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capacity, which in turn drove a significant portion of the
Michigan economy. These promotional strategies, including rebates, employee pricing and 0 percent financing, have boosted sales but have also cut into profits. More importantly such promotions drain the automaker's cash reserves in the near term while in the long run the company suffers the stigma of selling vehicles because of low price instead of technical merit. Automakers have since been reduced and scaled back on incentives and raise prices, while cutting production. The
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not have a universal health care system. With most of these plans underfunded in the late 1990s, the companies offered and provided retirement packages to its elder senior workers, and made agreements with the UAW to transfer pension obligations to an independent trust. In 2009, the CBC reported that the non-unionized
Japanese automakers, with their younger American workforces, lower wages and fewer retirees would continue to enjoy a cost advantage over the Big Three.
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261:” of the past acted as loss leaders, but were designed to bring customers to the brand in the hopes they would stay loyal and move up to more profitable models. The report estimated that an automaker needed to sell ten small cars to make the same profit as one big vehicle, and that they had to produce small and mid-size cars profitably to succeed, something that the Detroit three had trouble doing.
229:. After surpassing Ford as the world's second-largest automaker by 2005, Toyota surpassed Ford in 2007 as the second-largest U.S. automaker, a title Ford had held since 1931. However, by 2010, because of Toyota's controversy surrounding their unintended acceleration recall, Toyota fell back to fourth place in U.S. sales in the 2010s, and allowed G.M., Ford and Chrysler to reclaim their title as the
237:
result in higher labor costs than other multinational automakers, including those with plants in North
America. The 2005 Harbour Report estimated that Toyota's lead in labor productivity amounted to a cost advantage of $ 350 US to $ 500 US per vehicle over American manufacturers. The UAW agreed to a two-tier wage in recent 2007 negotiations, something which the CAW has so far refused.
313:. On June 3, 2011, Fiat bought out the remaining US Treasury's stake in Chrysler for $ 500 million, increasing its ownership of the automaker to 53 percent. On January 21, 2014, Fiat bought out the remaining stake in Chrysler Group that it did not already hold from the United Auto Workers' employee medical benefit retirement trust.
557:
magazine's "100 Top Global Brands" by dollar value, as ranked by leading brand consultancy
Interbrand. The Toyota marque was valued at US$ 22.67 billion, ranking it ninth among all global brand names - automotive or non-automotive, edging out that of Mercedes-Benz. 2010 end of year production figures
538:
Toyota has always been by far Japan's largest automaker, and it recently overtook perennial world leader GM in both production and sales by early 2008. As the most aggressive of Japan's companies when it came to expanding into light trucks and luxury vehicles, this proved largely successful. Their
506:
The success of the
Japanese automakers, which specialized primarily in more compact and fuel efficient budget friendly economical vehicles, especially in the aftermath of the energy crisis, contributed to their American counterparts losing market share in the late 1970s due to a lack of comparable
244:
In order to improve profits, the
Detroit automakers made deals with unions to reduce wages while making pension and health care commitments. GM, for instance, at one time picked up the entire cost of funding health insurance premiums of its employees, their survivors and GM retirees, as the US did
236:
Ignoring all other reasons for The Big Three's decline, and beginning with a fixed ideological/political premise that efficiency is best achieved by reducing the wages and working conditions of the lowest ranked employees, advocates of the neoclassical economic viewpoint argue that Union labor can
264:
Falling sales and market share at times have resulted in the Big Three's plants operating below capacity leading to production cuts, plant reductions, closures and layoffs. Market incentives and subsidized leases were implemented to help sales which was crucial to keeping the plants operating at
535:(GATT). Establishing US production facilities was also a significant step in improving public relations, along with philanthropy, lobbying efforts, and sharing technology. Europe has still largely maintained its protectionism policies against Japanese cars, though theirs varies considerably.
507:
vehicles in their respective portfolios of vehicles marketed. Unions and lobbyists in both North
America and Europe, which was likewise affected, consequently put pressure on their governments to regulate and restrict imports to offset market imbalances at the time. In 1981, Japan agreed to
339:
has been included, thus the expression "big four" has been used. Tesla as of 2021 ranked as the fourth-largest
American automobile manufacturer by production output while being by far the fastest growing as well as being the most valuable in terms of its market valuation measured by market
198:
in which Ford then owned a 33.4 % controlling interest) by 1999 to 9.15 million by 2005 (when G.M. was expected to produce 9.10 million). The Big Three are distinguished not just by their size and geography, but by their business model. All three have their headquarters in the
248:
Despite the history of their marques, several long-running cars have been discontinued or relegated to fleet sales, as the Big Three shifted away resources from midsize and compact cars to lead the "SUV Craze". Since the late 1990s, over half of their profits have come from
502:
for the Acura brand. The NSX was the world's first all-aluminum production car, and was also marketed and viewed by some as the "Everyday
Supercar" thanks in part to its ease of use, quality and reliability, traits that were unheard of in the supercar segment at the time.
446:
It was generally regarded as a major shock to the
European marques. BMW and Mercedes-Benz's US sales figures dropped 29 percent and 19 percent, respectively, with the then-BMW chairman Eberhard von Kuenheim accusing Lexus of dumping in that market. Nissan's
416:
in 1986, Japanese automobiles exports were primarily economical in design and largely targeted at low-cost consumers. The Japanese big three created their luxury marques to challenge the established brands. Following Honda's lead, Toyota launched the
287:, the Big Three were re-strategizing and adapting their operations idling or converting light truck plants to passenger vehicle cars. Due to the declining residual value of its vehicles, Chrysler has stopped offering leases on its vehicles.
526:
Consequently, Japanese companies responded by investing heavily in US production facilities, as they were not subject to the VER. Unlike the plants of domestic automakers, Japanese plants are non-unionized (save for
194:), although Ford was in 1999 expected to surpass G.M. as the world's largest automaker by 2005, by increasing its production from around 7.77 million vehicles a year (of which about 1 million produced by
1367:
1945:"BusinessWeek Reports Interbrand's Annual Ranking of the 100 Top Global Brands in August 2nd Issue. Most Successful Companies on This Year's List Are Building Communities Around Their 'Cult Brands'"
607:(subsidiary of Ford Motor Company), but are not considered as part of this grouping, although they are among the top selling brands in Europe - they are both foreign-owned (Opel is a subsidiary of
269:
and inflated higher crude prices in 2008 resulted in the plummeting popularity of best-selling trucks and SUVs, led automakers to continue offering heavy incentives to help clear excess inventory.
1179:
366:, among many others, have long been considered the leaders in the segment of small fuel-efficient cars. A major contributing factor to their success was when their vehicles benefitted from the
543:
became the top-selling luxury marque worldwide in 2000, despite being only started up in 1989. Consequently, Toyota's stock price has traded at a much higher premium than other automakers.
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Nissan regained its position on second place, financial difficulties in the late 1990s caused it to lose its place to Honda before. Nissan is Japan’s second largest automaker and was
1918:
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as the major shareholders, some media sources now list Detroit as having a "Big Two" (GM and Ford) as opposed to a "Big Three". Chrysler has become part of multinational auto giant
233:. Toyota, however, overtook GM as the best-selling automaker in the United States in 2021, marking the first time a non-American automaker has led US auto sales for a full year.
1598:
1393:
1180:"Chevrolet Volt and Aveo, Pontiac G3 Among Small Cars That Need Big Profits - Car News/Latest News & Reviews/Car Shopping/Hot Lists/Reviews/Car and Driver - Car And Driver"
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241:, which was spun off from GM in 1999, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy after the UAW refused to cut their wages and GM is expected to be liable for a $ 7 billion shortfall.
771:
494:, a midship V6 powered, rear-wheel-drive sports car. The NSX, an acronym for "New Sports eXperimental", was billed as the first Japanese car capable of competing with
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182:. G.M., Ford and Chrysler were for a time the three largest automakers in the world, with G.M. and Ford remaining as the world's two largest until mid-
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because of an earmarked impending tailpipe emissions requirement. In response, Governor Schwarzenegger told the Big Three to "get off butt".
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of Japanese car-makers beyond their econobox successes, as well as being credited as a catalyst for the import performance parts industry.
31:
is used for the country's three largest motor vehicle manufacturers, especially indicating companies that sell under multiple brand names.
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531:), so they have lower wage expenses and do not face the risk of strikes. The VER was lifted in 1994 upon agreement of all members of
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In 2008, with relatively high energy prices, a stagnant and declining economy and an overall tense market situation due to the
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253:, while they often could not break even on compact cars unless the buyer chose options. Ron Harbour, in releasing the
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system offered on a motor vehicle, and numerous interior luxury appointments. These made it competitive against the
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550:. Suzuki, Mazda, and Mitsubishi are in a distant fourth, fifth, and sixth place compared to the Japanese Big Three.
