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491:, were often delivered to overseas air bases by aircraft carrier. They would be loaded onto an aircraft carrier in port by cranes, flown off the carrier at sea near their destination under their own power, and land on a friendly airfield ashore. These were not usually combat missions but in some cases the launched aircraft provided air cover for the ship, and the aircraft could not be recovered by the carrier.
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in this manner. This was possible because the ship's speed with even the lightest prevailing winds, combined with a low take-off speed allowed early aircraft to gain flying speed in a very short distance. The most extreme version of this was the battleship platforms used during the 1920s when small,
446:
Prior to World War II, the weight of most aircraft allowed them to be launched from aircraft carriers under their own power, but required assistance in stopping. Catapults were installed but were used only when the ship was stationary or adequate wind over the deck could not be arranged by sailing
67:. Carrier-based aircraft must be able to launch in a short distance and be sturdy enough to withstand the abrupt forces of launching from and recovering on a pitching deck. In addition, their wings are generally able to fold up, easing operations in tight quarters.
237:
grew between the wars, driven by the increased range, carrying power, and effectiveness of carrier-launched aircraft, until it became impossible to disregard its importance during World War II, following the loss of many warships to aircraft, including the
288:. Although this system is more costly than alternative methods, it provides greater flexibility in carrier operations, since it allows the aircraft to operate with higher payloads. Ships with CATOBAR currently include the U.S.
386:, combining elements of both STOVL and CATOBAR. Aircraft launch under their own power using a ski-jump to assist take-off (rather than using a catapult). These are conventional aircraft however and require
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have been successfully landed and launched from large aircraft carriers, but was done with no cargo and little fuel on board the aircraft.
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Jump Jet, despite being capable of VTOL take-offs, is usually operated as a STOVL aircraft to increase its fuel and weapons load.
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and numerous other incidents. Following the war, carrier operations continued to increase in size and importance.
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There are three main types of modern carrier-based aircraft, which are categorised by the U.S. Navy as follows:
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226:(1927). With these developments, the need for specialized aircraft adapted for take-offs and landings from the
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363:", instead of a catapult. STOVL use usually allows aircraft to carry a larger payload as compared to during
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The 1903 advent of fixed-wing aircraft was followed in 1910 by the first flight of an aircraft from the
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allows an aircraft carrier to launch large fixed-wing aircraft. For example, the U.S. Navy launches its
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Gunston, Bill. "Combat
Aircraft of World War II" Salamander Books: London (1978)
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190:
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19:"Carrier aircraft" redirects here. For large aircraft carrying smaller ones, see
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use, while avoiding the complexity of a catapult. The best known example is the
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Collier, Basil. "Japanese
Aircraft of World War II" Mayflower: New York (1979)
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31:
888:
Pawlowski, Gareth L. "Flat-Tops and
Fledglings" Castle Books: New York (1971)
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930:
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Chant, Chris. "Aircraft of World War II" Barnes & Noble: New York (1999)
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is a system used for the launch and recovery of aircraft from the deck of an
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is a system used for the launch and recovery of aircraft from the deck of an
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Military aircraft designed specifically for operations from aircraft carriers
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809:"Turkey to deploy MIUS unmanned combat aircraft from LHD Anadolu"
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were launched from only a few dozen feet long mounted atop of a
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Munson, Kenneth. "Aircraft of World War II" Doubleday: New York
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in this manner more recently, but this is not common practice.
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Such aircraft are designed for many purposes including
410:(China) as STOBAR aircraft. Others include the Indian
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280:. Under this technique, aircraft are launched using a
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694:Modern United States Navy carrier air operations
502:, have been operated from aircraft carriers and
269:Catapult-assisted take-off but arrested recovery
626:was a carrier-borne aircraft, created from the
100:airborne early warning and control (AEW&C)
903:The fast carriers: the forging of an air navy
447:into the wind. Even aircraft as large as the
442:is one of the larger air frames on a carrier
113:are able to operate from a wider variety of
704:Carrier aircraft used during World War II
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517:Modern carrier-based aircraft in service
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857:Donald, David; Daniel J. March (2001).
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774:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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105:The term is generally applied only to
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509:Even very large aircraft such as the
34:launches from the flight deck of the
859:Carrier Aviation Air Power Directory
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640:
575:Lockheed Martin F-35B/C Lightning II
500:North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco
375:Short take-off but arrested recovery
861:. Norwalk, CT: AIRtime Publishing.
475:Conventional aircraft, such as the
352:Short take-off and vertical landing
341:to become airborne off the deck of
13:
580:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II
230:of those ships became recognized.
