1232:
1297:
1242:
20:
28:
138:
Sediment transport and suspension in
Bombetoka Bay has significantly changed during the past 30 years, with a dramatic increase in the amount of sediment moved by the Betsiboka river, and deposited in the estuary and in offshore delta lobes. These changes have adversely affected agriculture,
974:
759:
644:
884:
182:
619:
879:
349:
374:
384:
984:
639:
634:
629:
364:
919:
624:
614:
414:
359:
354:
149:
969:
949:
409:
394:
389:
294:
1079:
674:
519:
1125:
429:
419:
404:
399:
1150:
1120:
1039:
929:
739:
504:
324:
424:
344:
1165:
769:
584:
549:
544:
499:
299:
1135:
1004:
944:
844:
794:
784:
749:
789:
684:
649:
589:
494:
454:
85:
forests. In fact, Bombetoka Bay is home to some of
Madagascar's largest remaining communities of mangroves, which provide shelter for diverse
1064:
1049:
1034:
1029:
964:
809:
804:
604:
559:
539:
534:
459:
304:
1258:
894:
1069:
999:
859:
824:
764:
469:
439:
1372:
1014:
1009:
959:
904:
659:
1059:
954:
924:
899:
874:
819:
814:
574:
529:
774:
113:. The mangrove forests capture river-borne sediment that would smother coastal reefs, while reefs buffer the mangroves from pounding
186:
1338:
218:
1377:
183:"Environmental monitoring of bombetoka bay and the Betsiboka estuary, Madagascar, using multi-temporal satellite data"
157:
1331:
1367:
1357:
74:
carried in by the
Betsiboka River and have been shaped by the flow of the river and the push and pull of
211:
569:
1324:
939:
1130:
153:
379:
484:
204:
8:
1170:
1312:
1155:
679:
579:
114:
55:
1140:
664:
434:
261:
369:
1190:
1180:
1175:
994:
934:
724:
709:
694:
479:
23:
Betsiboka River estuary and
Bombetoka Bay seen from space. (North is to the right.)
699:
1115:
554:
514:
334:
51:
839:
1362:
1308:
1213:
1208:
704:
509:
489:
474:
339:
319:
271:
246:
1351:
1273:
1260:
1246:
1236:
1185:
1160:
1145:
1105:
979:
729:
714:
464:
449:
444:
256:
1110:
989:
734:
719:
689:
599:
329:
251:
27:
1296:
1218:
1019:
754:
289:
241:
180:
121:
1074:
1044:
1024:
889:
854:
834:
829:
799:
609:
594:
564:
132:
106:
94:
90:
43:
1241:
1084:
1054:
914:
909:
869:
864:
849:
779:
654:
314:
309:
139:
fisheries, and transportation for one of
Madagascar's largest ports.
110:
81:
Along coastlines and on the islands, the vegetation is predominantly
47:
19:
744:
669:
82:
71:
1089:
266:
86:
67:
63:
196:
129:
102:
59:
1304:
125:
98:
75:
105:. Along the northwest coast of Madagascar, mangroves and
39:
181:Tsilavo Raharimahefa and Timothy M. Kusky (2010).
1349:
1332:
212:
109:partner to create dynamic, diverse coastal
1339:
1325:
219:
205:
26:
18:
1350:
200:
31:Bombetoka Bay seen by Spot satellite.
1291:
93:communities, as well as habitat for
135:abound in the surrounding terrain.
