628:
72:
44:
353:. This synonymy was not accepted in a review published soon afterwards, as the phylogenetic conclusions contradicted the findings of Bendiksby and Timdal, making such a decision premature.
641:
LĂĽcking, Robert (2019). "Stop the abuse of time! Strict temporal banding is not the future of rank-based classifications in Fungi (including lichens) and other organisms".
467:
secondary thalli (a feature absent in the
Carbonicolaceae), Carbonicolaceae species form purely crustose to squamulose thalli that are dark brown with a thick, shiny upper
505:
191:
168:
463:
The diagnostic characters of
Carbonicolaceae differentiate it from its sister taxa, the Cladoniaceae and the Stereocaulaceae. Unlike those families, which usually form
412:. Asci, club-shaped (clavate), and have a weakly amyloid apical tholus that contains a darker amyloid, tubular structure. Ascospores number eight per ascus, and lack
525:
203:
515:
453:
197:
449:
987:
801:
1026:
840:
548:
Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil
Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020).
909:
749:
687:. Vol. 1/2 (13 ed.). Berlin Stuttgart: Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Borntraeger Science Publishers. p. 121.
961:
788:
692:
1087:
456:
and related compounds, which are found in all species, and fumarprotocetraric and protocetraric acid, which are found in
1031:
845:
1082:
71:
17:
1013:
827:
1077:
258:
953:
900:
780:
488:
238:
627:
1072:
992:
806:
717:
680:
293:
1044:
858:
57:
404:. The asci are semifissitunicate, meaning that the two walls of the ascus do not completely
1067:
603:(Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes) — extreme polyphyly and morphological/ecological convergence"
441:
8:
405:
329:
278:
940:
658:
397:
66:
914:
754:
1039:
922:
853:
762:
698:
688:
662:
369:
242:
566:
549:
927:
650:
614:
571:
561:
464:
231:
767:
654:
885:
740:
468:
365:
335:
In 2017, Divakar and colleagues proposed to subsume the
Carbonicolaceae into the
309:
274:
113:
1018:
832:
948:
775:
1061:
702:
289:
336:
305:
301:
266:
261:
in 2013 by Mika
Bendiksby and Ernst Timdal. In a reassessment of the genus
160:
974:
894:
425:
123:
685:
Syllabus of Plant
Families: Adolf Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien
43:
966:
793:
576:
401:
385:
377:
373:
350:
103:
979:
1005:
935:
819:
492:
480:
437:
417:
409:
246:
83:
711:
619:
595:
1000:
879:
814:
734:
429:
381:
345:
433:
421:
413:
223:
93:
547:
589:
587:
393:
389:
317:
270:
227:
219:
678:
175:
584:
388:, biatorine, with reduced margin. The hamathecium (i.e.,
541:
436:
are non-septate, thread-shaped (filiform), and hyaline.
300:
679:
Jaklitsch, Walter; Baral, Hans-Otto; LĂĽcking, Robert;
265:, they found that the genus–as then circumscribed–was
285:
includes the three species formerly included in the
328:("dweller") to refer to burned wood, its preferred
376:partner is chlorococcoid–spherical, single-celled
1059:
593:
237:. The genus, which collectively has an almost
674:
672:
634:
474:
230:. It is the sole genus in the monogeneric
42:
618:
596:"Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of
575:
565:
273:belonging to different genera, families,
669:
640:
550:"Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa"
14:
1060:
520:(Timdal) Bendiksby & Timdal (2013)
245:that prefer to grow on burned wood in
716:
715:
530:(Ach.) Bendiksby & Timdal (2013)
510:(Nyl.) Bendiksby & Timdal (2013)
339:, because in their analysis, genus
304:position to a clade containing the
257:Both the genus and the family were
24:
643:Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
594:Bendiksby, M.; Timdal, E. (2013).
25:
1099:
626:
70:
178:) Bendiksby & Timdal (2013)
683:(2016). Frey, Wolfgang (ed.).
