Chamber of Commerce Building (Manhattan)

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from 1906 until 1921, when the space was leased by the Guaranty Trust Company. Following World War I, the Chamber of Commerce's influence started to shrink as corporations became more prominent. In June 1921, the building was temporarily closed so architects Helmle and Corbett could remodel the interior. As part of the project, the mansard roof was modified to accommodate a full story, which housed the chamber's library and two committee rooms. A dining room was added on the third floor, and a new elevator lobby and emergency stairway was added. The expanded building opened on January 5, 1922, at the monthly meeting of the chambers.

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time. It had to be delivered in a custom crate, and part of the building's outer wall had to be temporarily removed so the carpet could be put inside. The original floor surface was made of marble, although it was covered with a plywood platform in 1991. When the building was used by the Chamber of Commerce, the seats were arranged along the walls. At the center of one wall, a raised platform had space for the President's chair and desk, as well as the desks of other officials. Mahogany desks for the International Commercial Bank of China were installed in 1991 after the building was renovated.

910:. With the relocation, the Great Hall's portraits had to be removed as well. The new offices could only fit 10 to 20 of the Great Hall's 300 portraits, but the Chamber of Commerce Building could store about 200 of these portraits. There was a controversy over the portraits' removal, since art experts considered these to be integral to the room's character, and about 80 portraits would have to be given away. The chamber's collections curator, Evelyn G. Ortner, said in early 1983 that the chamber was no longer selling portraits. Some of these portraits were subsequently exhibited at the 3857: 3730: 3091: 3045: 2926: 2888: 2650: 2544: 2317: 6380: 673: 891: 922:(now Mega International Commercial Bank) purchased the building for $ 5.6 or $ 5.75 million. Two years later, Haines Lundberg Waehler finished renovating the building into office space at a cost of more than $ 12 million. The badly damaged wall covering was replaced with velvet; a plywood floor surface was laid atop the original marble floor of the Great Hall, and cables were run beneath the plywood floor. The mechanical systems were also overhauled. Since the building was on the 6368: 555: 4844: 4864: 4854: 4345: 6356: 720:. The paintings dated to 1772 and were generally only of deceased individuals; the chamber did not remove portraits once they were hung. The collection was also generally viewable only to chamber members, but the public was occasionally allowed inside the building. Many portraits were removed in 1979 when the chamber moved out. The collection was broken up, with some portraits being donated or sold. 874:

ground-floor space was occupied by the Harriman National Bank by 1929. Harriman only stayed in the building through the mid-1930s. The Chamber of Commerce was generally slow to adopt new technology, and this was reflected in the building's machinery. For example, in 1927, the chamber voted to replace the building's original light dimmers rather than buy a newer lighting system for the building.

365:. The second story contained the Chamber of Commerce's Great Hall, hung with portraits of important individuals from American history. The rest of the building was largely devoted to offices or meeting rooms for the chamber. Over the years, numerous stores and banks have rented out the ground story. The building's design was largely positively received upon its completion. 829:. News media reported in December 1900 that the chamber was considering paying $ 300,000 for a site on Pine Street. The chamber's president Morris K. Jesup bought the Real Estate Exchange Building the next month from the Central Realty, Bond, and Trust Company, at a cost of $ 700,000. James B. Baker had been selected as the architect by May 1901. The 865:

During the first decade of the 20th century, the Lawyers' Title Insurance and Trust Company had offices in the Chamber of Commerce Building, with 700 employees. The company moved to its own structure between July and September 1908. The Lawyers' Mortgage Company occupied the basement and ground floor

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Following the 1922 renovation, the fourth floor contained an oak-paneled elevator landing and vaulted stair hall. The ceiling of the fourth-floor elevator landing had three octagonal allegorical reliefs depicting commerce, industry, and transportation. The original library on the fourth floor became

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The Great Hall, the building's main room on the second story, has floor dimensions of 90 by 60 feet (27 by 18 m) with a ceiling 30 feet (9.1 m) high. The lower part of the room was not designed with any windows because the chamber's massive portraits were to be hung in that area. The upper

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in Venice and led to the second-story main room and elevator hall. The decoration of the hall's upper half was extremely elaborate. Colored-marble Ionic columns supported a frieze, above which rose a domed ceiling. Between each set of columns, there were tablets that were inscribed with the names of

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in 1977. Following the chamber's relocation in 1979, the LPC also considered the Great Hall as an interior landmark. The LPC ultimately decided against it because the agency's rules mandated that interior landmarks had to be public spaces, and the chamber had claimed that the interior was a private

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As designed, the main entrance opened into a large vestibule on the first (ground) floor, which in turn led to a double-height hall measuring 20 by 80 feet (6.1 by 24.4 m). This hall was made of Caen stone and marble. The building's elevators, as well as a stair to the second-floor Great Hall,

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The building was constructed after wealthy members of the Chamber of Commerce raised funds. The architecture firm of Helmle and Corbett remodeled the interior and built a new floor in 1922, resulting in changes to the mansard roof. French and Martiny's sculptures, installed in 1903, were removed in

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department store in 1944, with the space to be used by Wanamaker's men's division. After World War II, most of the chamber's day-to-day operations were outsourced and the chamber was staffed exclusively by volunteers. The Great Hall was consequently no longer used frequently. In 1968, the general

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donated the statues of DeWitt Clinton, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. The sculptures, to cost $ 12,000 each, were contracted to Martiny and French after the original plan to decorate the Liberty Street facade with allegorical sculptures was abandoned. The Chamber of Commerce Building opened on

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was the first president of the Chamber of Commerce to suggest a dedicated headquarters building for the chamber, in 1865, but nothing came of that plan. When the Real Estate Exchange Building at 65 Liberty Street was completed in 1884, the Chamber of Commerce had moved there. This structure was an

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In general, the upper stories had decorative woodwork and marblework. On the third and fourth stories were meeting rooms as well as space for the Commerce Club. This portion of the building contained the library, president's room, committee rooms, and offices. Much of the furniture was colonial in

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made casts for the sculptural groups so they could be redone in granite or bronze if the chamber ever requested their reinstallation, although that never occurred. The same year, the Interstate Trust Company opened in the ground floor and basement after alterations were made to these stories. The

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The floor had a "large and beautiful rug", which covered almost the whole space; it measured around 60 by 38 feet (18 by 12 m) and weighed 2,750 pounds (1,250 kg). Manufactured by W. & J. Sloane (who were members of the chamber), the carpet was the largest to ever be imported at the

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A new-building fund for the Chamber of Commerce had raised $ 700,000 by June 1897. The New York Realty, Bond, Exchange and Trust Company bought the 65 Liberty Street site in 1899 for $ 580,000. The chamber had raised its original goal of $ 1 million by the following April. Wealthy members of the

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magazine, the Chamber of Commerce wished for its assembly hall to be "spacious and imposing" and for the exterior to be "large enough to avoid insignificance". At the time, the Chamber of Commerce was housed in a "small apartment". While the chamber's monthly meetings were lightly attended, the

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and is divided horizontally into three sections: ground story, second story, and third and fourth stories. On Liberty Street, the leftmost bay is generally more elaborate than the three rightmost bays. The side facade on Liberty Place is similar to that on Liberty Street, though more simple in

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The third and fourth floors were originally set back behind the Liberty Street facade, creating a terrace above the colonnade. The third floor is plainly decorated, with paired windows in each bay, while the fourth floor is within the dormer roof. Within the mansard roof, there are three

483:, for which the structure was erected. The building was expanded in 1922 by Helmle & Corbett, while the interior design dates to a 1991 renovation by Haines Lundberg Waehler. Charles T. Wills served as the primary contractor for the original work as well as for the 1922 expansion. 960:

reported upon the building's opening, "Comments on the building as a whole are not always favorable". Among the criticisms was the fact that the colonnade was not genuine and served to "obscure the windows on the top floor", as well as the lack of natural lighting at ground level.

