: 17605:William Clark 17603: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17591: 17588: 17586: 17583: 17582: 17580: 17578: 17571: 17565: 17562: 17560: 17557: 17555: 17552: 17550: 17547: 17545: 17542: 17540: 17539:Standing Bear 17537: 17535: 17532: 17530: 17527: 17525: 17522: 17520: 17517: 17515: 17512: 17510: 17507: 17505: 17504:Quanah Parker 17502: 17500: 17497: 17495: 17492: 17490: 17487: 17485: 17482: 17480: 17477: 17475: 17472: 17470: 17467: 17465: 17462: 17460: 17457: 17455: 17452: 17450: 17447: 17445: 17442: 17440: 17437: 17435: 17432: 17430: 17427: 17425: 17422: 17420: 17417: 17416: 17414: 17412: 17408: 17405: 17401: 17395: 17392: 17390: 17387: 17385: 17382: 17380: 17377: 17375: 17372: 17370: 17367: 17365: 17362: 17360: 17357: 17355: 17352: 17350: 17347: 17345: 17342: 17340: 17337: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17305: 17302: 17300: 17297: 17295: 17292: 17290: 17287: 17285: 17282: 17280: 17277: 17275: 17272: 17270: 17267: 17265: 17262: 17260: 17257: 17255: 17252: 17250: 17247: 17245: 17242: 17240: 17237: 17235: 17232: 17230: 17227: 17225: 17222: 17220: 17217: 17215: 17212: 17210: 17207: 17205: 17202: 17200: 17197: 17195: 17192: 17190: 17187: 17185: 17182: 17180: 17177: 17175: 17172: 17170: 17167: 17165: 17162: 17160: 17157: 17155: 17152: 17150: 17147: 17145: 17142: 17140: 17137: 17136: 17134: 17132: 17128: 17121: 17117: 17110: 17105: 17103: 17098: 17096: 17091: 17090: 17087: 17075: 17072: 17070: 17067: 17065: 17062: 17060: 17057: 17055: 17052: 17050: 17047: 17045: 17042: 17040: 17037: 17035: 17032: 17030: 17027: 17025: 17022: 17020: 17017: 17015: 17012: 17010: 17007: 17005: 17002: 17000: 16997: 16995: 16992: 16990: 16987: 16985: 16982: 16980: 16977: 16976: 16974: 16966: 16960: 16959:United States 16957: 16955: 16952: 16950: 16947: 16945: 16942: 16940: 16937: 16935: 16932: 16930: 16927: 16925: 16922: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16912: 16910: 16907: 16905: 16902: 16900: 16897: 16895: 16892: 16890: 16887: 16885: 16882: 16880: 16877: 16875: 16872: 16870: 16867: 16865: 16862: 16860: 16857: 16855: 16852: 16850: 16847: 16846: 16844: 16840: 16836: 16829: 16824: 16822: 16817: 16815: 16810: 16809: 16806: 16794: 16791: 16789: 16786: 16785: 16780: 16776: 16773: 16769: 16768: 16764: 16754: 16751: 16749: 16746: 16744: 16741: 16737: 16734: 16733: 16732: 16729: 16727: 16724: 16722: 16719: 16717: 16714: 16712: 16709: 16707: 16704: 16702: 16699: 16697: 16694: 16692: 16689: 16685: 16682: 16681: 16680: 16677: 16675: 16672: 16670: 16667: 16665: 16662: 16661: 16659: 16657: 16653: 16647: 16644: 16642: 16639: 16637: 16634: 16632: 16631:States by HDI 16629: 16627: 16624: 16622: 16619: 16615: 16612: 16610: 16607: 16606: 16605: 16602: 16600: 16597: 16595: 16592: 16590: 16587: 16585: 16582: 16580: 16577: 16575: 16572: 16570: 16567: 16565: 16562: 16560: 16557: 16555: 16552: 16551: 16548: 16545: 16543: 16539: 16529: 16526: 16524: 16521: 16519: 16516: 16514: 16511: 16509: 16506: 16504: 16503:States by GDP 16501: 16499: 16496: 16494: 16491: 16489: 16483: 16481: 16478: 16476: 16473: 16471: 16468: 16466: 16463: 16461: 16460:Manufacturing 16458: 16456: 16453: 16451: 16448: 16446: 16443: 16441: 16438: 16434: 16431: 16430: 16429: 16426: 16424: 16421: 16419: 16416: 16414: 16411: 16409: 16406: 16404: 16401: 16400: 16397: 16394: 16392: 16388: 16378: 16377:Supreme Court 16375: 16373: 16370: 16366: 16363: 16362: 16361: 16358: 16356: 16353: 16351: 16348: 16346: 16343: 16341: 16338: 16334: 16331: 16329: 16326: 16325: 16324: 16321: 16319: 16316: 16314: 16311: 16309: 16306: 16304: 16301: 16297: 16294: 16292: 16289: 16288: 16287: 16284: 16282: 16279: 16278: 16275: 16272: 16270: 16266: 16256: 16253: 16251: 16248: 16246: 16243: 16241: 16238: 16236: 16233: 16231: 16228: 16226: 16223: 16219: 16216: 16215: 16214: 16211: 16209: 16206: 16204: 16201: 16199: 16196: 16194: 16191: 16189: 16186: 16184: 16181: 16179: 16176: 16174: 16171: 16169: 16166: 16164: 16161: 16158: 16154: 16151: 16149: 16146: 16144: 16141: 16140: 16137: 16134: 16132: 16128: 16122: 16119: 16117: 16114: 16112: 16109: 16107: 16104: 16102: 16099: 16097: 16094: 16092: 16089: 16087: 16084: 16082: 16079: 16077: 16074: 16072: 16069: 16067: 16064: 16062: 16059: 16057: 16054: 16052: 16049: 16047: 16044: 16042: 16039: 16037: 16034: 16032: 16029: 16027: 16024: 16022: 16019: 16017: 16014: 16012: 16009: 16007: 16004: 16002: 15999: 15997: 15994: 15990: 15987: 15986: 15985: 15982: 15980: 15977: 15975: 15972: 15970: 15967: 15966: 15964: 15962: 15958: 15954: 15950: 15943: 15938: 15936: 15931: 15929: 15924: 15923: 15920: 15904: 15901: 15899: 15896: 15894: 15891: 15889: 15886: 15884: 15881: 15877: 15874: 15873: 15872: 15869: 15865: 15862: 15861: 15860: 15857: 15855: 15852: 15850: 15847: 15845: 15842: 15840: 15837: 15835: 15834:Tapada limeña 15832: 15830: 15827: 15825: 15822: 15820: 15817: 15815: 15812: 15810: 15807: 15805: 15802: 15801: 15798: 15791: 15787: 15777: 15774: 15772: 15769: 15767: 15764: 15762: 15759: 15757: 15754: 15752: 15749: 15747: 15744: 15742: 15739: 15735: 15732: 15730: 15727: 15725: 15722: 15720: 15717: 15716: 15715: 15712: 15710: 15707: 15705: 15702: 15700: 15697: 15696: 15693: 15686: 15682: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15652: 15650: 15647: 15645: 15642: 15640: 15637: 15635: 15632: 15630: 15627: 15625: 15622: 15620: 15617: 15615: 15612: 15610: 15607: 15605: 15602: 15600: 15597: 15595: 15592: 15590: 15587: 15586: 15584: 15580: 15574: 15571: 15569: 15566: 15564: 15561: 15559: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15546: 15544: 15541: 15539: 15536: 15534: 15531: 15529: 15526: 15524: 15521: 15519: 15516: 15514: 15511: 15509: 15506: 15504: 15501: 15499: 15496: 15494: 15491: 15489: 15486: 15484: 15481: 15480: 15478: 15474: 15471: 15467: 15457: 15454: 15452: 15449: 15447: 15444: 15442: 15439: 15437: 15434: 15432: 15429: 15427: 15426:Montes Claros 15424: 15422: 15419: 15417: 15414: 15412: 15409: 15407: 15404: 15402: 15399: 15397: 15394: 15392: 15389: 15387: 15384: 15382: 15379: 15377: 15374: 15372: 15369: 15367: 15366:Vienna (1529) 15364: 15362: 15359: 15358: 15356: 15352: 15346: 15343: 15341: 15338: 15336: 15333: 15331: 15328: 15326: 15323: 15321: 15318: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15293: 15291: 15288: 15286: 15283: 15281: 15278: 15276: 15273: 15271: 15268: 15266: 15263: 15261: 15258: 15256: 15253: 15251: 15248: 15246: 15243: 15241: 15238: 15236: 15233: 15231: 15228: 15226: 15223: 15221: 15218: 15216: 15213: 15211: 15208: 15207: 15205: 15201: 15198: 15194: 15191: 15187: 15181: 15178: 15176: 15173: 15171: 15168: 15166: 15163: 15161: 15158: 15156: 15153: 15151: 15148: 15146: 15143: 15141: 15138: 15136: 15133: 15131: 15128: 15126: 15123: 15121: 15118: 15116: 15113: 15111: 15108: 15106: 15103: 15101: 15098: 15096: 15095:Hernán Cortés 15093: 15092: 15090: 15088: 15087:Conquistadors 15084: 15078: 15075: 15073: 15070: 15068: 15065: 15063: 15060: 15058: 15057:Juan de Ayala 15055: 15053: 15050: 15048: 15045: 15043: 15040: 15038: 15035: 15033: 15030: 15028: 15025: 15023: 15020: 15018: 15015: 15013: 15010: 15008: 15005: 15003: 15000: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14978: 14975: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14965: 14963: 14960: 14959: 14957: 14953: 14947: 14944: 14942: 14939: 14937: 14934: 14932: 14929: 14927: 14924: 14922: 14919: 14917: 14914: 14912: 14911:Duke of Savoy 14909: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14897: 