1741:(commonly known as "heat") at intervals of about 3–9 weeks, and is receptive for 3–6 days. After a gestation period of 104–106 days, 1–4 cubs are born in a shelter situated in tall grass, thick bush or in caves. Newborn cubs weigh 780 to 1,600 g (1.72 to 3.53 lb) and they have a thick woolly fur that is shed after 3.5–5 months. Their eyes and ears are closed. Their milk teeth start to erupt at about 2–3 weeks after birth, and are slowly replaced by permanent dentition from 8.5 to 9.5 weeks of age onwards. They suckle for 3–6 months, and begin to eat small amounts of solid food at about 2 months of age. At this time, they follow their mother on her hunting expeditions and begin to take part in hunting at 5–6 months of age. At the age of 2–3 years, they slowly start to separate from the family group and become transient, looking out for an area where they can establish their own home range. Young males move farther away from their native home range than young females. Once the family group has split, the mother comes into heat again.
1511:
the resident females left her territory to one of her female offspring and took over an adjoining area by displacing another female; and a displaced female managed to re-establish herself in a neighbouring territory made vacant by the death of the resident. Of 11 resident females, 7 were still alive at the end of the study period, two disappeared after losing their territories to rivals, and two died. The initial loss of two resident males and subsequent take over of their home ranges by new males caused social instability for two years. Of four resident males, one was still alive and three were displaced by rivals. Five litters of cubs were killed by infanticide, two litters died because they were too young to fend for themselves when their mothers died. One juvenile tiger was presumed dead after being photographed with severe injuries from a deer
2181:
have been killed in a year. Now, through WildTeam's work, there is a boat-based Tiger
Response team that provides first aid, transport, and body retrieval support for people being killed in the forest by tigers. WildTeam has also set up 49 volunteer Village Response Teams that are trained to save tigers that have strayed into the village areas and would be otherwise killed. These village teams are made up of over 350 volunteers, who are also now supporting anti-poaching work and conservation education/awareness activities. WildTeam also works to empower local communities to access the government funds for compensating the loss/injury of livestock and people from the conflict. To monitor the conflict and assess the effectiveness of actions, WildTeam have also set up a human-tiger conflict data collection and reporting system.
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bitten off by a rival male. This specimen could not be weighed, but it was estimated to weigh about 272 kg (600 lb). A male weighing 259 kg (570 lb) was shot in northern India in the 1930s. A male tiger shot in Nepal weighed 320 kg (710 lb) and measured 328 cm (10 ft 9 in) 'over the curves'. The heaviest wild tiger was possibly a huge male killed in 1967 at the foothills of the
Himalayas. It weighed 388.7 kg (857 lb) after eating a buffalo calf; it measured 323 cm (127 in) in total length between pegs, and 338 cm (133 in) over curves. Without eating the calf beforehand, it would have likely weighed at least 324.3 kg (715 lb). This specimen is on exhibition in the Mammals Hall of the
1300:
Information is lacking on many aspects of
Sundarbans tiger ecology, including relative abundance, population status, spatial dynamics, habitat selection, life history characteristics, taxonomy, genetics, and disease. There is also no monitoring program in place to track changes in the tiger population over time, and therefore no way of measuring the response of the population to conservation activities or threats. Most studies have focused on the tiger-human conflict in the area, but two studies in the Sundarbans East Wildlife sanctuary documented habitat-use patterns of tigers, and abundances of tiger prey, and another study investigated tiger parasite load. Some major threats to tigers have been identified. The tigers living in the Sundarbans are threatened by
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220:
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53:
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weighed on average 190 kg (420 lb) with a range of 167–234 kg (368–516 lb); their total length was 282 cm (111 in) with a range of 267–312 cm (105–123 in), and their average shoulder height was 99 cm (39 in); 39 adult female Bengal tigers weighed an average of 132 kg (291 lb) with a maximum of 156 kg (344 lb) and an average total length of 254 cm (100 in) ranging from 239 to 277 cm (94 to 109 in). Several scientists indicated that adult male Bengal tigers in the
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into marginal habitat after the 1950s, when the conversion of natural habitat for paddy fields increased. Marauding tigers began to take a toll of human life in areas bordering cultivation. They are thought to have followed domestic livestock that wintered in the plains when they returned to the hills in the spring, and then being left without prey when the herds dispersed back to their respective villages. These tigers were the old, the young and the disabled. All suffered from some disability, mainly caused either by gunshot wounds or
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1494:
75:
1287:
inferred that the total tiger population comprised approximately 200 individuals. Home ranges of adult female tigers were recorded comprising between 12 and 14 km (4.6 and 5.4 sq mi), which would indicate an approximate carrying capacity of 150 adult females. The small home range of adult female tigers and consequent high density of tigers in this habitat type relative to other areas may be related to both the high density of prey and the small size of the
Sundarban tigers.
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538:
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553:
819:
612:
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1985:
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7692:
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prey. Resident adults of either sex maintain home ranges, confining their movements to definite habitats within which they satisfy their needs and those of their cubs, which include prey, water and shelter. In this site, they also maintain contact with other tigers, especially those of the opposite sex. Those sharing the same ground are well aware of each other's movements and activities. In
8027:
1824:: a male tiger was trapped and killed in a wire snare; a tigress died of electrocution after chewing at an electric cable supplying power to a water pump; another dead tigress found in Kanha Tiger Reserve landscape was suspected to have been poisoned. In 2021, Bangladeshi police arrested a poacher suspected of killing 70 Bengal tigers during a period of 20 years.
1859:-gathering season. Tigers in the Sunderbans presumably attacked humans who entered their territories in search of wood, honey or fish, thus causing them to defend their territories. The number of tiger attacks on humans may be higher outside suitable areas for tigers, where numerous people are present, but with little wild prey for tigers.
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home range by one animal is correlated with a shift of another. Shifts from less suitable habitat to better ones are made by animals that are already resident. New animals become residents only as vacancies occur when a former resident moves out or dies. There are more places for resident females than for resident males.
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indicating that they may have adapted to the unique conditions of the mangrove habitat. Their small sizes are probably due to a combination of intense intraspecific competition and small size of prey available to tigers in the
Sundarbans, compared to the larger deer and other prey available to tigers in other parts.
1863:
intra-specific competition among male tigers. An interview survey with 499 local people in
Chitwan revealed that lower caste Hindus and people with less than eight years of formal education had negative attitudes to the tiger; most of them owned livestock and had heard about tigers attacking people and livestock.
1878:. Chief Wildlife Warden of Kerala ordered the hunt for the animal after mass protests erupted as the tiger had been carrying away livestock. The Forest Department had constituted a special task force to capture the animal with the assistance of a 10-member Special Tiger Protection Force and two trained
2851:
Luo, S. J.; Kim, J.; Johnson, W. E.; van der Walt, J.; Martenson, J.; Yuhki, N.; Miquelle, D. G.; Uphyrkina, O.; Goodrich, J. M.; Quigley, H. B.; Tilson, R.; Brady, G.; Martelli, P.; Subramaniam, V.; McDougal, C.; Hean, S.; Huang, S.; Pan, W.; Karanth, U.; Sunquist, M.; Smith, J. L. D. & O'Brien,
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from their natal areas earliest at the age of 19 months. Of the 14 subadults studied, the four females stayed closer to their mother's home range than the 10 males. The latter dispersed between 9.5 and 65.7 km (5.9 and 40.8 mi). None of them crossed open cultivated areas that were more than
1920:
becomes mainstreamed into the rural development agenda. In Nepal a community-based tourism model has been developed with a strong emphasis on sharing benefits with local people and on the regeneration of degraded forests. The approach has been successful in reducing poaching, restoring habitats, and
1838:
The Indian subcontinent has served as a stage for intense confrontations between tigers and people. At the beginning of the 19th century tigers were so numerous, that the killing of tigers was officially rewarded in many localities. The Terai region supported large numbers of tigers that were pushed
1501:
The home ranges occupied by adult male residents tend to be mutually exclusive, even though one of these residents may tolerate a transient or sub-adult male at least for a time. A male tiger keeps a large territory in order to include the home ranges of several females within its bounds, so that he
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survey was conducted across six sites in the
Bangladesh Sundarbans to estimate tiger population density. The average of these six sites provided an estimate of 3.7 tigers per 100 km (39 sq mi). Since the Bangladesh Sundarbans is an area of 5,770 km (2,230 sq mi), it was
524:
Subadult males weigh between 130 and 170 kg (290 and 370 lb) and reach 200–260 kg (440–570 lb) when adult; subadult females weigh 80–100 kg (180–220 lb) and reach between 110 and 180 kg (240 and 400 lb) when adult. In central India, 42 adult male Bengal tigers
4482:
Poudyal, L.; Yadav, B.; Ranabhat, R.; Maharjan, S.; Malla, S.; Lamichhane, B.R.; Subba, S.; Koirala, S.; Shrestha, S.; Gurung, A.; Paudel, U.; Bhatt, T. & Giri, S. (2018). Status of Tigers and Prey in Nepal (Report). Kathmandu, Nepal: Department of
National Parks and Wildlife Conservation &
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Mukul, S. A.; Alamgir, M.; Sohel, M. S. I.; Pert, P. L.; Herbohn, J.; Turton, S. M.; Khan, M. S. I.; Munim, S. A.; Reza, A. A. & Laurance, W. F. (2019). "Combined effects of climate change and sea-level rise project dramatic habitat loss of the globally endangered Bengal tiger in the
Bangladesh
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Results of scat analyses indicate that the Bengal tigers in
Nagarahole National Park preferred prey weighing more than 176 kg (388 lb) and that on average tiger prey weighed 91.5 kg (202 lb). The prey species included chital, sambar, wild pig and gaur. Gaur remains were found in
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in the Bangladesh Sundarbans to monitor changes in the Bangladesh tiger population and assess the effectiveness of conservation actions. This survey measures changes in the frequency of tiger track sets along the sides of tidal waterways as an index of relative tiger abundance across the Sundarbans
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In the beginning of the 20th century, a male tiger was shot in central India with a head and body length of 221 cm (87 in) between pegs, a chest girth of 150 cm (59 in), a shoulder height of 109 cm (43 in) and a tail length of 81 cm (32 in), which was perhaps
2727:
Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O'Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.;
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by 40%. The government's first tiger census, conducted under the Project Tiger initiative begun in 1973, counted 1,827 tigers in the country that year. Using that methodology, the government observed a steady population increase, reaching 3,700 tigers in 2002. However, the use of more reliable and
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During seven years of camera trapping, tracking, and observational data in Chitwan National Park, six to nine breeding tigers, two to sixteen non-breeding tigers, and six to twenty young tigers of less than one year of age were detected in the study area of 100 km (39 sq mi). One of
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rights with them. Spacing among females is less complete. Typically there is partial overlap with neighbouring female residents. They tend to have core areas, which are more exclusive, at least for most of the time. Home ranges of both males and females are not stable. The shift or alteration of a
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The basic social unit of the tiger is composed of a female and her offspring. Adult animals congregate only temporarily when special conditions permit, such as plentiful supplies of food. Otherwise, they lead solitary lives, hunting individually for the forest and grassland animals upon which they
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WildTeam is working with local communities and the Bangladesh Forest Department to reduce human-tiger conflict in the Bangladesh Sundarbans. For over 100 years people, tigers, and livestock have been injured and killed in the conflict; in recent decades up to 50 people, 80 livestock, and 3 tigers
2012:
across the tiger's distribution in the country. Funds and commitment were mustered to support the intensive program of habitat protection and rehabilitation under the project. By the late 1980s, the initial nine reserves covering an area of 9,115 square kilometres (3,519 sq mi) had been
1862:
In Nepal, the incidence of man-eating tigers has been only sporadic. In Chitwan National Park no cases were recorded before 1980. In the following few years, 13 people have been killed and eaten in the park and its environs. In the majority of cases, man-eating appeared to have been related to an
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In most cases, Bengal tigers approach their victim from the side or behind from as close a distance as possible and grasp the prey's throat to kill it. Then they drag the carcass into cover, occasionally over several hundred metres, to consume it. The nature of the tiger's hunting method and prey
1489:
In the Panna Tiger Reserve, an adult radio-collared male tiger moved 1.7 to 10.5 km (1.1 to 6.5 mi) between locations on successive days in winter, and 1 to 13.9 km (0.62 to 8.64 mi) in summer. His home range was about 200 km (77 sq mi) in summer and 110 km
1787:
and revenge killing. Farmers blame tigers for killing cattle and shoot them. Their skins and body parts may however become a part of the illegal trade. In Bangladesh, tigers are killed by professional poachers, local hunters, trappers and villagers. Each group of people has different motives for
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were employed to estimate site-specific densities of tiger, co-predators and prey. Based on the result of these surveys, the total tiger population was estimated at 1,411 individuals ranging from 1,165 to 1,657 adult and sub-adult tigers of more than 1.5 years of age. Across India, six landscape
520:
The Bengal tiger ranks among the biggest wild cats alive today. Males and female Bengal tigers in Panna Tiger Reserve reach a head-to-body length of 183–211 cm (72–83 in) and 164–193 cm (65–76 in) respectively, including a tail about 85–110 cm (33–43 in) long. Total
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passed by the Indian government in 2006 grants some of India's most impoverished communities the right to own and live in the forests, which likely brings them into conflict with wildlife and under-resourced, under-trained, ill-equipped forest department staff. In the past, evidence showed that
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due to a large predator. Tiger paw prints were found on pastures around several villages. One tiger was shot in 1996, and about 4–5 tigers were reported by officials in the area by 1999. About 8–12 tigers were thought to remain in this area a decade later. A camera trapping and interview survey
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in the early 1970s had an average weight of 235 kg (518 lb) ranging from 200 to 261 kg (441 to 575 lb), and that of the females was 140 kg (310 lb) ranging from 116 to 164 kg (256 to 362 lb). Two male tigers captured in Chitwan National Park in the 1980s
2055:
153 million to further fund the Project Tiger initiative, set up a Tiger Protection Force to combat poachers, and fund the relocation of up to 200,000 villagers to minimise human-tiger interaction. Indian tiger scientists have called for use of technology in the conservation efforts. In 2022,
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collars, were some of the smallest recorded for tigers, indicating that the Bangladesh Sundarbans could have one of the highest densities and largest populations of tigers anywhere in the world. They are isolated from the next tiger population by a distance of up to 300 km (190 mi).
548:
Three tigresses from the Bangladesh Sundarbans had a mean weight of 76.7 kg (169 lb). The oldest female weighed 75 kg (165 lb) and was in a relatively poor condition at the time of capture. Their skulls and body weights were distinct from those of tigers in other habitats,
2228:, with the tigers believed to be unable to hunt. Stuart Bray, who had originally invested a large sum of money in the project, claimed that he and his wife, Li Quan, watched the film crew " the prey up against the fence and into the path of the tigers just for the sake of dramatic footage."
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in poached skins and body parts between India, Nepal and China. The governments of these countries have failed to implement adequate enforcement response, and wildlife crime remained a low priority in terms of political commitment and investment for years. There are well-organised gangs of
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was established with an area of 550 km (210 sq mi). The government aimed at doubling the country's tiger population by 2022 at the Global Tiger Summit in 2010. The tiger population reached 355 in 2022, almost tripling the population of 121 in 2009.
2171:
population of Bengal tigers at 210 individuals that are all kept in Indian zoos, except for one female in North America. Completion of the Indian Bengal Tiger Studbook is a necessary prerequisite to establishing a captive management program for tigers in India.
1815:
raided a meeting of suspected poachers, traders and couriers. One of the arrested persons was the biggest buyer of Indian tiger parts who sold them to Chinese buyers, using women from a nomadic tribe as couriers. In 2009, none of the 24 tigers residing in the
2214:
trained captive-bred tiger cubs how to stalk, hunt, associate hunting with food and regain their predatory instincts. They claimed that once the tigers proved that they can sustain themselves in the wild, they would be released into a free-range sanctuary of
1370:. Between November 2017 and April 2018, the third nationwide survey for tiger and prey was conducted in the Terai Arc Landscape; the country's population was estimated at 220–274 tigers. As of 2022, 316–355 individuals were estimated to live in the country.
968:
landscape there are six populations with an estimated population size of 259 to 335 individuals in an area of 5,080 km (1,960 sq mi) of forested habitats, which are located in Rajaji and Corbett National Parks, in the connected habitats of
1854:
ones, who do not search for humans but will, if they encounter a man, attack, kill and devour him. In areas where opportunistic man-eaters were found, the killing of humans was correlated with their availability, most victims being claimed during the
511:
The greatest skull length of a tiger is 351 mm (13.8 in) in males and 293 mm (11.5 in) in females. It has exceptionally stout teeth. Its canines are 7.5 to 10 cm (3.0 to 3.9 in) long and thus the longest among all cats.
