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547:, a dove flying toward him or alighting on his outstretched hand. According to Graydon Snyder, "The Noah story afforded the early Christian community an opportunity to express piety and peace in a vessel that withstood the threatening environment" of Roman persecution. According to Ludwig Budde and Pierre Prigent, the dove referred to the descending of the Holy Spirit rather than the peace associated with Noah. After the Peace of Constantine, when persecution ceased, Noah appeared less frequently in Christian art.
1925:
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892:(1874–1947), a Russian artist, cultural activist, and philosopher, founded a movement to protect cultural artifacts. Its symbol was a maroon-on-white emblem consisting of three solid circles in a surrounding circle. It has also been used as a peace banner. In 1935 a pact initiated by Roerich was signed by the United States and Latin American nations, agreeing that "historic monuments, museums, scientific, artistic, educational and cultural institutions" should be protected both in times of peace and war.
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1340:, the journal of the John Birch Society, published an article which compared the symbol to a supposed "broken cross" claimed to have been "carried by the Moors when they invaded Spain in the 8th century". The newsletter of the National Republican Congressional Committee of 28 September 1970 on its question page made the comparison to a design of a "death rune" in a wreath published by the German
2224:"A General and Bibliographical Dictionary of the Fine Arts: Containing Explanations of the Principal Terms Used in the Arts of Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, and Engraving, in All Their Various Branches; Historical Sketches of the Rise and Progress of Their Different Schools; Descriptive Accounts of the Best Books and Treatises on the Fine Arts; and Every Useful Topic Connected Therewith"
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1386:(1899–1968). Inspired by the peace flags used on British peace marches, Capitini got some women of Perugia hurriedly to sew together coloured strips of material. The march has been repeated many times since 1961, including in 2010. The original flag was kept by Capitini's collaborator, Lanfranco Mencaroni, at Collevalenza, near
1180:
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580:), possibly reflecting the Christian equivalence between the peace brought by baptism and peace brought by the ending of the Flood. By the fifth century, St Augustine confirmed the Christian adoption of the olive branch as a symbol of peace, writing that, "perpetual peace is indicated by the olive branch (Latin:
863:(PPU), which was the largest British peace organization in the inter-war years, joined in distributing white poppies and laying white poppy wreaths "as a pledge to peace that war must not happen again". In 1980, the PPU revived the symbol as a way of remembering the victims of war without glorifying militarism.
1286:
In 1970, two US private companies tried to register the peace symbol as a trade mark: the
Intercontinental Shoe Corporation of New York and Luv, Inc. of Miami. Commissioner of Patents William E. Schuyler Jr, said that the symbol "could not properly function as a trade mark subject to registration by
904:
nature of existence. But for the purposes of the Banner and the Pact, Roerich described the circle as representing the totality of culture, with the three dots being Art, Science, and
Religion, three of the most embracing of human cultural activities. He also described the circle as representing the
899:
The Banner of Peace symbol has ancient origins. Perhaps its earliest known example appears on Stone Age amulets: three dots, without the enclosing circle. Roerich came across numerous later examples in various parts of the world, and knew that it represented a deep and sophisticated understanding of
535:
literature interpreted the olive leaf as "the young shoots of the Land of Israel" or the dove's preference for bitter food in God's service, rather than sweet food in the service of men. Neither represented peace in Jewish thought, but the dove and olive branch acquired that meaning in
Christianity.
1768:
is a United
Nations peace symbol. Cast on 24 November 1952, it was an official gift of the Japanese people to the United Nations on 8 June 1954. The symbolic bell of peace was donated by Japan to the United Nations at a time when Japan had not yet been officially admitted to the United Nations. The
1139:
Ken
Kolsbun, a correspondent of Holtom's, says that the designer came to regret the symbolism of despair, as he felt that peace was something to be celebrated and wanted the symbol to be inverted. Eric Austen is said to have "discovered that the 'gesture of despair' motif had long been associated
434:
At first the dove represented the subjective personal experience of peace, the peace of the soul, and in the earliest
Christian art it accompanies representations of baptism. By the end of the second century (for example in the writing of Tertullian) it also represented social and political peace,
1430:
The flag usually has the colours violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red from top to bottom, but some have the violet stripe below the blue one (as in the picture at the right) or a white one at the top. A picture of
Capitini's first peace flag, carried by Anna Capitini and Silvana
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431:) compared the dove, who "announced to the world the assuagement of divine wrath, when she had been sent out of the ark and returned with the olive branch, to the Holy Spirit who descends in baptism in the form of a dove that brings the peace of God, sent out from the heavens".
1569:) – are facing each other in truce; Note that hunting lions attack from the rear, not face-to the horns. The imagery of a predator and prey lying down together in peace is reflected in other ancient literature, e.g. "...the calf and the lion and the yearling together..."
695:
In 18th-century
America, a £2 note of North Carolina (1771) depicted the dove and olive with a motto meaning: "Peace restored". Georgia's $ 40 note of 1778 portrayed the dove and olive and a hand holding a dagger, with a motto meaning "Either war or peace, prepared for
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I was in despair. Deep despair. I drew myself: the representative of an individual in despair, with hands palm outstretched outwards and downwards in the manner of Goya's peasant before the firing squad. I formalised the drawing into a line and put a circle round
833:, a German who had refused military service, founded the Anti-Kriegs Museum in Berlin, which featured a bas-relief broken rifle over the door. The museum distributed broken-rifle badges, girls' and women's brooches, boys' belt buckles, and men's tie pins.
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In the account of the Great Flood, God set the rainbow to a seal the alliance with man and nature, promising that there will never be another Flood. The rainbow thus became a symbol of Peace across the earth and the sky, and, by extension, among all
3758:"In the past, a very similar inverted cross was known to represent Peter hanging upside down on the cross. When that symbol was placed on the door, it was a sign to persecuted Christians that there would be church services in that home." Pasadena
3484:"By the time the marchers had left Chiswick they numbered less than two thousand. Above them bobbed the signs of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, a sort of formalised white butterfly which, it appeared, was the semaphore sign for "N.D." "
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1618:(to use a token currency, where the value is guaranteed by the state). Both inventions were rapidly adopted by surrounding nations through further trade and cooperation and have been of fundamental benefit to the progress of civilization.
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146:
The use of the olive branch as a symbol of peace in
Western civilization dates at least to 5th century BC Greece. The olive branch, which the Greeks believed represented plenty and drove away evil spirits, was one of the attributes of
2295:
519:
The
Christian symbolism of the olive branch, invariably carried by the dove, derives from Greek usage and the story of Noah in the Hebrew Bible. The story of Noah ends with a dove bringing a freshly plucked olive leaf (Hebrew:
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symbol within a circle, but he was dissuaded by several priests who expressed reservations towards using the cross on a protest march. Holtom's symbol was nevertheless compared to the Christian cross symbol, as well as to the
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eternity of time, encompassing the past, present, and future. The sacred origins of the symbol, as an illustration of the trinities fundamental to all religions, remain central to the meaning of the Pact and the Banner today.
607:" ("a branch of olive tree with green leaves") in Gen. 8:11. In the Middle Ages, some Jewish manuscripts, which were often illustrated by Christians, also showed Noah's dove with an olive branch, for example, the Golden
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1334:, Marjorie Jensen, who wrote a pamphlet claiming the symbol was equivalent to "a symbol of the devil, with the cross reversed and broken" supposedly known as "the crow's foot or witch's foot". In June 1970,
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1665:, palm outwards, with the index and middle fingers open and all others closed. It had been used to represent victory during the Second World War. During the 1960s in the US, activists against the
1462:
reported leading advertising executives saying that the peace flag had become more popular than the Italian national flag. In November 2009, a huge peace flag, 21m wide by 40m long, was made in
743:, Picasso said that his father had taught him to paint doves, concluding, "I stand for life against death; I stand for peace against war." At the 1952 World Peace Council in Berlin, Picasso's
3682:
3329:
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4164:
830:
1260:, a pacifist protester, sailed a small boat fitted with the CND banner into the vicinity of a nuclear test. Buttons with the symbol were imported into the United States in 1960 by
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1557:. Alyattes was Croesus' father and Hermodike II was likely his mother. When he came to power, Croesus minted the first coin depicting two animals. The roaring lion – symbol of
2531:... praeco columba terris adnuntiavit dimissa ex arca et cum olea reversa – quod signum etiam ad nationes pacis praetenditur eadem dispositione spiritalis effectus terrae ...