14:
948:
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392:Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers
359:take-offs are accomplished with "
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729:Jane's All the World's Aircraft
585:McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet
782:
590:McDonnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk
523:List of carrier-based aircraft
326:cargo aircraft with catapults.
284:and landing on the ship using
1:
807:Ozberk, Tayfun (2021-07-22).
709:
555:Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet
527:
400:People's Liberation Army Navy
63:designed for operations from
667:Shenyang FC-31 naval variant
595:Northrop Grumman E-2 Hawkeye
449:North American B-25 Mitchell
163:of an anchored warship (the
80:anti-submarine warfare (ASW)
7:
731:. Jane's Information Group.
677:
10:
953:
792:British Aircraft Directory
789:"Hawker Siddeley Harrier."
635:Bell Boeing CMV-22B Osprey
520:
282:catapult-assisted take-off
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18:
794:. Retrieved: 1 July 2017.
689:Launch and recovery cycle
481:Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
390:to land on the ship. The
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504:amphibious assault ships
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53:carrier-capable aircraft
511:Lockheed C-130 Hercules
369:Hawker Siddeley Harrier
193:support ships, such as
84:search and rescue (SAR)
937:Carrier-based aircraft
922:Carrier-based aircraft
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544:down on final approach
498:aircraft, such as the
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348:
255:Attack on Pearl Harbor
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57:carrier-borne aircraft
49:carrier-based aircraft
44:
924:at Wikimedia Commons
647:Boeing MQ-25 Stingray
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565:Grumman C-2 Greyhound
550:Boeing EA-18G Growler
535:
460:fighters such as the
437:
332:
140:
129:and container ships.
29:
727:Fred T Jane (2005).
485:Supermarine Spitfire
477:Curtiss P-40 Warhawk
422:; both will operate
233:The significance of
610:Sukhoi Su-25UTG/UBP
430:Unassisted take-off
119:helicopter carriers
107:fixed-wing aircraft
92:weather observation
905:(1968; 1978; 1992)
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546:
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349:
165:United States Navy
157:
45:
920:Media related to
899:Clark G. Reynolds
641:Under development
560:Dassault Rafale M
305:Charles de Gaulle
251:Battle of Taranto
111:naval helicopters
72:air-to-air combat
65:aircraft carriers
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456:World War I-era
384:aircraft carrier
278:aircraft carrier
148:taking-off from
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600:Mikoyan MiG-29K
570:HAL Tejas Naval
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388:arresting wires
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345:Queen Elizabeth
302:, and France's
286:arresting wires
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242:Prince of Wales
191:seaplane tender
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88:transport (COD)
51:(also known as
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911:External links
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324:C-2A Greyhound
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96:reconnaissance
76:surface attack
61:naval aircraft
32:F/A-18C Hornet
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816:. Retrieved
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759:. Retrieved
752:the original
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723:
624:Sukhoi Su-33
615:Sukhoi Su-33
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413:Vikramaditya
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402:operate the
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228:flight decks
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220:(1922), and
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117:, including
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40:
468:'s forward
440:E-2 Hawkeye
337:utilizes a
317:E-2 Hawkeye
311:The use of
295:, the U.S.
240:sinking of
21:Mother ship
818:2021-08-18
813:Naval News
761:2009-10-13
710:References
528:In service
521:See also:
470:gun turret
466:battleship
176:Royal Navy
171:Birmingham
143:Royal Navy
123:destroyers
41:Kitty Hawk
662:HAL TEDBF
540:with its
361:ski-jumps
313:catapults
235:air power
215:USS
202:HMS
195:HMS
187:Seaplanes
180:HMS
169:USS
931:Category
770:cite web
678:See also
542:tailhook
538:Rafale M
453:launched
424:MiG-29Ks
339:ski-jump
213:(1922),
207:(1918),
197:Engadine
182:Hibernia
127:frigates
102:duties.
458:biplane
419:Vikrant
394:of the
274:CATOBAR
246:Repulse
217:Langley
152:Tracker
133:History
59:) is a
892:
879:
865:
850:
840:
672:F/A-XX
487:, and
380:STOBAR
300:-class
291:Nimitz
253:, the
249:, the
155:, 1943
755:(PDF)
748:(PDF)
715:Notes
628:Su-27
494:Some
451:were
416:and
404:Su-33
357:STOVL
335:F-35B
293:class
261:Types
223:Béarn
210:HÅshÅ
204:Argus
115:ships
109:, as
890:ISBN
877:ISBN
863:ISBN
848:ISBN
838:ISBN
776:link
622:The
496:STOL
438:The
408:J-15
398:and
365:VTOL
343:HMS
244:and
189:and
161:deck
150:HMS
98:and
39:USS
333:An
320:AEW
185:).
178:'s
167:'s
55:or
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764:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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