14894: 14892: 14889: 14887: 14884: 14883: 14881: 14877: 14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14838: 14836: 14833: 14831: 14828: 14827: 14825: 14821: 14817: 14810: 14806: 14792: 14789: 14787: 14784: 14782: 14779: 14777: 14774: 14772: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14749: 14748: 14746: 14742: 14736: 14733: 14731: 14728: 14726: 14723: 14721: 14718: 14716: 14713: 14711: 14710:Dollar (Peso) 14708: 14707: 14705: 14703: 14699: 14695: 14688: 14684: 14670: 14669:Santo Domingo 14667: 14665: 14662: 14660: 14657: 14655: 14652: 14650: 14647: 14645: 14642: 14640: 14637: 14635: 14632: 14630: 14627: 14625: 14622: 14620: 14617: 14615: 14612: 14610: 14607: 14605: 14602: 14600: 14597: 14596: 14594: 14592: 14588: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14567: 14564: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14547: 14546:New Andalusia 14544: 14542: 14539: 14537: 14534: 14532: 14529: 14527: 14524: 14522: 14519: 14518: 14516: 14514: 14510: 14504: 14501: 14499: 14496: 14494: 14493:Santo Domingo 14491: 14489: 14486: 14484: 14481: 14479: 14476: 14474: 14471: 14469: 14466: 14464: 14461: 14460: 14458: 14456: 14452: 14446: 14443: 14441: 14438: 14436: 14433: 14431: 14428: 14426: 14423: 14422: 14420: 14418: 14417:Viceroyalties 14414: 14410: 14403: 14399: 14385: 14382: 14380: 14377: 14375: 14372: 14370: 14367: 14365: 14362: 14360: 14357: 14356: 14354: 14350: 14344: 14341: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14316: 14315: 14313: 14309: 14303: 14300: 14298: 14295: 14293: 14290: 14288: 14285: 14283: 14280: 14279: 14277: 14273: 14269: 14262: 14258: 14244: 14241: 14240: 14237: 14230: 14219: 14215: 14211: 14207: 14203: 14199: 14195: 14191: 14187: 14183: 14181: 14178: 14177: 14174: 14167: 14157: 14154: 14152: 14149: 14146: 14142: 14138: 14134: 14130: 14126: 14122: 14119: 14118: 14115: 14110: 14104: 14093: 14089: 14085: 14081: 14077: 14073: 14069: 14066: 14063: 14059: 14055: 14052: 14049: 14045: 14041: 14037: 14033: 14030: 14029: 14026: 14022:South America 14019: 14009: 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13994: 13991: 13989: 13986: 13984: 13981: 13979: 13976: 13973: 13969: 13965: 13961: 13958: 13956: 13953: 13952: 13949: 13942: 13931: 13927: 13921: 13916: 13912: 13908: 13907:Spanish Texas 13904: 13900: 13896: 13893: 13892: 13889: 13885:North America 13882: 13872: 13869: 13867: 13866:Franche-Comté 13864: 13862: 13859: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13846: 13842: 13838: 13834: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13811: 13810: 13807: 13806: 13803: 13796: 13792: 13785: 13781: 13771: 13768: 13766: 13763: 13761: 13758: 13756: 13753: 13751: 13748: 13746: 13743: 13741: 13738: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13726: 13723: 13721: 13718: 13716: 13713: 13711: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13701: 13698: 13696: 13693: 13691: 13688: 13686: 13683: 13679: 13676: 13675: 13674: 13671: 13669: 13666: 13664: 13661: 13659: 13656: 13654: 13651: 13649: 13646: 13644: 13641: 13639: 13636: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13575: 13572: 13570: 13567: 13566: 13563: 13556: 13552: 13548: 13541: 13536: 13534: 13529: 13527: 13522: 13521: 13518: 13506: 13503: 13501: 13498: 13497: 13492: 13488: 13485: 13481: 13480: 13476: 13462: 13459: 13457: 13454: 13452: 13449: 13445: 13442: 13441: 13440: 13437: 13433: 13430: 13429: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13408: 13405: 13403: 13400: 13396: 13393: 13391: 13388: 13387: 13386: 13383: 13381: 13380:Energy policy 13378: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13359: 13356: 13354: 13351: 13349: 13346: 13344: 13341: 13339: 13336: 13335: 13334: 13331: 13329: 13326: 13322: 13321:incarceration 13319: 13318: 13317: 13314: 13312: 13309: 13308: 13306: 13302: 13296: 13293: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13248: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13236: 13234: 13231: 13230: 13229: 13226: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13207: 13206:Prenatal care 13204: 13202: 13201:Birth control 13199: 13197: 13194: 13193: 13192: 13189: 13187: 13184: 13183: 13181: 13179: 13175: 13169: 13166: 13164: 13161: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13151: 13149: 13146: 13144: 13141: 13139: 13138:Homeownership 13136: 13134: 13131: 13129: 13126: 13124: 13121: 13119: 13116: 13115: 13113: 13111: 13107: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13081: 13078: 13076: 13073: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13058: 13056: 13053: 13051: 13048: 13046: 13043: 13041: 13038: 13034: 13031: 13029: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13019: 13016: 13015: 13014: 13011: 13009: 13006: 13004: 13001: 12999: 12996: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12982: 12979: 12977: 12974: 12972: 12969: 12968: 12967: 12964: 12962: 12959: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12942: 12941: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12918: 12915: 12914: 12913: 12910: 12908: 12905: 12901: 12898: 12897: 12896: 12893: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12879: 12876: 12874: 12871: 12870: 12869: 12866: 12862: 12861:working class 12859: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12849: 12847: 12844: 12842: 12839: 12837: 12834: 12832: 12829: 12827: 12824: 12822: 12821:homeownership 12819: 12817: 12814: 12812: 12809: 12808: 12807: 12804: 12802: 12799: 12797: 12794: 12792: 12789: 12787: 12784: 12782: 12779: 12777: 12774: 12772: 12769: 12768: 12766: 12764: 12760: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12747: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12707: 12704: 12703: 12701: 12699: 12695: 12689: 12686: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12674: 12671: 12669: 12666: 12664: 12661: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12651: 12649: 12646: 12644: 12641: 12639: 12636: 12634: 12631: 12627: 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12612: 12609: 12607: 12604: 12602: 12601:Manufacturing 12599: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12589: 12587: 12584: 12582: 12579: 12577: 12574: 12572: 12569: 12568: 12567: 12564: 12563: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12551: 12537: 12534: 12530: 12529:Third parties 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12516: 12515: 12512: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12494: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12481: 12478: 12477: 12476: 12473: 12469: 12466: 12464: 12461: 12460: 12459: 12456: 12454: 12451: 12450: 12447: 12435: 12432: 12431: 12430: 12427: 12426: 12424: 12422: 12418: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12403: 12401: 12399: 12395: 12389: 12386: 12384: 12381: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12369: 12366: 12364: 12361: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12349: 12346: 12344: 12341: 12340: 12338: 12334: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12309: 12307: 12305: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12292: 12286: 12283: 12279: 12276: 12275: 12274: 12271: 12267: 12264: 12262: 12259: 12257: 12254: 12253: 12252: 12249: 12247: 12244: 12243: 12241: 12239: 12235: 12225: 12222: 12220: 12217: 12215: 12212: 12210: 12207: 12206: 12204: 12202: 12198: 12190: 12187: 12186: 12185: 12182: 12178: 12175: 12174: 12173: 12170: 12169: 12167: 12165: 12161: 