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artist. To feel connected to a celebrity, fans are likely to participate in activities the celebrity considers important. For example, if a benefit concert starred unknown musicians performing songs for unknown people in Africa, the incentive for viewers to donate would be minimal. Bob Geldof, the founder of Live Aid, is aware of the need of familiarity and para-social interaction on behalf of the viewer. When criticised for not inviting enough
African performers to play at Live Aid (of which the main purpose was famine relief for Africa), Geldof commented that only popular musicians were invited to play at the show because unfamiliar artists would cause viewers to lose interest and "switch off". In seeing the familiar face of their beloved artist on stage endorsing a cause, fans feel more compelled to support the cause.
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Furthermore, they propose that media events transform the ordinary role of the viewer into something more interactive where they adhere to the script of the event. All these principles of media events are true of benefit concerts. Benefit concerts interrupt the routine of people's lives because they occur (in most cases) for only for one night or for one week-end. Furthermore, they are broadcast as television spectacles that interrupt the regular scheduled programming on a given television network. Often, this kind of announced interruption has television viewers discussing the event with others beforehand, generating excitement around the event. Moreover, benefit concerts encourage audiences to adhere to their script, such as by phoning in donations or signing an online pledge.
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1096:. However, audio and video sales came in significantly under projections, and the trading arm of the charity (Operation Dinghy) incurred heavy losses. A few years later, the charity was wound up, and the audio and video sales rights from the concert performance returned to Waters. The show had a sell-out crowd of over 350,000 people, and before the performance started, the gates were opened, which let at least another 100,000 people watch. Guest artists
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Large-scale benefit concerts attract millions of viewers and are usually broadcast internationally. As powerful means of mass communication, they can be highly effective at raising funds and awareness for humanitarian causes. Media scholars Dayan and Katz classify benefit concerts as "media events":
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Critics also say that benefit concerts are just a way for the rich West to forgive itself by helping the poor and distressed. These critiques argue that concerts like the Live Aid "rob
Africans of agency, reinforces Western ethnocentrism and racisms and see famine as a natural disaster rather than as
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The presence of celebrities can draw criticism, but that is outweighed by the benefits. Some argue that pop stars only take part in charity to improve their public image. That, arguably, may be a motivation, but their participation can be essential to the event's success. Celebrities not only promote
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eight months earlier. The event was produced and cast by
British impresario and producer Tony Hollingsworth. It was staged partly at Waters' expense. While he subsequently earned the money back from the sale of the CD and video releases of the album, the original plan was to donate all profits past
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weekend, was dramatically reformatted over the course of 2011 and 2012; from the program's founding in 1966 until 2010, the program aired as a traditional long-form telethon over the course of 21 hours. By the time of the 2012 edition, its name was changed to the current moniker, its longtime host
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Dan
Laughey describes para-social interaction as "the apparent familiarity between media personalities and audiences". Seeing a favourite celebrity support a cause can influence fans to support the same cause—not because the cause is significant to the fans, but because it seems significant to the
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As media events, benefit concerts are widely broadcast and seen by millions of people. (The Live Aid charity concert in 1985, for example, was seen by an estimated 1.5 billion viewers worldwide.) However, this mass dissemination is only one of the factors that contribute to the success of benefit
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Dayan and Katz suggest that media events are an expression of a "neo-romantic desire for heroic action", meaning that media events produce leaders who inspire collective action with belief in the "power of the people" to change the world. Benefit concerts, therefore, have the potential to raise
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where discussions about the concert's cause can occur. The better the entertainment, the more people watch the concert, and thus the more people become aware of the cause. Furthermore, the music played in the concerts can lead spectators to interconnect and become more likely to act towards the
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Criticisms against benefit concerts go further than just criticizing the intentions of the celebrities involved. Some argue that benefit concerts are a wrong response for tragedies because the atmosphere involved on them is not one of mourning. Further criticism comes from those who argue that
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Benefit concerts are an effective form of gaining support and raising funds for a cause because of the large media coverage that they usually receive. In addition to the results they generate themselves, benefit concerts also generate a kind of cascading effect. That is, larger benefit concert
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Dayan and Katz define media events as shared experiences that unite viewers and call their attention to a particular cause or occasion. They argue that media events interrupt the flow people's daily lives, and that such events create a rise of interpersonal communication or "fellow feeling".