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public was allowed to regularly enter the Great Hall for the first time in the building's history. The New York Chamber of Commerce merged with the Commerce and Industry Association in 1973, and 65 Liberty Street became the headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

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beneath it. The leftmost bay on Liberty Street is not included in the colonnade but has an oval window above a large rectangular window. The Liberty Place facade contains similar oval windows at the top of the wall, although they are subdivided by flat pilasters.

2576:"New Home of Chamber of Commerce; Comparatively Small in Size, the New Building Will Be Distinctly Artistic -- Constructed Entirely of Stone, Without Steel Girders -- Many Additional Conveniences for Members -- Good Kitchen and Dining Room Among the New Features" 578:. The colonnade contains a pair of columns at each end, as well as two single columns in the center. Within the colonnade's bays, there were three sculptural groups supported on pedestals. The sculptural groups were each 8 feet (2.4 m) tall and depicted 801:, then the president of the chamber, hoped to raise $ 1 million for the structure by 1897. In addition to offices, a library, and an assembly room, Orr planned to include space on the first floor for a space that could be rented out to a bank. 1003:(LPC) as an official city landmark on January 18, 1966. It was one of the first landmarks to be designated by the LPC in Manhattan. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 and was re-added to the NRHP as a 917:

The Chamber of Commerce Building remained unoccupied for ten years because potential tenants balked at the cost of retrofitting it to modern standards, and potential buyers had already twice failed to complete the sale. In 1989, the

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The rest of the first floor was rented out as a banking room, the only commercial concern in the building. The banking room's decorations included a marble floor and mahogany trim. There was also a banking vault, described in the

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Before the current building at 65 Liberty Street was built, the chamber had never been housed in a building specifically constructed for use as its headquarters. Instead, the chamber occupied several office buildings or

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in the second bay from the right; it is flanked by two full-height windows, one on each side. A more ornate entrance to the upper levels protrudes slightly from the leftmost bay. The left entrance is topped by an arched

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stated, "Of non-official buildings projected or already begun, none is more important in its indirect bearing on the commercial greatness of the city than the home of the Chamber of Commerce." Upon its completion, the

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said the structure "is distinguished at once from the merely business buildings by its sumptuous character, its costly materials, and the obvious freedom from ordinary business limitations, shown by its design." The

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of 83.42 feet (25 m) on Liberty Street and extends 91.25 feet (28 m) deep. The Chamber of Commerce Building is surrounded by numerous other structures, including the Liberty Tower and the

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This article is about the building in the borough of Manhattan. For the residential skyscraper in the borough of Brooklyn, sometimes also referred to as the Chamber of Commerce Building, see

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and various ambassadors and representatives from other nations. The sculptures by Martiny and French were dedicated on November 17, 1903, with a ceremony attended by 400 chamber members.

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the Chamber of Commerce's officers. At the time of the building's construction, the tablets accommodated names of past officers and could be inscribed with the names of future officers.

4793: 972:, wrote that "Inside and out, the building is an example of the kind of period architectural opulence that, if you have to ask the cost, you can't afford it". Architectural historian 4798: 4701: 996:

that the building had been praised because of its small scale amid high-rise buildings, "which, ironically, was one aspect of the city to which most business men pointed with pride".

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a banquet room, while another story with a library and committee rooms was added. During the 1991 renovation, the third and fourth floors became executive offices for the

140: 4232: 2943:"Chamber of Commerce Cornerstone Laid; Prominent Members Present for the Simple Ceremonies. Short Addresses by C.s. Smith and Morris K. Jesup -- Prayer by Bishop Potter" 782: 6090: 4734: 4714: 4511: 4371: 4160: 4113: 4857: 4719: 4476: 4261: 4145: 2194:"Nation Makers' Portraits on Public View This Week; Famous Gallery of the Chamber of Commerce of New York State Has Paintings of 233 Builders of American Prosperity" 3643: 6430: 4900: 4237: 4190: 1379: 530:

There are two entrances at the ground story on Liberty Street, both raised slightly above street level. The entrance to the building's ground floor is within a

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part of the main room, above 20 feet (6.1 m), contains the oval windows of the facade. The walls are topped by elaborate multicolored decorations such as

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By the end of the 19th century, the Chamber of Commerce was looking to construct a building with enough space for offices and an assembly room. According to

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design. The president's room was more elaborately decorated than the other rooms on these levels. Italian woodwork and white marble were used throughout.

4327: 4317: 3816: 3684: 5038: 2742: 956:, in 1910, stated that the building and its portrait collection were "well worth seeing", despite being relatively unknown to New Yorkers. However, as 598:). Near the top of the colonnade are oval windows overlooking what was originally the Chamber of Commerce's main room. These windows are supported by 6425: 4165: 2911: 3265: 3219: 3173: 3127: 2962: 2796: 2686: 2595: 2449: 1901: 1852: 1746: 1544: 704:

There were nearly three hundred portraits in the room at its peak. The portraits included those of John Cruger, the first president of the chamber;

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The sculptural groups on the facade, having worn down significantly due to chemical reactions and weather conditions, were removed in 1926. The

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The Chamber of Commerce Building's design and scale was largely praised upon its completion. The building was designated a city landmark by the

5138: 3076: 3350:"New Trust Co. Opens To-day In Liberty St: Interstate Starts With Paid in Capital of $ 3,000,000 and $ 900,000 Surplus; Ex-Gov.Silzer Is Head" 2302: 1074: 6400: 6065: 6070: 750: 480: 327: 4893: 4867: 3929: 5083: 4083: 77: 6080: 5928: 5478: 5453: 1250: 1009: 491: 452: 393: 201: 5823: 3246:"Prince Says Japan Seeks No More War; Tokugawa, Head of Japanese Delegation to Arms Conference, Guest of State Chamber of Commerce" 2002: 753:

was founded in 1768 as the first organization of its type in North America. After the chamber was granted a formal charter by King

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of the building was laid on November 8, 1901, with ceremonies attended by over a hundred members of the Chamber of Commerce.