1795:
is the reason for the unrelenting poaching pressure on tigers on the Indian subcontinent. For at least a thousand years, tiger bones have been an ingredient in traditional medicines that are prescribed as a muscle strengthener and treatment for
1229:
As of 2014, the Indian tiger population was estimated to range over an area of 89,164 km (34,426 sq mi) and number 2,226 adult and subadult tigers older than one year. About 585 tigers were present in the Western Ghats, where
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Saif, S.; Russell, A. M.; Nodie, S. I.; Inskip, C.; Lahann, P.; Barlow, A.; Barlow Greenwood, C.; Islam, M. A. & MacMillan, D. C. (2016). "Local usage of Tiger parts and its role in Tiger killing in the Bangladesh Sundarbans".
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recorded a tiger pair at elevations of 3,000 to 4,100 m (9,800 to 13,500 ft). As of 2015, the tiger population in Bhutan was estimated at 89 to 124 individuals in a survey area of 28,225 km (10,898 sq mi).
1490:(42 sq mi) in winter. Included in his home range were the much smaller home ranges of two females, a tigress with cubs and a subadult tigress. They occupied home ranges of 16 to 31 km (6.2 to 12.0 sq mi).
1362:, across an area of 4,841 km (1,869 sq mi) in 14 districts. The country's tiger population was estimated at 163–235 breeding adults comprising 102–152 tigers in the Chitwan-Parsa protected areas, 48–62 in Bardiya-
992:
highlands there are 17 populations with an estimated population size of 437 to 661 individuals in an area of 48,610 km (18,770 sq mi) of forested habitats, which are located in the landscapes of Kanha-Pench,
2121:. In the 1990s, some tigers from this area were observed to have the typical appearance of Siberian tigers, namely a large head, pale fur, white complexion, and wide stripes, and were suspected to be Siberian–Bengal tiger
1694:
44.8% of all tiger scat samples, sambar remains in 28.6%, wild pig remains in 14.3% and chital remains in 10.4% of all scat samples. In Bandipur National Park, gaur and sambar together also constituted 73% of tiger diet.
1729:
The tiger in India has no definite mating and birth seasons. Most young are born in December and April. Young have also been found in March, May, October and November. In the 1960s, certain aspects of tiger behaviour at
1246:
that facilitate connectivity between protected areas. By 2018, the population had increased to an estimated 2,603–3,346 individuals. As of 2022, the Indian population was estimated to comprise 3,167–3,682 individuals.
4530:
6433:
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foothills at an elevation of 200 m (660 ft) in the south to over 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in the temperate forests in the north. Their stronghold appears to be the country's central belt between the
4462:
Dhakal, M.; Karki (Thapa), M.; Jnawali, S. R.; Subedi, N.; Pradhan, N. M. B.; Malla, S.; Lamichhane, B. R.; Pokheral, C. P.; Thapa, G. J.; Oglethorpe, J.; Subba, S. A.; Bajracharya, P. R. & Yadav, H. (2014).
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length ranges from 283 to 311 cm (111 to 122 in) for male tigers and 255–285 cm (100–112 in) for female tigers. They typically range from 90–110 cm (35–43 in) in shoulder height.
6508:
1702:
made about 40–50 kills a year and ate a minimum of 5–6.3 kg (11–14 lb) of meat a day. Two males made about 40–50 kills in a year and ate 6.3–7.8 kg (14–17 lb) of meat a day at the least.
6016:
5751:
4272:
Barlow, A.; Ahmed, M. I. U.; Rahman, M. M.; Howlader, A.; Smith, A. C. & Smith, J. L. D. (2008). "Linking monitoring and intervention for improved management of tigers in the Sundarbans of Bangladesh".
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centres. Buyers choose the skins from dealers or tanneries and smuggle them through a complex interlinking network to markets outside India, mainly in China. Other factors contributing to their loss are
2016:
Through this initiative the population decline was reversed initially, but has resumed in recent years; India's tiger population decreased from 3,642 in the 1990s to just over 1,400 from 2002 to 2008.
465:
The Bengal tiger's coat is yellow to light orange, with stripes ranging from dark brown to black; the belly and the interior parts of the limbs are white, and the tail is orange with black rings. The
2004:
was launched aiming at ensuring a viable tiger population in the country and preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage for the people. The project's task force visualised these
3693:
1778:
professional poachers, who move from place to place and set up camp in vulnerable areas. Skins are rough-cured in the field and handed over to dealers, who send them for further treatment to Indian
5105:"Predator–prey relationships and responses of ungulates and their predators to the establishment of protected areas: A case study of tigers, leopards and their prey in Bardia National Park, Nepal"
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landscape there is a single population with an estimated population size of 49 to 57 individuals in a 7,772 km (3,001 sq mi) habitat in three separate forest blocks located in the
6313:
6042:
Jnawali, S.R.; Baral, H.S.; Lee, S.; Acharya, K.P.; Upadhyay, G.P.; Pandey, M.; Shrestha, R.; Joshi, D.; Laminchhane, B.R.; Griffiths, J.; Khatiwada, A.P.; Subedi, N. & Amin, R. (2011). "
2927:
Xu, X.; Dong, G. X.; Schmidt-Küntzel, A.; Zhang, X. L.; Zhuang, Y.; Fang, R.; Sun, X.; Hu, X.S.; Zhang, T. Y.; Yang, H. D.; Zhang, D. L.; Marker, L.; Jiang, Z.-F.; Li, R.; Luo, S.-J. (2017).
1079:
landscape there are seven populations with an estimated population size of 336 to 487 individuals in a forested area of 21,435 km (8,276 sq mi) in three major landscape units
829:
In the 20th century, Indian censuses of wild tigers relied on the individual identification of footprints known as pug marks – a method that has been criticised as deficient and inaccurate.
1449:
river, but only during the dry season from October to March. In early 2019, a Bengal tiger was photographed twice at an elevation of 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in a broadleaved forest in
1391:
in the west and the Kulong River in the east ranging in elevation from 2,000 to 3,500 m (6,600 to 11,500 ft). By 2015, Bhutan's tiger population was estimated at 103 individuals.
298:
As of 2022, the Bengal tiger population was estimated at 3,167–3,682 individuals in India, 316–355 individuals in Nepal, 131 individuals in Bhutan and around 114 individuals in Bangladesh.
3139:
1343:
The tiger population in the Terai of Nepal is split into three isolated subpopulations that are separated by cultivation and densely settled habitat. The largest population lives in
6781:
6749:
2063:
In January 2008, the Government of India launched a dedicated anti-poaching force composed of experts from Indian police, forest officials and various other environmental agencies.
1966:
could be used to host tigers that are imported from India. The last tiger in Cambodia was photographed in 2007 by a camera trap. In 2016, the Cambodian government declared that the
1912:
composed of dry forest foothills and tall-grass savannas harbour tigers in a 49,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi) landscape. The goals are to manage tigers as a single
580:
at the end of the 19th century allegedly measured more than 370 cm (12 ft). But at the time, sportsmen had not yet adopted a standard system of measurement; some measured
1807:
has documented 893 cases of tigers killed in India, which is just a fraction of the actual poaching and trade in tiger parts during those years. In 2004, all the tigers in India's
6173:
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2222:
The project has received controversy after accusations by their investors and conservationists of manipulating the behaviour of the tigers for the purpose of a film production,
1308:, tiger-human conflict, and direct tiger loss. By 2017, this population was estimated at 84–158 individuals. As of 2018, 114 individuals were estimated to live in the country.
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2008:
as breeding nuclei, from which surplus animals would disperse to adjacent forests. The selection of areas for the reserves represented as close as possible the diversity of
6441:
2231:
The four tigers involved in this project have been confirmed to be crossbred Siberian–Bengal tigers, which should neither be used for breeding nor being released into the
1295:
landscape. By 2009, the tiger population in the Bangladesh Sundarbans was estimated as 100–150 adult females or 335–500 tigers overall. Female home ranges, recorded using
5938:
4172:
3484:
Slaght, J. C.; Miquelle, D. G.; Nikolaev, I. G.; Goodrich, J. M.; Smirnov, E. N.; Traylor-Holzer, K.; Christie, S.; Arjanova, T.; Smith, J. L. D.; Karanth, K. U. (2005).
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and adjacent unprotected habitat farther west, extending to within 15 km (9.3 mi) of the Shuklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, which harbours the smallest population.
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while others measured 'over the curves'. The greatest length of a tiger skull measured 41.3 cm (16.25 in) "over the bone"; this one was shot in the vicinity of
4084:
1932:
to form a global campaign, "Save Tigers Now", with the ambitious goal of building political, financial and public support to double the wild tiger population by 2022.
6199:
1180:, tigers were recorded in 2017 up to an elevation of 3,630 m (11,910 ft) in snow. Ranthambore National Park hosts India's westernmost tiger population. The
2013:
increased to 15 reserves covering an area of 24,700 square kilometres (9,500 sq mi). More than 1100 tigers were estimated to inhabit the reserves by 1984.
1753:
within the Bengal tiger range is large enough to support an effective population size of 250 individuals. Habitat losses and the extremely large-scale incidences of
492:. In fact, there is only one fully authenticated case of a true albino tiger, and none of black tigers, with the possible exception of one dead specimen examined in
1846:
In the Sundarbans, 10 out of 13-man-eaters recorded in the 1970s were males, and they accounted for 86% of the victims. These man-eaters have been grouped into the
1270:
As of 2004, population estimates in Bangladesh ranged from 200 to 419 individuals, most of them in the Sundarbans. This region is the only mangrove habitat in this
5741:
6914:
5410:
Thirteen years among the wild beasts of India: their haunts and habits from personal observations; with an account of the modes of capturing and taming elephants
5142:
Prachi, M. & Kulkarni, J. (2006). Monitoring of Tiger and prey population dynamics in Melghat Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra, India (Report). Pune: Envirosearch.
4503:. Kathmandu, Nepal: Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation and Department of Forests and Soil Conservation. Ministry of Forests and Environment.
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Booklet on Growth Data of Physical Characteristics and Use of Tranquilization/Antidote Drugs, Induction Time, Reversal Time for Free Ranging Royal Bengal Tiger (
691:
study using 134 samples from tigers across the global range suggest that the historical northeastern distribution limit of the Bengal tiger is the region in the
4828:
Yuan, W.; Wulin, L.; Feng, L.; Sheng, L.; Xuelin, Z.; Zhigang, J.; Limin, F. & Bingzhang, L. (2019). "Investigation on the population of wild Bengal tiger (
1274:, where tigers survive, swimming between islands in the delta to hunt prey. Bangladesh's Forest Department is raising mangrove plantations supplying forage for
6020:
3924:
3861:"First photographic record of tiger presence at higher elevations of the Mishmi Hills in the Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot, Arunachal Pradesh, India"
3486:"Chapter 6. Who's king of the beasts? Historical and contemporary data on the body weight of wild and captive Amur tigers in comparison with other subspecies"
1698:
availability results in a "feast or famine" feeding style: they often consume 18–40 kg (40–88 lb) of meat at one time. In one study, tigresses from
6862:
4008:
2310:
dynasties respectively, and Chola copper plate inscriptions showing the three together indicate that the Cholas had achieved political supremacy over them.
3711:
2729:
4597:
Wang, S.W. & Macdonald, D.W. (2009). "The use of camera traps for estimating tiger and leopard populations in the high altitude mountains of Bhutan".
2595:
Caroli Linnæi Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I
1208:
6345:
5681:
6323:
7217:
5647:
Sankar, K.; Qureshi, Q.; Nigam, P.; Malik, P. K.; Sinha, P. R.; Mehrotra, R. N.; Gopal, R.; Bhattacharjee, S.; Mondal, K. & Shilpi Gupta (2010).
4353:
2047:
Following the revelation that only 1,411 Bengal tigers existed in the wild in India, down from 3,600 in 2003, the Indian government set up eight new
1351:
encompassing an area of 2,543 km (982 sq mi) of prime lowland forest. To the west, the Chitwan population is isolated from the one in
727:
grasslands. The latter habitat once covered a huge swath of grassland, riverine and moist semi-deciduous forests along the major river system of the
5292:
3748:
2152:
contributed by Bengal and Siberian tigers. However, samples of two hybrid specimens constituted a too small sample base to conclusively assume that
683:
about 20,000 years ago. The tiger probably arrived too late in southern India to colonise Sri Lanka, which earlier had been connected to India by a
6837:
5608:
Hemley, G. & Mills, J. A. (1999). "The beginning of the end of tigers in trade?". In Seidensticker, J.; Christie, S. & Jackson, P. (eds.).
5177:
4308:
Aziz, M. A.; Tollington, S.; Barlow, A.; Greenwood, C.; Goodrich, J. M.; Smith, O.; Shamsuddoha, M.; Islam, M. A. & Groombridge, J. J. (2017).
3980:
3816:
3341:
391:: the northern clade comprises the Siberian and Caspian tiger populations, and the southern clade all remaining continental tiger populations. The
1191:
In May 2018, a tiger was recorded in Sahyadri Tiger Reserve for the first time in eight years. In February 2019, a tiger was sighted in Gujarat's
433:
in the Bengal tiger corresponds to the premise that it arrived in India approximately 12,000 years ago. This is consistent with the lack of tiger
7941:
6363:
1445:
during 2013–2018 in nine potential sites in Mêdog County revealed that only 1–3 non-resident individuals might be entering the area south of the
5037:
5649:"Monitoring of reintroduced tigers in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Western India: preliminary findings on home range, prey selection and food habits"
1916:, the dispersal of which between core refuges can help maintain genetic, demographic, and ecological integrity, and to ensure that species and
545:
The smallest recorded weights for Bengal tigers are from the Bangladesh Sundarbans, where adult females weigh 75–80 kg (165–176 lb).
6232:
3899:
1428:
estimate of 0.19–0.31 tigers per 100 km (39 sq mi) by March 2015. As of 2022, the population was estimated at 131 individuals.
8346:
6295:
4586:. Thimphu: Nature Conservation Division, Department of Forests, Ministry of Agriculture, Royal Government of Bhutan and WWF Bhutan Programme.
2074:
from Gujarat. Since no lion has been transferred from Gujarat to Madhya Pradesh so far, it may be used as a sanctuary for the tiger instead.
1130:
flood plains and northeastern hills tigers live in an area of 4,230 km (1,630 sq mi) in several patchy and fragmented forests;
7658:
2044:
for the 2007–2008 all-India census has shown that the numbers were in fact less than half than originally claimed by the Forest Department.
675:, which is dated to about 16,500 years ago and tentatively considered to be of a tiger. Tigers appear to have arrived in Sri Lanka during a
247:
subspecies and the nominate tiger subspecies. It ranks among the biggest wild cats alive today. It is estimated to have been present in the
4504:
4040:
1315:
is projected to cause a severe loss of suitable habitat for this population in the following decades, around 50% by 2050 and 100% by 2070.
1203:
and travelled about 300 km (190 mi) over two years. It probably died of starvation. In May 2019, camera traps recorded tigers in
6789:
6759:
6456:
3151:
2656:
596:. In the Central Provinces of India, a male tiger shot weighed 317 kg (699 lb) and measured 3.02 m (9 ft 11 in).
7844:
7527:
7486:
7045:
Brittlebank, K. (May 1995). "Sakti and Barakat: The Power of Tipu's Tiger. An Examination of the Tiger Emblem of Tipu Sultan of Mysore".
5900:
1734:
indicated that the peak of sexual activity was from November to about February, with some mating probably occurring throughout the year.
5354:
3599:
7680:
6419:
6282:
7453:
3905:(Report). New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, and Wildlife Institute of India. Archived from
1686:
were found in the stomachs and scat of tigers in the Sundarbans. One in Chitwan National Park has been reported to have hunted three
6611:
5451:
Goodrich, J.; Wibisono, H.; Miquelle, D.; Lynam, A.J.; Sanderson, E.; Chapman, S.; Gray, T.N.E.; Chanchani, P.; Harihar, A. (2022).
3824:. TR 08/001. National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi; Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. Archived from
8281:
4986:
1788:
killing tigers, ranging from profit and excitement to safety concerns; and has access to the illegal wildlife trade in body parts.
6883:
6696:
4427:
Smith, J. L. D.; Ahern, S. C. & McDougal, C. (1998). "Landscape Analysis of Tiger Distribution and Habitat Quality in Nepal".