183:, to support an orphans' charity in London. While many composers and performers took part in concerts to raise donations for charitable causes, it was also not unusual in the 18th and 19th centuries for musicians to stage performances to raise funds for their own professional work, such as
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himself responded to criticisms about the lack of
African artists on the Live 8 by stating that, although those musicians produce great works, they do not sell many albums—and, for the sake of reaching as many people as possible, his concert had to include only popular artists.
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events, which both attracted billions of spectators. Scholars theorize that the observed increase on concert size since the Live Aid is happening because organizers strive to make their events as big as the tragedy at hand, thus hoping to gain legitimization that way.
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was ousted, and its format was reduced to a three-hour benefit concert for the
Muscular Dystrophy Association. The MDA announced the event's discontinuation in May 2015 in order to focus on other ways to raise support for the organization via mobile and digital media.
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The repetition of songs and the experience of singing, suggests
Bennett, can conjure up the meanings, identities and collectivities that enchant us and motivate our commitments. Bennett (2001: 133) detects in music the 'sonority' of language – in its (literal) sound
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Furthermore, the success of benefit concerts is tightly related to the quality of entertainment offered by them. To gain space and legitimization in the media, benefit concerts must have a large audience, the kind of large crowd attracted by famous music stars.
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Benefit concerts are a major example of celebrity charity for they involve popular musicians; actors and actresses; and other kinds of entertainment figures volunteering to a greater cause. The efficiency of celebrity charity is explained by the theory of
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June 12, 1982 – In New York City, 750,000 people marched from the UN to
Central Park to protest nuclear weapons – in what was probably the largest single protest in U.S. history. NYC was shut down for the day. The concert featured artists including
250:. His thesis explains that it is more beneficial to a cause that celebrities do not contribute by only donating their money, but by participating in event like benefit concerts. That way stars can inspire hundreds of thousands of others to give.
309:", might as well be the theme song for media events, as it nicely encompasses the tone of such occasions: "these ceremonies (media events) are so all-encompassing that there is nobody left to serve-as out-group".
2202:
Street, John, Seth Hague, and
Heather Savigny. 2008. "Playing to the Crowd: The Role of Music and Musicians in Political Participation." British Journal of Politics & International Relations 10, no. 2:
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Reed, T.V., (Author). 2001. "Famine, Apartheid and the politics of 'Agit-Pop': Music as (anti)colonial discourse." Cercles: Revue
Pluridisciplinaire Du Monde Anglophone no. 3: 96. RILM Abstracts of Music
1399:, a set of 8 concerts held in 8 cities around the world on the same day – as part of a campaign to persuade the G8 member governments to increase their fight to eradicate poverty in third-world countries.
258:: "The mobilization of pop stars and their fans behind a cause." Therefore, because of their visibility, celebrities are used by organizers as a mean to gain support to the cause in hand.
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279:, when people sing in the presence of other people, and that happens in benefit concerts, they become connected to each other and are more likely to work together towards a goal.
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The following is an incomplete list of benefit concerts with their own Knowledge page. For a more descriptive and inclusive list focusing on historically notable events, see
1632:. Note that while some of the listed concerts feature only one headliner and several supporting acts, other benefit concerts feature diverse lineups and are also considered
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enormous sums of money for a cause because of the para-social interaction that occurs between the performing celebrities (the leaders) and the spectating fans (the people).
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Hague, Seth, John Street, and Heather Savigny. 2008. "The Voice Of The People? Musicians As Political Actors." Cultural Politics (Bloomsbury Publishers) 4, no. 1: 5–23.
2124:
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Street, John. 2007. "Breaking the Silence: Music's Role in Political Thought and Action." Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 10, no. 3.
111:(e.g., concert, show, or gala) featuring musicians, comedians, or other performers that is held for a charitable purpose, often directed at a specific and immediate
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Benefit concerts can have both subjective and concrete objectives. Subjective objectives include raising awareness about an issue such as misery in Africa (such as
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was staged in London over four consecutive nights. This show expanded on its 1979 predecessor with appearances by multiple rock musicians including
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Geldofism turns celebrities into the only legitimate spokespeople for a cause, robbing the NGOs of the possibilities to speak up for a cause.