12155: 12152: 12150: 12147: 12146: 12144: 12142: 12138: 12130: 12127: 12126: 12125: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12083: 12080: 12079: 12078: 12075: 12071: 12068: 12067: 12066: 12063: 12062: 12060: 12058: 12054: 12051: 12049: 12043: 12038: 12034: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11984: 11982: 11979: 11978: 11977: 11974: 11973: 11971: 11969: 11965: 11959: 11956: 11952: 11949: 11947: 11944: 11942: 11939: 11937: 11934: 11933: 11932: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11920: 11917: 11916: 11915: 11912: 11911: 11909: 11907: 11903: 11897: 11896:U.S. attorney 11894: 11892: 11889: 11885: 11882: 11880: 11877: 11876: 11875: 11871: 11868: 11864: 11861: 11860: 11859: 11856: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11841:Chief Justice 11839: 11838: 11837: 11836:Supreme Court 11834: 11833: 11831: 11829: 11825: 11819: 11816: 11814: 11811: 11809: 11806: 11804: 11801: 11799: 11796: 11792: 11789: 11787: 11784: 11782: 11779: 11778: 11777: 11774: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11761: 11760: 11757: 11756: 11754: 11752: 11748: 11742: 11741:Public policy 11739: 11737: 11736:Civil service 11734: 11732: 11729: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11681: 11680: 11677: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11654: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11626: 11623: 11621: 11618: 11617: 11616: 11613: 11612: 11610: 11606: 11603: 11601: 11597: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11584: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11557: 11554: 11552: 11549: 11547: 11544: 11542: 11539: 11537: 11534: 11532: 11529: 11527: 11524: 11522: 11519: 11518: 11517: 11513: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11484: 11481: 11479: 11476: 11474: 11471: 11469: 11466: 11464: 11461: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11434: 11431: 11429: 11426: 11425: 11424: 11421: 11417: 11414: 11413: 11412: 11409: 11405: 11404:Sierra Nevada 11402: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11381: 11380: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11342:insular zones 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11314: 11313: 11310: 11309: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11297: 11287: 11284: 11282: 11279: 11277: 11274: 11272: 11269: 11267: 11264: 11262: 11259: 11257: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11248: 11246: 11242: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11215: 11214: 11213:War on Terror 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11193:LGBT Movement 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11169: 11166: 11162: 11159: 11158: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11129: 11125: 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11111: 11109: 11107: 11104: 11102: 11099: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11041: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11019: 11018: 11015: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 11002: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10979: 10976: 10974: 10971: 10969: 10966: 10964: 10961: 10959: 10956: 10954: 10951: 10949: 10946: 10945: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10935: 10933: 10929: 10923: 10920: 10918: 10915: 10913: 10910: 10908: 10905: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10895: 10893: 10890: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10869: 10867: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10854: 10849: 10848:United States 10842: 10837: 10835: 10830: 10828: 10823: 10822: 10819: 10807: 10799: 10798: 10795: 10788: 10785: 10782: 10779: 10776: 10773: 10769: 10768:West Virginia 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10704: 10701: 10699: 10695: 10694: 10693: 10690: 10687: 10684: 10681: 10678: 10675: 10672: 10669: 10666: 10663: 10660: 10657: 10654: 10651: 10648: 10645: 10642: 10639: 10636: 10633: 10630: 10627: 10624: 10619: 10616: 10613: 10610: 10607: 10604: 10601: 10598: 10595: 10592: 10589: 10588:Mexican Texas 10585: 10584: 10582: 10579: 10576: 10573: 10570: 10567: 10564: 10561: 10558: 10555: 10552: 10549: 10546: 10543: 10540: 10537: 10534: 10531: 10528: 10525: 10522: 10519: 10516: 10513: 10510: 10507: 10504: 10501: 10496: 10493: 10490: 10487: 10484: 10481: 10478: 10475: 10472: 10469: 10466: 10463: 10460: 10457: 10454: 10451: 10450: 10449: 10446: 10445: 10442: 10438: 10437:United States 10434: 10430: 10422: 10417: 10415: 10410: 10408: 10403: 10402: 10399: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10378: 10376: 10374: 10370: 10364: 10361: 10360: 10358: 10356: 10352: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10340:Palmyra Atoll 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10315:Jarvis Island 10313: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10302: 10300: 10298: 10294: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10264: 10262: 10260: 10256: 10252: 10248: 10246: 10242: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10226: 10225:West Virginia 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10130:New Hampshire 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10090:Massachusetts 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10011: 10008: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9987: 9985: 9981: 9977: 9972: 9963: 9958: 9956: 9951: 9949: 9944: 9943: 9940: 9930: 9929: 9916: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9879:San Francisco 9877: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9861: 9859: 9857: 9854:Most populous 9851: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9764:Santa Barbara 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9744:San Francisco 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9556: 9554: 9552: 9548: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9516:Fresno–Madera 9514: 9513: 9511: 9509: 9508:Metro regions 9505: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9493:Victor Valley 9491: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9443:Sierra Nevada 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9368:Pomona Valley 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9329: 9326: 9324: 9321: 9319: 9318:Mojave Desert 9316: 9314: 9311: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9293:Klamath Basin 9291: 9289: 9288:Inland Empire 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9238:Conejo Valley 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9213:Central Coast 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9203:Cascade Range 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9177: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9140: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9118: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9111:NRHP listings 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9080: 9077: 9076: 9075: 9072: 9068: 9067:Supreme Court 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9044: 9043: 9040: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9021: 9018: 9017: 9016: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 8999: 8996: 8995: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8943: 8942: 8939: 8938: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8925: 8924: 8918: 8914: 8910: 8903: 8898: 8896: 8891: 8889: 8884: 8883: 8880: 8868: 8864: 8860: 