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Between 1960 and 1964, they sold thousands of the buttons on college campuses. By 1968, the symbol had been adopted as a generic peace sign, associated especially with the
278:) enthroned in heaven with the Virtues behind them. Peace, with her doves and lambs, hands an olive branch to William, who in turn hands the cap of liberty to Europe, where
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was granted a wish. This made an impression in people's minds. As a result, she is remembered on every 6 August, which is an annual peace day for people all over Japan.
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National Republican Congressional Committee (28 September 1970), cited after Stanford (2012). Caption Wochenspruch der NSDAP. / Herausgeber / Folge 12, 15. – 21. Marz
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published an engraving of Peace descending on a cloud from the Temple of Commerce, bringing an olive branch to America and Britannia. In July that year, the American
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The wolf will live with the lamb, the leopard will lie down with the goat, the calf and the lion and the yearling together; and a little child will lead them.
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810:(WRI) and its affiliates but predates the foundation of WRI in 1921. The first known example of the symbol is in the masthead of the January 1909 issue of
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200:, the god of war, had another aspect, Mars Pacifer, Mars the bringer of Peace, who is shown on coins of the later Roman Empire bearing an olive branch.
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816:(Down with Weapons), the monthly paper of the International Antimilitarist Union in the Netherlands. In 1915 it appeared on the cover of a pamphlet,
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Nicella, God's virgin, who lived for more or less 35 years. She was placed 15 days before the Kalends of May . For the well deserving one in peace.
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resulted in regional peace, which facilitated the transfer of ground-breaking technological skills into Ancient Greece; respectively, the
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magazine in its 2 November 1970 issue made note of these comparisons, pointing out that any such resemblance was "probably coincidental".
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100 years of peace making: A history of the International Peace Bureau and other international peace movement organisations and networks
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and later the whole Campaign together ... probably the most powerful, memorable and adaptable image ever designed for a secular cause".
716:
A German war loan poster of 1917 showed the head of an eagle over a dove of peace in flight, with the text, "Subscribe to the War Loan".
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The symbol now known internationally as the "peace symbol" or "peace sign", was created in 1958 as a symbol for Britain's campaign for
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644:, but by this time the association of the dove with an olive branch as a symbol of peace in the story of Noah was firmly established.
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for the characters "N" and "D", taken to stand for "nuclear disarmament". This observation was made as early as 5 April 1958 in the
314:, Secretary to Congress: "The Olive branch and arrows denote the power of peace & war which is exclusively vested in Congress."
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416:(composed around the end of the first century AD) said that the Flood, which brought salvation through water, prefigured baptism.
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In 1921, Belgian workers marching through La Louvrière on 16 October 1921, carried flags showing a soldier breaking his rifle.
543:(313 AD), in which Rome ceased its persecution of Christians following Constantine's conversion, Noah was normally shown in an
4276:
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3053:""Commission and instruction to Niccolo Machiavelli, Sent to Sienna by the Ten of Liberty and Peace", in Niccolo Machiavelli,
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signals for the letters "N" and "D", taken to stand for "nuclear disarmament", while simultaneously acting as a reference to
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435:"peace unto the nations", and from the third century it began to appear in depictions of conflict, such as Noah and the Ark,
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1713:, in the last stages of her illness she started folding paper cranes, inspired by the Japanese saying that one who folded a
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after World War II. In the 1950s, the "peace sign", as it is known today (also known as "peace and love"), was designed by
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In these catacombs we find numerous sarcophagi and inscriptions painted or engraved of the Roman and Byzantine periods
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Not copyrighted, trademarked or restricted, the symbol spread beyond CND and was adopted by the wider disarmament and
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731:(The Dove), a traditional, realistic picture of a pigeon, without an olive branch, was chosen as the emblem for the
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Diagram showing the relationship between the Flood, baptism, water, peace and the dove in early Christian thinking.
79:
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The Struggle Against the Bomb: Volume Two, Resisting the Bomb: A History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement
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gold coin of 1644 shows the monarch with sword and olive branch. Throughout the 18th century, English coins show
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In another example, a shallow relief sculpture shows a dove with a branch flying to a figure marked in Greek as
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Graydon F. Snyder, "The Interaction of Jews with Non-Jews in Rome", in Karl P. Donfreid and Peter Richardson,
1576:(Isaiah 11:6, see above). The croeseid symbolism of peace between the Greeks of Asia Minor, Lydians and later
1374:
The international peace flag in the colours of the rainbow was first used in Italy on a 1961 peace march from
63:
was used symbolically by early Christians and then eventually became a secular peace symbol, popularized by a
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on 21 February 1958. It was "immediately accepted" as a symbol for the movement and used for a march from
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166:(70–10 BC) associated "the plump olive" with Pax and he used the olive branch as a symbol of peace in his
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3300:"He gave his unforgettable work for nothing. Shouldn't the designer of the peace symbol be commemorated?"
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Japanese Peace Bell was presented to the United Nations by the United Nations Association of Japan.
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1495:, depicting the Lion and Bull – partly symbolizing alliance between Lydia and Greece, respectively.
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wearing various amulets, including the "peace symbol" and the Buddhist swastika (1971 photograph).
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or Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historic Monuments of 1935
531:), a sign of life after the Flood and of God's bringing Noah, his family and the animals to land.
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The Cambridge Ancient History, edited by John Boederman, Cambridge University Press, 1997, p. 832
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826:. The (German) League for War Victims, founded in 1917, used the broken rifle on a 1919 banner.
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describes the use of the olive-branch as a gesture of peace by the enemies of the Roman general
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in Paris in April 1949. The dove became a symbol for the peace movement and the ideals of the
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142:, January 1775, showing the Goddess of Peace bringing an olive branch to America and Britannia.
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1151:, and wearing it became a sign of support for the campaign that argued for British unilateral
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The Hoax of the Witch's foot: How the John Birch Society created a myth about the peace sign
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The Myth of the Witch's Foot: How the John Birch Society Created a Hoax About the Peace Sign
3654:
The Myth of the Witch's Foot: How the John Birch Society Created a Hoax About the Peace Sign
2672:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 802–803, see page 803.
2492:
1517:. It depicted the Lydian Lion and Hellenic Bull, representing the peaceful alliance between
1268:. Altbach had traveled to England to meet with British peace groups as a delegate from the
1155:. An account of CND's early history described the image as "a visual adhesive to bind the
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was depicted in a banner above the stage. The dove symbol was used extensively in the post-
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1695:, a traditional symbol of luck in Japan, was popularized as a peace symbol by the story of
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and was used in Communist demonstrations of the period. At the 1950 World Peace Council in
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Mycenaean Origin of Greek Mythology, Martin Nilsson, 1983 Univ of California Press, p. 48.
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The imagery of a predator and prey lying down together in peace is depicted in the Bible:
8:
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in commemoration of servicemen who died in the First World War. In 1934 the newly formed
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NICELLA VIRCO DEI OVE VI XIT ANNOS P M XXXV DE POSITA XV KAL MAIAS BENE MERENTI IN PACE
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Unveiling of "Peace & Harmony", European Peace Monument – Dedicated to John Lennon
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Mencaroni, shows the colours red, orange, white, green, violet, indigo, and lavender.
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1470:, by young members of "GPACE – Youth for Peace – Give Peace a Chance Everywhere".
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In 1933, during a period in which there was widespread fear of war in Europe, the
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onwards, which translated the story of Noah direct from Hebrew, render the Hebrew
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in the painting, the peasant shown has his arms stretched upwards, not downwards.