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The modern understanding of a benefit concert is of a large-scale, popular event put on to support a charitable or political cause. In the
2014:
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September 12, 2017 – A one-hour, commercial-free benefit concert television special for the relief efforts from the aftermath of
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January 12, 1918 – The Historic Concert for the Benefit of Widows and Orphans of Austrian and Hungarian Soldiers was held at the
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Davis, H. L. (2010). Feeding the World a Line?: Celebrity Activism and Ethical Consumer Practices From Live Aid to Product Red.
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406:, with posters designed by Josef Divéky. An estimated 1,100,000 Austro-Hungarian men, mostly unmarried, were killed in the war.
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218:. The format of most modern benefit concerts, involving many acts, was pioneered in 1985 with Bob Geldof's Live Aid.
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was staged in London over four consecutive nights. In addition to the usual comedic performers from
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Wells, Paul. 2005. "Songs For The Suffering." Maclean's 118, no. 3: 56. MAS Ultra – School Edition.
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shared experiences that unite viewers with one another and their societies. In fact, in their book
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John, Street (2012), "Politics as music: the sound of ideas and ideology", in Street, John (ed.),
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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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Historic Concert for the Benefit of Widows and Orphans of Austrian and Hungarian Soldiers (1918)
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series of events raising funds for – and awareness of – human rights issues. The show titled
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organised a concert in dedication to the 22 victims killed at her concert that was held on
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1483:. Proceeds from the concert went to charities supporting public education, generally the
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his initial investment to the Memorial Fund for Disaster Relief, a UK charity founded by
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The Wall – Live in Berlin (1990 July 21) Roger Waters (Memorial Fund for Disaster Relief)
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was a telethon in the style of a benefit concert organised in the aftermath of the
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305:, the authors suggest that the song synonymous with the Live Aid benefit concert, "
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134:). The two largest benefit concerts of all time, in size, were the Live 8 and the
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was a benefit concert organised as a tribute to the heroes and survivors of the
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2412:"A Billion Hands – Join The Fight Against Terror and For A Better Tomorrow"
2019:
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created a poster for the event, which was handed out free to the audience.
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Face to Face with Orchestra and Chorus: A Handbook for Choral Conductors
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over three consecutive nights. It was primarily a comedy gala starring
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2456:"12-12-12 Concert For Hurricane Sandy Victims Includes Music Royalty"
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concerts. The people who send the message for collective action are
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2259:, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, p. 133,
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The enchantment of modern life: attachments, crossings, and ethics
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motivate smaller concerts and other kinds of charity initiatives.
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Finally, the quality of entertainment is key to the creation of a
95:, a large, international series of benefit concerts staged in 2005
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August 12–13, 1972 – The Festival of Hope Rockfest took place at
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1168:. Cheshire opened the concert by blowing a World War II whistle.
2219:, Cambridge, U.K. Malden, Massachusetts: Polity Press, p.
2015:"How Handel's Messiah helped London's orphans – and vice versa"
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19:"Charity concert" redirects here. For the song in the musical
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catalytic philanthropy, they can produce an effect some call
1753:(1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003)
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2080:
Moses, Don V.; Demaree, Robert W.; Ohmes, Allen F. (2004).
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Society to benefit crippled children. The performers were:
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
2368:"Historical Concert for the Benefit of Widows and Orphans"
351:
In chronological order, beginning with the earliest date:
202:, the first benefit concert is generally seen as the 1971
2049:
George Smart and Nineteenth-Century London Concert Life
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that often have a social agenda or fund-raising focus.