8858: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8842:List of years 8840: 8839: 8836: 8822: 8814: 8812: 8811:Urban history 8809: 8808: 8806: 8802: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8790:Palmyra Atoll 8788: 8786: 8783: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8765:Jarvis Island 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8752: 8750: 8746: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8716: 8714: 8712:Insular areas 8710: 8706: 8702: 8698: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8681:West Virginia 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8586:New Hampshire 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8546:Massachusetts 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8443: 8441: 8437: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8417: 8415: 8411: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8369: 8362: 8358: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8332: 8331: 8330: 8326: 8324: 8323: 8319: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8306: 8305: 8304: 8300: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8267: 8266: 8265: 8261: 8259: 8258: 8254: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8245: 8244: 8240: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8192: 8191: 8190: 8186: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8176:Thai American 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8148: 8147: 8146: 8142: 8140: 8139: 8135: 8134: 8131: 8124: 8120: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8084: 8083: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8071: 8070: 8069: 8068: 8064: 8062: 8061: 8057: 8055: 8054: 8050: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8017: 8016: 8015: 8014:Party Systems 8011: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7978: 7977: 7976: 7972: 7970: 7969: 7965: 7963: 7962: 7958: 7954: 7953:Voting rights 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7895: 7894: 7893: 7889: 7887: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7875: 7874: 7873: 7872: 7868: 7864: 7861: 7860: 7859: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7847: 7846: 7845: 7844: 7840: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7821: 7818: 7817: 7816: 7815: 7811: 7809: 7808: 7804: 7802: 7801: 7797: 7796: 7793: 7786: 7782: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7757: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7734: 7731: 7730: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7718: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7666: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7656: 7654: 7652: 7648: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7616: 7615: 7614:War on terror 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7604: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7555: 7551: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7514: 7513: 7512:Late Cold War 7510: 7508: 7505: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7491: 7488: 7487: 7485: 7483: 7479: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7456: 7453: 7452: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7415: 7414: 7411: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7398: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7391:Great Society 7389: 7388: 7386: 7384: 7380: 7374: 7371: 7367: 7364: 7363: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7346:Post-war boom 7344: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7321: 7320: 7317: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7308: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7299: 7297: 7295: 7291: 7281: 7278: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7262: 7261: 7258: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7240: 7239: 7236: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7203: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7190: 7187: 7186: 7185: 7182: 7181: 7179: 7177: 7173: 7167: 7164: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7141: 7140: 7137: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7104: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7066: 7063: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7054: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7037: 7036: 7033: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7012: 7009: 7008: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6993: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6970: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6922: 6919: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6905: 6902: 6901: 6899: 6897: 6893: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6876: 6875: 6872: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6841: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6807: 6806: 6805: 6802: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6774: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6767: 6765: 6761: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6708: 6705: 6703: 6700: 6699: 6698: 6695: 6693: 6690: 6688: 6685: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6673: 6670: 6668: 6665: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6634: 6632: 6630: 6626: 6620: 6619: 6615: 6613: 6612: 6608: 6607: 6605: 6601: 6597: 6590: 6586: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6568: 6564: 6557: 6552: 6550: 6545: 6543: 6538: 6537: 6534: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6486:Crescent City 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6356:Santa Barbara 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6266:Thousand Oaks 6264: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6171:Santa Clarita 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6156:Moreno Valley 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6071:San Francisco 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6051: 6049: 6045: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5958:Santa Barbara 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5938:San Francisco 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5742: 5736: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5689: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5636: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5578: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5561: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5492: 5491: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5464: 5459: 5457: 5452: 5450: 5445: 5444: 5441: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5413: 5410: 5406: 5403: 5402: 5392: 5386: 5378: 5373: 5369: 5363: 5358: 5357: 5350: 5339: 5334: 5330: 5326: 5321: 5306: 5301: 5297: 5291: 5283: 5278: 5274: 5268: 5260: 5255: 5251: 5245: 5237: 5236: 5230: 5226: 5221: 5209: 5205: 5203: 5197: 5193: 5187: 5182: 5181: 5174: 5170: 5165: 5161: 5156: 5145: 5140: 5138: 5137: 5130: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5107:Walker p. 160 5104: 5098:Walker p. 159 5095: 5093: 5091: 5084:Walker p. 158 5081: 5075:Walker p. 127 5072: 5066:Walker p. 157 5063: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5055: 5045: 5039:Walker p. 156 5036: 5030:Walker p. 154 5027: 5018: 5009: 5000: 4994:Walker p. 149 4991: 4989: 4987: 4970: 4966: 4959: 4953:Walker p. 148 4950: 4948: 4946: 4939:Walker p. 144 4936: 4927: 4921:Walker p. 140 4918: 4912:Walker p. 143 4909: 4907: 4897: 4888: 