279:) obtained 76 seats, a quarter of the upper chamber, following senatorial elections on 8 December 1946. During the debate on the existence of the upper chamber, the MRP advocated for a bicameral system in which both the roles and modes of election of the two houses were clearly distinguished from each other, calling for the replacement of the system of indirect universal suffrage to select electors with greater representation of local collectivities. This proposal eventually prevailed despite the reluctance of certain members of the MRP, cognizant of the fact that such a system would favor it significantly less. Indeed, with a lack of representation at the local level as a result of the
1386:
1363:
1336:
1309:
1282:
1255:
1228:
1201:
1174:
1147:
1120:
1093:
1066:
1039:
1012:
985:
958:
931:
904:
877:
850:
362:, abbreviated RPCD). The same year, the divergences between the group and the senatorial majority became apparent over the issue of Algeria; though the Algerian cause was appreciated by the group, in which senators of French overseas territories and departments had traditionally constituted a significant part. However, the main reason that the group took issue with the governmental majority was the
824:
366:, which consecrated the estrangement of the centrist group in the Senate and the government. The opposition of the group was linked to its centrist tendencies, which were in opposition to the referendum despite the support of the MRP for the government on paper; the referendum by its nature contradicted the fundamental liberal, European, and social values of the centrists.
295:), the MRP was reduced to just 22 seats following the senatorial elections of 7 November 1948. and never regained its former strength through the duration of the republic, with 24 seats following senatorial elections on 18 May 1952, 21 seats following senatorial elections on 19 June 1955, and 23 seats following senatorial elections on 8 June 1958.
35:
369:
The centrist group gradually became less closely connected to its associated party, with the senatorial group asserting its independence from the party. The group increasingly welcomed the accession of senators not members of the MRP but supported the decisions of the new majority within the group.
2209:
322:, abbreviated RFD) envisaging the "establishment in France of a very large rally inspired by an ideal of political, economic, and social democracy", with the RFD consisting of a number of members of Catholic youth movements, some part of the MRP, including
357:
In 1962, the MRP amended its statutes to indicate its openness to activist forces, marking the beginning of a rapprochement with the
Democratic Center, which merged into the main group by 1965 to form the Popular Republicans and Democratic Centre group
338:. Negotiations began immediately and significant progress was made until the issue of the denomination of the movement was raised, with its general secretary Maurice-André Simmonet objecting, noting that the name was popular with voters. In the
354:, six former deputies, including four former ministers, found refuge in the Senate. The ranks of the group were filled with relatively young senators; as a result, it demonstrated greater dynamism, but also greater politicization, in its work.
531:, of which two-thirds abstained during the vote of confidence in the government. With a consensus among its senators to support the reform efforts of Macron, the group returned to its old denomination of the Centrist Union group (
523:, voted in support of a motion placing the 42 members of the group within the presidential majority of Macron following his election, with 4 senators abstaining; this was in contrast to the decision of the deputies in the
428:(UMP) in 2002, and official constitution of a group in the Senate on 10 December, significantly reduced the ranks of the Centrist Union group, with 29 of its 54 members leaving for the newly-founded
3148:
417:), founded in 1989 by the majority of senators in the group, that allowed the Centrist Union to collect public aid and direct it to political parties and formations, principally the UDF,
2210:"La mise en place du nouveau gouvernement Après les nominations de Daniel Hoeffel et de Charles Pasqua La campagne pour la présidence des groupes centriste et RPR du Sénat est ouverte"
394:, which remained independent of the activities of the senatorial group. However, from 1983, the independence of the group became more structural than political with the rise of the
280:
3054:
1160:
1133:
1106:
1079:
1052:
1025:
998:
971:
944:
528:
315:
1785:
1810:
1854:
432:, with the group consisting of 27 members at the end of 2002. On 14 January 2005, the group was renamed to the Centrist Union – Union for French Democracy group (
405:). From 29 January 1993, the Centrist Union no longer received direct public financing, which was instead paid to the "grouping of elected officials of the UDF" (
1920:
3122:
3108:
1943:
500:, whose members are part of the senatorial group. and on 23 October the group was officially renamed to the Union of Democrats and Independents – UC group (
3047:
346:, especially at the level of municipal and regional councils in rural areas; prior to that point, the strongholds of the MRP had largely been located in
2183:
3082:
1758:
327:
647:
617:
335:
331:
632:
662:
1993:
3040:
677:
363:
398:(RPR) group and the emergence of a senatorial majority that established a clear political position, either for or against the government.