13:
1373:Important Bird Areas of Madagascar
14:
1389:
1295:
1240:
1230:
975:Saint Francis Bay (Eastern Cape)
226:
174:
1:
142:
42:on the northwestern coast of
1311:. You can help Knowledge by
7:
150:"Bombetoka Bay, Madagascar"
10:
1394:
1378:Madagascar geography stubs
1290:
128:farming are common, while
1227:
1199:
1098:
280:
232:
70:from the large amount of
940:Porto Alexandre, Angola
645:Enseada dos Três Irmãos
1307:location article is a
760:Hirghīgo Bahir Selat’ē
154:NASA Earth Observatory
32:
24:
1274:15.81528°S 46.27028°E
880:Mietjie Frans se Baai
485:Bay of Saint-Augustin
30:
22:
1131:Canal de São Vicente
885:Moraha Bahir Selat’ē
375:Baia de Porto Amboim
1279:-15.81528; 46.27028
1270: /
1171:Strait of Gibraltar
1156:Mozambique Channel
985:Saint Sebastian Bay
640:Enseada do Quitungo
635:Enseada do Quicombo
630:Enseada do Chalungo
620:Enseada de São Braz
380:Baía de Santa Marta
66:have formed in the
1368:Mozambique Channel
1358:Bays of Madagascar
920:Plaatjieskraalbaai
680:Ghoubbet-el-Kharab
625:Enseada do Catumbo
615:Enseada das Pombas
580:Dakhlet Nouadhibou
56:Mozambique Channel
33:
25:
1320:
1319:
1253:
1252:
1247:Oceans portal
1237:Africa portal
1141:Guardafui Channel
970:Saint Francis Bay
665:Fernao Veloso Bay
435:Baie de Sangareya
385:Baía de Sucujaque
262:Mediterranean Sea
46:near the city of
16:Bay in Madagascar
1385:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1245:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1191:Zanzibar Channel
1181:Straits of Tiran
1176:Strait of Sicily
1080:Walvis Bay (bay)
995:Sandwich Harbour
935:Pointe-Noire Bay
725:Gulf of Tadjoura
710:Gulf of Hammamet
675:Frederik se Baai
480:Bay of Langarano
365:Baía de Mossuril
350:Baía da Condúcia
221:
214:
207:
198:
197:
191:
190:
185:. Archived from
178:
168:
166:
165:
156:. Archived from
1393:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1239:
1231:
1229:
1223:
1201:
1195:
1151:Massawa Channel
1121:Canal de Bolola
1116:Canal de Bolama
1094:
1040:Spoegrivierbaai
930:Plettenbergbaai
740:Hafun Bay South
555:Chake-Chake Bay
515:Bight of Biafra
360:Baía de Mocambo
355:Baía da Corimba
335:Antsiranana Bay
325:Angra de Cintra
282:
276:
234:
228:
225:
195:
194:
179:
175:
163:
161:
148:
145:
54:flows into the
52:Betsiboka River
17:
12:
11:
5:
1391:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1300:
1251:
1250:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1214:Erythraean Sea
1211:
1209:Aethiopian Sea
1205:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:Shubuk Channel
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
950:Río de Oro Bay
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
770:Hottentotsbaai
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
705:Gulf of Guinea
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
585:Dalwakteah Bay
582:
577:
572:
570:Conception Bay
567:
562:
557:
552:
550:Cape Negro Bay
547:
545:Cape Cross Bay
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
510:Bight of Benin
507:
502:
497:
492:
490:Bay of Tangier
487:
482:
477:
475:Bay of Hawakil
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
410:Baía do Govuro
407:
402:
397:
395:Baía do Ambriz
392:
390:Baía de Tombua
387:
382:
377:
372:
370:Baía de Namibe
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
320:Ana Chaves Bay
317:
312:
307:
302:
300:Al Hoceima Bay
297:
295:Acheïl Dakhlet
292:
286:
284:
278:
277:
275:
274:
272:Southern Ocean
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
247:Atlantic Ocean
244:
238:
236:
230:
229:
224:
223:
216:
209:
201:
193:
192:
189:on 2012-12-09.