4882:Walker p. 138 4879: 4877: 4867: 4858: 4852:Walker p. 134 4849: 4840: 4834:Walker p. 133 4831: 4822: 4813: 4804: 4798:Walker p. 126 4795: 4789:Walker p. 129 4786: 4780:Walker p. 131 4777: 4768: 4759: 4750: 4744:Walker p. 142 4741: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4728:Walker p. 120 4725: 4723: 4716:Walker p. 118 4713: 4707:Walker p. 117 4704: 4696: 4692: 4691: 4683: 4677:Walker p. 116 4674: 4672: 4662: 4656:Walker p. 141 4653: 4651: 4644:Walker p. 115 4641: 4635:Walker p. 104 4632: 4626:Walker p. 107 4623: 4617:Walker p. 106 4614: 4608:Walker p. 113 4605: 4603: 4601: 4594:Walker p. 103 4591: 4585:Walker p. 112 4582: 4576:Walker p. 102 4573: 4564: 4558:Walker p. 109 4555: 4547: 4540: 4532: 4525: 4519:Walker p. 100 4516: 4510:Walker p. 111 4507: 4498: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4475: 4466: 4464: 4454: 4445: 4436: 4427: 4418: 4409: 4407: 4397: 4391:Walker p. 101 4388: 4386: 4384: 4374: 4365: 4356: 4347: 4338: 4329: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4296: 4289: 4288: 4281: 4265: 4261: 4255: 4248: 4244: 4241: 4236: 4230: 4214: 4210: 4204: 4188: 4184: 4177: 4168: 4162:Harlow p. 124 4159: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4132: 4126:Harlow p. 122 4123: 4117:Harlow p. 121 4114: 4105: 4096: 4090:Harlow p. 112 4087: 4078: 4069: 4063:Harlow p. 111 4060: 4051: 4042: 4033: 4024: 4015: 4006: 3997: 3988: 3979: 3970: 3961: 3959: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3937: 3933: 3930: 3925: 3914:September 23, 3909: 3905: 3899: 3891: 3885: 3881: 3876: 3875: 3866: 3864: 3852:September 11, 3847: 3843: 3839: 3833: 3831: 3821: 3812: 3803: 3797:Walker p. 132 3794: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3779:Harlow p. 104 3776: 3767: 3760: 3754: 3752: 3742: 3733: 3724: 3715: 3709:Harlow p. 102 3706: 3697: 3688: 3682:Walker p. 121 3679: 3677: 3667: 3658: 3649: 3640: 3638: 3628: 3619: 3613:Ide pp. 112–3 3610: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3577: 3571: 3564: 3558: 3549: 3540: 3531: 3522: 3513: 3504: 3495: 3486: 3484: 3474: 3465: 3456: 3449: 3448:1-884995-17-9 3445: 3441: 3435: 3428: 3422: 3415: 3414:0-425-10544-X 3411: 3407: 3401: 3394: 3388: 3379: 3373:Harlow p. 103 3370: 3368: 3358: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3328: 3322:Richman p 308 3319: 3317: 3310:Richman p 261 3307: 3298: 3296: 3286: 3282: 3259: 3255: 3249: 3242: 3236: 3232: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3186: 3174: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3155: 3154: 3149: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3136: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3109: 3108: 3104: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3086:July 29, 1846 3085: 3084: 3079: 3077:July 29, 1846 3076: 3075: 3071: 3069:July 26, 1846 3068: 3067: 3063: 3061:July 23, 1846 3060: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3049:July 19, 1846 3048: 3047: 3043: 3041:July 16, 1846 3040: 3039: 3035: 3033:July 16, 1846 3032: 3031: 3027: 3024: 3022:July 15, 1846 3021: 3020: 3015: 3013:July 12, 1846 3012: 3011: 3007: 3005:July 12, 1846 3004: 3003: 2999: 2997:July 11, 1846 2996: 2995: 2991: 2989:July 10, 1846 2988: 2987: 2983: 2980: 2979: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2963: 2962: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2940: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2920: 2919: 2915: 2912: 2911: 2907: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2869:June 29, 1846 2868: 2867: 2862: 2860:June 28, 1846 2859: 2858: 2853: 2851:June 28, 1846 2850: 2849: 2845: 2843:June 27, 1846 2842: 2841: 2837: 2835:June 26, 1846 2834: 2833: 2829: 2827:June 25, 1846 2826: 2825: 2820: 2818:June 24, 1846 2817: 2816: 2812: 2810:June 23, 1846 2809: 2808: 2804: 2802:June 23, 1846 2801: 2800: 2795: 2793:June 20, 1846 2792: 2791: 2787: 2785:June 18, 1846 2784: 2783: 2779: 2777:June 17, 1846 2776: 2775: 2771: 2769:June 16, 1846 2768: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2757:June 16, 1846 2756: 2755: 2750: 2748:June 16, 1846 2747: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2736:June 15, 1846 2735: 2734: 2730: 2728:June 15, 1846 2727: 2726: 2722: 2720:June 15, 1846 2719: 2718: 2714: 2712:June 14, 1846 2711: 2710: 2705: 2703:June 14, 1846 2702: 2701: 2696: 2694:June 13, 1846 2693: 2692: 2687: 2685:June 11, 1846 2684: 2683: 2679: 2677:June 10, 1846 2676: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2647: 2646: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2625: 2622: 2621: 2617: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2607:late May 1846 2606: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2590: 2589: 2584: 2580: 2577: 2576: 2572: 2569: 2568: 2564: 2561: 2560: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2520: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2509: 2508: 2504: 2501: 2500: 2496: 2493: 2492: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2471: 2468: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2421:April 5, 1846 2420: 2419: 2415: 2412: 2411: 2406: 2403: 2402: 2398: 2395: 2394: 2390: 2387: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2375: 2374: 2370: 2368:March 9, 1846 2367: 2366: 2362: 2360:March 8, 1846 2359: 2358: 2354: 2352:March 8, 1846 2351: 2350: 2346: 2344:March 6, 1846 2343: 2342: 2337: 2335:March 5, 1846 2334: 2333: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2301: 2300: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2276: 2272: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2218: 2215: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2198: 2197: 2189: 2174: 2169: 2165: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2142: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2126:(leaping) or 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2112:Juan Alvarado 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2068: 2064: 2058: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2017: 2011: 2010:Joseph Revere 2003: 2002:American flag 1999: 1995: 1994:Joseph Revere 1991: 1982: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1971: 1965: 1964: 1958: 1954: 1953: 1948: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1912:John D. Sloat 1910: 1899: 1897: 1891: 1888: 1877: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1858: 1853: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1823: 1813: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1792: 1788: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1769: 1764: 1755: 1753: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1727: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1678: 1675:soon reached 1674: 1673:Sutter's Fort 1664: 1661: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1645: 1643: 1642:Sutter's Fort 1639: 1630: 1629:Sutter's Fort 1626: 1620:Sutter's Fort 1617: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1591: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1543: 1539: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1507: 1505: 1496: 1491: 1487: 1485: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1445: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1374: 1363: 1361: 1351:Military unit 1345: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1325: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1311: 1309: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1269: 1268:Sutter's Fort 