709: 5933: 3987: 6085: 5923: 5689: 5679: 5674: 5388: 4284: 4105: 4010: 3994: 3461:"Bank Leases Downtown Space For $ 1,000,000: Harriman National to Locate in Liberty St.; Park Place Realty Figures in Deal" 1494: 1144: 923: 385: 46: 3626: 5559: 5393: 5078: 2831: 5664: 5423: 5053: 374: 6112: 5599: 5073: 1304: 1155: 927: 3385:"Interstate Trust Co. To Open About Oct. 1; State Permit Is Asked to Add Five More Directors to Silzer Bank's Board" 2623: 5763: 5659: 5574: 5498: 5443: 5403: 4998: 1219: 6203: 5133: 5023: 3707: 1478:"Chamber of Commerce Enlarged and Beautified: Liberty Street Structure Will Be Ready for Resumption of This Week" 1180: 3108:"Newest Home of Title Insurance; Lawyers' Company Finally Installed in Its Recently Completed Broadway Building" 551:, two ancient Roman gods that collectively depicted commerce. A carved marble band runs above the ground story. 5974: 5654: 5604: 5448: 5438: 5008: 4242: 717: 631:

each facing Liberty Street and Liberty Place. The dormer windows are topped by decorative hoods and flanked by

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Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in New York (state)

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to the north. Liberty Place serves as an alley between the Chamber of Commerce Building to the west and the

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annual luncheons drew hundreds of members, even though the previous quarters could fit only fifty people.

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building was constructed between 1901 and 1902 as the first headquarters to be built specifically for the

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was the primary orator at the opening ceremony. while the guests included then-current U.S. President

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The building is four stories high, plus a half-story attic. Its structural system consists of masonry

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Kusserow, Karl; Blackmar, Elizabeth; Staiti, Paul J; Bluestone, Daniel M; Barquist, David L (2013).

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bought the building in 1989 and the interior was subsequently renovated by Haines Lundberg Waehler.

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Eisenstadter, Ingrid (January 12, 1998). "What's old is new again as restoration catches on".

1952:"New Chamber of Commerce: a Handsome Structure to Be Built at Liberty-st. And Liberty Place". 6100: 6060: 5943: 5874: 5818: 5782: 5433: 5338: 4322: 4302: 4014: 3998: 3781: 3758: 3469: 3358: 2992: 2724: 1965: 1486: 583: 358: 68: 3666: 3625: 3244: 3198: 3152: 3106: 2941: 2775: 2665: 2574: 2428: 2388: 2340: 2236: 1880: 1831: 1725: 1523: 1378: 1327: 6372: 6198: 6055: 6014: 5849: 5684: 5649: 5629: 5463: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5068: 4983: 3423:"Downtown Office for Harriman Bank; Quarters in Chamber of Commerce Building on Liberty St" 952: 940: 849:

November 11, 1902, just more than a year after the opening ceremony. Former U.S. President

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On the second floor, in the three rightmost bays facing Liberty Street, there is a small

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chamber ultimately raised a collective $ 1.5 million. Subscribers to the fund included

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were placed at the end of this hall. The design of the stair was inspired by the

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as one of the city's largest vaults that did not belong to a safe-deposit firm.

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space. In 2007, the building was designated as a contributing property to the

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Picturing power: portraiture and its uses in the New York Chamber of Commerce

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1926 due to severe deterioration. After the Chamber of Commerce relocated to

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National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street

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The Liberty Street facade as shown in the Historic American Buildings Survey

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Stern, Robert A. M.; Gilmartin, Gregory; Massengale, John Montague (1983).

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clad with copper. The main facade on Liberty Street contains four vertical

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When the Chamber of Commerce Building was being constructed, a writer for

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Office buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan

6384: 6293: 5534: 5353: 5283: 5258: 5248: 5018: 4963: 4283: 2987:"Topics in New York: Cornerstone Laid for New Chamber of Commerce Home". 2777:"Chamber of Commerce: Fund of $ 1,000,000 for the New Building Completed" 2743:"Real Estate Exchange; Its Building on Liberty Street Sold for $ 580,000" 1216:

New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications

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List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street

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The chamber decided to sell 65 Liberty Street in 1979, relocating to

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Front view of the second-story colonnade on the rightmost three bays

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has a total area of 7,878 square feet (731.9 m). The lot has a

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The Chamber of Commerce Building's exterior was designated by the

2342:"Commercial Property: Unusual Spaces; An Oak Board Room, Anyone?" 511: 420:, U.S. It occupies the southeastern corner of a block bounded by 4344: 4046:. Photographs by Christopher Little. New York: Abbeville Press. 1796: 1295:

New York 1900: Metropolitan Architecture and Urbanism, 1890–1915

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with an elaborate carving. Above that entrance was a carving by

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The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide

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New York State Register of Historic Places in New York County

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and merging with the New York City Partnership to create the

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The structure is clad with Vermont marble and includes a

3952:"National Register of Historic Places 2007 Weekly Lists" 1290: 1335:; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). 1207: 514:. The marble blocks were quarried from a mine owned by 479:

style by architect James Barnes Baker, a member of the

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Historic district contributing properties in Manhattan

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in 1979, the building stood vacant for ten years. The

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The Chamber of Commerce Building was designed in the

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Herman, Robin; Johnston, Laurie (February 9, 1983).

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List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City

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The facade is made of Vermont marble upon a base of

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History of the National Register of Historic Places