172:
171:
170:
169:
144:
141:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1390:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1226:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1186:Tigres Strait
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1161:Pemba Channel
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1146:Mafia Channel
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1136:Canal do Meio
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1126:Canal de Caió
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1106:Bab-el-Mandeb
1104:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1005:Skoonbergbaai
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
980:St Helena Bay
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
945:Prinzen Bucht
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
845:McDougall Bay
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
795:John Owen Bay
793:
791:
788:
786:
785:Inhambane Bay
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
750:Harrison Cove
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
730:Gulf of Tunis
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
715:Gulf of Sidra
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
700:Gulf of Gabès
698:
696:
695:Gulf of 'Agig
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
525:Bombetoka Bay
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
465:Bay of Beylul
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
450:Bay of Arguin
448:
446:
445:Bay of Anfile
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
430:Baie de Gorée
428:
426:
423:
421:
420:Baía do Nzeto
418:
416:
415:Baía do Lúrio
413:
411:
408:
406:
405:Baía do Dande
403:
401:
400:Baía do Bengo
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
287:
285:
279:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
257:Levantine Sea
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
237:
231:
222:
217:
215:
210:
208:
203:
202:
199:
188:
184:
177:
173:
160:on 2006-09-30
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:
140:
136:
134:
131:
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
79:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
36:Bombetoka Bay
29:
21:
1313:expanding it
1302:
1287:
1255:
1111:Bab Iskender
990:Saldanha Bay
840:Lüderitz Bay
790:Jammer Bucht
735:Gulf of Zula
720:Gulf of Suez
690:Gulf of Aden
685:Grosse Bucht
650:Equimina Bay
600:Dungonab Bay
590:Deurloopbaai
524:
520:Bocock’s Bay
495:Benguela Bay
455:Bay of Arzew
425:Baía do Suto
345:Baía Almeida
330:Antongil Bay
252:Indian Ocean
227:African seas
187:the original
176:
162:. Retrieved
158:the original
137:
120:Near water,
119:
80:
50:, where the
35:
34:
1277: /
1219:Sea of Zanj
1065:Tietiesbaai
1050:Swartstraat
1035:Spencer Bay
1030:Somnaasbaai
1020:Sodwana Bay
965:Rooiwalbaai
810:Lambert Bay
805:Kiwaiyu Bay
755:Henties Bay
605:Durissa Bay
560:Chameis Bay
540:Cabinda Bay
535:Bosluisbaai
505:Betty’s Bay
460:Bay of Aseb
340:Arab's Gulf
305:Algiers Bay
290:Abu Qir Bay
242:Alboran Sea
133:plantations
107:coral reefs
95:sea turtles
58:. Numerous
1352:Categories
1265:46°16′13″E
1262:15°48′55″S
1200:Historical
1075:Walker Bay
1070:Ungama Bay
1045:Struisbaai
1025:Sofala Bay
1000:Sierra Bay
890:Mossel Bay
860:Markusbaai
855:Maputo Bay
835:Luanda Bay
830:Lobito Bay
825:Loango Bay
800:Kalawy Bay
765:Horingbaai
610:Elands Bay
595:Doringbaai
565:Chwaka Bay
500:Bera’esoli
470:Bay of Edd
440:Bandombaai
164:2006-05-17
143:References
111:ecosystems
91:crustacean
44:Madagascar
1085:Yawri Bay
1055:Table Bay
1015:Slangbaai
1010:Skurfbaai
960:Roode Bay
915:Pipas Bay
910:Pemba Bay
905:Oran Gulf
870:Menai Bay
865:Memba Bay
850:Manza Bay
780:Hydra Bay
660:Farta Bay
655:False Bay
315:Ambas Bay
310:Algoa Bay
48:Mahajanga
1060:Thysbaai
955:Rock Bay
925:Platbaai
900:Noopbaai
895:Möwebaai
875:Meob Bay
820:Langbaai
815:Lamu Bay
745:Hann Bay
670:Foul Bay
575:Cuio Bay
530:Bootbaai
283:and bays
235:and seas
83:mangrove
72:sediment
64:sandbars
1099:Straits
1090:Yof Bay
775:Hurdiyo
267:Red Sea
103:dugongs
87:mollusk
68:estuary
60:islands
233:Oceans
130:coffee
122:shrimp
101:, and
1363:Boeny
1305:Boeny
1303:This
281:Gulfs
99:birds
76:tides
38:is a
1309:stub
1202:seas
126:rice
124:and
115:surf
89:and
62:and
40:bay
1354::
152:.
117:.
97:,
78:.
1340:e
1333:t
1326:v
1315:.
220:e
213:t
206:v
167:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