1265: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1231:United States 1229: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1123: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1108:John D. Sloat 1106: 1102: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1086: 1080: 1073: 1067: 1065: 1064:Sutter Buttes 1060: 1056: 1055:court-martial 1052: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1003: 997: 992: 988: 981: 976: 972: 971:James K. Polk 965: 960: 957: 953: 947: 942: 941: 932: 929: 923: 918: 916: 912: 907: 904: 899: 897: 896:James K. Polk 893: 883: 879: 877: 873: 869: 866: 865: 860: 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 835:Cahuenga Pass 832: 828: 824: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 775: 773: 772:Sutter's Fort 769: 765: 761: 760:Joseph Revere 757: 753: 748: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 725: 723: 719: 715: 710: 706: 701: 699: 695: 694:Sonoma County 691: 690:San Francisco 687: 683: 680: 676: 672: 668: 664: 652: 647: 645: 640: 638: 633: 632: 630: 629: 626: 616: 615: 609: 606: 604: 601: 600: 598: 597: 593: 592: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 567: 565: 564: 560: 559: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 542:Santa Barbara 540: 538: 535: 533: 532:San Francisco 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 474: 472: 471: 468: 465: 464: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 414: 412: 411: 407: 406: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 362: 361: 360: 356: 355: 351: 346: 345: 342: 336: 335: 330: 325: 324: 304: 302: 299: 298: 290: 288: 287:United States 285: 284: 281: 275: 272: 265: 264: 261: 258: 251: 250: 247: 246: 243: 240: 238: 235: 234: 230: 226: 222: 216: 212: 209: 205: 201: 197: 194: 193:U.S. military 190: 184: 181:June 14, 1846 180: 176: 172: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 147: 144: 138: 134: 130: 126: 123:, and English 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 103: 100: 96: 89: 84: 80: 79:The Bear Flag 73: 66: 61: 54: 51: 47: 40: 33: 19: 19749: 19713:Fort Laramie 19708:Fort Bridger 19493:Broken Arrow 19244:Independence 18841:Cowboy boots 18836:Western wear 18716:Mountain men 18377:Tanner Trail 18362:Pony Express 18357:Oregon Trail 18352:Mormon Trail 18222:Homesteading 18187:Cattle drive 18150:Peter Lebeck 18135:Annie Oakley 18095:Doc Holliday 18024:Luther Kelly 18004:Alexis Godey 17994:George Crook 17929:Sundance Kid 17884:Johnny Ringo 17874:Bill Downing 17655:Levi Ruggles 17615:Donner Party 17590:John Bozeman 17585:Daniel Boone 17524:Sitting Bull 17499:Plenty Coups 17434:Chief Joseph 17429:Bloody Knife 17424:Black Kettle 17124:1776 to 1912 17064:Sint Maarten 17044:Saint Martin 16664:Architecture 16569:Demographics 16413:Central bank 16323:Human rights 16303:Constitution 16121:War on drugs 16096:World War II 16081:Cristero War 15974:Colonial era 15809:Architecture 15704:The Americas 15568:Newfoundland 15558:Túpac Katari 15548:Cuerno Verde 15483:Tenochtitlan 15315:Valenciennes 15072:Luis Fajardo 14941:Blas de Lezo 14886:Duke of Alba 14766:Spanish Road 14604:Buenos Aires 14513:Governorates 14282:Ayuntamiento 14275:Organization 13740:Carlist Wars 13588:Italian Wars 13422:Human rights 13402:Gun politics 13353:Islamophobia 13343:antisemitism 13211:Hospice care 13153:Middle class 13133:Homelessness 13110:Social class 13070:Social class 12934:Human rights 12924:Homelessness 12836:middle class 12801:Demographics 12776:Architecture 12683:Unemployment 12663:Labor unions 12411:Town meeting 12388:City council 12383:City manager 12124:State police 11986:Marine Corps 11976:Armed Forces 11951:civil rights 11931:Constitution 11503:Southwestern 11498:Southeastern 11488:Northwestern 11483:Northeastern 11448:Mid-Atlantic 11438:Great Plains 11156:World War II 11039:Constitution 10943:Colonial era 10922:2008–present 10667: 10583:(1823–1824) 10330:Midway Atoll 10325:Kingman Reef 10305:Baker Island 10282:Puerto Rico 10190:South Dakota 10180:Rhode Island 10175:Pennsylvania 10155:North Dakota 9919: 9589:Contra Costa 9498:Wine Country 9358:Oxnard Plain 9353:Owens Valley 9348:Orange Coast 9273:Gold Country 9248:Death Valley 8983:Demographics 8921: 8780:Midway Atoll 8775:Kingman Reef 8755:Baker Island 8734:Puerto Rico 8646:South Dakota 8636:Rhode Island 8631:Pennsylvania 8611:North Dakota 8327: 8320: 8301: 8262: 8255: 8241: 8187: 8143: 8136: 8079: 8065: 8058: 8051: 8012: 7986:Marine Corps 7973: 7966: 7959: 7923:Debt ceiling 7908:Civil Rights 7890: 7883: 7869: 7855: 7841: 7812: 7807:Antisemitism 7805: 7798: 7754: 7715: 7651:2008–present 7603:Bush v. Gore 7601: 7539:War on drugs 7413:Mid Cold War 7265:Pearl Harbor 7260:World War II 7080:Ku Klux Klan 6677:Dummer's War 6616: 6609: 6603:Pre-Colonial 6376:Redwood City 6351:Santa Monica 6176:Garden Grove 5783:Contra Costa 5543: 5522:Mexican rule 5422: 5415:John Bidwell 5376: 5355: 5341:. Retrieved 5328: 5324: 5312:. Retrieved 5281: 5258: 5234: 5224: 5212:. Retrieved 5208:the original 5201: 5179: 5168: 5159: 5147:. Retrieved 5135: 5128: 5103: 5080: 5071: 5044: 5035: 5026: 5017: 5008: 4999: 4973:. Retrieved 4958: 4935: 4926: 4917: 4896: 4887: 4866: 4857: 4848: 4839: 4830: 4821: 4812: 4803: 4794: 4785: 4776: 4767: 4758: 4749: 4712: 4703: 4689: 4682: 4661: 4640: 4631: 4622: 4613: 4590: 4581: 4572: 4563: 4554: 4545: 4539: 4530: 4524: 4515: 4506: 4501:Walker p. 97 4497: 4492:Walker p. 99 4478:Walker p. 96 4474: 4469:Walker p. 95 4453: 4444: 4439:Walker p. 92 4435: 4426: 4421:Walker p. 91 4417: 4412:Walker p. 68 4400:Walker p. 72 4396: 4377:Walker p. 87 4373: 4368:Walker p. 98 4364: 4359:Walker p. 86 4355: 4350:Walker p. 66 4346: 4337: 4328: 4323:Walker p. 84 4302:. Retrieved 4286: 4280: 4268:. Retrieved 4254: 4235: 4229: 4219:December 25, 4217:. Retrieved 4203: 4191:. Retrieved 4176: 4167: 4158: 4146: 4131: 4122: 4113: 4104: 4095: 4086: 4077: 4068: 4059: 4050: 4041: 4036:Harlow p.110 4032: 4023: 4014: 4005: 3996: 3987: 3978: 3969: 3924: 3912:. Retrieved 3898: 3873: 3850:. Retrieved 3846:the original 3841: 3820: 3811: 3802: 3775: 3766: 3758: 3741: 3732: 3727:Harlow p.101 3723: 3714: 3705: 3696: 3687: 3666: 3657: 3648: 3627: 3618: 3609: 3597:. Retrieved 3583: 3575: 3570: 3562: 3557: 3552:Harlow p. 85 3548: 3539: 3534:Hague p. 128 3530: 3521: 3512: 3503: 3498:Walker p. 58 3494: 3489:Walker p. 60 3473: 3464: 3455: 3439: 3434: 3426: 3421: 3405: 3400: 3392: 3387: 3378: 3357: 3345:. Retrieved 3336: 3327: 3306: 3285: 3262:. 