663:
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35:
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However, emigrating from China remained a complicated and lengthy process mainly because many countries were unwilling or unable to accept the large numbers of people who wished to emigrate. Other difficulties included bureaucratic delays and, in some cases, a reluctance on the part of
Chinese authorities to issue passports and exit permits to individuals making notable contributions to the modernization effort.
749:". From the 19th till the mid-20th century, migrants from China were known as "Sinkuh" (新客 – New Guest). A majority of them were coolies, workers on steamboats, etc. Some of them came to Singapore for work, in search of better living conditions or to escape poverty in China. Many of them also escaped to Singapore due to chaos and wars in China during the first half of the 20th century. They came mostly from the
139:
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2457:
shelters. But few of the
Chinese migrants are staying in the shelters. Instead, they are going where Chinese citizens have gone for generations: Flushing, Queens. Or to some, the Chinese Manhattan..."New York is a self-sufficient Chinese immigrants community," said the Rev. Mike Chan, the executive director of the Chinese Christian Herald Crusade, a faith-based group in the neighborhood.
1979:
2071:
1108:
The signing of the United States–China
Consular Convention in 1983 demonstrated the commitment to more liberal emigration policies. Both sides agreed to permit travel for the purpose of family reunification and to facilitate travel for individuals who claim both Chinese and United States citizenship.
1987:
567:
women who intermarried with
Chinese Ming sailors when they were shipwrecked. Two places on Pate were called "Old Shanga", and "New Shanga", which the Chinese sailors had named. A local guide who claimed descent from the Chinese showed Frank a graveyard made out of coral on the island, indicating
2456:
Most who have come to the United States in the past year were middle-class adults who have headed to New York after being released from custody. New York has been a prime destination for migrants from other nations as well, particularly
Venezuelans, who rely on the city's resources, including its
159:
Eastern Zhou period: The
Eastern Zhou period is characterized by the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BCE) and the Warring States period (475–221 BCE). During this time, the exchange of ideas and cultures between different states led to migration of scholars, artisans, and
598:
in China fell, Chinese refugees fled south and extensively settled in the Cham lands and
Cambodia. Most of these Chinese were young males, and they took Cham women as wives. Their children identified more with Chinese culture. This migration occurred in the 17th and 18th
544:
and married local women. Now, they are believed to have just six descendants left there; in 2002, DNA tests conducted on one of the women confirmed that she was of
Chinese descent. Her daughter, Mwamaka Sharifu, later received a PRC government scholarship to study
771:
had historically supplied the largest number of emigrants, estimated at 8.2 million in 1957; about 68% of the total overseas
Chinese population at that time. Within Guangdong, the main emigrant communities were clustered in eight districts in the
740:
Peranakans, or those descendants of
Chinese in Southeast Asia for many generations who were generally English-educated were typically known in Singapore as "Laokuh" (老客 – Old Guest) or "Straits Chinese". Most of them paid loyalty to the
579:
in China. Some tribes to Cape Town's north claimed descent from Chinese sailors during the 13th century, their physical appearance is similar to Chinese with paler skin and a Mandarin-sounding tonal language; they call themselves
447:'s reign. Many Ryukyuan officials were descended from these Chinese immigrants, being born in China or having Chinese grandfathers. They assisted in the Ryukyuans in advancing their technology and diplomatic relations.
130:; and finally elective emigration to various countries. Most emigrants were peasants and manual laborers, although there were also educated individuals who brought their various expertises to their new destinations.
1562:
1205:
neighborhood has become the present-day global epicenter receiving Chinese immigration as well as the international control center directing such migration. Additionally, as of 2024, a significant new wave of
563:'s voyage to East Africa. The eyes of the Pate people resembled Chinese and Famao and Wei were some of the names among them which were speculated to be of Chinese origin. Their ancestors were said to be from
155:
Western Zhou: The Zhou people engaged in active military campaigns to expand their territory. As they conquered new regions, there was likely a movement of people to settle and administer these newly acquired
2291:
In its own way, it has upgraded its migrants from a ragbag of malcontents, adventurers, and desperately poor laborers to the status of respectable and valued nationals whose loyalty was greatly appreciated.
531:
maintains that 20 shipwrecked Chinese sailors, possibly part of Zheng's fleet, washed up on shore there hundreds of years ago. Given permission to settle by local tribes after having killed a dangerous
1691:
1060:
568:
that they were the graves of the Chinese sailors, which the author described as "virtually identical", to Chinese Ming dynasty tombs, complete with "half-moon domes" and "terraced entries".