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capitalization. In 2021 Tesla was worth more than all of Japan‘s and Germany‘s largest automakers combined.
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are often referred to as "Germany's Big Three", although the actual major automobile manufacturers are the
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did not file for bankruptcy. The United States and Canadian government control are reported as temporary.
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Once Upon a Car: The Fall and Resurrection of America's Big Three Auto Makers--GM, Ford, and Fiat Chrysler
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1671:"Lexus LS 400, LS 430 and LS 460 Generations: Setting the Standard in the Most Comfortable Way Possible"
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1063:"UAW, General Motors Temporarily Table Health Care Trust Negotiations After Five-Day Deadlock on Issue"
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was the first to form a large, multi-brand, motor-vehicle corporation (in the 1910s), followed by the
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623:), and are largely Germany based and carry out much of their research and development in the nation.
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634:, and later in mid-2010s also General Motors, to become the world's second largest automaker, after
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1804:"PERC - The Property and Environment Research Center: Voluntary Export Restraints on Automobiles"
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which debuted at $ 38,000 in the US, in some markets being priced against mid-sized six cylinder
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The Legend was built on the Accord platform, and the Integra was built on the Civic platform.
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1321:"GM, Ford idle 1,365 workers—auto industry layoffs signal coming downturn in US economy"
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In 2009, General Motors and Chrysler filed for and eventually successfully emerged from
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729:"Japan's Big Three Car Makers Show Different Corporate Styles - Japan Real Time - WSJ"
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BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Audi make up about 80 percent of the global luxury car market.
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which at the time drastically changed market situations and had a major impact on the
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In 1990, four years after the debut of the Legend and Integra, Acura introduced the
294:
in order to restructure and liquidate burdensome corporate assets in the same year.
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1368:"Court Approves Sale of Chrysler LLC Operations to New Company Formed with Fiat"
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shows that Toyota holds the number 1 spot, Nissan number 6, and Honda number 7.
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1631:"At $ 631B, Tesla Is Now Worth More Than the Next Top 6 Car Companies Combined"
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479:, BMW and Mercedes-Benz, which by the time of Infiniti's release had overtaken
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Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business
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178:, although Chrysler has been surpassed as the third-largest U.S. automaker by
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at a relatively low price compared to other foreign sports cars of the time (
142:
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1547:"After long journey, Fiat Chrysler and PSA seal merger to become Stellantis"
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Volkswagen Group has long been the largest automaker in Europe. In the late-
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Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.
1891:"World Motor Vehicle Production: World Ranking of Manufacturers Year 2010"
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1573:"Tesla is the fastest-growing car brand in the world | Motoring Research"
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405:, etc.), while providing performance, reliability, and good looks. This
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Arnold Schwarzenegger at LA Auto Show 60 Minutes Interview Energy Green
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reorganization bankruptcy and its stake was subsequently bought by the
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has since been sometimes used to refer to the following automakers:
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8223:
8163:
7813:
7798:
7743:
7711:
7563:
7456:
7313:
7218:
7194:
6849:
6787:
6737:
6732:
6707:
6699:
6600:
6570:
6287:
6186:
5073:
4931:
4797:
4778:
4573:
4477:
4430:
4311:
4111:
3721:
3610:
3154:
3112:
3039:
2022:
499:
480:
448:
422:
406:
258:
226:
171:
129:
43:
3782:
1657:"Canada's 10 best-selling vehicles in 2019's first three quarters"
1201:
John D. Stoll; Liz Rappaport & Matthew Dolan (July 30, 2008).
451:
became a player on the luxury market mostly thanks to its popular
8761:
8731:
8694:
8659:
8649:
8524:
8249:
8233:
8205:
8111:
8066:
7558:
7134:
7084:
6844:
6757:
6694:
6447:
6352:
6226:
6167:
6155:
6109:
5794:
5683:
5340:
5253:
5218:
4669:
4346:
3774:
3350:
3294:
3199:
2977:
2912:
2198:
2174:
1599:"Tesla valuation more than nine largest carmakers combined: Why?"
659:
639:
495:
472:
440:
402:
200:
8031:
8791:
8781:
8766:
8654:
8555:
8451:
8446:
8377:
8312:
8279:
8269:
8158:
8131:
7691:
7671:
7638:
7608:
7308:
7289:
7282:
7212:
7199:
7053:
6822:
6817:
6762:
6722:
6674:
6644:
6520:
6402:
6392:
6357:
6084:
6074:
5769:
5688:
5375:
5295:
5261:
4679:
4644:
4568:
4499:
4457:
4159:
4151:
4127:
4094:
3854:
3748:
3429:
3358:
3342:
2936:
2134:
983:"Parting shot: Delphi exec Steve Miller blasts UAW in new book"
772:"Why are all the big American car companies based in Michigan?"
635:
619:
before that, whilst Ford Werke is a wholly owned subsidiary of
516:
455:. The vehicle included a class-leading (at the time) 278
379:
359:
355:
214:
208:
187:
112:
104:
1501:"Your favorite car companies are about to look very different"
1425:"Fiat Buys some of U.S.'s Chrysler Stake, Right to UAW Shares"
203:
area. The majority of their operations are unionized with the
8796:
8503:
8483:
8188:
8168:
7975:
7738:
7706:
7653:
7613:
7548:
7503:
7493:
7444:
7419:
7325:
7121:
7092:
7078:
7073:
6991:
6712:
6679:
6590:
6432:
6372:
6143:
6089:
6067:
6045:
5658:
5471:
5325:
5106:
4807:
4744:
4585:
4425:
4119:
3716:
3691:
2904:
2278:
2222:
2100:
2073:
1974:"Global Luxury Car Market Report 2017 - Research and Markets"
814:"Toyota passes Ford as 2nd-biggest auto seller in US in 2007"
702:"Why the German Big Three could become the European Big Five"
627:
548:
the sixth largest in the world in 2005 and later 2010 to 2017
540:
528:
418:
413:
363:
306:
195:
183:
108:
4229:
665:
Daimler AG holds major stakes in other automakers including
8508:
8148:
7758:
7498:
7336:
6927:
6877:
6575:
6231:
6138:
4812:
4284:
4033:
2105:
1603:
643:
600:
577:
476:
460:
310:
1919:"Toyota Named World's Top Automotive Brand - AutoWeb News"
955:"Delphi files Chapter 11 after union, GM talks break down"
8018:
6622:
6312:
6040:
2283:
1528:"Fiat Chrysler Moves to NYSE in Challenge to Detroit Two"
585:
560:
International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers
487:
in dominating the luxury segment of the American market.
398:
95:
1737:
835:"Toyota overtakes GM as America's top-selling automaker"
3689:
1131:"So long, friend. Ford producing last Taurus next week"
1351:"Plummeting Resale Values Lead Chrysler to End Leases"
1203:"GM, Ford Scale Back Car Leases as Era Ends - WSJ.com"
1155:. The Truth About Cars. September 2006. Archived from
5873:
List of automobiles manufactured in the United States
676:
branded vehicles, and has been the parent company of
328:
after FCA Group merged with the largely pan-European
1394:"Fiat May Increase Chrysler Stake to 51% Before IPO"
301:
On June 10, 2009, Chrysler Group LLC emerged from a
7906:: Defunct companies and marques above are shown in
5970:
2647:Chrysler World Headquarters and Technology Center
1041:"German auto union head suggests GM cut US costs"
515:measures that the US may have taken, where it be
221:, became that year for the first time one of the
8889:
1386:
257:’s 2008 Harbour Report, stated that many small “
34:The term originated in the United States, where
16:In the U.S., General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler
5878:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
1264:"Why Honda is growing as Detroit falls behind"
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
7958:
6974:
6898:German Association of the Automotive Industry
5956:
4215:
3675:
3621:United States Council for Automotive Research
2822:
2543:United States Council for Automotive Research
2377:Chrysler First Financial Services Corporation
2007:
1968:
1966:
1775:
1748:
1673:. Edmunds.com. March 13, 2003. Archived from
1177:
751:"Study: Ford to Top GM in Production by 2005"
443:in terms of ride, handling and performance.
6195:
4835:Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing
2021:
1422:
928:"CAW says "no two-tier wages" in bargaining"
1885:
1883:
1703:"Zen and the Art of Automotive Maintenance"
1701:Detroit, S.C. Gwynne (September 17, 1990).
1663:
1423:Higgins, Tim; Welch, David (June 3, 2011).
