Reformed Christianity

2247: 1289: 2003: 3165: 1568: 14598: 2425:, and in it all the benefits of Christ are offered to the baptized. On the Lord's supper, the Westminster Confession takes a position between Lutheran sacramental union and Zwinglian memorialism: "the Lord's supper really and indeed, yet not carnally and corporally, but spiritually, receive and feed upon Christ crucified, and all benefits of his death: the body and blood of Christ being then not corporally or carnally in, with, or under the bread and wine; yet, as really, but spiritually, present to the faith of believers in that ordinance as the elements themselves are to their outward senses." 1673: 2127: 1741: 3123: 3111: 2331: 2888: 262: 47: 14286: 9274: 2095:, have argued that the traditional Reformed concept of predestination is speculative and have proposed alternative models. These theologians claim that a properly trinitarian doctrine emphasizes God's freedom to love all people, rather than choosing some for salvation and others for damnation. God's justice towards and condemnation of sinful people is spoken of by these theologians as out of his love for them and a desire to reconcile them to himself. 3572: 3544: 865: 14296: 2783: 14875: 9263: 3558: 1038: 1868:, they hold that Christ is bodily present in many locations simultaneously. For Reformed Christians, such a belief denies that Christ actually became human. Some contemporary Reformed theologians have moved away from the traditional language of one person in two natures, viewing it as unintelligible to contemporary people. Instead, theologians tend to emphasize Jesus's context and particularity as a first-century Jew. 3149: 2489:

grounds of condemnation in the reprobate and the need for salvation in the elect). In contrast, infralapsarians hold that God planned the race to fall logically prior to the decision to save or damn any individuals because, it is argued, in order to be "saved", one must first need to be saved from something and therefore the decree of the Fall must precede predestination to salvation or damnation.

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contradistinction to other Reformed Christians. The Baptist Confession describes the Lord's supper as "the body and blood of Christ being then not corporally or carnally, but spiritually present to the faith of believers in that ordinance", similarly to the Westminster Confession. There is significant latitude in Baptist congregations regarding the Lord's supper, and many hold the Zwinglian view.

1895:. Many, but not all, Reformed theologians continue to make use of the threefold office as a framework because of its emphasis on the connection of Christ's work to Israel. They have, however, often reinterpreted the meaning of each of the offices. For example, Karl Barth interpreted Christ's prophetic office in terms of political engagement on behalf of the poor. 1714:

Instead, Barth argued that God always interacts with people under the covenant of grace, and that the covenant of grace is free of all conditions whatsoever. Barth's theology and that which follows him has been called "mono covenantal" as opposed to the "bi-covenantal" scheme of classical federal theology. Conservative contemporary Reformed theologians, such as

2485:, "fall"). The former view, sometimes called "high Calvinism", argues that the Fall occurred partly to facilitate God's purpose to choose some individuals for salvation and some for damnation. Infralapsarianism, sometimes called "low Calvinism", is the position that, while the Fall was indeed planned, it was not planned with reference to who would be saved. 2216:; however, there is no historical relationship between them, and some scholars argue that their language distorts the meaning of the Canons, Calvin's theology, and the theology of 17th-century Calvinistic orthodoxy, particularly in the language of total depravity and limited atonement. The five points were more recently popularized in the 1963 booklet 1658:. Those who take this view believe the Bible to be the primary source of our knowledge of God, but also that some parts of the Bible may be false, not witnesses to Christ, and not normative for the church. In this view, Christ is the revelation of God, and the scriptures witness to this revelation rather than being the revelation itself. 1580:

nature, have been clearly seen, being understood through what has been made, so that they are without excuse" (Romans 1:20).) Speculation about anything which God has not revealed through his Word is not warranted. The knowledge people have of God is different from that which they have of anything else because God is

1960:) from Adam whereby every infant is born eternally damned and humans lack any residual ability to respond to God. Reformed theologians emphasize that this sinfulness affects all of a person's nature, including their will. This view, that sin so dominates people that they are unable to avoid sin, has been called 2412:

limits the sacraments to baptism and the Lord's Supper. Sacraments are denoted "signs and seals of the covenant of grace." Westminster speaks of "a sacramental relation, or a sacramental union, between the sign and the thing signified; whence it comes to pass that the names and effects of the one are

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accomplished by believers as they are sanctified are considered to be the necessary outworking of the believer's salvation, though they do not cause the believer to be saved. Sanctification, like justification, is by faith, because doing good works is simply living as the child of God one has become.

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These two views vied with each other at the Synod of Dort, an international body representing Calvinist Christian churches from around Europe, and the judgments that came out of that council sided with infralapsarianism (Canons of Dort, First Point of Doctrine, Article 7). The Westminster Confession

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and the worship of other Reformed churches for some time. The original Lord's Day service designed by John Calvin was a highly liturgical service with the Creed, Alms, Confession and Absolution, the Lord's supper, Doxologies, prayers, Psalms being sung, the Lords prayer being sung, and Benedictions.

1972:

every human being is not the result of sins people commit during their lives. Instead, before we are born, while we are in our mother's womb, "we are in God's sight defiled and polluted." Calvin thought people were justly condemned to hell because their corrupted state is "naturally hateful to God."

1813:

used the image of partnership for the persons of the Trinity. According to Russell, thinking this way encourages Christians to interact in terms of fellowship rather than reciprocity. Conservative Reformed theologian Michael Horton, however, has argued that social trinitarianism is untenable because

1503:

on Religious and Public Life estimated that members of Presbyterian or Reformed churches make up 7% of the estimated 801 million Protestants globally, or approximately 56 million people. Though the broadly defined Reformed faith is much larger, as it constitutes Congregationalist (0.5%), most of the

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maintained that although they were changing their stance on apartheid, they believed that within apartheid and under God's sovereign guidance, "...everything was not without significance, but was of service to the Kingdom of God." These views were not universal and were condemned by many Calvinists

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Though Anglicanism today is often described as a separate branch from the Reformed, historic Anglicanism is a part of the wider Reformed tradition. The foundational documents of the Anglican church "express a theology in keeping with the Reformed theology of the Swiss and South German Reformation."

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on how the Bible orders public worship. The substance of the doctrine regarding worship is that God institutes in the Scriptures everything he requires for worship in the Church and that everything else is prohibited. As the regulative principle is reflected in Calvin's own thought, it is driven by

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A second covenant, called the covenant of grace, is said to have been made immediately following Adam and Eve's sin. In it, God graciously offers salvation from death on condition of faith in God. This covenant is administered in different ways throughout the Old and New Testaments, but retains the

1686:

Reformed theologians use the concept of covenant to describe the way God enters into fellowship with people in history. The concept of covenant is so prominent in Reformed theology that Reformed theology as a whole is sometimes called "covenant theology". However, sixteenth- and seventeenth-century

1975:

In colloquial English, the term "total depravity" can be easily misunderstood to mean that people are absent of any goodness or unable to do any good. However the Reformed teaching is actually that while people continue to bear God's image and may do things that appear outwardly good, their sinful

1971:

Calvin thought original sin was "a hereditary corruption and depravity of our nature, extending to all the parts of the soul." Calvin asserted people were so warped by original sin that "everything which our mind conceives, meditates, plans, and resolves, is always evil." The depraved condition of

1713:

Through the influence of Karl Barth, many contemporary Reformed theologians have discarded the covenant of works, along with other concepts of federal theology. Barth saw the covenant of works as disconnected from Christ and the gospel, and rejected the idea that God works with people in this way.

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There existed also a genuine, though not slavish, theological affinity between the Anglican and continental theologies, especially the Reformed (Calvinist). A moderate Calvinist view of the 'doctrines of grace' (the interlocking sequence of predestination, election, justification, sanctification,

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position on Justification. Both sets of Articles affirm that the Church of England accepts the doctrine of predestination and election as a 'comfort to the faithful' but warn against over much speculation concerning that doctrine. Indeed a casual reading of the Wurttemburg Confession of 1551, the

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does not use the term sacrament, but describes baptism and the Lord's supper as ordinances, as do most Baptists, Calvinist or otherwise. Baptism is only for those who "actually profess repentance towards God", and not for the children of believers. Baptists also insist on immersion or dipping, in

1979:

Some contemporary theologians in the Reformed tradition, such as those associated with the Presbyterian Church (USA)'s Confession of 1967, have emphasized the social character of human sinfulness. These theologians have sought to bring attention to issues of environmental, economic, and political

1182:

with Christ actually present, though spiritually rather than bodily as in Catholic doctrine. The document demonstrates the diversity as well as unity in early Reformed theology, giving it a stability that enabled it to spread rapidly throughout Europe. This stands in marked contrast to the bitter

5957:

Iustitia Dei: A History of the Christian Doctrine of Justification. p. 269. Alister E. McGrath – 2005 "The importance of this threefold scheme derives from its adoption by Moses Amyraut as the basis of his distinctive theology. Amyraut's 'hypothetical universalism' and his doctrine of the triple

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Reformed theologians believe that God communicates knowledge of himself to people through the Word of God. People are not able to know anything about God except through this self-revelation. (With the exception of general revelation of God; "His invisible attributes, His eternal power and divine

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Supralapsarianism is based on the belief that God chose which individuals to save logically prior to the decision to allow the race to fall and that the Fall serves as the means of realization of that prior decision to send some individuals to hell and others to heaven (that is, it provides the

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Since the 19th century, however, some of the Reformed churches have modified their understanding of the regulative principle and make use of musical instruments, believing that Calvin and his early followers went beyond the biblical requirements and that such things are circumstances of worship

1596:, which is God's creating and continuing to work in the world. This action of God gives everyone knowledge about God, but this knowledge is only sufficient to make people culpable for their sin; it does not include knowledge of the gospel. The second channel through which God reveals himself is 1008:, unlike most Reformed churches, and thus was sometimes called "but halfly Reformed." Beginning in the seventeenth century, Anglicanism broadened to the extent that Reformed theology is no longer dominant in Anglicanism. Anglicanism is generally classified as a discrete tradition from Reformed. 3190:

Calvin's concepts of God and man led to ideas which were gradually put into practice after his death, in particular in the fields of politics and society. After their fight for independence from Spain (1579), the Netherlands, under Calvinist leadership, granted asylum to religious minorities,

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Calvin expressed himself on usury in a 1545 letter to a friend, Claude de Sachin, in which he criticized the use of certain passages of scripture invoked by people opposed to the charging of interest. He reinterpreted some of these passages, and suggested that others of them had been rendered

2066:

Reformed theologians teach that sin so affects human nature that they are unable even to exercise faith in Christ by their own will. While people are said to retain free will, in that they willfully sin, they are unable not to sin because of the corruption of their nature due to original sin.

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Cranmer's personal journey of faith left its mark on the Church of England in the form of a Liturgy that remains to this day more closely allied to Lutheran practice, but that liturgy is couple to a doctrinal stance that is broadly, but decidedly Reformed. ... The 42 Articles of 1552 and the

1706:, they became subject to death and were banished from the garden. This sin was passed down to all mankind because all people are said to be in Adam as a covenantal or "federal" head. Federal theologians usually imply that Adam and Eve would have gained immortality had they obeyed perfectly. 4120:

If one looks at the two main confessional documents of the English Reformation, the (39) Articles of Religion, and the Book of Common Prayer, a series of propositions emerge that definitely put the Church of England into that strand of the Augustinian Theological tradition which we call

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of Faith also teaches (in Hodge's words "clearly impl") the infralapsarian view, but is sensitive to those holding to supralapsarianism. The Lapsarian controversy has a few vocal proponents on each side today, but overall it does not receive much attention among modern Calvinists.

3299:). He appreciated the advantages of democracy. His political thought aimed to safeguard the rights and freedoms of ordinary men and women. In order to minimize the misuse of political power he suggested dividing it among several institutions in a system of checks and balances ( 1623:, which is composed of texts set apart by God for self-revelation. Reformed theologians emphasize the Bible as a uniquely important means by which God communicates with people. People gain knowledge of God from the Bible which cannot be gained in any other way. 2282:. The invisible church is the body of all believers, known only to God. The visible church is the institutional body which contains both members of the invisible church as well as those who appear to have faith in Christ, but are not truly part of God's elect. 3062:) that it is wrong to charge interest for money because money itself is barren. He said that the walls and the roof of a house are barren, too, but it is permissible to charge someone for allowing him to use them. In the same way, money can be made fruitful. 914:, influential reformer of Geneva. The term was first used by opposing Lutherans in the 1550s. Calvin did not approve of the use of this term, and scholars have argued that use of the term is misleading, inaccurate, unhelpful, and "inherently distortive." 5971:

p. 436. 2006 "The appointment of John Cameron, a peripatetic Scottish scholar, to be a professor in the Academy in 1618 introduced a stimulating teacher to the scene, and when in 1626 his pupil, Moses Amyraut (Amyraldus), was called to be a minister

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Partly because of clustered patterns of settlement and intense ethnic and linguistic identities, Reformed German and Dutch congregations resisted the lure of assimilation, although many Dutch Reformed Christians in the Hudson Valley joined Anglican

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in South Africa. As late as 1974 the majority of the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa was convinced that their theological stances (including the story of the Tower of Babel) could justify apartheid. In 1990 the Dutch Reformed Church document

3524:(1701), and about a dozen other colleges. A particular stream of influence of Calvinism concerns art. Visual art cemented society in the first modern nation state, the Netherlands, and also Neo-Calvinism put much weight on this aspect of life. 2032:

is the part of salvation where God pardons the sin of those who believe in Christ. It is historically held by Protestants to be the most important article of Christian faith, though more recently it is sometimes given less importance out of

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According to Reformed theologians, God's self-revelation is always through his son Jesus Christ, because Christ is the only mediator between God and people. Revelation of God through Christ comes through two basic channels. The first is

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has identified a number of different types of Dutch Calvinism: The Seceders—split into the Reformed Church "West" and the Confessionalists; and the Neo-Calvinists—the Positives and the Antithetical Calvinists. The Seceders were largely

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While Calvin did not live to see the foundation of his work grow into an international movement, his death allowed his ideas to spread far beyond their city of origin and their borders and to establish their own distinct character.

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The Five Points may be more easily remembered if they are associated with the word T-U-L-I-P; T, Total Inability; U, Unconditional Election; L, Limited Atonement; I, Irresistible (Efficacious) Grace; and P, Perseverance of the

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United and uniting churches (unions of different denominations) (7.2%) and most likely some of the other Protestant denominations (38.2%). All three are distinct categories from Presbyterian or Reformed (7%) in this report.

2086:

Karl Barth reinterpreted the Reformed doctrine of predestination to apply only to Christ. Individual people are only said to be elected through their being in Christ. Reformed theologians who followed Barth, including

1764:

have proposed that rather than conceiving of God in terms of his attributes and freedom to do as he pleases, the doctrine of God is to be based on God's work in history and his freedom to live with and empower people.

1304:, his publications spread his ideas of a correctly Reformed church to many parts of Europe. In Switzerland, some cantons are still Reformed, and some are Catholic. Calvinism became the dominant doctrine within the 14597: 2927:

No single piece of our mental world is to be sealed off from the rest and there is not a square inch in the whole domain of human existence over which Christ, who is sovereign over all, does not cry: 'Mine!'

1691:" or "federal theology" which many conservative Reformed churches continue to affirm. This framework orders God's life with people primarily in two covenants: the covenant of works and the covenant of grace. 1808:

and Brief Statement of Faith of the Presbyterian Church (USA) have avoided language about the attributes of God and have emphasized his work of reconciliation and empowerment of people. Feminist theologian

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New Calvinism is a growing perspective within conservative Evangelicalism that embraces the fundamentals of 16th century Calvinism while also trying to be relevant in the present day world. In March 2009,

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The Reformed family of churches is one of the largest Christian denominations. According to adherents.com the Reformed/Presbyterian/Congregational/United churches represent 75 million believers worldwide.

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He qualified his view, however, by saying that money should be lent to people in dire need without hope of interest, while a modest interest rate of 5% should be permitted in relation to other borrowers.

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as the community with which God has made the covenant of grace, a promise of eternal life and relationship with God. This covenant extends to those under the "old covenant" whom God chose, beginning with

1955:

Although earlier Christian authors taught the elements of physical death, moral weakness, and a sin propensity within original sin, Augustine was the first Christian to add the concept of inherited guilt

3417:(1623–1683), and other thinkers. The Whigs' "perceptions of politics attracted widespread support in America because they revived the traditional concerns of a Protestantism that had always verged on 1891:

on believers' behalf and offered himself as a sacrifice for sin, and a king in that he rules the church and fights on believers' behalf. The threefold office links the work of Christ to God's work in

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Throughout the world, the Reformed churches operate hospitals, homes for handicapped or elderly people, and educational institutions on all levels. For example, American Congregationalists founded

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that did not extend to Catholics (Congregationalism being the established, tax-supported religion in Connecticut). These colonies became safe havens for persecuted religious minorities, including

14912: 7665: 3819: 1860:. In accord with the belief that finite humans cannot comprehend infinite divinity, Reformed theologians hold that Christ's human body cannot be in multiple locations at the same time. Because 1914:, which explains Christ's death as a sacrificial payment for sin. Christ is believed to have died in place of the believer, who is accounted righteous as a result of this sacrificial payment. 1702:. The terms of the covenant are that God provides a blessed life in the garden on condition that Adam and Eve obey God's law perfectly. Because Adam and Eve broke the covenant by eating the 2801:

Amyraldism (or sometimes Amyraldianism, also known as the School of Saumur, hypothetical universalism, post redemptionism, moderate Calvinism, or four-point Calvinism) is the belief that

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The World Alliance of Reformed Churches (WARC) and the Reformed Ecumenical Council (REC) have merged to form a new body representing more than 80 million Reformed Christians worldwide.

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whose members were also elected by the congregations. The other Reformed churches took over this system of church self-government, which was essentially a representative democracy.

3102:

Expert researchers and authors have referred to the United States as a "Protestant nation" or "founded on Protestant principles," specifically emphasizing its Calvinist heritage.

1264:, which became the confessional standard for Presbyterians in the English-speaking world. Having established itself in Europe, the movement continued to spread to areas including 2828:, this doctrine is still viewed as a variety of Calvinism in that it maintains the particularity of sovereign grace in the application of the atonement. However, detractors like 3303:). Finally, Calvin taught that if worldly rulers rise up against God they should be put down. In this way, he and his followers stood in the vanguard of resistance to political 5545: 2022:

in Christ. Faith is not purely intellectual, but involves trust in God's promise to save. Protestants do not hold there to be any other requirement for salvation, but that

14905: 5742: 1964:. As a consequence, every one of their descendants inherited a stain of corruption and depravity. This condition, innate to all humans, is known in Christian theology as 5532: 3585: 6378: 6135: 1584:, and finite people are incapable of comprehending an infinite being. While the knowledge revealed by God to people is never incorrect, it is also never comprehensive. 8474: 2854:

and believe" is directed to every single person and that it is the duty of every person to trust in Christ for salvation. The term also occasionally appears in both

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requiring biblically rooted wisdom, rather than an explicit command. Despite the protestations of those who hold to a strict view of the regulative principle, today

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Reformed theologians affirm that the Bible is true, but differences emerge among them over the meaning and extent of its truthfulness. Conservative followers of the

1019:, should be considered part of Reformed Christianity, though this would not have been the view of early modern Reformed theologians. Others disagree, asserting that 6063: 2301:, or exercise of censure against unrepentant sinners. These marks allowed the Reformed to identify the church based on its conformity to the Bible rather than the 14898: 3227:, a Reformed Frenchman, also felt safer in the Netherlands than in his home country. He was the first prominent philosopher who demanded tolerance for atheists. 820: 3437:

and the constitutions of numerous countries around the world, e.g. Latin America, Japan, India, Germany, and other European countries. It is also echoed in the

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magazine described the New Calvinism as one of the "10 ideas changing the world". Some of the major figures who have been associated with the New Calvinism are

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In another factor in the rise of democracy in the Anglo-American world, Calvin favored a mixture of democracy and aristocracy as the best form of government (

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of their sin or prepare themselves to repent because of their sinfulness. Therefore, justification is held to arise solely from God's free and gracious act.

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of 1563, both commit the Church of England to the fundamentals of the Reformed Faith. Both sets of Articles affirm the centrality of Scripture, and take a

1519:, has 80 million believers. WCRC is the third largest Christian communion in the world, after the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Churches. 5616: 217:, a framework for understanding the Bible based on God's covenants with people. Reformed churches have emphasized simplicity in worship. Several forms of 5564: 3434: 1572: 7675: 3809: 2582:, which were adopted in Zurich and Heidelberg, respectively. In the United States, immigrants belonging to the continental Reformed churches joined the 1607:

In Reformed theology, the Word of God takes several forms. Jesus Christ himself is the Word Incarnate. The prophecies about him said to be found in the

10706: 3532:. In her non-fiction she powerfully demonstrates the modernity of Calvin's thinking, calling him a humanist scholar (p. 174, The Death of Adam). 14318: 10797: 3607: 3235:

in the Netherlands. Moreover, the Calvinist Dutch authorities allowed the printing of books that could not be published elsewhere, such as Galileo's

3071: 2963: 2685: 2289:. For some, the only mark is the pure preaching of the gospel of Christ. Others, including John Calvin, also include the right administration of the 7326: 5551: 5293: 15094: 13239: 4089: 2677: 1619:

of ministers about God is the very Word of God because God is considered to be speaking through them. God also speaks through human writers in the

1073:(1489–1565). While from diverse academic backgrounds, their work already contained key themes within Reformed theology, especially the priority of 842: 14969: 13088: 4018:

The Magisterial reformation denotes the Lutheran, Calvinist, and Anglican churches; this is sometimes labeled the mainstream of the Reformation.

