315:, the boundary line runs generally southward along the above-mentioned main watershed up to a mountaintop south of the Daban (Pass), where it leaves the main watershed to follow the crest of a spur lying generally in a south-easterly direction, which is the watershed between the Akjilga River (a nameless corresponding river on the Pakistan map) on the one hand, and the Taghdumbash (Oprang River) and the Keliman Su (Oprang Jilga) on the other hand. According to the map of the Chinese side, the boundary line, after leaving the southeastern extremity of this spur, runs along a small section of the middle line of the bed of the Keliman Su to reach its confluence with the Kelechin River. According to the map of the Pakistan side, the boundary line, after leaving the southeastern extremity of this spur, reaches the sharp bend of the Shaksgam or Mustagh River.
221:
443:
321:(4) From the confluence of the aforesaid two rivers, the boundary line, according to the map of the Chinese side, ascends the crest of a spur and runs along it to join the Karakoram Range main watershed at a mountain-top (reference co-ordinates approximately Longitude 75° 54' E. and Latitude 36° 15' N.), which on this map is shown as belonging to the Shorbulak Mountain. According to the map of the Pakistan side, the boundary line from the confluence of the above-mentioned two rivers ascends the crest of a corresponding spur and runs along it; passing through Height 6,520 metres (21,300 feet) till it joins the Karakoram Range main watershed at a peak (reference co-ordinates approximately Longitude 75° 57' E. and Latitude 36° 03' N.).
459:
427:
1046:
50:
415:
333:
324:(5) Thence, the boundary line, running generally southward and then eastward, strictly follows the Karakoram Range main watershed which separates the Tarim River drainage system from the Indus River drainage system, passing through the East Mustagh Pass (Muztagh Pass), the top of the Chogri Peak (K2), the top of the Broad Peak, the top of the Gasherbrum Mountain (8068) Indirakoli Pass (named on the Chinese map only) and the top of the Teram Kangri Peak, and reaches its southeastern extremity at the Karakoram Pass."
125:
116:
29:
1289:
1056:
61:
210:
292:"Article Two ... (1) Commencing from its northwestern extremity at height 5,630 metres (a peak, the reference co-ordinates of which are approximately Longitude 74° 34' E and Latitude 37° 03' N), the boundary line runs generally eastward and then southeastward strictly along the main watershed between the tributaries of the
372:
in
Kashmir, thereby altering the de facto China-India-Pakistan tripoint. Article 6 of the 1963 Sino-Pakistan treaty provides for a renegotiation of the China-Pakistan boundary if the Kashmir dispute is resolved. However, with Indian relations still cool with China, and poor-to-hostile with Pakistan,
318:(3) From the aforesaid point, the boundary line runs up the Kelechin River (Shaksgam or Muztagh River) along the middle line of its bed to its confluence (reference co-ordinates approximately Longitude 76° 02' E. and Latitude 36° 26' N.) with the Sorbulak Daria (Shimshal River or Braldu River).
367:
in its entirety, a claim which negates any Sino-Pakistani border and indeed would give India a common border with
Afghanistan. India refuses to recognise the legality of the 1963 Sino-Pakistan treaty or the cession of the Trans-Karakorum Tract (Shaksgam Valley) to China, a position further
426:
442:
252:
Over the following decades a variety of maps were issues by all sides in the dispute, showing wildly varying boundaries. India and
Pakistan inherited the dispute upon independence in 1947, further complicated by their
308:(Pass), the Kharchanai Daban (named on the Chinese map only), the Kutejilga Daban (named on the Chinese map only), and the Parpik Pass (named on the Pakistan map only), and reaches the Khunjerab (Yutr) Daban (Pass).
1012:
458:
261:. The issue came to the fore in the early 1960s, at a time of intense tension in the region due to ongoing failure to solve the Indo-Pakistani dispute over Kashmir, a much larger Chinese presence in
356:
used by the
Pakistani government annotates Ladakh's boundary with China as "frontier undefined", whose status would be formalised by "the sovereign authorities concerned after the settlement of the
658:
1042:
414:
368:
complicated by the fact that large sections of the rest of the China-India boundary are also disputed. In 1984 India began moving troops to the hitherto unsettled
1034:
723:
273:
region. In 1961 China and
Pakistan agreed in principle to demarcate their common border; negotiations commenced the following year, with the final
954:
277:
being signed in 1963. Both sides made concessions in the treaty, with
Pakistan giving China the area around the Shaksgam Valley known as the
382:
1202:
1171:
1027:
799:
738:
1076:
1071:
220:
1161:
977:
1317:
1292:
1097:
1020:
281:. Following the treaty a series of maps and aerial surveys of the border area were made and boundary pillars were installed.