2302:
coins. The presence on many coins of a tiger, a fish, and a bow suggests they are Chola issues. The latter two emblems are of the
1638:, tigers killed 20 rhinoceros in 2007. In 2011 and 2014, two instances of Bengal tigers killing adult elephants were recorded; in
8432:
8307:
7088:
Sramek, J. (2006). "'Face Him Like a Briton': Tiger Hunting, Imperialism, and British Masculinity in Colonial India, 1800–1875".
5919:
3694:"Where can tigers live in the future? A framework for identifying high-priority areas for the conservation of tigers in the wild"
6261:. In: Tilson, R. L., Seal, U. S., Minnesota Zoological Garden, IUCN/SSC Captive Breeding Group, IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group.
5965:
4181:
4948:
Barlow, A. C. D.; McDougal, C.; Smith, J. L. D.; Gurung, B.; Bhatta, S. R.; Kumal, S.; Mahato, B. & Tamang, D. B. (2009).
2638:
2136:
indicating that their mother was a Bengal tiger. Skin, hair and blood samples from 71 tigers collected in Indian zoos, in the
1603:
form a small part of its diet. Because of the encroachment of humans into tiger habitat, it also preys on domestic livestock.
8338:
7029:
7000:
6970:
6727:
5959:
5785:
5617:
5391:
4932:
4787:
Zhang, E.; Schaller, G.B.; Zhi, L. & Zhang, H. (2002). "Tiger predation on livestock in Gedang, Medog, southeast Tibet".
4664:"Tiger reappearance in Bhutan's Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary: a case for maintaining effective corridors and metapopulations"
4155:
3705:
3451:
3283:
3050:
3017:
2650:
1792:
1049:
861:
8312:
5491:
4310:"Using non-invasively collected genetic data to estimate density and population size of tigers in the Bangladesh Sundarbans"
4075:
8422:
7294:
5776:
McDougal, C. (1987). "The man-eating tigers in geographical historical perspective". In Tilson, R. L.; Seal, U. S. (eds.).
3304:
Barlow, A.; Mazák, J.; Ahmad, I. U.; Smith, J. L. D. (2010). "A preliminary investigation of Sundarbans tiger morphology".
2730:"A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group"
1804:
1398:
647:. Today, it inhabits India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and southwestern China. It is estimated to have been present in the
6059:. The National Red List Series. Kathmandu, Nepal: Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation. pp. 73–74.
956:
complexes were surveyed that host tigers and have the potential to be connected. These landscapes comprise the following:
8407:
7934:
3235:
Smith, J. L. D.; Sunquist, M. E.; Tamang, K. M.; Rai, P. B. (1983). "A technique for capturing and immobilizing tigers".
1401:
form the largest contiguous tiger conservation area in Bhutan representing subtropical to alpine habitat types. In 2010,
35:
4137:
8417:
7919:
6812:
4046:(Report). New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority, Government of India, Wildlife Institute of India.
2082:
6118:
1706:
If injured, old or weak, or when its regular prey species become scarce, Bengal tigers often attack humans and become
739:. Today, the best examples of this habitat type are limited to a few blocks at the base of the outer foothills of the
7201:
6064:
5435:
5216:
1096:
1084:
929:
5990:
8246:
7276:
6097:
8351:
6646:
4704:
1515:. The remaining young lived long enough to reach dispersal age, two of them becoming residents in the study area.
457:
406:
Results of a genetic analysis of 32 tiger samples indicate that the Bengal tiger samples grouped into a different
8059:
7520:
7332:
6922:
6866:
6393:
4807:
4241:
home range size in the Bangladesh Sundarbans: the value of this mangrove ecosystem for the species' conservation"
2410:
2020:
1092:
937:
1413:, which is the highest elevation record of a tiger known to date. In 2017, a tiger was recorded for the time in
8392:
7958:
7927:
7673:
6945:
6594:
6538:"Subspecies Genetic Assignments of Worldwide Captive Tigers Increase Conservation Value of Captive Populations"
6270:
5310:
Karanth, K. U. & Sunquist, M. E. (1995). "Prey selection by tiger, leopard and dhole in tropical forests".
4753:
Department of Forests and Park Services (2023). "National Tiger Survey 2021–22". Thimphu: Government of Bhutan.
3115:
2023:
enables government agencies to take strict measures so as to ensure the conservation of the Bengal tigers. The
1231:
1045:
497:
8051:
7993:
7988:
7688:
5689:
4036:
3895:
3812:
2087:
31:
17:
7478:
920:
represent the less common tiger habitats, being largely limited to the upland areas and wetter parts of the
7225:
6051:
2094:
Bengal tigers have been captive bred since 1880 and widely crossed with tigers from other range countries.
1450:
1414:
1018:
857:
788:
6258:
4703:
Tempa, T.; Hebblewhite, M.; Goldberg, J.F.; Norbu, N.; Wangchuk, T.R.; Xiao, W. & Mills, L.S. (2019).
4349:
3845:
Estimation of tiger population in an intensive study area of Pakke Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, India
3553:
Cooper, D. M.; Dugmore, A. J.; Gittings, B. M.; Scharf, A. K.; Wilting, A. & Kitchener, A. C. (2016).
3468:
8437:
8333:
2549:
2024:
1588:
1153:
1104:
803:
802:
was the last stronghold of the tiger by the late 19th century; the last individuals were shot in 1906 in
6845:
5185:
4636:(Report). Thimphu, Bhutan: Department of Forests and Park Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Forests.
3825:
3787:
3692:
Wikramanayake, E.D.; Dinerstein, E.; Robinson, J.G.; Karanth, K.U.; Rabinowitz, A.; et al. (1999).
3359:
534:
exceeded weights of 270 kg (600 lb) and are the largest free ranging tigers reported to date.
8402:
7513:
6509:"Stalemate on translocation of Gir lions Kuno Palpur in Madhya Pradesh to be used as tiger habitat now"
2057:
1925:
1875:
1367:
1120:
784:
6371:
4113:
3597:
1774:
1168:
in northeastern India, stretching over at least 14,500 km (5,600 sq mi) across several
529:
consistently attain more than 227 kg (500 lb) of body weight. Seven adult males captured in
8397:
7696:
7666:
5937:
Damania, R.; Seidensticker, J.; Whitten, T.; Sethi, G.; Mackinnon, K.; Kiss, A.; Kushlin, A. (2008).
5154:
2556:
2542:
2353:
2295:
2141:
2064:
1993:
1939:
This population of tigers has been assessed at the local level in several countries. It is listed as
1639:
1410:
1394:
1305:
1296:
1204:
1065:
1022:
1014:
799:
736:
426:
74:
7018:"The tiger in human consciousness and its significance in crafting solutions for tiger conservation"
6263:
Tigers of the world: the biology, biopolitics, management, and conservation of an endangered species
5778:
Tigers of the World: The Biology, Biopolitics, Management, and Conservation of an Endangered Species
5475:
5010:
4662:
Thinley, P.; Dendup, T.; Rajaratnam, R.; Vernes, K.; Tempa, K.; Chophel, T. & Norbu, L. (2020).
2928:
1424:
Bhutan's tiger population was estimated at 90 individuals comprising 60 females and 30 males with a
8387:
7905:
7863:
7429:
5165:]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 95–202.
3906:
2428:
2338:
2318:
2314:
1963:
1867:
1592:
1134:
283:. Today, it inhabits India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and southwestern China. It is threatened by
4647:
Jigme, K. & Tharchen, L. (2012). "Camera-trap records of tigers at high altitudes in Bhutan".
2612:
2586:
30:
This article is about a tiger population. For other uses of 'Bengal tiger' and related terms, see
7750:
7637:
5510:
4235:
Barlow, A.; Smith, J. L. D.; Ahmad, I. U.; Hossain, A. N.; Rahman, M. & Howlader, A. (2011).
4122:
3929:
3409:
3368:
2476:
2005:
1643:
1635:
1437:
1157:
1116:
1100:
1026:
913:
893:
873:
869:
593:
4632:
Dorji, S.; Thinley, P.; Tempa, T.; Wangchuk, N.; Tandin; Namgyel, U. & Tshewang, S. (2015).
4495:
4083:. New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India.
219:
8208:
8067:
7131:
6466:
5234:"Sundarban Tiger − a new prey species of estuarine crocodile at Sundarban Tiger Reserve, India"
5005:
4063:. New Delhi, Dehradun: National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India.
3952:
3383:
3174:) population in a semi-arid region of western India. Appendix 1: Field Guide for Ageing Tigers"
3168:
Sadhu, A.; Jayam, P.P.C.; Qureshi, Q.; Shekhawat, R. S.; Sharma, S. & Jhala, Y. V. (2017).
2670:
Wilting, A.; Courtiol, A.; Christiansen, P.; Niedballa, J.; Scharf, A. K.; et al. (2015).
2460:
2423:
2137:
1955:
1883:
1282:
has continued on a small scale in the Sundarbans. From October 2005 to January 2007, the first
1260:
1235:
1200:
1145:
1108:
1088:
1010:
978:
974:
943:
933:
909:
885:
849:
823:
243:
197:
3034:
8121:
8086:
7718:
7642:
7017:
6990:
6644:
5038:"Diet and prey profiles of three sympatric large carnivores in Bandipur Tiger Reserve, India"
4892:
Smith, J. L. D. (1993). "The role of dispersal in structuring the Chitwan tiger population".
3335:
3276:
Return of the Unicorns: Natural History and Conservation of the Greater-One Horned Rhinoceros
3271:
2726:
2464:
2236:
1944:
1808:
1474:
1352:
1344:
1323:
1239:
1226:
forests. The population in the Indian Sundarbans was estimated as 86–90 individuals in 2018.
1080:
1006:
998:
994:
982:
925:
881:
772:
764:
752:
530:
485:
373:
325:
292:
8325:
6645:
Shankaranarayanan, P.; Banerjee, M.; Kacker, R. K.; Aggarwal, R. K. & Singh, L. (1997).
4705:"The spatial distribution and population density of Tigers in mountainous terrain of Bhutan"
4115:
Ecology and conservation of the Bengal tiger in the Sundarbans Mangrove forest of Bangladesh
3691:
8268:
8043:
7868:
7828:
7494:
6549:
5856:
5574:
5516:(Report). London: Environmental Investigation Agency, Wildlife Protection Society of India.
5319:
5116:
4719:
4675:
4606:
4549:
4436:
4385:
4321:
4282:
4136:
Sanderson, E.; Forrest, F.; Loucks, C.; Ginsberg, J.; Dinerstein, E.; et al. (2010) .
3763:
3749:"Science deficiency in conservation practice: the monitoring of tiger populations in India"
3570:
3519:
2812:
2763:
2752:"Genome-wide evolutionary analysis of natural history and adaptation in the world's tigers"
2683:
2672:"Planning tiger recovery: Understanding intraspecific variation for effective conservation"
2380:
2329:
in late 18th-century India, was also a great admirer of the animal. The famed 18th-century
2114:
1917:
1030:
1002:
970:
776:
756:
748:
437:
from the Indian subcontinent prior to the late Pleistocene, and the absence of tigers from
351:
347:
7461:
6174:"India and Cambodia Sign Pact For Tiger Translocation As Project Tiger Completes 50 Years"
6080:
3747:; Nichols, J. D.; Seidensticker, J.; Dinerstein, E.; Smith, J. L. D.; et al. (2003).
3611:
3483:
791:. Tiger densities in these TCUs are high, in part because of the extraordinary biomass of
8:
8412:
7135:
6754:
6623:
3877:
3860:
2565:
2190:
1820:
were left because of excessive poaching. In November 2011, two tigers were found dead in
1817:
1731:
1663:
1482:
1363:
1359:
1348:
1301:
1173:
1149:
1141:
1112:
905:
901:
892:
are probably some of the most productive habitats for tigers and their prey, and include
877:
865:
853:
845:
768:
760:
712:
648:
381:
337:
248:
61:
7949:
6553:
5860:
5578:
5323:
5120:
4723:
4679:
4634:
Counting the Tigers in Bhutan: Report on the National Tiger Survey of Bhutan 2014 – 2015
4610:
4553:
4440:
4389:
4325:
4286:
3767:
3574:
3523:
2816:
2767:
2687:
2337:
was also created for him. The tiger was the dynastic symbol of this dynasty. During the
1773:
The most significant immediate threat to the existence of wild tiger populations is the
1737:
Males reach maturity at 4–5 years of age, and females at 3–4 years. A Bengal comes into
1335:
1242:
with about 215 tigers. The Central Indian tiger population is fragmented and depends on
508:
that has a pale golden fur with red-brown stripes. The mutants are very rare in nature.
7998:
7804:
7394:
7113:
7105:
7070:
7062:
6891:
6704:
6677:
6536:
Luo, S.; Johnson, W. E.; Martenson, J.; Antunes, A.; Martelli, P.; et al. (2008).
6486:
6318:
5877:
5844:
5590:
5408:
5335:
5076:
4735:
4409:
3957:
3779:
3662:
3637:
3535:
3531:
3323:
3306:
3252:
3219:
3195:
3096:
3009:
2956:
2828:
2824:
2704:
2671:
2456:
2239:, as they are not used for breeding, and are not allowed to be released into the wild.
2224:
2168:
1959:
1899:
1425:
1196:
1052:
and the adjacent proposed Gundla Brahmeshwara National Park, and forest patches in the
572:, had a body length of 371 cm (12 ft 2 in) at death. Two tigers shot in
69:
7505:
7248:
5452:
2884:
2853:
2252:
1486:
10 km (6.2 mi) wide, but moved through prime alluvial and forested habitat.
8255:
8180:
8129:
8094:
7972:
7398:
7197:
7117:
7074:
7025:
6996:
6992:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
6966:
6941:
6669:
6590:
6567:
6266:
6200:"50 years of Project Tiger: India considers translocating a few big cats to Cambodia"
6140:
6060:
5955:
5882:
5781:
5613:
5594:
5431:
5387:
5212:
5104:
5056:
4928:
4920:
4739:
4633:
4561:
4464:
4448:
4401:
4151:
4058:
3843:
3701:
3667:
3653:
3598:
Manamendra-Arachchi, K.; Pethiyagoda, R.; Dissanayake, R.; Meegaskumbura, M. (2005).
3447:
3279:
3234:
3169:
3046:
3013:
2997:
2961:
2889:
2781:
2709:
2646:
2509:
2494:
2402:
2326:
2126:
2098:
1967:
1929:
1871:
1779:
1761:
1631:
1418:
1243:
1127:
732:
708:
700:
696:
565:
430:
6681:
5704:
5293:"In Nepal, endangered tiger kills critically endangered gharial. What does it mean?"
4861:"Camera-trap surveys reveal high diversity of mammals and pheasants in Medog, Tibet"
4413:
4397:
3783:
3539:
3506:
Kitchener, A. C. & Dugmore, A. J. (2000). "Biogeographical change in the tiger,
3327:
3199:
2832:
2317:
of Bangladesh and India. Bangladeshi banknotes feature a tiger. The political party
2235:. Tigers that are not genetically pure will not be able to participate in the tiger
1936:
started its campaign in 12 different WWF Tiger priority landscapes, since May 2010.
358:
between populations in those regions is considered to have been possible during the
8260:
8006:
7812:
7796:
7726:
7386:
7097:
7054:
6661:
6557:
6152:
5947:
5872:
5864:
5842:
5660:
5582:
5544:
5470:
5327:
5271:
5124:
5085:
5052:
5015:
4965:
4901:
4872:
4841:
4764:
Qiu, M.; Zhang, M. & Liu, W. (1997). "A preliminary study on the Bengal tiger (
4727:
4683:
4614:
4557:
4461:
4444:
4393:
4329:
4290:
4252:
4234:
4215:
3872:
3771:
3744:
3657:
3649:
3578:
3527:
3315:
3244:
3185:
3086:
3005:
2951:
2943:
2879:
2869:
2820:
2771:
2699:
2691:
2439:
2342:
2149:
2129:
sequence analysis. Results revealed that the tigers in question had a Bengal tiger
2122:
1615:
1611:
1181:
917:
889:
837:
780:
716:
692:
652:
252:
6737:(Report). New Delhi, Dehradun: Central Zoo Authority, Wildlife Institute of India.
5586:
4271:
3485:
1718:
1461:
1409:
In 2008, a tiger was recorded at an elevation of 4,200 m (13,800 ft) in
8427:
8359:
7820:
7612:
7591:
7159:
7141:
6938:
A history of South India : from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar
6513:
6017:"Global Tiger Conservation initiative kick started Conservation Campaign in 2010"
5633:
5425:
5128:
4731:
4618:
4483:
Department of Forests and Soil Conservation, Ministry of Forests and Environment.