5039:Firehouse, Engine Company 10 and Ladder Company 10 4039: 3884: 3584: 3540: 3497: 3459: 3421: 3383: 3348: 3293: 2821: 2192: 2149: 2089: 2001: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1476: 1471: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1292: 2003:"Chamber Finally Admits Public to Its Great Hall" 964:Later critics looked favorably on the structure. 877:The ground floor and basement were leased to the 6392: 4098: 3928:. U.S. Department of the Interior. p. 162. 2390:"Real Estate; Taiwan Bank In Manhattan Landmark" 1769: 1767: 992:and Christopher Little wrote in their 1985 book 6431:New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan 3586:"2 Major Business Units Make Merger Final Here" 1779: 1688: 1615:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 1462: 1329:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 1139:Howe, Kathy; Robins, Anthony (August 3, 2006). 1073:. February 6, 1979. p. 7538 (PDF p. 338). 1001:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 382:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission 3664: 3492: 3490: 3288: 3286: 2735: 2569: 2567: 2508: 2506: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2328: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1875: 1873: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1518: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1414: 392:in 1977. It is a contributing property to the 5049:New York County Lawyers' Association Building 4894: 4269: 4084: 3922:United States. Dept. of the Interior (1985). 3627:"For Business Group, Art Is a Moving Problem" 2618: 2616: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1764: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1360: 1358: 1356: 980:, compared the design of the exterior to the 757:in 1770, it held an inaugural meeting at the 428:to the south, Liberty Place to the east, and 6441:Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York 5713: 3775: 3003: 2479: 1602: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1577: 1575: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1567: 1565: 777: 751:Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York 481:Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York 328:Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York 4868:National Register of Historic Places Portal 3957:. National Park Service. 2007. p. 65. 3487: 3283: 2564: 2503: 2373: 2325: 2274: 2272: 1988: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1922: 1870: 1815: 1709: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1509: 1411: 1202: 1200: 1198: 404:The Chamber of Commerce Building is in the 388:(NRHP) in 1973. The building also became a 345:. The facade formerly contained statues of 5479:Lee, Higginson & Company Bank Building 5084:Trinity and United States Realty Buildings 4901: 4887: 4853: 4276: 4262: 4091: 4077: 3886:"Seven More Landmarks Chosen in Manhattan" 3769: 3738: 2980: 2704: 2613: 2151:"Chamber of Commerce Has Its Hall of Fame" 1938: 1353: 1177:National Historic Landmark summary listing 1138: 1109:; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). 860: 741:, while the top story became a cafeteria. 78:New York State Register of Historic Places 16:Commercial building in Manhattan, New York 5929:Leadership and Public Service High School 5454:Federal Reserve Bank of New York Building 4285:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 4024:"New York's Great Commercial Institution" 3944: 3807:. Vol. 64, no. 4. p. 503. 3798: 2624:"Chamber of Commerce Fittingly Dedicated" 2386: 1591: 1562: 1251:New York City Department of City Planning 492:New York City Department of City Planning 453:Federal Reserve Bank of New York Building 47:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 6426:National Historic Landmarks in Manhattan 5824:Queen Elizabeth II September 11th Garden 4034: 3925:Catalogue of National Historic Landmarks 3871: 3865: 3805:The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine 3780:. Vol. 14, no. 2. p. 36. 3009: 2485: 2269: 2000:Huxtable, Ada Louise (January 6, 1968). 1999: 1919: 1663: 1657: 1636: 1286: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1272: 1195: 1167: 1165: 889: 781: 774:iron-fronted building with six stories. 671: 553: 498:is 30,681 square feet (2,850.4 m). 3623: 2234: 1299:. New York: Rizzoli. pp. 189–190. 6406:Commercial buildings completed in 1902 6393: 4908: 3964:from the original on December 28, 2019 3708:"Art show to focus on industry giants" 3605:from the original on February 14, 2021 3582: 2876:from the original on February 15, 2021 2339:Dunlap, David W. (December 22, 1991). 2338: 2147: 2087: 1624:from the original on February 13, 2021 1436:"The New Chamber of Commerce Building" 1241: 1239: 1237: 1222:from the original on February 19, 2021 1134: 1132: 1101: 1099: 1097: 1095: 1080:from the original on December 30, 2016 1058: 1056: 1054: 1052: 920:International Commercial Bank of China 739:International Commercial Bank of China 697:at its center, surrounded by a gilded 375:International Commercial Bank of China 6035: 5905: 5712: 4933: 4882: 4257: 4072: 3718:from the original on February 9, 2021 3705: 3687:from the original on February 9, 2021 3542:"1902 Light System Kept as Tradition" 3271:from the original on January 16, 2022 3225:from the original on January 16, 2022 3179:from the original on January 16, 2022 3133:from the original on January 16, 2022 2968:from the original on January 16, 2022 2914:from the original on February 9, 2021 2802:from the original on January 16, 2022 2711:"Chamber of Commerce Building Fund". 2692:from the original on January 16, 2022 2601:from the original on January 16, 2022 2455:from the original on January 16, 2022 2440:. January 24, 1897. pp. 28, 30. 2387:Garbarine, Rachelle (July 31, 1991). 2361:from the original on February 4, 2020 2289: 2287: 2257:from the original on November 7, 2017 1907:from the original on January 16, 2022 1858:from the original on January 16, 2022 1752:from the original on January 16, 2022 1497:from the original on February 8, 2021 1269: 1162: 761:with twenty merchants in attendance. 6401:1902 establishments in New York City 5924:High School of Economics and Finance 5595:Knickerbocker Trust Company Building 5474:Keuffel & Esser Company Building 5389:Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House 4011:National Register of Historic Places 3995:National Register of Historic Places 1377:Gray, Christopher (April 23, 1989). 1376: 1145:National Register of Historic Places 924:National Register of Historic Places 710:Founding Father of the United States 396:, an NRHP district created in 2007. 386:National Register of Historic Places 5394:American Bank Note Company Building 5064:St. George's Syrian Catholic Church 3819:from the original on April 24, 2022 3564:from the original on April 24, 2022 3521:from the original on April 24, 2022 3317:from the original on April 24, 2022 3079:from the original on April 24, 2022 3033:from the original on April 24, 2022 2834:from the original on April 24, 2022 2638:from the original on April 24, 2022 2532:from the original on April 24, 2022 2409:from the original on April 24, 2022 2216:from the original on April 24, 2022 2173:from the original on April 24, 2022 2113:from the original on April 24, 2022 2088:Berger, Meyer (November 30, 1955). 2069:from the original on April 24, 2022 2022:from the original on April 24, 2022 1550:from the original on April 24, 2022 1446:from the original on March 14, 2022 1399:from the original on April 21, 2022 1257:from the original on April 24, 2022 1234: 1129: 1092: 1049: 13: 6036: 5934:Léman Manhattan Preparatory School 5139:St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church 5054:Old New York Evening Post Building 3706:Lewis, John (September 14, 1986). 3305:. September 22, 1926. p. 41. 3118:. September 27, 1908. p. 12. 2586:. September 28, 1902. p. 27. 2284: 2204:. November 23, 1924. p. X13. 