429:
1966:
3102:
504:), and briefly took upon its unabbreviated form in 2017, registered as the Union of Democrats and Independents – Centrist Union group (
536:
1399:
379:
3179:
3000:
2981:
2962:
519:, it was expelled from the UDI, though its senators remained within the group. On 3 July 2017, the UDI–UC group, chaired by
436:, abbreviated UC–UDF), a denomination which it retained until 29 September 2008, when it became then Centrist Union group (
3184:
449:
208:
115:
1558:
2898:
2235:
2130:
2102:
2074:
2046:
2018:
516:
2927:
409:), a political formation with the sole purpose of collecting and redistributing funds to the parties composing the
371:
351:
260:
3134:
3088:
1530:
1505:
1480:
1455:
1418:
2974:
L'Invention de la CFDT 1957-1970 : syndicalisme, catholicisme et politique dans la France de l'expansion
2873:
2848:
2823:
2798:
2773:
2748:
2723:
2698:
2673:
2648:
2623:
2598:
2573:
2548:
2523:
2498:
2473:
2448:
2423:
318:
serving as its secretary. In
January 1959, the MRP received a proposal from the Rally of Democratic Forces (
1832:
493:
425:
212:
119:
378:, the MRP ceased all political activities, and the senators subsequently took upon the appellation of the
1349:
1322:
1295:
1268:
1241:
1214:
1187:
917:
890:
863:
836:
810:
544:
539:
in the Senate, preferring to support the government within the existing centrist group. On 26 September,
339:
268:
220:
524:
410:
387:
375:
284:
232:
228:
224:
2401:
2357:
1692:
2313:
2288:
2263:
1736:
1714:
485:
440:). The group was renamed again in 2011, this time to become the Centrist and Republican Union group (
418:
3174:
1855:"Présidentielle : l'UDI excommunie l'Alliance centriste pour son ralliement à Emmanuel Macron"
2335:
489:
445:
453:
395:
342:, the group secured 34 seats, an achievement aided by the increased strength of the MRP within
264:
1921:"Sénatoriales : Roger Madec espère " un rassemblement sur une liste En marche " à Paris"
299:
752:
520:
291:
secured a massive victory (the RPF having deprived the MRP of its flag as the party of the
2158:
386:). The growth of the group, which peaked in 1983, corresponded with the foundation of the
8:
2379:
343:
272:
200:
3032:
3024:
707:
1876:
767:
540:
497:
133:
2996:
2977:
2958:
481:
469:
457:
292:
288:
216:
123:
2993:
Le mouvement républicain populaire : le MRP, histoire d'un grand parti français
535:). As in the lower chamber, MoDem senators within the group decided not to join the
219:(AC), a former component of the UDI. The group was historically associated with the
2939:
323:
3064:
512:
401:
In 1984, the group simply took upon the appellation of the
Centrist Union group (
347:
240:
204:
188:
45:
1944:"SĂ©nat : le groupe UDI-UC change de nom et se voit en partenaire de Macron"
1737:"Informations sur la composition et les activités du Sénat au 31 décembre 2008"
722:
143:
602:
465:
3168:
1391:
737:
587:
391:
1833:"Informations sur la composition et les activités du Sénat au 27 juin 2017"
692:
473:
2944:
1811:"Nouveaux effectifs des groupes politiques sénatoriaux au 23 octobre 2012"
3149:
Administrative meeting of senators not appearing on the list of any group
3016:
572:
477:
307:
34:
1898:
461:
165:
364:
proposal to elect the president of the republic by universal suffrage
58:
Groupe des Républicains populaires/Formation du Centre démocratique
1967:"Groupe centriste du SĂ©nat : jusqu'oĂą soutenir Macron ?"