1404:
3145:
1592:
2544:
938:. Their descendants today are found among the current populations of these countries, but also among the migrant communities with Anglo-Caribbean origins residing mainly in the
559:
article how ceramic fragments had been found around Lamu which the administrative officer of the local Swahili history museum claimed were of Chinese origin, specifically from
488:) and others to negotiate pacification. He took his family and fled to live in this place, where he remained for many years. Thousands of military personnel and civilians from
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1456:
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women, to whom they regularly returned to after trading voyages. A Chinese merchant from Quanzhou, Wang Yuanmao, traded extensively with Champa, and married a Cham princess.
5896:
808:, with much of its terrain either rocky or swampy; Sze Yup was the "pre-eminent sending area" of emigrants during this period. Most of the emigrants from Sze Yup went to
5725:
3750:
1102:
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729:
trade also appeared in Singapore. Coolies were contracted by traders and brought to Singapore to work. The large influx of coolies into Singapore only stopped after
453:: According to the clan chart of family name Lim, Gan, Ng, Khaw, Cheah, many Chinese traders lived there. They were amongst some of the Siamese envoys sent to China.
5861:
5866:
5616:
2513:
1504:
1063:(香港) was again relaxed. Perhaps as many as 200,000 reached Hong Kong in 1979, but in 1980 authorities on both sides resumed concerted efforts to reduce the flow.
575:, Chu Ssu-pen, a Chinese mapmaker, had southern Africa drawn on one of his maps in 1320. Ceramics found in Zimbabwe and South Africa dated back to the era of the
6249:
2655:
5846:
5535:
4705:
5418:
1135:, as large-scale Chinese immigration continues into New York during the late 20th century with the largest metropolitan Chinese population outside Asia, The
152:
The Zhou dynasty overthrew the Shang dynasty in 1046 BCE. This conquest marked the beginning of the Zhou rule and the expansion of their territorial control.
2704:
1236:
In 2023, China saw the world's largest largest outflow of high-net-worth individuals with over 13,000 emigrating mostly to the U.S., Canada, and Singapore.
1229:
In they've early 2020s, there have been an influx of Chinese migrants using Mexico's northern border to enter America and advance to New York City, termed "
6175:
5876:
118:
in the mid-1800s; general emigration initially around the early to mid 20th century which was mainly caused by corruption, starvation, and war due to the
2009:
2574:
6063:
5181:
1147:, comprising an estimated 893,697 uniracial individuals as of 2017. There has additionally been a significant element of illegal Chinese emigration to
1007:
764:
could be an asset, a source of foreign investment, and a bridge to overseas knowledge; thus, it encouraged the use of the term "Overseas Chinese" (华侨).
1623:
5710:
1657:
3960:
1408:
1379:
831:
In addition to being a region of major emigration abroad, Siyi (Sze Yup) was a melting pot of ideas and trends brought back by overseas Chinese, (
5871:
5695:
1505:"SELECTED POPULATION PROFILE IN THE UNITED STATES 2017 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA Chinese alone"
2514:"SELECTED POPULATION PROFILE IN THE UNITED STATES 2010American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA Chinese alone"
1861:
1793:
5221:
4409:
4340:
1895:
1827:
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has become the present-day global epicenter receiving Chinese immigration as well as the international control center directing such migration.
5836:
5595:
5149:
4350:
4139:
3273:
1082:, to be able to attend foreign education and research institutions, brought about increased contact with the outside world, particularly the
733:
became the Protector of Chinese. In 1914, the coolie trade was abolished and banned in Singapore. These populations form the basis of the
355:
had also brought along 100 bachelors to Malacca. The descendants of these two groups of people, mostly from Fujian province, are called the
5054:
4854:
2205:
2040:
1774:
1600:
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of 1848–1855. Many Chinese, as well as people from other Asian countries, were prevented from moving to the United States as part of the
2603:
5901:
5886:
5555:
5015:
4090:
3675:
2934:
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825:
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issued more than 12,500 immigrant visas in 1984, and there were 60,000 Chinese with approved visa petitions in the immigration queue.
5770:
4623:
4202:
1075:
725:
to trade, and many settled down in Singapore. Because of booming commerce which required a large labor force, the indentured Chinese
6218:
5906:
3196:
1278:
1052:, there was relatively little migration from the People's Republic of China to southeast Asia from the 1950s until the mid-1970s.
683:. The British colonization of Hong Kong further created the opportunity for Chinese labor to be exported to plantations and mines.