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is spiritually present but not corporally (physically) present. A separate Reformed tradition developed over several generations, especially in

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Second Helvetic Confession, the Scots Confession of 1560, and the XXXIX Articles of Religion reveal them to be cut from the same bolt of cloth.

2681: 1804:" where the persons of the Trinity only exist in their life together as persons-in-relationship. Contemporary Reformed confessions such as the 1233:

after her conversion in 1560. Leading divines, either Calvinist or those sympathetic to Calvinism, settled in England, including Martin Bucer,

2220:

by David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas. The origins of the five points and the acrostic are uncertain, but they appear to be outlined in the

8977: 8100: 6815:, ed. (1989). "The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: Anglicanism Erastian or Apostolic? An Anglican Consensus: Calvinist Episcopalians". 2903:

Beginning in the 1880s, Neo-Calvinism, a form of Dutch Calvinism, is the movement initiated by the theologian and later Dutch prime minister

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which has about 70 member denominations. Most are not part of the World Communion of Reformed Churches because of its ecumenical attire. The

837: 15567: 14097: 11445: 3319:(1628) were convinced that the democratic form of government was the will of God. Enjoying self-rule, they practiced separation of powers. 3134: 954: 4463: 3513:

outside South Africa. Pressure from both outside and inside the Dutch Reformed Calvinist church helped reverse apartheid in South Africa.

3028: 2721:, but other Baptist Confessions are also used. Not all Baptists are reformed. Some Reformed Baptists accept reformed theology, especially 2395: 1344:

among others. Protected by the local nobility, Calvinism became a significant religion in Eastern Hungary and Hungarian-speaking areas of

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with more than 100 million members in 211 member denominations around the world. Smaller, conservative Reformed associations include the

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is the part of salvation in which God makes believers holy, by enabling them to exercise greater love for God and for other people. The

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from the Father and Son. However, contemporary theologians have been critical of aspects of Western views here as well. Drawing on the

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was one of the most influential works of the era. Toward the middle of the 16th century, these beliefs were formed into one consistent

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Maintaining Apartheid Or Promoting Change?: The Role of the Dutch Reformed Church in a Phase of Increasing Conflict in South Africa

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Reformed theologians, along with other Protestants, believe salvation from punishment for sin is to be given to all those who have

1760:. God's character is described primarily using three adjectives: eternal, infinite, and unchangeable. Reformed theologians such as 1098: 148: 6459: 1000:

were influenced by Reformed, rather than Lutheran theologians, but the Church of England retained elements of Catholicism such as

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attributed to the other." Baptism is for infant children of believers as well as believers, as it is for all the Reformed except

2246: 2002: 8366: 8356: 8120: 7446:

Huldrych Zwingli, 1484–1531: A Legacy of Radical Reform: Papers from the 1984 International Zwingli Symposium McGill University

6913: 4389: 3087:(particularly Calvinist) ethic influenced large numbers of people to engage in work in the secular world, developing their own 1768:

Reformed theologians have also traditionally followed the medieval tradition going back to before the early church councils of

335: 11023: 5601: 13244: 8945: 8037: 8018: 7999: 7980: 7958: 7932: 7896: 7865: 7843: 7824: 7715: 7692: 7654: 7632: 7569: 7545: 7520: 7484: 7425: 7398: 7293: 7215: 7188: 7067: 6826: 6663: 6618: 6386: 6268: 6231: 6191: 5878: 5805: 5773: 5578: 5264: 4995: 4447: 4259: 4202: 4167: 4011: 3867: 3448:

In the 19th century, churches based on or influenced by Calvin's theology became deeply involved in social reforms, e.g. the

3442: 2866:, or a version of Evangelical Christianity or Calvinism that is deemed by the critic to be unenlightened, harsh, or extreme. 2403: 2347:

his evident antipathy toward the Roman Catholic Church and its worship practices, and it associates musical instruments with

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congregations with about 9–10 million church members, scattered in more than 100 Presbyterian denominations. In South Korea,

1465: 357: 6624: 15582: 15033: 14992: 14987: 14807: 13709: 10701: 9070: 2541: 1512: 1288: 1160: 827: 712: 470: 6437: 5434: 2224:, a lesser-known Reformed reply to the Arminians, which was written prior to the Canons of Dort. The acrostic was used by 2126: 1194:, his program of reform eventually reached the French-speaking provinces of the Netherlands. Calvinism was adopted in the 14921: 14572: 13827: 13108: 12704: 9108: 6141: 2286: 1892: 886: 5924: 4022:

means that secular authorities ("magistrates") had a role in the life of the church; church and state were closely tied.

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theology of the Eucharist, which taught that it was simply a reminder of Christ's death, with Calvin's view of it as a

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Main Currents of Western Thought: Readings in Western Europe Intellectual History from the Middle Ages to the Present

5523: 347: 7878: 3164: 1567: 15199: 14827: 14140: 11693: 9238: 7435:

Farley, Edward; Hodgson, Peter C. (1994). "Scripture and Tradition". In Hodgson, Peter C.; King, Robert H. (eds.).

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Eaves, Richard Glen; Carter, William A. (1979). "John à Lasco: A Polish Religious Reformer in England, 1550–1553".

4052: 3027:. New Calvinists have been criticized for blending Calvinist soteriology with popular Evangelical positions on the 2714: 2442: 1032: 5821: 5711: 2228:

as early as circa 1905. An early printed appearance of the acrostic can be found in Loraine Boettner's 1932 book,

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so that people could be saved. Christ's human nature has been a point of contention between Reformed and Lutheran

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Early Calvinism was known for simple, unadorned churches as depicted in this 1661 portrait of the interior of the

15587: 14784: 14102: 13997: 13123: 13118: 13074: 12699: 11543: 10765: 9750: 8505: 8403: 8371: 8068: 7671: 3907:] (in German). Translated by Gene J. Lund (Fourth Revised ed.). Saint Louis: Concordia Publishing House. 3406: 2627: 2409: 2325: 2191: 1199: 445: 362: 2962:

in the United States. The movement peaked in the 1990s. However, it lives on in small denominations such as the

1944:, which causes them to be imperfect and overly self-interested. Reformed Christians, following the tradition of 15679: 15562: 15191: 15010: 14310: 13957: 13782: 13055: 12069: 12010: 11897: 11776: 11708: 10094: 9732: 9651: 9197: 8446: 8361: 5280: 5041: 3590: 2365:

in worship, though Calvin himself allowed other scriptural songs as well as psalms, and this practice typified

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were significant influences on these theologians, and to a larger extent, those who followed. The doctrine of

15658: 15536: 14341: 14107: 13522: 13259: 12918: 12767: 12689: 12111: 11153: 10664: 9303: 9004: 8326: 6414: 4570: 3630: 3371: 3036: 1948:, believe that this corruption of human nature was brought on by Adam and Eve's first sin, a doctrine called 1793: 925:

are contested by scholars. As a historical movement, Reformed Christianity began during the Reformation with

587: 450: 398: 5600: 3673:: English Separatists who left Europe for America in search of religious toleration, eventually settling in 2075:

and not based on any characteristic or action on the part of the person chosen. This view is opposed to the

1871:

John Calvin and many Reformed theologians who followed him describe Christ's work of redemption in terms of

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raised the laity to the same level as the clergy. Going one step further, Calvin included elected laymen (

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There are two schools of thought regarding the logical order of God's decree to ordain the fall of man:

15597: 15405: 15283: 15204: 12948: 12893: 12589: 11329: 10824: 9495: 9437: 9190: 9152: 8639: 8057: 7707: 6291:(2008). "The Chalcedon Problem: Rousas John Rushdoony and the Origins of Christian Reconstructionism". 4988:

Augustine's Conversion from Traditional Free Choice to 'Non-fee' Free Will: A Comprehensive Methodology

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and secular controversial contexts, where it usually connotes a negative opinion about some variety of

2379: 2167: 1589: 1457: 1419: 797: 408: 10917: 7178: 5685: 3393:(1632–1704), who in turn had both a strong impact on the political development in their home country ( 1906:

make it possible for believers to receive forgiveness for sin and reconciliation with God through the

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The Westminster Confession of Faith says that the gospel is to be freely offered to sinners, and the

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of historic Congregationalism. Evangelical Congregationalists are internationally represented by the

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In reality, these five doctrines of grace form one comprehensive body of truth concerning salvation.

4990:. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. pp. 35, 37, 93, 127, 140, 146, 150, 153, 221, 231–233, 279–280, 295. 4281: 4224: 3661:: a term used to emphasize the origin of John Calvin's theology within Augustine of Hippo's theology 15638: 15521: 15491: 14518: 13704: 13664: 13619: 13409: 13399: 13204: 12953: 12778: 12714: 12684: 12574: 12339: 12248: 12216: 12177: 12089: 10986: 10211: 10147: 9617: 9602: 9296: 9213: 9118: 9113: 8928: 8893: 8819: 8775: 8770: 8567: 8393: 8238: 8135: 8130: 4494: 3316: 2947: 2722: 2514: 2113: 2104: 2029: 1993: 1715: 1601: 592: 388: 226: 199: 10654: 4509: 2713:. They observe congregational polity like the Congregationalists. Their primary confession is the 15689: 14890: 14155: 14092: 14042: 14002: 13947: 13582: 13577: 13467: 13414: 13304: 13234: 13030: 12836: 12751: 11956: 11934: 11733: 11555: 11080: 10696: 10623: 10307: 9678: 9478: 9387: 8898: 8632: 8537: 8426: 8376: 8233: 8150: 8125: 6595:

Obligations of Citizenship and Demands of Faith: Religious Accommodation in Pluralist Democracies

6260: 6175: 5498: 5030:. Vol. 1. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 214–220, 244. 3231:(1583–1645) was able to publish a rather liberal interpretation of the Bible and his ideas about 3004: 2859: 2734: 2669: 2241: 1769: 1388: 1253: 950: 937:

between Zwingli's followers and those of Martin Luther in 1529 to mediate disputes regarding the

325: 38: 7207:

Welfare, Religion and Gender in Post-apartheid South Africa: Constructing a South-North Dialogue

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Much attention surrounding Calvinism focuses on the "Five Points of Calvinism" (also called the

15618: 15531: 15271: 15254: 15112: 14959: 14879: 14822: 14022: 13917: 13877: 13857: 13714: 13689: 13594: 13567: 13517: 13487: 13477: 13394: 13359: 13344: 13329: 13284: 13219: 12888: 12819: 12724: 12719: 12460: 12383: 12145: 12027: 11951: 11748: 11738: 11597: 11565: 11503: 11474: 10981: 10976: 10760: 10641: 10601: 10386: 9727: 9722: 9702: 9698: 9218: 8809: 8667: 8609: 8500: 8479: 8244: 7361:] (in French), Translated by M. Wallace McDonald, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 6655: 5349: 4467: 3721: 3438: 3248:

in England and North America. In the Middle Ages, state and church had been closely connected.

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are usually considered to be a distinct tradition from the Reformed. This dispute produced the

30:"Reformed church" redirects here. For Reformed churches originating in continental Europe, see 7409: 7380: 6252: 6183: 5847: 3857: 2923:

Kuyper wanted to awaken the church from what he viewed as its pietistic slumber. He declared:

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irrelevant by changed conditions. He also dismissed the argument (based upon the writings of

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and as a minority position in other denominations. Christian Reconstructionists are usually

15486: 15400: 15379: 15359: 15314: 15224: 15137: 14802: 14253: 14243: 14228: 14135: 14062: 14032: 14007: 13972: 13932: 13927: 13902: 13772: 13694: 13644: 13624: 13614: 13502: 13449: 13424: 13274: 13269: 13249: 13214: 13199: 13143: 12913: 12846: 12814: 12694: 12629: 12495: 12373: 12226: 12106: 12005: 11917: 11885: 11880: 11728: 11460: 10829: 10713: 10297: 10057: 9668: 9612: 9563: 9548: 9401: 9098: 9048: 9033: 8910: 8619: 8519: 8469: 8464: 8421: 8381: 8309: 7390: 6253:"Mobilizing Evangelicals: Christian Reconstructionism and the Roots of the Religious Right" 5899: 5372: 5222: 4515: 4084: 3496: 3300: 2604: 2579: 2575: 2510: 2502: 2366: 2080: 1797: 1773: 1558: 1293: 1203: 1042: 787: 772: 423: 413: 403: 97: 11028: 9910: 5469: 2652:. Unlike the Presbyterians, Congregationalists consider the local church to be rightfully 8: 15511: 15329: 15319: 14954: 14949: 14714: 14694: 14483: 14354: 14258: 14233: 14213: 14190: 14117: 14067: 14047: 13962: 13952: 13907: 13867: 13822: 13817: 13807: 13797: 13792: 13787: 13777: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13747: 13742: 13719: 13629: 13604: 13482: 13472: 13434: 13404: 13389: 13374: 13364: 13354: 13319: 13314: 13264: 13209: 13184: 13128: 12985: 12968: 12856: 12851: 12841: 12709: 12510: 12423: 12368: 12344: 12231: 12116: 12074: 11869: 11718: 11346: 11138: 11013: 10792: 10579: 10464: 10392: 10282: 10203: 10030: 9683: 9507: 9353: 9267: 9243: 9228: 9147: 9137: 9123: 9103: 9093: 9063: 9043: 8972: 8703: 8532: 8459: 8289: 8218: 8145: 8072: 6582:

Tri-Faith America: How Catholics and Jews Held Postwar America to Its Protestant Promise,

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Crisis In The Reformed Churches: Essays in Commemoration of the Synod of Dort (1618–1619)

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and engaging in trade and the accumulation of wealth for investment. In other words, the

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were Calvinists, who emigrated because of arguments over church structure, including the

1364: 1325: 1246: 1170: 1114: 1078: 997: 747: 222: 7645:(2004). "John Calvin and later Calvinism". In Bagchi, David; Steinmetz, David C (eds.). 5982: 5739:

History of the Christian Church: Modern Christianity; the Swiss Reformation, 2d ed., rev

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for all alike if they believe, but seeing that none would believe on their own, he then

1976:

intentions affect all of their nature and actions so that they are not pleasing to God.

1910:. Reformed Protestants generally subscribe to a particular view of the atonement called 1384: 15552: 15439: 15412: 15334: 15324: 15259: 15071: 14238: 14218: 14185: 14082: 14072: 14017: 14012: 13942: 13922: 13912: 13897: 13892: 13872: 13842: 13837: 13812: 13802: 13734: 13699: 13684: 13589: 13562: 13552: 13512: 13497: 13492: 13444: 13439: 13379: 13334: 13294: 13189: 13176: 12978: 12958: 12883: 12756: 12579: 12253: 12211: 12052: 12020: 11995: 11922: 11902: 11723: 11671: 11659: 11637: 11229: 11187: 11060: 10885: 10880: 10875: 10674: 10458: 10434: 9813: 9737: 9485: 9431: 9142: 9088: 8999: 8989: 8780: 8695: 8644: 8254: 7921: 7702:

Pettegree, Andrew (2004), "The spread of Calvin's thought", in McKim, Donald K. (ed.),

7620: 7376: 7055: 6648: 6563: 6463: 6352: 6310: 6207: 6167: 5758: 5492: 4420: 4269: 4212: 4104: 3814: 3810:"Switzerland's Original Reformer Was Creative, Combative, and Frequently Controversial" 3529: 3517: 3485: 3477: 3308: 3200: 2616: 2567: 2418: 2362: 2160: 1945: 1911: 1887:. Christ is said to be a prophet in that he teaches perfect doctrine, a priest in that 1756:

For the most part, the Reformed tradition did not modify the medieval consensus on the

1722:, however, has defended the covenant of works as combining principles of law and love. 1655: 1631: 1554: 1426:. Dutch and French Calvinist settlers were also among the first European colonizers of 1305: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1184: 1135: 1077:

as a source of authority. Scripture was also viewed as a unified whole, which led to a

1066: 802: 657: 642: 552: 522: 462: 245: 210: 11341: 10890: 10486: 10216: 7062:(Revised and Enlarged ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 52, 136. 4303: 3122: 2088: 1740: 1634:, or incapable of error or falsehood, in every place. This view is similar to that of 662: 15354: 15349: 15104: 15086: 15038: 14964: 14727: 14654: 14389: 14295: 14289: 14223: 14180: 14170: 14160: 14150: 14057: 13977: 13937: 13862: 13832: 13724: 13679: 13659: 13634: 13609: 13572: 13557: 13532: 13507: 13419: 13369: 13324: 13309: 13289: 13279: 13254: 13194: 13138: 12898: 12674: 12270: 12241: 12165: 12160: 12121: 12059: 12015: 12000: 11983: 11978: 11973: 11912: 11647: 11533: 11299: 11269: 11249: 11070: 10865: 10846: 10841: 10755: 10718: 10439: 10354: 10277: 10175: 10165: 10133: 10121: 10089: 10066: 10048: 9944: 9799: 9707: 9693: 9656: 9644: 9473: 9392: 9344: 9179: 9058: 8964: 8888: 8787: 8760: 8679: 8627: 8577: 8336: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8284: 8274: 8223: 8033: 8014: 7995: 7976: 7954: 7928: 7892: 7861: 7839: 7820: 7729: 7711: 7688: 7650: 7628: 7593: 7565: 7541: 7516: 7498: 7480: 7449: 7421: 7394: 7362: 7312: 7289: 7211: 7184: 7063: 6957: 6822: 6818:

Anglicanism and the Christian Church: Theological Resources in Historical Perspective

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On this basis, many early Calvinists also eschewed musical instruments and advocated

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In order to identify the visible church, Reformed theologians have spoken of certain

2153: 1805: 1688: 1667: 1593: 1411: 1376: 1341: 1207: 1143: 1094: 1012: 993: 977:

would be considered outside the pale of Reformed orthodoxy, though some use the term

724: 672: 652: 627: 567: 537: 418: 330: 214: 121: 113: 11753: 11351: 11001: 10723: 7420:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 294–310. 6917: 6531:"Elective affinities of the Protestant ethic: Weber and the chemistry of capitalism" 4393: 3216: 15602: 15496: 15369: 14859: 14582: 14248: 14130: 14027: 13639: 13599: 13547: 13542: 13459: 13429: 13339: 13229: 13093: 13045: 13040: 12599: 12564: 12537: 12295: 12280: 12155: 12079: 11929: 11907: 11815: 11676: 11455: 11418: 11274: 11259: 11207: 10991: 10971: 10939: 10934: 10905: 10900: 10812: 10802: 10611: 10575: 10567: 10538: 10451: 10371: 10366: 10329: 10319: 10245: 10183: 10025: 9862: 9712: 9370: 8923: 8765: 8740: 8319: 8279: 7766:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 257–270. 7386: 6553: 6545: 6302: 6179: 5328: 4247: 4190: 3694:: Italian Protestants, preceded Calvinism but today identify with Reformed theology 3385:) influenced the liberal political thought of the Presbyterian poet and politician 3296: 3236: 3115: 2741: 2537: 2518: 2352: 2314: 2294: 2275: 2262: 1872: 1849: 1839: 1827: 1814:

it abandons the essential unity of God in favor of a community of separate beings.

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during the general synod of the Reformed churches of Poland held in the village of

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was an important force behind the unplanned and uncoordinated emergence of modern

1468:. Some of the largest Calvinist communions were started by 19th- and 20th-century 15648: 15643: 15592: 15422: 15304: 15288: 15278: 15244: 15117: 15002: 14560: 14550: 14299: 12923: 12903: 12393: 12285: 12275: 11944: 11612: 11403: 11383: 11314: 11279: 11212: 10996: 10922: 10895: 10870: 10807: 10770: 10558: 10501: 10272: 9789: 9590: 9516: 9456: 9411: 9380: 9132: 9038: 8829: 8527: 7949:

An Introduction to the Reformed Tradition: A Way of Being the Christian Community

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joined the Calvinist Church. Calvinism was declared the official religion of the

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The regulative principle of worship is a teaching shared by some Calvinists and

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who saw him and communicated his message are also the Word of God. Further, the

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The Unaccommodated Calvin: Studies in the Foundation of a Theological Tradition

7812: 7759: 7758:(2003). "Reformed Identity in an Ecumenical World". In Alston, Wallace M. Jr.; 7413: 6735: 6607:

Barnstone, Aliki; Manson, Michael Tomasek; Singley, Carol J. (27 August 1997).

