211:
253:
1103:
268:
181:
36:
1113:
79:
171:
fruits are generally smaller and characteristically point upwards. In the
Marianas and Guam these are often called boonie peppers or Doni Sali, which can be term for regional wild varieties. The variation between different varieties can be significant for regional dishes or visuals, such as the Thai
339:
The more decorative, but slightly less pungent chili, sometimes known as "Thai ornamental", has peppers that point upward on the plant, and range from green to yellow, orange, and then red. It is the basis for the hybrid cultivar
306:, these chilis are used in soups, salads, and stir-fried dishes. They are also put in a wide variety of sauces, pastes, and marinades, used as a condiment or eaten raw, both fresh and dried.
115:
553:
344:", essentially the same, but less pungent, and starting with purple fruit, creating a rainbow effect. These peppers can grow wild in places such as
449:
593:
223:
All chilis found around the world today have their origins in Mexico, Central
America, and South America. They were spread by
518:
487:
433:
878:
859:
928:
988:
586:
313:, these chilis are highly valued for their fruity taste and extreme spiciness. They are extensively used in many
534:
1147:
1106:
948:
579:
602:
400:
325:, green as well as the ripe red chilis; or they can just be eaten raw on the side, with for instance,
239:. The chili varieties found in Southeast Asia today were brought there in the 16th or 17th centuries.
20:
983:
1068:
692:
672:
426:
The
Complete Chile Pepper Book: A Gardener's Guide to Choosing, Growing, Preserving, and Cooking
1142:
802:
508:
737:
712:
151:
that is native to Mexico. Cultivated across
Southeast Asia, it is used extensively in many
121:
8:
1004:
757:
747:
390:
385:
314:
280:
231:
colonists, missionaries, and traders, together with many other now common crops, such as
192:
with small, tapering fruits, often two or three, at a node. The fruits are very pungent.
157:
133:
1088:
1079:
918:
303:
288:
236:
1063:
1058:
1044:
973:
889:
642:
514:
429:
228:
195:
The bird's eye chili is small, but is quite hot. It measures around 50,000 – 100,000
687:
367:
210:
1116:
1028:
792:
772:
707:
395:
142:
809:
468:
252:
1137:
958:
913:
824:
632:
613:
492:
147:
52:
1033:
953:
839:
782:
777:
722:
667:
662:
657:
341:
224:
196:
87:
1131:
1023:
978:
873:
797:
767:
762:
732:
727:
637:
627:
373:
163:
152:
110:
1053:
923:
908:
819:
787:
752:
702:
310:
276:
139:
903:
155:. It may be mistaken for a similar-looking chili derived from the species
968:
849:
717:
647:
379:
327:
322:
742:
295:. The whole green bird's eye chili is also eaten raw as a side dish for
204:
318:
272:
1013:
682:
571:
361:
189:
993:
943:
938:
844:
829:
697:
200:
60:
1018:
963:
933:
834:
814:
677:
46:
267:
898:
475:. Austin, Texas, USA: University of Texas Press. pp. 1–10.
345:
292:
180:
35:
232:
535:"Nam Pla Prik น้ำปลาพริก - The Ubiquitous Thai Table Sauce"
349:
78:
291:, these chilis are widely used in a variety of dishes and
259:(tofu fritter) with green bird's eye chili locally called
138:''mouse-dropping chili'' owing to its shape) is a
19:
For other uses, including peppers with similar names, see
423:
126:
1129:
587:
554:"Makan Gorengan Dan Cabe Dengan Tangan Kanan"
466:
506:
214:Commercial-scale drying of chilis in Vietnam
594:
580:
203:, but many times hotter than the spiciest
34:
485:
331:(stewed pork trotter served with rice).
266:
251:
209:
179:
235:, tomatoes and pineapples, through the
1130:
601:
500:
575:
417:
376:(popular chili pepper in Philippines)
1112:
551:
279:juice is served with a multitude of
184:Bird's eye chilis of assorted colors
40:Several bird's eye chilis on a shrub
473:Peppers: the Domesticated Capsicums
334:
13:
424:DeWitt, D.; Bosland, P.W. (2009).