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1120:. In addition to this primary genesis, Holtom additionally cited as inspiration
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3442:"On February 21, 1958, the Peace Symbol Design Was Completed by Gerald Holtom"
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In the late 15th century, a dove with an olive branch was used on the seal of
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The Romans believed there was an intimate relationship between war and peace.
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1885:. Wall plaques, signs, T-shirts, and buttons are sold with only those words.
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The Roman history: From the Building of Rome to the Ruin of the Commonwealth
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Ragnar Hedlund, "Coinage and authority in the Roman empire, c. AD 260–295",
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and in subsequent anti-war protests adopted the gesture as a sign of peace.
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planned by the United States and its allies. In 2003, the Italian newspaper
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Happy Birthday Peace – celebrating 50 years of Gerald Holtom's peace symbol
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described the symbol as a "broken cross", which he claimed represented the
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601:, which translated the Vulgate into English in the 14th century, uses "
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/7cEz771FSeOLptGIElaquA
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3232:"Margaret Llewelyn Davies (1861–1943) and Emmy Freundlich (1878–1948)"
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1272:(SPU) and, on his return, he persuaded the SPU to adopt the symbol.
39:
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Ante Pacem: archaeological evidence of church life before Constantine
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committee known as The Ten of Liberty and Peace, whose secretary was
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Symbols of Peace, Housmans Peace Diary 2007,' London: Housmans, 2006
412:. Christians saw similarities between baptism and Noah's Flood. The
239:
Poets of the 17th century associated the olive branch with peace. A
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1067:(1922–1999) to ceramic lapel badges. The original design is in the
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4228:"Online retail page for the music band called 'emma's revolution'"
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1851:
1658:
1599:
1518:
1486:
1478:
1467:
1398:
1375:
1202:
A "peace symbol" forming part of the "Hippie Memorial" (1992) in
930:
722:
594:
555:
370:
342:
71:
4096:
Amelia Dowler, Curator, British Museum; A History of the World;
4066:: " had Agelaus, from whom the family of Croesus was descended."
3516:
2046:
1362:
1017:
in the 1960s and was re-interpreted as generically representing
602:
508:). The symbol has also been found in the Christian catacombs of
334:
4909:
4859:
4606:
4536:
4256:
2577:
Inventory of Biblical Scenes on Pre-Constantinian Christian Art
1811:
1797:
1792:
1778:
1707:
in 1945. According to the story, popularized through the book
1641:
1627:
1607:
1379:
1319:
rune associated with death in early 20th century esotericism).
1140:
with 'the death of man', and the circle with 'the unborn child'
1000:
795:
710:
initiative in 1816, used the symbol of a dove and olive branch.
707:
509:
303:" in the hope of avoiding a full-blown war with Great Britain.
201:
168:
163:
112:
55:
have been used many ways in various cultures and contexts. The
586:) that the dove brought with it when it returned to the ark."
5280:
4646:
4271:
3611:
1873:
1815:
1782:
1603:
1540:
1529:. This alliance had been sealed through two royal marriages,
1463:
1434:
In 2002, renewed display of the flag was widespread with the
1316:
544:
532:
493:
487:
351:
151:, the Greek goddess of peace. Eirene (whom the Romans called
2316:
Loyalist resolve: patient fortitude in the English Civil War
1562:
1387:
1256:. It became widely known in the United States in 1958 when
783:
159:
4079:
Kershaw, Stephen. ( ed.). London, England: Penguin Books.
704:
Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace
470:, a dove and branch are drawn next to a Latin inscription
155:), appeared on Roman Imperial coins with an olive branch.
2205:
A General and Bibliographical Dictionary of the Fine Arts
1330:. Hargis' interpretation was taken up by a member of the
1063:
in Berkshire on 4 April. Holtom's design was adapted by
5249:
855:
as an alternative to the red poppies distributed by the
597:
Bible, showed the dove returning to Noah with a branch.
310:(1782), the olive branch denotes peace, as explained by
3087:, Pax förlag, International Peace Bureau, January 1991"
3902:""The Perugia-Assisi Peace March", Paolo Andruciolli,
3348:
2605:"Bene Merenti – Inscriptions from the Roman Catacombs"
2261:"Appian's History of Rome: The Spanish Wars (§§91–95)"
1473:
1390:. In 2011, plans were announced to transfer it to the
1222:" pin, likely a reference to the 1969 John Lennon song
706:, also known as The London Peace Society, formed on a
3788:"Popular pendant's meaning: symbol of peace or evil?"
2440:"'Catholic Encyclopedia' Dove: As an artistic symbol"
619:
559:
526:
521:
282:
prevails. Below William is the defeated French king,
1892:
1832:
has been used as a peace symbol in the Middle East.
516:), which date from the end of the first century AD.
322:"Peace dove" redirects here. For the sculpture, see
4957:
Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)
3980:""Bandiera della pace più popolare del tricolore",
3977:
2079:, Harmonsdsworth: Penguin Books, 1962, Section 53.7
1421:) in the center. It has been explained as follows:
90:activists in the US and elsewhere. The symbol is a
4521:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
3613:
3572:
3055:The Historical, Political, and Diplomatic Writings
3038:Mattingly, Gareth, "Michiavelli", in Plumb, J.H.,
2867:"Peace Sign – Meaning And A Brief History In 2021"
1013:. It went on to be widely adopted in the American
450:The dove appears in Christian inscriptions in the
181:While thus he spoke: "The Phrygians' arms you see,
4155:
1382:organized by the pacifist and social philosopher
373:depicted as a dove of peace in a church memorial
30:"Peace sign" redirects here. For other uses, see
5617:
4272:The biography of the Peace Symbol by Ken Kolsbun
3405:
2258:
2244:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1699:(1943–1955), a girl who died as a result of the
1306:Gerald Holtom had originally considered using a
1294:government tried to ban its use by opponents of
779:), showing the peace dove metamorphosing into a
755:had their own take on the peace dove: the group
354:attitude of prayer, the dove and an olive branch
108:(1814) (aka "Peasant Before the Firing Squad").
47:in 1958 is now widely known as the "peace sign".
5500:
4341:
4302:A British Museum expert's view of the CND badge
4197:"7 things you didn't know about the Peace Bell"
817:
4077:The Penguin Dictionary of Classical Mythology.
3844:. Vol. 96, no. 18. 2 November 1970.
3612:Ken Kolsbun with Mike Sweeney (1 April 2008).
3270:
3268:
3017:British Library, Online Gallery, Sacred Texts.
2581:. Faculty.maryvillecollege.edu. Archived from
1729:
1584:) persisted long after Croesus' death – until
191:Bring holy peace, and beg the king's relief."
189:This message bear: The Trojans and their chief
5265:
4972:Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces
4327:
2226:. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023
1455:
1435:
1402:
1244:and holding a peace symbol commemorating the
824:Norwegian Social Democratic Youth Association
670:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3825:, Reichspropagandaleitung der NSDAP (1942).
3704:"World's best-known protest symbol turns 50"
3548:"World's best-known protest symbol turns 50"
3282:. The Peace Museum, Bradford. Archived from
2010:
2008:
1820:
1802:
1513:One of the first coins to be minted was the
1450:) campaign, a protest against the impending
764:
756:
4226:the music band called 'emma's revolution'.
3605:
3265:
2894:Augustine of Hippo, 'On Christian Doctrine'
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
1953:, songs celebrating or eulogizing the world
822:(Under the Broken Rifle), published by the
811:
684:
581:
565:
471:
461:
455:
5272:
5258:
4334:
4320:
4287:World's best-known protest symbol turns 50
4162:"The Japanese Version (the Sign of Peace)"
3253:"Pact and Banner Of Peace Through Culture"
3007:, London: The British Library, 1997, p. 22
1227:
647:
604:a braunche of olyue tre with greene leeuys
4925:Global Day of Action on Military Spending
3868:
3579:. Stanford University Press. p. 55.
3388:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3057:, vol. 3 (Diplomatic Missions 1498–1505)"
2885:
2656:Babelon, Ernest Charles François (1911).