4374:
4294:
3167:
2874:
2435:
2389:
2367:
2345:
ran a political cartoon showing the Indian rebels as a tiger attacking a victim.
2334:
2303:
1879:
1627:
1580:
1478:
1446:
680:
573:
310:
180:
6364:"Tigers flown by helicopter to Sariska reserve to lift numbers in western India"
4334:
4309:
4307:
4220:
4199:
4138:"Setting priorities for the conservation and recovery of wild tigers: 2005–2015"
2926:
2750:
Liu, Y.-C.; Sun, X.; Driscoll, C.; Miquelle, D. G.; Xu, X.; et al. (2018).
1441:
52:
7873:
7788:
7734:
7571:
6205:
5665:
5648:
5450:
4702:
2799:
Kitchener, A. C.; Dugmore, A. J. (2000). "Biogeographical change in the tiger,
2514:
2504:
2472:
2468:
2385:
2291:
2259:
2110:
2106:
2028:
1913:
1909:
1667:
1607:
1584:
1312:
1169:
1034:
965:
728:
688:
600:
442:
362:. Therefore, it was proposed to recognise only two subspecies as valid, namely
333:
7101:
7058:
6562:
6537:
5868:
5742:"Poacher suspected of killing 70 Bengal tigers captured after 20-year pursuit"
5549:
5528:
5102:
5089:
5070:
Biswas, S. & Sankar, K. (2002). "Prey abundance and food habit of tigers (
5019:
4877:
4860:
4257:
4236:
4135:
4073:
3953:"Tiger that trekked from MP to Gujarat died of starvation: Post-mortem report"
3925:"Sahyadri Tiger Reserve camera traps evidence of tigers first time in 8 years"
3775:
3303:
3190:
2776:
2751:
8381:
8320:
7742:
7710:
7377:
7367:
Schnitzler, A.; Hermann, L. (2019). "Chronological distribution of the tiger
6986:
6960:
5461:
4918:
4661:
3361:
The Sundarbans Tiger – Adaptation, population status, and Conflict management
2529:
2499:
2489:
2307:
2299:
2130:
2118:
2048:
2001:
1979:
1642:
on a 20-year-old elephant cow, and another on a 28-year-old sick elephant in
1560:
1548:
1279:
1199:, and found dead shortly afterwards. Officials assumed that it originated in
1076:
1041:
989:
921:
419:
314:
7952:
7145:
6725:
6665:
6041:
5563:
5163:
Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)
4970:
4949:
4905:
4481:
4352:(Report). Global Tiger Forum and the Global Tiger Initiative Council. 2023.
1523:
1493:
1358:
From February to June 2013, a camera trapping survey was carried out in the
1137:
tigers live in about 1,586 km (612 sq mi) of mangrove forest.
679:
period, during which sea levels were depressed, evidently prior to the last
8231:
7980:
7889:
7633:
7581:
7551:
6571:
6157:
5991:"WWF and leonardo partner to protect Tiger Habitat through Save Tigers Now"
5886:
5843:
Carter, N.H.; Riley, S.J.; Shortridge, A.; Shrestha, B.K.; Liu, J. (2014).
5746:
5723:
4845:
4405:
3842:
Chauhan, D. S.; Singh, R.; Mishra, S.; Dadda, T. & Goyal, S.P. (2006).
3671:
2985:. National Seminar "Tiger Tiger", 4–5 August 2000. Calcutta: Indian Museum.
2965:
2893:
2785:
2713:
2695:
2216:
2211:
2102:
2071:
1833:
1784:
1655:
1275:
1177:
660:
505:
288:
8364:
6673:
5646:
5276:
5259:
3900:
Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India, 2010. TR 2011/003 pp-302
3841:
3319:
8294:
8240:
5994:
5035:
4921:"Tigers in Panna: preliminary results from an Indian tropical dry forest"
4631:
3635:
2524:
2415:
2322:
2160:
2041:
2032:
1821:
1679:
1528:
1402:
1290:
Since 2007, tiger monitoring surveys have been carried out every year by
1283:
830:
807:
684:
620:
561:
466:
367:
359:
256:
156:
7413:
6612:"Mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence among big cats and their hybrids"
6482:"Tired of Gujarat reluctance on Gir lions, MP to release tigers in Kuno"
5526:
2982:
Colour aberration in tiger: its biological and conservation implications
2067:
is often cited as a major success by Indian officials against poaching.
2051:. Because of dwindling tiger numbers, the Indian government has pledged
1791:
The illicit demand for bones and body parts from wild tigers for use in
1440:, China was investigated in 1995 when the loss of livestock was high in
1013:-Indravati; isolated populations are supported in the tiger reserves of
537:
350:
of several tiger subspecies in continental Asia was questioned in 1999.
8286:
7836:
7109:
5951:
4786:
4752:
4426:
3256:
3100:
2947:
2519:
2397:
2372:
2207:
1940:
1797:
1647:
1619:
1556:
1512:
1256:
1219:
636:
493:
422:
396:
272:
238:
136:
8299:
7390:
7066:
4688:
4663:
4060:
The status of tigers, copredators & prey in India 2014. TR2015/021
3583:
3554:
2597:(decima, reformata ed.). Holmiae: Laurentius Salvius. p. 41.
2418:
in 2003 and haunts the streets of Baghdad seeking the meaning of life.
1263:. The Chittagong forest is contiguous with tiger habitat in India and
818:
735:, but has now been largely converted to agricultural land or severely
556:
Bengal tiger from behind, showing the white circular spots on the ears
552:
8188:
8145:
6461:
6210:
3985:
3743:
2453:
2330:
2133:
2036:
2009:
1904:
An area of special interest lies in the "Terai Arc Landscape" in the
1887:
1840:
1812:
1723:
1707:
1576:
1536:
1466:
1379:
1271:
1161:
897:
740:
720:
672:
569:
501:
470:
438:
377:
355:
126:
86:
8202:
5339:
5260:"The range of prey size of the Royal Bengal Tiger of the Sundarbans"
5233:
4204:(Linnaeus, 1758) (Carnivora: Felidae) in the Sundarbans, Bangladesh"
3248:
3091:
3074:
2669:
2140:
and including two samples from Dudhwa National Park were used for a
1850:
or dedicated ones who go hunting especially for human prey; and the
611:
8225:
7253:
6420:"Uttar Pradesh gears up for its fourth tiger reserve in Chitrakoot"
6138:
4858:
3894:
2980:
1984:
1951:
1943:
in Nepal, India, and Bhutan, While Bangladesh and China list it as
1905:
1754:
1540:
1388:
1383:
1328:
1291:
1223:
1192:
1069:
1057:
961:
792:
724:
668:
628:
489:
446:
284:
264:
255:
for about 12,000 to 16,500 years. Its historical range covered the
166:
106:
7763:
7022:
Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes
6434:"India launches anti-poaching force to curb tiger, wildlife trade"
5610:
Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes
5103:
Wegge, P.; Odden, M.; Pokharel, C. Pd. & Storaasc, T. (2009).
4925:
Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes
4827:
4074:
Qureshi, Q.; Jhala, Y. V.; Yadav, S. P. & Mallick, A. (2023).
3698:
Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes
3414:
Jungle trails in northern India: reminiscences of hunting in India
2643:
Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes
2639:"Tiger distribution, phenotypic variation and conservation issues"
2270:
1222:
in India and Bangladesh are the only ones in the world inhabiting
951:
During a tiger census in 2008, camera trap and sign surveys using
581:
8172:
7536:
6863:"Tiger Film a Fraud, says The Chinese Tigers South African Trust"
5386:. Magdeburg, Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford: Westarp Wissenschaften.
5331:
4180:. Washington: Global Tiger Initiative Secretariat. Archived from
4035:
2197:
2164:
1989:
1687:
1683:
1600:
1264:
1185:
704:
676:
473:
392:
146:
8273:
6726:
Srivastav, A.; Malviya, M.; Tyagi, P.C. & Nigam, P. (2011).
5936:
4984:
4056:
3811:
3600:"A second extinct big cat from the late Quaternary of Sri Lanka"
3407:
2125:. Tiger hair samples from the national park were analysed using
34:. For other uses of 'Royal Bengal tiger' and related terms, see
7897:
6961:
Chopra, P. N.; Ravindran, T. K. & Subrahmanian, N. (2003).
6813:"Nepal has nearly tripled its wild tiger population since 2009"
4145:
Tigers of the World: The Science, Politics and Conservation of
3858:
3113:
2145:
1950:
In April 2023, India signed a memorandum of understanding with
1738:
1564:
1552:
1503:
1061:
1053:
664:
656:
640:
585:
434:
329:
276:
116:
96:
6609:
5511:
Skinning the Cat: Crime and Politics of the Big Cat Skin Trade
3733:. London and Tonbridge: Ernest Benn Limited. pp. 155–156.
2798:
1634:, but such extraordinarily rare events have been recorded. In
1255:
In Bangladesh, tigers are now relegated to the forests of the
496:
in 1846. Fourteen Bengal tiger skins in the collection of the
8153:
8113:
7691:
5724:"Central India Loses Four Tigers, including the Legendary B2"
5508:
5152:
2232:
1856:
1699:
1675:
1623:
1572:
1568:
644:
632:
624:
526:
481:
477:
407:
388:
318:
280:
268:
260:
6285:. National Tiger Conservation Authority, Government of India
4528:
3491:. In D. G. Miquelle; Smirnov, E. N.; Goodrich, J.M. (eds.).
3107:
2405:, a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker is the lead character.
7437:
6884:"Discovery Film Proclaimed A Fraud; Broadcaster to be Sued"
6259:"Project Tiger: The reserves, the tigers, and their future"
5036:
Andheria, A. P.; Karanth, K. U. & Kumar, N. S. (2007).
3552:
3493:
Tigers in Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik: Ecology and Conservation
3140:"Tiger ecology and conservation in the Indian subcontinent"
2052:
1671:
1606:
Bengal tigers occasionally hunt and kill predators such as
1596:
1544:
577:
7020:. In Seidensticker, J.; Christie, S.; Jackson, P. (eds.).
6535:
5527:
Saif, S.; Rahman, H. M. T. & MacMillan, D. C. (2016).
4923:. In Seidensticker, J.; Christie, S.; Jackson, P. (eds.).
4919:
Chundawat, T. S.; Gogate, N.; Johnsingh, A. J. T. (1999).
3696:. In Seidensticker, J.; Christie, S.; Jackson, P. (eds.).
3555:"Predicted Pleistocene–Holocene rangeshifts of the tiger (
2995:
2641:. In Seidensticker, J.; Christie, S.; Jackson, P. (eds.).
1238:
were newly established. The largest population resided in
7024:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 50–54.
4947:
4596:
3446:. Enfield, Middlesex: Guinness Superlatives. p. 33.
2998:"What is a tiger? Biogeography, Morphology, and Taxonomy"
2850:
2262:
found in Sri Lanka showing the tiger emblem of the Cholas
2167:. The 1997 International Tiger Studbook lists the global
1908:
foothills of northern India and southern Nepal, where 11
1212:
952:
6782:"Tigers have nearly tripled in Nepal, but at what cost?"
5845:"Spatial assessment of attitudes toward Tigers in Nepal"
5159:
Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola
4991:) in a semi-arid, dry deciduous forest in western India"
4531:"The Status, Distribution and Conservation of the Tiger
3638:"Applying molecular genetic tools to tiger conservation"
3416:. London: Metheun and Company Limited. pp. 177–183.
7535:
7476:
6940:(Fourth ed.). New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
6935:
4859:
Li, X.; Bleisch, W.V.; Liu, X. & Jiang, X. (2021).
4763:
4170:
3495:(in Russian). Vladivostok, Russia: PSP. pp. 25–35.
6912:
6647:"Genetic variation in Asiatic lions and Indian tigers"
6638:
5607:
5211:. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. pp. 19–20.
4581:
4469:
Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation
2749:
2414:
is based on a real story of a tiger that escaped from
1465:
A tigress having a bath in Ranthambore Tiger Reserve,
7137:
War medals of the British army, and how they were won
6965:. New Delhi: S. Chand & Company Ltd. p. 31.
6265:. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, N.J., pp. 110–117,
4646:
4077:
Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2022
4041:
Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018
3818:
Status of the Tigers, Co-predators, and Prey in India
2280:
seal with tiger to right of the seated divine figure
476:, which is reported in the wild from time to time in
6963:
History of South India; Ancient, Medieval and Modern
6346:
article "India Reports Sharp Decline in Wild Tigers"
6233:"Why some tigers from India may be sent to Cambodia"
5780:. New Jersey: Noyes Publications. pp. 435–448.
5721:
5427:
The Deer and the Tiger: A Study of Wildlife in India
5069:
3687:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3403:
3401:
1646:; the latter was eaten by several tigers at once. A
703:. In the Indian subcontinent, Bengal tigers inhabit
7479:"Bengal tigers found in Tibet, with plenty of prey"
7124:
4057:Jhala, Y. V.; Qureshi, Q.; Gopal, R., eds. (2015).
4009:"Goa's new visitor: Big cat at Molem national park"
3392:
Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon
2321:of Pakistan uses the tiger as its election symbol.
2117:with the permission of India's then Prime Minister
2070:Kuno-Palpur in Madhya Pradesh was supposed receive
1378:In Bhutan, tigers have been documented in 17 of 18
1209:
Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park
655:, for about 12,000 to 16,500 years. In 1982, a sub-
623:valley until the early 19th century, almost all of
259:valley until the early 19th century, almost all of
7140:(Revised, enlarged ed.). London: W. H. Long.
6139:Jiang, Z.; Jiang, J.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, E. (2016).
5074:) in Pench National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India".
4985:Bagchi, S.; Goyal, S. P. & Sankar, K. (2003).
4954:) Populations and Its Implications for Monitoring"
3636:Luo, S.J.; Johnson, W. E.; O'Brien, S. J. (2010).
2443:is about a white Bengal tigress in the Sundarbans.
2159:Indian zoos bred tigers for the first time at the
2027:estimates showed that tiger numbers had fallen in
317:in 1758 for the tiger. It was subordinated to the
7430:"Tiger conservation in the Bangladesh Sundarbans"
7366:
7210:
5178:"Trouble for rhino from poacher and Bengal tiger"
3678:
3398:
3045:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 343–372.
2290:The tiger is one of the animals displayed on the
1436:The presence of the Bengal tiger in southeastern
1267:, but the tiger population is of unknown status.
354:, tigers from different regions vary little, and
8379:
5801:Hendrichs, H. (1975). "The status of the tiger (
5771:
5769:
5406:
4927:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 123–129.
3700:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 255–272.
3505:
3381:
3032:
2854:"Phylogeography and Genetic Ancestry of Tigers (
2358:The British Lion's Vengeance on the Bengal Tiger
1921:creating a local constituency for conservation.
1497:Female cubs playing in Ranthambore Tiger Reserve
1304:, prey depletion, highly aggressive and rampant
723:, subtropical and temperate upland forests, and
619:The Bengal tiger's historical range covered the
5509:Banks, D.; Lawson, S. & Wright, B. (2006).
5476:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T15955A214862019.en
5309:
5257:
5031:
5029:
3859:Adhikarimayum, A. S. & Gopi, G. V. (2018).
3848:. Dehradun, India: Wildlife Institute of India.
3426:
2978:
2929:"The genetics of tiger pelage color variations"
2728:Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z. & Tobe, S. (2017).
2632:
2630:
441:, which was separated from the subcontinent by
6857:
6855:
6610:Shankaranarayanan, P. & Singh, L. (1998).
6230:
5153:Heptner, V. G. & Sludskij, A. A. (1992) .
5141:
4987:"Prey abundance and prey selection by tigers (
3213:
3211:
3209:
3137:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2645:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 19–39.
1757:are serious threats to the species' survival.
1722:A male and female interact with each other in
418:The Bengal tiger is defined by three distinct
403:since the revision of felid taxonomy in 2017.
7935:
7674:
7521:
7246:
7240:
6457:"Tigers galore in Ranthambhore National Park"
6454:
5800:
5766:
5682:"Tiger Poaching Ring Busted by Indian Police"
5636:. Wildlife Protection Society of India. 2009.
5231:
4150:(2nd ed.). Academic Press. p. 154.
3724:
3353:
3351:
3278:. Columbia University Press. pp. 43–46.