1451:. All proceeds from the concert went to victims of the
988:
956:
126:). Concrete objectives include raising funds (such as
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who were victims of the tyrannical reign of dictator
155:(1971), the first modern, large-scale benefit concert
1847:
Shelter from the Storm: A Concert for the Gulf Coast
2526:
1487:. In 2011, the Rockdrive movement was initiated in
604:
A Gift of Song: The Music for UNICEF Concert (1979)
122:) and uplifting a nation after a disaster (such as
2126:The Solo Beatles Film & TV Chronicle 1971–1980
2081:
2079:
562:staged the first in what became its long-running
130:) and influencing legislation (such as Live 8 or
2911:
1011:and, at the final three concerts, a reunion of
614:: The Music for UNICEF Concert was held at the
2475:
2437:"– Locals Take Center Stage At Rockdrive 2010"
2327:Media Events: The Live Broadcasting of History
1609:(with later benefits also going to victims of
1208:, to pay homage to their deceased lead singer
867:benefit concerts – conceived and organised by
303:Media Events: The Live Broadcasting of History
2512:
2343:Nordic Journal of English Studies, 9(3) 67–87
1501:12-12-12: The Concert for Sandy Relief (2012)
552:A Poke in the Eye (With A Sharp Stick) (1976)
2159:"The Truth About Celebrity Benefit Concerts"
2111:beethoven benefit concert December 22, 1808.
1925:Hand in Hand: A Benefit for Hurricane Relief
1593:Hand in Hand: A Benefit for Hurricane Relief
1371:, held to prove that the city was safe from
317:Benefit concerts and para-social interaction
1617:
618:and broadcast worldwide to raise money for
2754:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis
2519:
2505:
2187:
1184:was organised by the surviving members of
1174:The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert (1992)
206:. Comprising two shows on the same day at
2483:"MDA ends Jerry Lewis Labor Day telethon"
2329:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
2290:"People & the Planet : Homepage"
2045:
2008:
2006:
666:. The concert was the idea of impresario
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
2337:
2335:
2180:
2178:
2052:. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 72–73.
2039:
1763:Diana, Princess of Wales Tribute Concert
1647:
776:The Secret Policeman's Other Ball (1981)
225:
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1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1636:. This list may have some overlap with
1343:July 30, 2003 – 450,000 spectators saw
574:was staged at Her Majesty's Theatre in
2912:
2453:
2122:
2012:
2003:
1509:12-12-12: The Concert for Sandy Relief
326:to a benefit concert's effectiveness.
2608:Charitable trust / Registered charity
2500:
2357:. New York, NY: Open University Press
2347:
2332:
2175:
2156:
1907:Michael Forever – The Tribute Concert
1787:United We Stand: What More Can I Give
1629:
1471:held Rockdrive for its third year in
2645:Public-benefit nonprofit corporation
2630:Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation
2306:
2212:
2088:. Indiana University Press. p.
1987:
1968:
1966:
1685:Concerts for the People of Kampuchea
1301:The Concert for New York City (2001)
221:
177:, and put on annual performances of
29:
1745:The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert
1485:Los Angeles Unified School District
1266:America: A Tribute to Heroes (2001)
1182:The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert
1077:and numerous guest artists, of the
1054:September 2 – October 15, 1988 The
1048:Human Rights Now! World Tour (1988)
346:
16:Type of musical benefit performance
13:
2454:Bauder, David (12 December 2012).
2325:Dayan, D., & Katz, E. (1992).
1853:From the Big Apple to the Big Easy
714:secured musical performances from
684:The Secret Policeman's Ball (1979)
362:(1749) and annual performances of
295:
210:, it was organized by and starred
14:
2931:
2864:Master of Nonprofit Organizations
2251:(2001), "Ethical energetics", in
2027:from the original on 25 July 2017
1963:
1799:Molson Canadian Rocks for Toronto
1323:and produced by a team including
983:US tour of six rock concerts for
973:Conspiracy of Hope US Tour (1986)
883:. Similar concerts were held in
795:The Secret Policeman's Other Ball
744:The Concerts for Kampuchea (1979)
478:. It was sponsored by the Nassau
412:The Concert for Bangladesh (1971)
382:, a children's charity in London.
275:cause. According to a theory, by
2394:"Rock Festivals on Upbeat Again"
2392:Heckman, Don (August 11, 1972).
1058:World tour of rock concerts for
828:Nuclear Disarmament Rally (1982)
464:Festival of Hope Rockfest (1972)
434:, performers included Harrison,
286:
167:purposes. In 1749, the composer
34:
2528:Charitable giving and practices
2447:
2429:
2404:
2385:
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2272:
2241:
2206:
2196:
1956:
1673:Aloha from Hawaii via Satellite
1337:The SARS Benefit Concert (2003)
903:September 22, 1985 – The first
624:International Year of the Child
616:United Nations General Assembly
2852:List of charitable foundations
2150:
2116:
2073:
2013:Howell, Caro (13 March 2014).