881:
378:was the best-selling car in its segment in
7965:
7951:
7865:Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association
6981:
6967:
5963:
5949:
4222:
4208:
3682:
3668:
2829:
2815:
2014:
2000:
1963:
1830:"Why Toyota Is Afraid Of Being Number One"
1544:
1225:"The discounting treadmill - BusinessWeek"
980:
435:magazine as better than both the $ 63,000
1089:"Storied Ford Taurus reaches end of line"
856:
553:Toyota, Honda, and Nissan are all in the
4231:Automotive industry in the United States
1880:
1732:
1730:
1525:
1123:
1107:
704:. Oppositelock.kinja.com. Archived from
159:Automotive industry in the United States
1700:
1545:Piovaccari, Giulio (January 16, 2021).
1331:from the original on September 28, 2008
1287:
1261:
1081:
1069:. Kaisernetwork.org. September 20, 2007
832:
699:
638:. It is also the parent group of Audi,
8890:
5888:North American International Auto Show
2836:
1868:from the original on December 10, 2008
1696:
1694:
1692:
1453:
769:
726:
533:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
498:and Porsche. This vehicle served as a
335:In more recent times California-based
272:The Big Three filed a lawsuit against
7946:
6962:
5944:
4463:Growler Manufacturing and Engineering
4203:
3663:
2810:
1995:
1862:"About | Press Release Articles"
1727:
1370:. News.prnewswire.com. Archived from
1318:
1300:from the original on October 25, 2008
1006:
952:
852:
850:
599:Other major German manufacturers are
219:the world's largest automaker in 2006
8872:
7927:
3644:
2791:
4252:Transportation in the United States
2569:DaimlerChrysler–Mitsubishi alliance
1780:. Financialpost.com. Archived from
1753:. Financialpost.com. Archived from
1689:
1575:. November 28, 2020. Archived from
1526:Clothier, Mark (October 12, 2014).
1009:"Bankruptcy Is Delphi's Trump Card"
981:Shepardson, David (April 9, 2007).
857:Van Praet, Nicolas (June 4, 2008).
833:Telford, Taylor (January 5, 2022).
770:Palmer, Brian (February 29, 2012).
727:Dvorak, Phred (November 21, 2013).
13:
6418:North German Automobile and Engine
4357:Environmental Performance Vehicles
2447:DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC
1454:Healey, James (January 21, 2014).
1227:. Businessweek.com. Archived from
847:
316:Due to the corporate structure of
14:
8909:
7579:Shindengen Electric Manufacturing
2657:Highland Park Headquarters Campus
1633:. August 17, 2021. Archived from
1607:. August 11, 2021. Archived from
1067:Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report
908:from the original on July 2, 2008
611:since 2021 and had been owned by
592:(majority owner of Audi AG), the
429:and BMW models, and was rated by
186:when they both were surpassed by
23:United States automotive industry
8871:
8862:
8861:
8333:Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera
7974:
7926:
7917:
7916:
6990:
5924:
5915:
5914:
5883:New York International Auto Show
5721:Cooper Tire & Rubber Company
5565:Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia
4186:
4185:
4057:
3643:
3634:
3633:
3311:Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation
2976:
2790:
2781:
2780:
2768:Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle
2072:
1947:. Prnewswire.com. Archived from
1921:. Autoweb.com.au. Archived from
1738:Acura History page > timeline
1007:Welch, David (August 25, 2005).
152:
6318:Edelsbrunner Automobile München
1937:
1911:
1854:
1822:
1796:
1769:
1742:
1649:
1623:
1591:
1565:
1538:
1519:
1493:
1473:
1456:"Done deal: Fiat owns Chrysler"
1447:
1416:
1360:
1349:Bunkley, Nick (July 26, 2008).
1343:
1312:
1288:Isidore, Chris (June 3, 2008).
1281:
1255:
1243:
1217:
1194:
1171:
1145:
1055:
1033:
1000:
974:
953:Carty, Sharon (March 2, 2007).
946:
920:
7624:Toyo Tire & Rubber Company
6398:Markranstädter Automobilfabrik
6178:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles
5972:Automotive industry in Germany
4967:Clydesdale Motor Truck Company
3000:Automotive Components Holdings
1178:ALISA PRIDDLE (June 6, 2008).
826:
806:
786:
763:
743:
720:
693:
572:Automobile industry in Germany
1:
6378:Kersting-Modellbauwerkstätten
5331:North American Bus Industries
4416:General Dynamics Land Systems
1319:White, Jerry (May 27, 2000).
1262:Krisher, Tom (July 3, 2008).
1153:"Ford Taurus: Oedipus Wrecks"
1043:. Wsws.org. November 17, 2004
794:"Toyota speeds past Chrysler"
686:
174:are often referred to as the
7981:Automotive industry in Italy
7774:Subaru Tecnica International
6997:Automotive industry in Japan
5654:American Expedition Vehicles
4650:Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus
4247:Economy of the United States
350:Automotive industry in Japan
225:of the U.S. when surpassing
7:
7176:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
6413:Neue Automobil Gesellschaft
5758:Proterra (bus manufacturer)
2455:Cerberus Capital Management
1116:Final Ford Taurus interview
509:Voluntary Export Restraints
10:
8914:
8072:Industria Italiana Autobus
7594:Sumitomo Rubber Industries
5821:Rezvani Automotive Designs
4962:Checker Motors Corporation
3571:Grimshaw v. Ford Motor Co.
3234:AutoAlliance International
3175:Special Vehicle Operations
2070:
1806:. Perc.org. Archived from
1119:. ABC News. July 26, 2007.
569:
565:
347:
217:, which surpassed G.M. as
156:
8857:
8821:
8805:
8627:
8585:
8564:
8548:
8517:
8397:
8390:
8293:
8242:
8214:
8179:
8017:
8010:
7987:
7898:
7857:
7832:
7809:Toyota Racing Development
7662:
7412:
7396:
7380:
7353:
7044:
7035:
7026:
7003:
6890:
6858:
6611:
6476:
6249:
6208:Gumpert Aiways Automobile
6029:Gumpert Aiways Automobile
6010:
6001:
5978:
5901:
5868:Interstate Highway System
5850:
5834:
5803:
5633:
5621:Volkswagen (Westmoreland)
5593:
5527:
5520:
5447:
4957:Carbon Motors Corporation
4848:
4720:
4596:Global Electric Motorcars
4542:Millennium Luxury Coaches
4271:
4260:
4237:
4183:
4104:
4075:
4066:
4055:
4010:
3759:
3709:
3702:
3629:
3550:
3512:
3460:
3382:
3343:Getrag Ford Transmissions
3287:
3226:
3217:
3095:
2992:
2985:
2974:
2881:
2853:
2844:
2776:
2743:
2670:
2639:
2591:
2551:
2535:
2526:
2510:
2491:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
2432:
2413:
2404:
2387:Global Electric Motorcars
2369:
2302:
2271:
2262:
2119:
2088:
2081:
2055:Chapter 11 reorganization
2029:
1290:"GM: Trucks out, cars in"
318:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
5585:Volkswagen (Chattanooga)
4952:Boulder Electric Vehicle
4352:Chenowth Racing Products
4123:(c.1971–2006; up to 49%)
3520:M-Sport World Rally Team
3403:Michigan Central Station
3170:Premier Automotive Group
2023:Stellantis North America
1268:San Francisco Chronicles
343:
296:General Motors of Canada
292:Chapter 11 restructuring
285:subprime mortgage crisis
267:subprime mortgage crisis
7649:Yokohama Rubber Company
6783:Opel Performance Center
5570:Mercedes-Benz (Alabama)
5457:Alpha Motor Corporation
5229:International Harvester
3564:Dodge v. Ford Motor Co.
3397:Detroit Corktown campus
3165:New Holland Agriculture
2063:Chrysler Classic Racing
1325:World Socialist Website
382:for 22 years in a row.
139:Mahindra & Mahindra
8047:Automobili Pininfarina
7880:Used vehicle exporting
6866:Mercedes-Benz Mobility
6581:Rheinmetall Automotive
6328:Eisenacher Motorenwerk
6268:Automobilwerk Eisenach
4552:Motor Coach Industries
4171:(1992–2015; up to 50%)
4163:(1985–2008; up to 20%)
4115:(2000–2005; up to 20%)
2574:Global Engine Alliance
2467:United States Treasury
2382:Eurostar Automobilwerk
1835:Bloomberg Businessweek
1398:Bloomberg BusinessWeek
898:"The not-so-Big Three"
678:Rolls-Royce Motor Cars
412:Before Honda unveiled
251:Sport utility vehicles
6830:Steinmetz Opel Tuning
6813:Singer Vehicle Design
6773:Motoren Technik Mayer
6080:Krauss-Maffei Wegmann
5811:Calty Design Research
5611:General Motors (list)
5550:General Motors (list)
5336:Oliver Farm Equipment
4446:Chevrolet Performance
4307:Amp Electric Vehicles
4139:(2012–2013; up to 7%)
3488:William Clay Ford Jr.
3242:AutoAlliance Thailand
2518:Maxwell Motor Company
1231:on September 14, 2008
904:. CBC. June 3, 2008.