3144:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
3127:. Panna, Madhya Pradesh: Panna Tiger Reserve.
2617:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
2610:
2202:In 2000, the Bengal tiger re-wilding project
1713:
699:basin, bordering the historical range of the
7347:
7287:
7170:
7009:
5423:
5417:
5206:
5026:
4696:
4529:Dorji, D. P. & Santiapillai, C. (1989).
4031:
4029:
3890:
3888:
3610:(Supplement No. 12): 423–434. Archived from
3340:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2024 (
3163:
3161:
3114:Sharma, U. K.; Tr, V.; Gupta, S. K. (2021).
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3004:(2nd ed.). Academic Press. p. 55.
2916:. London: Rivington Books and André Deutsch.
2627:
2606:
2604:
2584:
2156:was the source of the Siberian tiger genes.
1811:were killed by poachers. In 2007, police in
1021:, Simlipal and the national parks of Panna,
7330:
7274:
7176:
7158:
7081:
7044:
6906:
6878:
6876:
6852:
5823:
5290:
5146:
4067:
3981:"Tiger spotted at Goa's only national park"
3444:The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats
3408:Hewett, J. P.; Hewett Atkinson, L. (1938).
3299:
3297:
3295:
3206:
2996:Kitchener, A. & Yamaguchi, N. (2010) .
2900:
2144:analysis that revealed that two tigers had
2040:independent censusing technology including
606:
27:Tiger population on the Indian subcontinent
7942:
7928:
7681:
7667:
7528:
7514:
7320:(Motion picture). Mumbai: Abiz Rizvi Film.
7277:"N.E.A. Gives Grants to Seven Productions"
7191:
6728:Indian National Studbook of Bengal Tiger (
6479:
5352:
5258:Mukherjee, S. & Sarkar, N. S. (2013).
3477:
3348:
3269:
3000:. In Tilson, R. & Nyhus, P.J. (eds.).
1866:In December 2012, a tiger was shot by the
399:in continental Asia have been subsumed to
218:
51:
7196:(First ed.). Toronto: Knopf Canada.
6985:
6584:
6561:
6311:
6156:
5876:
5664:
5612:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
5548:
5474:
5378:
5372:
5359:) in Royal Chitawan National Park, Nepal"
5303:
5275:
5175:
5009:
4969:
4876:
4687:
4493:
4475:
4333:
4256:
4219:
4200:"Population and prey of the Bengal Tiger
4050:
4026:
3885:
3876:
3805:
3661:
3582:
3189:
3158:
3131:
3090:
3072:
3059:
3026:
2955:
2883:
2873:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2775:
2743:
2703:
2636:
2601:
6873:
6501:
6296:"Indian wild tiger numbers almost halve"
5901:"Straying tiger meets with a bloody end"
5775:
5679:
5489:
4799:
4768:) in Namcha Barwa, southeastern Tibet".
4575:
4197:
4039:; Qureshi, Q. & Nayak, A.K. (2020).
3922:
3466:
3435:
3292:
3170:"Demography of a small, isolated tiger (
2911:
2479:, and the Wily Tiger of Mundachipallam.
2352:
2081:
2060:was declared as the 54th tiger reserve.
1983:
1958:. At least 90 acres (36 ha) of the
1717:
1522:
1492:
1460:
1456:
1334:
1322:
942:
817:
615:Male Bengal tiger in Kanha National Park
610:
551:
536:
456:
7015:
6810:
6747:
6019:. World Wild Fund. 2010. Archived from
5930:
5502:
4497:Status of Tigers and Prey in Nepal 2022
4350:Global Tiger Recovery Program (2023–34)
4174:Global Tiger Recovery Program 2010–2022
4107:
4105:
3950:
3815:; Gopal, R.; Qureshi, Q., eds. (2008).
3431:. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink. p. 36.
3217:
2578:
1970:population was "functionally extinct".
1954:to assist the country with the tiger's
1893:
1827:
836:Good tiger habitats in subtropical and
515:
14:
8380:
7495:"Himalayan black bear killed by tiger"
7224:. Center Theatre Group. Archived from
7130:
7087:
6589:. London and New York: Quartet Books.
4584:Tiger Action Plan for Bhutan 2006–2015
4582:Sangay, T. & Wangchuk, T. (2005).
4164:
4143:. In Tilson, R.; Nyhus, P. J. (eds.).
3357:
2839:
2447:
947:A young tigress in Kanha Tiger Reserve
488:. However, it is not an occurrence of
8207:
8206:
7923:
7662:
7509:
6694:
6171:
5917:
5430:. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
4891:
4006:
3978:
3629:
1626:. They generally do not attack adult
1399:Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Parks
862:Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve
7487:"The four faces of the Bengal tiger"
6361:
5444:
5366:Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
5355:"The social organization of Tigers (
4111:
4102:
3898:; Qureshi, Q.; Sinha, P. R. (2011).
3878:10.11609/jott.4381.10.13.12833-12836
3441:
2720:
2198:"Re-wilding" project in South Africa
2101:acquired a hand-reared tigress from
1805:Wildlife Protection Society of India
1339:Bengal tiger in Bardia National Park
924:, and include the tiger reserves of
6865:. PR Newswire. 2003. Archived from
6197:
5993:. SaveTigersNow.org. Archived from
5702:
5462:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
4805:
3033:Sunquist, M.; Sunquist, F. (2002).
2298:. The tiger crest is the emblem on
1765:humans and tigers cannot co-exist.
1518:
413:
36:Royal Bengal tiger (disambiguation)
24:
8025:
8018:
7762:
7489:. Guardian News and Media Limited.
7360:
7337:. London: Oxford University Press.
7295:"BBC team discovers "lost" tigers"
7181:. Bombay: Oxford University Press.
5824:Jackson, P. (1985). "Man-eaters".
5688:. Associated Press. Archived from
5634:"WPSI's Tiger Poaching Statistics"
4808:"The status of the tiger in China"
4465:Status of Tigers and Prey in Nepal
3532:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00236.x
3410:"Visits to India after Retirement"
3394:. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink and Co.
3237:The Journal of Wildlife Management
3010:10.1016/B978-0-8155-1570-8.00004-9
2825:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00236.x
2452:Notable Bengal tigers include the
2384:is based on man-eating tigers and
2210:, who together with the zoologist
833:are now being used in many sites.
452:
25:
8449:
7406:
7218:"Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo"
6995:. Pearson Education. p. 54.
6913:Arrick, A.; Mckinney, K. (2007).
6141:"Red List of China's Vertebrates"
5920:"Tiger gone, but tension simmers"
5705:"Indian tiger park has no tigers"
4510:from the original on 8 April 2023
4356:from the original on 8 April 2024
3473:. Rowland Ward, Ltd. p. 493.
715:, tropical and subtropical moist
410:than the Siberian tiger samples.
7951:
7690:
7477:Li, Y. & H. Liqiang (2019).
7375:in their common range in Asia".
7341:
7324:
7309:
7268:
7185:
7152:
7038:
6979:
6954:
6936:Nilakanta Sastri, K. A. (2003).
6929:
6838:"Meet the Tiger Men: John Varty"
6830:
6804:
6774:
6741:
6719:
6688:
6603:
6578:
6529:
6473:
6448:
6426:
6412:
6386:
6355:
6338:
6305:
6288:
6276:
6251:
6231:Explained Desk (27 March 2023).
6224:
6191:
6172:Patil, Apoorva (11 April 2023).
6165:
6132:
6111:
6090:
6073:
6035:
6009:
5983:
5918:Manoj, E. M. (3 December 2012).
5911:
5893:
5836:
5817:
5794:
5754:from the original on 1 June 2021
5734:
5715:
5696:
5686:National Geographic Society News
5673:
5490:Buncombe, A. (31 October 2007).
5057:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00310.x
4449:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97068.x
4378:Science of the Total Environment
4171:Global Tiger Initiative (2011).
3654:10.1111/j.1749-4877.2010.00222.x
3224:. London: Edwin Arnold & Co.
2269:
2251:
2175:
336:locality of the species and the
73:
8060:Martyred Intellectuals Memorial
7247:Nordland, Rod (7 August 2008).
6890:. February 2004. Archived from
6300:Guardian News and Media Limited
5807:Säugetierkundliche Mitteilungen
5805:) in the Sundarbans Mangrove".
5640:
5626:
5601:
5557:
5520:
5483:
5400:
5346:
5284:
5251:
5225:
5200:
5169:
5135:
5096:
5063:
4978:
4941:
4912:
4885:
4852:
4821:
4780:
4757:
4746:
4655:
4640:
4625:
4590:
4522:
4487:
4455:
4420:
4398:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.383
4368:
4342:
4314:Global Ecology and Conservation
4301:
4265:
4228:
4191:
4129:
4090:from the original on 5 May 2024
4000:
3972:
3944:
3916:
3852:
3835:
3737:
3718:
3604:The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology
3591:
3546:
3499:
3460:
3420:
3375:
3263:
3228:
2989:
2972:
2920:
2440:Roar – Tigers of the Sundarbans
2411:Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo
2395:In the fantasy adventure novel
2077:
2021:Wildlife Protection Act of 1972
1382:. They inhabit the subtropical
977:, in Suhelwa Tiger Reserve, in
938:Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary
461:Facial close up of a male tiger
8433:National symbols of Bangladesh
7959:National symbols of Bangladesh
7318:Roar: Tigers of the Sundarbans
7316:Sadanah, K. /director (2014).
5750:. Agence France Presse. 2021.
5492:"The face of a doomed species"
4950:"Temporal Variation in Tiger (
3150:(2–3): 169–189. Archived from
2792:
2663:
1421:to reach northeastern Bhutan.
1046:Srivenkateshwara National Park
498:Natural History Museum, London
13:
1:
8071:(1971, independence monument)
7350:Nine Man-Eaters and One Rogue
5722:Wildlife Watch Group (2011).
5653:Tropical Conservation Science
5587:10.1080/10871209.2015.1107786
4121:(PhD thesis). Cambridge: The
3221:Wild Animals in Central India
2571:
2242:
1751:Tiger Conservation Landscapes
1575:. Medium-sized prey includes
1250:
1172:. Tigers are also present in
916:. The TCUs in tropical moist
888:. The TCUs in tropical moist
763:, and the transboundary TCUs
484:and especially in the former
227:Range of Bengal tiger in red
32:Bengal tiger (disambiguation)
7649:) in Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary
6750:"Nod to Banke National Park"
6622:(9): 919–923. Archived from
6314:"Just 1,411 tigers in India"
5567:Human Dimensions of Wildlife
5129:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.10.020
4732:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.07.037
4619:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.11.023
4562:10.1016/0006-3207(89)90105-5
4295:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.05.018
2875:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020442
1793:Traditional Chinese medicine
1531:in Ranthambore Tiger Reserve
1451:Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon
1415:Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary
1188:is potential tiger habitat.
1050:Nagarjunasagar Tiger Reserve
858:Hazaribag Wildlife Sanctuary
599:The Bengal tiger rivals the
500:have 21–29 stripes. Another
7:
8423:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
6198:Roy, Esha (26 March 2023).
6053:The Status of Nepal Mammals
4817:. Special Issue (5): 10–13.
4471:(Report). Kathmandu, Nepal.
4335:10.1016/j.gecco.2017.09.002
4221:10.11609/jott.o2666.2370-80
3563:Diversity and Distributions
3367:(PhD thesis). Minneapolis:
2550:Panthera tigris trinilensis
2482:
2184:
2025:Wildlife Institute of India
1973:
1803:Between 1994 and 2009, the
1768:
1589:northern plains gray langur
663:was found in a prehistoric
301:
10:
8454:
8408:Environment of West Bengal
8192:(national personification)
8052:National Martyrs' Memorial
7617:Acinonyx jubatus venaticus
7539:on the Indian subcontinent
7249:"Tigers Return to Baghdad"
6394:"The great Panna cover-up"
6046:(Mazak, 1968), Subspecies
5666:10.1177/194008291000300305
5529:"Who is killing the tiger
4208:Journal of Threatened Taxa
3865:Journal of Threatened Taxa
3429:Big game shooting in Nepal
3218:Brander, A. A. D. (1923).
2739:(Special Issue 11): 66–68.
2348:
2058:Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary
1977:
1897:
1876:Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary
1831:
1744:
1714:Reproduction and lifecycle
1539:and prefers hunting large
1368:Shuklaphanta National Park
1311:A rising sea-level due to
29:
8418:Mammals described in 1758
8215:
8165:
8106:
8079:
8055:(1971, national monument)
8036:
8016:
7965:
7882:
7856:
7773:
7760:
7703:
7697:National symbols of India
7626:
7605:
7544:
7102:10.2979/vic.2006.48.4.659
7059:10.1017/S0026749X00012725
6563:10.1016/j.cub.2008.03.053
5869:10.1007/s13280-013-0421-7
5550:10.1017/S0030605316000491
5407:Sanderson, G. P. (1912).
5312:Journal of Animal Ecology
5207:Huckelbridge, D. (2019).
5090:10.1017/S0952836902000456
5020:10.1017/S0952836903003765
4878:10.1017/S0030605319001467
4494:DNPWC & DFSC (2022).
4258:10.1017/S0030605310001456
3776:10.1017/S1367943003003184
3382:Sterndale, R. A. (1884).
3358:Barlow, A. C. D. (2009).
3191:10.1186/s40850-017-0025-y
2777:10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.019
2682:(5: e1400175): e1400175.
2557:Panthera tigris acutidens
2543:Panthera tigris soloensis
2360:, Punch cartoon from 1857
2296:Indus Valley Civilisation
2065:Ranthambore National Park
1994:Bandhavgarh National Park
1640:Jim Corbett National Park
1453:National Nature Reserve.
1411:Jigme Dorji National Park
1373:
1306:intraspecific competition
1297:Global Positioning System
1205:Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary
226:
217:
70:Scientific classification
68:
59:
50:
45:
7845:Lactobacillus bulgaricus
7297:. BBC Press Office. 2010
6370:. London. Archived from
6350:National Geographic News
6119:"Red List Of Bangladesh"
6098:"Biodiversity of Bhutan"
5940:A Future for Wild Tigers
5413:. Edinburgh: John Grant.
4834:Acta Theriologica Sinica
4789:Acta Theriologica Sinica
4770:Acta Theriologica Sinica
3427:Smythies, E. A. (1942).
3322:(inactive 2 July 2024).
2979:Singh, L. A. K. (2000).
2427:is a documentary by the
2339:Indian Rebellion of 1857
2313:Today, the tiger is the
2258:An early silver coin of
2219:to fend for themselves.
1964:Tatai Wildlife Sanctuary
1868:Kerala Forest Department
1481:subadult tigers started
1431:
1318:
1166:Tiger Conservation Units
1135:Sundarbans National Park
914:Indravati Tiger Reserves
842:Tiger Conservation Units
813:
745:Tiger Conservation Units
607:Distribution and habitat
429:alleles. The pattern of
8063:(1971, martyr monument)
8047:(1952, martyr monument)
8037:Monuments and Memorials
7638:Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary
6748:Bhushal, R. P. (2010).
6666:10.1002/elps.1150180938
5109:Biological Conservation
4971:10.1644/07-MAMM-A-415.1
4906:10.1163/156853993X00560
4712:Biological Conservation
4599:Biological Conservation
4542:Biological Conservation
4275:Biological Conservation
4123:University of Cambridge
4112:Khan, M. M. H. (2004).
3930:Daily News and Analysis
3731:The Mammals of Pakistan
3725:Roberts, T.J. (1977). "
3369:University of Minnesota
3270:Dinerstein, E. (2003).
3138:Karanth, K. U. (2003).
2477:Tiger of Mundachipallam
2365:The main antagonist of
1644:Kaziranga National Park
1636:Kaziranga National Park
1438:Tibet Autonomous Region
1236:Sahyadri Tiger Reserves
1211:, the first records in
594:Smithsonian Institution
8247:Panthera tigris tigris
8217:Panthera tigris tigris
8090:(Father of the Nation)
8068:Column of Independence
8030:
8023:
7767:
7222:centertheatregroup.org
6844:. 2001. Archived from
6788:. 2022. Archived from
6730:Panthera tigris tigris
6455:Sebastian, S. (2009).
6440:. 2008. Archived from
6257:Panwar, H. S. (1987).
6158:10.17520/biods.2016076
6048:Panthera tigris tigris
5826:International Wildlife
5469:: e.T15955A214862019.
5232:Pandit, P. K. (2012).