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5581:Since 1900 5495:Precontact 5119:See also: 3736:SSHP p. 82 3576:Montgomery 3563:Montgomery 3477:Hague p 99 3277:References 2762:Portsmouth 2741:Portsmouth 2583:Portsmouth 2462:Portsmouth 2381:Portsmouth 2146:The First 2029:Portsmouth 2016:Portsmouth 1781:San Rafael 1724:Californio 1716:Californio 1638:Californio 1614:Kit Carson 1596:Portsmouth 1504:vigilantes 1450:Comandante 1433:Californio 1373:Californio 1307:commanders 1300:Commanders 1216:Allegiance 1152:moored at 1150:Portsmouth 1122:Portsmouth 1085:Portsmouth 1072:Portsmouth 969:President 839:John Marsh 731:raised in 729:insurgents 698:California 517:Sacramento 427:Newspapers 400:Since 1900 340:California 208:Population 32:California 19690:Vancouver 19566:La Grande 19533:Tuskahoma 19523:Tahlequah 19503:Fort Sill 19470:Tucumcari 19440:Las Vegas 19369:Whiteclay 19364:Valentine 19296:Fort Peck 19254:St. Louis 19211:Ellsworth 19165:Fort Hall 19137:St. Marks 19122:Pensacola 19036:Telluride 19003:San Diego 18988:Jamestown 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Fly 18044:Al Sieber 17751:Jack Helm 17635:Joe Mayer 17573:Explorers 17544:Ten Bears 17529:Smallwood 17514:Sacagawea 17509:Red Cloud 17489:Manuelito 17484:Kiliahote 17334:Seminoles 17294:Nez Perce 17159:Blackfoot 17014:Greenland 16929:Nicaragua 16904:Guatemala 16711:Monuments 16701:Languages 16574:Education 16493:Petroleum 16450:Labor law 16418:Companies 16360:President 16308:Elections 16198:Mountains 16131:Geography 16056:Caste War 15751:Nicaragua 15729:Guatemala 15639:Pichincha 15624:Chacabuco 15563:Pensacola 15508:Mataquito 15488:Cajamarca 15469:New World 15441:Trafalgar 15345:Alhucemas 15225:Landriano 15210:Comuneros 15196:Old World 15140:Joan Orpí 14860:Royalists 14634:Guatemala 14561:New Spain 14498:Venezuela 14473:Guatemala 14430:New Spain 14425:Columbian 14318:Exequatur 14218:Cape Juby 14072:Argentina 13895:New Spain 13829:Gibraltar 13593:Habsburgs 13444:Terrorism 13221:Rationing 13118:Affluence 13065:Sexuality 13033:Uncle Sam 12939:Languages 12868:Education 12811:affluence 12771:Americana 12698:Transport 12596:Insurance 12586:Companies 12566:By sector 12458:Elections 12099:Treasurer 12057:Executive 11996:Air Force 11968:Uniformed 11791:President 11608:Executive 11379:Mountains 11312:Territory 11300:Geography 11124:1954–1968 11119:1896–1954 11114:1865–1896 11076:Civil War 10917:1991–2008 10912:1980–1991 10907:1964–1980 10902:1945–1964 10897:1917–1945 10892:1865–1917 10887:1849–1865 10882:1815–1849 10877:1789–1815 10872:1776–1789 10865:By period 10753:Tennessee 10728:Louisiana 10429:sovereign 10230:Wisconsin 10195:Tennessee 10100:Minnesota 10075:Louisiana 9869:San Diego 9759:San Mateo 9739:San Diego 9719:Riverside 9669:Mendocino 9599:El Dorado 9594:Del Norte 9579:Calaveras 9126:elections 9052:districts 9015:Geography 9005:Education 8956:languages 8926:(capital) 8686:Wisconsin 8651:Tennessee 8556:Minnesota 8531:Louisiana 8425:The South 7996:Air Force 7871:Education 7733:recession 7689:Las Vegas 7597:Columbine 7554:1991–2008 7482:1980–1991 7383:1964–1980 7294:1945–1964 7248:Dust Bowl 7176:1917–1945 7057:1865–1917 7035:Civil War 7028:Secession 6973:1849–1865 6896:1815–1849 6867:Quasi-War 6844:1789–1815 6764:1776–1789 6717:Sugar Act 6456:Red Bluff 6431:Hollister 6416:El Centro 6381:Yuba City 6336:Fairfield 6326:Inglewood 6286:Roseville 6256:Fullerton 6246:Sunnyvale 6241:Escondido 6206:Elk Grove 6201:Lancaster 6186:Oceanside 6111:Riverside 6106:Santa Ana 6061:San Diego 5953:San Mateo 5933:San Diego 5913:Riverside 5863:Mendocino 5793:El Dorado 5788:Del Norte 5773:Calaveras 5745:By county 5692:By region 5667:Railroads 5647:Etymology 5624:Tech boom 5569:Civil War 5564:Gold Rush 5385:cite book 5379:. Sonoma. 5290:cite book 5267:cite book 5244:cite book 5238:. Boston. 5115:Citations 4975:August 4, 3565:pp. 21–23 2164:Bear Flag 2148:Bear Flag 2051:Bear Flag 2021:Sausalito 2004:on July 9 1998:Bear Flag 1928:Commodore 1909:Commodore 1692:San Pablo 1590:gunpowder 1495:Bear Flag 1208:Disbanded 1154:Sausalito 1120:USS 1105:Commodore 1083:USS 677:, was an 527:San Diego 512:Riverside 437:Railroads 177:declared 128:Commander 119:Spanish, 19739:Category 19629:Gonzales 19581:Portland 19518:Pawhuska 19513:Okmulgee 19465:Santa Fe 19455:Mogollon 19425:Cimarron 19354:Ogallala 19326:Nebraska 19311:Missoula 19276:Billings 19236:Missouri 19175:Illinois 19064:Deadwood 19059:Bismarck 19041:Trinidad 19018:Colorado 18935:Prescott 18892:Iditarod 18819:Red Dirt 18392:Folklore 18202:Cow town 18120:Nat Love 18014:Tom Horn 17960:Soldiers 17721:Roy Bean 17577:pioneers 17564:Washakie 17559:Victorio 17469:Geronimo 17444:Degataga 17339:Shoshone 17284:Muscogee 17269:Maricopa 17244:Kumeyaay 17234:Kickapoo 17229:Hualapai 17199:Comanche 17174:Cheyenne 17164:Cahuilla 16979:Anguilla 16914:Honduras 16884:Dominica 16859:Barbados 16788:Category 16731:Religion 16691:Folklore 16350:Military 16328:Intersex 16286:Congress 16269:Politics 16255:Wildlife 16245:Volcanos 16086:Maximato 15953:articles 15761:Colombia 15746:Honduras 15659:Asomante 15644:Ayacucho 15634:Carabobo 15609:Curalaba 15386:Ceresole 15280:Gembloux 15240:Mühlberg 14955:Mariners 14813:Military 14735:Doubloon 14720:Maravedí 14664:Santiago 14571:Paraguay 14297:Germania 14137:Caroline 14092:Malvinas 14076:Paraguay 14036:Colombia 13978:Trinidad 13845:Sardinia 13685:Bourbons 13500:Category 13196:Abortion 13060:Religion 13018:Columbia 12976:internet 12912:Holidays 12907:Folklore 12878:literacy 12816:eviction 12706:Aviation 12678:Taxation 12633:Currency 12626:by state 12536:Scandals 12406:Township 12164:Judicial 12065:Governor 11828:Judicial 11714:Marshals 11587:Politics 11541:Missouri 11531:Columbia 11526:Colorado 11521:Arkansas 11514:Longest 11493:Southern 11478:Northern 11322:counties 11276:Military 11266:Economic 11244:By topic 11223:Iraq War 11173:Cold War 10931:By event 10806:Category 10763:Virginia 10738:Missouri 10723:Kentucky 10708:Arkansas 10386:Pituffik 10215:Virginia 10165:Oklahoma 10145:New York 10120:Nebraska 10110:Missouri 10095:Michigan 10085:Maryland 10070:Kentucky 10050:Illinois 10025:Delaware 10015:Colorado 10005:Arkansas 9874:San Jose 9829:Tuolumne 9789:Siskiyou 9689:Monterey 9664:Mariposa 9619:Imperial 9614:Humboldt 9551:Counties 9116:Politics 9079:Abortion 9057:governor 8857:Category 8671:Virginia 8621:Oklahoma 8601:New York 8576:Nebraska 8566:Missouri 8551:Michigan 8541:Maryland 8526:Kentucky 8506:Illinois 8481:Delaware 8471:Colorado 8461:Arkansas 8340:Lesbians 8314:Comanche 8309:Cherokee 8102:Medicine 8060:Genocide 8053:Religion 7975:Military 7948:Taxation 7898:Abortion 7814:Cultural 7694:Parkland 7624:Iraq War 7562:Gulf War 7334:Ivy Mike 7253:New Deal 6629:Colonial 6574:Timeline 6506:Lakeport 6471:Piedmont 6451:Oroville 6426:Martinez 6401:Woodland 6311:Berkeley 6306:El Monte 6251:Pasadena 6231:Torrance 6211:Palmdale 6161:Glendale 6116:Stockton 6066:San Jose 6023:Tuolumne 5983:Siskiyou 5883:Monterey 5858:Mariposa 5813:Imperial 5808:Humboldt 5715:Yosemite 5700:Bay Area 5662:Missions 5657:Maritime 5652:Highways 5639:By topic 5214:July 14, 5133:Also at 4969:Archived 4295:Archived 4270:June 13, 4264:Archived 4243:Archived 4213:Archived 4187:Archived 4139:Archived 3932:Archived 3908:Archived 3757:Rogers, 3593:Archived 3574:Rogers, 3347:July 23, 3341:Archived 3339:. 2008. 