1841:A Concert for Hurricane Relief
1739:Concert for Democracy in China
1554:, which aired each year every
1425:A Billion Hands Concert (2008)
1073:A live concert performance by
1040:Birmingham Children's Hospital
1:
2635:Non-governmental organization
1974:"A world of charity concerts"
1931:A Concert for Charlottesville
1871:Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concert
1781:The Concert for New York City
1415:inspired and helped organise
1309:The Concert for New York City
337:
163:of concerts being staged for
1775:America: A Tribute to Heroes
1453:November 2008 Mumbai attacks
1274:America: A Tribute to Heroes
728:The No Nukes concerts (1979)
430:. Conceived and produced by
124:America: A Tribute to Heroes
7:
1661:John Sinclair Freedom Rally
1212:and to raise money for the
792:benefits. The show titled
703:The Secret Policeman's Ball
700:benefits. The show titled
10:
2936:
2805:Charity / thrift / op shop
2681:Charity (Christian virtue)
2355:Key Themes in Media Theory
2294:www.peopleandtheplanet.com
1655:The Concert for Bangladesh
1621:
1523:to benefit the victims of
1313:September 11, 2001 attacks
1278:September 11, 2001 attacks
915:to raise money for family
752:The Concerts for Kampuchea
488:Sly & The Family Stone
420:The Concert for Bangladesh
398:. Its patrons were Kaiser
142:
18:
2777:
2729:Animal Charity Evaluators
2714:
2673:
2595:
2534:
1624:Category:Benefit concerts
786:staged the fourth of its
359:Foundling Hospital Anthem
174:Foundling Hospital Anthem
2129:. Lulu.com. p. 31.
2046:Carnelley, John (2015).
1807:(2003, 2005, 2007, 2008)
1679:Music for UNICEF Concert
1618:List of benefit concerts
1220:. Among the performers:
1216:, a fund for victims of
694:staged the third of its
590:and others. Produced by
1901:Help for Heroes Concert
1877:A Billion Hands Concert
1751:Pavarotti & Friends
1519:. Proceeds went to the
1441:A Billion Hands Concert
1319:. It was initiated by
1200:) which took place at
1038:to raise money for the
987:. Performers included
789:Secret Policeman's Ball
782:September 9–12, 1981 –
750:December 26–29, 1979 –
697:Secret Policeman's Ball
626:. Performers included
565:Secret Policeman's Ball
374:Staged by the composer
2847:Ethics of philanthropy
2840:Psychological barriers
2640:Nonprofit organization
1811:Tsunami Relief Cardiff
1638:list of free festivals
1521:Robin Hood Relief Fund
1031:concert was held near
979:June 4–15, 1986 – The
907:concert, organised by
648:Earth, Wind & Fire
610:January 9, 1979 – The
376:George Frideric Handel
244:Catalytic Philanthropy
238:
204:Concert For Bangladesh
169:George Frideric Handel
156:
153:Concert For Bangladesh
96:
56:by rewriting it in an
2665:Voluntary association
2660:Religious corporation
2372:World Digital Library
2123:Pieper, Jörg (2009).
1727:Bridge School Benefit
1648:Rock and pop concerts
1513:Madison Square Garden
1272:September 21, 2001 –
1214:Mercury Phoenix Trust
1060:Amnesty International
1027:March 15, 1986 – The
985:Amnesty International
927:. There have been 19
784:Amnesty International
734:September 1979 – The
692:Amnesty International
560:Amnesty International
484:Ike & Tina Turner
424:Madison Square Garden
404:Zita of Bourbon-Parma
229:
208:Madison Square Garden
150:
107:is a type of musical
91:
2810:Click-to-donate site
2674:Charity and religion
2443:on October 30, 2012.
2353:Laughey, D. (2007).
2157:Pomerantz, Dorothy.
1937:Fire Fight Australia
1793:Thrash of the Titans
1757:Music for Montserrat
1721:A Conspiracy of Hope
1613:the following week).