5072:Panthera tigris tigris
4846:10.16829/j.slxb.150265
4830:Panthera tigris tigris
4766:Panthera tigris tigris
4202:Panthera tigris tigris
3172:Panthera tigris tigris
3043:Wild Cats of the World
2696:10.1126/sciadv.1400175
2637:Kitchener, A. (1999).
2611:Pocock, R. I. (1929).
2461:Chuka man-eating tiger
2424:Lost Land of the Tiger
2361:
2138:Indian Museum, Kolkata
2091:
1997:
1884:Bandipur Tiger Reserve
1874:on the fringes of the
1775:illegal wildlife trade
1726:
1535:The Bengal tiger is a
1532:
1498:
1469:
1340:
1332:
1327:Tigers killed by King
1261:Chittagong Hill Tracts
1201:Ratapani Tiger Reserve
979:Sohagi Barwa Sanctuary
948:
886:Ratapani Tiger Reserve
826:
824:Bandipur National Park
616:
557:
542:
462:
366:in mainland Asia, and
341:Panthera tigris tigris
244:Panthera tigris tigris
8393:Mammals of Bangladesh
8087:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
8029:
8022:
7766:
7643:South African cheetah
7606:Extirpated from India
7371:and the Asiatic lion
7348:Anderson, K. (1955).
6888:Wildlife Film News 56
5680:Banerjee, B. (2007).
5424:Schaller, G. (1967).
5264:Journal of Ecosystems
3923:Kulkarni, D. (2018).
3320:10.1515/mamm.2010.040
2914:The Face of the Tiger
2912:McDougal, C. (1977).
2585:Linnaeus, C. (1758).
2465:Bachelor of Powalgarh
2356:
2237:Species Survival Plan
2085:
1987:
1945:Critically Endangered
1809:Sariska Tiger Reserve
1721:
1591:. Small prey such as
1526:
1496:
1475:Chitwan National Park
1464:
1457:Ecology and behaviour
1417:. It probably used a
1353:Bardiya National Park
1345:Chitwan National Park
1338:
1326:
1240:Corbett Tiger Reserve
983:Valmiki National Park
946:
882:Melghat Tiger Reserve
821:
614:
555:
540:
531:Chitwan National Park
460:
374:Greater Sunda Islands
326:Reginald Innes Pocock
293:habitat fragmentation
7829:Ganges river dolphin
7627:Under reintroduction
7464:on 24 September 2015
7422:Cat Specialist Group
7373:Panthera leo persica
7334:Man-Eaters of Kumaon
7331:Corbett, J. (1944).
7275:Itzkoff, D. (2008).
7179:Man-Eaters of Kumaon
7177:Corbett, J. (1944).
7166:. London: Macmillan.
7047:Modern Asian Studies
7016:Jackson, P. (1999).
6811:Sottile, Z. (2022).
6422:. News on Air. 2022.
6145:Biodiversity Science
5291:Joshi, A.R. (2022).
5188:on 27 September 2014
4958:Journal of Mammalogy
4832:) in Medog, Tibet".
4429:Conservation Biology
3951:Kaushik, H. (2019).
3442:Wood, G. L. (1982).
3272:"Ecosystem Dynamics"
2540:Prehistoric tigers:
2431:on tigers in Bhutan.
2381:Man-Eaters of Kumaon
2375:, is a Bengal tiger.
2115:Dudhwa National Park
1918:habitat conservation
1894:Conservation efforts
1828:Human–tiger conflict
1527:A tiger attacking a
1364:Banke National Parks
1347:and in the adjacent
966:Gangetic flood plain
713:tropical dry forests
568:, shot in 1860 near
516:Body weight and size
425:sites and 12 unique
8184:(national calendar)
8010:(national language)
7501:. 12 November 2009.
7352:. New York: Dutton.
7192:Martel, Y. (2001).
6925:on 11 January 2009.
6786:National Geographic
6762:on 18 December 2014
6755:The Himalayan Times
6554:2008CBio...18..592L
6480:Sharma, R. (2017).
6352:, 13 February 2008.
6344:Sharma, A. (2008).
6294:Ramesh, R. (2008).
6050:(Linnaeus, 1758)".
5997:on 30 November 2012
5861:2014Ambio..43..125C
5703:Ali, F. M. (2009).
5692:on 8 December 2007.
5579:2016HDW....21...95S
5324:1995JAnEc..64..439K
5277:10.1155/2013/351756
5182:The Telegraph India
5121:2009BCons.142..189W
4724:2019BCons.23808192T
4680:2020AnCon..23..629T
4668:Animal Conservation
4611:2009BCons.142..606W
4554:1989BCons..48..311D
4441:1998ConBi..12.1338S
4390:2019ScTEn.663..830M
4326:2017GEcoC..12..272A
4287:2008BCons.141.2032B
3912:on 20 January 2012.
3871:(13): 12833–12836.
3768:2003AnCon...6..141K
3756:Animal Conservation
3642:Integrative Zoology
3617:on 25 December 2018
3575:2016DivDi..22.1199C
3524:2000AnCon...3..113K
3512:Animal Conservation
3470:Records Of Big Game
3002:Tigers of the World
2817:2000AnCon...3..113K
2805:Animal Conservation
2768:2018CBio...28E3840L
2688:2015SciA....1E0175W
2566:Holocene extinction
2448:Notable individuals
2191:Banke National Park
2113:her to the wild in
1818:Panna Tiger Reserve
1732:Kanha National Park
1664:Asian water monitor
1360:Terai Arc Landscape
1349:Parsa National Park
1302:habitat destruction
1174:Pakke Tiger Reserve
1085:Kalakad-Mundathurai
930:Kalakad-Mundathurai
878:Panna National Park
854:tropical dry forest
649:Indian subcontinent
643:, and southwestern
603:in average weight.
588:in northern India.
382:nominate subspecies
338:nominate subspecies
332:is the traditional
249:Indian subcontinent
62:Kanha Tiger Reserve
8438:Tiger color morphs
8138:Royal Bengal Tiger
8031:
8024:
7768:
7647:A. jubatus jubatus
7545:Extant in the wild
7416:Panthera t. tigris
7281:The New York Times
6915:"Purrrfect Breed?"
6695:Menon, S. (1997).
6585:Singh, A. (1981).
6487:The Times of India
6319:The Times of India
6312:Sethi, N. (2008).
6237:The Indian Express
5907:. 3 December 2012.
5379:Mazak, V. (1996).
5209:No Beast So Fierce
5176:Dutta, P. (2008).
5077:Journal of Zoology
5045:Journal of Zoology
4998:Journal of Zoology
4806:Luo, S.J. (2010).
4187:on 26 August 2011.
4013:The Times of India
4007:Sayed, N. (2019).
3979:Kamat, P. (2019).
3958:The Times of India
3073:Mazák, V. (1981).
2948:10.1038/cr.2017.32
2457:Tigers of Chowgarh
2362:
2225:Living with Tigers
2092:
2086:Captive tigers at
1998:
1960:Cardamom Mountains
1900:Tiger conservation
1727:
1678:, and very rarely
1652:Ophiophagus hannah
1533:
1499:
1470:
1426:population density
1341:
1333:
1244:wildlife corridors
1218:The tigers in the
1197:Mahisagar district
949:
874:Orissa dry forests
827:
733:Brahmaputra plains
617:
582:'between the pegs'
558:
543:
463:
8403:Mammals of Bhutan
8375:
8374:
8209:Taxon identifiers
8200:
8199:
8141:(national animal)
8133:(national flower)
8095:Kazi Nazrul Islam
7976:(national anthem)
7973:Amar Sonar Bangla
7917:
7916:
7824:(Heritage animal)
7656:
7655:
7596:Neofelis nebulosa
7440:on 6 October 2020
7391:10.1111/mam.12166
7090:Victorian Studies
7031:978-0-521-64835-6
7002:978-81-317-1120-0
6972:978-81-219-0153-6
6842:Discovery Channel
6697:"Tainted Royalty"
6469:on 11 March 2009.
6362:Page, J. (2008).
6326:on 11 August 2011
5961:978-0-8213-6792-6
5787:978-0-8155-1133-5
5619:978-0-521-64835-6
5393:978-3-89432-759-0
4934:978-0-521-64835-6
4689:10.1111/acv.12580
4571:on 24 March 2012.
4198:Khan, M. (2012).
4157:978-0-8155-1133-5
3714:on 10 March 2012.
3707:978-0-521-64835-6
3584:10.1111/ddi.12484
3467:Ward, R. (1907).
3453:978-0-85112-235-9
3285:978-0-231-08450-5
3154:on 10 March 2012.
3083:Mammalian Species
3052:978-0-22-677999-7
3039:(Linnaeus, 1758)"
3019:978-0-8155-1570-8
2762:(23): 3840–3849.
2659:on 23 April 2012.
2652:978-0-521-64835-6
2510:South China tiger
2495:Indochinese tiger
2099:Billy Arjan Singh
1992:with her cubs in
1968:Indochinese tiger
1930:Leonardo DiCaprio
1872:coffee plantation
1762:Forest Rights Act
1632:Indian rhinoceros
1419:wildlife corridor
918:evergreen forests
838:temperate forests
717:deciduous forests
709:evergreen forests
701:Indochinese tiger
697:Brahmaputra River
566:Leeds City Museum
541:Male Bengal tiger
443:rising sea levels
431:genetic variation
395:and living tiger
279:and southwestern
231:
230:
198:P. t. tigris
187:
16:(Redirected from
8445:
8398:Mammals of Nepal
8368:
8367:
8355:
8354:
8342:
8341:
8329:
8328:
8316:
8315:
8303:
8302:
8290:
8289:
8277:
8276:
8264:
8263:
8251:
8250:
8249:
8236:
8235:
8234:
8204:
8203:
8193:
8185:
8181:Bengali calendar
8177:
8158:
8150:
8149:(national fruit)
8142:
8134:
8126:
8118:
8099:
8091:
8072:
8064:
8056:
8048:
8028:
8021:
8011:
8003:
7994:Government Seal
7985:
7984:(national march)
7977:
7956:
7955:
7944:
7937:
7930:
7921:
7920:
7910:
7902:
7894:
7864:Independence Day
7849:
7841:
7833:
7832:(Aquatic animal)
7825:
7817:
7809:
7801:
7793:
7785:
7755:
7747:
7739:
7731:
7727:Satyameva Jayate
7723:
7715:
7695:
7694:
7683:
7676:
7669:
7660:
7659:
7566:P. tigris tigris
7556:Panthera leo leo
7530:
7523:
7516:
7507:
7506:
7502:
7490:
7482:
7473:
7471:
7469:
7460:. Archived from
7449:
7447:
7445:
7436:. Archived from
7425:
7402:
7354:
7353:
7345:
7339:
7338:
7328:
7322:
7321:
7313:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7291:
7285:
7284:
7272:
7266:
7265:
7263:
7261:
7244:
7238:
7237:
7235:
7233:
7228:on 12 April 2010
7214:
7208:
7207:
7189:
7183:
7182:
7174:
7168:
7167:
7156:
7150:
7149:
7128:
7122:
7121:
7085:
7079:
7078:
7042:
7036:
7035:
7013:
7007:
7006:
6983:
6977:
6976:
6958:
6952:
6951:
6933:
6927:
6926:
6921:. Archived from
6910:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6880:
6871:
6870:
6869:on 27 July 2011.
6859:
6850:
6849:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6825:
6823:
6808:
6802:
6801:
6799:
6797:
6778:
6772:
6771:
6769:
6767:
6758:. Archived from
6745:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6723:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6712:
6703:. Archived from
6692:
6686:
6685:
6660:(9): 1693–1700.
6651:
6642:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6607:
6601:
6600:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6565:
6533:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6522:
6505:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6494:
6477:
6471:
6470:
6465:. Archived from
6452:
6446:
6445:
6430:
6424:
6423:
6416:
6410:
6409:
6407:
6405:
6390:
6384:
6383:
6381:
6379:
6359:
6353:
6342:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6322:. Archived from
6309:
6303:
6292:
6286:
6280:
6274:
6255:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6244:
6228:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6217:
6195:
6189:
6188:
6186:
6184:
6169:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6136:
6130:
6129:
6126:portals.iucn.org
6123:
6115:
6109:
6108:
6102:
6094:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6081:"Fauna of India"
6077:
6071:
6070:
6058:
6039:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6028:
6023:on 19 April 2021
6013:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6002:
5987:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5976:
5970:
5964:. Archived from
5948:Washington, D.C.
5945:
5934:
5928:
5927:
5915:
5909:
5908:
5897:
5891:
5890:
5880:
5840:
5834:
5833:
5821:
5815:
5814:
5798:
5792:
5791:
5773:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5759:
5738:
5732:
5731:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5700:
5694:
5693:
5677:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5644:
5638:
5637:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5561:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5506:
5500:
5499:
5487:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5448:
5442:
5441:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5404:
5398:
5397:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5363:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5288:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5255:
5249:
5248:
5238:
5229:
5223:
5222:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5193:
5184:. Archived from
5173:
5167:
5166:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5100:
5094:
5093:
5067:
5061:
5060:
5042:
5033:
5024:
5023:
5013:
4995:
4982:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4916:
4910:
4909:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4856:
4850:
4849:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4812:
4803:
4797:
4796:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4709:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4659:
4653:
4652:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4629:
4623:
4622:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4579:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4564:. Archived from
4539:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4515:
4509:
4502:
4491:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4473:
4472:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4435:(6): 1338–1346.
4424:
4418:
4417:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4346:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4281:(8): 2032–2040.
4269:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4232:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4214:(2): 2370–2380.
4195:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4179:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4142:
4133:
4127:
4126:
4120:
4109:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4089:
4082:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4033:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4004:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3904:
3892:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3823:
3809:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3792:
3786:. Archived from
3753:
3741:
3735:
3734:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3710:. Archived from
3689:
3676:
3675:
3665:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3616:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3490:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3464:
3458:
3457:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3396:
3395:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3366:
3355:
3346:
3345:
3339:
3331:
3301:
3290:
3289:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3215:
3204:
3203:
3193:
3165:
3156:
3155:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3094:
3070:
3057:
3056:
3030:
3024:
3023:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2959:
2933:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2909:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2877:
2848:
2837:
2836:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2779:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2734:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2707:
2676:Science Advances
2667:
2661:
2660:
2655:. Archived from
2634:
2625:
2624:
2608:
2599:
2598:
2582:
2401:and in its 2012
2273:
2255:
1996:, Madhya Pradesh
1880:Indian elephants
1616:Asian black bear
1612:mugger crocodile
1519:Hunting and diet
1331:in Nepal in 1911
1184:in southeastern
890:deciduous forest
693:Chittagong Hills
653:Late Pleistocene
564:" on display at
560:The very large "
414:Genetic ancestry
387:constitutes two
376:and possibly in
253:Late Pleistocene
222:
213:
201:
186:
184:
78:
77:
55:
43:
42:
21:
8453:
8452:
8448:
8447:
8446:
8444:
8443:
8442:
8388:Felids of India
8378:
8377:
8376:
8371:
8363:
8360:Observation.org
8358:
8350:
8345:
8337:
8332:
8324:
8319:
8311:
8306:
8298:
8293:
8285:
8280:
8272:
8267:
8259:
8254:
8245:
8244:
8239:
8230:
8229:
8224:
8211:
8201:
8196:
8191:
8183:
8176:(national game)
8175:
8161:
8157:(national fish)
8156:
8148:
8140:
8132:
8125:(national bird)
8124:
8117:(national tree)
8116:
8107:Flora and fauna
8102:
8098:(National poet)
8097:
8089:
8075:
8070:
8062:
8054:
8046:
8032:
8026:
8019:
8014:
8009:
8002:(national flag)
8001:
7989:National Emblem
7983:
7975:
7961:
7950:
7948:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7906:Indian Calendar
7900:
7892:
7878:
7852:
7847:
7839:
7831:
7823:
7821:Indian elephant
7815:
7807:
7799:
7791:
7783:
7774:Flora and fauna
7769:
7758:
7753:
7751:National Pledge
7745:
7737:
7729:
7721:
7719:Emblem of India
7713:
7699:
7689:
7687:
7657:
7652:
7622:
7613:Asiatic cheetah
7601:
7592:Clouded leopard
7576:P. pardus fusca
7540:
7534:
7493:
7485:
7467:
7465:
7452:
7443:
7441:
7428:
7412:
7409:
7369:Panthera tigris
7363:
7361:Further reading
7358:
7357:
7346:
7342:
7329:
7325:
7315:
7314:
7310:
7300:
7298:
7293:
7292:
7288:
7273:
7269:
7259:
7257:
7245:
7241:
7231:
7229:
7216:
7215:
7211:
7204:
7190:
7186:
7175:
7171:
7164:The Jungle Book
7157:
7153:
7129:
7125:
7086:
7082:
7043:
7039:
7032:
7014:
7010:
7003:
6984:
6980:
6973:
6959:
6955:
6948:
6934:
6930:
6911:
6907:
6897:
6895:
6882:
6881:
6874:
6861:
6860:
6853:
6848:on 3 June 2008.