2556:
2554:
2552:
2310:
2005:
1636:US soldiers protest the Vietnam war, 1968
1344:as representing (heroic) death, in 1942.
1246:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
866:
289:In January 1775, the frontispiece of the
264:Peace and Liberty Triumphing Over Tyranny
234:Peace and Liberty Triumphing Over Tyranny
187:At first affianced, and at last betrayed.
119:also became international peace symbols.
3645:
3545:
2198:
2196:
2151:
1752:
1719:
1682:
1631:
1477:
1361:
1231:
1112:The symbol is a super-imposition of the
876:
794:
651:
357:
341:
333:
317:
227:
223:
131:
38:
4292:What is the origin of the peace symbol?
4171:, Icons website. Retrieved 29 July 2007
3785:
3722:
2655:
1989:
1987:
1734:), or 1000 cranes, to the memorial for
1322:In 1968, the anti-Communist evangelist
346:Wall painting from the early Christian
185:By Latian foes, with war unjustly made;
179:And held a branch of olive in his hand,
86:in the UK, and adopted by anti-war and
82:(CND), a group at the forefront of the
14:
5618:
4657:Soviet influence on the peace movement
4207:from the original on 14 September 2021
4147:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3856:from the original on 22 September 2024
3448:. Vintage Everyday. 21 February 2022.
3379:
3354:
3226:
3224:
2873:from the original on 20 September 2021
2743:Judaism and Christianity in Early Rome
2564:, Macon: Mercer University Press, 2003
2549:
2014:
1742:
393:accompanied by a dove, often on their
258:, contains an allegorical painting by
127:
5253:
4844:World March for Peace and Nonviolence
4315:
3786:Walling, Marie H. (13 January 1969).
3452:from the original on 21 February 2022
3396:, London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1964.
3330:"First use of the peace symbol, 1958"
3310:from the original on 20 February 2018
3276:"Nuclear Disarmament Symbol Drawings"
3242:from the original on 12 October 2008.
2361:from the original on 15 February 2012
2318:, Associated University Presses, 1988
2221:
2193:
2100:from the original on 22 February 2012
2017:"Where did the peace sign come from?"
2015:Breyer, Melissa (21 September 2010).
1057:Atomic Weapons Research Establishment
614:English Bibles from the 17th-century
454:, sometimes accompanied by the words
183:Expelled from Troy, provoked in Italy
5001:Third Party Non-violent Intervention
4183:Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes
4129:from the original on 15 October 2016
3994:from the original on 13 January 2012
3505:from the original on 3 October 2013.
3422:from the original on 22 January 2012
3297:
3145:from the original on 13 January 2012
3119:from the original on 12 October 2011
3063:from the original on 24 October 2012
2967:from the original on 2 February 2012
2941:from the original on 7 February 2012
2821:from the original on 2 February 2012
2789:from the original on 3 February 2012
2723:from the original on 18 January 2012
2611:from the original on 10 January 2012
2490:
2446:from the original on 6 February 2012
2409:from the original on 11 January 2012
2355:"Coins of Quality: The art of Coins"
2267:from the original on 13 January 2012
2082:
2027:from the original on 7 November 2012
1984:
1877:). The symbol has come to represent
1710:Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes
1679:Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes
1561:– and the bull – symbol of Hellenic
522:
43:The symbol designed for the British
5596:List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates
5528:Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE)
3953:"Pace Oggi (Peace Today) (Italian)"
3679:, Meriden, Conn, 22 Oct 1970, p.29"
3546:Westcott, Kathryn (20 March 2008).
3262:, Nicholas Roerich Museum, New York
3221:
3040:The Horizon Book of the Renaissance
2745:, Grand Rapids: Wm B. Ferdman, 1998
2494:Worshipping with the Church Fathers
1821:
1803:
1474:Predator and prey lie down together
1147:The symbol became the badge of the
851:began the practice of distributing
806:The broken rifle symbol is used by
689:(Peace and the Defence of Liberty).
177:High on the stern Aeneas his stand,
24:
5226:Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir
5123:Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)
4411:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
3955:. Scuoleingioco.it. Archived from
3912:from the original on 15 March 2012
3740:from the original on 25 March 2008
3685:from the original on 11 April 2016
3554:from the original on 21 March 2008
3197:from the original on 18 March 2012
3171:from the original on 14 April 2012
3093:from the original on 21 April 2012
2986:British Library, "Golden Haggadah"
2783:"Babylonian Talmud Sanhedrin 108b"
2637:from the original on 14 March 2012
2405:. Newadvent.org. 1 November 1908.
2126:from the original on 13 March 2012
2001:from the original on 24 July 2011.
1724:Japanese school children dedicate
1301:
348:Catacombs of Marcellinus and Peter
25:
5637:
5485:List of periods of regional peace
4718:International Day of Non-Violence
4376:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
4307:The Different Peace Flags of Pisa
4250:
4020:from the original on 1 March 2012
3593:from the original on 16 June 2013
3527:from the original on 26 July 2018
3406:W. J. Mc Cormack (17 July 1999).
3394:The Disarmers: A Study in Protest
3355:Lacayo, Richard (27 March 2008).
2911:from the original on 19 June 2013
2511:from the original on 16 June 2013
2497:. InerVarsity Press. p. 32.
2335:from the original on 19 June 2013
2148:, 2, pp.425ff (trans. Fairclough)
2057:from the original on 26 July 2018
1047:(1914–1985), who presented it to
895:According to the Roerich Museum,
5128:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
3734:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
3616:Peace: The Biography of a Symbol
3521:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
2190:, 5, University of Uppsala, 2008
2051:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
1923:
1909:
1895:
1854:of each other, derived from the
1772:
1236:Nuclear disarmament activist in
1211:
1195:
1179:
1172:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
1164:
1149:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
1098:
1086:
1030:
1021:. It was also used by activists
80:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
4501:Social Democratic Party (Japan)
4189:
4174:
4109:
4090:
4069:
4050:
4041:
4032:
4006:
3971:
3945:
3924:
3894:
3828:
3812:
3779:
3752:
3697:
3667:
3566:
3539:
3509:
3487:
3464:
3434:
3399:
3322:
3291:
3246:
3209:
3183:
3157:
3131:
3105:
3075:
3045:
3032:
3010:
2997:
2979:
2953:
2923:
2859:
2833:
2801:
2775:
2759:
2748:
2735:
2705:
2679:
2649:
2623:
2597:
2567:
2523:
2484:
2473:
2458:
2432:
2421:
2391:
2373:
2347:
2304:
2279:
2252:
1964:
1672:
1401:-colored stripes with the word
1351:
909:
790:
408:that descended on Jesus during
329:
308:Great Seal of the United States
247:with a spear and olive branch.
122:
4421:List of pacifist organisations
3298:Jack, Ian (28 November 2015).
3191:"Princeton University Library"
2719:. Patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn.
2491:Hall, Christopher A. (2010) .
2311:Anselment, Raymond A. (1988).
2188:Studia Numismatica Upsaliensia
2180:
2138:
2112:
2069:
2039:
1997:. Cnduk.org. 22 January 2014.
1738:in Hiroshima Peace Park, 1990.
881:The Pax Cultura emblem of the
836:
441:three young men in the furnace
350:in Rome, showing Noah, in the
13:
1:
3984:, 20 February 2003 (Italian)"
3471:"Early Defections in March",
3280:The Peace Museum's Collection
3029:, p.3, lower left hand panel.
2843:. Tachash.org. Archived from
2442:. Newadvent.org. 1 May 1909.
2403:, Roman Catacombs: Paintings"
1977:
1589:
1570:
1547:
1533:
1489:
1370:flown from a balcony in Italy
1281:opposition to the Vietnam War
421:
4827:World Peace Bell Association
4728:Dialogue Among Civilizations
4431:New Socialist Party of Japan
4416:Iraq War resisters in Canada
4381:Coalition of Women for Peace
3193:. Infoshare1.princeton.edu.
3115:. Moma.org. 9 January 1949.