1534:MDA Show of Strength
1507:December 12, 2012 –
1467:December 11, 2010 –
1361:SARS Benefit Concert
1152:, along with actors
1021:Heart Beat 86 (1986)
1009:the Neville Brothers
931:concerts as of 2007.
863:July 13, 1985 – The
738:concerts in New York
400:Charles I of Austria
283:a political issue".
185:Ludwig van Beethoven
1949:Concert for Ukraine
1943:Global Citizen Live
1919:One Love Manchester
1566:One Love Manchester
1461:Rockdrive (ongoing)
1431:December 5, 2008 –
1307:October 20, 2001 –
943:May 17, 1986 – The
925:Champaign, Illinois
690:June 27–30, 1979 –
396:Konzerthaus, Vienna
113:humanitarian crisis
109:benefit performance
2835:Effective altruism
2820:Donor-advised fund
2785:Alternative giving
2764:Giving What We Can
2739:Charity assessment
2716:Charity evaluation
2552:Charity (practice)
2398:The New York Times
2216:Music and politics
1913:Stand Up To Cancer
1895:Hope for Haiti Now
1705:(annual from 1985)
1693:(annual from 1982)
1345:The Rolling Stones
1288:by the four major
1282:World Trade Center
1130:Marianne Faithfull
981:Conspiracy of Hope
656:Kris Kristofferson
640:Olivia Newton-John
558:April 1–3, 1976 –
492:Jefferson Airplane
476:Westbury, New York
380:Foundling Hospital
378:in support of the
239:
159:Examples exist in
157:
97:
58:encyclopedic style
45:is written like a
2907:
2906:
2879:Visiting the sick
2744:Charity Navigator
2724:Aid effectiveness
2655:Social enterprise
2577:Humanity (virtue)
1859:Concert for Diana
1691:Party in the Park
1405:Live Earth (2007)
1180:April 20, 1992 –
1056:Human Rights Now!
845:Bruce Springsteen
758:, benefiting the
756:Hammersmith Odeon
754:were held at the
588:Beyond The Fringe
571:A Poke in the Eye
536:Elephant's Memory
472:Roosevelt Raceway
418:August 1, 1971 –
222:Celebrity charity
86:
85:
78:
2927:
2920:Benefit concerts
2899:Warm-glow giving
2894:Wall of kindness
2884:Voluntary sector
2521:
2514:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2439:. Archived from
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2414:. Archived from
2408:
2402:
2401:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2364:
2358:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2330:
2323:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2286:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2210:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2087:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2010:
2001:
1998:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1970:
1733:Human Rights Now
1603:Hurricane Harvey
1584:Manchester Arena
1433:Anoushka Shankar
1365:Toronto, Ontario
1325:Harvey Weinstein
1094:Leonard Cheshire
947:concert held in
875:– took place in
532:McKendree Spring
347:Notable examples
307:We Are the World
81:
74:
70:
67:
61:
38:
37:
30:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2889:Volunteer grant
2830:Earning to give
2790:Benefit concert
2773:
2769:GreatNonprofits
2710:
2669:
2599:
2591:
2530:
2525:
2495:
2494:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2461:Huffington Post
2452:
2448:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2421:
2419:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2352:
2348:
2340:
2333:
2324:
2307:
2298:
2296:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2246:
2242:
2231:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2176:
2167:
2165:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2121:
2117:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2011:
2004:
1999:
1988:
1979:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1650:
1634:music festivals
1626:
1620:
1611:Hurricane Maria
1574:June 4, 2017 –
1525:Hurricane Sandy
1411:July 7, 2007 –
1387:July 2, 2005 –
1210:Freddie Mercury
1202:Wembley Stadium
1122:Sinéad O'Connor
937:Self Aid (1986)
913:John Mellencamp
897:Farm Aid (1985)
857:Live Aid (1985)
668:Robert Stigwood
432:George Harrison
349:
340:
319:
298:
296:As media events
289:
224:
212:George Harrison
161:musical history
145:
105:charity concert
101:benefit concert
82:
71:
65:
62:
54:help improve it
51:
39:
35:
28:
25:Evita (musical)
17:
12:
11:
5:
2933:
2923:
2922:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2869:Matching funds
2866:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2849:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2778:Further topics
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2720:
2718:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2610:
2604:
2602:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2501:
2493:
2492:
2489:. May 1, 2015.