6836:
6835:
6831:
6821:
6819:
6809:
6805:
6795:
6793:
6792:on 29 July 2022
6780:
6779:
6775:
6765:
6763:
6746:
6742:
6734:
6724:
6720:
6710:
6708:
6707:on 30 June 2008
6693:
6689:
6654:Electrophoresis
6649:
6643:
6639:
6629:
6627:
6626:on 12 July 2016
6616:Current Science
6608:
6604:
6597:
6587:Tara, a tigress
6583:
6579:
6542:Current Biology
6534:
6530:
6520:
6518:
6514:Hindustan Times
6507:
6506:
6502:
6492:
6490:
6478:
6474:
6453:
6449:
6444:on 23 May 2013.
6438:The Earth Times
6432:
6431:
6427:
6418:
6417:
6413:
6403:
6401:
6392:
6391:
6387:
6377:
6375:
6360:
6356:
6343:
6339:
6329:
6327:
6310:
6306:
6293:
6289:
6281:
6277:
6256:
6252:
6242:
6240:
6229:
6225:
6215:
6213:
6196:
6192:
6182:
6180:
6170:
6166:
6137:
6133:
6121:
6117:
6116:
6112:
6100:
6096:
6095:
6091:
6083:
6079:
6078:
6074:
6067:
6056:
6044:Panthera tigris
6040:
6036:
6026:
6024:
6015:
6014:
6010:
6000:
5998:
5989:
5988:
5984:
5974:
5972:
5968:
5962:
5943:
5935:
5931:
5916:
5912:
5899:
5898:
5894:
5841:
5837:
5822:
5818:
5803:Panthera tigris
5799:
5795:
5788:
5774:
5767:
5757:
5755:
5740:
5739:
5735:
5720:
5716:
5701:
5697:
5678:
5674:
5645:
5641:
5632:
5631:
5627:
5620:
5606:
5602:
5562:
5558:
5531:Panthera tigris
5525:
5521:
5513:
5507:
5503:
5496:The Independent
5488:
5484:
5455:Panthera tigris
5449:
5445:
5438:
5422:
5418:
5405:
5401:
5394:
5383:Panthera tigris
5377:
5373:
5368:. No. 336.
5361:
5357:Panthera tigris
5353:Sunquist, M.E.
5351:
5347:
5308:
5304:
5289:
5285:
5256:
5252:
5236:
5230:
5226:
5219:
5205:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5174:
5170:
5151:
5147:
5140:
5136:
5101:
5097:
5068:
5064:
5040:
5034:
5027:
5011:10.1.1.694.7051
4993:
4989:Panthera tigris
4983:
4979:
4952:Panthera tigris
4946:
4942:
4935:
4917:
4913:
4890:
4886:
4857:
4853:
4826:
4822:
4810:
4804:
4800:
4785:
4781:
4762:
4758:
4751:
4747:
4707:
4701:
4697:
4660:
4656:
4645:
4641:
4630:
4626:
4595:
4591:
4580:
4576:
4568:
4537:
4533:Panthera tigris
4527:
4523:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4500:
4492:
4488:
4480:
4476:
4460:
4456:
4425:
4421:
4373:
4369:
4359:
4357:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4306:
4302:
4270:
4266:
4239:Panthera tigris
4233:
4229:
4196:
4192:
4184:
4177:
4169:
4165:
4158:
4147:Panthera tigris
4140:
4134:
4130:
4118:
4110:
4103:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4080:
4072:
4068:
4055:
4051:
4043:
4034:
4027:
4017:
4015:
4005:
4001:
3991:
3989:
3977:
3973:
3963:
3961:
3949:
3945:
3935:
3933:
3921:
3917:
3909:
3902:
3893:
3886:
3857:
3853:
3840:
3836:
3831:on 2 June 2013.
3828:
3821:
3810:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3751:
3742:
3738:
3727:Panthera tigris
3723:
3719:
3708:
3690:
3679:
3634:
3630:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3596:
3592:
3557:Panthera tigris
3551:
3547:
3508:Panthera tigris
3504:
3500:
3488:
3482:
3478:
3465:
3461:
3454:
3440:
3436:
3425:
3421:
3406:
3399:
3380:
3376:
3364:
3356:
3349:
3333:
3332:
3302:
3293:
3286:
3268:
3264:
3249:10.2307/3808080
3233:
3229:
3216:
3207:
3166:
3159:
3136:
3132:
3124:
3119:Panthera tigris
3112:
3108:
3092:10.2307/3504004
3077:Panthera tigris
3071:
3060:
3053:
3037:Panthera tigris
3031:
3027:
3020:
2994:
2990:
2977:
2973:
2931:
2925:
2921:
2910:
2901:
2856:Panthera tigris
2849:
2840:
2801:Panthera tigris
2797:
2793:
2756:Current Biology
2748:
2744:
2732:
2725:
2721:
2668:
2664:
2653:
2635:
2628:
2609:
2602:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2562:
2534:
2485:
2450:
2403:film adaptation
2390:Kumaon Division
2368:The Jungle Book
2351:
2315:national animal
2288:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2256:
2245:
2206:was started by
2200:
2187:
2178:
2080:
1982:
1976:
1934:Save Tigers Now
1928:partnered with
1910:protected areas
1902:
1896:
1836:
1830:
1800:and body pain.
1771:
1747:
1716:
1628:Indian elephant
1581:Indian hog deer
1521:
1459:
1447:Yarlung Tsangpo
1434:
1376:
1321:
1253:
1170:protected areas
816:
689:phylogeographic
687:. Results of a
681:glacial maximum
609:
574:Kumaon District
518:
455:
453:Characteristics
416:
352:Morphologically
311:scientific name
304:
209:
195:
185:
178:
72:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8451:
8441:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8390:
8373:
8372:
8370:
8369:
8356:
8343:
8330:
8317:
8304:
8291:
8278:
8265:
8252:
8237:
8221:
8219:
8213:
8212:
8198:
8197:
8195:
8194:
8186:
8178:
8169:
8167:
8163:
8162:
8160:
8159:
8151:
8143:
8135:
8127:
8119:
8110:
8108:
8104:
8103:
8101:
8100:
8092:
8083:
8081:
8077:
8076:
8074:
8073:
8065:
8057:
8049:
8040:
8038:
8034:
8033:
8017:
8015:
8013:
8012:
8004:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7978:
7969:
7967:
7963:
7962:
7947:
7946:
7939:
7932:
7924:
7915:
7914:
7912:
7911:
7903:
7895:
7886:
7884:
7880:
7879:
7877:
7876:
7874:Gandhi Jayanti
7871:
7866:
7860:
7858:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7850:
7842:
7834:
7826:
7818:
7810:
7802:
7794:
7789:Indian peafowl
7786:
7777:
7775:
7771:
7770:
7761:
7759:
7757:
7756:
7748:
7740:
7735:Jana Gana Mana
7732:
7724:
7716:
7707:
7705:
7704:Constitutional
7701:
7700:
7686:
7685:
7678:
7671:
7663:
7654:
7653:
7651:
7650:
7640:
7630:
7628:
7624:
7623:
7621:
7620:
7609:
7607:
7603:
7602:
7600:
7599:
7589:
7579:
7572:Indian leopard
7569:
7559:
7548:
7546:
7542:
7541:
7533:
7532:
7525:
7518:
7510:
7504:
7503:
7499:Big Cat Rescue
7491:
7483:
7481:. China Daily.
7474:
7454:"Bengal Tiger"
7450:
7426:
7408:
7407:External links
7405:
7404:
7403:
7385:(4): 340–353.
7362:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7340:
7323:
7308:
7286:
7267:
7239:
7209:
7202:
7184:
7169:
7151:
7123:
7096:(4): 659–680.
7080:
7053:(2): 257–269.
7037:
7030:
7008:
7001:
6978:
6971:
6953:
6946:
6928:
6905:
6894:on 7 June 2009
6872:
6851:
6829:
6803:
6773:
6740:
6718:
6687:
6637:
6602:
6595:
6577:
6548:(8): 592–596.
6528:
6500:
6472:
6447:
6425:
6411:
6385:
6374:on 5 June 2010
6354:
6337:
6304:
6287:
6275:
6250:
6223:
6206:Indian Express
6190:
6164:
6151:(5): 500–551.
6131:
6110:
6105:bt.chm-cbd.net
6089:
6072:
6065:
6034:
6008:
5982:
5971:on 15 May 2013
5960:
5929:
5910:
5892:
5855:(2): 125–137.
5835:
5816:
5793:
5786:
5765:
5733:
5728:Wildlife Times
5714:
5695:
5672:
5659:(3): 301–318.
5639:
5625:
5618:
5600:
5556:
5519:
5501:
5482:
5443:
5436:
5416:
5399:
5392:
5371:
5345:
5318:(4): 439–450.
5302:
5283:
5250:
5224:
5217:
5199:
5168:
5145:
5134:
5115:(1): 189–202.
5095:
5084:(3): 411–420.
5062:
5051:(2): 169–175.
5025:
5004:(3): 285–290.
4977:
4964:(2): 472–478.
4940:
4933:
4911:
4900:(3): 165–195.
4884:
4871:(2): 177–180.
4851:
4840:(5): 504–513.
4820:
4798:
4779:
4756:
4745:
4695:
4674:(6): 629–631.
4654:
4639:
4624:
4605:(3): 606–613.
4589:
4574:
4548:(4): 311–319.
4521:
4486:
4474:
4454:
4419:
4367:
4341:
4300:
4264:
4237:"Female tiger
4227:
4190:
4163:
4156:
4128:
4101:
4066:
4049:
4025:
3999:
3971:
3943:
3915:
3884:
3851:
3834:
3804:
3793:on 9 July 2020
3762:(2): 141–146.
3745:Karanth, K. U.
3736:
3717:
3706:
3677:
3648:(4): 351–362.
3628:
3590:
3545:
3518:(2): 113–124.
3498:
3476:
3459:
3452:
3434:
3419:
3397:
3374:
3347:
3314:(3): 329–331.
3291:
3284:
3262:
3243:(1): 255–259.
3227:
3205:
3157:
3130:
3106:
3058:
3051:
3025:
3018:
2988:
2971:
2942:(7): 954–957.
2919:
2899:
2852:S. J. (2004).
2838:
2811:(2): 113–124.
2791:
2742:
2719:
2662:
2651:
2626:
2600:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2515:Sumatran tiger
2512:
2507:
2505:Siberian tiger
2502:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2473:Tiger of Segur
2469:Thak man-eater
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2432:
2419:
2406:
2393:
2376:
2350:
2347:
2292:Pashupati seal
2275:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2260:Uththama Chola
2257:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2199:
2196:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2142:microsatellite
2107:United Kingdom
2097:In July 1976,
2079:
2076:
2049:tiger reserves
2029:Madhya Pradesh
2006:tiger reserves
1978:Main article:
1975:
1972:
1956:reintroduction
1914:metapopulation
1898:Main article:
1895:
1892:
1832:Main article:
1829:
1826:
1770:
1767:
1746:
1743:
1715:
1712:
1668:rhesus macaque
1608:Indian leopard
1585:Indian muntjac
1520:
1517:
1479:radio-collared
1458:
1455:
1433:
1430:
1375:
1372:
1320:
1317:
1313:climate change
1278:. Since 2001,
1252:
1249:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1097:Sathyamangalam
1073:
1038:
990:Central Indian
986:
815:
812:
808:Indus Riverine
743:including the
608:
605:
601:Siberian tiger
517:
514:
504:mutant is the
454:
451:
427:microsatellite
415:
412:
369:P. t. sondaica
303:
300:
229:
228:
224:
223:
215:
214:
207:
203:
202:
193:
189:
188:
176:
172:
171:
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
60:Adult male in
57:
56:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8450:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8389:
8386:
8385:
8383:
8366:
8361:
8357:
8353:
8348:
8344:
8340:
8335:
8331:
8327:
8322:
8318:
8314:
8309:
8305:
8301:
8296:
8292:
8288:
8283:
8279:
8275:
8270:
8266:
8262:
8257:
8253:
8248:
8242:
8238:
8233:
8227:
8223:
8222:
8220:
8218:
8214:
8210:
8205:
8190:
8187:
8182:
8179:
8174:
8171:
8170:
8168:
8166:Other symbols
8164:
8155:
8152:
8147:
8144:
8139:
8136:
8131:
8128:
8123:
8120:
8115:
8112:
8111:
8109:
8105:
8096:
8093:
8088:
8085:
8084:
8082:
8078:
8069:
8066:
8061:
8058:
8053:
8050:
8045:
8044:Shaheed Minar
8042:
8041:
8039:
8035:
8008:
8005:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7982:
7979:
7974:
7971:
7970:
7968:
7964:
7960:
7954:
7945:
7940:
7938:
7933:
7931:
7926:
7925:
7922:
7907:
7904:
7899:
7896:
7891:
7888:
7887:
7885:
7881:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7861:
7859:
7855:
7846:
7843:
7838:
7835:
7830:
7827:
7822:
7819:
7814:
7811:
7806:
7803:
7798:
7795:
7790:
7787:
7782:
7779:
7778:
7776:
7772:
7765:
7752:
7749:
7744:
7743:Vande Mataram
7741:
7736:
7733:
7728:
7725:
7720:
7717:
7712:
7711:Flag of India
7709:
7708:
7706:
7702:
7698:
7693:
7684:
7679:
7677:
7672:
7670:
7665:
7664:
7661:
7648:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7635:
7632:
7631:
7629:
7625:
7618:
7614:
7611:
7610:
7608:
7604:
7597:
7593:
7590:
7587:
7583:
7580:
7577:
7573:
7570:
7567:
7563:
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7543:
7538:
7531:
7526:
7524:
7519:
7517:
7512:
7511:
7508:
7500:
7496:
7492:
7488:
7484:
7480:
7475:
7463:
7459:
7455:
7451:
7439:
7435:
7431:
7427:
7423:
7419:
7417:
7411:
7410:
7400:
7396:
7392:
7388:
7384:
7380:
7379:
7378:Mammal Review
7374:
7370:
7365:
7364:
7351:
7344:
7336:
7335:
7327:
7319:
7312:
7296:
7290:
7282:
7278:
7271:
7256:
7255:
7250:
7243:
7227:
7223:
7219:
7213:
7205:
7203:0-676-97376-0
7199:
7195:
7188:
7180:
7173:
7165:
7161:
7155:
7147:
7143:
7139:
7138:
7133:
7127:
7119:
7115:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7099:
7095:
7091:
7084:
7076:
7072:
7068:
7064:
7060:
7056:
7052:
7048:
7041:
7033:
7027:
7023:
7019:
7012:
7004:
6998:
6994:
6993:
6988:
6982:
6974:
6968:
6964:
6957:
6949:
6943:
6939:
6932:
6924:
6920:
6916:
6909:
6893:
6889:
6885:
6879:
6877:
6868:
6864:
6858:
6856:
6847:
6843:
6839:
6833:
6818:
6814:
6807:
6791:
6787:
6783:
6777:
6761:
6757:
6756:
6751:
6744:
6733:
6731:
6722:
6706:
6702:
6698:
6691:
6683:
6679:
6675:
6671:
6667:
6663:
6659:
6655:
6648:
6641:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6613:
6606:
6598:
6592:
6588:
6581:
6573:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6555:
6551:
6547:
6543:
6539:
6532:
6516:
6515:
6510:
6504:
6489:
6488:
6483:
6476:
6468:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6451:
6443:
6439:
6435:
6429:
6421:
6415:
6399:
6395:
6389:
6373:
6369:
6365:
6358:
6351:
6347:
6341:
6325:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6308:
6301:
6297:
6291:
6284:
6279:
6272:
6268:
6264:
6260:
6254:
6238:
6234:
6227:
6212:
6208:
6207:
6201:
6194:
6179:
6175:
6168:
6159:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6142:
6135:
6127:
6120:
6114:
6106:
6099:
6093:
6082:
6076:
6068:
6066:9780900881602
6062:
6055:
6054:
6049:
6045:
6038:
6022:
6018:
6012:
5996:
5992:
5986:
5967:
5963:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5942:
5941:
5933:
5925:
5921:
5914:
5906:
5902:
5896:
5888:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5839:
5831:
5827:
5820:
5812:
5808:
5804:
5797:
5789:
5783:
5779:
5772:
5770:
5753:
5749:
5748:
5743:
5737:
5729:
5725:
5718:
5710:
5706:
5699:
5691:
5687:
5683:
5676:
5667:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5643:
5635:
5629:
5621:
5615:
5611:
5604:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5576:
5573:(2): 95–110.