103:
Union of
Democrats and Independents – Centrist Union group (2017)
413:(UDF), in addition to the "association of the Centrist Union" (
302:, the group was reincarnated as the Popular Republicans group (
55:
Popular
Republicans group/Democratic Centre formation (1959–65)
1786:"La fédération du centre autour de Borloo très bientôt créée"
506:
groupe Union des démocrates et indépendants – Union centriste
235:(UDF). Most recently, from 2012 to 2017, it was known as the
106:
Groupe Union des démocrates et indépendants – Union centriste
1994:"Hervé Marseille élu président du groupe centriste au Sénat"
360:
groupe des Républicains populaires et du Centre démocratique
350:; with the MRP overwhelmed by the success of the RPF in the
64:
Groupe des Républicains populaires et du Centre démocratique
1715:"INFORMATIONS SUR LA COMPOSITION ET LES ACTIVITES DU SENAT"
1456:"Composition du Conseil de la République – 7 novembre 1948"
1419:"Composition du Conseil de la République – 8 décembre 1946"
529:
434:
groupe Union centriste – Union pour la démocratie française
370:
Following the cessation of activities of the MRP after the
82:
Groupe Union centriste – Union pour la démocratie française
79:
Centrist Union – Union for French
Democracy group (2005–08)
2159:"Anciens sénateurs Vème République : CHAUVIN Adolphe"
1693:"Information sur la composition et les activités du Sénat"
175:
3062:
3025:
Historical composition of the Senate and political groups
543:
was elected the new president of the group following the
61:
Popular
Republicans and Democratic Centre group (1965–68)
2955:
Les groupes parlementaires au SĂ©nat sous la V RĂ©publique
2380:"Anciens sénateurs Vème République : ABOUT Nicolas"
1506:"Composition du Conseil de la République – 19 juin 1955"
492:– was founded, notably without the participation of the
97:
Union of
Democrats and Independents – UC group (2012–17)
67:
Centrist Union of
Democrats for Progress group (1968–84)
1613:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1531:"Composition du Conseil de la République – 8 juin 1958"
1481:"Composition du Conseil de la République – 18 mai 1952"
452:(UDI), uniting most of the parties of the centre – the
2236:"Compte rendu intégral – Séance du mardi 6 avril 1993"
1661:
1649:
511:
After the Centrist Alliance announced its support for
3109:
Rally of Democrats, Progressive and Independent Group
2928:"Le SĂ©nat, contre-pouvoir au bloc majoritaire ?"
1625:
384:
groupe de l'Union centriste des démocrates de progrès
70:
Groupe de l'Union centriste des démocrates de progrès
1576:
1436:
1381:
1673:
1637:
1601:
2184:"M. Daniel Hoeffel président du groupe centriste"
3166:
1759:"Au Sénat, le groupe RDSE menacé de disparition"
502:groupe Union des démocrates et indépendants – UC
245:groupe Union des démocrates et indépendants – UC
100:Groupe Union des démocrates et indépendants – UC
1964:
1941:
2416:
2069:
2067:
237:Union of Democrats and Independents – UC group
3048:
2283:
2281:
2013:
2011:
91:Centrist and Republican Union group (2011–12)
3083:Communist, Republican, Citizen and Ecologist
2308:
2306:
2258:
2256:
2178:
2176:
2153:
2151:
2125:
2123:
1988:
1986:
1984:
3123:The Independents – Republic and Territories
2097:
2095:
2064:
1783:
3055:
3041:
2990:
2278:
2041:
2039:
2008:
1619:
2943:
2402:"TABLE NOMINATIVE 2011 – DÉBATS DU SÉNAT"
2394:
2358:"TABLE NOMINATIVE 2011 – DÉBATS DU SÉNAT"
2336:"TABLE NOMINATIVE 2009 – DÉBATS DU SÉNAT"
2328:
2303:
2253:
2202:
2173:
2148:
2120:
1981:
1553:
1551:
277:groupe du Mouvement républicain populaire
2932:Revue française de droit constitutionnel
2092:
1400:Democratic Movement and affiliated group
785:
380:Centrist Union of Democrats for Progress
314:) administratively attached to it, with
310:, with the Democratic Centre formation (
2952:
2372:
2350:
2036:
1667:
1655:
1631:
1595:
1442:
3167:
2971:
2228:
1607:
1548:
442:groupe Union centriste et républicaine
320:Rassemblement des forces démocratiques
94:Groupe Union centriste et républicaine
3036:
2925:
1679:
1643:
550:
3103:European Democratic and Social Rally
3017:Lists of senators by political group
2899:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 2017"
2874:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 2014"
2849:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 2011"
2824:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 2008"
2799:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 2004"
2774:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 2001"
2749:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1998"
2724:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1995"
2699:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1992"
2674:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1989"
2649:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1986"
2624:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1983"
2599:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1980"
2574:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1977"
2549:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1974"
2524:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1971"
2499:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1968"
2474:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1965"
2449:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1962"
2424:"Nombre de sièges au Sénat en 1959"
2075:"Compte rendu integral – 10 seance"
2047:"Compte rendu integral – 19 seance"
2019:"Compte rendu integral – 36 seance"
450:Union of Democrats and Independents
209:Union of Democrats and Independents
13:
2131:"Compte rendu integral – 1 seance"
2103:"Compte rendu integral – 1 seance"
1891:
1869:
1857:. Europe 1. Reuters. 25 March 2017
1559:"Compte rendu integral – 4 seance"
374:in which it called to support the
304:groupe des RĂ©publicains populaires
14:
3196:
3010:
1996:. Public SĂ©nat. 26 September 2017
1784:Abel Mestre (12 September 2012).