2474:
2446:
2428:
2403:
2384:
2359:
2346:
2331:
2305:
2281:
2271:
2265:
2240:
2229:
2205:
2195:
2186:
2174:
2149:
2135:
2115:
2098:
2072:
2058:
2038:
2002:
1986:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1642:rock festivals
1630:the list above
1619:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1607:Hurricane Irma
1598:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1571:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1539:
1538:
1529:
1528:
1504:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1464:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1428:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1408:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1384:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1321:Paul McCartney
1304:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1269:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1258:George Michael
1177:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1070:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1051:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1005:Jackson Browne
976:
975:
969:
968:
940:
939:
933:
932:
923:, was held in
900:
899:
893:
892:
860:
859:
853:
852:
841:Linda Ronstadt
837:Jackson Browne
831:
830:
824:
823:
779:
778:
772:
771:
747:
746:
740:
739:
731:
730:
724:
723:
716:Pete Townshend
687:
686:
680:
679:
612:A Gift of Song
607:
606:
600:
599:
555:
554:
548:
547:
544:Commander Cody
540:The James Gang
467:
466:
460:
459:
422:took place at
415:
414:
408:
407:
391:
390:
384:
383:
371:
370:
348:
345:
339:
336:
318:
315:
297:
294:
288:
285:
248:Paul Schervish
233:, who led the
223:
220:
144:
141:
84:
83:
66:September 2019
42:
40:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2932:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2800:Charity fraud
2798:
2796:
2795:Caffè sospeso
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2600:organizations
2594:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2517:
2515:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2488:
2484:
2478:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2418:on 2011-03-12
2417:
2413:
2407:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2356:
2350:
2344:
2338:
2336:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2275:
2268:
2266:9780691088136
2262:
2258:
2254:
2253:Bennett, Jane
2250:
2249:Bennett, Jane
2244:
2237:
2232:
2230:9780745635446
2226:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2209:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2179:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2138:
2136:9781409283010
2132:
2128:
2127:
2119:
2112:
2101:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2076:
2061:
2059:9781783270644
2055:
2051:
2050:
2042:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2009:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1975:
1969:
1967:
1962:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:Cocierto Alas
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1823:Selena ¡Vive!
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:Heart Beat 86
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:Ariana Grande
1573:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:New York City
1514:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:Live 8 (2005)
1379:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1357:The Guess Who
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1290:United States
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:Roger Daltrey
1251:
1250:Liza Minnelli
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:Guns N' Roses
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
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1191:
1187:
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1178:
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1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1154:Albert Finney
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:Joni Mitchell
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1081:studio album
1080:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1029:Heart Beat 86
1026:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1010:
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1002:
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994:
990:
986:
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950:
946:
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938:
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934:
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926:
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921:United States
918:
914:
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909:Willie Nelson
906:
902:
901:
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829:
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821:
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790:
785:
781:
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777:
774:
773:
769:
765:
761:
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753:
749:
748:
745:
742:
741:
737:
733:
732:
729:
726:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
704:
699:
698:
693:
689:
688:
685:
682:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
652:Rita Coolidge
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
622:and mark the
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:
605:
602:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
572:
567:
566:
561:
557:
556:
553:
550:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
528:Stephen Still
525:
521:
520:Looking Glass
517:
513:
512:Billy Preston
509:
505:
504:The Shirelles
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
468:
465:
462:
461:
457:
453:
452:Billy Preston
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:New York City
425:
421:
417:
416:
413:
410:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
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389:
386:
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331:
327:
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314:
310:
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304:
293:
287:Effectiveness
284:
280:
278:
273:
272:public sphere
268:
265:
259:
257:
251:
249:
245:
237:event in 1985
236:
232:
228:
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217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
196:
194:
192:
186:
182:
181:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:philanthropic
162:
154:
149:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
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2650:Service club
2625:Crowdfunding
2587:Volunteering
2582:Philanthropy
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2465:. Retrieved
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2374:. 2014-02-10
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2020:The Guardian
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1976:. 2007-02-16
1957:Bibliography
1915:(biannually)
1889:Sound Relief
1640:, which are
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1142:Paul Carrack
1126:Cyndi Lauper
1118:Van Morrison
1106:Garth Hudson
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436:Ravi Shankar
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2572:Fundraising
2535:Main topics
2467:17 December
2279:Literature.