14: 6462: 5600:Manhattan Life Insurance Building 5074:St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church 3932:from the original on May 17, 2021 3646:from the original on May 24, 2015 3624:Brenson, Michael (June 9, 1982). 2630:. November 11, 1902. pp. 1, 2305:from the original on May 29, 2021 2301:. November 16, 1902. p. 19. 928:New York City designated landmark 610:above. Above the colonnade is an 6378: 6366: 6354: 5660:Western Union Telegraph Building 5499:New York Stock Exchange Building 5444:Excelsior Power Company Building 4999:American Stock Exchange Building 4862: 4852: 4843: 4842: 4343: 4336: 3896:. January 29, 1966. p. 29. 3855: 3728: 3583:Seigel, Max H. (April 5, 1973). 3552:. January 18, 1927. p. 35. 3357:. October 14, 1926. p. 34. 3210:. February 6, 1921. p. 56. 3089: 3067:. November 18, 1903. p. 6. 3043: 3029:. November 18, 1903. p. 3. 2924: 2910:. February 21, 1901. p. 6. 2886: 2872:. January 16, 1901. p. 11. 2667:"A Chamber of Commerce Building" 2648: 2542: 2315: 1843:. November 12, 1902. p. 3. 1535:. January 1, 1922. p. 113. 1485:. January 1, 1922. p. A16. 1337:Guide to New York City Landmarks 727: 543:, which contained depictions of 103: 5134:Perelman Performing Arts Center 4030:. Vol. 13. pp. 55–69. 3915: 3877: 3845:. December 11, 1910. p. 25 3831: 3792: 3699: 3658: 3617: 3576: 3533: 3452: 3414: 3395:. August 22, 1926. p. E9. 3376: 3341: 3329: 3256:. January 6, 1922. p. 27. 3237: 3191: 3145: 3099: 3053: 3015: 2991:. November 9, 1901. p. 8. 2953:. November 9, 1901. p. 6. 2934: 2904:"News and Gossip from New York" 2896: 2858: 2846: 2814: 2768: 2658: 2552: 2491: 2467: 2421: 2235:Roberts, Sam (April 20, 2013). 2228: 2185: 2141: 2125: 2081: 2034: 1976: 693:, and horns. The ceiling has a 527:design, and is five bays wide. 470: 298:is a commercial building on 65 56:U.S. National Historic Landmark 5975:Federal Hall National Memorial 5449:Federal Hall National Memorial 5304:56 Beaver Street (Delmonico's) 5009:Bowling Green Offices Building 2520:. January 9, 1901. p. 6. 2148:Walker, Waldo (July 3, 1927). 1608:"Chamber of Commerce Building" 1321: 1173:"New York Chamber of Commerce" 718:President of the United States 643: 606:below each window, as well as 238: 227: 214: 90: 1: 6411:Financial District, Manhattan 5906: 4934: 3749:. April 10, 1989. p. 1. 3468:. June 13, 1929. p. 40. 3433:. June 11, 1929. p. 49. 3164:. June 5, 1921. p. 100. 1037: 1010:Wall Street Historic District 908:Partnership for New York City 836:In May 1902, chamber members 667: 394:Wall Street Historic District 384:in 1966 and was added to the 357:, which had been designed by 202:Wall Street Historic District 6446:Buildings with mansard roofs 5469:John Street Methodist Church 5414:Chamber of Commerce Building 5059:Robert and Anne Dickey House 4819:National Historic Landmarks 4099:New York City historic sites 4022:David, A.C. (January 1903). 4007:Chamber of Commerce Building 3988:Chamber of Commerce Building 3509:. July 7, 1944. p. 26. 2830:. April 5, 1900. p. 9. 2787:. April 6, 1900. p. 6. 2715:. June 12, 1897. p. 3. 2677:. June 2, 1897. p. 11. 1042: 885: 302:, between Liberty Place and 296:Chamber of Commerce Building 39:Chamber of Commerce Building 28:United States historic place 7: 6336:Manhattan Community Board 1 6158:Downtown Manhattan Heliport 6005:New York City Police Museum 5954:Pine Street School New York 5494:New York City Police Museum 4166:National Historic Landmarks 3853:– via newspapers.com 3799:Blackshaw, Randall (1902). 3726:– via newspapers.com 3087:– via newspapers.com 3041:– via newspapers.com 3023:"Notable Event in New York" 2922:– via newspapers.com 2884:– via newspapers.com 2646:– via newspapers.com 2540:– via newspapers.com 2313:– via newspapers.com 1892:. May 22, 1902. p. 8. 1015: 968:, architectural writer for 912:New-York Historical Society 755:George III of Great Britain 638: 10: 6467: 5995:Museum of American Finance 3980: 3336:National Park Service 1977 2866:"Chamber of Commerce Site" 2853:National Park Service 1977 2514:"Chamber of Commerce Site" 2498:National Park Service 1977 2136:National Park Service 1977 2132:National Park Service 1973 1983:National Park Service 1973 1956:. May 2, 1901. p. 5. 1810:National Park Service 1977 1806:National Park Service 1973 1791:National Park Service 1973 1737:. May 2, 1901. p. 7. 1704:National Park Service 1977 1586:National Park Service 1977 1582:National Park Service 1973 1247:"59 Liberty Street, 10038" 1112:AIA Guide to New York City 1005:National Historic Landmark 744: 390:National Historic Landmark 18: 6330: 6171: 6150: 6133:Battery Maritime Building 6046: 6042: 6031: 6000:Museum of Jewish Heritage 5985:George Gustav Heye Center 5962: 5916: 5912: 5901: 5842: 5799:Elizabeth H. Berger Plaza 5775: 5723: 5719: 5708: 5620:New York Tribune Building 5615:New York Produce Exchange 5580:Hanover National Building 5522: 5419:Continental Bank Building 5159: 5144:Vehicular Security Center 4944: 4940: 4929: 4916: 4838: 4807: 4687: 4352: 4334: 4295: 4181: 4104: 3778:Crain's New York Business 3061:"Statuary Group Unveiled" 2559:Architectural Record 1903 2474:Architectural Record 1903 2430:"The Chamber of Commerce" 2279:Architectural Record 1903 1933:Architectural Record 1903 1774:Architectural Record 1903 1683:Architectural Record 1903 933: 778:Planning and construction 501: 284: 276: 268: 260: 252: 247: 236: 225: 213:NRHP reference 212: 197: 187: 179: 171: 134: 118: 114: 102: 98: 84: 75: 62: 53: 44: 37: 33: 6086:South Ferry/Whitehall St 5714:Other points of interest 5540:Barnum's American Museum 5399:American Surety Building 4572:Richmond (Staten Island) 3843:The Brooklyn Daily Eagle 3813:2027/uiug.30112113988072 2870:The Brooklyn Daily Eagle 2295:"Largest Rug in America" 2238:"300 Portraits of Power" 819:Cornelius Vanderbilt III 188:Architectural style 5783:Austin J. Tobin Plaza‎‎ 5625:New York World Building 5560:Equitable Life Building 5555:City Investing Building 5504:New York Times Building 5409:Broad Exchange Building 5079:Transportation Building 3747:The Wall Street Journal 3466:New York Herald Tribune 3355:New York Herald Tribune 861:Chamber of Commerce use 823:William Collins Whitney 566:with six double-height 399: 6076:Rector St/Greenwich St 5939:Millennium High School 5829:Vietnam Veterans Plaza 5809:Imagination Playground 5530:Alexander Macomb House 5094:Trinity Court Building 5029:Downtown Athletic Club 5004:Barclay–Vesey Building 4308:Keeper of the Register 2908:Democrat and Chronicle 895: 787: 677: 559: 337:masonry base, a short 277:Designated NYSRHP 87:New York City Landmark 65:U.S. Historic district 5944:New York Film Academy 5819:Louise Nevelson Plaza 5434:Down Town Association 4828:Outside New York City 4323:National Park Service 4303:Contributing property 4015:National Park Service 3999:National Park Service 3668:"New York Day by Day" 3483:– via ProQuest. 3372:– via ProQuest. 2842:– via ProQuest. 1505:– via ProQuest. 893: 785: 675: 584:Daniel Chester French 557: 359:Daniel Chester French 156:40.70889°N 74.00972°W 69:Contributing property 6204:Church/Trinity Place 6081:Rector St/Trinity Pl 6015:South Street Seaport 5850:Brasserie Les Halles 5650:Tontine Coffee House 5630:Pearl Street Station 5464:Home Insurance Plaza 4984:125 Greenwich Street 4512:New York (Manhattan) 4028:Architectural Record 4017:. December 22, 1977. 3027:The Buffalo Enquirer 2628:The Brooklyn Citizen 1617:. January 18, 1966. 1012:, an NRHP district. 953:Brooklyn Daily Eagle 947:Architectural Record 941:The Century Magazine 842:John Stewart Kennedy 838:Morris Ketchum Jesup 793:Architectural Record 285:Designated NYCL 21:75 Livingston Street 6163:Wall Street Skyport 6123:Pier 11/Wall Street 5379:170–176 John Street 5184:1 Wall Street Court 4979:94 Greenwich Street 4974:88 Greenwich Street 4815:Bridges and tunnels 4001:. February 6, 1973. 