16:French Senate parliamentary group
2976:. Paris: Éditions de l'Atelier.
1965:François Vignal (26 June 2017).
1384:
1362:
1361:
1335:
1334:
1308:
1307:
1281:
1280:
1254:
1253:
1227:
1226:
1200:
1199:
1173:
1172:
1146:
1145:
1119:
1118:
1092:
1091:
1065:
1064:
1038:
1037:
1011:
1010:
984:
983:
957:
956:
930:
929:
903:
902:
876:
875:
849:
848:
822:
421:(FD), and Centrist Union group.
415:association de l'Union centriste
312:formation du Centre démocratique
73:Centrist Union group (1984–2005)
33:
2919:
2891:
2866:
2841:
2816:
2791:
2766:
2741:
2716:
2691:
2666:
2641:
2616:
2591:
2566:
2541:
2516:
2491:
2466:
2441:
1958:
1942:François Vignal (4 July 2017).
1935:
1913:
1847:
1825:
1803:
1777:
1751:
1729:
1707:
1685:
3180:Parliamentary groups in France
2995:. Paris: Éditions Beauchesne.
1523:
1498:
1473:
1448:
1411:
823:
85:Centrist Union group (2008–11)
1:
1405:
537:La RĂ©publique En Marche group
444:) after the arrival of three
259:In the first election of the
2314:"SEANCE DU 10 DECEMBRE 2002"
426:Union for a Popular Movement
407:groupement des Ă©lus de l'UDF
7:
2991:Letamendia, Pierre (1995).
2289:"SEANCE DU 23 JUILLET 2002"
1923:. Public SĂ©nat. 3 July 2017
1377:
403:groupe de l'Union centriste
283:in which the newly-founded
269:Popular Republican Movement
221:Popular Republican Movement
76:Groupe de l'Union centriste
10:
3201:
3185:Union for French Democracy
2264:"SĂ©ance du 6 octobre 1998"
517:2017 presidential election
411:Union for French Democracy
388:Centre of Social Democrats
372:1967 legislative elections
352:1958 legislative elections
285:Rally of the French People
254:
233:Union for French Democracy
229:Centre of Social Democrats
3144:
3118:
3098:
3078:
3071:
2953:Fondraz, Ludovic (2000).
1354:
1327:
1300:
1273:
1246:
1219:
1192:
1165:
1138:
1111:
1084:
1057:
1030:
1003:
976:
949:
922:
895:
868:
841:
815:
486:Democratic European Force
448:of the UMP. In 2012, the
171:
161:
149:
139:
129:
111:
51:
41:
32:
21:
3089:Socialist and Republican
3063:Political groups in the
2080:. SĂ©nat. 28 October 1971
2024:. SĂ©nat. 8 December 1960
1899:"Groupe Union Centriste"
1813:. SĂ©nat. 23 October 2012
281:1947 municipal elections
215:(MoDem), as well as the
2926:Boyer, Vincent (2011).
2108:. SĂ©nat. 2 October 1974
490:Jean-Christophe Lagarde
261:Council of the Republic
207:uniting members of the
176:http://udi-uc-senat.fr/
2972:Georgi, Frank (1995).
533:groupe Union centriste
438:groupe Union centriste
424:The foundation of the
396:Rally for the Republic
244:
192:
88:Groupe Union centriste
2945:10.3917/rfdc.085.0041
2136:. SĂ©nat. 2 April 1976
2052:. SĂ©nat. 25 June 1963
786:Historical membership
316:Yvon Coudé du Foresto
2957:. Paris: Economica.
1879:. Alliance centriste
1877:"Les parlementaires"
306:), presided over by
223:(MRP) and later the
1564:. SĂ©nat. 5 May 1959
494:Democratic Movement
344:metropolitan France
213:Democratic Movement
201:parliamentary group
772:26 September 2017
760:26 September 2017
753:François Zocchetto
708:Xavier de Villepin
551:List of presidents
547:two days earlier.
