127:, 486 F.Supp.2d 309 (S.D.N.Y., 2007) ruled on May 7, 2007 that in regard to Marilyn Monroe, because she died before California's Celebrity Rights Act was passed in 1985, and the state of New York does not recognize a right of publicity after the artist's death, her name, image, and voice are now in the public domain in the states of California and New York. By implication, they would also be in the public domain in any state that, at the time of Monroe's death in 1962, did not recognize a right of publicity that survived the artist's death. In response to that court ruling, California passed legislation that created
98:"a play, book, magazine, newspaper, musical composition, audiovisual work, radio or television program, single and original work of art, work of political or newsworthy value, or an advertisement or commercial announcement for any of these works, shall not be considered a product, article of merchandise, good, or service if it is fictional or nonfictional entertainment, or a dramatic, literary, or musical work."
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U.S. District Court for the
Central District of California issued a summary judgment in favor of the Franklin Mint. Franklin Mint countersued Diana's estate's lawyers for "malicious prosecution of trademark"—in January 2011 the law firm settled with a $ 25 million payment to the former owners of the Franklin Mint.
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for selling products bearing her likeness. The lawsuit filed May 18, 1998 in U.S. District Court in Los
Angeles said the Franklin Mint "failed to obtain consent to use Princess Diana's identity and trademark ... and embarked on a campaign to profit from Princess Diana's death." On June 27, 2000, the
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such prior consent may only be given by persons to whom the personality had transferred such power by contract or trust prior to his death, or by trust or will after his death, or, where no such latter provision was made, his spouse, children, and/or grandchildren,
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any person using such personality's "name, voice, signature, photograph or likeness on or in products, merchandise or goods" without prior consent was liable to be sued for damages and profits arising from the unauthorized use,
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In 1999, the period of protection was extended from fifty years after a person's death to seventy years. Similar laws have been enacted by 12 other states in the United States.
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that personality had been "any natural person whose name, voice, signature, photograph, or likeness has commercial value at the time of his or her death",
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rights of publicity that last 70 years after death, retroactively for any person deceased after
January 1, 1938. A similar law has failed in the
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Peter L. Felcher, and Edward L. Rubin; "The
Descendibility of the Right of Publicity: Is There Commercial Life after Death?"
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would have. The court ruled that any rights of publicity, and rights to his image, terminated with Lugosi's death.
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322:"Too famous to trademark: Diana case proves point -- The National Law Journal, Oct. 16 2000, Section C"
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California Civil Code - Section 3344 - 3344.1 (Astaire
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272:"California's amended right of publicity statute (California Civil Code § 3344.1)"
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152:"Friedemann O'Brien Goldberg & Zarian Names Bela G. Lugosi Of Counsel"
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Who owns
Einstein? The battle for the world’s most famous face
353:"Manatt Settles Malicious Prosecution Suit for $ 25 Million"
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rights to the estate of a "deceased personality", where:
53:'s personality rights could not pass to his heirs, as a
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is for the publicity rights of living persons, while
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405:, Vol. 89, No. 6 (May, 1980), pp. 1125–1132
124:Shaw Family Archives Ltd. v. CMG Worldwide, Inc.
382:"California Adopts New Right of Publicity Law"
39:to survive their death. Previously, the 1979
426:California Successor-in-Interest Register
461:United States intellectual property law
431:NPR: Personality Rights for Dead Actors
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299:. Studio International. 2003-05-30.
261:California Civil Code § 3344.1(a)(2)
243:California Civil Code § 3344.1(a)(1)
384:. December 14, 2007. Archived from
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68:Civil Code section 3344.1
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47:California Supreme Court
177:"Who Can Inherit Fame?"
357:amlawdaily.typepad.com
21:Celebrities Rights Act
297:"Letter from Memphis"
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62:California Civil Code
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133:New York Legislature
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