3712:New York Daily News 1071:Library of Congress 976:, in his 1983 book 966:Ada Louise Huxtable 871:Piccirilli Brothers 815:John D. Rockefeller 799:Alexander Ector Orr 602:, with a frieze of 490:. According to the 261:Designated NHL 161:40.70889; -74.00972 152: / 6138:Whitehall Terminal 6113:World Trade Center 6091:Wall St/William St 5875:Rolfe's Chop House 5665:World Trade Center 5565:Gillender Building 5439:Equitable Building 5424:Continental Center 5104:World Trade Center 5099:Whitehall Building 5044:James Watson House 4910:Financial District 3894:The New York Times 3801:"The New New York" 3673:The New York Times 3632:The New York Times 3591:The New York Times 3550:The New York Times 3507:The New York Times 3431:The New York Times 3393:The New York Times 3303:The New York Times 3254:The New York Times 3208:The New York Times 3162:The New York Times 3116:The New York Times 3065:The New York Times 2951:The New York Times 2785:The New York Times 2747:The New York Times 2675:The New York Times 2584:The New York Times 2561:, pp. 57, 61. 2518:The New York Times 2438:The New York Times 2395:The New York Times 2347:The New York Times 2299:The Standard Union 2243:The New York Times 2202:The New York Times 2159:The New York Times 2099:The New York Times 2008:The New York Times 1890:The New York Times 1841:The New York Times 1776:, pp. 61, 65. 1735:The New York Times 1533:The New York Times 1385:The New York Times 1333:Dolkart, Andrew S. 974:Robert A. M. Stern 970:The New York Times 958:The New York Times 900:200 Madison Avenue 896: 855:Theodore Roosevelt 788: 706:Alexander Hamilton 678: 592:Alexander Hamilton 560: 488:load-bearing walls 463:to the south, and 459:to the southeast, 406:Financial District 351:Alexander Hamilton 308:Financial District 269:Designated CP 183:James Barnes Baker 6342: 6341: 6326: 6325: 6322: 6321: 6027: 6026: 6023: 6022: 6010:Skyscraper Museum 5897: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5804:Hudson River Park 5704: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5635:St. Paul Building 5610:Mortimer Building 5509:Park Row Building 5364:150 Nassau Street 5339:90–94 Maiden Lane 5254:28 Liberty Street 5234:20 Exchange Place 5160:East of Broadway/ 5069:St. Paul's Chapel 4945:West of Broadway/ 4876: 4875: 4313:Historic district 4251: 4250: 4106:National Register 4053:978-0-89659-458-6 3012:, pp. 11–12. 2488:, pp. 10–11. 2054:978-0-231-12358-7 1346:978-0-470-28963-1 1156:National Archives 1122:978-0-19538-386-7 982:Paris Opéra House 926:(NRHP) and was a 904:Midtown Manhattan 827:Guggenheim family 465:One Liberty Plaza 457:28 Liberty Street 371:Midtown Manhattan 292: 291: 272:February 20, 2007 264:December 22, 1977 248:Significant dates 122:65 Liberty Street 6458: 6383: 6382: 6381: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6359: 6358: 6350: 6096:Wall St/Broadway 6044: 6043: 6033: 6032: 5914: 5913: 5903: 5902: 5776:Parks and plazas 5724:Arts and culture 5721: 5720: 5710: 5709: 5575:Government House 5523:Former buildings 5404:Bennett Building 5384:250 Water Street 5374:161 Water Street 5324:63 Nassau Street 5204:5 Beekman Street 5199:2 New York Plaza 5189:1 William Street 5174:1 New York Plaza 5169:1 Hanover Square 4989:130 Cedar Street 4942: 4941: 4931: 4930: 4903: 4896: 4889: 4880: 4879: 4866: 4856: 4855: 4846: 4845: 4477:Kings (Brooklyn) 4347: 4340: 4339: 4278: 4271: 4264: 4255: 4254: 4243:Scenic landmarks 4093: 4086: 4079: 4070: 4069: 4065: 4045: 4042:Elegant New York 4031: 4018: 4002: 3992: 3974: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3963: 3956: 3948: 3942: 3941: 3939: 3937: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3891: 3888: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3859: 3852: 3850: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3796: 3790: 3789: 3773: 3767: 3766: 3742: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3732: 3725: 3723: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3692: 3670: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3629: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3610: 3588: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3547: 3544: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3504: 3501: 3494: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3463: 3456: 3450: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3428: 3425: 3418: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3390: 3387: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3352: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3300: 3297: 3290: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3270: 3251: 3248: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3224: 3205: 3202: 3195: 3189: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3178: 3159: 3156: 3149: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3132: 3113: 3110: 3103: 3097: 3096: 3094: 3093: 3086: 3084: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3047: 3040: 3038: 3019: 3013: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2984: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2967: 2948: 2945: 2938: 2932: 2931: 2929: 2928: 2921: 2919: 2900: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2890: 2883: 2881: 2862: 2856: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2828:New-York Tribune 2825: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2801: 2782: 2779: 2772: 2766: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2749:. May 11, 1899. 2739: 2733: 2732: 2713:New-York Tribune 2708: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2691: 2672: 2669: 2662: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2652: 2645: 2643: 2620: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2600: 2581: 2578: 2571: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2546: 2539: 2537: 2510: 2501: 2495: 2489: 2483: 2477: 2471: 2465: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2454: 2435: 2432: 2425: 2419: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2392: 2384: 2371: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2344: 2336: 2323: 2322: 2320: 2319: 2312: 2310: 2291: 2282: 2276: 2267: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2240: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2199: 2196: 2189: 2183: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2156: 2153: 2145: 2139: 2129: 2123: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2096: 2093: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2029: 2027: 2005: 1997: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1973: 1954:New-York Tribune 1949: 1936: 1930: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1912: 1906: 1887: 1884: 1877: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1857: 1838: 1835: 1828: 1813: 1803: 1794: 1788: 1777: 1771: 1762: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1751: 1732: 1729: 1722: 1707: 1701: 1686: 1680: 1661: 1655: 1634: 1633: 1631: 1629: 1623: 1612: 1604: 1589: 1579: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1549: 1530: 1527: 1520: 1507: 1506: 1504: 1502: 1483:New-York Tribune 1480: 1473: 1460: 1459: 1453: 1451: 1432: 1409: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1382: 1374: 1351: 1350: 1325: 1319: 1318: 1298: 1288: 1267: 1266: 1264: 1262: 1243: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1227: 1204: 1193: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1169: 1160: 1159: 1153: 1151: 1136: 1127: 1126: 1103: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1085: 1079: 1068: 1060: 994:Elegant New York 851:Grover Cleveland 846:William E. Dodge 767:trading exchange 714:Ulysses S. Grant 661:New-York Tribune 516:Redfield Proctor 496:gross floor area 288:January 18, 1966 256:February 6, 1973 240: 229: 216: 167: 166: 164: 163: 162: 157: 153: 150: 149: 148: 145: 107: 92: 31: 30: 6466: 6465: 6461: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6456: 6455: 6391: 6390: 6389: 6379: 6377: 6367: 6365: 6353: 6345: 6343: 6338: 6318: 6167: 6151:Other transport 6146: 6048: 6038: 6019: 5980:Fraunces Tavern 5970:China Institute 5958: 5949:Pace University 5908: 5889: 5885:The Dead Rabbit 5870:Fraunces Tavern 5838: 5771: 5751:Four Continents 5715: 5696: 5640:Singer Building 5590:Kemble Building 5570:Gilsey Building 5518: 5514:Potter Building 5459:Fraunces Tavern 5429:Corbin Building 5369:161 Maiden Lane 5349:120 Wall Street 5344:116 John Street 5299:55 Water Street 5289:55 Broad Street 5274:45 Broad Street 5244:25 Water Street 5224:17 State Street 5214:15 Broad Street 5161: 5155: 5034:Empire Building 5024:Cunard Building 4946: 4936: 4925: 4912: 4907: 4877: 4872: 4834: 4803: 4755:Above 110th St. 4689: 4683: 4354: 4348: 4342: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4291: 4282: 4252: 4247: 4216:Smaller islands 4177: 4139:Smaller islands 4100: 4097: 4054: 3990: 3983: 3978: 3977: 3967: 3965: 3961: 3954: 3950: 3949: 3945: 3935: 3933: 3920: 3916: 3906: 3904: 3889: 3883: 3882: 3878: 3870: 3866: 3854: 3848: 3846: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3822: 3820: 3797: 3793: 3774: 3770: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3727: 3721: 3719: 3714:. p. 744. 