374:. For instance, the
278:Arnold Schwarzenegger
122:Hyundai Motor Company
8806:Foreign subsidiaries
8665:Colotti Trasmissioni
8605:Carrozzeria Maggiora
8600:Carrozzeria Garavini
8586:Design, engineering,
8323:Carrozzeria Castagna
8318:Carrozzeria Boneschi
8294:Design, engineering,
8260:Lucchini Engineering
8062:Ducati Motor Holding
7845:Yanase Imported Cars
7354:Foreign subsidiaries
6908:Frankfurt Motor Show
6638:Schnitzer Motorsport
6428:Protos of Nonnendamm
5993:Transport in Germany
5826:Wheego Electric Cars
4495:International Motors
3491:(Executive Chairman)
3180:Special Vehicle Team
3005:Changan Ford (China)
1810:on February 16, 2009
1784:on February 16, 2009
1757:on February 16, 2009
1579:on November 28, 2020
869:on February 16, 2009
511:in order to preempt
354:Japanese automakers
44:Chrysler Corporation
8898:Automotive industry
8518:Commercial vehicles
8353:Italdesign Giugiaro
8348:Giannini Automobili
8275:Picchio Racing Cars
8181:Commercial vehicles
8137:Giannini Automobili
8082:Mazzanti Automobili
7992:Automotive industry
7804:Toyota Gazoo Racing
7534:Mitsuba Corporation
7266:Sony Honda Mobility
7008:Automotive industry
6808:Schubert Motorsport
6095:Mercedes-Benz Group
5983:Automotive industry
4242:Automotive industry
4136:PSA Peugeot Citroën
3408:Roosevelt Warehouse
2564:Diamond-Star Motors
1925:on October 23, 2009
1778:"Caw Girds For War"
1776:Nicolas Van Praet.
1751:"Caw Girds For War"
1749:Nicolas Van Praet.
1715:on October 13, 2007
859:"CAW Girds For War"
840:The Washington Post
708:on October 12, 2016
603:and American-owned
594:Mercedes-Benz Group
465:four wheel steering
407:broadened the image
372:automotive industry
205:United Auto Workers
92:Mercedes-Benz Group
8829:Bologna Motor Show
8037:Automobili Estrema
7997:Transport in Italy
7644:Yazaki Corporation
7599:Takata Corporation
7271:Subaru Corporation
7018:Transport in Japan
6871:Mercedes-Benz Bank
6596:ZF Friedrichshafen
5988:Economy of Germany
5765:Remy International
4591:Polaris Industries
4290:Challenger Tractor
4155:(c.1999–2006; 20%)
3392:World Headquarters
3319:Changan Ford Mazda
3306:(Argentina/Brazil)
3218:Joint ventures and
2838:Ford Motor Company
2756:Ford Motor Company
2471:Chrysler Group LLC
2194:(1955–75, 1981–83)
1951:on January 3, 2009
1637:on August 17, 2021
1611:on August 11, 2021
1483:, William Morrow,
1404:on January 6, 2011
1355:The New York Times
1182:. Caranddriver.com
1159:on January 8, 2009
1095:. October 23, 2006
1021:on October 7, 2008
822:. January 3, 2008.
802:. January 4, 2007.
672:BMW also produces
621:Ford Motor Company
437:Mercedes-Benz W126
168:Ford Motor Company
40:Ford Motor Company
8885:
8884:
8623:
8622:
8595:Carrozzeria Barbi
8588:and coachbuilding
8386:
8385:
8296:and coachbuilding
7940:
7939:
7853:
7852:
7734:Mugen Motorsports
7634:Tsubakimoto Chain
7397:Defunct factories
7376:
7375:
7181:Mitsubishi Motors
7037:Vehicle producers
6956:
6955:
6886:
6885:
6718:Hamann Motorsport
6278:Baijah Automotive
6245:
6244:
6036:Artega Automobile
5938:
5937:
5893:SAE International
5863:Chicago Auto Show
5753:Phoenix Motorcars
5629:
5628:
5560:Hyundai (Alabama)
5443:
5442:
5395:Twentieth Century
5089:Fisker Coachbuild
5084:Fisker Automotive
4873:American LaFrance
4868:American Electric
4655:SSC North America
4436:Cadillac V series
4382:ElDorado National
4197:
4196:
4179:
4178:
4172:
4164:
4156:
4148:
4140:
4132:
4124:
4116:
4087:
4067:Shareholdings and
4053:
4052:
4046:
4038:
4030:
4022:
4003:
3995:
3987:
3979:
3971:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3939:
3931:
3923:
3915:
3907:
3899:
3891:
3883:
3875:
3867:
3859:
3851:
3843:
3835:
3827:
3819:
3811:
3803:
3795:
3787:
3779:
3771:
3657:
3656:
3616:Pay on production
3378:
3377:
3213:
3212:
3138:Hertz Corporation
2972:
2971:
2804:
2803:
2626:Sergio Marchionne
2621:Thomas W. LaSorda
2587:
2586:
2506:
2505:
2425:
2400:
2399:
2294:Stellantis Canada
2258:
2257:
1553:. Thomson Reuters
1374:on March 22, 2012
819:Los Angeles Times
799:Los Angeles Times
756:Los Angeles Times
469:active suspension
439:and the $ 55,000
180:Toyota of America
8905:
8875:
8874:
8865:
8864:
8777:Raicam Industrie
8725:Weber carburetor
8720:Carello Lighting
8700:Isotta Fraschini
8615:I.DE.A Institute
8474:Isotta Fraschini
8427:BredaMenarinibus
8395:
8394:
8328:Carrozzeria Ghia
8285:Wolf Racing Cars
8015:
8014:
8002:Economy of Italy
7979:
7978:
7967:
7960:
7953:
7944:
7943:
7930:
7929:
7920:
7919:
7910:
7885:National Highway
7875:Tokyo Auto Salon
7870:Tokyo Motor Show
7584:Stanley Electric
7524:Marelli Holdings
7388:Toyota Factories
7381:Active factories
7042:
7041:
7033:
7032:
7013:Economy of Japan
6995:
6994:
6983:
6976:
6969:
6960:
6959:
6506:Dräxlmaier Group
6203:Apollo Automobil
6193:
6192:
6134:Volkswagen Group
6024:Apollo Automobil
6008:
6007:
5965:
5958:
5951:
5942:
5941:
5928:
5918:
5917:
5575:Subaru (Indiana)
5525:
5524:
5497:Lordstown Motors
5467:Bollinger Motors
5356:Sebring Vanguard
5094:Force Protection
5079:Fitch Four Drive
4712:Zero Motorcycles
4522:Lenco Industries
4512:Karma Automotive
4362:Equus Automotive
4269:
4268:
4224:
4217:
4210:
4201:
4200:
4189:
4188:
4170:
4162:
4154:
4147:(2015–2020; 25%)
4146:
4138:
4131:(2009–2019; 50%)
4130:
4122:
4114:
4085:
4073:
4072:
4061:
4060:
4044:
4036:
4028:
4020:
4001:
3993:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3929:
3921:
3913:
3905:
3897:
3889:
3881:
3873:
3865:
3857:
3849:
3841:
3833:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3801:
3793:
3785:
3777:
3769:
3707:
3706:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3647:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3535:World Rally Team
3500:
3492:
3484:
3371:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3339:
3331:
3323:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3280:
3276:Jiangling Motors
3272:
3264:
3251:
3238:
3224:
3223:
2990:
2989:
2980:
2965:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2901:
2893:
2851:
2850:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2794:
2793:
2784:
2783:
2616:C. Robert Kidder
2533:
2532:
2499:
2495:Fiat-Chrysler US
2487:
2475:
2463:
2451:
2444:
2423:
2411:
2410:
2362:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2269:
2268:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2163:
2155:
2147:
2139:
2131:
2086:
2085:
2076:
2041:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1970:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1895:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1858:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1838:. Archived from
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1746:
1740:
1734:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1711:. Archived from
1698:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1677:on April 1, 2007
1667:
1661:
1660:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1497:
1491:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1431:. Archived from
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1400:. Archived from
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1364:
1358:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1017:. Archived from
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
978:
972:
971:
969:
967:
950:
944:
943:
941:
939:
934:. March 27, 2008
924:
918:
917:
915:
913:
894:
879:
878:
876:
874:
865:. Archived from
854:
845:
844:
830:
824:
823:
810:
804:
803:
790:
784:
783:
781:
779:
767:
761:
760:
747:
741:
740:
738:
736:
724:
718:
717:
715:
713:
697:
590:Volkswagen Group
576:The German trio
192:Volkswagen Group
88:Volkswagen Group
8913:
8912:
8908:
8907:
8906:
8904:
8903:
8902:
8888:
8887:
8886:
8881:
8853:
8834:Turin Auto Show
8817:
8801:
8619:
8587:
8581:
8560:
8544:
8513:
8399:
8398:Passenger cars
8382:
8295:
8289:
8238:
8229:Giotti Victoria
8210:
8175:
8021:
8006:
7983:
7973:
7971:
7941:
7936:
7913:
7902:
7894:
7849:
7828:
7664:
7658:
7619:Topy Industries
7569:NTN Corporation
7539:Nachi-Fujikoshi
7514:Kayaba Industry
7489:IHI Corporation
7408:
7392:
7372:
7349:
7187:Mitsubishi Fuso
7115:Kawasaki Motors
7046:
7022:
6999:
6989:
6987:
6957:
6952:
6882:
6854:
6753:Koenig Specials
6748:Karosserie Baur
6615:
6613:
6607:
6541:HQM Sachsenring
6472:
6383:Kleinschnittger
6254:
6252:
6241:
6191:
6015:
6013:
5997:
5974:
5969:
5939:
5934:
5911:
5897:
5846:
5830:
5799:
5775:Shelby American
5641:
5639:performance car
5637:
5635:
5634:Auto component
5625:
5601:Chrysler (list)
5589:
5540:Chrysler (list)
5535:BMW Spartanburg
5516:
5512:Trion Supercars
5449:
5439:
5123:General Motors
4878:American Motors
4863:American Austin
4850:
4844:
4722:
4716:
4623:Holiday Rambler
4527:Lockheed Martin
4468:Harley-Davidson
4322:ATK motorcycles
4295:Massey Ferguson
4273:
4264:
4262:
4256:
4233:
4228:
4198:
4193:
4175:
4100:
4068:
4062:
4058:
4049:
4006:
3755:
3698:
3688:
3658:
3653:
3625:
3546:
3508:
3504:List of leaders
3498:
3490:
3482:
3456:
3442:Proving grounds
3384:
3374:
3369:
3361:
3353:
3345:
3337:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3283:
3278:
3270:
3262:
3249:
3236:
3219:
3209:
3148:Daimler Company
3091:
3087:Southern Africa
2981:
2968:
2963:
2955:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2899:
2891:
2877:
2846:
2840:
2835:
2805:
2800:
2772:
2739:
2666:
2662:Proving grounds
2635:
2601:Walter Chrysler
2583:
2579:Massey Ferguson
2547:
2528:
2527:Joint ventures
2522:
2502:
2497:
2485:
2473:
2461:
2449:
2442:
2440:DaimlerChrysler
2428:
2406:
2396:
2365:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2298:
2264:
2254:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2115:
2077:
2068:
2039:
2025:
2020:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1977:
1976:(Press release)
1972:
1971:
1964:
1954:
1952:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1842:on July 8, 2012
1828:
1827:
1823:
1813:
1811:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1774:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1747:
1743:
1735:
1728:
1718:
1716:
1699:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1582:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1556:
1554:
1543:
1539:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1435:on June 7, 2011
1421:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1260:
1256:
1252:- YouTube video
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1208:
1206:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1176:
1172:
1162:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1005:
1001:
991:
989:
979:
975:
965:
963:
951:
947:
937:
935:
926:
925:
921:
911:
909:
896:
895:
882:
872:
870:
855:
848:
831:
827:
812:
811:
807:
792:
791:
787:
777:
775:
768:
764:
759:. June 7, 1999.
749:
748:
744:
734:
732:
731:. Blogs.wsj.com
725:
721:
711:
709:
698:
694:
689:
667:Mitsubishi Fuso
630:, it edged out
574:
568:
539:high-end brand
368:1973 oil crisis
352:
346:
190:(and later the
161:
155:
126:Kia Corporation
17:
12:
11:
5:
8911:
8901:
8900:
8883:
8882:
8880:
8879:
8869:
8858:
8855:
8854:
8852:
8851:
8846:
8841:
8836:
8831:
8825:
8823:
8822:Related topics
8819:
8818:
8816:
8815:
8809:
8807:
8803:
8802:
8800:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8728:
8727:
8722:
8715:Marelli Europe
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8682:
8677:
8675:FPT Industrial
8672:
8667:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8642:
8637:
8631:
8629:
8625:
8624:
8621:
8620:
8618:
8617:
8612:
8610:Gruppo Bertone
8607:
8602:
8597:
8591:
8589:
8583:
8582:
8580:
8579:
8574:
8568:
8566:
8562:
8561:
8559:
8558:
8552:
8550:
8546:
8545:
8543:
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8521:
8519:
8515:
8514:
8512:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8491:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8471:
8470:
8469:
8464:
8454:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8409:
8403:
8401:
8392:
8388:
8387:
8384:
8383:
8381:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8355:
8350:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8299:
8297:
8291:
8290:
8288:
8287:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8252:
8246:
8244:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8236:
8231:
8226:
8220:
8218:
8212:
8211:
8209:
8208:
8203:
8202:
8201:
8196:
8185:
8183:
8177:
8176:
8174:
8173:
8172:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8140:
8139:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8034:
8028:
8026:
8019:Passenger cars
8012:
8008:
8007:
8005:
8004:
7999:
7994:
7988:
7985:
7984:
7970:
7969:
7962:
7955:
7947:
7938:
7937:
7935:
7934:
7924:
7912:
7911:
7899:
7896:
7895:
7893:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7861:
7859:
7858:Related topics
7855:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7848:
7847:
7842:
7840:Autobacs Seven
7836:
7834:
7830:
7829:
7827:
7826:
7821:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7751:
7746:
7741:
7736:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7699:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7674:
7668:
7666:
7663:Motorsport and
7660:
7659:
7657:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7629:Toyota Boshoku
7626:
7621:
7616:
7611:
7606:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7581:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7480:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7462:Hitachi Astemo
7459:
7454:
7453:
7452:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7416:
7414:
7410:
7409:
7407:
7406:
7400:
7398:
7394:
7393:
7391:
7390:
7384:
7382:
7378:
7377:
7374:
7373:
7371:
7370:
7368:General Motors
7365:
7357:
7355:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7347:
7342:
7341:
7340:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7316:
7306:
7301:
7300:
7299:
7287:
7286:
7285:
7280:
7268:
7263:
7262:
7261:
7254:
7249:
7242:
7235:
7228:
7221:
7216:
7209:
7197:
7192:
7191:
7190:
7184:
7178:
7168:
7167:
7166:
7159:
7152:
7145:
7138:
7131:
7119:
7118:
7117:
7107:
7102:
7101:
7100:
7090:
7089:
7088:
7081:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7050:
7048:
7039:
7030:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7004:
7001:
7000:
6986:
6985:
6978:
6971:
6963:
6954:
6953:
6951:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6894:
6892:
6891:Related topics
6888:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6881:
6880:
6875:
6874:
6873:
6862:
6860:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6835:Styling Garage
6832:
6827:
6826:
6825:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6803:Ruf Automobile
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6630:
6628:Abt Sportsline
6625:
6619:
6617:
6609:
6608:
6606:
6605:
6604:
6603:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6551:Löwe Automobil
6548:
6543:
6538:
6536:Hermann Peters
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6497:
6496:
6486:
6480:
6478:
6474:
6473:
6471:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6323:Ehrhardt-Szawe
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6293:Borgward Group
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6259:
6257:
6247:
6246:
6243:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6223:
6222:
6215:Ford of Europe
6212:
6211:
6210:
6199:
6197:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6180:
6170:
6165:
6164:
6163:
6158:
6148:
6147:
6146:
6131:
6129:Ruf Automobile
6126:
6125:
6124:
6114:
6113:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6055:
6054:
6053:
6048:
6038:
6033:
6032:
6031:
6020:
6018:
6005:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5968:
5967:
5960:
5953:
5945:
5936:
5935:
5933:
5932:
5922:
5910:
5909:
5906:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5854:
5852:
5851:Related topics
5848:
5847:
5845:
5844:
5838:
5836:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5807:
5805:
5804:Design studios
5801:
5800:
5798:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5733:Ingersoll Rand
5730:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5696:Detroit Diesel
5693:
5692:
5691:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5645:
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6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6913:Automechanika
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6895:
6893:
6889:
6879:
6876:
6872:
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6857:
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6838:
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6820:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6793:Rieger Tuning
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6778:Novitec Group
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6768:MK-Motorsport
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6728:Hofele-Design
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
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6666:
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6221:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6213:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6204:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6196:Foreign owned
6194:
6188:
6185:
6179:
6176:
6175:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6157:
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6130:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6100:Mercedes-Benz
6098:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6063:Daimler Buses
6061:
6060:
6059:
6058:Daimler Truck
6056:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6030:
6027:
6026:
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5871:
5869:
5866:
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5859:
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5849:
5843:
5842:Massachusetts
5840:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5808:
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5699:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5674:Callaway Cars
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5644:
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5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5477:Commuter Cars
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5462:Aptera Motors
5460:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5446:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
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5263:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5240:
5239:Kaiser-Frazer
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5182:Scripps-Booth
5180:
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5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
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5155:
5153:
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4801:
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4789:
4788:
4787:
4784:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4764:Mercedes-Benz
4762:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4735:Daimler Truck
4733:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
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4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:Superformance
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4633:Wheeled Coach
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4602:
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4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4397:
4393:
4392:Starcraft Bus
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4337:Callaway Cars
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4270:
4267:
4263:manufacturers
4259:
4253:
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4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
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4232:
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4027:
4024:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4000:
3997:
3992:
3989:
3984:
3983:Welch-Detroit
3981:
3976:
3973:
3968:
3965:
3960:
3957:
3952:
3951:Scripps-Booth
3949:
3944:
3941:
3936:
3933:
3928:
3925:
3920:
3917:
3912:
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3904:
3901:
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3612:
3609:
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3599:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3588:The Ford Show
3585:
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3575:
3573:
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3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
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3465:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3447:Transmissions
3445:
3443:
3440:
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3431:
3428:
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3423:
3421:
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3416:
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3220:shareholdings
3216:
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2736:
2735:Transmissions
2733:
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2719:
2716:
2714:
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2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
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2694:
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2689:
2686:
2684:
2683:3.3 & 3.8
2681:
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2538:
2534:
2531:
2529:and alliances
2525:
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1489:0-06-208860-2
1486:
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1479:Bill Vlasic,
1476:
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582:Mercedes-Benz
579:
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521:import quotas
518:
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510:
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475:imports like
474:
470:
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463:) V8 engine,
462:
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428:
427:Mercedes-Benz
424:
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385:As well, the
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140:
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46:, all before
45:
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30:
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24:
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8839:Autopromotec
8572:Stanguellini
8549:Quadricycles
8373:Studiotorino
8216:Quadricycles
8154:Professional
7907:
7903:
7764:Spoon Sports
7716:
7702:Honda Racing
7360:
7335:
7318:
7294:
7275:
7256:
7244:
7237:
7230:
7223:
7211:
7204:
7161:
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7147:
7140:
7133:
7126:
7083:
6840:Team Rosberg
6743:Joest Racing
6633:AC Schnitzer
6408:Maurer-Union
6051:BMW Motorrad
5743:Lingenfelter
5711:General Tire
5580:Tesla (list)
5555:Honda (list)
5502:Myers Motors
5448:Concept and
5351:Pierce-Arrow
5306:Monaco Coach
5204:Goshen Coach
5197:Yellow Coach
5007:Diamond-Star
4977:Commonwealth
4723:subsidiaries
4547:Morgan Olson
4532:Lucid Motors
4372:Champion Bus
4367:Forest River
4317:Armour Group
3999:Yellow Coach
3760:Discontinued
3703:Wholly owned
3593:
3586:
3569:
3562:
3557:
3513:Racing teams
3327:Ford Sollers
3268:Ford Vietnam
3247:Changan Ford
3103:Aston Martin
2986:Subsidiaries
2882:Discontinued
2750:
2631:Louis Rhodes
2511:Predecessors
2494:
2482:
2470:
2459:Chrysler LLC
2458:
2446:
2265:subsidiaries
2061:
1978:. Retrieved
1953:. Retrieved
1949:the original
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1840:the original
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1577:the original
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1531:
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1511:December 22,
1509:. Retrieved
1504:
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1229:the original
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1184:. Retrieved
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1157:the original
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1125:
1115:
1109:
1097:. Retrieved
1093:Detroit News
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1066:
1057:
1045:. Retrieved
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1019:the original
1014:BusinessWeek
1012:
1002:
990:. Retrieved
987:Detroit News
986:
976:
964:. Retrieved
958:
948:
936:. Retrieved
931:
922:
910:. Retrieved
901:
871:. Retrieved
867:the original
862:
838:
828:
817:
808:
797:
788:
778:February 22,
776:. Retrieved
765:
754:
745:
735:February 22,
733:. Retrieved
722:
712:February 22,
710:. Retrieved
706:the original
695:
682:
680:since 1998.
671:
664:
625:
598:
575:
555:BusinessWeek
554:
552:
545:
537:
525:
505:
489:
467:, the first
445:
430:
411:
384:
353:
334:
332:) in 2021.
315:
300:
289:
282:
271:
263:
255:Oliver Wyman
247:
243:
235:
230:
222:
213:
175:
162:
134:
117:
100:
83:
61:
54:
52:
48:World War II
33:
27:
26:
20:
18:
8705:Landi Renzo
8565:Racing cars
8462:Autobianchi
8457:Fiat S.p.A.
8363:Pininfarina
8303:Ares Design
8243:Racing cars
8097:Lamborghini
8087:Menarinibus
7890:Expressways
7824:Work Wheels
7784:Toda Racing
7749:Rays Wheels
7435:Bridgestone
6948:Nürburgring
6903:AMI Leipzig
6798:Rowe Racing
6612:Motorsport
6566:Mann+Hummel
6501:Continental
6117:Rheinmetall
5816:Designworks
5679:Caterpillar
5636:makers and
5606:Ford (list)
5545:Ford (list)
5482:Elio Motors
5102:Continental
4997:Cycle-Scoot
4786:Seres Group
4537:Mack Trucks
4342:Caterpillar
4045:(1925–2017)
4037:(1929–2017)
4029:(1989–2010)
4021:(1986–1993)
4002:(1925–1943)
3994:(1925–1943)
3986:(1910–1911)
3978:(1929–1931)
3970:(1971–1984)
3962:(1920–1921)
3954:(1916–1923)
3946:(1985–2010)
3938:(1909–1911)
3930:(1908–1911)
3922:(1968–1976)
3914:(1926–2010)
3906:(1988–1991)
3898:(1908–2004)
3890:(1909–1931)
3882:(1918–1942)
3874:(1929–1930)
3866:(1927–1940)
3858:(1931–2020)
3850:(1989–1997)
3842:(1938–2000)
3834:(1959–1970)
3826:(1908–1912)
3818:(1999–2011)
3810:(1909–1915)
3802:(1930–1986)
3794:(1966–1969)
3786:(1992–1994)
3778:(2010–2015)
3770:(1962–1971)
3690:Automotive
3525:Performance
3475:Ford Family
3399:properties
3260:Ford Otosan
3255:Ford Lio Ho
3077:Philippines
3072:New Zealand
2932:(1938–2011)
2897:Continental
2708:Polyspheric
2606:Lee Iacocca
2479:Fiat S.p.A.
2450:(1998–2007)
2392:Lamborghini
2210:(1928–2001)
2050:1939 strike
1980:October 17,
1955:November 1,
1929:November 1,
1872:November 1,
1846:November 1,
1814:November 1,
1788:November 1,
1761:November 1,
1335:October 30,
1304:October 30,
1273:October 30,
1235:November 1,
1209:November 1,
1186:November 1,
1047:November 1,
1025:October 28,
992:October 28,
966:October 28,
938:October 28,
873:October 28,
774:. Slate.com
656:Lamborghini
596:, and BMW.