2293:, London: J. Rivington, 1823
1397:The flag commonly has seven
808:War Resisters' International
801:War Resisters' International
620:
560:
527:
494:
78:as the logo for the British
45:nuclear disarmament movement
7:
5409:Environmental peacebuilding
4995:The whole world is watching
4763:Peace & Love (festival)
4713:Imagine Piano Peace Project
3908:(in Italian). Rassegna.it.
3882:The Story of the Peace Flag
3573:Lawrence S Wittner (1993).
2937:. Bl.uk. 30 November 2003.
1888:
1043:The symbol was designed by
1025:in the 1980s, although the
799:The broken rifle symbol of
763:distributed posters titled
32:Peace Sign (disambiguation)
10:
5642:
5517:Vienna + Moscow Mechanisms
5358:Religion and peacebuilding
5313:Peace and conflict studies
5118:2011 intervention in Libya
4738:List of places named Peace
4723:International Day of Peace
4441:Peace and conflict studies
4361:Anti-nuclear organizations
3776:, Monday, 3 December 2012.
3657:, Monday, 3 December 2012
3408:"Obituary of Eric Austen,
2961:"Wycliffe Bible, Gen 8:11"
2687:"Where the stones cry out"
2465:The Early Christian World,
1776:
1746:
1676:
1625:
1355:
870:
849:Women's Co-operative Guild
840:
686:Pax et Defencio Libertatis
603:
488:
321:
29:
5604:
5578:
5555:
5493:
5427:
5381:
5287:
5279:
5234:
5163:
5028:
4852:
4753:Nobel Peace Prize Concert
4748:Mother's Day Proclamation
4698:Dances of Universal Peace
4675:
4529:
4511:The Women's Peace Crusade
4353:
3978:RCS Corriere della Sera.
3238:. Hull Women's Archives.
1947:, Russian anti-war symbol
1822:
1804:
1730:
1621:
1038:
971:
966:
955:
950:
928:
921:
916:
757:
404:compared the dove to the
383:dove as a symbol of peace
5419:Territorial peace theory
5414:Infrastructure for Peace
5014:Violence begets violence
4947:Non-aggression principle
4817:The Non-Violence Project
4797:Promoting Enduring Peace
4780:Promoting Enduring Peace
4436:Pacifist Socialist Party
4267:A Circle and Three Lines
4075:Grimal, Pierre, (1991).
4062:31 December 2022 at the
3906:, 14 May 2010 (Italian)"
3762:8 May 1968, cited after
3480:22 November 2016 at the
2543:24 December 2016 at the
2298:20 February 2018 at the
2122:. Coins of Roman Egypt.
1957:
1879:peace in the Middle East
1445:Peace from every balcony
766:La colombe qui fait BOUM
466:). For example, in the
27:Symbols to promote peace
5591:List of peace activists
5404:Democratic peace theory
5394:Complex system approach
5108:Military action in Iran
4743:Monuments and memorials
4693:Concert Yutel for Peace
4496:React, Include, Recycle
4426:List of peace activists
4391:Conscientious objectors
4103:22 January 2010 at the
3772:17 October 2015 at the
3661:17 October 2015 at the
3517:"History of the Symbol"
3059:. Oll.libertyfund.org.
3042:, London: Collins, 1961
2669:Encyclopædia Britannica
2575:"John Dominic Crossan,
2047:"History of the Symbol"
1941:, Russian anti-war flag
1865:(realized in Hebrew as
1828:) and the English word
1715:thousand origami cranes
1612:phonetic written script
1437:Pace da tutti i balconi
1228:International reception
1049:Direct Action Committee
774:the dove that goes BOOM
648:Secular representations
591:illuminated manuscripts
550:In the fourth century,
445:Susannah and the Elders
266:(1708–1716), depicting
252:Old Royal Naval College
5428:Regional peacebuilding
5029:Opposition to specific
4984:Swords to ploughshares
4978:Soldiers are murderers
4371:Anti-war organizations
3113:"Museum of Modern Art"
3022:14 August 2011 at the
2259:Appian of Alexandria.
2120:"Coins of Roman Egypt"
1761:
1739:
1688:
1687:Japanese peace symbol.
1637:
1511:
1496:
1456:
1436:
1428:
1403:
1371:
1249:
1137:
1071:in Bradford, England.
1023:opposing nuclear power
907:
886:
867:Roerich's peace banner
819:Under det brukne Gevær
818:
812:
803:
765:
685:
671:
662:
656:Adaption of Picasso's
582:
566:
558:translated the Hebrew
472:
462:
456:
414:First Epistle of Peter
378:
355:
339:
276:English Bill of Rights
236:
194:
143:
48:
5031:wars or their aspects
4952:Nonviolent resistance
4802:Show of Peace Concert
4567:Anti-nuclear movement
4203:. 21 September 2018.
3709:20 March 2012 at the
3357:"A Piece of Our Time"
3258:16 March 2013 at the
2991:6 August 2016 at the
2401:Catholic Encyclopedia
2357:. Petitioncrown.com.
2222:Elmes, James (1826).
2212:10 April 2023 at the
2092:Theoi Greek Mythology
1939:White-blue-white flag
1883:Arab–Israeli conflict
1810:), together with the
1756:
1723:
1686:
1677:Further information:
1635:
1588:introduced new coins
1539:to the Phrygian king
1501:
1481:
1423:
1365:
1266:University of Chicago
1235:
1132:
1127:The Third of May 1808
897:
880:
798:
655:
564:in the Noah story as
468:Catacomb of Callixtus
361:
345:
337:
318:Dove and olive branch
301:Olive Branch Petition
274:(who had enacted the
231:
224:Later representations
174:
135:
105:The Third of May 1808
42:
5540:Treaty on Open Skies
5113:Sri Lankan Civil War
5007:Turn the other cheek
4822:University for Peace
4733:List of peace prizes
4167:21 June 2008 at the
3938:26 June 2015 at the
3887:3 March 2016 at the
3836:"What's in a Symbol"
3823:Folge 12, 15–21 März
3392:Christopher Driver,
3165:"BBC Modern Masters"
2715:The Sousse Catacombs
2385:26 June 2007 at the
1791:of the three words,
1287:the Patent Office".
1264:, a freshman at the
857:Royal British Legion
843:White poppy (symbol)
683:; it bore the motto
541:Peace of Constantine
324:Peace Dove (Sumgait)
297:Continental Congress
5155:Nuclear disarmament
5138:in Russian Far East
4895:Department of Peace
4880:Counter-recruitment
4875:Conflict resolution
4865:Central Park be-ins
4853:Slogans and tactics
4832:Japanese Peace Bell
4622:Non-interventionism
4617:Modern-war pacifism
4555:Christian anarchism
3988:Corriere della Sera
3982:Corriere della Sera
3622:National Geographic
3473:Manchester Guardian
3336:on 19 February 2012
3286:on 1 February 2014.
3236:Women of Conviction
3027:The Golden Haggadah
3005:The Golden Haggadah
2560:Graydon D. Snyder,
1766:Japanese Peace Bell
1759:Japanese Peace Bell
1749:Japanese Peace Bell
1743:Japanese Peace Bell
1614:and the minting of
1567:Seduction of Europa
1521:and the dynasty of
1458:Corriere della Sera
1270:Student Peace Union
1220:Give Peace a Chance
1153:nuclear disarmament
1118:Manchester Guardian
1011:nuclear disarmament
733:World Peace Council
512:, Tunisia (ancient
439:and the lions, the
139:The London Magazine
128:Classical antiquity
5399:Conflict continuum
5049:American Civil War
4941:Make love, not war
4915:Economic sanctions
4870:Civil disobedience
4703:Festival for Peace
4676:Media and cultural
4662:Testimony of peace
4582:Christian pacifism
3959:on 19 January 2012
3677:The Morning Record
3215:Bill Hetheringon,
3003:Narkiss, Bezalel,
2963:. Studylight.org.