3704: 3700: 3690: 3688: 3663: 3659: 3649: 3647: 3622: 3618: 3608: 3606: 3581: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3534: 3524: 3522: 3502: 3496: 3495: 3488: 3478: 3476: 3458: 3457: 3453: 3443: 3441: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3405: 3403: 3388: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3347: 3346: 3342: 3334: 3330: 3320: 3318: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3284: 3274: 3272: 3268: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3238: 3228: 3226: 3222: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3192: 3182: 3180: 3176: 3157: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3136: 3134: 3130: 3111: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3088: 3082: 3080: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3042: 3036: 3034: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3008: 3004: 2986: 2985: 2981: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2946: 2940: 2939: 2935: 2923: 2917: 2915: 2902: 2901: 2897: 2885: 2879: 2877: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2851: 2847: 2837: 2835: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2805: 2803: 2799: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2769: 2759: 2757: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2710: 2709: 2705: 2695: 2693: 2689: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2659: 2647: 2641: 2639: 2622: 2621: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2598: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2565: 2557: 2553: 2541: 2535: 2533: 2512: 2511: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2480: 2472: 2468: 2458: 2456: 2452: 2433: 2427: 2426: 2422: 2412: 2410: 2385: 2374: 2364: 2362: 2337: 2326: 2314: 2308: 2306: 2293: 2292: 2285: 2277: 2270: 2260: 2258: 2233: 2229: 2219: 2217: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2176: 2174: 2154: 2146: 2142: 2130: 2126: 2116: 2114: 2094: 2086: 2082: 2072: 2070: 2055: 2039: 2035: 2025: 2023: 1998: 1989: 1981: 1977: 1951: 1950: 1939: 1931: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1871: 1861: 1859: 1855: 1836: 1830: 1829: 1816: 1804: 1797: 1789: 1780: 1772: 1765: 1755: 1753: 1749: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1710: 1702: 1689: 1681: 1664: 1656: 1637: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1592: 1580: 1563: 1553: 1551: 1547: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1510: 1500: 1498: 1475: 1474: 1463: 1449: 1447: 1434: 1433: 1412: 1402: 1400: 1375: 1354: 1347: 1326: 1322: 1307: 1289: 1270: 1260: 1258: 1245: 1244: 1235: 1225: 1223: 1206: 1205: 1196: 1186: 1184: 1183:on June 5, 2011 1171: 1170: 1163: 1149: 1147: 1137: 1130: 1123: 1104: 1093: 1083: 1081: 1077: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1018: 986:Charles Garnier 936: 888: 863: 807:Andrew Carnegie 780: 771:Abiel Abbot Low 759:Fraunces Tavern 747: 730: 670: 646: 641: 504: 494:, the interior 473: 443:The building's 440:, to the east. 402: 341:, and a copper 160: 158: 154: 151: 146: 143: 141: 139: 138: 123: 110: 94: 80: 71: 67: 58: 49: 40: 29: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6464: 6454: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6388: 6387: 6375: 6363: 6340: 6339: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6324: 6323: 6320: 6319: 6317: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6175: 6173: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6165: 6160: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6144: 6143: 6142: 6141: 6140: 6135: 6125: 6117: 6116: 6115: 6105: 6104: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6052: 6050: 6040: 6039: 6037:Transportation 6029: 6028: 6025: 6024: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5966: 5964: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5920: 5918: 5910: 5909: 5899: 5898: 5895: 5894: 5891: 5890: 5888: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5846: 5844: 5843:Food and drink 5840: 5839: 5837: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5779: 5777: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5769: 5761: 5754: 5747: 5740: 5735: 5727: 5725: 5717: 5716: 5706: 5705: 5702: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5662: 5657: 5655:Tower Building 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5605:Mills Building 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5545:Blair Building 5542: 5537: 5532: 5526: 5524: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5489:Morse Building 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5334:75 Wall Street 5331: 5329:70 Pine Street 5326: 5321: 5319:63 Wall Street 5316: 5314:60 Wall Street 5311: 5309:56 Pine Street 5306: 5301: 5296: 5294:55 Wall Street 5291: 5286: 5281: 5279:48 Wall Street 5276: 5271: 5269:40 Wall Street 5266: 5264:37 Wall Street 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5239:23 Wall Street 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5209:14 Wall Street 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5165: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5153: 5152: 5151: 5149:Westfield Mall 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5089:Trinity Church 5086: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5014:Castle Clinton 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4969:90 West Street 4966: 4961: 4959:21 West Street 4956: 4950: 4948: 4938: 4937: 4927: 4926: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4906: 4905: 4898: 4891: 4883: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4870: 4860: 4850: 4839: 4836: 4835: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4817: 4811: 4809: 4805: 4804: 4802: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4765: 4764: 4763: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4750:59th–110th St. 4747: 4742: 4740:Below 14th St. 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4711:New York City 4709: 4704: 4699: 4693: 4691: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4670: 4669: 4664: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4358: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4335: 4333: 4331: 4330: 4328:Property types 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4292: 4281: 4280: 4273: 4266: 4258: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4213: 4211:Above 110th St 4208: 4206:59th–110th Sts 4203: 4198: 4187: 4185: 4183:City Landmarks 4179: 4178: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4173: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4142: 4141: 4136: 4134:Above 110th St 4131: 4129:59th–110th Sts 4126: 4121: 4110: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4096: 4095: 4088: 4081: 4073: 4067: 4066: 4052: 4036:Tauranac, John 4032: 4019: 4003: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3943: 3914: 3876: 3864: 3830: 3791: 3768: 3737: 3698: 3657: 3616: 3575: 3532: 3486: 3451: 3413: 3375: 3340: 3328: 3282: 3236: 3190: 3144: 3098: 3052: 3014: 3002: 2979: 2933: 2895: 2857: 2845: 2813: 2767: 2734: 2703: 2657: 2612: 2563: 2551: 2502: 2490: 2478: 2466: 2420: 2372: 2324: 2283: 2268: 2227: 2184: 2140: 2124: 2101:. p. 38. 