1829:Tsunami Aid
1580:22 May 2017
1545:Jerry Lewis
1542:The former
1536:(2012–2014)
1473:Los Angeles
1437:Jethro Tull
1329:Jann Wenner
1238:Def Leppard
1222:David Bowie
1190:John Deacon
1150:Bryan Adams
1114:the Hooters
1089:Berlin Wall
710:, producer
676:David Frost
660:Rod Stewart
644:John Denver
592:John Cleese
500:James Brown
496:Chuck Berry
448:Ringo Starr
2857:wealthiest
2613:Foundation
2598:charitable
2557:Compassion
2422:2008-12-07
2378:2014-06-22
2299:2020-03-11
2168:2020-03-11
2099:0253216990
1980:2018-11-22
1865:Live Earth
1622:See also:
1481:Troubadour
1477:California
1417:Live Earth
1395:organised
1389:Bob Geldof
1293:television
1226:Elton John
1166:Ute Lemper
1158:Jerry Hall
1102:Levon Helm
1098:Rick Danko
1079:Pink Floyd
1033:Birmingham
1013:the Police
965:the Pogues
869:Bob Geldof
820:Bob Geldof
584:Peter Cook
338:Criticisms
264:Bob Geldof
231:Bob Geldof
200:modern era
171:wrote his
136:Live Earth
2596:Types of
2487:USA Today
1556:Labor Day
1489:Nashville
1393:Midge Ure
1295:networks.
1230:Metallica
1194:Brian May
1162:Tim Curry
1134:Scorpions
997:Joan Baez
873:Midge Ure
808:Jeff Beck
636:Andy Gibb
524:Bo Diddly
508:Sha-na-na
440:Bob Dylan
368:(1749–59)
324:essential
256:Geldofism
2914:Category
2874:Telethon
2759:GiveWell
2696:Tzedakah
2562:Donation
2547:Altruism
2236:effects.
2203:269–285.
2025:Archived
1715:Self Aid
1703:Farm Aid
1697:Live Aid
1667:Wattstax
1551:Telethon
1317:New York
1110:the Band
1084:The Wall
1001:Lou Reed
945:Self Aid
929:Farm Aid
905:Farm Aid
865:Live Aid
764:Cambodia
760:citizens
736:No Nukes
672:Bee Gees
632:Bee Gees
516:Dr. Hook
235:Live Aid
191:Akademie
132:Farm Aid
128:Live Aid
2701:Sadaqah
2618:Private
2567:Empathy
2255:(ed.),
2142:27 July
2105:27 July
2065:27 July
2031:25 July
1817:WaveAid
1582:at the
1479:at the
1413:Al Gore
1280:on the
1242:Extreme
1036:England
953:Ireland
919:in the
917:farmers
816:Donovan
768:Pol Pot
365:Messiah
193:concert
180:Messiah
143:History
52:Please
2734:Candid
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2163:Forbes
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1835:Live 8
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1568:(2017)
1445:Mumbai
1397:Live 8
1369:Canada
1206:London
949:Dublin
889:Moscow
885:Sydney
877:London
843:, and
674:, and
670:, the
620:UNICEF
576:London
542:, and
120:Live 8
93:Live 8
23:, see
2815:Drive
2706:Zakat
2691:Tithe
1805:46664
1493:Miami
1449:India
1439:held
1349:AC/DC
1186:Queen
993:Sting
800:Sting
189:1808
21:Evita
2686:Dāna
2542:Alms
2469:2012
2261:ISBN
2225:ISBN
2144:2017
2131:ISBN
2107:2017
2094:ISBN
2067:2017
2054:ISBN
2033:2017
1605:and
1491:and
1435:and
1391:and
1373:SARS
1353:Rush
1327:and
1284:and
1256:and
1218:AIDS
1196:and
1164:and
1148:and
1104:and
963:and
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718:and
628:ABBA
594:and
356:The
214:and
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2221:150
2090:178
1548:MDA
1515:in
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1108:of
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