33:
541:; during 1912–1919 he was deputy director of Finnish General Employers' Federation and Finnish Engineering Industry Employers' Federation. He took part in economical and political negotiations between the Grand Duchy of Finland and the Russian Empire in 1913–1915; he represented the Finnish industry and resisted the suggested Russian uniform
614:
processed the position of Åland in 1920–1921; Enckell purposefully slowed down the negotiations to ensure that
Finnish membership to the League was secured before the issue was resolved by the League of Nations. In 1921 the League of Nations resolved the dispute in favour of Finland, largely due to
646:(HOP) in 1931, he became a board member in HOP. In 1936 Enckell became the managing director of Industrialists' Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Enckell took part again in activities in employers' organisations and worked in positions of trust in a number of Finnish companies.
585:
announced to the
Finnish delegation that the Council recognised the Finnish independence; the confirmation by the central committee followed four days later. After this followed the recognitions of France, Germany and the Scandinavian countries.
685:, was based on the geopolitic fact that Finland was a neighbour to a superpower and did not have powerful allies. In 1948 Enckell took part in negotiations with the Soviet Union, after which the countries signed the
615:
Enckell's diplomatic endeavours. After managing complicated political questions successfully in Saint
Petersburg, Paris and the League of Nations, Enckell became reputable for his excellent diplomatic skills.
516:
Enckell aimed to keep production in balance in the turbulent market, as the
Finnish engineering industry faced both up- and downswings. Enckell could gather beneficial orders for military supplies during the
593:
after which he was appointed
Finnish Representative to Paris. In the peace negotiations that followed the First World War, Finland took distance from Germany to get recognition for its independence from the
700:
In 1903 Enckell was married to German-born Lucy Marie Frieda Agathe
Margareta Ponsonby-Lyons (1875–1945). The couple had two daughters and two sons who were born between 1911–1920. The younger son,
670:
between
Finland and Soviet Union. Enckell took part in the Paris peace conference in August and September 1946 as deputy chairman of the Finnish delegation and on 10 February 1947 he signed the
1085:
1019:
692:
Enckell retired in March 1950, after serving as
Foreign Minister for six consecutive years. During his career he served a grand total of 2,502 days as foreign minister.
589:
Enckell was one of the few
Finnish politicians who had experience in foreign relations; during the first years of independence he was Minister of Foreign affairs in
573:
to support the
Finnish pursuit of independence. On 6 December 1917 the senate declared Finland a sovereign country. A Finnish delegation, which comprised Enckell,
448:
397:, Enckell worked hard to get international recognition for the declaration. During the following years, Enckell served as Finnish envoy to Paris, and later to the
953:
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declared itself the highest authority in Finland. As a representative of the Senate, Enckell worked hard to persuade foreign governments and the
715:. During his diplomacy years in Paris he started collecting historical maps of Northern Europe and Russia; the collection is currently kept in
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491:. After three years of studies he graduated as Mechanical Engineer and returned to Finland with his German wife Lucy Ponsonby-Lyons.
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which was at the time managed by his father. He graduated in 1896 as ensign and best of his class. Enckell was positioned in
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Salaries in the military had stayed behind the business and industry, and in 1899 Enckell begun engineering studies in
988:
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681:, he took part in structuring a new pragmatic role for Finland in the global politics. The policy, later known as
355:. As he was not satisfied with the salary and his stagnated military career, he studied mechanical engineering in
1090:
682:
425:
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677:
Enckell left his post as insurance company director in 1946 and devoted again to foreign affairs. After the
658:. He was sent to peace negotiations to Moscow to replace the head of the Finnish delegation, prime minister
816:
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Brobyggaren : Carl Enckells liv och verksamhet fram till slutet av 1917 / Cecilia af Forselles-Riska.
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Enckell returned to politics in September 1944 when he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs in
271:
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in four short-lived cabinets during the early politically turbulent years of the young republic.
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policy which would have weakened the competitiveness of Finnish companies against Russian ones.
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in the 1920s but made a return to politics as Foreign Minister in 1944. He led Finland out from
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344:(7 June 1876 – 26 March 1959) was a Finnish politician, diplomat, officer and businessman.
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Enckell was married to German-born Lucy Ponsonby-Lyons. They had four children, of whom
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606:, which demanded the group of islands to itself. Enckell led the Finnish delegation in
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909:(in Finnish). Translated by Marjomaa, Ulpu. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura
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378:. During the 1910s Enckell was also active in a number of employers' organisations.
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Maria Felicitas Erna Julia Pauline Helena (Maritta), married Schalin (1911–2002)
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Enckell left politics for banking in 1927, when he became deputy director of
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Enckell returned as Foreign Minister in two short-living cabinets led by
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954:"Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland – Ministers of Foreign Affairs"
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in 1907. In 1911 he was appointed managing director of the company.
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Enckell became involved in local politics during 1911–1914 in
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Permanent representatives of Finland to the League of Nations
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and contributed to establishing friendly relations with the
934:(in Finnish). Helsinki: Valtioneuvosto (Finnish Government)
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Grand Cross of the White Rose of Finland with Collar (1946)
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Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance
505:. In 1905 he moved to Helsinki and started working for the
1020:
Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland
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463:. As a son of a military family, Enckell went to study in
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Industrialists' Mutual Fire Insurance Company (1936–1946)
443:
Carl Enckell was born and spent his first seven years in
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Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, (France; 1926)
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774:
Cross of Liberty, 1st Class with a grand star (1944)
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731:Finnish Engineering Industry Employers' Federation
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932:"Ministerin tiedot – Enckell, Carl Johan Alexis"
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125:Bernard Carl Johan Armas Berndt GĂ©rard (b. 1920)
771:Grand Cross of the White Rose of Finland (1921)
347:Enckell followed his father's footsteps in the
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359:. After graduation in 1903, he worked in the
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122:Estelle Tatjana Lucy Sigrid Helena (b. 1914)
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31:
598:. Finland also sought for support in the
507:Hietalahti Shipyard and Engineering Works
372:Hietalahti Shipyard and Engineering Works
1081:Ministers for foreign affairs of Finland
1024:Society of Swedish Literature in Finland
424:and the new Finnish foreign policy, the
494:During 1903–1905 Enckell worked in the
479:Engineering studies and business career
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994:Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland
766:Commander of the White Rose of Finland
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728:Finnish General Employers' Federation
537:During the 1910s Enckell operated in
899:af Forselles, Cecilia (4 May 2001).