356:
13:
1:
655:10.1080/07352689.2019.1650517
535:
154:Bendiksby & Timdal (2013)
138:Bendiksby & Timdal (2013)
408:during the discharge of the
7:
400:, and comprises unbranched
252:
10:
1104:
1088:Taxa named by Einar Timdal
498:
343:was found to be nested in
287:Hypocenomyce anthracophila
869:
724:
567:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8
506:Carbonicola anthracophila
489:cosmopolitan distribution
239:cosmopolitan distribution
188:
183:
169:Carbonicola anthracophila
166:
159:
67:Scientific classification
65:
55:, growing on the bark of
50:
41:
34:
475:Habitat and distribution
483:on burnt wood or bark,
424:, and non-amyloid. The
269:, dividable into seven
1083:Taxa described in 2013
384:are in the form of an
294:molecular phylogenetic
526:Carbonicola myrmecina
458:C. anthracophila
58:Pseudotsuga menziesii
53:Carbonicola myrmecina
681:Lumbsch, H. Thorsten
440:are the predominant
249:areas of the world.
516:Carbonicola foveata
454:methylphysodic acid
442:secondary chemicals
428:are in the form of
312:. The generic name
1078:Lecanorales genera
491:, and is found in
324:("charcoal") and -
243:squamulose lichens
1055:
1054:
1040:Open Tree of Life
854:Open Tree of Life
718:Taxon identifiers
694:978-3-443-01089-8
241:, contains three
211:
210:
155:
139:
16:(Redirected from
1095:
1048:
1047:
1035:
1034:
1022:
1021:
1019:BMSSYS0000043438
1009:
1008:
996:
995:
983:
982:
970:
969:
957:
956:
944:
943:
931:
930:
918:
917:
905:
904:
903:
890:
889:
888:
862:
861:
849:
848:
836:
835:
833:BMSSYS0000043435
823:
822:
810:
809:
797:
796:
784:
783:
771:
770:
758:
757:
745:
744:
743:
713:
712:
707:
706:
676:
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666:
638:
632:
631:
630:
624:
622:
591:
582:
581:
579:
569:
545:
531:
521:
511:
448:. These include
296:analysis, genus
192:C. anthracophila
153:
137:
75:
74:
61:; magnified 20X
46:
32:
31:
27:Genus of lichens
21:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1017:
1012:
1004:
999:
991:
986:
978:
973:
965:
960:
952:
947:
939:
934:
926:
921:
913:
908:
901:Carbonicolaceae
899:
898:
893:
884:
883:
878:
871:Carbonicolaceae
865:
857:
852:
844:
839:
831:
826:
818:
813:
805:
800:
792:
787:
779:
774:
766:
761:
753:
748:
739:
738:
733:
720:
710:
695:
677:
670:
639:
635:
625:
620:10.12705/625.18
592:
585:
546:
542:
538:
529:
519:
509:
501:
477:
372:thallus. Their
364:species have a
359:
310:Stereocaulaceae
255:
235:Carbonicolaceae
201:
195:
179:
172:
152:
136:
134:Carbonicolaceae
114:Lecanoromycetes
69:
28:
23:
22:
18:Carbonicolaceae
15:
12:
11:
5:
1101:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1010:
997:
984:
971:
958:
945:
932:
919:
906:
891:
875:
873:
867:
866:
864:
863:
850:
837:
824:
811:
798:
785:
772:
759:
746:
730:
728:
722:
721:
709:
708:
693:
668:
649:(3): 199–253.
633:
613:(5): 940–956.
583:
539:
537:
534:
533:
532:
522:
512:
500:
497:
476:
473:
450:colensoic acid
358:
355:
254:
251:
209:
208:
186:
185:
181:
180:
173:
164:
163:
157:
156:
145:
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127:
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121:
117:
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97:
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91:
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81:
77:
76:
63:
62:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1100:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Lichen genera
1071:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
985:
981:
976:
972:
968:
963:
959:
955:
950:
946:
942:
937:
933:
929:
924:
920:
916:
911:
907:
902:
896:
892:
887:
881:
877:
876:
874:
872:
868:
860:
855:
851:
847:
842:
838:
834:
829:
825:
821:
816:
812:
808:
803:
799:
795:
790:
786:
782:
777:
773:
769:
764:
760:
756:
751:
747:
742:
736:
732:
731:
729:
727:
723:
719:
714:
704:
700:
696:
690:
686:
682:
675:
673:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
637:
629:
621:
616:
612:
608:
604:
602:
599:
590:
588:
578:
573:
568:
563:
560:: 1060–1456.