6455: 6441: 6104: 6043: 6003: 5049: 4121:"Protestantism" and furthermore, to put it into the subset known as "Reformed." 3714: 3465: 3208: 3177: 2917: 2913: 2904: 2892: 2863: 2847: 2846:

Hyper-Calvinism first referred to a view that appeared among the early English

2829: 2810: 2570:, a term used by English speakers to distinguish them from traditions from the 2452: 2422: 2330: 2279: 2213: 2177: 2071:

some people to be saved and others were predestined to eternal damnation. This

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Many conservative Reformed churches which are strongly Calvinistic formed the

1348:. As of 2007 there are about 3.5 million Hungarian Reformed people worldwide. 15673: 15653: 15465: 14757: 14722: 14567: 14530: 14525: 14508: 14488: 14382: 12973: 12527: 12408: 11800: 11795: 11743: 11580: 11518: 11413: 11304: 11202: 11133: 11065: 11055: 11018: 10954: 10851: 10817: 10735: 10631: 10594: 10513: 10421: 9872: 9823: 9528: 9053: 8984: 8834: 8542: 8182: 8177: 7942: 7781: 7755: 7743: 7379:; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005). Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A. (eds.). 6949: 6821:(2 ed.). London, England: T & T Clark (published 2002). p. 67. 6288: 3679: 3473: 3469: 3433:

initiated a tradition of human and civil rights that continued in the French

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Alongside the liberal development of the Netherlands came the rise of modern

3020: 2991: 2979: 2896: 2882: 2825: 2786: 2571: 1865: 1810: 1647: 1608: 1265: 1257: 1110: 858: 792: 782: 607: 597: 562: 542: 307: 278: 270: 144: 85: 59: 51: 11642: 8053: 7664:———————— (9 November 1993). 5335:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Reformed Fellowship, Incorporated. pp. 52–58. 3667:: followers of Calvinism in France, originating in the 16th and 17th century 15628: 15623: 15501: 15455: 15432: 15427: 15229: 14847: 14732: 14634: 14577: 14540: 14503: 14446: 14367: 13113: 13015: 12871: 12559: 12554: 12532: 12522: 12403: 11835: 11770: 11713: 11698: 11664: 11289: 11197: 10193: 10084: 10079: 9930: 9900: 9774: 9742: 9490: 9461: 9448: 8866: 8814: 8745: 8735: 8416: 8348: 8213: 8109: 7670:. North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council. Escondido, California: 7285: 7180:

Above the fray: The Red Cross and the making of the humanitarian NGO sector

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Anti-Arminians: The Anglican Reformed Tradition from Charles II to George I

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have termed it "an inconsistent and therefore unstable form of Calvinism."

2600: 2506: 2383: 1949: 1937: 1931: 1718:, have also rejected the idea of covenants based on law rather than grace. 1695: 1489: 1461: 1441: 1427: 1368: 1345: 1269: 1058: 854: 777: 667: 512: 393: 297: 261: 175: 11336: 9981: 2887: 1792:. The Son (Christ) is held to be eternally begotten by the Father and the 1238: 1168:, which would shape the future definition of the Reformed faith. The 1549 1155: 15364: 14979: 14837: 14777: 14767: 14747: 14737: 14704: 14606: 14555: 14545: 14441: 14377: 14362: 13035: 13010: 12829: 12797: 12788: 12734: 12664: 12649: 12542: 12433: 12094: 12042: 11830: 11548: 11528: 11368: 11309: 11047: 11043: 10856: 10344: 10292: 10262: 10099: 9953: 9845: 9769: 9634: 9570: 9521: 9168: 8918: 8881: 8730: 8582: 8557: 8454: 7884: 7876:

Dutch Calvinism in Modern America: A History of a Conservative Subculture

7625:

PROOF: Finding Freedom through the Intoxicating Joy of Irresistible Grace

6215: 5287:(Ebook ed.). Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic. pp. 50–51. 5153: 5023: 3758: 3748: 3743: 3704: 3691: 3674: 3491:

Others view Calvinist influence as not always being solely positive. The

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This refrain has become something of a rallying call for Neo-Calvinists.

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in the 18th century. Their system denied that the call of the gospel to "

2754: 2668:. Christian denominations in the Congregationalist tradition include the 2620: 2343: 2302: 2023: 1857: 1789: 1785: 1485: 1477: 1445: 1400: 1396: 1372: 1321: 1175: 1131: 989: 942: 911: 729: 527: 302: 274: 164: 156: 132: 117: 89: 55: 12349: 12290: 11393: 10787: 10606: 10155: 7475:

Holder, R. Ward (2004), "Calvin's heritage", in McKim, Donald K. (ed.),

4424: 46: 15460: 15395: 15374: 15339: 14762: 14674: 14669: 14644: 14639: 14619: 14614: 14513: 14498: 14493: 14478: 14466: 14436: 13001: 12996: 12866: 12861: 12824: 12802: 12659: 12639: 12634: 12475: 12465: 12428: 12032: 11810: 11758: 11498: 11143: 11123: 10659: 10584: 10523: 10287: 10267: 10188: 9840: 9808: 9779: 9558: 9553: 9538: 9016: 8755: 8552: 8208: 8140: 7789: 7511:

Ganoczy, Alexandre (2004), "Calvin's life", in McKim, Donald K. (ed.),

6976:

Catholic Encyclopedia: "Connecticut". New Advent. Retrieved 2017-07-07.

6508:. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. pp. 117ff. 6085: 5983:"Systematic Theology – Volume II – Christian Classics Ethereal Library" 5715: 5609: 5586: 3418: 3390: 3285: 3265: 3096: 3084: 3035:

and for rejecting tenets seen as crucial to the Reformed faith such as

3016: 2851: 2790: 2777: 2645: 2359: 2048: 2034: 1643: 1469: 1082: 996:. The Anglican confessions are considered reformed, and leaders of the 946: 752: 637: 14842: 11840: 10679: 8030:

Conversations with the Confessions: Dialogue in the Reformed Tradition

6945:

The Story of America: Freedom and Crisis from Settlement to Superpower

2821:. The efficacy of the atonement remains limited to those who believe. 2083:

or based on his foreknowledge of who would respond positively to God.

15173: 15155: 14832: 14812: 14772: 14752: 14742: 14699: 14689: 14684: 14659: 14629: 14535: 14456: 14426: 14394: 12943: 12739: 12654: 12644: 12515: 12470: 12455: 12388: 12236: 11703: 11625: 11585: 11575: 11538: 11513: 11493: 11388: 11254: 11108: 11098: 10860: 10780: 10775: 10686: 10496: 10481: 10446: 10429: 10411: 10324: 10104: 10020: 9999: 9994: 9971: 9966: 9925: 9920: 9857: 9794: 9717: 9688: 9639: 9580: 9533: 9173: 9021: 8856: 8846: 8839: 8797: 8792: 8587: 8547: 7537: 7470:(Second ed.). Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press. 7448:, Montreal, Canada: Faculty of Religious Studies, McGill University, 7231: 6812: 6558: 3612: 3504: 3500: 3245: 3076: 3059: 3012: 2951: 2782: 2758: 2612: 2290: 2011: 1989: 1616: 1500: 1473: 1356: 1337: 1242: 1123: 1102: 1090: 1005: 974: 762: 532: 282: 191: 63: 10376: 9905: 6166:(2013). "Religiously Motivated Violence in the Abortion Debate". In 2978:. They tend to support a decentralized political order resulting in 2725:, but do not hold to a specific confession or to covenant theology. 930: 140: 37:"Calvinism" redirects here. For John Calvin's personal beliefs, see 14936: 14874: 14679: 14664: 14431: 14404: 14399: 14372: 12746: 12490: 12480: 12335: 11825: 11805: 11632: 11508: 11363: 10927: 10649: 10589: 10508: 10416: 10403: 10381: 10361: 10339: 10334: 10314: 10254: 10221: 10160: 10004: 9989: 9867: 9828: 9784: 9575: 9512: 9416: 9319: 8562: 8431: 7992:

After Calvin: Studies in the Development of a Theological Tradition

5797: 3753: 3731: 3664: 3571: 3543: 3401:

of 1688) as well as in North America. The ideological basis of the

3277: 3192: 2653: 2414: 2209: 2076: 1861: 1852:. Reformed Christians have especially emphasized that Christ truly 1635: 1423: 1313: 1037: 1020: 1015:, who hold many of the same beliefs as Reformed Christians but not 864: 807: 160: 66:, influential theologians in developing the Reformed faith, at the 14920: 7819:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. 7667:

Confessing the Reformed Faith: Our Identity in Unity and Diversity

2603:

churches are named for their order of government by assemblies of

14461: 13020: 12619: 12584: 12505: 12418: 12359: 12263: 11966: 11820: 11570: 11523: 11408: 11284: 11103: 10528: 10491: 10302: 9852: 9818: 9661: 9362: 9262: 8871: 8851: 8708: 8597: 7990:———————— (2003). 7750:. Vol. 2. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster/John Knox Press. 7243: 3685: 3557: 3355: 3281: 3212: 3173: 2706: 2267: 1876: 1777: 1749: 1735: 1481: 1392: 1317: 1086: 1001: 7858:

Christ's Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism

6076: 5939: 5822:"Heritage Baptist Church – A Brief History of Reformed Baptists" 4135:"The English Reformations and the Making of the Anglican Church" 3688:: English Protestants who wanted to purify the Church of England 3148: 12928: 12807: 12792: 12611: 12500: 12485: 12443: 12221: 12099: 11373: 11128: 11118: 10730: 10691: 10533: 10141: 10111: 9835: 8078: 7437:

Christian Theology: An Introduction to Its Traditions and Tasks

6438:"Tim Keller and the New Calvinist idea of "Gospel eco-systems"" 2623: 2038: 1980:

justice as areas of human life that have been affected by sin.

1880: 1845: 1844:

Reformed theologians affirm the historic Christian belief that

1823: 1710:

substance of being free of a requirement of perfect obedience.

1360: 1352: 1329: 1301: 1191: 1109:, the teaching that some people are chosen by God to be saved. 1046: 988:

Reformed Christianity also has a complicated relationship with

93: 71: 11319: 7183:. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. p. 45. 6332:. Tyler, Texas: Institute for Christian Economics. p. 81. 5760:

The Uneasy Center: Reformed Christianity in Antebellum America

4592: 4186:"Reformed Baptist": Anachronistic Oxymoron or Useful Signpost? 3484:, were Reformed Christians. Their movement also initiated the 3343:, respectively, combined democratic government with a limited 1687:

theologians developed a particular theological system called "

12624: 12398: 12378: 12363: 11939: 11765: 11560: 11423: 11378: 11358: 10518: 9915: 9761: 9543: 8804: 8264: 8203: 8160: 6841:

final perseverance, glorification) was, we may say, the norm.

3615:'s analysis of Calvinism's influence on society and economics 3528:

is the most prolific example. In literature one can think of

3492: 3273: 3256:

separated state and church in principle. His doctrine of the

2794: 2656:

by their own officers, not higher ecclesiastical courts. The

2271: 1620: 1464:

had organized a congregation there under the auspices of the

1333: 1273: 1165: 1074: 152: 6257:

Evangelicals and Democracy in America: Religion and politics

3288:

are organized in a similar way. These denominations and the

2250:

John Calvin depicted on his deathbed with church members in

1367:. One of the most important Polish reformed theologists was 12549: 12438: 10349: 9288: 5689: 4685: 3586:

List of Calvinist educational institutions in North America

3348: 3204: 2540:

polity. The largest interdenominational association is the

2375: 2348: 2212:

TULIP. The five points are popularly said to summarize the

1431: 941:, Reformed Protestants were defined by their opposition to 6379:"10 Ideas Changing the World Right Now: The New Calvinism" 5494:

An Outline of Christian Worship: Its Development and Forms

4871: 4784: 4724: 3207:

from Spain and Portugal. The ancestors of the philosopher

2501:

The Reformed tradition is historically represented by the

2218:

The Five Points of Calvinism Defined, Defended, Documented

1936:

In Christian theology, people are created good and in the

12448: 12413: 11088: 10425: 8063: 7780: 5073: 5071: 4931: 4837: 4835: 4714: 4712: 4519:'s Forum on Religion and Public Life (19 December 2011), 4318: 4060: 3983: 3971: 3292:

were influenced by Calvin's theology in varying degrees.

2873:

makes clear that the gospel is offered to the non-elect.

2802: 2709:, unlike other reformed traditions, exclusively practice 2674:

National Association of Congregational Christian Churches

1941: 5202: 5190: 5178: 4847: 4392:. Hungarian Reformed Church of Australia. Archived from 4370: 2793:, a modified Calvinist theology regarding the nature of 2338:

described what should (and should not) occur in worship.

5411: 5409: 5088: 5086: 3839: 3837: 1800:

tradition, these Reformed theologians have proposed a "

1575:, an early American Presbyterian church founded in 1789 1183:

controversy experienced by Lutherans prior to the 1579

9331: 7325:

Busch, Eberhard (December 2008). Visser, Douwe (ed.).

7060:

The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763–1789

6709:, 11. Auflage (1956), Tübingen (Germany), pp. 396–397. 6606: 5714:. World Communion of Reformed Churches. Archived from 5688:. World Communion of Reformed Churches. Archived from 5348:

The Five Points of Calvinism Historically Considered,

5068: 5004: 4895: 4832: 4820: 4748: 4709: 4675: 4673: 4634: 4622: 4610: 3655:: Calvinist churches originating in continental Europe 3598:: Eastern Orthodox council rejecting Calvinist beliefs 2954:

movement that has remained rather obscure. Founded by

2073:

choice by God to save some is held to be unconditional

1422:. Others were forced into exile, including the French 100:. In the modern day, it is largely represented by the 14342:

Beliefs condemned as heretical by the Catholic Church

6916:. Histarch.uiuc.edu. 14 December 2007. Archived from 6873:, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, p. 10. 5664:"Systematic Theology – Volume II – Infralapsarianism" 5641:"Systematic Theology – Volume II – Supralapsarianism" 4943: 4907: 4342: 4330: 4246:. Springer International Publishing. pp. 53–68. 4189:. Springer International Publishing. pp. 27–52. 3476:

to help the impoverished masses. The founders of the

2958:, the movement has had an important influence on the 1430:, beginning in the 17th century, who became known as 1158:(1499–1560). Written between 1536 and 1539, Calvin's 1097:. Another shared perspective was their denial of the 1023:

should be considered a separate religious tradition.

5406: 5394: 5257:

What Is Reformed Theology?: Understanding the Basics

5110: 5083: 3834: 3539: 2037:

concerns. People are not on their own able to fully

1383:

broke away from Calvinism on January 22, 1556, when

1371:, who was also involved into organising churches in 269:

in Geneva, featuring prominent Reformed theologians

6330:

Christian Reconstruction: What it Is, what it Isn't

5896:"9 Things You Should Really Know About Anglicanism" 5556: 5554: 5537: 5535: 5259:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Books. p. 32. 5134: 5122: 5098: 5056: 4967: 4955: 4919: 4883: 4859: 4808: 4796: 4772: 4760: 4736: 4697: 4670: 4658: 4646: 4382: 3880: 3435:

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

3133:in the anti-Habsburg rebellion and first Calvinist 1573:

Presbyterian Church in the United States of America

7946: 7920: 7771:Weisse, Wolfram; Anthonissen, Carel Aaron (2004). 6860:, 3. Auflage (1958), Stuttgart, Germany, col. 210. 6647: 6255:. In Brint, Steven; Schroedel, Jean Reith (eds.). 5757: 5466:"Musical Instruments in the Public Worship of God" 5294:"The Points of Calvinism: Retrospect and Prospect" 2615:, who brought Reformed theology and polity to the 2378:and musical instruments are in common use, as are 2319: 2208:). The five points have been summarized under the 1780:. God is affirmed to be one God in three persons: 1399:, especially Sweden, but was rejected in favor of 7909:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 7891:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 7860:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 7770: 7249: 7237: 6597:, Princeton University Press, 2000 – 438, p. 156. 6482:. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. 3776:Reformed Christianity can also be referred to as 3608:The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism 3211:were Portuguese Jews. Aware of the trial against 3072:The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism 3046: 2964:Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States 2686:Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Churches 1444:was largely colonized by Calvinist settlers from 992:, the branch of Protestantism originating in the 15671: 15095:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference 7375: 7013:Liberty of Conscience: Roger Williams in America 6522: 6220:Eyes Right!: Challenging the Right Wing Backlash 5945: 5918: 5916: 4551: 4549: 2766: 2678:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference 2436: 1105:to be by grace alone and affirmed a doctrine of 1053:The first wave of Reformed theologians included 843:North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council 14970:General Association of Regular Baptist Churches 7889:Reformations: The Early Modern World, 1450–1650 7647:The Cambridge Companion to Reformation Theology 7618: 7309:The Cambridge Companion to Reformation Theology 7302: 6376: 4559:. Archived from the original on 19 August 1999. 2817:, thereby preserving the Calvinist doctrine of 2297:, include a third mark of rightly administered 1604:from condemnation which is punishment for sin. 14922:Evangelical Protestantism in the United States 7497:, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Fortress Press, 6938: 3219:lived in the Netherlands, out of reach of the 2935: 2682:Evangelical Congregational Church in Argentina 1642:. Another view, influenced by the teaching of 1210:were adopted as confessional standards in the 221:are exercised by Reformed churches, including 14906: 14326: 9304: 8978:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 8677: 8094: 7434: 7382:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 6477: 5913: 5794:Puritans and Puritanism in Europe and America 4691: 4546: 4440:Racovia: An Early Liberal Religious Community 2648:, a sixteenth-century movement to reform the 2566:"Continental" Reformed churches originate in 2550:International Conference of Reformed Churches 2185: 1528:International Conference of Reformed Churches 887: 838:International Conference of Reformed Churches 236: 7838:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. 7810: 6440:. Christian Research Network. Archived from 6341: 6339: 6172:The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Violence 4577: 4482: 4464:"The Reformation in Germany And Scandinavia" 2660:, a revision of Westminster, is the primary 2524:Reformed churches practice several forms of 939:real presence of Christ in the Lord's Supper 933:, Switzerland. Following the failure of the 917:The definitions and boundaries of the terms 198:, the basis for the "doctrines of grace" or 14960:Conservative Baptist Association of America 7817:Reformed Theology: Identity and Ecumenicity 7764:Reformed Theology: Identity and Ecumenicity 7418:Reformed Theology: Identity and Ecumenicity 7054: 5887: 5868: 5749: 5730: 4493:. Christian Reformed Church. Archived from 4456: 4414: 2805:, prior to his decree of election, decreed 2666:World Evangelical Congregational Fellowship 2479: 2472: 2462: 2456: 2098: 1850:one person with a divine and a human nature 1548: 1410:Many 17th century European settlers in the 981:to include Arminians, while using the term 15164:Christian Reformed Church in North America 14913: 14899: 14333: 14319: 9311: 9297: 8101: 8087: 7385:(3rd ed.). Oxford: University Press. 6327: 6170:; Kitts, Margo; Jerryson, Michael (eds.). 5839: 5463: 5048:(Ebook ed.). Grand Rapids, Michigan: 4066: 4027: 3995: 3989: 3977: 3938: 3849: 3409:, who had been inspired by Milton, Locke, 3307:and furthered the cause of democracy. The 2192: 2178: 1387:, a Polish student, spoke out against the 894: 880: 15568:Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus 15558:Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood 15077:Christian Churches and Churches of Christ 7805:Reformed systematic theology bibliography 7701: 7515:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 7479:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 7439:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Fortress Press. 7311:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 6557: 6336: 6250: 6162: 6050:(Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1973). 5958:covenant between God and humanity is ..." 5869:Masonheimer, Phylicia (2 February 2023). 5518:. Phillipsburg, New Jersey: P&R Pub. 5428: 5426: 5424: 5371:. Bloomingtonrpchurch.org. Archived from 5366:"The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination" 5301:Scottish Bulletin of Evangelical Theology 4376: 3423:United States Declaration of Independence 1630:take the view that the Bible is true and 135:tradition occurred in 1529 when reformer 11868: 7852: 7833: 7723: 7649:. New York: Cambridge University Press. 7263:History of Religion in the United States 7165:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 7114:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 7097:History of Religion in the United States 7030:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 6901:History of Religion in the United States 6888:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 6871:History of Religion in the United States 6774:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 6757:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 6724:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 6694:Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart 6654:. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 6528: 6506:The Concept of Equity in Calvin's Ethics 6372: 6370: 6206: 5922: 5435:"Luther and Calvin on Music and Worship" 5162:. Eerdmans. p. 2206. Archived from 4102: 4043:, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, p. 4002:Voorst, Robert E. Van (1 January 2014). 3958: 3898: 3807: 3163: 3147: 3121: 3109: 2886: 2781: 2746:United Episcopal Church of North America 2717:, a revision of the Congregationalists' 2626:. Presbyterians historically uphold the 2619:after spending time on the continent in 2351:, which he considered violations of the 2329: 2245: 2001: 1739: 1671: 1566: 1287: 1127:, was a direct inheritance from Luther. 1099:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 1036: 149:Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist 88:that began during the sixteenth-century 45: 15235:Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy 13165: 7915: 7584: 7554: 7528: 7510: 7462: 7407: 7352: 7116:, 3. Auflage, Band III, col. 1769–1771. 7002:, William Morrow and Company, New York. 6287: 6184:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199759996.013.0020 5490: 5327: 5291: 5208: 4877: 4853: 4790: 4442:. Blackstone Editions. pp. 21–22. 4364: 4182: 4157: 4103:Robinson, Peter D. (14 February 2020). 4033: 3855: 3105: 2586:there, as well as the Anglican Church. 2430:1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith 2421:. Baptism admits the baptized into the 2230:The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination 1817: 1496:is the largest Christian denomination. 1379:in London. Later, a faction called the 14: 15672: 8008: 7989: 7967: 7923:The History and Character of Calvinism 7754: 7742: 7704:The Cambridge Companion to John Calvin 7682: 7663: 7641: 7513:The Cambridge Companion to John Calvin 7492: 7477:The Cambridge Companion to John Calvin 7474: 7443: 6645: 6401: 6345: 6130: 6121:(Welwyn, UK: Evangelical Press, 2000). 6119:Abraham Kuyper: God's Renaissance Man. 5893: 5755: 5736: 5432: 5421: 5279: 5254: 5220: 5152: 5040: 5022: 4985: 4949: 4937: 4913: 4488: 4437: 4360: 4348: 4336: 4324: 4162:. Oxford University Press. p. 4. 4001: 3917: 3843: 3118:during the Marian persecutions in 1556 2293:. Others, such as those following the 1395:. Calvinism gained some popularity in 1363:before being mostly erased during the 1300:Although much of Calvin's work was in 1202:, which led to the formulation of the 906:Reformed Christianity is often called 336:Republication of the Covenant of Works 14894: 14314: 13164: 12317: 11867: 9330: 9292: 8082: 8027: 7941: 7927:. New York: Oxford University Press. 7605: 7324: 7279: 7203: 7176: 7167:, 3. Auflage, Band V, col. 1614–1615. 6610:The Calvinist Roots of the Modern Era 6478:Le Van Baumer, Franklin, ed. (1978). 6454: 6407: 6367: 6098: 6016:The Westminster Assembly and Its Work 5894:Jensen, Michael P. (7 January 2015). 5845: 5666:. Christian Classics Ethereal Library 5661: 5643:. Christian Classics Ethereal Library 5638: 5511: 5415: 5400: 5314:from the original on 2 February 2012. 5196: 5184: 5140: 5128: 5116: 5104: 5092: 5077: 5062: 5010: 4973: 4961: 4925: 4901: 4889: 4865: 4841: 4826: 4814: 4802: 4778: 4766: 4754: 4742: 4730: 4718: 4703: 4679: 4664: 4652: 4640: 4628: 4616: 4132: 3886: 3822:from the original on 22 November 2022 3443:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 2688:in the United Kingdom, among others. 2274:. The church is conceived of as both 2081:choice of whom to save is conditional 2067:Reformed Christians believe that God 1748:diagrams the classic doctrine of the 1530:is another conservative association. 15583:National Association of Evangelicals 15240:Fundamentalist–modernist controversy 15034:Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) 14993:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 14808:Community of the Lady of All Nations 7883: 7836:Calvinism: A Very Short Introduction 7728:, Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 7687:, Oxford, England: Lion Hudson plc, 7592:, Oxford, England: Basil Blackwell, 7410:"Rethinking the Scripture Principle" 7391:10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001 7032:, 3. Auflage, Band IV, col. 954–955. 6811: 6627:from the original on 19 October 2017 6503: 6435: 6429: 6410:"Christian faith: Calvinism is back" 5363: 5345: 5233:from the original on 21 January 2021 5159:Institutes of the Christian Religion 5028:Institutes of the Christian Religion 4589:World Communion of Reformed Churches 4491:"Touched by Devotion in South Korea" 4419:. Journal of Thought (14): 311–323. 4237: 3961:Calvinism: A Very Short Introduction 3959:Jonathan, Warren (2017). "Review of 3405:was largely provided by the radical 2611:. They are especially influenced by 2542:World Communion of Reformed Churches 2477:, "beneath", here meaning "after" + 1661: 1513:World Communion of Reformed Churches 1161:Institutes of the Christian Religion 828:World Communion of Reformed Churches 471:Institutes of the Christian Religion 116:traditions, as well as parts of the 7779: 7495:Huldrych Zwingli: His Life and Work 6776:, 3. Auflage, Band V, col. 579–580. 6677:united states founded on calvinism. 6059: 5622: 5560: 5541: 3682:: Calvinists in countries worldwide 3472:. Members of these churches formed 3389:(1608–1674) and of the philosopher 2461:, "above", here meaning "before" + 1694:The covenant of works is made with 1538:officially established state church 1320:, especially those adjacent to the 1190:Due to Calvin's missionary work in 949:radicals thus remaining within the 131:that divided the Reformed from the 24: 13134:Religions and spiritual traditions 9333:Religious groups and denominations 8011:Historical Dictionary of Calvinism 7798: 7210:. African Sun Media. p. 326. 7133:, 3. Auflage (1958), col. 411–412. 6650:The Faiths of the Founding Fathers 5925:"The Reformed Face of Anglicanism" 5766:University of North Carolina Press 5223:"TULIP and The Doctrines of Grace" 3808:Manetsch, Scott M. (23 May 2022). 3499:combined ideas from Calvinism and 2835: 2562:Continental Reformed Protestantism 2404:Lord's Supper in Reformed theology 2254:, a late 19th century portrait by 32:Continental Reformed Protestantism 25: 15701: 15146:Christian and Missionary Alliance 15128:Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) 8047: 6914:"Plymouth Colony Legal Structure" 6328:North, Gary; DeMar, Gary (1991). 6101:Dutch Calvinism in Modern America 5923:Robinson, Peter (2 August 2012). 5285:Calvin and the Reformed Tradition 5046:Calvin and the Reformed Tradition 4528:, pp. 21, 70, archived from 4092:from the original on 28 May 2023. 4006:. Cengage Learning. p. 164. 3948:. New York: Penguin. p. 253. 3698: 2946:Christian Reconstructionism is a 2633: 2055: 953:. During the seventeenth-century 205:Reformed theology emphasizes the 15553:Christianity Today International 15200:Association of Vineyard Churches 14988:Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod 14873: 14596: 14294: 14285: 14284: 14098:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 13240:Democratic Republic of the Congo 9273: 9272: 9261: 8389:State church of the Roman Empire 8108: 7726:The Theology of Huldrych Zwingli 7255: 7197: 7170: 7153: 7136: 7119: 7102: 7089: 7076: 7048: 7043:Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte 7035: 7018: 7005: 7000:William Penn: Apostle of Dissent 6992: 6979: 6970: 6932: 6906: 6893: 6876: 6863: 6846: 6805: 6800:Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte 6792: 6787:Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte 6779: 6762: 6759:, 3. Auflage, Band VI, col. 941. 6745: 6729: 6712: 6707:Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte 6699: 6682: 6639: 6600: 6587: 6574: 6550:10.1111/j.1467-9558.2009.01367.x 6496: 6470: 6448: 6321: 6281: 6244: 6200: 6156: 6137:Moses' Law for Modern Government 6124: 6111: 6092: 6069: 6037: 6021: 5997: 5975: 5969:A History of Christian Doctrine, 5961: 5951: 5862: 5814: 5786: 5704: 5603:1689 Baptist Confession of Faith 5580:1689 Baptist Confession of Faith 5221:Lawson, Steven (18 March 2019). 4489:Meehan, Chris (4 October 2010). 4158:Hampton, Stephen (29 May 2008). 3856:Cottret, Bernard (22 May 2003). 3570: 3556: 3542: 2985: 2876: 2715:1689 Baptist Confession of Faith 2644:Congregationalism originates in 2355:' prohibition of graven images. 2125: 1794:Holy Spirit eternally proceeding 1472:. Especially large are those in 1174:unified Zwingli and Bullinger's 1033:History of Reformed Christianity 870:Reformed Christianity portal 863: 260: 27:Protestant denominational family 15588:National Religious Broadcasters 12700:Evolutionary origin of religion 8372:First seven ecumenical councils 7953:. Westminster John Knox Press. 7783:Westminster Confession of Faith 7672:Westminster Seminary California 7272: 6890:, 3. Auflage, Band V, col. 384. 6726:, 3. Auflage, Band I, col. 947. 6696:, 3. Auflage, Band II, col. 88. 6688:Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, 6646:Holmes, David L. (1 May 2006). 5678: 5655: 5632: 5593: 5570: 5505: 5484: 5457: 5357: 5339: 5320: 5273: 5248: 5214: 5146: 5034: 5016: 4979: 4431: 4408: 4354: 4288: 4231: 4176: 4151: 4126: 4096: 4072: 3139: 2916:and the Neo-Calvinists usually 2628:Westminster Confession of Faith 2589: 2410:Westminster Confession of Faith 2396:Reformed teaching on sacraments 2326:Regulative principle of worship 2320:Regulative principle of worship 1912:penal substitutionary atonement 1130:The second generation featured 961:were forcibly removed from the 446:Westminster Confession of Faith 15563:Evangelical Climate Initiative 15011:Presbyterian Church in America 13056:Separation of church and state 11709:Polytheistic reconstructionism 9239:Relations with other religions 8645:Church of the East (Nestorian) 8640:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 8028:Small, Joseph D., ed. (2005). 7608:Introducing the Reformed Faith 7084:American Life and Institutions 6987:History of Religion in America 6675:– via Internet Archive. 6032:Four Views on Eternal Security 5439:Reformed Perspectives Magazine 4302:. 16 June 2016. Archived from 3952: 3932: 3911: 3892: 3862:. A&C Black. p. 239. 3801: 3770: 3649:that hold to Reformed theology 3591:List of Reformed denominations 3047:Social and economic influences 2740:The Most Rev. Peter Robinson, 2555: 1864:believe that Christ is bodily 348:Logical order of God's decrees 13: 1: 15537:Transformational Christianity 10665:Traditional Sabahan religions 8009:Picken, Stuart D. B. (2011). 7412:. In Alston, Wallace M. Jr.; 7250:Weisse & Anthonissen 2004 7238:Weisse & Anthonissen 2004 7082:Douglas K. Stevenson (1987), 7015:, Judson Press, Valley Forge. 6415:The Christian Science Monitor 6408:Burek, Josh (27 March 2010). 6212:"Christian Reconstructionism" 5873:. Thomas Nelson. p. 98. 5848:"What is a Reformed Baptist?" 5433:Barber, John (25 June 2006). 4557:"Major Branches of Religions" 4466:. Vlib.iue.it. Archived from 3794: 3631:Reformed confessions of faith 3379: 3375: 3367: 3363: 3181: 2771: 2767:Variants in Reformed theology 2443:Logical order of God's decree 2437:Logical order of God's decree 2389: 2382:styles with elements such as 1940:but have become corrupted by 1351:Calvinism was influential in 451:Westminster Shorter Catechism 15482:Apostolic-Prophetic Movement 15310:Baptism with the Holy Spirit 15182:Seventh-day Adventist Church 9318: 7284:. Doing Theology. New York: 7086:, Stuttgart, Germany, p. 34. 6869:Clifton E. Olmstead (1960), 6802:, pp. 329–330, 382, 422–424. 6346:Collin (22 September 2006). 6079:Westminster Larger Catechism 6030:in J. Matthew Pinson (ed.), 6014:, pp. 364–365, and vol. VI, 5946:Cross & Livingstone 2005 5846:Hicks, Tom (30 March 2017). 5608:. Ch. 28 Sec. 4 – via 5585:. Ch. 28 Sec. 2 – via 5491:Maxwell, William D. (1936). 5292:Stewart, Kenneth J. (2008). 4183:Bingham, Matthew C. (2018). 3550:Reformed Christianity portal 3254:doctrine of the two kingdoms 2972:presuppositional apologetics 2813:those whom he will bring to 2336:Directory for Public Worship 2261:Reformed Christians see the 2222:Counter Remonstrance of 1611 2010:, depicted in a portrait by 1983: 1652:Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) 1638:orthodoxy as well as modern 1540:in the Calvinist tradition. 1458:American War of Independence 1196:Electorate of the Palatinate 1119:justification by faith alone 945:. The Reformed also opposed 456:Westminster Larger Catechism 170:In the seventeenth century, 7: 15573:Fuller Theological Seminary 15049:Pentecostal Holiness Church 14945:Southern Baptist Convention 12909:National religiosity levels 12134:Nauruan Indigenous religion 11689:Hellenism (modern religion) 8946:Views on poverty and wealth 7994:. Oxford University Press. 7975:. Oxford University Press. 7627:. New York: HarperCollins. 7444:Furcha, E. J., ed. (1985), 7150:, 3. Auflage, col. 407–408. 7148:Evangelisches Soziallexikon 7131:Evangelisches Soziallexikon 6858:Evangelisches Soziallexikon 6348:"Young, Restless, Reformed" 5756:Conkin, Paul Keith (1995). 5515:Worship in Spirit and Truth 4252:10.1007/978-3-319-95192-8_3 4195:10.1007/978-3-319-95192-8_2 4133:Haigh, Christopher (2006). 4109:The North American Anglican 3653:Continental Reformed church 3619: 3535: 3258:priesthood of all believers 2942:Christian Reconstructionism 2936:Christian Reconstructionism 2824:Named after its formulator 2728: 2496: 2400:Reformed baptismal theology 2062:Predestination in Calvinism 2008:Parable of the Prodigal Son 1889:he intercedes to the Father 1543: 10: 15706: 15598:World Vision United States 15406:Contemporary worship music 15284:Los Angeles Crusade (1949) 15205:Calvary Chapel Association 14880:Catholic Church portal 12318: 9191:World Evangelical Alliance 9153:Traditionalist Catholicism 8069:"Five Points of Calvinism" 7802: 7708:Cambridge University Press 7536:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: 7353:Cottret, Bernard (2000) , 7280:Allen, R. Michael (2010). 6504:Haas, Guenther H. (1997). 6084:. Question 68 – via 5464:Schwertley, Brian (1998). 4105:"Is Anglicanism Reformed?" 3945:The Reformation: A History 3636: 3602:Criticism of Protestantism 3427:United States Constitution 3050: 2989: 2939: 2880: 2839: 2775: 2732: 2695: 2691: 2637: 2593: 2559: 2440: 2393: 2380:contemporary worship music 2323: 2312: 2308: 2252:The last moments of Calvin 2239: 2168:Perseverance of the saints 2102: 2059: 2014:, illustrates forgiveness. 1987: 1921: 1821: 1729: 1665: 1552: 1030: 1026: 965:for their views regarding 237:Definition and terminology 200:"five points" of Calvinism 36: 29: 15611: 15545: 15517:New Apostolic Reformation 15474: 15448: 15388: 15345:Christianity and abortion 15297: 15217: 15190: 15172: 15154: 15136: 15103: 15085: 15062: 15044:Pentecostal Church of God 15019: 15001: 14978: 14935: 14928: 14868: 14793: 14713: 14605: 14594: 14353: 14280: 14199: 14116: 13988: 13733: 13458: 13175: 13171: 13160: 13069: 12994: 12765: 12673: 12610: 12328: 12324: 12313: 11876: 11863: 11788: 11611: 11593:Transcendental Meditation 11486: 11473: 11438: 11186: 11163: 11152: 11079: 11042: 10744: 10640: 10622: 10566: 10557: 10474: 10402: 10253: 10244: 10202: 10174: 10132: 10065: 10056: 10047: 10013: 9980: 9952: 9943: 9893: 9760: 9447: 9361: 9352: 9343: 9339: 9326: 9256: 9206: 9186:World Council of Churches 9161: 9079: 8963: 8954: 8909: 8694: 8678: 8673:Latter Day Saint movement 8658: 8618: 8518: 8499: 8445: 8402: 8347: 8253: 8232: 8191: 8159: 8116: 7683:Parker, T. H. L. (2006), 7606:McKim, Donald K. (2001). 