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The eggs are fairly large and dark in colour. Incubation starts when the clutch of usually 3 is complete. The adults relay one another in shifts of about 90 minutes. Insulating nest lining is added periodically to the well-lined nest until the eggs are half buried. The young hatch in just under a
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The leg colour brightens during the spring breeding season, when the birds sometimes move to higher elevations. Males show mutual aggression at this time and establish territories by calling and display flights which may include exaggerated wing beats. A receptive female will follow the male in
288:, but in contrast shows a prominent white wingbar in flight, bordered by black remiges. The two species are also separated by their respective habitat preferences, the Senegal lapwing preferring lower, mostly drier locations.
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A black breast band separates the lapwing's grey head and neck from the white underside. The wing coverts are brown. It has a variable but prominent white forehead patch similar to its near relative, the
347:. Feeding territories of smaller than one hectare are defended by small groups of these birds. Newly found territories are most aggressively defended through vocal and visual threat displays or aerial
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267:). It is a habitat specialist of short grass in well-watered temperate grasslands. They may move about locally to find ideal situations, often at night. In their tightly grouped flying
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flight and copulation may follow soon after. The top of a slope in burnt grassland is a favourite location for nesting.
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The black-winged lapwing behaves somewhat like the similar-sized but more generally occurring
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Human activities impact both positively and negatively on this species; it is not
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on the ground, which constitutes a large part of their diet. They also take
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Agreement on the
Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
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month and require about another month to become self-sufficient.
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363:. The black-winged lapwing is one of the species to which the
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and the two species sometimes occur in mixed flocks.
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Species text in The Atlas of
Southern African Birds
413:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22694038A93435105.en
736:
452:Nests & Eggs of Southern African Birds
48:
29:
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343:, and in captivity prefer earthworms and
438:Marchant J., Prater T., Hayman P. 1986.
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765:Taxa named by Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar
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737:
354:
291:
486:
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745:IUCN Red List least concern species
462:The atlas of southern African birds
446:Birds of Africa south of the Sahara
440:Shorebirds: An identification guide
399:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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251:highlands in the north to central
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388:BirdLife International (2016).
247:species that is found from the
432:Hockey P.A.R., Douie C. 1995.
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1:
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235:greater black-winged lapwing
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755:Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa
444:Sinclair I., Ryan P. 2003.
331:Black-winged lapwings hunt
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320:Black-winged lapwing with
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434:Waders of southern Africa
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70:Scientific classification
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464:. Vol. 1: Non-passerines
406:: e.T22694038A93435105.
218:Stephanibyx melanopterus
211:Hoplopterus melanopterus
760:Birds described in 1829
204:Charadrius melanopterus
474:Black-winged plover -
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722:Vanellus-melanopterus
605:vanellus-melanopterus
540:Vanellus_melanopterus
526:Vanellus melanopterus
496:Vanellus melanopterus
392:Vanellus melanopterus
326:Midmar Nature Reserve
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240:Vanellus melanopterus
179:Vanellus melanopterus
24:Black-winged lapwing
312:Food and territories
231:black-winged lapwing
161:V. melanopterus
458:Black-winged Plover
355:Conservation status
337:tenebrionid beetles
292:Habits and breeding
221:(Cretzschmar, 1829)
214:(Cretzschmar, 1829)
40:Conservation status
450:Tarboton W. 2001.
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257:V. m. melanopterus
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488:Taxon identifiers
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127:Charadriiformes
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469:External links
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417:. Retrieved
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137:Charadriidae
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652:iNaturalist
520:Wikispecies
419:12 November
371:) applies.
279:Description
265:V. m. minor
187:Cretzschmar
739:Categories
717:Xeno-canto
375:References
361:endangered
456:Ward, D.
345:mealworms
322:earthworm
249:Ethiopian
155:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
750:Vanellus
696:22694038
670:10195777
566:22694038
561:BirdLife
505:Wikidata
333:termites
196:Synonyms
148:Vanellus
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
644:5229140
631:1049073
618:blwlap1
579:blwlap1
548:Avibase
511:Q372606
349:mobbing
273:plovers
245:African
189:, 1829)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
709:366838
683:176494
460:. In:
269:flocks
263:(race
255:(race
704:WoRMS
665:IRMNG
613:eBird
592:7FFJD
253:Kenya
691:IUCN
678:ITIS
657:4864
639:GBIF
421:2021
404:2016
369:AEWA
341:ants
339:and
229:The
117:Aves
626:EoL
600:CMS
587:CoL
574:BOW
535:ADW
408:doi
324:in
233:or
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