5572:
5568:
5560:
5551:
5546:
5542:
5538:
5534:
5532:
5523:
5512:
5505:
5497:
5493:
5486:
5477:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5456:
5447:
5439:
5437:9780226736570
5433:
5429:
5428:
5420:
5412:
5411:
5403:
5395:
5389:
5385:
5382:
5375:
5367:
5360:
5358:
5349:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5317:
5313:
5306:
5298:
5294:
5287:
5278:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5254:
5246:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5220:
5218:9780062678843
5214:
5210:
5203:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5172:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5149:
5138:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5106:
5099:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5078:
5073:
5066:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5039:
5032:
5030:
5021:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4992:
4990:
4981:
4972:
4967:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4953:
4944:
4936:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4915:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4895:
4888:
4879:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4855:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4824:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4794:
4790:
4783:
4775:
4771:
4767:
4760:
4749:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4690:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4658:
4650:
4643:
4635:
4628:
4620:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4593:
4585:
4578:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4536:
4534:
4525:
4506:
4499:
4498:
4490:
4478:
4470:
4466:
4458:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4423:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4376:Sundarbans".
4371:
4355:
4351:
4345:
4336:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4304:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4268:
4259:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4240:
4231:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4203:
4194:
4183:
4176:
4175:
4167:
4159:
4153:
4149:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4124:
4117:
4116:
4108:
4106:
4086:
4079:
4078:
4070:
4062:
4061:
4053:
4042:
4038:
4032:
4030:
4014:
4010:
4003:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3975:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3947:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3919:
3908:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3889:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3855:
3847:
3846:
3838:
3827:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3808:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3750:
3746:
3740:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3632:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3594:
3585:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3549:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3502:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3472:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3430:
3423:
3415:
3411:
3404:
3402:
3393:
3389:
3387:
3378:
3370:
3363:
3362:
3354:
3352:
3343:
3337:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3287:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3266:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3223:
3222:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3173:
3164:
3162:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3134:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3110:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3054:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3038:
3029:
3021:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2992:
2984:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2936:Cell Research
2930:
2923:
2915:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2787:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2738:
2731:
2723:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2623:(3): 505–541.
2622:
2618:
2614:
2607:
2605:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2564:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2530:Bornean tiger
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:Malayan tiger
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2490:Caspian tiger
2488:
2487:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2319:Muslim League
2316:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2283:
2279:
2272:
2261:
2254:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2204:Tiger Canyons
2195:
2192:
2189:In May 2010,
2182:
2176:In Bangladesh
2173:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:mitochondrial
2128:
2127:mitochondrial
2124:
2120:
2119:Indira Gandhi
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2084:
2075:
2073:
2072:Asiatic lions
2068:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:Project Tiger
1995:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1980:Project Tiger
1971:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1852:opportunistic
1849:
1844:
1842:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1766:
1763:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1735:
1733:
1725:
1720:
1711:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1561:water buffalo
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1525:
1516:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1502:may maintain
1495:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1366:and 13–21 in
1365:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1337:
1330:
1325:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1280:afforestation
1277:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1182:Dangs' Forest
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:Western Ghats
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:Eastern Ghats
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
984:
980:
976:
972:
967:
963:
959:
958:
957:
954:
945:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:Western Ghats
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
834:
832:
825:
820:
811:
809:
805:
801:
798:In Pakistan,
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
659:right middle
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
613:
604:
602:
597:
595:
589:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
554:
550:
546:
539:
535:
532:
528:
522:
513:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
486:State of Rewa
483:
479:
475:
472:
468:
459:
450:
448:
445:in the early
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
421:
420:mitochondrial
411:
409:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
383:
379:
375:
371:
370:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
320:
316:
315:Carl Linnaeus
312:
308:
299:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:
240:
236:
225:
221:
216:
212:
208:
205:
204:
200:
199:
194:
191:
190:
183:
182:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
46:Bengal tiger
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
18:Bengal tigers
8216:
8137:
7981:Notuner Gaan
7966:Main symbols
7890:Indian rupee
7869:Republic Day
7781:Bengal tiger
7780:
7646:
7634:Asiatic lion
7616:
7595:
7585:
7582:Snow leopard
7575:
7565:
7562:Bengal tiger
7561:
7555:
7552:Asiatic lion
7498:
7466:. Retrieved
7462:the original
7457:
7442:. Retrieved
7438:the original
7433:
7421:
7415:
7382:
7376:
7372:
7368:
7349:
7343:
7333:
7326:
7317:
7311:
7299:. Retrieved
7289:
7280:
7270:
7258:. Retrieved
7252:
7242:
7230:. Retrieved
7226:the original
7221:
7212:
7193:
7187:
7178:
7172:
7163:
7154:
7136:
7126:
7093:
7089:
7083:
7050:
7046:
7040:
7021:
7011:
6991:
6981:
6962:
6956:
6937:
6931:
6923:the original
6918:
6908:
6896:. Retrieved
6892:the original
6887:
6867:the original
6846:the original
6841:
6832:
6820:. Retrieved
6816:
6806:
6794:. Retrieved
6790:the original
6785:
6776:
6766:25 September
6764:. Retrieved
6760:the original
6753:
6743:
6729:
6721:
6709:. Retrieved
6705:the original
6700:
6690:
6657:
6653:
6640:
6630:18 September
6628:. Retrieved
6624:the original
6619:
6615:
6605:
6586:
6580:
6545:
6541:
6531:
6519:. Retrieved
6512:
6503:
6491:. Retrieved
6485:
6475:
6467:the original
6460:
6450:
6442:the original
6437:
6428:
6414:
6402:. Retrieved
6397:
6388:
6376:. Retrieved
6372:the original
6367:
6357:
6349:
6340:
6328:. Retrieved
6324:the original
6317:
6307:
6299:
6290:
6278:
6262:
6253:
6241:. Retrieved
6236:
6226:
6214:. Retrieved
6203:
6193:
6181:. Retrieved
6177:
6167:
6148:
6144:
6134:
6125:
6113:
6104:
6092:
6075:
6052:
6047:
6043:
6037:
6025:. Retrieved
6021:the original
6011:
5999:. Retrieved
5995:the original
5985:
5975:24 September
5973:. Retrieved
5966:the original
5939:
5932:
5923:
5913:
5904:
5895:
5852:
5848:
5838:
5829:
5825:
5819:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5796:
5777:
5756:. Retrieved
5747:The Guardian
5745:
5736:
5727:
5717:
5708:
5698:
5690:the original
5685:
5675:
5656:
5652:
5642:
5628:
5609:
5603:
5570:
5566:
5559:
5540:
5536:
5530:
5522:
5504:
5495:
5485:
5466:
5460:
5454:
5446:
5426:
5419:
5409:
5402:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5365:
5356:
5348:
5332:10.2307/5647
5315:
5311:
5305:
5296:
5286:
5267:
5263:
5253:
5244:
5240:
5227:
5208:
5202:
5192:20 September
5190:. Retrieved
5186:the original
5181:
5171:
5162:
5158:
5148:
5137:
5112:
5108:
5098:
5081:
5075:
5071:
5065:
5048:
5044:
5001:
4997:
4988:
4980:
4961:
4957:
4951:
4943:
4924:
4914:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4868:
4864:
4854:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4823:
4814:
4801:
4792:
4788:
4782:
4773:
4769:
4765:
4759:
4748:
4715:
4711:
4698:
4671:
4667:
4657:
4651:(56): 14–15.
4648:
4642:
4627:
4602:
4598:
4592:
4583:
4577:
4566:the original
4545:
4541:
4532:
4524:
4512:. Retrieved
4496:
4489:
4477:
4468:
4457:
4432:
4428:
4422:
4381:
4377:
4370:
4358:. Retrieved
4344:
4317:
4313:
4303:
4278:
4274:
4267:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4230:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4193:
4182:the original
4173:
4166:
4148:
4144:
4131:
4114:
4092:. Retrieved
4076:
4069:
4059:
4052:
4016:. Retrieved
4012:
4002:
3990:. Retrieved
3984:
3974:
3962:. Retrieved
3956:
3946:
3934:. Retrieved
3928:
3918:
3907:the original
3896:Jhala, Y. V.
3868:
3864:
3854:
3844:
3837:
3826:the original
3817:
3813:Jhala, Y. V.
3807:
3795:. Retrieved
3788:the original
3759:
3755:
3739:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3712:the original
3697:
3645:
3641:
3631:
3619:. Retrieved
3612:the original
3607:
3603:
3593:
3569:(11): 1–13.
3566:
3562:
3556:
3548:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3501:
3492:
3479:
3469:
3462:
3443:
3437:
3428:
3422:
3413:
3391:
3386:Felis Tigris
3385:
3377:
3360:
3336:cite journal
3311:
3305:
3275:
3265:
3240:
3236:
3230:
3220:
3181:
3177:
3171:
3152:the original
3147:
3143:
3133:
3120:
3116:
3109:
3085:(152): 1–8.
3082:
3076:
3042:
3036:
3028:
3001:
2991:
2981:
2974:
2939:
2935:
2922:
2913:
2868:(12): e442.
2865:
2862:PLOS Biology
2861:
2855:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2759:
2755:
2745:
2736:
2722:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2657:the original
2642:
2620:
2616:
2594:
2589:Felis tigris
2588:
2580:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2451:
2438:
2422:
2409:
2396:
2379:
2366:
2357:
2335:Tipu's Tiger
2325:, who ruled
2312:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2230:
2223:
2221:
2217:South Africa
2212:Dave Salmoni
2203:
2201:
2188:
2179:
2158:
2153:
2111:reintroduced
2103:Twycross Zoo
2096:
2093:
2078:In captivity
2069:
2062:
2046:
2042:camera traps
2035:by 57%, and
2018:
2015:
1999:
1949:
1938:
1933:
1923:
1903:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1847:
1845:
1837:
1834:Tiger attack
1802:
1790:
1785:urbanisation
1772:
1759:
1750:
1749:None of the
1748:
1736:
1728:
1705:
1696:
1692:
1680:fishing cats
1659:
1656:Indian cobra
1651:
1605:
1534:
1509:
1500:
1488:
1471:
1442:Mêdog County
1435:
1423:
1408:
1403:camera traps
1393:
1377:
1357:
1342:
1310:
1289:
1276:spotted deer
1269:
1254:
1228:
1217:
1215:since 2013.
1190:
1178:Mishmi Hills
1165:
1140:
1093:Parambikulam
971:Dudhwa-Kheri
950:
841:
840:include the
835:
831:Camera traps
828:
797:
785:Shuklaphanta
744:
618:
598:
590:
559:
547:
544:
523:
519:
510:
506:golden tiger
464:
417:
405:
401:P. t. tigris
400:
385:P. t. tigris
384:
368:
364:P. t. tigris
363:
345:
340:
321:
307:Felis tigris
306:
305:
297:
289:habitat loss
242:
235:Bengal tiger
234:
232:
211:Bengal tiger
210:
206:Population:
196:
192:Subspecies:
179:
167:
40:
8295:iNaturalist
8241:Wikispecies
7160:Kipling, R.
6701:India Today
6239:. New Delhi
6178:India Times
4795:(2): 81–85.
4384:: 830–840.
4320:: 272–282.
4251:: 125–128.
4094:18 February
4037:Jhala, Y.V.
3178:BMC Zoology
2525:Javan tiger
2436:Indian film
2416:Baghdad Zoo
2323:Tipu Sultan
2161:Alipore Zoo
2033:Maharashtra
2019:The Indian
1822:Maharashtra
1529:Sambar deer
1395:Royal Manas
1284:camera trap
1232:Radhanagari
1128:Brahmaputra
1027:Kuno–Palpur
1023:Ranthambore
1015:Bandhavgarh
685:land bridge
631:, southern
621:Indus River
562:Leeds Tiger
467:white tiger
397:populations
360:Pleistocene
267:, southern
257:Indus River
157:Pantherinae
153:Subfamily:
8413:Sundarbans
8382:Categories
8130:Water lily
8114:Mango Tree
7909:(Calendar)
7893:(Currency)
7848:(Microber)
7837:King cobra
7468:24 October
7194:Life of Pi
7132:Carter, T.
6947:0195606868
6919:TylerPaper
6822:31 October
6796:31 October
6596:070432282X
6521:27 January
6493:27 January
6283:Background
6271:0815511337
6027:30 October
6001:30 October
5952:World Bank
5813:: 161–199.
5381:Der Tiger
5241:Tigerpaper
4718:: 108192.
4535:in Bhutan"
3797:23 October
2572:References
2520:Bali tiger
2454:man-eating
2398:Life of Pi
2373:Shere Khan
2243:In culture
2208:John Varty
2010:ecosystems
1941:Endangered
1798:rheumatism
1708:man-eaters
1648:king cobra
1620:sloth bear
1557:barasingha
1483:dispersing
1257:Sundarbans
1251:Bangladesh
1220:Sundarbans
872:corridor,
852:. TCUs in
822:Tigers in
804:Bahawalpur
651:since the
637:Bangladesh
627:, western
494:Chittagong
480:, Bengal,
423:nucleotide
273:Bangladesh
263:, western
251:since the
239:population
137:Feliformia
133:Suborder:
8189:Bangamata
8146:Jackfruit
7999:Red-Green
7840:(Reptile)
7399:202040786
7146:14047956M
7118:145632352
7075:145790819
6987:Singh, U.
6898:27 August
6462:The Hindu
6368:The Times
6211:New Delhi
5924:The Hindu
5905:The Hindu
5595:147189479
5533:and why?"
5247:(1): 1–5.
5006:CiteSeerX
4894:Behaviour
4776:(1): 1–7.
4740:202847357
3986:The Hindu
2434:The 2014
2331:automaton
2282:Pashupati
2278:Pashupati
2134:haplotype
2037:Rajasthan
2000:In 1973,
1906:Himalayan
1888:Karnataka
1882:from the
1848:confirmed
1841:porcupine
1813:Allahabad
1724:Karnataka
1660:Naja naja
1593:porcupine
1577:wild boar
1541:ungulates
1537:carnivore
1467:Rajasthan
1384:Himalayan
1380:districts
1272:bioregion
1176:. In the
1162:Meghalaya
1158:Kaziranga
1117:Kudremukh
1101:Mudumalai
1066:Udayagiri
898:Meghalaya
894:Kaziranga
870:Indravati
810:jungles.
789:Kishanpur
741:Himalayas
721:mangroves
673:Sri Lanka
576:and near
570:Mussoorie
502:recessive
471:recessive
439:Sri Lanka
378:Sundaland
356:gene flow
328:in 1929.
181:P. tigris
175:Species:
127:Carnivora
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
8339:14000260
8226:Wikidata
7800:(Flower)
7784:(Animal)
7754:(Pledge)
7738:(Anthem)
7722:(Emblem)
7586:P. uncia
7537:Big cats
7458:Panthera
7434:WildTeam
7254:Newsweek
7162:(1910).
7134:(1893).
6989:(2008).
6682:41046139
6572:18424146
6404:29 April
6378:26 April
5887:23836312
5752:Archived
5730:(20): 9.
5709:BBC News
5297:Mongabay
4815:Cat News
4649:Cat News
4514:6 August
4505:Archived
4414:73418836
4406:30738263
4354:Archived
4085:Archived
3964:17 March
3784:55280343
3672:21392353
3621:25 April
3540:86096562
3388:No. 201"
3328:84134909
3307:Mammalia
3200:23235257
2966:28281538
2894:15583716
2833:86096562
2786:30482605
2737:Cat News
2714:26601191
2613:"Tigers"
2483:See also
2386:leopards
2185:In Nepal
2090:in India
2031:by 61%,
1974:In India
1952:Cambodia
1843:quills.
1769:Poaching
1755:poaching
1688:gharials
1543:such as
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1329:George V
1292:WildTeam
1259:and the
1224:mangrove
1195:area in
1193:Lunavada
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1089:Bandipur
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1058:Kanigiri
1011:Navegaon
975:Pilibhit
962:Sivaliks
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910:Simlipal
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737:degraded
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669:Kuruwita
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