7011:Edwin S. Gaustad (1999), 6635:– via Google Books. 6460:"Calvinism Old and "New"" 6436:Chew, David (June 2010). 6307:10.1017/S0009640708000590 6259:. Vol. 2. New York: 6251:Ingersoll, Julie (2009). 5346:Wail, William H. (1913). 4692:Farley & Hodgson 1994 4569:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3923:"Was Calvin a Calvinist?" 3596:Synod of Jerusalem (1672) 3079:wrote that capitalism in 2546:World Reformed Fellowship 2521:denominational families. 2256:Lluís Domènech i Montaner 2235: 1836:Substitutionary atonement 1600:, which is the gospel of 1524:World Reformed Fellowship 1283: 1011:Some scholars argue that 833:World Reformed Fellowship 341:Baptist Covenant Theology 15639:Charles Grandison Finney 15522:Neo-charismatic movement 15492:Christian fundamentalism 15192:Nondenominational Family 15087:Congregationalist Family 13225:Central African Republic 10212:Vietnamese folk religion 9603:Charismatic Christianity 9214:Anti-Christian sentiment 8394:Christian biblical canon 7811:Alston, Wallace M. Jr.; 7724:Stephens, W. P. (1986), 7685:John Calvin: A Biography 7610:. Louisville, Kentucky: 7204:Swart, Ignatius (2012). 6529:McKinnon, A. M. (2010). 6476:The letter is quoted in 6377:David van Biema (2009). 5985:. Ccel.org. 21 July 2005 5927:. The Old High Churchman 5871:Every Woman a Theologian 5743:C. Scribner's & Sons 5686:"Theology and Communion" 4986:Wilson, Kenneth (2018). 4438:Hewett, Phillip (2004). 4240:"Baptists Are Different" 4004:Readings in Christianity 3899:Hägglund, Bengt (2007). 3764: 3317:Massachusetts Bay Colony 2105:Five Points of Calvinism 2099:Five Points of Calvinism 1994:Justification (theology) 1866:present in the Eucharist 1611:and the ministry of the 1549:Revelation and scripture 1093:as visible signs of the 593:Friedrich Schleiermacher 182:over disputes regarding 13119:New religious movements 12752:Theories about religion 12705:Evolutionary psychology 11734:Modern Finnish paganism 9679:Independent Catholicism 9268:Christianity portal 8427:Investiture Controversy 7911:excerpt and text search 7879:excerpt and text search 7874:Bratt, James D. (1984) 7493:Gäbler, Ulrich (1986), 7464:Guthrie, Shirlie C. Jr. 7305:Steinmetz, David Curtis 7177:Dromi, Shai M. (2020). 6942:; Rubel, David (2002). 6261:Russell Sage Foundation 6176:Oxford University Press 5967:Hubert Cunliffe-Jones, 5826:www.reformedbaptist.org 5737:Schaff, Philip (1898). 5662:Hodge, Charles (1871). 5639:Hodge, Charles (1871). 5499:Oxford University Press 5326:Document translated in 2860:theological determinism 2735:Evangelical Anglicanism 2670:United Church of Christ 2242:Protestant ecclesiology 1776:on the doctrine of the 1389:doctrine of the Trinity 1254:First English Civil War 985:to exclude Arminians. 951:Magisterial Reformation 326:Theology of John Calvin 178:were expelled from the 84:, is a major branch of 39:Theology of John Calvin 15619:Aimee Semple McPherson 15532:Seven Mountain Mandate 15272:Fourth Great Awakening 15255:Second Great Awakening 15113:Church of the Nazarene 13768:Bosnia and Herzegovina 11749:Erzyan native religion 11598:Unitarian Universalism 10977:Native American Church 9723:Oneness Pentecostalism 9219:Christian universalism 8610:Western Rite Orthodoxy 8455:Protestant Reformation 7834:Balserak, Jon (2017). 7408:DeVries, Dawn (2003). 5255:Sproul, R. C. (2016). 3778:Reformed Protestantism 3722:Christian universalism 3439:United Nations Charter 3272:. The Huguenots added 3187: 3161: 3154:Koudekerk aan den Rijn 3145: 3135:prince of Transylvania 3119: 2930: 2900: 2819:unconditional election 2798: 2764: 2680:in the United States, 2480: 2473: 2463: 2457: 2339: 2258: 2147:Unconditional election 2091:, David Migliore, and 2015: 1924:Christian views on sin 1917: 1753: 1725: 1683: 1576: 1515:, which includes some 1312:, some communities in 1297: 1262:Westminster Confession 1206:in 1563. This and the 1107:unconditional election 1050: 508:Johannes Oecolampadius 207:authority of the Bible 90:Protestant Reformation 74: 15680:Reformed Christianity 15578:Moody Bible Institute 15527:Red-Letter Christians 15267:Third Great Awakening 15250:First Great Awakening 15123:Free Methodist Church 15064:Restorationist Family 15054:Apostolic Pentecostal 15029:Assemblies of God USA 14855:Positive Christianity 14088:Saint Kitts and Nevis 13385:São Tomé and Príncipe 13245:Republic of the Congo 11446:Aboriginal Australian 10075:Chinese folk religion 8877:Anointing of the Sick 7612:Westminster John Knox 7590:A Life of John Calvin 7468:Always Being Reformed 7303:Bagchi, David V. N.; 7261:Clifton E. Olmstead, 7095:Clifton E. Olmstead, 6985:Clifton E. Olmstead, 6899:Clifton E. Olmstead, 6813:Avis, Paul David Loup 6117:James E. McGoldrick, 6099:Bratt, James (1984). 6048:The Plan of Salvation 5850:. Founders Ministries 5800:. 2006. p. 534. 4390:"The Reformed Church" 3659:Augustinian Calvinism 3458:Harriet Beecher Stowe 3223:, from 1628 to 1649. 3167: 3152:A Reformed church in 3151: 3125: 3113: 3093:Protestant work ethic 3053:Protestant work ethic 2970:and followers of the 2925: 2891:Dutch prime minister 2890: 2785: 2750: 2733:Further information: 2584:Dutch Reformed Church 2536:, but some adhere to 2333: 2305:or church tradition. 2249: 2005: 1802:social trinitarianism 1746:Shield of the Trinity 1743: 1675: 1628:Princeton theologians 1570: 1499:A 2011 report of the 1466:Huntingdon Connection 1291: 1229:by the queen regnant 1216:Dutch Reformed Church 1148:Peter Martyr Vermigli 1040: 963:Dutch Reformed Church 919:Reformed Christianity 518:Peter Martyr Vermigli 441:Westminster Standards 254:Reformed Christianity 219:ecclesiastical polity 190:, and from that time 180:Dutch Reformed Church 78:Reformed Christianity 49: 15487:Bapticostal movement 15401:Contemporary worship 15380:Second work of grace 15360:Evangelical theology 15225:Azusa Street Revival 13710:United Arab Emirates 12496:Religious experience 11870:Historical religions 10830:Four Mothers Society 10232:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương 9564:Schwenkfelder Church 9198:Nondenominationalism 9071:Role in civilization 8538:Independent Catholic 8480:Relations with Islam 8460:Catholic Reformation 7917:McNeill, John Thomas 7907:Calvinism: A History 7905:Hart, D. G. (2013). 7619:Montgomery, Daniel; 6998:Hans Fantel (1974), 6989:, pp. 74–76, 99–117. 6593:Rosenblum, Nancy L. 6178:. pp. 316–317. 6132:Duncan, J. Ligon III 6107:; original Eerdmans. 6012:Calvin and Calvinism 6004:Benjamin B. Warfield 5900:The Gospel Coalition 5512:Frame, John (1996). 4733:, p. 230 n. 28. 4363:, pp. 246–256; 4300:Lutheran Reformation 4238:Hart, D. G. (2018). 4085:Christian Cyclopedia 3940:MacCulloch, Diarmaid 3503:theology to justify 3497:Afrikaner Calvinists 3450:abolition of slavery 3301:separation of powers 3268:) in his concept of 3131:Hungarian Calvinists 3106:Politics and society 2580:Heidelberg Catechism 2576:Helvetic Confessions 2367:Presbyterian worship 1818:Christ and atonement 1559:Biblical inspiration 1448:, many of whom were 1294:Oude Kerk, Amsterdam 1256:, English and Scots 1204:Heidelberg Catechism 1043:St. Pierre Cathedral 955:Arminian Controversy 788:New England theology 773:Mercersburg theology 698:Continental Reformed 424:Heidelberg Catechism 414:Three Forms of Unity 404:Helvetic Confessions 363:Regulative principle 151:, Zwingli believing 147:on the topic of the 15512:Post-evangelicalism 15330:Biblical patriarchy 15320:Biblical literalism 15003:Presbyterian Family 14955:Missionary Baptists 14950:Independent Baptist 14823:Jehovah's Witnesses 14695:Spanish Adoptionism 14103:Trinidad and Tobago 13998:Antigua and Barbuda 13166:Religion by country 12222:Cult of Magna Mater 10702:Philippine Dayawism 10283:Nimbarka Sampradaya 10031:Chinese Manichaeism 9703:Jehovah's Witnesses 9508:Proto-Protestantism 9244:Unlimited atonement 9229:Cultural Christians 8668:Jehovah's Witnesses 8290:Sermon on the Mount 8219:Christian tradition 8146:Lists of Christians 8073:Robert Lewis Dabney 8013:. Scarecrow Press. 7788:. 1646 – via 7621:Jones, Timothy Paul 7586:McGrath, Alister E. 7564:, Zondervan Books, 7534:The Christian Faith 7377:Cross, Frank Leslie 7359:Calvin: A Biography 7327:"Reformed Identity" 7240:, pp. 124–126. 7144:Genfer Konventionen 7110:Kongregationalismus 7056:Middlekauff, Robert 7024:G. Müller-Schwefe, 6751:Heinrich Bornkamm, 6538:Sociological Theory 6444:on 11 October 2011. 6208:Clarkson, Frederick 6168:Juergensmeyer, Mark 6144:on 30 November 2012 6134:(15 October 1994). 5692:on 20 December 2013 5497:. London, England: 5364:Boettner, Loraine. 5227:Ligonier Ministries 5199:, pp. 229–230. 5187:, pp. 100–101. 4880:, pp. 298–299. 4793:, pp. 420–421. 4522:Global Christianity 4517:Pew Research Center 4470:on 19 February 2015 4396:on 22 February 2014 4367:, pp. 198–199. 4327:, pp. 131–132. 4080:"Reformed Churches" 4040:Historical Theology 3905:History of Theology 3859:Calvin, A Biography 3739:Free Grace theology 3564:Christianity portal 3454:William Wilberforce 3403:American Revolution 3399:Glorious Revolution 3345:freedom of religion 3160:in the 19th century 3114:The burning of the 2848:Particular Baptists 2287:marks of the Church 2226:Cleland Boyd McAfee 1898:Christians believe 1832:Extra calvinisticum 1732:God in Christianity 1452:who fought for the 1365:Counter Reformation 1171:Consensus Tigurinus 1115:Philipp Melanchthon 1113:and his successor, 1079:covenantal theology 1041:Calvin preached at 998:English Reformation 498:List of theologians 477:Systematic theology 15685:Calvinist theology 15335:Biblical womanhood 15325:Biblical inerrancy 15260:Cane Ridge Revival 15072:Churches of Christ 15021:Pentecostal Family 14390:Antidicomarianites 14038:Dominican Republic 13084:Abrahamic prophets 12173:Proto-Indo-Iranian 10675:Aliran Kepercayaan 9878:Non-denominational 9800:Modernist Salafism 9486:Oriental Orthodoxy 9089:Crusading movement 8357:Ante-Nicene period 7969:Muller, Richard A. 7643:Muller, Richard A. 7355:Calvin: Biographie 7265:, pp. 80, 89, 257. 7125:Wilhelm Dietrich, 6580:Schultz, Kevin M. 6353:Christianity Today 5472:on 20 January 2013 5281:Muller, Richard A. 5042:Muller, Richard A. 4940:, p. 156–157. 4417:Journal of Thought 4306:on 24 October 2020 3919:Muller, Richard A. 3901:Teologins Historia 3815:Christianity Today 3782:Reformed tradition 3530:Marilynne Robinson 3518:Harvard University 3510:Church and Society 3486:Geneva Conventions 3478:Red Cross Movement 3309:Congregationalists 3201:Congregationalists 3188: 3162: 3146: 3120: 2968:postmillennialists 2901: 2807:Christ's atonement 2799: 2711:believer's baptism 2617:Church of Scotland 2574:. Many uphold the 2568:continental Europe 2419:Congregationalists 2363:exclusive psalmody 2340: 2259: 2206:doctrines of grace 2161:Irresistible grace 2016: 1946:Augustine of Hippo 1754: 1684: 1656:Confession of 1967 1650:, is found in the 1577: 1555:General revelation 1306:Church of Scotland 1298: 1227:Kingdom of Navarre 1223:William the Silent 1185:Formula of Concord 1136:Heinrich Bullinger 1101:. Each understood 1067:John Oecolampadius 1051: 973:, and thenceforth 803:Princeton theology 643:H. Richard Niebuhr 553:Franciscus Gomarus 523:Heinrich Bullinger 463:Barmen Declaration 211:sovereignty of God 129:foundational event 75: 15667: 15666: 15355:Decision theology 15350:Christian Zionism 15315:Believers' Church 15213: 15212: 15138:Keswickian Family 15039:Foursquare Church 14965:Free Will Baptist 14888: 14887: 14728:Consubstantiation 14308: 14307: 14276: 14275: 14272: 14271: 13260:Equatorial Guinea 13156: 13155: 13152: 13151: 12690:Cognitive science 12309: 12308: 12242:Mysteries of Isis 12016:Frankish paganism 11859: 11858: 11855: 11854: 11851: 11850: 11603:White Brotherhood 11469: 11468: 11434: 11433: 10835:Keetoowah Society 10736:Sundanese Wiwitan 10553: 10552: 10549: 10548: 10278:Brahma Sampradaya 10240: 10239: 10043: 10042: 10039: 10038: 10021:Assianism/Uatsdin 9939: 9938: 9708:British Israelism 9694:Nontrinitarianism 9657:Plymouth Brethren 9652:Nondenominational 9586:Congregationalism 9474:Eastern Orthodoxy 9422:Reconstructionist 9286: 9285: 9252: 9251: 9180:Charta Oecumenica 8690: 8689: 8680:Iglesia ni Cristo 8495: 8494: 8475:French Revolution 8465:Thirty Years' War 8337:Apostolic fathers 8305:Great Commandment 8039:978-0-664-50248-5 8020:978-0-8108-7224-0 8001:978-0-19-515701-7 7982:978-0-19-515168-8 7960:978-0-8042-0479-8 7934:978-0-19-500743-5 7898:978-0-300-11192-7 7867:978-0-300-10507-0 7845:978-0-19-875371-1 7826:978-0-8028-4776-8 7775:. Waxmann Verlag. 7756:Stroup, George W. 7744:Stroup, George W. 7717:978-0-521-01672-8 7694:978-0-7459-5228-4 7656:978-0-521-77662-2 7634:978-0-310-51389-6 7571:978-0-310-32465-2 7547:978-0-310-28604-2 7522:978-0-521-01672-8 7486:978-0-521-01672-8 7427:978-0-8028-4776-8 7400:978-0-19-280290-3 7295:978-0-567-03430-4 7282:Reformed Theology 7217:978-1-920338-68-8 7190:978-0-226-68010-1 7142:Ulrich Scheuner, 7069:978-0-19-531588-2 6828:978-0-567-08745-4 6740:Leben des Galilei 6718:H. Knittermeyer, 6665:978-0-19-530092-5 6620:978-0-87451-808-5 6458:(15 March 2009). 6270:978-0-87154-068-3 6233:978-0-89608-523-7 6193:978-0-19-975999-6 5880:978-0-7852-9222-7 5807:978-1-57607-678-1 5775:978-0-8078-4492-2 5712:"Member Churches" 5329:De Jong, Peter Y. 5266:978-0-8010-1846-6 5211:, pp. 47–49. 5080:, pp. 77–78. 5013:, pp. 71–72. 4997:978-3-16-155753-8 4904:, pp. 65–66. 4856:, pp. 32–33. 4844:, pp. 61–62. 4829:, pp. 57–58. 4757:, pp. 41–42. 4721:, pp. 34–35. 4643:, pp. 24–25. 4631:, pp. 22–23. 4619:, pp. 18–20. 4449:978-0-9725017-5-0 4261:978-3-319-95191-1 4244:On Being Reformed 4204:978-3-319-95191-1 4169:978-0-19-155985-3 4013:978-1-305-14304-3 3869:978-0-567-53035-6 3727:Eastern Orthodoxy 3395:English Civil War 3270:church government 3191:including French 3083:evolved when the 3041:covenant theology 2976:Cornelius Van Til 2698:Reformed Baptists 2658:Savoy Declaration 2650:Church of England 2640:Congregationalism 2526:church government 2515:Congregationalist 2511:Reformed Anglican 2471:(from the Latin: 2469:infralapsarianism 2449:supralapsarianism 2299:church discipline 2202: 2201: 2154:Limited atonement 1806:Barmen Confession 1689:covenant theology 1668:Covenant theology 1662:Covenant theology 1488:there are 20,000 1412:Thirteen Colonies 1377:Stranger's Church 1342:Zacharias Ursinus 1208:Belgic Confession 1144:Wolfgang Musculus 1095:covenant of grace 1069:(1482–1531), and 1013:Reformed Baptists 994:Church of England 904: 903: 673:Donald G. Bloesch 653:Cornelius Van Til 568:Samuel Rutherford 538:Zacharias Ursinus 419:Belgic Confession 409:French Confession 331:Covenant theology 215:covenant theology 16:(Redirected from 15697: 15659:Jonathan Edwards 15603:Youth for Christ 15497:Evangelical left 15370:Kingdom theology 15174:Adventist Family 14933: 14932: 14915: 14908: 14901: 14892: 14891: 14878: 14877: 14860:Reincarnationism 14600: 14583:Subordinationism 14568:Pneumatomachians 14499:Melchisedechians 14335: 14328: 14321: 14312: 14311: 14298: 14288: 14287: 14166:Papua New Guinea 14141:Marshall Islands 13968:Northern Ireland 13173: 13172: 13162: 13161: 13046:Secular theology 13041:Secular humanism 12326: 12325: 12315: 12314: 12190:Ancestral Pueblo 11865: 11864: 11484: 11483: 11161: 11160: 10564: 10563: 10320:Shaiva Siddhanta 10251: 10250: 10184:Korean shamanism 10063: 10062: 10054: 10053: 9950: 9949: 9863:Mahdawi movement 9733:Swedenborgianism 9713:Christadelphians 9359: 9358: 9350: 9349: 9341: 9340: 9328: 9327: 9313: 9306: 9299: 9290: 9289: 9276: 9275: 9266: 9265: 9109:Environmentalism 9059:Church buildings 8961: 8960: 8776:Eastern Orthodox 8771:Eastern Catholic 8683: 8682: 8650:Eastern Catholic 8628:Eastern Orthodox 8516: 8515: 8437:Age of Discovery 8422:East–West Schism 8320:Great Commission 8251: 8250: 8103: 8096: 8089: 8080: 8079: 8043: 8032:. Geneva Press. 8024: 8005: 7986: 7964: 7952: 7938: 7926: 7902: 7871: 7854:Benedict, Philip 7849: 7830: 7793: 7787: 7776: 7767: 7751: 7738: 7720: 7697: 7679: 7674:. 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Archived from 6374: 6365: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6343: 6334: 6333: 6325: 6319: 6318: 6285: 6279: 6278: 6248: 6242: 6241: 6204: 6198: 6197: 6164:Ingersoll, Julie 6160: 6154: 6153: 6151: 6149: 6128: 6122: 6115: 6109: 6108: 6096: 6090: 6089: 6083: 6073: 6067: 6057: 6051: 6041: 6035: 6025: 6019: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5979: 5973: 5965: 5959: 5955: 5949: 5943: 5937: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5920: 5911: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5891: 5885: 5884: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5818: 5812: 5811: 5790: 5784: 5783: 5763: 5753: 5747: 5746: 5734: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5718:on 12 April 2014 5708: 5702: 5701: 5699: 5697: 5682: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5659: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5636: 5630: 5620: 5614: 5613: 5607: 5597: 5591: 5590: 5584: 5574: 5568: 5558: 5549: 5539: 5530: 5529: 5509: 5503: 5502: 5488: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5468:. 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Archived from 4581: 4575: 4574: 4568: 4560: 4553: 4544: 4543: 4542: 4540: 4534: 4527: 4513: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4486: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4475: 4460: 4454: 4453: 4435: 4429: 4428: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4386: 4380: 4374: 4368: 4358: 4352: 4346: 4340: 4334: 4328: 4322: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4292: 4286: 4285: 4279: 4275: 4273: 4265: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4222: 4218: 4216: 4208: 4180: 4174: 4173: 4155: 4149: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4139: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4117: 4115: 4100: 4094: 4093: 4076: 4070: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4035:McGrath, Alister 4031: 4025: 4024: 3999: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3969: 3968: 3956: 3950: 3949: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3927: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3896: 3890: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3853: 3847: 3841: 3832: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3805: 3789: 3774: 3647:Boere-Afrikaners 3580: 3575: 3574: 3566: 3561: 3560: 3552: 3547: 3546: 3411:James Harrington 3384: 3381: 3377: 3369: 3365: 3297:mixed government 3186: 3183: 3143: 3142: 1605–1606 3141: 3116:Guernsey Martyrs 2871:Larger Catechism 2742:presiding bishop 2519:Reformed Baptist 2483: 2476: 2466: 2460: 2353:Ten Commandments 2315:Reformed worship 2295:Scots Confession 2263:Christian Church 2194: 2187: 2180: 2129: 2109: 2108: 2079:view that God's 1840:Threefold office 1828:Hypostatic union 1571:The seal of the 1534:Church of Tuvalu 1405:Synod of Uppsala 1385:Piotr of Goniądz 1154:(1511–1564) and 1152:Andreas Hyperius 1121:, also known as 1055:Huldrych Zwingli 959:Jacobus Arminius 935:Marburg Colloquy 927:Huldrych Zwingli 896: 889: 882: 868: 867: 725:Reformed Baptist 648:Reinhold Niebuhr 588:Jonathan Edwards 578:Francis Turretin 503:Huldrych Zwingli 482:Metrical psalter 436:Scots Confession 267:Reformation Wall 264: 241: 240: 172:Jacobus Arminius 137:Huldrych Zwingli 68:Reformation Wall 21: 15705: 15704: 15700: 15699: 15698: 15696: 15695: 15694: 15670: 15669: 15668: 15663: 15649:Franklin Graham 15644:Dwight L. Moody 15607: 15593:Promise Keepers 15541: 15470: 15444: 15440:Sinner's prayer 15423:Revival meeting 15413:Mourner's bench 15384: 15305:Baptism by fire 15293: 15289:Revival of 1800 15279:Healing revival 15245:Great Awakening 15209: 15186: 15168: 15156:Reformed Family 15150: 15132: 15118:Wesleyan Church 15105:Holiness Family 15099: 15081: 15058: 15015: 14997: 14980:Lutheran Family 14974: 14924: 14919: 14889: 14884: 14872: 14864: 14789: 14715:Early modernity 14709: 14601: 14592: 14561:Semipelagianism 14551:Patripassianism 14349: 14339: 14309: 14304: 14268: 14195: 14176:Solomon Islands 14112: 13984: 13888:North Macedonia 13729: 13454: 13167: 13148: 13109:Mass gatherings 13077: 13072: 13065: 13004: 12999: 12990: 12924:Religiocentrism 12904:National church 12772: 12769: 12761: 12676: 12669: 12606: 12528:Bodies of water 12320: 12305: 12090:Jamaican Maroon 11872: 11847: 11784: 11614: 11607: 11478: 11476: 11465: 11430: 11404:Trinidad Orisha 11189: 11182: 11155: 11148: 11075: 11038: 11024:Washat Dreamers 10747: 10740: 10636: 10618: 10545: 10519:Srilankan Vedda 10470: 10398: 10273:Sri Vaishnavism 10236: 10198: 10170: 10128: 10035: 10009: 9976: 9935: 9889: 9814:Twelver Shi'ism 9756: 9618:Neo-charismatic 9591:Presbyterianism 9443: 9335: 9322: 9317: 9287: 9282: 9260: 9248: 9202: 9157: 9075: 8956: 8950: 8905: 8830:One true church 8686: 8654: 8614: 8503: 8491: 8441: 8398: 8343: 8270:in Christianity 8256: 8242: 8236: 8228: 8187: 8163: 8155: 8112: 8107: 8050: 8040: 8021: 8002: 7983: 7961: 7935: 7899: 7868: 7846: 7827: 7815:, eds. (2003). 7813:Welker, Michael 7807: 7801: 7799:Further reading 7796: 7760:Welker, Michael 7748:Reformed Reader 7736: 7718: 7695: 7678:on 1 July 2015. 