1156:
249:
to the
Chinese government, however the Chinese never responded to the proposal and thus this border was never formalised.
241:
when
Britain controlled India, which then included what is now Pakistan. In 1899, the British, via its envoy to China Sir
1312:
364:
258:
1102:
947:
187:
1248:
1238:
1123:
1118:
999:
199:
1332:
792:
573:
433:
432:
Historical map including part of the China-Kashmir (disputed between India and
Pakistan) border area from the
1207:
1133:
709:
631:
1327:
1050:
940:
870:
825:
489:
1274:
1253:
1212:
1197:
1181:
885:
845:
840:
494:
1322:
1243:
989:
855:
785:
345:
1176:
994:
890:
860:
420:
Map of the
Kashmir region, showing the overlapping Chinese, Indian and Pakistani territorial claims
1092:
909:
880:
830:
274:
102:
92:
1217:
865:
835:
465:
349:
464:
Historical map including the China-Kashmir (disputed between India and Pakistan) border area (
1166:
1128:
850:
659:"Pakistan map claims J&K, Ladakh, parts of Gujarat; India calls it 'political absurdity'"
557:
363:
Conversely, the China–Pakistan border is not recognised by India, which claims the erstwhile
278:
746:
1138:
914:
304:
of the Indus River system on the other hand, passing through the Kilik Daban (Dawan), the
8:
921:
156:
528:
From map: "DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE"
403:
have also been used; however those crossings do not have vehicle access and are closed.
760:
203:
195:
479:
449:
392:
391:
is the only modern day border crossing between China and Pakistan, accessed via the
808:
599:
484:
357:
293:
254:
242:
179:
176:
172:
332:
369:
266:
191:
168:
152:
537:
From map: "NAMES AND BOUNDARY REPRESENTATION ARE NOT NECESSARILY AUTHORITATIVE"
388:
312:
246:
225:
164:
160:
124:
1306:
1268:
353:
340:
Pakistan maintains a territorial claim on the Indian-administered region of
509:
504:
396:
305:
115:
143:
is 596 kilometres (370 mi) and runs west–east from the tripoint with
972:
301:
297:
238:
144:
28:
724:"Siachen: While the battle continues to rage, no settlement is in sight"
499:
400:
270:
932:
1263:
289:
The 1963 Sino-Pakistani agreement delimited the boundary as follows:
685:"In landmark move, PM Imran unveils 'new political map' of Pakistan"
684:
587:
1055:
777:
183:
66:
269:
of 1962 in which China had seized control of the Indian-claimed
1258:
341:
1045:
633:
International Boundary Study No. 85 – China-Pakistan Boundary
262:
148:
55:
373:
it is unlikely the boundary dispute will be resolved soon.
336:
Khunjerab Pass, border crossing between China and Pakistan.
209:
216:, the world's second-tallest mountain, lies on the border
213:
348:
state), which shares a border with China (see also:
716:
300:system on the one hand and the tributaries of the
1304:
237:The modern border dates from the period of the
159:, one of the world's tallest mountain ranges.
1028:
948:
793:
702:
604:
580:
1172:Quadrilateral Traffic in Transit Agreement
1035:
1021:
955:
941:
800:
786:
566:
27:
762:Caravanistan - Pakistan border crossings
736:
682:
656:
331:
219:
208:
962:
626:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
586:(in Simplified Chinese). Archived from
383:List of China–Pakistan border crossings
1305:
1203:China–Pakistan Power Plant Corporation
133:Chinese and Pakistani boundary markers
1098:State visit by Xi Jinping to Pakistan
1016:
936:
781:
807:
753:
613:
245:, proposed what became known as the
1162:China–Pakistan Free Trade Agreement
450:Afghanistan-China-Pakistan tripoint
448:Map of Afghanistan-China Boundary (
376:
13:
683:Siddiqui, Naveed (4 August 2020).