6126:
4559:
3072:
1197:
abroad increased to 613,000 people as of 2020. As of 2023, illegal Chinese immigration to New York City has accelerated, and its
897:
75:, as large-scale Chinese immigration continues into New York, with the largest metropolitan Chinese population outside Asia, The
5921:
5881:
5851:
5176:
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3304:
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facilitated the legal departure of increasing numbers of Chinese who joined their overseas Chinese relatives and friends. The
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1905:
1837:
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351:. A senior minister of state and five hundred youths and maids of noble birth accompanied the princess to Malacca. Admiral
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6043:
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5376:
5156:
3953:
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3226:
667:
602:
Early European colonial powers in Asia encountered Chinese communities already well-established in various locations. The
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80:
56:
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2081:
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1735:
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1006:. Beginning in 1953, several rounds of withdrawals of the Nationalist forces and their families were carried out. In
443:
36 Chinese families at the request of the Ryukyuan King to manage oceanic dealings in the kingdom in 1392 during the
40:
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In the mid-1800s, outbound migration from China increased as a result of the European colonial powers opening up
6078:
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2927:
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2366:
2341:
1011:
2909:– A visual history from the UBC Library Digital Collections documenting Chinese settlement in British Columbia
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2017:
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In the first half of the 20th century, war and revolution accelerated the pace of migration out of China. The
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3883:
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A much smaller wave of Chinese immigration to Singapore came after the 1990s, holding the citizenship of the
1097:
were issued to Chinese citizens, and in 1985, approximately 15,000 Chinese scholars and students were in the
901:
893:
2906:
1727:
Money, markets, and trade in early Southeast Asia: the development of indigenous monetary systems to AD 1400
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of immortality, accompanied by 3,000 virgin boys and girls. Records suggest Xu Fu's expedition settled in
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1953:
1508:
1315:
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555:
6203:
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5206:
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873:) architecture, i.e., incorporating architectural features from both the Chinese homeland and overseas.
702:
or the possibility of opening up new farmlands at the beginning of the 19th century until the 1930s in
76:
68:
64:
4154:
1537:
435:: Many Chinese moved to Ryukyu to serve the government or engage in business during this period. The
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3000:
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2545:"Malaysian man smuggled illegal Chinese immigrants into Brooklyn using Queen Mary 2: authorities"
2251:
1928:
1457:"Malaysian man smuggled illegal Chinese immigrants into Brooklyn using Queen Mary 2: authorities"
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1182:-speaking Chinese from northern China. The only significant immigration to China has been by the
1090:
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958:
537:
393:
2048:
998:
Parts of the defeated Nationalist army retreated south and crossed the border into Burma as the
6237:
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5678:
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214:, which in the early periods were lands largely occupied by an Indo-European people called the
60:
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alone. Any student who had the economic resources could apply for permission to study abroad.
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in various places was the representative of such communities towards the colonial authorities.
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The Rocky Road to Liberty: A Documented History of Chinese American Immigration and Exclusion
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provinces and, unlike Peranakans, paid loyalty to China and regarded themselves as "Huaqiao".
674:. Singapore is a Chinese-majority multi-cultural and multi-racial country in Southeast Asia.
6319:
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4382:
4328:
4267:
4006:
3557:
1299:
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1186:, who in the years since 1949 have been offered various enticements to repatriate to their
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817:
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730:
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3257:
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1349:
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515:(618–907) in Kenyan villages; however, these were believed to have been brought over by
6053:
6020:
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5545:
5479:
5084:
4824:
4772:
4591:
4528:
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4289:
4192:
4122:
4034:
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3353:
3348:
3221:
2396:
1829:
The East Asian maritime world 1400-1800: its fabrics of power and dynamics of exchanges
1310:
1283:
980:
564:
3938:
2902:
2699:
Chan, Shelly. "The case for diaspora: A temporal approach to the Chinese experience."
1625:
The Rise of merchant empires: long-distance trade in the early modern world, 1350-1750
625:
resettled on the southern part of the peninsula. This group forms the majority of the
617:
to resettle on the northern part of the Malay peninsula and Singapore, while those of
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2852:, Asia Research Institute and the Singapore E-Press, National University of Singapore
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1215:
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773:
336:
226:
127:
2739:
Citizens in Motion: Emigration, Immigration, and Re-migration Across China's Borders
2628:
1775:"Li impressed with Malacca's racial diversity and cendol - Nation - The Star Online"
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3135:
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after the Nationalists lost the civil war to avoid persecution or execution by the
896:
prohibited Chinese immigration completely. The Chinese Exclusion Act would only be
821:
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746:
520:
461:
398:
300:
288:
203:
176:
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52:
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by China and Burma expelled the remaining Nationalist forces from Burma, although
914:
From 1853 until the end of the 19th century, about 18,000 Chinese were brought as
5236:
4585:
4450:
4295:
4149:
4127:
4100:
4018:
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3765:
3596:
3501:
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2711:
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388:
211:
4117:
3606:
2629:"Fleeing China's Covid lockdowns for the US - through a Central American jungle"
2604:"Caught between China and the US, asylum seekers live in limbo in New York City"
1089:
In 1983, emigration restrictions were eased as a result in part of the economic
968:
in 1949 saw an emigration of approximately 2 million mainland Chinese to Taiwan.