14:
1159:
450:"The world's 10 hottest chillies"
1111:
1102:
1101:
486:Robinson, Simon (14 June 2007).
188:The bird's eye chili plant is a
77:
513:. Lonely Planet. pp. 79–.
488:"Chili Peppers: Global Warming"
382:(another Chili pepper cultivar)
263:is a popular snack in Indonesia
545:
527:
479:
460:
442:
370:, also known as Chile de árbol
175:
1:
410:
7:
989:Trinidad scorpion 'Butch T'
355:
127:
10:
1164:
247:
218:
18:
1097:
1077:
1042:
1002:
887:
858:
612:
364:, also known as Piri piri
114:
96:
86:
73:
69:
59:
45:
33:
28:
984:Trinidad Moruga scorpion
362:African bird's eye chili
469:"Historical Background"
242:
199:, which is less than a
172:ornamental varieties.
16:Variety of chili pepper
467:Andrews, Jean (1995).
284:
271:Bird's eye chili with
264:
215:
185:
1069:Sweet piquanté pepper
974:'Red Savina' habanero
949:Hainan yellow lantern
507:Joe Cummings (2000).
270:
255:
213:
183:
693:Diavoletto d'Abruzzo
552:Jaenudin, Mohammad.
454:Australia Geographic
299:(deep-fried foods).
92:50,000 - 100,000 SHU
391:Korean chili pepper
386:Capsicum frutescens
169:Capsicum frutescens
158:Capsicum frutescens
1148:Capsicum cultivars
1014:African bird's eye
919:Chocolate habanero
304:Vietnamese cuisine
289:Indonesian cuisine
285:
265:
237:Columbian Exchange
216:
186:
1125:
1124:
643:Beaver Dam pepper
520:978-1-86450-026-4
435:978-0-88192-920-1
368:Bird's beak chile
145:from the species
137:
125:
100:
99:
1155:
1115:
1114:
1105:
1104:
773:New Mexico chile
596:
589:
582:
573:
572:
566:
565:
563:
561:
549:
543:
542:
531:
525:
524:
504:
498:
497:
483:
477:
476:
464:
458:
457:
446:
440:
439:
428:. Timber Press.
421:
396:Malagueta pepper
335:Thai Ornamentals
132:
130:
120:
118:
103:Bird's eye chili
81:
38:
29:Bird's eye chili
26:
25:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1093:
1073:
1038:
998:
959:Madame Jeanette
929:Dragon's Breath
914:Carolina Reaper
883:
854:
825:Peperone crusco
803:Santa Fe Grande
633:Baklouti pepper
608:
600:
570:
569:
559:
557:
556:(in Indonesian)
550:
546:
533:
532:
528:
521:
505:
501:
484:
480:
465:
461:
448:
447:
443:
436:
422:
418:
413:
358:
337:
250:
245:
221:
178:
161:, the cultivar
148:Capsicum annuum
53:Capsicum annuum
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1161:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1123:
1122:
1120:
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1094:
1092:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1075:
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1059:Bishop's crown
1056:
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1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
895:
893:
885:
884:
882:
881:
879:Wild chiltepin
876:
870:
868:
856:
855:
853:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
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800:
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790:
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584:
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567:
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519:
499:
478:
459:
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434:
415:
414:
412:
409:
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407:
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377:
371:
365:
357:
354:
342:Numex twilight
336:
333:
249:
246:
244:
241:
220:
217:
197:Scoville units
177:
174:
153:Asian cuisines
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
88:Scoville scale
84:
83:
75:
71:
70:
67:
66:
63:
57:
56:
49:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1160:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1143:Chili peppers
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1118:
1110:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1090:
1089:Rocoto pepper
1087:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
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1051:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1005:C. frutescens
1001:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:Scotch bonnet
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
894:
892:
891:
886:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
869:
867:
866:
865:glabriusculum
862:
857:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
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771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
738:Hungarian wax
736:
734:
731:
729:
728:Guntur Sannam
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
713:Facing heaven
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
638:Banana pepper
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
623:
621:
620:
616:
611:
607:
605:
597:
592:
590:
585:
583:
578:
577:
574:
555:
548:
541:. 2010-02-16.