657:Parashar, Sachin (5 August 2020).
327:
224:Chinese and Pakistani soldiers at
14:
1344:
1293:Category:China–Pakistan relations
1103:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
188:Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County
1288:
1287:
1249:Pakistan Embassy College Beijing
1157:China–Pakistan Economic Corridor
1124:Karachi Chinese consulate attack
1119:Anti-China terrorism in Pakistan
1077:Ambassadors of Pakistan to China
1072:Ambassadors of China to Pakistan
1054:
1044:
457:
452:labeled as 5630 (18471)) (1969)
441:
425:
413:
200:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
123:
114:
59:
48:
33:Map of the China-Pakistan border
531:
522:
228:, China-Pakistan border in 2007
730:
676:
650:
605:
581:
550:
434:International Map of the World
311:(2) After passing through the
284:
147:to the disputed tripoint with
1:
1208:Karachi Nuclear Power Complex
1134:University of Karachi bombing
559:CIA World Factbook - Pakistan
544:
313:Khunjerab (Yutr) Daban (Pass)
1239:Hong Kong–Pakistan relations
710:"India-China Border Dispute"
606:与巴基斯坦、印控克什米尔地区接壤，边境线长达80多公里。
76:559 kilometres (347 mi)
7:
1254:Pak-China Friendship Centre
1213:Khan Khwar Hydropower Plant
1198:Chashma Nuclear Power Plant
1182:Saindak Copper Gold Project
473:
10:
1349:
495:Sino-Indian border dispute
380:
365:state of Jammu and Kashmir
232:
91:after ratification of the
1284:
1226:
1190:
1149:
1111:
1085:
1064:
968:
899:
815:
358:Jammu and Kashmir dispute
98:
85:
80:
72:
43:
38:
26:
21:
1318:China–Pakistan relations
1177:Heavy Mechanical Complex
1051:China–Pakistan relations
574:
515:
490:China–Pakistan relations
344:(formerly a part of the
1275:The China–Pakistan Axis
1244:Danyor Chinese Cemetery
1093:Sino-Pakistan Agreement
406:
275:Sino-Pakistan Agreement
192:Kargilik/Yecheng County
151:in the vicinity of the
103:Sino-Pakistan Agreement
1218:Nandipur Power Project
350:Line of Actual Control
337:
229:
217:
1333:International borders
1313:China–Pakistan border
1167:Trans-Karakoram Tract
1129:Gwadar suicide attack
712:. GlobalSecurity.org.
335:
279:Trans-Karakoram Tract
223:
212:
141:China–Pakistan border
22:China–Pakistan border
915:Frontier Closed Area
749:on 22 February 2014.
739:"Bullish on Siachen"
93:Sino-Pakistan Treaty
16:International border
1328:Borders of Pakistan
963:Borders of Pakistan
562:, 24 September 2018
395:. Historically the
157:Karakoram Mountains
155:. It traverses the
1150:Economic relations
639:, 15 November 1968
590:on 21 January 2019
338:
257:over ownership of
230:
218:
196:Kashgar Prefecture
86:Current shape
1300:
1299:
1010:
1009:
930:
929:
918:
743:The Crest Edition
480:Chalachigu Valley
393:Karakorum Highway
346:Jammu and Kashmir
259:Jammu and Kashmir
108:
107:
1340:
1323:Borders of China
1291:
1290:
1191:Energy relations
1065:Diplomatic posts
1059:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1014:
1013:
957:
950:
943:
934:
933:
912:
809:Borders of China
802:
795:
788:
779:
778:
773:
772:
771:
769:
757:
751:
750:
745:. Archived from
734:
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706:
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697:
695:
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674:
673:
671:
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600:Internet Archive
597:
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583:
570:
564:
563:
554:
538:
535:
529:
526:
485:Kashmir conflict
461:
445:
429:
417:
377:Border crossings
294:Tashkurgan River
243:Claude MacDonald
177:Gilgit-Baltistan
173:Ghanche District
127:
118:
65:
63:
62:
54:
52:
51:
31:
19:
18:
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1339:
1338:
1337:
1303:
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1301:
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1280:
1222:
1186:
1145:
1139:Shangla bombing
1107:
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1006:
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961:
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926:
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541:
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518:
476:
469:
462:
453:
446:
437:
430:
421:
418:
409:
385:
379:
370:Siachen Glacier
330:
328:Disputed status
287:
267:Sino-Indian War
235:
169:Shigar District
153:Siachen Glacier
137:
136:
135:
134:
130:
129:
128:
120:
119:
90:
60:
58:
49:
47:
39:Characteristics
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1346:
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1040:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1017:
1008:
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1004:
1003:
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992:
987:
982:
981:
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966:
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945:
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928:
927:
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919:
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904:
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893:
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868:
863:
858:
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828:
822:
820:
813:
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805:
804:
797:
790:
782:
775:
774:
752:
737:Praveen Dass.