3258:Archived 3217:, Mexico 3182:See also 3140:sine die 3054:Savannah 2670:Savannah 2311:Jan 1846 2302:Jan 1846 2278:Dec 1845 2242:Nov 1845 2233:Nov 1845 2208:Oct 1845 1952:Savannah 1874:fandango 1810:San Juan 1740:Olúmpali 1732:Two Rock 1576:— 1519:Los Osos 1431:, noted 1335:Insignia 1133:captain 1127:Monterey 1031:Monterey 952:Pío Pico 872:Monterey 843:Pio Pico 716:Captain 585:Yosemite 570:Bay Area 537:San Jose 507:Piedmont 502:Pasadena 452:Eugenics 442:Highways 417:Maritime 329:a series 327:Part of 19685:Seattle 19675:Everett 19634:Lubbock 19619:El Paso 19614:Abilene 19556:Astoria 19460:Roswell 19450:Mesilla 19445:Lincoln 19334:Chadron 19281:Bozeman 19226:Wichita 19201:Abilene 19094:Yankton 18940:Phoenix 18907:Skagway 18782:Tex-Mex 18721:Outlaws 17810:Outlaws 17519:Seattle 17479:Irataba 17439:Cochise 17389:Yavapai 17359:Tonkawa 17319:Pequots 17249:Kutenai 17219:Hidatsa 17194:Cocopah 17179:Chinook 17149:Arikara 17144:Arapaho 17009:Curaçao 16994:Bonaire 16989:Bermuda 16919:Jamaica 16899:Grenada 16854:Bahamas 16772:Outline 16679:Cuisine 16656:Culture 16646:Welfare 16636:Smoking 16621:Poverty 16542:Society 16518:Tourism 16391:Economy 16365:Cabinet 16183:Islands 16178:Forests 16153:Climate 16143:Borders 15961:History 15893:Asiento 15864:Mustang 15724:Yucatán 15719:Chiapas 15599:Tucapel 15431:Passaro 15381:Algiers 15371:Preveza 15340:Tetouan 15335:Vitoria 15325:Bitonto 15265:Antwerp 15260:Lepanto 15215:Bicocca 14691:Economy 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8941:Culture 8691:Wyoming 8666:Vermont 8571:Montana 8511:Indiana 8491:Georgia 8486:Florida 8456:Arizona 8446:Alabama 8413:Regions 8335:Gay men 8107:Railway 8067:Slavery 7863:Banking 7857:Economy 7699:El Paso 7684:Orlando 7418:Détente 6579:Outline 6521:Alturas 6511:Jackson 6491:Willows 6406:Hanford 6346:Redding 6331:Ventura 6296:Vallejo 6281:Concord 6271:Visalia 6236:Hayward 6221:Salinas 6196:Ontario 6151:Fontana 6141:Modesto 6126:Fremont 6101:Anaheim 6091:Oakland 6048:By city 6028:Ventura 6013:Trinity 5753:Alameda 5728:Regions 5677:Slavery 5672:Ranchos 5343:May 15, 5314:May 15, 5149:May 15, 4193:May 18, 3561:Rogers 3264:May 16, 2132:passant 2128:rampant 2124:salient 2120:statant 2075:on the 1973:of the 1947:frigate 1896:Mermaid 1573:reward. 1305:Notable 1239:militia 667:Spanish 561:Regions 552:Visalia 497:Oakland 477:Anaheim 447:Slavery 357:Periods 191:by the 169:• 156:History 108:Capital 19609:Austin 19538:Wewoka 19435:Gallup 19379:Nevada 19301:Helena 19193:Kansas 19112:Angola 19031:Denver 19026:Creede 18983:Fresno 18950:Tucson 18902:Seward 18879:Alaska 18871:Places 18824:Tejano 18711:Lawmen 18053:Others 17863:Emmett 17704:Lawmen 17494:Massai 17379:Yakama 17374:Washoe 17364:Umpqua 17329:Pueblo 17309:Pawnee 17289:Navajo 17279:Mohave 17264:Mandan 17254:Lakota 17209:Dakota 17169:Cayuse 17139:Apache 16934:Panama 16924:Mexico 16869:Canada 16864:Belize 16793:Portal 16743:Sports 16674:Cinema 16604:People 16428:Energy 16291:Senate 16213:States 16208:Rivers 16148:Cities 15951: 15949:Mexico 15871:Castas 15629:Boyacá 15604:Guiana 15594:Iguape 15518:Recife 15456:Mactan 15451:Annual 15416:Rocroi 15411:Leiden 15396:Djerba 15330:Bailén 15285:Ostend 15270:Azores 14865:Legión 14830:Tercio 14823:Armies 14725:Escudo 14654:Panamá 14649:Mexico 14644:Manila 14599:Bogotá 14384:Vecino 14379:Syndic 14210:Béjaïa 14170:Africa 14156:Tidore 14044:Panama 14008:Belize 13915:Mexico 13841:Sicily 13837:Naples 13799:Europe 13505:Portal 13412:Hunger 13363:racism 13304:Issues 13178:Health 13080:Sports 13040:People 12885:Family 12856:wealth 12781:Cinema 12606:Mining 12591:Energy 12336:Cities 12304:County 12238:Tribal 11776:Senate 11620:powers 11516:rivers 11389:ranges 11357:states 11281:Postal 10682:(1850) 10670:(1846) 10658:(1840) 10634:(1827) 10577:(1819) 10571:(1817) 10559:(1812) 10553:(1810) 10535:(1794) 10170:Oregon 10125:Nevada 10065:Kansas 10040:Hawaii 9995:Alaska 9983:States 9884:Fresno 9856:cities 9824:Tulare 9814:Tehama 9809:Sutter 9799:Sonoma 9794:Solano 9784:Sierra 9779:Shasta 9714:Plumas 9709:Placer 9704:Orange 9699:Nevada 9674:Merced 9654:Madera 9644:Lassen 9604:Fresno 9584:Colusa 9569:Amador 9564:Alpine 9133:People 8966:sports 8933:Topics 8867:Portal 8821:Cities 8804:Cities 8626:Oregon 8581:Nevada 8521:Kansas 8496:Hawaii 8451:Alaska 8439:States 8365:Places 8127:Groups 8097:Lumber 8035:Fourth 8025:Second 7835:Sports 7820:Cinema 7789:Topics 7704:Uvalde 7674:Aurora 7669:Tucson 6593:Events 6501:Sonora 6496:Colusa 6461:Auburn 6436:Eureka 6421:Lompoc 6386:Madera 6366:Merced 6316:Downey 6261:Orange 6226:Pomona 6216:Corona 6146:Oxnard 6131:Irvine 6076:Fresno 6018:Tulare 6008:Tehama 6003:Sutter 5993:Sonoma 5988:Solano 5978:Sierra 5973:Shasta 5908:Plumas 5903:Placer 5898:Orange 5893:Nevada 5868:Merced 5848:Madera 5838:Lassen 5798:Fresno 5778:Colusa 5763:Amador 5758:Alpine 5364: 5188: 3886: 3446: 3412: 2882:Moscow 1970:Levant 1957:sloops 1943:Larkin 1857:Sonoma 1822:Moscow 1770:, 1846 1437:Sonoma 1393:pueblo 1340:Symbol 1288:(1846) 1264:Sonoma 1255:30–300 1193:Active 917:that: 815:, and 733:Sonoma 714:Brevet 686:Mexico 673:), or 487:Fresno 467:Cities 408:Topics 331:on the 223:15,000 189:Sonoma 175:Mexico 159: 131: 98:Status 19601:Texas 19586:Salem 19359:Omaha 19069:Fargo 18851:Jeans 18696:Gangs 18674:Lists 18627:feuds 18252:Rodeo 17384:Yaqui 17344:Sioux 17274:Modoc 17239:Kiowa 17189:Caddo 16984:Aruba 16909:Haiti 16779:Index 16726:Radio 16716:Music 16614:Women 16579:Flags 16564:Crime 16485:Peso 16188:Lakes 15766:Chile 15734:Petén 15709:Aztec 15528:Bahia 15503:Penco 15493:Cusco 15421:Downs 15401:Tunis 15320:Ceuta 15305:Breda 15255:Malta 15235:Tunis 15230:Pavia 14744:Trade 14659:Quito 14624:Cusco 14463:Chile 14198:Tunis 14145:Palau 14062:Chile 13993:Aruba 13988:Haiti 13922:] 13851:Milan 13809:Spain 13491:Index 13316:Crime 13186:Aging 13003:Names 12998:Music 12986:radio 12966:Media 12796:Dance 12786:Crime 12621:Trade 12378:Mayor 12327:Clerk 12295:Local 12037:State 11556:Yukon 11399:Rocky 11384:peaks 10758:Texas 10465:Tejas 10200:Texas 10080:Maine 10045:Idaho 9679:Modoc 9659:Marin 9634:Kings 9609:Glenn 9574:Butte 9165:Water 9035:fauna 9030:flora 8978:Crime 8951:music 8909:State 8656:Texas 8536:Maine 8501:Idaho 8329:LGBTQ 8322:Women 8092:Labor 8045:Sixth 8040:Fifth 8030:Third 8020:First 7825:Music 7567:NAFTA 6481:Yreka 6446:Ukiah 6361:Chico 5873:Modoc 5853:Marin 5828:Kings 5803:Glenn 5768:Butte 5589:Labor 5308:(PDF) 4697:–517. 4298:(PDF) 4291:(PDF) 3578:p. 25 3227:Notes 2698:one. 2598:(see 2442:Cyane 2247:Cyane 2191:Date 1963:Cyane 1825:' 1465:Leese 1384:, in 684:from 482:Chico 432:Bread 173:from 19591:Vale 19483:and 19397:Reno 19216:Hays 18960:Yuma 18897:Nome 18625:and 17950:John 17938:Cole 17855:Bill 17851:Grat 17575:and 17554:Tuvi 17324:Pima 17224:Hopi 17204:Crow 17054:Saba 16879:Cuba 16684:Wine 16333:LGBT 16235:Time 15771:Inca 15714:Maya 15649:Guam 15582:Lost 15354:Lost 15275:Mons 14715:Real 14639:Lima 14526:Cuba 14468:Cuba 14440:Perú 14216:and 14214:Ifni 14206:Oran 14129:Guam 14058:Acre 14054:Peru 13964:Cuba 13843:and 13055:Race 12900:list 12895:Flag 12434:list 12278:list 12189:list 12129:list 12082:list 12070:list 12046:and 11991:Navy 11981:Army 11851:list 11563:Time 11443:Gulf 10272:Guam 10205:Utah 10160:Ohio 10060:Iowa 9844:Yuba 9839:Yolo 9694:Napa 9684:Mono 9639:Lake 9629:Kern 9624:Inyo 8946:food 8724:Guam 8661:Utah 8616:Ohio 8516:Iowa 7991:Navy 7981:Army 7885:Flag 6371:Napa 6038:Yuba 6033:Yolo 5888:Napa 5878:Mono 5833:Lake 5823:Kern 5818:Inyo 5391:link 5362:ISBN 5345:2014 5331:(3). 5316:2014 5296:link 5273:link 5250:link 5216:2024 5186:ISBN 5151:2014 4977:2022 4306:2010 4272:2008 4221:2015 4195:2014 3916:2015 3884:ISBN 3854:2018 3661:CSMM 3601:2018 3444:ISBN 3410:ISBN 3349:2018 3266:2014 2460:The 2114:and 2096:Osos 2083:#7. 2014:USS 1968:USS 1966:and 1961:USS 1950:USS 1718:and 1594:USS 1509:The 1484:must 1471:and 1427:Don 1266:and 1252:Size 1244:Role 1236:Type 1211:1846 1070:USS 661:The 422:Wine 17946:Jim 17942:Bob 17859:Bob 17369:Ute 16669:Art 16475:Oil 16340:Law 15476:Won 15203:Won 14311:Law 14208:, 13928:), 13909:), 12954:ASL 12201:Law 11906:Law 11724:TSA 11709:ICE 11704:FBI 11699:DEA 11689:CBP 11684:ATF 11005:War 10431:or 9091:Law 8911:of 6777:War 5421:", 5417:, " 5329:XVI 4695:516 3880:165 3759:Ide 2602:). 1720:Oso 1698:to 707:in 696:in 457:Oil 111:N/A 19788:: 17948:, 17944:, 17940:, 17861:, 17857:, 17853:, 14212:, 14204:, 14200:, 14196:, 14192:, 14188:, 14143:, 14139:, 14135:, 14131:, 14127:, 14090:, 14078:, 14074:, 14060:, 14046:, 14042:, 14038:, 13970:, 13966:, 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