387:Nissan 240Z
376:Honda Civic
147:TATA Motors
118:South Korea
25:, the term
8849:Autostrade
8752:OMP Racing
8710:Lombardini
8628:Components
8422:Bizzarrini
8343:Fioravanti
8144:Alfa Romeo
8127:Stellantis
8102:OTO Melara
7794:Top Secret
7789:Tommykaira
7769:SSR Wheels
7754:RE Amemiya
7724:Mazdaspeed
7544:NHK Spring
7430:BluE Nexus
7413:Components
7171:Mitsubishi
6690:Dinan Cars
6655:Audi Sport
6586:Schaeffler
6561:Mahle Behr
6494:ETAS Group
6477:Components
6343:Goggomobil
6333:Fuldamobil
6273:Auto Union
6220:Ford-Werke
6173:Volkswagen
5790:Torrington
5669:BorgWarner
5664:BFGoodrich
5492:Fisker Inc
5366:Studebaker
5326:New United
5167:Oldsmobile
5157:McLaughlin
5027:Locomobile
5012:Duesenberg
4992:CNH Global
4893:Terraplane
4840:Volkswagen
4798:Stellantis
4769:Mitsubishi
4702:VIA Motors
4697:Ultimaster
4692:Trans Tech
4675:Arctic Cat
4507:John Deere
4485:HDT Global
4387:Glaval Bus
4302:AM General
4265:and brands
3991:Yellow Cab
3895:Oldsmobile
3879:McLaughlin
3582:Ford Field
3577:Fordlândia
3496:Jim Farley
3480:Henry Ford
3425:Motorcraft
3335:Ford Union
3303:AutoLatina
3160:Land Rover
3133:Ford Japan
3128:Ford India
3082:Quick Lane
2845:Divisions/
2421:Stellantis
2358:Jeep-Eagle
2037:Stellantis
1903:August 12,
1408:January 4,
1133:. Autoblog
1099:August 14,
687:References
609:Stellantis
605:Ford-Werke
459:(207
391:introduced
326:Stellantis
309:automaker
303:Chapter 11
274:California
259:econoboxes
157:See also:
74:Stellantis
42:, and the
8844:Euro NCAP
8742:Marzocchi
8685:Fondmetal
8680:VM Motori
8670:Dell'Orto
8640:Alcantara
8635:Accossato
8467:Innocenti
8442:Cisitalia
8437:Chiribiri
8199:Iveco Bus
8117:Puritalia
8092:Fornasari
8052:De Tomaso
7819:WedsSport
7554:Nisshinbo
7450:Denso Ten
7098:UD Trucks
7028:Companies
6923:Euro NCAP
6388:Kühlstein
6298:Brennabor
6255:producers
6016:producers
6003:Companies
5728:Hennessey
5706:Firestone
5521:Factories
5410:Visionary
5316:MotoCzysz
5284:Roosevelt
5214:GreenTech
5152:Marquette
5137:GM Diesel
5127:Cartercar
5054:Excalibur
5049:Eagle Bus
4849:Defunct /
4618:Fleetwood
4613:REV Group
4579:Peterbilt
4441:Chevrolet
4332:Blue Bird
3967:Statesman
3871:Marquette
3839:GM Diesel
3807:Cartercar
3734:Chevrolet
3558:Big Three
3483:(Founder)
3470:Designers
3437:Platforms
3420:Factories
3338:(Belarus)
3015:Argentina
3010:Australia
2964:(1939–65)
2956:(1946–61)
2948:(1949–76)
2940:(1985–89)
2921:Frontenac
2916:(1917–64)
2908:(1956–59)
2900:(1956–59)
2892:(1960–61)
2751:Big Three
2730:Platforms
2713:PowerTech
2703:Pentastar
2652:Factories
2498:(2014–21)
2486:(2011–14)
2474:(2009–11)
2462:(2007–09)
2407:companies
2361:(1987–97)
2353:(2007–09)
2345:(1970–81)
2337:(1967–81)
2329:(1951–81)
2326:Australia
2321:(1959–79)
2318:Argentina
2313:(1954–88)
2250:(1960–66)
2242:(1901–76)
2234:(2013–14)
2226:(1934–77)
2218:(1905–70)
2202:(1908–77)
2186:(1898–75)
2178:(1907–76)
2170:(1920–72)
2162:(1988–98)
2154:(1928–61)
2146:(1959–78)
2143:Barreiros
2138:(1905–79)
2130:(1986–88)
1719:April 29,
1641:August 3,
1615:August 3,
1583:August 3,
1532:Bloomberg
1460:USA Today
1294:CNN Money
1205:. Wsj.com
960:USA Today
912:August 8,
613:PSA Group
558:from the
330:PSA Group
276:Governor
231:Big Three
223:Big Three
176:Big Three
55:Big Three
53:The term
28:Big Three
8892:Category
8867:Category
8757:OZ Group
8690:Graziano
8530:De Simon
8499:S.C.A.T.
8494:O.S.C.A.
8400:and LCVs
8224:Casalini
8164:Maserati
7922:Category
7833:Services
7814:Veilside
7744:Ralliart
7712:JUN Auto
7509:Kawasaki
7457:GS Yuasa
7314:Daihatsu
7225:Kurogane
7219:Infiniti
7195:Mitsuoka
7189:(10.71%)
7110:Kawasaki
6859:Services
6850:Zakspeed
6818:Startech
6788:Renntech
6738:Irmscher
6708:Lorinser
6704:Kleemann
6700:Gemballa
6685:Carlsson
6601:ZF Sachs
6463:Wanderer
6288:Borgward
6283:Beaufort
6253:vehicle
6251:Defunct
6187:Wiesmann
6014:vehicle
5920:Category
5835:By state
5716:Goodyear
5425:Wildfire
5361:Sterling
5346:Peerless
5274:Marathon
5244:Allstate
5187:Sheridan
5074:Fiberfab
5067:Plymouth
5002:DeLorean
4932:Autoette
4803:Chrysler
4779:Infiniti
4721:Foreign
4574:Kenworth
4478:Club Car
4431:Cadillac
4312:Arcimoto
4272:Current
4191:Category
4168:UzDaewoo
4128:Jie Fang
4042:Vauxhall
3959:Sheridan
3927:Reliance
3903:Passport
3791:Beaumont
3727:V-Series
3722:Cadillac
3639:Category
3611:New Edge
3540:Munchi's
3452:Vehicles
3385:products
3370:(Brazil)
3354:(France)
3330:(Russia)
3155:Kwik-Fit
3113:Cosworth
2786:Category
2671:Products
2611:Bob Lutz
2207:Plymouth
2191:Imperial
2096:Chrysler
2040:(parent)
1866:Archived
1681:April 8,
1505:NBC News
1329:Archived
1298:Archived
1163:April 5,
1137:July 26,
906:Archived
902:CBC News
500:halo car
481:Cadillac
449:Infiniti
227:Chrysler
172:Chrysler
130:GM Korea
78:Chrysler
8877:Commons
8762:Pirelli
8732:Malossi
8660:Ceriani
8650:Borrani
8577:Bandini
8525:Bremach
8432:Ceirano
8417:Bianchi
8391:Defunct
8358:Morelli
8250:Dallara
8234:Italcar
8112:Piaggio
8067:Ferrari
7932:Commons
7908:italics
7559:Niterra
7440:Clarion
7304:Takeoka
7277:Blitzen
7135:Autozam
7085:Marusho
6845:TechArt
6758:Mansory
6695:G-Power
6526:H&R
6511:Dürr AG
6468:Zündapp
6458:Veritas
6448:Stoewer
6443:Steiger
6363:Hanomag
6353:Gutbrod
6348:Goliath
6308:Büssing
6303:Brütsch
6237:Hyundai
6227:Magirus
6168:Porsche
6156:Neoplan
6110:Maybach
6012:Active
5795:Visteon
5748:Nexteer
5684:Cummins
5649:Allison
5642:modders
5616:Packard
5594:Defunct
5371:Erskine
5341:Packard
5254:Henry J
5234:Jeffery
5219:Grumman
5172:Pontiac
5162:Oakland
5147:LaSalle
5112:Mercury
5058:FCA US
4917:Armored
4905:Rambler
4851:former
4752:Hyundai
4685:Cushman
4670:Textron
4606:Victory
4557:Oshkosh
4517:Laffite
4404:Lincoln
4377:Collins
4347:Czinger
4327:Autocar
4261:Vehicle
4076:Current
3935:Rainier
3911:Pontiac
3887:Oakland
3863:LaSalle
3799:Bedford
3775:Alpheon
3767:Acadian
3710:Current
3649:Commons
3601:History
3530:Team RS
3415:Engines
3367:Troller
3351:Matford
3322:(China)
3314:(49.9%)
3295:Argo AI
3227:Current
3200:Visteon
3195:Troller
3108:Chariot
3060:Romania
3050:Ireland
3045:Germany
2993:Current
2953:Monarch
2929:Mercury
2913:Fordson
2873:Lincoln
2854:Current
2847:marques
2796:Commons
2718:SOHC V6
2678:Engines
2536:Current
2414:Current
2303:Defunct
2272:Current
2247:Valiant
2239:Sunbeam
2199:Karrier
2175:Hillman
2120:Defunct
2089:Current
2082:Marques
2045:History
2030:General
1557:May 15,
1551:Reuters
1465:June 8,
1439:June 4,
1378:June 6,
1073:July 9,
660:Bentley
652:Bugatti
640:Porsche
566:Germany
517:tariffs
496:Ferrari
485:Lincoln
441:BMW E32
403:Porsche
307:Italian
201:Detroit
84:Germany
21:In the
8792:Sparco
8782:Sabelt
8767:Polini
8737:Martin
8655:Brembo
8556:Grecav
8540:S.P.A.
8452:Diatto
8447:Cizeta
8378:Zagato
8338:Ermini
8313:Cecomp
8280:Tatuus
8270:Osella
8265:M.A.T.