2931:"British Library,
2659:"Hadrumetum"
2467:Volume 1, p. 148,
1881:and an end to the
1762:
1740:
1689:
1638:
1497:
1392:Palazzo dei Priori
1372:
1332:John Birch Society
1324:Billy James Hargis
1254:anti-war movements
1250:
1035:) " predominated.
887:
861:Peace Pledge Union
804:
714:Early 20th century
700:Early 19th century
663:
545:attitude of prayer
379:
356:
340:
237:
144:
136:An engraving from
49:
5613:
5612:
5551:
5550:
5450:Jammu and Kashmir
5328:Peace enforcement
5295:Anti-war movement
5247:
5246:
5150:Military taxation
5020:War tax resisters
4587:Deterrence theory
4366:Anti-war movement
4014:"Youth for Peace"
3764:George Stanford,
3716:BBC News Magazine
3652:George Stanford,
3631:978-1-4262-0294-0
3499:Hugh Brock Papers
2933:The Holkham Bible
2847:on 19 August 2018
2380:Old Naval College
1871:and in Arabic as
1555:Alyattes of Lydia
1248:(6 August 2014)).
1055:, London, to the
1015:anti-war movement
1007:
1006:
693:Late 18th century
667:Late 15th century
280:absolute monarchy
232:James Thornhill,
206:Scipio Aemilianus
16:(Redirected from
5633:
5570:Index by country
5508:Helsinki Accords
5501:post-WWII Europe
5498:
5497:
5494:Peace mechanisms
5465:Northern Ireland
5445:Israel–Palestine
5389:Capitalist peace
5303:Cost of conflict
5274:
5267:
5260:
5251:
5250:
5074:list of protests
4935:Lesson of Munich
4890:Demilitarisation
4768:Peace journalism
4562:Anti-imperialism
4545:Anarcho-pacifism
4481:Peace psychology
4461:Peace conference
4456:Peace commission
4401:Culture of Peace
4336:
4329:
4322:
4313:
4312:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4230:. Archived from
4223:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4193:
4187:
4178:
4172:
4159:
4153:
4152:
4146:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4128:
4121:
4113:
4107:
4094:
4088:
4087:. OCLC 25246340.
4073:
4067:
4054:
4048:
4045:
4039:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4010:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3949:
3943:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3898:
3892:
3879:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3832:
3826:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3803:
3801:
3793:Arizona Republic
3783:
3777:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3726:
3720:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3671:
3665:
3649:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3619:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3570:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3495:"The CND symbol"
3491:
3485:
3468:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3403:
3397:
3390:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3363:. Archived from
3352:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3332:. Archived from
3326:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3315:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3272:
3263:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3228:
3219:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3083:"Santi, Rainer,
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3049:
3043:
3036:
3030:
3014:
3008:
3001:
2995:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2785:. Halakhah.com.
2779:
2773:
2763:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2691:The Moslem World
2683:
2677:
2676:
2661:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2585:on 25 March 2012
2571:
2565:
2558:
2547:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2488:
2482:
2477:
2471:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2436:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2395:
2389:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2308:
2302:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2243:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2200:
2191:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2162:
2149:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2086:
2080:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1995:"The CND symbol"
1991:
1971:
1968:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1905:
1900:
1899:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1733:
1732:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1594:
1591:
1586:Darius the Great
1575:
1572:
1552:
1549:
1538:
1535:
1509:
1494:
1491:
1461:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1406:
1337:American Opinion
1215:
1206:, United States.
1204:Arcola, Illinois
1199:
1186:A U.S. soldier
1183:
1168:
1143:
1102:
1090:
1053:Trafalgar Square
1034:
1003:
998:
995:
993:
988:
983:
980:
978:
946:
943:
940:
938:
914:
913:
890:Nicholas Roerich
821:
815:
778:
775:
772:
768:
762:
761:
751:peace movement.
720:Mid 20th century
688:
674:
643:
640:
637:
633:
630:
627:
623:
616:King James Bible
606:
605:
599:Wycliffe's Bible
585:
579:
576:
573:
569:
563:
530:
525:
524:
507:
504:
501:
497:
491:
490:
485:
482:
479:
475:
465:
459:
430:
426:
423:
389:, who portrayed
387:early Christians
385:originated with
268:King William III
21:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5632:
5631:
5630:
5616:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5600:
5574:
5547:
5534:Vienna Document
5489:
5455:Kurdish/Turkish
5423:
5377:
5368:War termination
5283:
5278:
5248:
5243:
5230:
5159:
5103:Afghanistan War
5054:Second Boer War
5030:
5024:
4848:
4671:
4525:
4471:Peace education
4354:Peace advocates
4349:
4340:
4253:
4248:
4247:
4237:
4235:
4224:
4220:
4210:
4208:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4180:Eleanor Coerr,
4179:
4175:
4169:Wayback Machine
4160:
4156:
4140:
4139:
4132:
4130:
4126:
4119:
4117:"Archived copy"
4115:
4114:
4110:
4105:Wayback Machine
4095:
4091:
4074:
4070:
4064:Wayback Machine
4055:
4051:
4046:
4042:
4037:
4033:
4023:
4021:
4012:
4011:
4007:
3997:
3995:
3976:
3972:
3962:
3960:
3951:
3950:
3946:
3940:Wayback Machine
3929:
3925:
3915:
3913:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3889:Wayback Machine
3880:
3869:
3859:
3857:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3817:
3813:
3799:
3797:
3784:
3780:
3774:Wayback Machine
3757:
3753:
3743:
3741:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3719:, 20 March 2008
3711:Wayback Machine
3702:
3698:
3688:
3686:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3663:Wayback Machine
3650:
3646:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3610:
3606:
3596:
3594:
3587:
3571:
3567:
3557:
3555:
3544:
3540:
3530:
3528:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3482:Wayback Machine
3469:
3465:
3455:
3453:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3425:
3423:
3416:The Independent
3412:, 17 July 1998"
3410:The Independent
3404:
3400:
3391:
3380:
3370:
3368:
3367:on 1 April 2008
3353:
3349:
3339:
3337:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3313:
3311:
3296:
3292:
3274:
3273:
3266:
3260:Wayback Machine
3251:
3247:
3230:
3229:
3222:
3214:
3210:
3200:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3174:
3172:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3148:
3146:
3141:. Tate.org.uk.
3137:
3136:
3132:
3122:
3120:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3096:
3094:
3089:. Santibox.ch.
3081:
3080:
3076:
3066:
3064:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3033:
3024:Wayback Machine
3015:
3011:
3002:
2998:
2993:Wayback Machine
2984:
2980:
2970:
2968:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2944:
2942:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2914:
2912:
2905:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2876:
2874:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2790:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2749:
2740:
2736:
2726:
2724:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2654:
2650:
2640:
2638:
2631:"David Salmoni"
2629:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2612:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2559:
2550:
2545:Wayback Machine
2528:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2505:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2474:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2387:Wayback Machine
2378:
2374:
2364:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2329:
2309:
2305:
2300:Wayback Machine
2286:Nathaniel Hooke
2284:
2280:
2270:
2268:
2257:
2253:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2227:
2214:Wayback Machine
2201:
2194:
2185:
2181:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2163:
2152:
2143:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2077:The Greek Myths
2075:Rupert Graves,
2074:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2013:
2006:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1891:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1785:
1777:Main articles:
1775:
1751:
1745:
1703:exploding over
1681:
1675:
1654:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1630:
1624:
1592:
1582:Cyrus the Great
1573:
1550:
1536:
1510:
1507:
1492:
1476:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1360:
1354:
1308:Christian cross
1304:
1302:Interpretations
1277:hippie movement
1230:
1223:
1216:
1207:
1200:
1191:
1184:
1175:
1169:
1141:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1082:
1081:
1041:
999:
996:
991:
990:
989:
984:
981:
976:
975:
944:
941:
936:
935:
924:
912:
875:
873:Banner of Peace
869:
845:
839:
831:Ernst Friedrich
813:De Wapens Neder
793:
776:
773:
770:
759:Paix et Liberté
753:Anti-communists
737:Communist Party
725:'s lithograph,
650:
641:
638:
635:
631:
628:
625:
583:oleae ramusculo
577:
574:
571:
505:
502:
499:
483:
480:
477:
452:Roman catacombs
428:
424:
362:The descent of
332:
327:
320:
312:Charles Thomson
292:London Magazine
260:James Thornhill
226:
193:
190:
188:
186:
184:
182:
180:
178:
130:
125:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5639:
5629:
5628:
5611:
5610:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5567:
5561:
5559:
5557:Peace treaties
5553:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5546:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5537:
5531:
5522:
5521:
5520:
5511:
5504:
5502:
5495:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5363:Separate peace
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5343:Peace movement
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5323:Peace congress
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5291:
5289:
5285:
5284:
5277:
5276:
5269:
5262:
5254:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5229:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5216:United Kingdom
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5093:
5083:
5078:
5077:
5076:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5034:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4998:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4839:Women in Black
4836:
4835:
4834:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4777:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4602:Green politics
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4572:Antimilitarism
4569:
4564:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4539:
4533:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4476:Peace movement
4473:
4468:
4466:Peace congress
4463:
4458:
4453:
4451:Peace churches
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4406:ECOPEACE Party
4403:
4398:
4396:Counterculture
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4347:peace movement
4339:
4338:
4331:
4324:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4257:The Peace Flag
4252:
4251:External links
4249:
4246:
4245:
4234:on 4 July 2008
4218:
4188:
4173:
4154:
4108:
4089:
4068:
4049:
4040:
4031:
4005:
3990:(in Italian).