2080: 2053: 2033: 1987: 1975: 1937: 1918: 1869: 1814: 1795: 1778: 1763: 1708: 1687: 1662: 1635: 1590: 1561: 1508: 1461: 1410: 1352: 1345: 1320: 1305: 1268: 1233: 1194: 1161: 1128: 1121: 1091: 1047: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1017: 1014: 935: 932: 887: 884: 862: 859: 779: 776: 746: 743: 729: 726: 669: 666: 645: 642: 640: 637: 629:dormer windows 596:Philip Martiny 580:DeWitt Clinton 568:fluted columns 532:segmental arch 503: 500: 472: 469: 426:Liberty Street 401: 398: 363:Philip Martiny 355:DeWitt Clinton 300:Liberty Street 290: 289: 286: 282: 281: 278: 274: 273: 270: 266: 265: 262: 258: 257: 254: 250: 249: 245: 244: 241: 234: 233: 230: 223: 222: 217: 210: 209: 199: 195: 194: 189: 185: 184: 181: 177: 176: 173: 169: 168: 136: 132: 131: 120: 116: 115: 112: 111: 108: 100: 99: 96: 95: 85: 82: 81: 76: 73: 72: 63: 60: 59: 54: 51: 50: 45: 42: 41: 38: 35: 34: 27: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6463: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6398: 6396: 6386: 6376: 6374: 6373:New York City 6364: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6351: 6348: 6337: 6334: 6329: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6284:Theatre Alley 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6176: 6174: 6170: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6155: 6153: 6149: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6130: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6120: 6118: 6114: 6111: 6110: 6109: 6106: 6102: 6101:WTC Cortlandt 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6071:Fulton Street 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6061:Bowling Green 6059: 6058: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6051: 6045: 6041: 6034: 6030: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5961: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5915: 5911: 5904: 5900: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5847: 5845: 5841: 5835: 5834:Zuccotti Park 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5794:Bowling Green 5792: 5790: 5787: 5784: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5774: 5768: 5766: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5744:Fearless Girl 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5733: 5732:Charging Bull 5729: 5728: 5726: 5722: 5718: 5711: 5707: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5667: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5521: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5484:Liberty Tower 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5179:1 Wall Street 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5166: 5164: 5158: 5150: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4949: 4943: 4939: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4923:New York City 4920: 4915: 4911: 4904: 4899: 4897: 4892: 4890: 4885: 4884: 4881: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4859: 4851: 4849: 4841: 4840: 4837: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4823:New York City 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4806: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4769:Niagara Falls 4767: 4761: 4760:Minor islands 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4745:14th–59th St. 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4730:Staten Island 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4686: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4659: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4351: 4346: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4279: 4274: 4272: 4267: 4265: 4260: 4259: 4256: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4233:Staten Island 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4201:14th–59th Sts 4199: 4197: 4196:Below 14th St 4194: 4193: 4192: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4172: 4171:New York City 4169: 4168: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4156:Staten Island 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4124:14th–59th Sts 4122: 4120: 4119:Below 14th St 4117: 4116: 4115: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4103: 4094: 4089: 4087: 4082: 4080: 4075: 4074: 4071: 4063: 4059: 4055: 4049: 4044: 4043: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3989: 3985: 3984: 3960: 3953: 3947: 3931: 3927: 3926: 3918: 3903: 3899: 3895: 3887: 3880: 3874:, p. 12. 3873: 3872:Tauranac 1985 3868: 3858: 3844: 3840: 3834: 3818: 3814: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3795: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3772: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3741: 3731: 3717: 3713: 3709: 3702: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3669: 3661: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3628: 3620: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3587: 3579: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3543: 3536: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3500: 3493: 3491: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3455: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3424: 3417: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3386: 3379: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3351: 3344: 3337: 3332: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3289: 3287: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3247: 3240: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3201: 3194: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3155: 3148: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3109: 3102: 3092: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3046: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3018: 3011: 3010:Tauranac 1985 3006: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2983: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2944: 2937: 2927: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2899: 2889: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2861: 2854: 2849: 2833: 2829: 2824: 2817: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2778: 2771: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2738: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2707: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2668: 2661: 2651: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2619: 2617: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2577: 2570: 2568: 2560: 2555: 2545: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2509: 2507: 2499: 2494: 2487: 2486:Tauranac 1985 2482: 2476:, p. 57. 2475: 2470: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2431: 2424: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2391: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2329: 2318: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2290: 2288: 2281:, p. 69. 2280: 2275: 2273: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2231: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2195: 2188: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2161:. p. 8. 2160: 2152: 2144: 2137: 2134:, p. 3; 2133: 2128: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2092: 2084: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2050: 2046: 2045: 2037: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1984: 1979: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1935:, p. 65. 1934: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1883: 1876: 1874: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1834: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1811: 1808:, p. 3; 1807: 1802: 1800: 1792: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1775: 1770: 1768: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1728: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1705: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1685:, p. 61. 1684: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1669: 1667: 1660:, p. 11. 1659: 1658:Tauranac 1985 1654: 1652: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1644: 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