8159:Lancia
8132:Abarth
8107:Pagani
8077:Martin
8011:Active
7729:Mine's
7718:Kojima
7692:GReddy
7672:Autech
7665:tuners
7639:Yanmar
7609:Tokico
7529:Mikuni
7472:Nissin
7467:Keihin
7345:Yamaha
7309:Toyota
7290:Suzuki
7283:Subaru
7252:Shatai
7246:Prince
7213:Datsun
7200:Nissan
7105:Jiotto
7054:Aspark
7045:Native
6763:Melkus
6723:Hartge
6675:Brabus
6670:Bitter
6645:Alpina
6616:tuners
6521:Getrag
6516:Eibach
6438:Simson
6403:Melkus
6393:Loremo
6358:Hartge
6085:Isdera
6075:Elaris
5930:Portal
5785:Timken
5770:Saleen
5738:Legacy
5689:Brammo
5528:Active
5507:Nikola
5435:Zimmer
5376:Rockne
5311:Mosler
5301:Mercer
5296:Matbro
5291:Marvel
5279:Marmon
5262:Willys
5258:Kaiser
5249:Frazer
5224:Henney
5192:Viking
5177:Saturn
5132:Elmore
5017:Durant
4937:Avanti
4927:Aurica
4922:Auburn
4883:Hudson
4830:Toyota
4825:Subaru
4774:Nissan
4680:E-Z-Go
4645:Rivian
4628:Laymor
4601:Indian
4569:Paccar
4562:Pierce
4500:IC Bus
4458:Gillig
4160:Suzuki
4152:Subaru
4105:Former
4095:Baojun
4090:Wuling
3975:Viking
3943:Saturn
3919:Ranger
3855:Holden
3823:Elmore
3815:Daewoo
3749:Hummer
3744:Denali
3692:brands
3462:People
3430:Mercon
3359:Samcor
3288:Former
3143:Jaguar
3096:Former
3055:Italia
3040:France
3035:Europe
3030:Credit
3025:Canada
3020:Brazil
2961:Thames
2945:Meteor
2937:Merkur
2924:(1960)
2866:Raptor
2640:Places
2593:People
2552:Former
2433:Former
2405:Parent
2370:Former
2334:Europe
2215:Singer
2183:Humber
2151:DeSoto
2135:Commer
1487:
636:Toyota
473:German
423:LS 400
395:Jaguar
380:Canada
360:Nissan
356:Toyota
239:Delphi
215:Toyota
209:Unifor
188:Toyota
166:, the
145:, and
128:, and
113:Nissan
111:, and
105:Toyota
94:, and
90:, the
86:— the
72:, and
8797:SPICA
8645:Arrow
8504:Siata
8484:Qvale
8479:Itala
8368:Stola
8194:Astra
8189:Iveco
8169:Sevel
7799:TOM'S
7739:Nismo
7707:Impul
7687:Enkei
7677:Blitz
7654:Zexel
7614:Topre
7549:Nidec
7504:JTEKT
7494:Jatco
7477:Showa
7445:Denso
7420:Aisin
7326:Lexus
7320:Scion
7239:Otomo
7183:(66%)
7163:Xedos
7149:Eunos
7142:Ẽfini
7128:Amati
7122:Mazda
7093:Isuzu
7079:Acura
7074:Honda
6713:Lotec
6680:BMW M
6591:Voith
6571:Petri
6556:Mahle
6531:Hella
6489:Bosch
6453:Tempo
6433:Selve
6373:Horch
6368:Hansa
6263:Adler
6144:Horch
6105:Smart
6090:Lotec
6068:Setra
6046:BMW i
5701:Eaton
5659:Aptiv
5472:Canoo
5420:White
5388:Scion
5383:Stutz
5321:Muntz
5269:Local
5209:Green
5107:Edsel
5098:Ford
5062:Eagle
5037:Rugby
5032:Mason
5022:Flint
4942:Avery
4912:Armor
4888:Essex
4808:Dodge
4791:Seres
4745:Acura
4740:Honda
4665:Tesla
4586:Panoz
4426:Buick
4144:Ravon
4120:Isuzu
4086:(44%)
4018:Lotus
3831:Envoy
3783:Asüna
3717:Buick
3499:(CEO)
3346:(50%)
3298:(42%)
3279:(32%)
3271:(60%)
3263:(41%)
3250:(50%)
3237:(50%)
3205:Volvo
3190:Th!nk
2905:Edsel
2889:Comet
2559:Askam
2279:Mopar
2223:Simca
2167:Fargo
2159:Eagle
2101:Dodge
1894:(PDF)
648:Škoda
628:2000s
541:Lexus
529:NUMMI
419:Lexus
414:Acura
364:Honda
344:Japan
337:Tesla
196:Mazda
184:2000s
135:India
109:Honda
101:Japan
8813:Ford
8787:SCAM
8747:MOMO
8509:Zust
8407:APIS
8255:GISA
8149:Fiat
8122:SILK
8032:Alkè
8024:LCVs
8022:and
7904:Note
7779:Tein
7759:SARD
7682:Dome
7574:PIAA
7499:JECS
7404:Zama
7362:Ford
7337:WiLL
7331:Hino
7296:Hope
7258:Tama
7232:Ohta
7206:Cony
6933:ASAM
6928:ADAC
6878:Sixt
6576:Renk
6338:Glas
6232:Opel
6161:RMMV
6139:Audi
6122:RMMV
5042:Star
4987:Case
4982:Cord
4972:Coda
4900:Nash
4813:Jeep
4399:Ford
4285:AGCO
4276:list
4112:Fiat
4034:Opel
4026:Saab
4011:Sold
3185:Spin
2861:Ford
2698:Hemi
2350:Envi
2106:Jeep
1982:2017
1957:2008
1931:2008
1905:2011
1898:OICA
1874:2008
1848:2008
1816:2008
1790:2008
1763:2008
1721:2007
1708:Time
1683:2007
1643:2023
1617:2023
1604:CNBC
1585:2023
1559:2022
1513:2018
1485:ISBN
1467:2016
1441:2011
1410:2011
1380:2009
1337:2008
1306:2008
1275:2008
1237:2008
1211:2008
1188:2008
1165:2008
1139:2007
1101:2007
1075:2009
1049:2008
1027:2008
994:2008
968:2008
940:2008
914:2008
875:2008
780:2017
737:2017
714:2017
674:Mini
658:and
644:SEAT
632:Ford
615:and
601:Opel
584:and
578:Audi
483:and
477:Audi
389:was
362:and
311:Fiat
207:and
170:and
70:Ford
8695:ICP
8489:Iso
8412:ATS
8206:SCV
8042:ATS
7697:HKS
7604:THK
7564:NSK
7484:HKS
7069:GLM
7059:ASL
6943:DTM
6938:TÜV
6823:CRD
6733:HWA
6665:BBS
6660:AMG
6650:APR
6623:9ff
6614:and
6484:ATR
6423:NSU
6313:DKW
6151:MAN
6041:BMW
5858:AAA
5780:SRT
5430:ZAP
5405:VPG
5142:Geo
5119:FMC
4947:BMC
4818:Ram
4757:Kia
4730:BMW
4490:HME
4451:GMC
4409:SVT
3847:Geo
3739:GMC
3694:of
3123:FPV
2723:WGE
2493:of
2481:of
2469:of
2457:of
2445:of
2310:AMC
2289:SRT
2284:R/T
2231:SRT
2127:AMC
2111:Ram
586:BMW
519:or
492:NSX
453:Q45
399:BMW
96:BMW
50:.
8894::
8535:OM
8057:DR
7156:M2
6918:IZ
6546:KW
5415:VL
2693:LH
2342:UK
1965:^
1896:.
1882:^
1832:.
1729:^
1705:.
1691:^
1601:.
1549:.
1530:.
1503:.
1458:.
1427:.
1396:.
1353:.
1327:.
1323:.
1296:.
1292:.
1266:.
1091:.
1065:.
1011:.
985:.
957:.
930:.
900:.
883:^
861:.
849:^
837:.
816:.
796:.
753:.
669:.
662:.
654:,
650:,
646:,
642:,
580:,
523:.
461:kW
457:hp
401:,
397:,
358:,
211:.
141:,
137:—
124:,
120:—
107:,
103:—
68:,
64:—
7966:e
7959:t
7952:v
6982:e
6975:t
6968:v
5964:e
5957:t
5950:v
4278:)
4274:(
4223:e
4216:t
4209:v
4097:)
4088:(
3683:e
3676:t
3669:v
2830:e
2823:t
2816:v
2688:A
2015:e
2008:t
2001:v
1984:.
1959:.
1933:.
1907:.
1876:.
1850:.
1818:.
1792:.
1765:.
1723:.
1685:.
1659:.
1645:.
1619:.
1587:.
1561:.
1534:.
1515:.
1469:.
1443:.
1412:.
1382:.
1357:.
1339:.
1308:.
1277:.
1239:.
1213:.
1190:.
1167:.
1141:.
1103:.
1077:.
1051:.
1029:.
996:.
970:.
942:.
916:.
877:.
843:.
782:.
739:.
716:.
80:)
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