3970:
3944:
3923:
3893:
3867:
3827:
3811:
3806:Newspapers.com
3778:
3751:
3730:"The CND logo"
3721:
3696:
3666:
3644:
3630:
3604:
3585:
3565:
3538:
3508:
3486:
3475:, 5 April 1958
3463:
3433:
3398:
3378:
3347:
3321:
3290:
3264:
3245:
3220:
3208:
3182:
3156:
3139:"Tate Gallery"
3130:
3104:
3074:
3044:
3031:
3009:
2996:
2978:
2952:
2922:
2903:
2884:
2858:
2832:
2800:
2774:
2769:Genesis Rabbah
2758:
2747:
2734:
2704:
2693:. October 1922
2678:
2664:Chisholm, Hugh
2648:
2622:
2596:
2566:
2548:
2533:" Tertullian,
2522:
2503:
2483:
2472:
2457:
2431:
2420:
2390:
2372:
2346:
2327:
2314:A. Anselment,
2303:
2278:
2263:. Livius.org.
2251:
2192:
2179:
2150:
2137:
2111:
2081:
2068:
2038:
2004:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1934:
1920:
1917:Society portal
1906:
1890:
1887:
1859:triconsonantal
1774:
1771:
1747:Main article:
1744:
1741:
1674:
1671:
1626:Main article:
1623:
1620:
1608:Aeolian Greeks
1505:
1475:
1472:
1356:Main article:
1353:
1350:
1315:(the inverted
1303:
1300:
1262:Philip Altbach
1258:Albert Bigelow
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1176:
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1122:Francisco Goya
1114:flag semaphore
1104:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1085:
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1078:Flag semaphore
1076:
1075:
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1073:
1040:
1037:
1005:
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956:Different from
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951:Different from
948:
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933:
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922:
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908:
871:Main article:
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792:
789:
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711:
697:
690:
672:Dieci di Balia
649:
646:
611:(about 1420).
593:, such as the
331:
328:
319:
316:
225:
222:
175:
129:
126:
124:
121:
88:counterculture
84:peace movement
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5638:
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5626:Peace symbols
5624:
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5513:human rights
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5387:
5386:
5384:
5380:
5374:
5371:
5369:
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5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
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5353:Peace symbols
5351:
5349:
5348:Peace process
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5318:Peacebuilding
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5293:
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5290:
5286:
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5275:
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5268:
5263:
5261:
5256:
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5224:
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5221:United States
5219:
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5209:
5207:
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5119:
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5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5081:War on Terror
5079:
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5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
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5044:
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5037:War of 1812 (
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5033:
5027:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4967:Peacebuilding
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
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4908:
4906:
4905:Draft evasion
4903:
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4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4885:De-escalation
4883:
4881:
4878:
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4803:
4800:
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4787:Peace One Day
4785:
4781:
4778:
4776:
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4771:
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4759:
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4613:
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4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
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4592:Direct action
4590:
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4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
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4550:Anarcho-punks
4548:
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4543:
4542:
4540:
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4532:
4528:
4522:
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4280:
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4106:
4102:
4099:
4093:
4086:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4057:Perseus 1:2.7
4053:
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4035:
4019:
4015:
4009:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3983:
3974:
3958:
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3932:Perugia Today
3927:
3911:
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3897:
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3361:Time Magazine
3358:
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2203:James Elmes,
2199:
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2096:. Theoi.com.
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2018:
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1951:Earth anthems
1949:
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1773:Shalom/salaam
1770:
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1737:
1736:Sadako Sasaki
1727:
1722:
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1598:The union of
1596:
1593: 500 BC
1587:
1583:
1579:
1574: 700 BC
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1551: 600 BC
1546:
1542:
1537: 800 BC
1532:
1528:
1525:enthroned in
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1493: 550 BC
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1292:South African
1290:In 1973, the
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1239:
1234:
1221:
1214:
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1205:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1177:
1174:badge (1960s)
1173:
1167:
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1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1128:
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1101:
1089:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1045:Gerald Holtom
1036:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1002:
987:
986:DOVE OF PEACE
974:
970:
965:
961:
960:Mercedes-Benz
958:
954:
949:
934:
932:
927:
920:
915:
906:
903:
896:
893:
891:
884:
879:
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862:
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853:white poppies
850:
844:
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832:
827:
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820:
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802:
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782:
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691:
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673:
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419:
415:
411:
407:
406:Spirit of God
403:
402:New Testament
398:
396:
392:
388:
384:
381:The use of a
376:
375:stained glass
372:
369:
365:
360:
353:
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336:
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315:
313:
309:
304:
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299:adopted the "
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210:Numantine War
207:
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192:
173:
171:
170:
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161:
156:
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150:
141:
140:
134:
120:
118:
114:
113:V hand signal
109:
107:
106:
101:
97:
93:
92:superposition
89:
85:
81:
77:
76:Gerald Holtom
73:
72:Pablo Picasso
69:
67:
62:
58:
54:
53:peace symbols
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5435:Arab–Israeli
5352:
5333:Peacekeeping
5064:World War II
4920:Flower power
4811:
4772:
4612:Isolationism
4486:Peace treaty
4236:. Retrieved
4232:the original
4221:
4211:14 September
4209:. Retrieved
4200:
4191:
4181:
4176:
4157:
4131:. Retrieved
4111:
4092:
4076:
4071:
4052:
4043:
4034:
4022:. Retrieved
4008:
3996:. Retrieved
3987:
3981:
3973:
3961:. Retrieved
3957:the original
3947:
3942:(In Italian)
3931:
3926:
3914:. Retrieved
3903:
3896:
3860:22 September
3858:. Retrieved
3839:
3830:
3821:Wochenspruch
3820:
3814:
3804:– via
3798:. Retrieved
3796:. p. 41
3791:
3781:
3765:
3759:
3754:
3742:. Retrieved
3724:
3714:
3699:
3687:. Retrieved
3676:
3669:
3653:
3647:
3635:. Retrieved
3615:
3607:
3595:. Retrieved
3575:
3568:
3556:. Retrieved
3550:. BBC News.
