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Despite her achievements as a zoologist, Birgithe Esmark was best known to the general public for her philanthropic endeavors. During her childhood, Esmark often battled illness. At one point, she spent time at a health resort in
Sandlefjord, where she met Mrs. Fearnley, an English woman who sparked
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Between 1880 and 1887, Esmark published six papers. Esmark distinguished herself through meticulous research on mollusks and their habitats. Notably, she made significant efforts to record the soil type for each of her mollusk findings, an uncommon practice during her time. This attention to detail
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and is considered the first
Norwegian female zoologist. She was the first woman to receive financial support for her scientific work from the Kongelige Frederiks Universitet in 1879, five years before it was open to women. Esmark's contributions as a malacologist advanced the knowledge of land and
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in establishing a series of institutions to aid the poor. These initiatives included a school for underprivileged children in
Piperviken, a dock area in Kristiania, and a mission to assist the impoverished through house visits and prayer meetings in nearby parts of the city.
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Upon returning to Norway, Esmark pursued her interest in molluscs, engaging in serious study despite being unable to enrol at the
University of Kristiania, which was still closed to women at the time. She received a scholarship to collect in Nordland and Finnmark from the
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Birgithe Esmark passed away on April 2, 1897, in
Kristiania at the age of 55 due to cancer. In 1908, a memorial statue was erected at her grave in Vor Freslers cemetery, Kristiania, honoring her contributions to science and philanthropy.
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and improving living conditions for the working class were prevalent. Esmark dedicated her efforts to the working-class districts of
Kristiania. She collaborated with
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where her uncle, Lauritis Esmark, served as a professor of zoology. In 1884 she published a dissertation on the land and freshwater molluscs of Norway.
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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demonstrated her recognition of the importance of soil type in determining species distribution which has since become best practice in the field.
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was a geologist, mining engineer, and professor of mining science at the university who had married the daughter of zoologist
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freshwater mollusks in Norway, both modern and fossil, with a particular focus on mollusks found in the Arctic regions.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
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Ladies in the
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In 1889, influenced by her
English friend Mrs. Fearnley, Esmark founded the Norwegian section of the
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One of her specialised papers focused on the fossil molluscs of the
Pisides group, commonly known as
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Esmark, Birgithe; Hoyer, Z (1886). "Die Land-und SĂĽsswassermollusken des arctischen Norwegens".
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her interest in Christian social work—a field in which Esmark became actively involved.
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Esmark, B (1882). "Nyt bidrag til kundskaben om Norges land-og ferskvands-mollusker".
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Esmark was born in Brevik , a town located approximately 100 miles south of
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Esmark, Birgithe (1886). "On the land and freshwater Mollusca of Norway".
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During the late 1800s and 1890s, societal discussions surrounding
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a machine-translated version of the Norwegian article.
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