830:Grand Cross of the Falcon of Iceland
722:
956:. Valtioneuvosto.fi. Archived from
817:Grand Cross of the Crown of Belgium
707:Enckell bought Eriksnäs Mansion in
649:
608:peace negotiations in Paris in 1919
561:to Saint Petersburg. Following the
559:Finnish Minister–Secretary of State
395:Finnish Declaration of Independence
387:Finnish Minister–Secretary of State
13:
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459:after serving for 30 years in the
412:Enckell moved back to work in the
14:
1112:
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801:Commander of the Legion of Honour
737:Helsingin Osakepankki (1931–1936)
1076:Finnish people of German descent
840:Grand Cross of Polonia Restituta
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591:Lauri Ingman's cabinet 1918–1919
485:Dresden University of Technology
439:Early years and military studies
88:Dresden University of Technology
989:Biografiskt lexikon för Finland
674:as chairman of the delegation.
1101:World War II political leaders
1071:Burials at Hietaniemi Cemetery
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1:
1002:NBN:fi:sls-4705-1416928957311
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704:, became a notable diplomat.
549:Beginning of political career
370:-based engineering companies
781:Grand Cross of the Dannebrog
381:In 1917, shortly before the
117:Carl Fredrik Ralph Alexander
7:
992:(in Swedish). Helsingfors:
902:"Enckell, Carl (1876–1959)"
717:Helsinki University Library
711:in 1916 and used it as his
683:Paasikivi–Kekkonen doctrine
557:. In 1917 he was appointed
435:became a notable diplomat.
426:Paasikivi–Kekkonen doctrine
260:Minister of Foreign Affairs
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634:Career in financial sector
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734:Domestic Work Association
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656:Antti Hackzell's cabinet
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539:employers' organisations
533:Employers' organisations
385:, Enckell was appointed
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642:. After a merger with
602:that had emerged with
577:and Regent of Finland
511:Kone- ja Siltarakennus
473:Imperial Russian Guard
457:Grand Duchy of Finland
376:Kone- ja Siltarakennus
353:Imperial Russian Guard
218:Kone- ja Siltarakennus
644:Helsingin Osakepankki
579:Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
555:Helsinki City Council
461:Imperial Russian Army
308:Paasikivi III Cabinet
176:Years of service
1010:Cecilia af Forselles
571:Bolshevik leadership
563:Bolshevik Revolution
469:Izmaylovsky Regiment
405:. He also served as
302:Paasikivi II Cabinet
198:Izmaylovsky Regiment
94:Board member of
791:Grand Cross of Vasa
465:Hamina Cadet School
320:Fagerholm I Cabinet
284:Cajander II Cabinet
99:→ board memberships
907:Kansallisbiografia
768:, 1st class (1919)
762:, 1st Class (1919)
672:Paris peace treaty
521:and the following
519:Russo-Japanese War
501:as supervisor and
383:October Revolution
296:U. Castrén Cabinet
278:Cajander I Cabinet
272:K. Castrén Cabinet
16:Finnish politician
749:Group (1945–1949)
743:Oy Aga Ab (1939–)
723:Board memberships
612:League of Nations
399:League of Nations
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253:Julius Stjernvall
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807:Cross of Liberty
803:, (France; 1920)
760:Cross of Liberty
713:summer residence
679:Second World War
668:Continuation War
666:which ended the
664:Moscow Armistice
650:Back to politics
453:military officer
449:Carl Enckell Sr.
445:Saint Petersburg
418:Second World War
414:financial sector
407:foreign minister
393:. Following the
391:Saint Petersburg
351:and rose to the
349:Russian military
290:Hackzell Cabinet
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248:Succeeded by
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70:(1959-03-26)
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1066:1959 deaths
1061:1876 births
938:15 November
913:15 November
496:Kuusankoski
361:Kuusankoski
236:Preceded by
216:Manager of
119:(1913–2001)
50:7 June 1876
1055:Categories
1040:Q113529980
964:30 January
851:References
499:paper mill
364:paper mill
154:Allegiance
46:1876-06-07
1032:0039-6842
525:prior to
230:1911–1917
226:In office
78:, Finland
1036:Wikidata
1012:(2001),
747:Wärtsilä
660:Hackzell
368:Helsinki
366:and the
170:Infantry
164:Service/
139:→ awards
105:Children
76:Helsinki
846:; 1927)
836:; 1949)
834:Iceland
823:; 1924)
821:Belgium
813:; 1922)
811:Estonia
797:; 1919)
787:; 1919)
785:Denmark
489:Germany
357:Germany
179:1896–99
1038:
1030:
844:Poland
795:Sweden
754:Awards
604:Sweden
596:Allies
565:, the
543:tariff
188:ensign
166:branch
134:Awards
709:Sipoo
487:, in
1028:ISSN
966:2018
940:2016
915:2016
628:1924
626:and
624:1922
374:and
194:Unit
184:Rank
137:see
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65:Died
40:Born
998:urn
622:in
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