7657: 7635: 7600: 7576: 7574: 7572: 7556:Horton, Michael 7548: 7530:Horton, Michael 7523: 7505: 7487: 7456: 7428: 7414:Welker, Michael 7401: 7369: 7343: 7341: 7329: 7319: 7307:, eds. (2004), 7296: 7275: 7270: 7269: 7260: 7256: 7248: 7244: 7236: 7232: 7222: 7220: 7218: 7202: 7198: 7191: 7175: 7171: 7158: 7154: 7141: 7137: 7124: 7120: 7107: 7103: 7094: 7090: 7081: 7077: 7070: 7053: 7049: 7040: 7036: 7023: 7019: 7010: 7006: 6997: 6993: 6984: 6980: 6975: 6971: 6964: 6937: 6933: 6923: 6921: 6912: 6911: 6907: 6898: 6894: 6881: 6877: 6868: 6864: 6851: 6847: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6810: 6806: 6797: 6793: 6784: 6780: 6767: 6763: 6750: 6746: 6734: 6730: 6717: 6713: 6704: 6700: 6690:Descartes, René 6687: 6683: 6670: 6668: 6666: 6644: 6640: 6630: 6628: 6621: 6605: 6601: 6592: 6588: 6579: 6575: 6533: 6527: 6523: 6516: 6501: 6497: 6490: 6475: 6471: 6466:on 1 July 2015. 6456:Clark, R. Scott 6453: 6449: 6434: 6430: 6420: 6418: 6406: 6402: 6392: 6390: 6375: 6368: 6358: 6356: 6344: 6337: 6326: 6322: 6286: 6282: 6271: 6263:. p. 180. 6249: 6245: 6234: 6224:South End Press 6205: 6201: 6194: 6161: 6157: 6147: 6145: 6129: 6125: 6116: 6112: 6097: 6093: 6075: 6074: 6070: 6058: 6054: 6044:Warfield, B. B. 6042: 6038: 6026: 6022: 6002: 5998: 5988: 5986: 5981: 5980: 5976: 5966: 5962: 5956: 5952: 5944: 5940: 5930: 5928: 5921: 5914: 5904: 5902: 5892: 5888: 5881: 5867: 5863: 5853: 5851: 5844: 5840: 5830: 5828: 5820: 5819: 5815: 5808: 5792: 5791: 5787: 5776: 5754: 5750: 5735: 5731: 5721: 5719: 5710: 5709: 5705: 5695: 5693: 5684: 5683: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5660: 5656: 5646: 5644: 5637: 5633: 5621: 5617: 5599: 5598: 5594: 5576: 5575: 5571: 5559: 5552: 5540: 5533: 5526: 5510: 5506: 5489: 5485: 5475: 5473: 5462: 5458: 5448: 5446: 5431: 5422: 5414: 5407: 5399: 5395: 5381: 5379: 5375: 5368: 5362: 5358: 5350:The New Outlook 5344: 5340: 5325: 5321: 5311: 5296: 5278: 5274: 5267: 5253: 5249: 5236: 5234: 5219: 5215: 5207: 5203: 5195: 5191: 5183: 5179: 5169: 5167: 5166:on 1 April 2019 5151: 5147: 5139: 5135: 5127: 5123: 5115: 5111: 5103: 5099: 5091: 5084: 5076: 5069: 5061: 5057: 5039: 5035: 5021: 5017: 5009: 5005: 4998: 4984: 4980: 4972: 4968: 4960: 4956: 4948: 4944: 4936: 4932: 4924: 4920: 4912: 4908: 4900: 4896: 4888: 4884: 4876: 4872: 4864: 4860: 4852: 4848: 4840: 4833: 4825: 4821: 4813: 4809: 4801: 4797: 4789: 4785: 4777: 4773: 4765: 4761: 4753: 4749: 4741: 4737: 4729: 4725: 4717: 4710: 4702: 4698: 4690: 4686: 4678: 4671: 4663: 4659: 4651: 4647: 4639: 4635: 4627: 4623: 4615: 4611: 4598: 4596: 4583: 4582: 4578: 4562: 4561: 4555: 4554: 4547: 4538: 4536: 4535:on 23 July 2013 4532: 4525: 4514: 4510: 4500: 4498: 4487: 4483: 4473: 4471: 4462: 4461: 4457: 4450: 4436: 4432: 4413: 4409: 4399: 4397: 4388: 4387: 4383: 4375: 4371: 4359: 4355: 4347: 4343: 4335: 4331: 4323: 4319: 4309: 4307: 4294: 4293: 4289: 4277: 4276: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4236: 4232: 4220: 4219: 4210: 4209: 4205: 4181: 4177: 4170: 4156: 4152: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4131: 4127: 4113: 4111: 4101: 4097: 4078: 4077: 4073: 4067:MacCulloch 2005 4065: 4061: 4055: 4032: 4028: 4014: 4000: 3996: 3990:MacCulloch 2005 3988: 3984: 3978:MacCulloch 2005 3976: 3972: 3957: 3953: 3937: 3933: 3925: 3916: 3912: 3897: 3893: 3889:, pp. 3–4. 3885: 3881: 3870: 3854: 3850: 3842: 3835: 3825: 3823: 3806: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3701: 3643:Boer Calvinists 3639: 3622: 3578:Religion portal 3576: 3569: 3562: 3555: 3548: 3541: 3538: 3526:Hans Rookmaaker 3522:Yale University 3464:, and others), 3462:Abraham Lincoln 3429:and (American) 3415:Algernon Sidney 3382: 3313:Plymouth Colony 3290:Anglican Church 3184: 3138: 3127:Stephen Bocskai 3108: 3081:Northern Europe 3055: 3049: 3037:confessionalism 3033:continuationism 2994: 2988: 2960:Christian Right 2956:R. J. Rushdoony 2944: 2938: 2885: 2879: 2844: 2842:Hyper-Calvinism 2838: 2836:Hyper-Calvinism 2815:faith in Christ 2780: 2774: 2769: 2737: 2731: 2700: 2694: 2642: 2636: 2598: 2596:Presbyterianism 2592: 2564: 2558: 2499: 2445: 2439: 2406: 2392: 2328: 2322: 2317: 2311: 2244: 2238: 2198: 2140:Total depravity 2116: 2107: 2101: 2093:Shirley Guthrie 2089:Jürgen Moltmann 2064: 2058: 2026:is sufficient. 2000: 1986: 1962:total depravity 1934: 1928:Total depravity 1920: 1842: 1820: 1762:Shirley Guthrie 1758:doctrine of God 1738: 1728: 1704:forbidden fruit 1670: 1664: 1565: 1551: 1546: 1517:United Churches 1494:Presbyterianism 1450:Black Loyalists 1420:Pilgrim Fathers 1416:British America 1381:Polish Brethren 1316:, and parts of 1286: 1231:Jeanne d'Albret 1071:Guillaume Farel 1063:Wolfgang Capito 1035: 1029: 957:, followers of 900: 862: 848: 847: 823: 813: 812: 768:Marrow Brethren 743: 735: 734: 693: 683: 682: 663:Jürgen Moltmann 548:William Perkins 495: 487: 486: 386: 378: 377: 321: 313: 312: 293: 285: 239: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 15703: 15693: 15692: 15690:Trinitarianism 15687: 15682: 15665: 15664: 15662: 15661: 15656: 15651: 15646: 15641: 15636: 15634:C. I. Scofield 15631: 15626: 15621: 15615: 15613: 15609: 15608: 15606: 15605: 15600: 15595: 15590: 15585: 15580: 15575: 15570: 15565: 15560: 15555: 15549: 15547: 15543: 15542: 15540: 15539: 15534: 15529: 15524: 15519: 15514: 15509: 15507:Jesus movement 15504: 15499: 15494: 15489: 15484: 15478: 15476: 15472: 15471: 15469: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15452: 15450: 15446: 15445: 15443: 15442: 15437: 15436: 15435: 15430: 15420: 15418:Prayer warrior 15415: 15410: 15409: 15408: 15398: 15392: 15390: 15386: 15385: 15383: 15382: 15377: 15372: 15367: 15362: 15357: 15352: 15347: 15342: 15337: 15332: 15327: 15322: 15317: 15312: 15307: 15301: 15299: 15295: 15294: 15292: 15291: 15286: 15281: 15276: 15275: 15274: 15269: 15264: 15263: 15262: 15252: 15242: 15237: 15232: 15227: 15221: 15219: 15215: 15214: 15211: 15210: 15208: 15207: 15202: 15196: 15194: 15188: 15187: 15185: 15184: 15178: 15176: 15170: 15169: 15167: 15166: 15160: 15158: 15152: 15151: 15149: 15148: 15142: 15140: 15134: 15133: 15131: 15130: 15125: 15120: 15115: 15109: 15107: 15101: 15100: 15098: 15097: 15091: 15089: 15083: 15082: 15080: 15079: 15074: 15068: 15066: 15060: 15059: 15057: 15056: 15051: 15046: 15041: 15036: 15031: 15025: 15023: 15017: 15016: 15014: 15013: 15007: 15005: 14999: 14998: 14996: 14995: 14990: 14984: 14982: 14976: 14975: 14973: 14972: 14967: 14962: 14957: 14952: 14947: 14941: 14939: 14937:Baptist Family 14930: 14926: 14925: 14918: 14917: 14910: 14903: 14895: 14886: 14885: 14883: 14882: 14869: 14866: 14865: 14863: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14851: 14850: 14845: 14835: 14830: 14825: 14820: 14818:Indifferentism 14815: 14810: 14805: 14799: 14797: 14791: 14790: 14788: 14787: 14782: 14781: 14780: 14775: 14770: 14765: 14755: 14750: 14745: 14740: 14735: 14730: 14725: 14719: 14717: 14711: 14710: 14708: 14707: 14702: 14697: 14692: 14687: 14682: 14677: 14672: 14667: 14662: 14657: 14652: 14647: 14642: 14637: 14632: 14627: 14625:Bosnian Church 14622: 14617: 14611: 14609: 14603: 14602: 14595: 14593: 14591: 14590: 14588:Valentinianism 14585: 14580: 14575: 14573:Psilanthropism 14570: 14565: 14564: 14563: 14553: 14548: 14543: 14538: 14533: 14528: 14523: 14522: 14521: 14516: 14506: 14501: 14496: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14476: 14475: 14474: 14472:Valentinianism 14469: 14464: 14459: 14454: 14452:Priscillianism 14449: 14444: 14434: 14429: 14424: 14419: 14417:Collyridianism 14414: 14413: 14412: 14410:Circumcellions 14402: 14397: 14392: 14387: 14386: 14385: 14380: 14370: 14365: 14359: 14357: 14351: 14350: 14338: 14337: 14330: 14323: 14315: 14306: 14305: 14303: 14302: 14292: 14281: 14278: 14277: 14274: 14273: 14270: 14269: 14267: 14266: 14261: 14256: 14251: 14246: 14241: 14236: 14231: 14226: 14221: 14216: 14211: 14205: 14203: 14197: 14196: 14194: 14193: 14188: 14183: 14178: 14173: 14168: 14163: 14158: 14153: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14122: 14120: 14114: 14113: 14111: 14110: 14105: 14100: 14095: 14090: 14085: 14080: 14075: 14070: 14065: 14060: 14055: 14050: 14045: 14040: 14035: 14030: 14025: 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13994: 13992: 13986: 13985: 13983: 13982: 13981: 13980: 13975: 13970: 13965: 13958:United Kingdom 13955: 13950: 13945: 13940: 13935: 13930: 13925: 13920: 13915: 13910: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13880: 13875: 13870: 13865: 13860: 13855: 13850: 13845: 13840: 13835: 13830: 13825: 13820: 13815: 13810: 13805: 13800: 13795: 13790: 13785: 13780: 13775: 13770: 13765: 13760: 13755: 13750: 13745: 13739: 13737: 13731: 13730: 13728: 13727: 13722: 13717: 13712: 13707: 13702: 13697: 13692: 13687: 13682: 13677: 13672: 13667: 13662: 13657: 13652: 13647: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13612: 13607: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13587: 13586: 13585: 13580: 13570: 13565: 13560: 13555: 13550: 13545: 13540: 13535: 13530: 13525: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13505: 13500: 13495: 13490: 13485: 13480: 13475: 13470: 13464: 13462: 13456: 13455: 13453: 13452: 13447: 13442: 13437: 13432: 13427: 13422: 13417: 13412: 13407: 13402: 13397: 13392: 13387: 13382: 13377: 13372: 13367: 13362: 13357: 13352: 13347: 13342: 13337: 13332: 13327: 13322: 13317: 13312: 13307: 13302: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13227: 13222: 13217: 13212: 13207: 13202: 13197: 13192: 13187: 13181: 13179: 13169: 13168: 13158: 13157: 13154: 13153: 13150: 13149: 13147: 13146: 13141: 13136: 13131: 13126: 13121: 13116: 13111: 13106: 13101: 13096: 13091: 13086: 13080: 13078: 13070: 13067: 13066: 13064: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13051:Secularization 13048: 13043: 13038: 13033: 13031:Deconstruction 13028: 13023: 13018: 13013: 13007: 13005: 12995: 12992: 12991: 12989: 12988: 12983: 12982: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12906: 12901: 12896: 12891: 12886: 12881: 12879:Fundamentalism 12876: 12875: 12874: 12869: 12864: 12859: 12849: 12844: 12839: 12834: 12833: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12812: 12811: 12810: 12805: 12800: 12786: 12781: 12775: 12773: 12766: 12763: 12762: 12760: 12759: 12754: 12749: 12744: 12743: 12742: 12732: 12727: 12722: 12717: 12712: 12707: 12702: 12697: 12692: 12687: 12681: 12679: 12671: 12670: 12668: 12667: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12647: 12642: 12637: 12632: 12627: 12622: 12616: 12614: 12608: 12607: 12605: 12604: 12603: 12602: 12597: 12592: 12582: 12577: 12572: 12567: 12562: 12557: 12552: 12547: 12546: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12520: 12519: 12518: 12513: 12508: 12498: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12468: 12463: 12458: 12453: 12452: 12451: 12446: 12441: 12431: 12426: 12421: 12416: 12411: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12391: 12386: 12381: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12357: 12355:Call to prayer 12352: 12347: 12342: 12340:Disaffiliation 12332: 12330: 12322: 12321: 12311: 12310: 12307: 12306: 12304: 12303: 12298: 12293: 12288: 12283: 12278: 12273: 12268: 12267: 12266: 12261: 12256: 12246: 12245: 12244: 12239: 12234: 12229: 12224: 12214: 12209: 12208: 12207: 12202: 12197: 12187: 12186: 12185: 12180: 12170: 12169: 12168: 12163: 12158: 12153: 12143: 12138: 12137: 12136: 12126: 12125: 12124: 12119: 12109: 12104: 12103: 12102: 12092: 12087: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12057: 12056: 12055: 12050: 12045: 12040: 12038:Greco-Buddhism 12035: 12025: 12024: 12023: 12018: 12013: 12008: 11998: 11993: 11992: 11991: 11981: 11976: 11971: 11970: 11969: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11948: 11947: 11942: 11932: 11927: 11926: 11925: 11920: 11915: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11889: 11888: 11877: 11874: 11873: 11861: 11860: 11857: 11856: 11853: 11852: 11849: 11848: 11846: 11845: 11844: 11843: 11833: 11828: 11823: 11818: 11813: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11792: 11790: 11786: 11785: 11783: 11782: 11781: 11780: 11768: 11763: 11762: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11681: 11680: 11679: 11669: 11668: 11667: 11662: 11652: 11651: 11650: 11645: 11635: 11630: 11629: 11628: 11619: 11617: 11609: 11608: 11606: 11605: 11600: 11595: 11590: 11589: 11588: 11583: 11573: 11568: 11563: 11558: 11553: 11552: 11551: 11541: 11536: 11531: 11526: 11521: 11516: 11511: 11506: 11501: 11496: 11490: 11488: 11481: 11471: 11470: 11467: 11466: 11464: 11463: 11458: 11453: 11448: 11442: 11440: 11436: 11435: 11432: 11431: 11429: 11428: 11427: 11426: 11421: 11416: 11411: 11406: 11401: 11399:Tambor de Mina 11396: 11391: 11386: 11381: 11376: 11371: 11366: 11361: 11356: 11355: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11325: 11324: 11323: 11322: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11297: 11292: 11287: 11282: 11277: 11272: 11267: 11262: 11257: 11252: 11247: 11242: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11226: 11225: 11220: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11194: 11192: 11184: 11183: 11181: 11180: 11179: 11178: 11176:Guanche church 11167: 11165: 11158: 11150: 11149: 11147: 11146: 11141: 11136: 11131: 11126: 11121: 11116: 11111: 11106: 11101: 11096: 11091: 11085: 11083: 11081:Tibeto-Burmese 11077: 11076: 11074: 11073: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11052: 11050: 11040: 11039: 11037: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11010: 11009: 11004: 10994: 10989: 10987:Nuu-chah-nulth 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10968: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10952: 10942: 10937: 10932: 10931: 10930: 10920: 10915: 10910: 10909: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10896:Muscogee Creek 10893: 10888: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10838: 10837: 10832: 10822: 10821: 10820: 10815: 10810: 10805: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10784: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10763: 10758: 10752: 10750: 10742: 10741: 10739: 10738: 10733: 10731:Sumbese Marapu 10728: 10727: 10726: 10721: 10711: 10710: 10709: 10699: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10683: 10682: 10677: 10669: 10668: 10667: 10662: 10652: 10650:Batak Parmalim 10646: 10644: 10638: 10637: 10635: 10634: 10628: 10626: 10620: 10619: 10617: 10616: 10615: 10614: 10609: 10599: 10598: 10597: 10592: 10587: 10572: 10570: 10561: 10555: 10554: 10551: 10550: 10547: 10546: 10544: 10543: 10542: 10541: 10536: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10505: 10504: 10499: 10489: 10484: 10478: 10476: 10472: 10471: 10469: 10468: 10461: 10456: 10455: 10454: 10444: 10443: 10442: 10437: 10432: 10414: 10408: 10406: 10400: 10399: 10397: 10396: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10358: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10327: 10322: 10312: 10311: 10310: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10259: 10257: 10248: 10242: 10241: 10238: 10237: 10235: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10208: 10206: 10200: 10199: 10197: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10180: 10178: 10172: 10171: 10169: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10138: 10136: 10130: 10129: 10127: 10126: 10125: 10124: 10119: 10109: 10108: 10107: 10102: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10071: 10069: 10060: 10051: 10045: 10044: 10041: 10040: 10037: 10036: 10034: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10017: 10015: 10011: 10010: 10008: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9986: 9984: 9978: 9977: 9975: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9962:Ilm-e-Khshnoom 9958: 9956: 9947: 9941: 9940: 9937: 9936: 9934: 9933: 9928: 9923: 9918: 9913: 9908: 9903: 9897: 9895: 9891: 9890: 9888: 9887: 9880: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9849: 9848: 9838: 9833: 9832: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9806: 9805: 9804: 9803: 9802: 9797: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9766: 9764: 9758: 9757: 9755: 9754: 9747: 9746: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9699:Bible Students 9691: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9669:Restorationism 9666: 9665: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9648: 9647: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9625:Evangelicalism 9622: 9621: 9620: 9615: 9610: 9600: 9599: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9567: 9566: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9536: 9526: 9525: 9524: 9519: 9505: 9504: 9503: 9498: 9488: 9483: 9482: 9481: 9471: 9470: 9469: 9464: 9453: 9451: 9445: 9444: 9442: 9441: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9398: 9397: 9396: 9395: 9385: 9384: 9383: 9367: 9365: 9356: 9347: 9337: 9336: 9324: 9323: 9316: 9315: 9308: 9301: 9293: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9280: 9270: 9257: 9254: 9253: 9250: 9249: 9247: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9210: 9208: 9204: 9203: 9201: 9200: 9195: 9194: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9171: 9165: 9163: 9159: 9158: 9156: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9140: 9135: 9126: 9121: 9119:Fundamentalism 9116: 9114:Existentialism 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9085: 9083: 9077: 9076: 9074: 9073: 9068: 9067: 9066: 9056: 9051: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9025: 9024: 9014: 9013: 9012: 9007: 9005:God the Father 9002: 8997: 8992: 8982: 8981: 8980: 8969: 8967: 8958: 8952: 8951: 8949: 8948: 8943: 8938: 8937: 8936: 8926: 8921: 8915: 8913: 8907: 8906: 8904: 8903: 8902: 8901: 8891: 8886: 8885: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8844: 8843: 8842: 8837: 8832: 8827: 8825:Body of Christ 8822: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8801: 8800: 8790: 8785: 8784: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8727: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8700: 8698: 8692: 8691: 8688: 8687: 8685: 8684: 8675: 8670: 8664: 8662: 8660:Restorationist 8656: 8655: 8653: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8624: 8622: 8616: 8615: 8613: 8612: 8607: 8606: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8550: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8524: 8522: 8513: 8497: 8496: 8493: 8492: 8490: 8489: 8488: 8487: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8451: 8449: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8439: 8434: 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8408: 8406: 8400: 8399: 8397: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8385: 8384: 8379: 8369: 8364: 8362:Late antiquity 8359: 8353: 8351: 8345: 8344: 8342: 8341: 8340: 8339: 8332:Church fathers 8329: 8324: 8323: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8261: 8259: 8248: 8230: 8229: 8227: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8195: 8193: 8189: 8188: 8186: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8169: 8167: 8157: 8156: 8154: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8117: 8114: 8113: 8106: 8105: 8098: 8091: 8083: 8077: 8076: 8066: 8049: 8048:External links 8046: 8045: 8044: 8038: 8025: 8019: 8006: 8000: 7987: 7981: 7965: 7959: 7943:Leith, John H. 7939: 7933: 7913: 7903: 7897: 7881: 7872: 7866: 7850: 7844: 7831: 7825: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7794: 7777: 7768: 7752: 7740: 7734: 7721: 7716: 7699: 7693: 7680: 7661: 7655: 7639: 7633: 7616: 7603: 7598: 7582: 7570: 7552: 7546: 7526: 7521: 7508: 7503: 7490: 7485: 7472: 7460: 7454: 7441: 7432: 7426: 7405: 7399: 7373: 7367: 7350: 7334:Reformed World 7322: 7317: 7300: 7294: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7268: 7267: 7254: 7252:, p. 131. 7242: 7230: 7216: 7196: 7189: 7169: 7152: 7135: 7118: 7101: 7099:, pp. 353–375. 7088: 7075: 7068: 7047: 7034: 7017: 7004: 6991: 6978: 6969: 6962: 6931: 6905: 6892: 6875: 6862: 6845: 6827: 6804: 6791: 6778: 6761: 6744: 6736:Bertolt Brecht 6728: 6711: 6698: 6681: 6664: 6638: 6619: 6599: 6586: 6573: 6544:(1): 108–126. 6521: 6514: 6495: 6488: 6469: 6447: 6428: 6400: 6366: 6335: 6320: 6301:(2): 399–437. 6294:Church History 6289:Worthen, Molly 6280: 6269: 6243: 6232: 6226:. p. 73. 6199: 6192: 6155: 6123: 6110: 6105:Wipf and Stock 6091: 6068: 6052: 6036: 6028:Michael Horton 6020: 6018:, pp. 138–144. 5996: 5974: 5960: 5950: 5948:, p. 751. 5938: 5912: 5886: 5879: 5861: 5838: 5813: 5806: 5785: 5781:congregations. 5774: 5748: 5745:. p. 222. 5729: 5703: 5677: 5654: 5631: 5615: 5592: 5569: 5550: 5531: 5524: 5504: 5483: 5456: 5420: 5418:, p. 126. 5405: 5403:, p. 125. 5393: 5378:on 27 May 2014 5356: 5353:. p. 104. 5338: 5319: 5317: 5316: 5272: 5265: 5247: 5213: 5201: 5189: 5177: 5145: 5133: 5121: 5119:, p. 113. 5109: 5097: 5095:, p. 114. 5082: 5067: 5055: 5050:Baker Academic 5033: 5015: 5003: 4996: 4978: 4966: 4954: 4952:, p. 164. 4942: 4930: 4918: 4916:, p. 142. 4906: 4894: 4882: 4870: 4858: 4846: 4831: 4819: 4807: 4795: 4783: 4771: 4759: 4747: 4735: 4723: 4708: 4696: 4684: 4669: 4657: 4645: 4633: 4621: 4609: 4595:on 7 July 2011 4585:"WCRC History" 4576: 4545: 4508: 4497:on 9 July 2017 4481: 4455: 4448: 4430: 4407: 4381: 4379:, p. 222. 4377:Pettegree 2004 4369: 4353: 4351:, p. 135. 4341: 4339:, p. 132. 4329: 4317: 4287: 4278:|website= 4260: 4230: 4221:|website= 4203: 4175: 4168: 4150: 4125: 4095: 4071: 4069:, p. 378. 4059: 4053: 4026: 4012: 3994: 3992:, p. 184. 3982: 3980:, p. 174. 3970: 3967:(21): 134–137. 3965:Bunyan Studies 3951: 3931: 3910: 3891: 3879: 3868: 3848: 3846:, p. 130. 