3541:
3529:. Retrieved
3520:
3511:
3498:
3489:
3472:
3466:
3454:. Retrieved
3445:
3436:
3424:. Retrieved
3415:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3369:. Retrieved
3365:the original
3360:
3350:
3338:. Retrieved
3334:the original
3324:
3312:. Retrieved
3304:The Guardian
3303:
3293:
3284:the original
3279:
3248:
3235:
3216:
3211:
3199:. Retrieved
3185:
3173:. Retrieved
3159:
3147:. Retrieved
3133:
3121:. Retrieved
3107:
3095:. Retrieved
3084:
3077:
3065:. Retrieved
3054:
3047:
3039:
3034:
3026:
3012:
3004:
2999:
2981:
2969:. Retrieved
2955:
2943:. Retrieved
2932:
2925:
2913:. Retrieved
2893:
2887:
2877:20 September
2875:. Retrieved
2861:
2849:. Retrieved
2845:the original
2835:
2823:. Retrieved
2809:"Eruvin 18b"
2803:
2791:. Retrieved
2777:
2765:
2761:
2750:
2742:
2737:
2725:. Retrieved
2714:
2707:
2695:. Retrieved
2690:
2681:
2673:
2667:
2651:
2639:. Retrieved
2625:
2613:. Retrieved
2607:. Usask.ca.
2599:
2587:. Retrieved
2583:the original
2576:
2569:
2561:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2513:. Retrieved
2493:
2486:
2475:
2469:Philip Esler
2464:
2460:
2448:. Retrieved
2434:
2423:
2411:. Retrieved
2400:
2393:
2375:
2363:. Retrieved
2349:
2337:. Retrieved
2317:
2313:
2306:
2290:
2281:
2269:. Retrieved
2254:
2230:30 September
2228:. Retrieved
2204:
2187:
2182:
2170:. Retrieved
2168:. Great Seal
2166:"Great Seal"
2145:
2140:
2128:. Retrieved
2114:
2102:. Retrieved
2091:
2084:
2076:
2071:
2059:. Retrieved
2050:
2041:
2031:30 September
2029:. Retrieved
2020:
1966:
1945:Green ribbon
1931:World portal
1903:Peace portal
1872:
1866:
1862:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1814:
1796:
1786:
1763:
1708:
1690:
1673:Paper cranes
1663:hand gesture
1655:VICTORY HAND
1639:
1597:
1545:Hermodike II
1512:
1502:
1498:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1396:
1394:in Perugia.
1373:
1352:Rainbow flag
1345:
1335:
1321:
1305:
1289:
1285:
1274:
1251:
1242:peace cranes
1240:handing out
1146:
1138:
1133:
1125:
1124:'s painting
1117:
1111:
1069:Peace Museum
1042:
1008:
1001:VICTORY HAND
945:PEACE SYMBOL
923:Peace symbol
910:Peace symbol
898:
894:
888:
883:Roerich Pact
846:
828:
805:
791:Broken rifle
744:
726:
719:
713:
699:
692:
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657:
639:olive branch
634:rather than
613:
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575:olive branch
567:ramum olivae
549:
538:
518:
449:
433:
399:
380:
330:Christianity
305:
290:
288:
263:
249:
238:
233:
195:
176:
167:
157:
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137:
123:Olive branch
110:
103:
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61:olive branch
52:
51:A number of
50:
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18:Broken rifle
5586:Peaceworker
5519:(1989/1991)
5460:Middle East
5373:World peace
5338:Peacemaking
5211:Switzerland
5196:Netherlands
5069:Vietnam War
5059:World War I
4930:Human Be-In
4667:World peace
4632:Nonviolence
4597:Finvenkismo
4577:Appeasement
4491:Peaceworker
4238:30 December
4024:21 February
3998:21 February
3963:21 February
3916:21 February
3904:rassegna.it
3426:21 February
3340:21 February
3314:20 February
3201:21 February
3175:21 February
3149:21 February
3123:21 February
3097:21 February
3067:21 February
2971:21 February
2945:21 February
2915:21 February
2851:21 February
2825:21 February
2793:21 February
2727:21 February
2697:21 February
2641:21 February
2615:21 February
2589:21 February
2538:, Chapter 8
2515:21 February
2480:1Pt 3:20–21
2450:21 February
2413:21 February
2365:21 February
2339:21 February
2271:21 February
2218:Thomas Tegg
2172:21 February
2130:21 February
2104:21 February
1701:atomic bomb
1667:Vietnam War
1531:Hermodike I
1508:Isaiah 11:6
1452:war in Iraq
1065:Eric Austen
1061:Aldermaston
1027:Smiling Sun
1019:world peace
837:White poppy
681:Machiavelli
556:Latin Bible
539:Before the
460:(Latin for
410:his baptism
364:Holy Spirit
5298:(category)
5176:Costa Rica
4962:Peace walk
4774:Peace News
4652:Satyagraha
4637:Pacificism
4627:Nonkilling
4541:Anarchism
4530:Ideologies
4446:Peace camp
4262:Peace Sign
4133:15 October
4085:0140512357
2536:On Baptism
2023:. Yahoo!.
1978:References
1565:(from the
1368:peace flag
1358:Peace flag
1342:Nazi party
1328:antichrist
1313:death rune
1238:Wellington
1188:in Vietnam
728:La Colombe
677:Florentine
659:La Colombe
629:olive leaf
621:aleh zayit
561:alay zayit
552:St. Jerome
528:alay zayit
476:, meaning
429: 220
427: – c.
425: 160
418:Tertullian
395:sepulchres
272:Queen Mary
117:peace flag
68:lithograph
5524:military
5164:Countries
5145:Landmines
5133:in Russia
5091:Criticism
4900:Desertion
4386:Code Pink
4016:. GPACE.
3891:(Italian)
3850:0040-781X
3760:Star-News
3637:28 August
3446:vintag.es
1819:(Arabic:
1801:(Hebrew:
1726:Senbazuru
1705:Hiroshima
1523:Agamemnon
1296:apartheid
982:🕊
741:Sheffield
589:Medieval
368:Christian
284:Louis XIV
256:Greenwich
245:Britannia
241:Charles I
214:Hasdrubal
96:semaphore
5620:Category
5607:Category
5565:Category
5382:Theories
5308:Pacifism
5288:Concepts
5239:Category
5096:Protests
5086:Iraq War
4989:Teach-in
4642:Pacifism
4343:Anti-war
4205:Archived
4165:Archived
4143:cite web
4124:Archived
4101:Archived
4060:Archived
4018:Archived
3992:Archived
3936:Archived
3910:Archived
3885:Archived
3854:Archived
3800:21 March
3770:Archived
3738:Archived
3707:Archived
3689:18 March
3683:Archived
3659:Archived
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3558:20 March
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3503:Archived
3478:Archived
3456:20 March
3450:Archived
3420:Archived
3308:Archived
3256:Archived
3240:Archived
3195:Archived
3169:Archived
3143:Archived
3117:Archived
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3061:Archived
3020:Archived
2989:Archived
2965:Archived
2939:Archived
2909:Archived
2897:. 1883.
2871:Archived
2816:Archived
2787:Archived
2755:Gen 8:11
2721:Archived
2635:Archived
2609:Archived
2541:Archived
2509:Archived
2444:Archived
2407:Archived
2383:Archived
2359:Archived
2333:Archived
2296:Archived
2265:Archived
2240:cite web
2210:Archived
2207:, London
2146:Georgics
2144:Virgil,
2124:Archived
2098:Archived
2055:Archived
2025:Archived
1999:Archived
1889:See also
1852:cognates
1850:and are
1789:wordmark
1652:✌
1578:Persians
1515:croeseid
1506:—
1485:coin of
1483:Croeseid
1130: :
997:✌
972:See also
942:☮
929:In
609:Haggadah
533:Rabbinic
514:Carthage
463:in peace
218:Carthage
115:and the
5475:Ukraine
5181:Germany
4812:Symbols
4758:Museums
3744:3 April
3624:Books.
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3371:2 April
3167:. BBC.
2841:"Rashi"
2666:(ed.).
2428:Mt 3:16
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1856:Semitic
1825:
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1659:Unicode
1616:coinage
1600:Phrygia
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5542:(1992)
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5530:(1990)
5510:(1975)
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4860:Bed-in
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4537:Ahimsa
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4807:Songs
4792:Plays
4708:Films
4688:Books
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4506:Unity
4127:(PDF)
4120:(PDF)
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4149:link
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3862:2024
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3802:2024
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