559:
555:
551:
544:
540:
528:
527:
523:
518:
517:
513:
508:
507:
503:
502:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
472:
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
354:
352:
348:
347:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
316:combines the
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
259:circumscribed
250:
248:
244:
240:
236:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
216:
207:
206:
205:
200:
199:
194:
193:
187:
182:
177:
171:
170:
165:
162:
158:
151:
150:
146:
143:
142:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
73:
68:
64:
60:
59:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
870:
725:
684:
646:
642:
636:
610:
606:
600:
598:Hypocenomyce
597:
557:
553:
543:
524:
514:
504:
484:
478:
462:
457:
445:
392:between the
361:
360:
344:
340:
337:Lecanoraceae
334:
325:
321:
313:
306:Cladoniaceae
302:sister group
297:
286:
282:
267:polyphyletic
263:Hypocenomyce
262:
256:
234:
214:
213:
212:
204:C. myrmecina
202:
196:
190:
189:
167:
161:Type species
148:
147:
133:
56:
52:
35:
29:
1068:Lecanorales
975:iNaturalist
895:Wikispecies
726:Carbonicola
577:10481/61998
485:Carbonicola
446:Carbonicola
426:conidiomata
378:green algae
362:Carbonicola
357:Description
351:broad sense
341:Carbonicola
314:Carbonicola
298:Carbonicola
283:Carbonicola
218:is a small
215:Carbonicola
149:Carbonicola
124:Lecanorales
51:Thallus of
36:Carbonicola
1062:Categories
601:sensu lato
554:Mycosphere
536:References
479:Typically
438:Depsidones
402:paraphyses
386:apothecium
374:photobiont
370:squamulose
279:subclasses
198:C. foveata
104:Ascomycota
100:Division:
936:FloraBase
910:AusLichen
886:Q21229378
750:AusLichen
741:Q64755645
703:429208213
663:202859785
495:regions.
493:temperate
487:has a sub
481:epiphytic
465:fruticose
444:found in
418:ellipsoid
410:ascospore
330:substrate
277:and even
247:temperate
226:-forming
90:Kingdom:
84:Eukaryota
1001:MycoBank
993:11915087
949:Fungorum
915:30016254
880:Wikidata
815:MycoBank
807:11915088
776:Fungorum
755:30017020
735:Wikidata
430:pycnidia
406:separate
382:ascomata
366:crustose
346:Lecanora
292:. Using
253:Taxonomy
184:Species
130:Family:
80:Domain:
1045:5344714
1032:1453780
967:7430970
859:5345131
846:1454040
794:8254105
499:Species
434:conidia
422:hyaline
398:amyloid
349:in the
144:Genus:
120:Order:
110:Class:
1006:804836
980:464943
954:804836
820:804837
781:804837
701:
691:
661:
469:cortex
452:, 4-O-
432:; the
416:, are
390:hyphae
380:. The
320:roots
275:orders
271:clades
232:family
224:lichen
988:IRMNG
941:43882
928:622JC
802:IRMNG
659:S2CID
607:Taxon
414:septa
396:) is
322:carbo
318:Latin
290:group
228:fungi
220:genus
94:Fungi
1027:NCBI
962:GBIF
841:NCBI
789:GBIF
768:3HBF
699:OCLC
689:ISBN
394:asci
326:cola
308:and
176:Nyl.
1014:NBN
923:CoL
828:NBN
763:CoL
651:doi
615:doi
572:hdl
562:doi
368:to
222:of
1064::
1042::
1029::
1016::
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990::
977::
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951::
938::
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912::
897::
882::
856::
843::
830::
817::
804::
791::
778::
765::
752::
737::
697:.
671:^
657:.
647:38
645:.
611:62
609:.
605:.
586:^
570:.
558:11
556:.
552:.
471:.
460:.
420:,
332:.
281:.
705:.
665:.
653::
623:.
617::
580:.
574::
564::
174:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