540:
536:
530:
522:
516:
512:
511:
503:
495:
494:
489:
482:
474:
470:
463:
456:. 2011-09-13.
455:
451:
445:
437:
431:
427:
420:
416:
406:
404:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
374:Siling labuyo
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
359:
353:
351:
347:
343:
332:
330:
329:
324:
320:
317:, such as in
316:
312:
307:
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
282:
278:
274:
269:
262:
258:
254:
240:
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234:
230:
226:
212:
208:
206:
202:
198:
193:
191:
182:
173:
170:
166:
165:
164:siling labuyo
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
141:
135:
129:
123:
117:
112:
108:
104:
95:
91:
89:
85:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
62:
58:
55:
54:
50:
48:
44:
37:
32:
27:
22:
1080:C. pubescens
1078:
1043:
1003:
909:Bhut jolokia
888:
864:
860:
748:Kashmiri red
703:Er jing tiao
652:
618:
614:
603:
558:. Retrieved
547:
538:
529:
509:
502:
491:
481:
472:
462:
453:
444:
425:
419:
402:
338:
326:
319:Thai curries
311:Thai cuisine
308:
301:
296:
286:
260:
256:
222:
194:
187:
168:
162:
156:
146:
140:chili pepper
106:
102:
101:
51:
1045:C. baccatum
969:Naga Morich
890:C. chinense
850:Siling haba
718:Friggitello
648:Bell pepper
380:Siling haba
328:khao kha mu
323:Thai salads
315:Thai dishes
281:Thai dishes
261:cabai rawit
176:Description
1132:Categories
1064:Lemon drop
673:Cheongyang
653:Bird's eye
539:SheSimmers
411:References
273:fish sauce
229:Portuguese
128:prik ki nu
116:พริกขี้หนู
107:Thai chili
65:Bird's Eye
1029:Malagueta
904:Ají dulce
861:C. annuum
708:Espelette
683:Cubanelle
615:C. annuum
606:cultivars
405:cultivars
205:jalapeños
190:perennial
122:romanized
1107:Category
994:Pepper X
954:Infinity
944:Habanero
939:Habanaga
845:Shishito
830:Pimiento
743:Jalapeño
723:Guajillo
698:Dundicut
688:De árbol
663:Cascabel
604:Capsicum
510:Thailand
403:Capsicum
401:List of
356:See also
297:gorengan
257:Tahu isi
201:habanero
82:Very hot
61:Cultivar
21:Birdseye
1117:Commons
1034:Tabasco
1019:Kambuzi
964:Nagabon
934:Fatalii
840:Serrano
835:Poblano
815:Pasilla
783:Chimayó
778:Big Jim
678:Chilaca
668:Cayenne
658:Byadagi
321:and in
293:sambals
248:Cooking
225:Spanish
219:Origins
143:variety
136:
124::
47:Species
1138:Spices
1024:Labuyo
899:Adjuma
874:Piquín
810:Padrón
798:Sandia
788:Fresno
768:Mulato
763:Medusa
758:Korean
733:Harmal
628:Aleppo
619:annuum
560:14 May
517:
432:
346:Saipan
924:Datil
863:var.
820:Peter
793:No. 9
753:Khola
617:var.
233:maize
562:2023
515:ISBN
493:Time
430:ISBN
350:Guam
348:and
277:lime
275:and
243:Uses
227:and
134:lit.
111:Thai
74:Heat
1054:Ají
309:In
302:In
287:In
105:or
1134::
537:.
490:.
471:.
452:.
352:.
207:.
167:.
131:,
119:,
113::
595:e
588:t
581:v
564:.
523:.
496:.
438:.
340:"
283:.
109:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