3833: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3790: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3762: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3735: 3734: 3724: 3719: 3718: 3717: 3715:Augustinianism 3707: 3700: 3699:Opposing views 3697: 3696: 3695: 3689: 3683: 3677: 3668: 3662: 3656: 3650: 3638: 3635: 3634: 3633: 3628: 3621: 3618: 3617: 3616: 3604: 3599: 3593: 3588: 3582: 3581: 3567: 3553: 3537: 3534: 3470:prison reforms 3466:women suffrage 3431:Bill of Rights 3397:of 1642–1651, 3333:Roger Williams 3217:René Descartes 3209:Baruch Spinoza 3178:Dutch Republic 3107: 3104: 3048: 3045: 2990:Main article: 2987: 2984: 2948:fundamentalist 2940:Main article: 2937: 2934: 2918:supralapsarian 2914:infralapsarian 2905:Abraham Kuyper 2893:Abraham Kuyper 2881:Main article: 2878: 2875: 2864:predestination 2840:Main article: 2837: 2834: 2830:B. B. Warfield 2776:Main article: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2730: 2727: 2696:Main article: 2693: 2690: 2638:Main article: 2635: 2634:Congregational 2632: 2594:Main article: 2591: 2588: 2560:Main article: 2557: 2554: 2534:congregational 2498: 2495: 2467:, "fall") and 2441:Main article: 2438: 2435: 2423:visible church 2391: 2388: 2324:Main article: 2321: 2318: 2313:Main article: 2310: 2307: 2237: 2234: 2214:Canons of Dort 2200: 2199: 2197: 2196: 2189: 2182: 2174: 2171: 2170: 2164: 2163: 2157: 2156: 2150: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2136: 2135: 2131: 2130: 2122: 2121: 2103:Main article: 2100: 2097: 2060:Main article: 2057: 2056:Predestination 2054: 2045:Sanctification 1998:Sanctification 1985: 1982: 1919: 1916: 1893:ancient Israel 1819: 1816: 1727: 1724: 1720:Michael Horton 1700:Garden of Eden 1681:Jacob Jordaens 1666:Main article: 1663: 1660: 1640:Evangelicalism 1563:Sola scriptura 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1454:British Empire 1310:Dutch Republic 1285: 1282: 1180:means of grace 1140:Thomas Cranmer 1031:Main article: 1028: 1025: 1017:infant baptism 967:predestination 902: 901: 899: 898: 891: 884: 876: 873: 872: 850: 849: 846: 845: 840: 835: 830: 824: 819: 818: 815: 814: 811: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 758:Federal Vision 755: 750: 744: 741: 740: 737: 736: 733: 732: 727: 722: 720:Congregational 717: 716: 715: 710: 700: 694: 689: 688: 685: 684: 681: 680: 678:Michael Horton 675: 670: 665: 660: 658:T. F. Torrance 655: 650: 645: 640: 635: 633:Geerhardus Vos 630: 625: 623:B. B. Warfield 620: 618:Herman Bavinck 615: 613:Abraham Kuyper 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 583:Richard Baxter 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 558:William Twisse 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 496: 493: 492: 489: 488: 485: 484: 479: 474: 467: 466: 465: 460: 459: 458: 453: 448: 438: 433: 432: 431: 429:Canons of Dort 426: 421: 411: 406: 396: 387: 384: 383: 380: 379: 376: 375: 370: 368:Predestination 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 344: 343: 338: 328: 322: 319: 318: 315: 314: 311: 310: 305: 300: 294: 291: 290: 287: 286: 265: 257: 256: 250: 249: 238: 235: 227:congregational 196:Canons of Dort 184:predestination 114:Congregational 98:Western Church 80:, also called 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15702: 15691: 15688: 15686: 15683: 15681: 15678: 15677: 15675: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15654:Jerry Falwell 15652: 15650: 15647: 15645: 15642: 15640: 15637: 15635: 15632: 15630: 15627: 15625: 15622: 15620: 15617: 15616: 15614: 15612:Major figures 15610: 15604: 15601: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15579: 15576: 15574: 15571: 15569: 15566: 15564: 15561: 15559: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15550: 15548: 15544: 15538: 15535: 15533: 15530: 15528: 15525: 15523: 15520: 15518: 15515: 15513: 15510: 15508: 15505: 15503: 15500: 15498: 15495: 15493: 15490: 15488: 15485: 15483: 15480: 15479: 15477: 15473: 15467: 15466:Televangelism 15464: 15462: 15459: 15457: 15454: 15453: 15451: 15447: 15441: 15438: 15434: 15431: 15429: 15426: 15425: 15424: 15421: 15419: 15416: 15414: 15411: 15407: 15404: 15403: 15402: 15399: 15397: 15394: 15393: 15391: 15387: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15366: 15363: 15361: 15358: 15356: 15353: 15351: 15348: 15346: 15343: 15341: 15338: 15336: 15333: 15331: 15328: 15326: 15323: 15321: 15318: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15302: 15300: 15296: 15290: 15287: 15285: 15282: 15280: 15277: 15273: 15270: 15268: 15265: 15261: 15258: 15257: 15256: 15253: 15251: 15248: 15247: 15246: 15243: 15241: 15238: 15236: 15233: 15231: 15228: 15226: 15223: 15222: 15220: 15216: 15206: 15203: 15201: 15198: 15197: 15195: 15193: 15189: 15183: 15180: 15179: 15177: 15175: 15171: 15165: 15162: 15161: 15159: 15157: 15153: 15147: 15144: 15143: 15141: 15139: 15135: 15129: 15126: 15124: 15121: 15119: 15116: 15114: 15111: 15110: 15108: 15106: 15102: 15096: 15093: 15092: 15090: 15088: 15084: 15078: 15075: 15073: 15070: 15069: 15067: 15065: 15061: 15055: 15052: 15050: 15047: 15045: 15042: 15040: 15037: 15035: 15032: 15030: 15027: 15026: 15024: 15022: 15018: 15012: 15009: 15008: 15006: 15004: 15000: 14994: 14991: 14989: 14986: 14985: 14983: 14981: 14977: 14971: 14968: 14966: 14963: 14961: 14958: 14956: 14953: 14951: 14948: 14946: 14943: 14942: 14940: 14938: 14934: 14931: 14927: 14923: 14916: 14911: 14909: 14904: 14902: 14897: 14896: 14893: 14881: 14876: 14871: 14870: 14867: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14849: 14846: 14844: 14841: 14840: 14839: 14836: 14834: 14831: 14829: 14826: 14824: 14821: 14819: 14816: 14814: 14811: 14809: 14806: 14804: 14801: 14800: 14798: 14796: 14792: 14786: 14783: 14779: 14776: 14774: 14771: 14769: 14766: 14764: 14761: 14760: 14759: 14758:Protestantism 14756: 14754: 14751: 14749: 14746: 14744: 14741: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14731: 14729: 14726: 14724: 14723:Antinomianism 14721: 14720: 14718: 14716: 14712: 14706: 14703: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14678: 14676: 14673: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14663: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14651: 14648: 14646: 14643: 14641: 14638: 14636: 14633: 14631: 14628: 14626: 14623: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14613: 14612: 14610: 14608: 14604: 14599: 14589: 14586: 14584: 14581: 14579: 14576: 14574: 14571: 14569: 14566: 14562: 14559: 14558: 14557: 14554: 14552: 14549: 14547: 14544: 14542: 14539: 14537: 14534: 14532: 14531:Monothelitism 14529: 14527: 14526:Monophysitism 14524: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14511: 14510: 14509:Monarchianism 14507: 14505: 14502: 14500: 14497: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14489:Macedonianism 14487: 14485: 14484:Luciferianism 14482: 14480: 14477: 14473: 14470: 14468: 14465: 14463: 14460: 14458: 14455: 14453: 14450: 14448: 14445: 14443: 14440: 14439: 14438: 14435: 14433: 14430: 14428: 14425: 14423: 14420: 14418: 14415: 14411: 14408: 14407: 14406: 14403: 14401: 14398: 14396: 14393: 14391: 14388: 14384: 14383:Semi-Arianism 14381: 14379: 14376: 14375: 14374: 14371: 14369: 14366: 14364: 14361: 14360: 14358: 14356: 14352: 14347: 14343: 14336: 14331: 14329: 14324: 14322: 14317: 14316: 14313: 14301: 14297: 14293: 14291: 14283: 14282: 14279: 14265: 14262: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14252: 14250: 14247: 14245: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14230: 14227: 14225: 14222: 14220: 14217: 14215: 14212: 14210: 14207: 14206: 14204: 14202: 14201:South America 14198: 14192: 14189: 14187: 14184: 14182: 14179: 14177: 14174: 14172: 14169: 14167: 14164: 14162: 14159: 14157: 14154: 14152: 14149: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14137: 14134: 14132: 14129: 14127: 14124: 14123: 14121: 14119: 14115: 14109: 14108:United States 14106: 14104: 14101: 14099: 14096: 14094: 14091: 14089: 14086: 14084: 14081: 14079: 14076: 14074: 14071: 14069: 14066: 14064: 14061: 14059: 14056: 14054: 14051: 14049: 14046: 14044: 14041: 14039: 14036: 14034: 14031: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14016: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14006: 14004: 14001: 13999: 13996: 13995: 13993: 13991: 13990:North America 13987: 13979: 13976: 13974: 13971: 13969: 13966: 13964: 13961: 13960: 13959: 13956: 13954: 13951: 13949: 13946: 13944: 13941: 13939: 13936: 13934: 13931: 13929: 13926: 13924: 13921: 13919: 13916: 13914: 13911: 13909: 13906: 13904: 13901: 13899: 13896: 13894: 13891: 13889: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13871: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13861: 13859: 13856: 13854: 13851: 13849: 13848:Liechtenstein 13846: 13844: 13841: 13839: 13836: 13834: 13831: 13829: 13826: 13824: 13821: 13819: 13816: 13814: 13811: 13809: 13806: 13804: 13801: 13799: 13796: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13764: 13761: 13759: 13756: 13754: 13751: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13740: 13738: 13736: 13732: 13726: 13723: 13721: 13718: 13716: 13713: 13711: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13701: 13698: 13696: 13693: 13691: 13688: 13686: 13683: 13681: 13678: 13676: 13673: 13671: 13668: 13666: 13663: 13661: 13658: 13656: 13653: 13651: 13648: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13584: 13581: 13579: 13576: 13575: 13574: 13571: 13569: 13566: 13564: 13561: 13559: 13556: 13554: 13551: 13549: 13546: 13544: 13541: 13539: 13536: 13534: 13531: 13529: 13526: 13524: 13521: 13519: 13516: 13514: 13511: 13509: 13506: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13494: 13491: 13489: 13486: 13484: 13481: 13479: 13476: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13466: 13465: 13463: 13461: 13457: 13451: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13441: 13438: 13436: 13433: 13431: 13428: 13426: 13423: 13421: 13418: 13416: 13413: 13411: 13408: 13406: 13403: 13401: 13398: 13396: 13393: 13391: 13388: 13386: 13383: 13381: 13378: 13376: 13373: 13371: 13368: 13366: 13363: 13361: 13358: 13356: 13353: 13351: 13348: 13346: 13343: 13341: 13338: 13336: 13333: 13331: 13328: 13326: 13323: 13321: 13318: 13316: 13313: 13311: 13308: 13306: 13303: 13301: 13300:Guinea-Bissau 13298: 13296: 13293: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13248: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13216: 13213: 13211: 13208: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13182: 13180: 13178: 13174: 13170: 13163: 13159: 13145: 13142: 13140: 13137: 13135: 13132: 13130: 13127: 13125: 13124:Organizations 13122: 13120: 13117: 13115: 13112: 13110: 13107: 13105: 13102: 13100: 13097: 13095: 13092: 13090: 13087: 13085: 13082: 13081: 13079: 13076: 13068: 13062: 13059: 13057: 13054: 13052: 13049: 13047: 13044: 13042: 13039: 13037: 13034: 13032: 13029: 13027: 13024: 13022: 13019: 13017: 13014: 13012: 13009: 13008: 13006: 13003: 12998: 12993: 12987: 12984: 12980: 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12961: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12949:Vegetarianism 12947: 12945: 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12895: 12894:Homosexuality 12892: 12890: 12887: 12885: 12882: 12880: 12877: 12873: 12870: 12868: 12865: 12863: 12860: 12858: 12855: 12854: 12853: 12850: 12848: 12845: 12843: 12840: 12838: 12835: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12817: 12816: 12813: 12809: 12806: 12804: 12801: 12799: 12796: 12795: 12794: 12790: 12787: 12785: 12782: 12780: 12777: 12776: 12774: 12771: 12764: 12758: 12755: 12753: 12750: 12748: 12745: 12741: 12738: 12737: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12715:Neurotheology 12713: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12698: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12682: 12680: 12678: 12672: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12641: 12638: 12636: 12633: 12631: 12628: 12626: 12623: 12621: 12618: 12617: 12615: 12613: 12609: 12601: 12598: 12596: 12593: 12591: 12588: 12587: 12586: 12583: 12581: 12578: 12576: 12573: 12571: 12568: 12566: 12563: 12561: 12558: 12556: 12553: 12551: 12548: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12529: 12526: 12525: 12524: 12521: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12507: 12504: 12503: 12502: 12499: 12497: 12494: 12492: 12489: 12487: 12484: 12482: 12479: 12477: 12474: 12472: 12469: 12467: 12464: 12462: 12459: 12457: 12454: 12450: 12447: 12445: 12442: 12440: 12437: 12436: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12427: 12425: 12422: 12420: 12417: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12409:Folk religion 12407: 12405: 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12370: 12367: 12365: 12361: 12358: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12343: 12341: 12337: 12334: 12333: 12331: 12327: 12323: 12316: 12312: 12302: 12299: 12297: 12294: 12292: 12289: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12279: 12277: 12274: 12272: 12269: 12265: 12262: 12260: 12257: 12255: 12252: 12251: 12250: 12247: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12232:Imperial cult 12230: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12219: 12218: 12215: 12213: 12210: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12192: 12191: 12188: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12175: 12174: 12171: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12149: 12148: 12147: 12144: 12142: 12139: 12135: 12132: 12131: 12130: 12127: 12123: 12120: 12118: 12115: 12114: 12113: 12110: 12108: 12105: 12101: 12098: 12097: 12096: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12054: 12051: 12049: 12046: 12044: 12041: 12039: 12036: 12034: 12031: 12030: 12029: 12026: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12003: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11990: 11987: 11986: 11985: 11982: 11980: 11977: 11975: 11972: 11968: 11965: 11964: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11946: 11943: 11941: 11938: 11937: 11936: 11933: 11931: 11928: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11910: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11887: 11884: 11883: 11882: 11879: 11878: 11875: 11871: 11866: 11862: 11842: 11839: 11838: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11812: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11802: 11801:Discordianism 11799: 11797: 11796:Anthroposophy 11794: 11793: 11791: 11787: 11779: 11778: 11774: 11773: 11772: 11769: 11767: 11764: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11744:Mari religion 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11726: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11678: 11675: 11674: 11673: 11670: 11666: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11657: 11656: 11653: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11640: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11627: 11624: 11623: 11621: 11620: 11618: 11616: 11610: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11587: 11584: 11582: 11581:Neo-Theosophy 11579: 11578: 11577: 11574: 11572: 11569: 11567: 11564: 11562: 11559: 11557: 11554: 11550: 11547: 11546: 11545: 11542: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11530: 11527: 11525: 11522: 11520: 11519:New Acropolis 11517: 11515: 11512: 11510: 11507: 11505: 11502: 11500: 11497: 11495: 11492: 11491: 11489: 11485: 11482: 11480: 11472: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11452: 11449: 11447: 11444: 11443: 11441: 11437: 11425: 11422: 11420: 11417: 11415: 11412: 11410: 11407: 11405: 11402: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11380: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11360: 11357: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11339: 11338: 11335: 11334: 11333: 11331: 11327: 11326: 11321: 11318: 11317: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11248: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11215: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11195: 11193: 11191: 11185: 11177: 11174: 11173: 11172: 11169: 11168: 11166: 11164:North African 11162: 11159: 11157: 11151: 11145: 11142: 11140: 11137: 11135: 11132: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11122: 11120: 11117: 11115: 11112: 11110: 11107: 11105: 11102: 11100: 11097: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11087: 11086: 11084: 11082: 11078: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11053: 11051: 11049: 11045: 11041: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10999: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10951: 10948: 10947: 10946: 10943: 10941: 10938: 10936: 10933: 10929: 10926: 10925: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10918:Kwakwakaʼwakw 10916: 10914: 10911: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10883: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10840: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10828: 10827: 10826: 10823: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10800: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10789: 10786: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10768: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10753: 10751: 10749: 10743: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10729: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10716: 10715: 10712: 10708: 10705: 10704: 10703: 10700: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10673: 10672: 10670: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10658: 10657: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10647: 10645: 10643: 10639: 10633: 10630: 10629: 10627: 10625: 10624:Austroasiatic 10621: 10613: 10610: 10608: 10605: 10604: 10603: 10600: 10596: 10595:Vattisen Yaly 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10582: 10581: 10577: 10574: 10573: 10571: 10569: 10565: 10562: 10560: 10556: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10531: 10530: 10527: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10514:Kirat Mundhum 10512: 10510: 10507: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10494: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10485: 10483: 10480: 10479: 10477: 10473: 10467: 10466: 10462: 10460: 10457: 10453: 10450: 10449: 10448: 10445: 10441: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10431: 10427: 10423: 10420: 10419: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10409: 10407: 10405: 10401: 10395: 10394: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10317: 10316: 10313: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10265: 10264: 10261: 10260: 10258: 10256: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10243: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10209: 10207: 10205: 10201: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10181: 10179: 10177: 10173: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10150: 10149: 10145: 10144: 10143: 10140: 10139: 10137: 10135: 10131: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10114: 10113: 10110: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10097: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10072: 10070: 10068: 10064: 10061: 10059: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10046: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10018: 10016: 10012: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9987: 9985: 9983: 9979: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9959: 9957: 9955: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9942: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9898: 9896: 9892: 9886: 9885: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9873:Milah Abraham 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9847: 9844: 9843: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9811: 9810: 9807: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9792: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9772: 9771: 9768: 9767: 9765: 9763: 9759: 9753: 9752: 9748: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9700: 9697: 9696: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9646: 9643: 9642: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9609: 9606: 9605: 9604: 9601: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9583: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9541: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9531: 9530: 9529:Protestantism 9527: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9514: 9511: 9510: 9509: 9506: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9493: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9480: 9477: 9476: 9475: 9472: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9459: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9450: 9446: 9440: 9439: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9394: 9391: 9390: 9389: 9386: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9377: 9374: 9373: 9372: 9369: 9368: 9366: 9364: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9342: 9338: 9334: 9329: 9325: 9321: 9314: 9309: 9307: 9302: 9300: 9295: 9294: 9291: 9279: 9271: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9258: 9255: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9205: 9199: 9196: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9181: 9177: 9176: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9166: 9164: 9160: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9086: 9084: 9082: 9078: 9072: 9069: 9065: 9062: 9061: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9054:Popular piety 9052: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9018: 9015: 9011: 9008: 9006: 9003: 9001: 8998: 8996: 8993: 8991: 8988: 8987: 8986: 8983: 8979: 8976: 8975: 8974: 8971: 8970: 8968: 