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It is dramatic evidence of the catastrophic erosion of northwestern
Madagascar. Removal of the native forest for cultivation and pastureland during the past 50 years has led to massive annual soil losses approaching 250 metric tonnes per hectare (112 tons per acre) in some regions of the island, the
392:. The river is distinctive for its red-coloured water, which is caused by river sediments. The river carries an enormous amount of reddish-orange silt to the sea. Much of this silt is deposited at the mouth of the river or in the bay.
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591:"Environmental monitoring of Bombetoka bay and the Betsiboka estuary, Madagascar, using multi-temporal satellite data"
512:"Environmental monitoring of Bombetoka Bay and the Betsiboka Estuary, Madagascar, using multi-temporal satellite data"
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Map of
Malagasy rivers (Betsiboka flows from the center to the northwestern coast).
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largest amount recorded anywhere in the world. Several fish species are
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290:(Period: 1971–2000)1,407.1 m/s (49,690 cu ft/s)
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is a 525-kilometre (326 mi) long river in central-north
71:
30:
363:
Amparihibe, Saharanotra, Mananara, Mananta, Isinko, Kamoro
250:
525 km (326 mi) to 605 km (376 mi)
589:Tsilavo Raharimahefa and Timothy M. Kusky (2010).
510:Tsilavo, Raharimahefa; Timothy, M. Kusky (2010).
1080:
509:
647:
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310:4,500 m/s (160,000 cu ft/s)
41:
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460:The Betsiboka River in normal conditions
376:. It flows northwestward and empties to
448:Betsiboka River estuary seen from space
428:The Betsiboka's largest tributary, the
300:400 m/s (14,000 cu ft/s)
258:49,000 km (19,000 sq mi)
1081:
623:at Lunar and Planetary Institute, USRA
635:
554:
561:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 82.
13:
558:Madagascar: The Bradt Travel Guide
14:
1105:
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114:Confluence of Jabo and Amparihibe
472:The Betsiboka River when flooded
465:
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29:
384:. It originates to the east of
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199: • coordinates
120: • coordinates
1:
555:Bradt, Hilary (17 May 2011).
489:
432:, drains the capital city of
388:. The river is surrounded in
92:Physical characteristics
35:Rapids in the Betsiboka River
238: • elevation
159: • elevation
7:
477:
276: • location
183: • location
110: • location
10:
1110:
306: • maximum
296: • minimum
286: • average
163:939 m (3,081 ft)
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528:10.1007/s12583-010-0019-y
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621:Sediment Laden Drainages
516:Journal of Earth Science
359: • right
345: • left
627:NASA: Earth from Space
616:NASA Earth Observatory
404:, including the three
698:Andranotsimisiamalona
221:15.81528°S 46.27028°E
142:18.35917°S 47.48667°E
1089:Rivers of Madagascar
738:Canal des Pangalanes
612:Floods in Madagascar
242:0 m (0 ft)
319:Basin features
226:-15.81528; 46.27028
217: /
147:-18.35917; 47.48667
138: /
16:River in Madagascar
1094:Mozambique Channel
410:Paretroplus petiti
380:, forming a large
192:Mozambique Channel
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568:978-1-84162-341-2
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848:Mananara (South)
718:Bemarivo (Sofia)
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593:. Archived from
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484:Betsiboka Bridge
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370:Betsiboka River
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331:Betsiboka River
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23:Betsiboka River
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606:External links
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597:on 2012-12-09.
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823:Mahavavy Sud
727:
595:the original
584:
572:. Retrieved
557:
550:
542:"Madagascar"
536:
519:
515:
434:Antananarivo
427:
422:P. maculatus
420:
414:
408:
394:
386:Antananarivo
369:
368:
326:River system
86:Ambato-Boeny
22:
1053:Tsiribihina
1033:Sandrangato
1028:Sandrananta
838:Manamptrana
522:: 210–226.
430:Ikopa River
402:river basin
336:Tributaries
224: /
145: /
1083:Categories
988:Sahatandra
983:Saharenana
978:Sahamaitso
923:Menarandra
913:Matitanana
753:Fiherenana
703:Ankavanana
667:Madagascar
490:References
416:P. tsimoly
374:Madagascar
353:, Iabohazo
255:Basin size
212:46°16′13″E
209:15°48′55″S
133:47°29′12″E
130:18°21′33″S
62:Madagascar
1038:Simianona
1023:Sambirano
998:Sakaleona
928:Morondava
918:Matsiatra
908:Marimbona
903:Maningoza
898:Maningory
873:Manambovo
868:Manambolo
863:Mananjeba
858:Mananjary
833:Manambolo
828:Manambaho
803:Mahajamba
743:Fanambana
733:Bombetoka
728:Betsiboka
723:Besokatra
574:8 January
390:mangroves
267:Discharge
82:Mahajanga
1068:Zomandao
1058:Vohipeno
1003:Sakanila
993:Sahatavy
938:Nosivolo
933:Namorona
878:Mandrare
813:Maharivo
808:Mahajilo
713:Bemarivo
693:Anjobony
478:See also
406:cichlids
53:Location
1063:Vohitra
1043:Sisaony
973:Rianila
968:Rantabe
948:Onilahy
888:Mangoro
883:Mangoky
783:Ivondro
748:Faraony
400:to the
398:endemic
58:Country
1018:Sambao
1013:Sakeny
963:Ranobe
958:Ramena
793:Lokoho
758:Iazafo
688:Ambato
675:Rivers
663:Rivers
565:
349:Jano,
339:
270:
247:Length
177:
104:
101:Source
68:Region
1048:Sofia
1008:Sakay
953:Onive
943:Onibe
893:Mania
788:Linta
778:Irodo
773:Ikopa
768:Ihosy
763:Ifasy
382:delta
351:Ikopa
173:Mouth
72:Boeny
798:Loky
576:2013
563:ISBN
419:and
78:City
665:of
614:at
524:doi
1085::
520:21
518:.
514:.
498:^
436:.
425:.
413:,
190:,
84:,
655:e
648:t
641:v
578:.
544:.
530:.
526::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