729:
715:
701:
675:
663:Times of India
649:
612:
565:
548:
546:
543:
540:
539:
530:
520:
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463:
456:
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447:
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431:
424:
422:
419:
412:
408:
405:
389:Khunjerab Pass
378:
375:
329:
326:
286:
283:
247:MacDonald Line
234:
231:
226:Khunjerab Pass
165:Nagar District
161:Hunza District
132:
131:
122:
121:
113:
112:
111:
110:
109:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
87:
83:
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78:
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74:
70:
69:
45:
41:
40:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1345:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1295:
1294:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1269:Zong Pakistan
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
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1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
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1193:
1189:
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1148:
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1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
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1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
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1101:
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1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1001:
998:
997:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
979:
976:
975:
974:
971:
970:
967:
958:
953:
951:
946:
944:
939:
938:
935:
923:
920:
916:
911:
908:
907:
905:
902:
898:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
823:
821:
818:
817:International
814:
810:
803:
798:
796:
791:
789:
784:
783:
780:
764:
763:
756:
748:
744:
740:
733:
725:
719:
711:
705:
690:
686:
679:
664:
660:
653:
635:
634:
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
617:
609:
601:
589:
585:
577:
569:
561:
560:
553:
549:
534:
525:
521:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
467:
460:
455:
451:
444:
439:
435:
428:
423:
416:
411:
410:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
384:
374:
371:
366:
361:
359:
355:
354:political map
351:
347:
343:
334:
325:
322:
319:
316:
314:
309:
307:
306:Mintaka Daban
303:
299:
295:
290:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
250:
248:
244:
240:
227:
222:
215:
211:
207:
205:
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170:
166:
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158:
154:
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146:
142:
126:
117:
104:
101:
97:
94:
89:15 March 1963
88:
84:
79:
75:
71:
68:
57:
46:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1286:
1273:
1233:
984:
900:
875:
816:
768:24 September
766:, retrieved
761:
755:
747:the original
742:
732:
718:
704:
692:. Retrieved
688:
678:
666:. Retrieved
662:
652:
643:24 September
641:, retrieved
632:
603:
598:– via
592:. Retrieved
588:the original
579:
568:
558:
552:
533:
524:
510:Mustagh Pass
505:Mintaka Pass
397:Mintaka Pass
386:
362:
339:
323:
320:
317:
310:
291:
288:
251:
236:
180:administered
140:
138:
973:Afghanistan
871:North Korea
826:Afghanistan
302:Hunza River
298:Tarim River
285:Description
239:British Raj
145:Afghanistan
1307:Categories
886:Tajikistan
846:Kyrgyzstan
841:Kazakhstan
594:31 January
545:References
500:Kilik Pass
401:Kilik Pass
381:See also:
271:Aksai Chin
265:, and the
1264:Paksat-1R
1112:Incidents
1086:Diplomacy
910:Hong Kong
186:, border
901:Internal
876:Pakistan
856:Mongolia
694:5 August
668:5 August
582:叶城县人民政府网
474:See also
184:Pakistan
99:Treaties
67:Pakistan
44:Entities
1227:Related
1000:Barrier
978:Barrier
891:Vietnam
861:Myanmar
468:, 1980)
352:). The
296:of the
255:dispute
233:History
81:History
1259:Badr-1
1234:Border
881:Russia
831:Bhutan
436:(1966)
342:Ladakh
73:Length
64:
53:
990:India
985:China
922:Macau
866:Nepal
836:India
637:(PDF)
516:Notes
263:Tibet
204:China
149:India
56:China
995:Iran
851:Laos
770:2018
696:2020
689:Dawn
670:2020
645:2018
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