8966: 8962: 8959: 8953: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8935: 8932: 8931: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8912: 8908: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8849: 8848: 8845: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8835:People of God 8833: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8817: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8799: 8796: 8795: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8763: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8710: 8707: 8706: 8705: 8702: 8701: 8699: 8697: 8693: 8681: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8665: 8663: 8661: 8657: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8638: 8634: 8631: 8630: 8629: 8626: 8625: 8623: 8621: 8617: 8611: 8608: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8545: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8521: 8517: 8514: 8511: 8507: 8502: 8501:Denominations 8498: 8486: 8483: 8482: 8481: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8471: 8470:Enlightenment 8468: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8452: 8450: 8448: 8444: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8409: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8374: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8354: 8352: 8350: 8346: 8338: 8335: 8334: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8267: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8258: 8252: 8249: 8246: 8240: 8235: 8231: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8196: 8194: 8190: 8184: 8183:New Testament 8181: 8179: 8178:Old Testament 8176: 8174: 8171: 8170: 8168: 8166: 8162: 8158: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8118: 8115: 8111: 8104: 8099: 8097: 8092: 8090: 8085: 8084: 8081: 8074: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8061: 8060: 8055: 8052: 8051: 8041: 8035: 8031: 8026: 8022: 8016: 8012: 8007: 8003: 7997: 7993: 7988: 7984: 7978: 7974: 7970: 7966: 7962: 7956: 7951: 7950: 7944: 7940: 7936: 7930: 7925: 7924: 7918: 7914: 7912: 7908: 7904: 7900: 7894: 7890: 7886: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7863: 7859: 7855: 7851: 7847: 7841: 7837: 7832: 7828: 7822: 7818: 7814: 7809: 7808: 7806: 7791: 7786: 7784: 7778: 7774: 7769: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7737: 7735:0-19-826677-4 7731: 7727: 7722: 7719: 7713: 7709: 7706:, Cambridge: 7705: 7700: 7696: 7690: 7686: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7669: 7668: 7662: 7658: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7640: 7636: 7630: 7626: 7622: 7617: 7613: 7609: 7604: 7601: 7599:0-631-16398-0 7595: 7591: 7587: 7583: 7573: 7567: 7563: 7562: 7561:For Calvinism 7557: 7553: 7549: 7543: 7539: 7535: 7531: 7527: 7524: 7518: 7514: 7509: 7506: 7504:0-8006-0761-9 7500: 7496: 7491: 7488: 7482: 7478: 7473: 7469: 7465: 7461: 7457: 7455:0-7717-0124-1 7451: 7447: 7442: 7438: 7433: 7429: 7423: 7419: 7415: 7411: 7406: 7402: 7396: 7392: 7388: 7384: 7383: 7378: 7374: 7370: 7368:0-8028-3159-1 7364: 7360: 7356: 7351: 7339: 7335: 7328: 7323: 7320: 7318:0-521-77662-7 7314: 7310: 7306: 7301: 7297: 7291: 7287: 7286:T&T Clark 7283: 7278: 7277: 7264: 7258: 7251: 7246: 7239: 7234: 7219: 7213: 7209: 7208: 7200: 7192: 7186: 7182: 7181: 7173: 7166: 7162: 7156: 7149: 7145: 7139: 7132: 7128: 7122: 7115: 7111: 7105: 7098: 7092: 7085: 7079: 7071: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7044: 7041:Karl Heussi, 7038: 7031: 7027: 7021: 7014: 7008: 7001: 6995: 6988: 6982: 6973: 6965: 6963:0-7894-8903-1 6959: 6955: 6951: 6950:DK Publishing 6947: 6946: 6941: 6935: 6919: 6915: 6909: 6902: 6896: 6889: 6885: 6879: 6872: 6866: 6859: 6855: 6849: 6842: 6830: 6824: 6820: 6819: 6814: 6808: 6801: 6798:Karl Heussi, 6795: 6788: 6785:Karl Heussi, 6782: 6775: 6771: 6765: 6758: 6754: 6748: 6741: 6737: 6732: 6725: 6721: 6720:Bayle, Pierre 6715: 6708: 6705:Karl Heussi, 6702: 6695: 6691: 6685: 6678: 6667: 6661: 6657: 6652: 6651: 6642: 6626: 6622: 6616: 6612: 6611: 6603: 6596: 6590: 6583: 6577: 6569: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6532: 6525: 6517: 6515:0-88920-285-0 6511: 6507: 6499: 6491: 6489:0-300-02233-6 6485: 6481: 6473: 6465: 6461: 6457: 6451: 6443: 6439: 6432: 6417: 6416: 6411: 6404: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6373: 6371: 6355: 6354: 6349: 6342: 6340: 6331: 6324: 6316: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6295: 6290: 6284: 6276: 6272: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6247: 6239: 6235: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6203: 6195: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6165: 6159: 6143: 6139: 6138: 6133: 6127: 6120: 6114: 6106: 6102: 6095: 6087: 6082: 6080: 6072: 6065: 6061: 6056: 6049: 6045: 6040: 6033: 6029: 6024: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6000: 5984: 5978: 5970: 5964: 5954: 5947: 5942: 5926: 5919: 5917: 5901: 5897: 5890: 5882: 5876: 5872: 5865: 5849: 5842: 5827: 5823: 5817: 5809: 5803: 5799: 5795: 5789: 5782: 5777: 5771: 5767: 5762: 5761: 5752: 5744: 5740: 5733: 5717: 5713: 5707: 5691: 5687: 5681: 5665: 5658: 5642: 5635: 5628: 5624: 5619: 5611: 5606: 5604: 5596: 5588: 5583: 5581: 5573: 5566: 5562: 5557: 5555: 5547: 5543: 5538: 5536: 5527: 5525:0-87552-242-4 5521: 5517: 5516: 5508: 5500: 5496: 5495: 5487: 5471: 5467: 5460: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5417: 5412: 5410: 5402: 5397: 5390: 5374: 5367: 5360: 5352: 5351: 5342: 5334: 5330: 5323: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5295: 5290: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5276: 5268: 5262: 5258: 5251: 5244: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5217: 5210: 5205: 5198: 5193: 5186: 5181: 5165: 5161: 5160: 5155: 5149: 5143:, p. 85. 5142: 5137: 5131:, p. 84. 5130: 5125: 5118: 5113: 5107:, p. 80. 5106: 5101: 5094: 5089: 5087: 5079: 5074: 5072: 5065:, p. 73. 5064: 5059: 5052:. p. 51. 5051: 5047: 5043: 5037: 5029: 5025: 5019: 5012: 5007: 4999: 4993: 4989: 4982: 4976:, p. 66. 4975: 4970: 4964:, p. 93. 4963: 4958: 4951: 4946: 4939: 4934: 4928:, p. 94. 4927: 4922: 4915: 4910: 4903: 4898: 4892:, p. 82. 4891: 4886: 4879: 4874: 4868:, p. 29. 4867: 4862: 4855: 4850: 4843: 4838: 4836: 4828: 4823: 4817:, p. 55. 4816: 4811: 4805:, p. 54. 4804: 4799: 4792: 4787: 4781:, p. 48. 4780: 4775: 4769:, p. 43. 4768: 4763: 4756: 4751: 4745:, p. 44. 4744: 4739: 4732: 4727: 4720: 4715: 4713: 4706:, p. 20. 4705: 4700: 4694:, p. 77. 4693: 4688: 4682:, p. 31. 4681: 4676: 4674: 4667:, p. 28. 4666: 4661: 4655:, p. 12. 4654: 4649: 4642: 4637: 4630: 4625: 4618: 4613: 4606: 4594: 4590: 4586: 4580: 4572: 4566: 4558: 4552: 4550: 4531: 4524: 4523: 4518: 4512: 4496: 4492: 4485: 4469: 4465: 4459: 4451: 4445: 4441: 4434: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4411: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4378: 4373: 4366: 4362: 4357: 4350: 4345: 4338: 4333: 4326: 4321: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4291: 4283: 4271: 4263: 4257: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4234: 4226: 4214: 4206: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4187: 4179: 4171: 4165: 4161: 4154: 4136: 4129: 4122: 4110: 4106: 4099: 4091: 4087: 4086: 4081: 4075: 4068: 4063: 4056: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4041: 4036: 4030: 4023: 4021: 4015: 4009: 4005: 3998: 3991: 3986: 3979: 3974: 3966: 3962: 3955: 3947: 3946: 3941: 3935: 3924: 3920: 3914: 3906: 3902: 3895: 3888: 3883: 3875: 3871: 3865: 3861: 3860: 3852: 3845: 3840: 3838: 3821: 3817: 3816: 3811: 3804: 3800: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3773: 3769: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3716: 3713: 3712: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3702: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3681: 3680:Presbyterians 3678: 3676: 3672: 3669: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3644: 3641: 3640: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3614: 3610: 3609: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3583: 3579: 3573: 3568: 3565: 3559: 3554: 3551: 3545: 3540: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3514: 3511: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3489: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3474:co-operatives 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3413:(1611–1677), 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3373: 3361: 3360:Thomas Helwys 3357: 3352: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3337:Thomas Hooker 3334: 3331:, founded by 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3293: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3262:church elders 3259: 3255: 3251: 3250:Martin Luther 3247: 3242: 3240: 3239: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3166: 3159: 3155: 3150: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3117: 3112: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3073: 3067: 3063: 3061: 3054: 3044: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3021:C. J. Mahaney 3018: 3014: 3010: 3009:Mark Driscoll 3006: 3002: 3001: 2993: 2992:New Calvinism 2986:New Calvinism 2983: 2981: 2980:laissez-faire 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2933: 2929: 2924: 2921: 2919: 2915: 2910: 2906: 2898: 2897:Neo-Calvinism 2894: 2889: 2884: 2883:Neo-Calvinism 2877:Neo-Calvinism 2874: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2843: 2833: 2831: 2827: 2826:Moses Amyraut 2822: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2787:Moses Amyraut 2784: 2779: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2749: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2726: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2705: 2699: 2689: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2641: 2631: 2629: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2597: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2572:British Isles 2569: 2563: 2553: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2527: 2522: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2459: 2454: 2450: 2444: 2434: 2431: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2411: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2387: 2385: 2384:worship bands 2381: 2377: 2371: 2368: 2364: 2361: 2356: 2354: 2350: 2345: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2316: 2306: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2257: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2195: 2190: 2188: 2183: 2181: 2176: 2175: 2173: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2133: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2123: 2120: 2115: 2111: 2110: 2106: 2096: 2094: 2090: 2084: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2063: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2030:Justification 2027: 2025: 2021: 2013: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1873:three offices 1869: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1848:is eternally 1847: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1815: 1812: 1811:Letty Russell 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1763: 1759: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1711: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1690: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1659: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1648:neo-orthodoxy 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1609:Old Testament 1605: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1585: 1583: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1520: 1518: 1514: 1509: 1505: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1295: 1290: 1281: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1266:North America 1263: 1260:produced the 1259: 1258:Presbyterians 1255: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1200:Frederick III 1197: 1193: 1188: 1186: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1167: 1163: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1150:(1500–1562), 1149: 1146:(1497–1563), 1145: 1142:(1489–1556), 1141: 1138:(1504–1575), 1137: 1134:(1509–1564), 1133: 1128: 1126: 1125: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1111:Martin Luther 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1091:Lord's Supper 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1065:(1478–1541), 1064: 1061:(1491–1551), 1060: 1057:(1484–1531), 1056: 1048: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 986: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 915: 913: 909: 897: 892: 890: 885: 883: 878: 877: 875: 874: 871: 866: 861: 860: 859:Protestantism 856: 852: 851: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 825: 822: 821:Organizations 817: 816: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 793:New Calvinism 791: 789: 786: 784: 783:Neo-Calvinism 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 745: 739: 738: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 714: 713:United States 711: 709: 706: 705: 704: 701: 699: 696: 695: 692: 691:Denominations 687: 686: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 639: 636: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 608:Charles Hodge 606: 604: 601: 599: 598:Philip Schaff 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 563:Moses Amyraut 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 543:Theodore Beza 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 500: 499: 491: 490: 483: 480: 478: 475: 473: 472: 468: 464: 461: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 443: 442: 439: 437: 434: 430: 427: 425: 422: 420: 417: 416: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 401: 400: 397: 395: 392: 391: 390: 389:List of texts 382: 381: 374: 373:Scholasticism 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 358:Lord's Supper 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 342: 339: 337: 334: 333: 332: 329: 327: 324: 323: 317: 316: 309: 308:Protestantism 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 295: 289: 288: 284: 280: 279:Theodore Beza 276: 272: 271:William Farel 268: 263: 259: 258: 255: 252: 251: 247: 243: 242: 234: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 203: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 168: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 145:Martin Luther 142: 138: 134: 130: 125: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 86:Protestantism 83: 79: 73: 69: 65: 61: 60:Theodore Beza 57: 53: 52:William Farel 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 15629:Billy Sunday 15624:Billy Graham 15546:Institutions 15502:Exvangelical 15456:Bible church 15433:Tent revival 15428:Camp meeting 15230:Black church 14848:Santa Muerte 14838:Narco-saints 14733:Febronianism 14650:Free Spirits 14635:Conciliarism 14578:Sabellianism 14541:Nestorianism 14447:Paulicianism 14368:Apollinarism 13705:Turkmenistan 13665:Saudi Arabia 13410:South Africa 13400:Sierra Leone 13205:Burkina Faso 13114:Names of God 13061:Unaffiliated 13016:Antireligion 12872:Universalism 12820:Assimilation 12685:Anthropology 12560:Supernatural 12555:Spirituality 12523:Sacred space 12511:Purification 12384:Denomination 12338: / 12146:Paleo-Balkan 12112:Mesopotamian 11952:Cook Islands 11923:Old Prussian 11836:UFO religion 11775: 11771:Zalmoxianism 11699:Neoshamanism 11556:Spiritualism 11439:Other ethnic 11328: 11154:Traditional 11114:Bongthingism 11002:Acoma Pueblo 10945:Mesoamerican 10642:Austronesian 10463: 10459:Neo-Buddhism 10391: 10387:Neo-Hinduism 10308:Swaminarayan 10146: 10095:Salvationist 10080:Confucianism 9931:Samaritanism 9901:Ali-Illahism 9882: 9749: 9743:Unitarianism 9684:Old Catholic 9491:Nestorianism 9449:Christianity 9436: 9402:Conservative 9178: 8973:Architecture 8867:Confirmation 8815:Ecclesiology 8746:Original sin 8736:Nicene Creed 8602: 8533:Old Catholic 8417:Papal States 8349:Great Church 8315:Resurrection 8257:Christianity 8214:New Covenant 8165:(Scriptures) 8110:Christianity 8058: 8029: 8010: 7991: 7972: 7948: 7922: 7906: 7888: 7885:Eire, Carlos 7875: 7857: 7835: 7816: 7782: 7772: 7763: 7747: 7725: 7703: 7684: 7676:the original 7666: 7646: 7624: 7607: 7589: 7575:, retrieved 7560: 7533: 7512: 7494: 7476: 7467: 7445: 7436: 7417: 7381: 7358: 7354: 7344:20 September 7342:. Retrieved 7340:(4): 207–218 7337: 7333: 7308: 7281: 7273:Bibliography 7262: 7257: 7245: 7233: 7221:. Retrieved 7206: 7199: 7179: 7172: 7164: 7160: 7159:R. Pfister, 7155: 7147: 7143: 7138: 7130: 7126: 7121: 7113: 7109: 7108:M. Schmidt, 7104: 7096: 7091: 7083: 7078: 7059: 7050: 7042: 7037: 7029: 7026:Milton, John 7025: 7020: 7012: 7007: 6999: 6994: 6986: 6981: 6972: 6948:. New York: 6944: 6934: 6922:. Retrieved 6918:the original 6908: 6900: 6895: 6887: 6883: 6882:M. Schmidt, 6878: 6870: 6865: 6857: 6853: 6852:Jan Weerda, 6848: 6839: 6832:. Retrieved 6817: 6807: 6799: 6794: 6786: 6781: 6773: 6769: 6764: 6756: 6752: 6747: 6739: 6731: 6723: 6719: 6714: 6706: 6701: 6693: 6689: 6684: 6676: 6669:. Retrieved 6649: 6641: 6629:. Retrieved 6609: 6602: 6594: 6589: 6581: 6576: 6541: 6537: 6524: 6505: 6498: 6479: 6472: 6464:the original 6450: 6442:the original 6431: 6419:. Retrieved 6413: 6403: 6391:. Retrieved 6387:the original 6382: 6357:. Retrieved 6351: 6329: 6323: 6298: 6292: 6283: 6275:Google Books 6273:– via 6256: 6246: 6238:Google Books 6236:– via 6219: 6216:Berlet, Chip 6202: 6174:. New York: 6171: 6158: 6146:. Retrieved 6142:the original 6136: 6126: 6118: 6113: 6100: 6094: 6078: 6071: 6055: 6047: 6039: 6031: 6023: 6015: 6011: 6007: 5999: 5987:. Retrieved 5977: 5968: 5963: 5953: 5941: 5929:. Retrieved 5903:. Retrieved 5889: 5870: 5864: 5852:. Retrieved 5841: 5829:. Retrieved 5825: 5816: 5793: 5788: 5779: 5759: 5751: 5738: 5732: 5720:. Retrieved 5716:the original 5706: 5694:. Retrieved 5690:the original 5680: 5668:. Retrieved 5657: 5645:. Retrieved 5634: 5618: 5602: 5595: 5579: 5572: 5514: 5507: 5493: 5486: 5474:. Retrieved 5470:the original 5459: 5447:. Retrieved 5442: 5438: 5396: 5387: 5380:. Retrieved 5373:the original 5359: 5347: 5341: 5332: 5322: 5304: 5300: 5284: 5275: 5256: 5250: 5242: 5235:. Retrieved 5226: 5216: 5209:Guthrie 2008 5204: 5192: 5180: 5170:13 September 5168:. Retrieved 5164:the original 5158: 5154:Calvin, John 5148: 5136: 5124: 5112: 5100: 5058: 5045: 5036: 5027: 5024:Calvin, John 5018: 5006: 4987: 4981: 4969: 4957: 4945: 4933: 4921: 4909: 4897: 4885: 4878:Horton 2011a 4873: 4861: 4854:Guthrie 2008 4849: 4822: 4810: 4798: 4791:Horton 2011a 4786: 4774: 4762: 4750: 4738: 4726: 4699: 4687: 4660: 4648: 4636: 4624: 4612: 4604: 4597:. Retrieved 4593:the original 4588: 4579: 4537:, retrieved 4530:the original 4521: 4511: 4499:. Retrieved 4495:the original 4484: 4472:. Retrieved 4468:the original 4458: 4439: 4433: 4416: 4410: 4398:. Retrieved 4394:the original 4384: 4372: 4365:McGrath 1990 4356: 4344: 4332: 4320: 4308:. Retrieved 4304:the original 4299: 4290: 4243: 4233: 4185: 4178: 4159: 4153: 4141:. Retrieved 4128: 4119: 4112:. Retrieved 4108: 4098: 4083: 4074: 4062: 4054:0-63120843-7 4039: 4029: 4019: 4017: 4003: 3997: 3985: 3973: 3964: 3960: 3954: 3943: 3934: 3913: 3904: 3900: 3894: 3882: 3874:Google Books 3872:– via 3858: 3851: 3824:. 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3029:sacraments 3025:Tim Keller 3017:Mark Dever 3005:John Piper 2950:Calvinist 2895:initiated 2791:Amyraldism 2778:Amyraldism 2772:Amyraldism 2748:, writes: 2662:confession 2654:self-ruled 2646:Puritanism 2609:presbyters 2451:(from the 2394:See also: 2390:Sacraments 2360:a cappella 2291:sacraments 2240:See also: 2049:good works 2035:ecumenical 1988:See also: 1922:See also: 1822:See also: 1730:See also: 1644:Karl Barth 1598:redemption 1594:providence 1553:See also: 1436:Afrikaners 1403:after the 1326:Palatinate 1239:John Łaski 1083:sacraments 947:Anabaptist 778:Neonomians 748:Afrikaners 638:Karl Barth 603:John Nevin 292:Background 15475:Movements 15389:Practices 14833:Mormonism 14828:Modernism 14813:Feeneyism 14795:Modernity 14773:Calvinism 14753:Pantheism 14743:Jansenism 14700:Taborites 14690:Pasagians 14685:Migetians 14660:Humiliati 14630:Catharism 14615:Arnoldism 14536:Montanism 14457:Naassenes 14427:Ebionites 14395:Audianism 14355:Antiquity 14264:Venezuela 14209:Argentina 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10687:Kapitayan 10497:Digambara 10482:Ayyavazhi 10447:Vajrayana 10412:Theravada 10325:Ganapatya 10298:Ramanandi 10227:Hoahaoism 10105:Yiguandao 10000:Yarsanism 9995:Shabakism 9982:Yazdânism 9972:Zurvanism 9967:Mazdaznan 9926:Rastafari 9921:Mandaeism 9795:Wahhabism 9775:Ash'arism 9738:Tolstoyan 9728:Spiritual 9718:Mormonism 9689:Judaizers 9662:Quakerism 9640:Methodist 9630:Irvingism 9581:Calvinism 9534:Adventism 9517:Moravians 9354:Abrahamic 9224:Criticism 9174:Ecumenism 9138:Mysticism 9104:Democracy 9094:Anarchism 9081:Movements 9044:Mythology 9022:Catechism 9017:Education 8934:Evolution 8857:Eucharist 8840:Canon law 8798:Theotokos 8793:Mariology 8751:Salvation 8741:Tradition 8588:Methodist 8548:Adventist 8382:Chalcedon 8054:Calvinism 7919:(1967) . 7558:(2011b), 7538:Zondervan 7532:(2011a). 7045:, p. 398. 6789:, p. 325. 6671:27 August 6631:27 August 6568:144579790 6559:2164/3035 6315:153625926 6148:23 August 6034:, p. 113. 4310:6 October 4280:ignored ( 4270:cite book 4223:ignored ( 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8275:Nativity 8239:timeline 8136:Prophets 8131:Glossary 7971:(2001). 7945:(1980). 7887:(2017). 7856:(2002). 7762:(eds.). 7746:(1996). 7623:(2014). 7588:(1990), 7466:(2008). 7416:(eds.). 7058:(2005). 6903:, p. 18. 6753:Toleranz 6625:Archived 6613:. 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