521:François Zocchetto
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3002:978-2-7010-1327-5
2983:978-2-7082-3149-8
2964:978-2-7178-4031-5
1375:
1374:
783:
782:
727:10 December 2002
715:10 December 2002
525:National Assembly
482:Jean-Marie Bockel
470:Centrist Alliance
458:Jean-Louis Borloo
390:(CDS) in 1976 by
376:Democratic Centre
289:Charles de Gaulle
225:Democratic Centre
217:Centrist Alliance
181:
180:
3192:
3076:
3075:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3034:
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3029:
3021:
3006:
2987:
2968:
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2947:
2914:
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2911:
2909:
2903:
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2734:
2728:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2678:
2670:
2664:
2663:
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2659:
2653:
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2620:
2614:
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2611:
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2603:
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2553:
2545:
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2511:
2509:
2503:
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2428:
2420:
2414:
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2411:
2409:
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2325:
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2321:
2310:
2301:
2300:
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2271:
2260:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2240:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2135:
2127:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2099:
2090:
2089:
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2085:
2079:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2023:
2015:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1990:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1917:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
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1873:
1867:
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1851:
1845:
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1823:
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1820:
1818:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1781:
1775:
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1772:
1770:
1765:. 1 October 2011
1755:
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745:23 January 2011
622:27 October 1971
610:27 October 1971
592:8 December 1960
580:8 December 1960
555:
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419:Democratic Force
328:Michel Debatisse
199:) is a centrist
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768:Hervé Marseille
697:5 October 1998
685:5 October 1998
648:Adolphe Chauvin
637:2 October 1974
625:2 October 1974
618:Roger Poudonson
553:
541:Hervé Marseille
513:Emmanuel Macron
498:François Bayrou
348:overseas France
336:Nestor Rombeaut
332:Bernard Lambert
265:Fourth Republic
257:
193:Union centriste
157:
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134:Hervé Marseille
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3011:External links
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2216:. 2 April 1993
2201:
2190:. 5 April 1986
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2007:
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1969:. Public SĂ©nat
1957:
1946:. Public SĂ©nat
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300:Fifth Republic
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247:, abbreviated
195:, abbreviated
185:Centrist Union
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738:Nicolas About
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712:17 July 2002
711:
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682:6 April 1993
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652:2 April 1976
651:
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639:
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612:
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607:25 June 1963
606:
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595:25 June 1963
594:
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588:Jean Lecanuet
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454:Radical Party
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2938:(1): 41–68.
2935:
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2920:Bibliography
2906:. Retrieved
2893:
2881:. Retrieved
2868:
2856:. Retrieved
2843:
2831:. Retrieved
2818:
2806:. Retrieved
2793:
2781:. Retrieved
2768:
2756:. Retrieved
2743:
2731:. Retrieved
2718:
2706:. Retrieved
2693:
2681:. Retrieved
2668:
2656:. Retrieved
2643:
2631:. Retrieved
2618:
2606:. Retrieved
2593:
2581:. Retrieved
2568:
2556:. Retrieved
2543:
2531:. Retrieved
2518:
2506:. Retrieved
2493:
2481:. Retrieved
2468:
2456:. Retrieved
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2418:
2406:. Retrieved
2396:
2384:. Retrieved
2374:
2362:. Retrieved
2352:
2340:. Retrieved
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2293:. Retrieved
2268:. Retrieved
2243:. Retrieved
2230:
2218:. Retrieved
2213:
2204:
2192:. Retrieved
2187:
2163:. Retrieved
2138:. Retrieved
2110:. Retrieved
2082:. Retrieved
2054:. Retrieved
2026:. Retrieved
1998:. Retrieved
1971:. Retrieved
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1937:
1925:. Retrieved
1915:
1903:. Retrieved
1893:
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678:Maurice Blin
633:André Fosset
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1608:Georgi 1995
603:André Colin
573:Alain Poher
561:Term start
496:(MoDem) of
478:Modern Left
466:Hervé Morin
308:Alain Poher
231:(CDS), and
3169:Categories
2908:16 October
1680:Boyer 2011
1644:Boyer 2011
1406:References
462:New Centre
293:resistance
211:(UDI) and
166:Liberalism
2000:4 October
564:Term end
488:(FED) of
480:(LGM) of
430:UMP group
287:(RPF) of
130:President
3151:(RASNAG)
2214:Le Monde
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1424:. SĂ©nat
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776:present
545:renewal
515:in the
382:group (
298:In the
263:of the
255:History
203:in the
172:Website
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271:(MRP)
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249:UDI–UC
241:French
227:(CD),
205:Senate
189:French
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3091:(SOC)
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