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1207:
1132:
939:
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703:
528:
481:
444:
142:
The Sinophone world, a legacy of Chinese emigration to Southeast Asia (Nanyang)
103:
72:
3601:
1578:
6334:
6260:
6015:
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5408:
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4687:
4283:
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504:
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Sino-Malay Trade and Diplomacy from the Tenth Through the Fourteenth Century
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680:
603:
595:
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307:), that there were many Chinese, especially sailors, who lived there. Many
280:
222:
107:
2885:
2275:
Wang, Gungwu (1994). "Upgrading the migrant: neither huaqiao nor huaren".
573:
Colour, Confusions and Concessions: the History of Chinese in South Africa
5737:
4936:
4864:
4798:
4049:
3516:
2659:
1066:
More liberalized emigration policies enacted in the 1980s as part of the
805:
550:
524:
332:
326:
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234:
199:
119:
48:
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3584:
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813:
718:
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642:
533:
348:
215:
2656:"China to see biggest millionaire exodus in 2024 as many head to U.S."
2441:"Growing Numbers of Chinese Migrants Are Crossing the Southern Border"
138:
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though less severe in scope was passed in Canada in 1885, imposing a
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At the end of the 19th century, the Chinese government realized that
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34:
2847:
2575:"Under Xi Jinping, the number of Chinese asylum-seekers has shot up"
2107:
The flaming womb: repositioning women in early modern Southeast Asia
5747:
4993:
4919:
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2912:
2305:
Chinese America: the untold story of America's oldest new community
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450:
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402:
372:
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111:
87:, comprising an estimated 893,697 uniracial individuals as of 2017.
2772:
McKeown, Adam. "Chinese emigration in global context, 1850–1940."
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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have happened throughout history. They include the emigration to
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instead of prohibiting immigration to Canada entirely. However,
343:
between China and Malacca culminated during the reign of Sultan
267:, and married the native women. Their children carried on trade.
4946:
3984:
2470:"Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2"
2434:
2432:
1863:
Maritime sector, institutions, and sea power of premodern China
1431:"Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2"
1405:"Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2"
1380:"Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2013 Supplemental Table 2"
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1202:
1055:
In the early 1960s, about 100,000 people were allowed to enter
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927:
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750:
726:
695:
687:
630:
493:
440:
361:
322:
314:
270:
252:
230:
188:
184:
6069:
Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
4570:
Monosodium glutamate controversy (Chinese restaurant syndrome)
2595:
1563:"Climate change and Zhou relocations in early Chinese history"
1029:
4941:
2782:
Sons of the Yellow Emperor: A History of the Chinese Diaspora
2248:
The Ripple Effect: China's Complex Presence in Southeast Asia
789:
541:
500:
192:
172:
5897:
State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission
2429:
2069:
1655:
1193:
During the Xi Jinping administration, the number of Chinese
571:
According to Melanie Yap and Daniel Leong Man in their book
5726:
National Fund for Technology Transfer and Commercialisation
2361:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 28–29.
2336:. Cambridge, MA, US: Harvard University Press. p. 36.
1144:
618:
469:
368:
260:
84:
6074:
Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
2849:
Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu: an open access resource
2716:(illustrated ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press.
251:
chose to settle down in the Southeast Asian ports such as
2607:
1757:
Malaysia-Singapore-6th-Footprint-Travel, Steve Frankham,
694:
provinces, were attracted by the prospect of work in the
2694:
Dear China: emigrant letters and remittances, 1820–1980.
2601:
686:
Chinese immigrants, mainly from the controlled ports of
3968:
1897:
The Origins of Banana-fibre Cloth in the Ryukyus, Japan
646:
Established in the 19th century by Chinese immigrants,
273:: Many Chinese lived in Borneo as recorded by Zheng He.
5847:
China Council for the Promotion of International Trade
1407:. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Archived from
961:
competed for political support from overseas Chinese.
876:
The first major immigration to America was during the
499:
Early Chinese mariners had a variety of contacts with
496:
followed him there and chose Dao Ming as their leader.
321:
documents Chinese merchants who went to Cham ports in
146:
2710:
Cooke, Nola; Li, Tana; Anderson, James, eds. (2011).
2103:
1825:
202:
onwards, Chinese military and agricultural colonies (
2821:
The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty (Ming Tai Huan Kuan)
2279:. Chinese Historical Society of America. p. 4.
1791:
1662:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 11.
869:
built in the early 20th century featured Qiaoxiang (
788:; 'four counties'); three counties known as
650:
is the longest continuous Chinese settlement in the
460:, Tan Sheng Shou, the Battalion Commander Yang Xin (
1659:
Connecting and Distancing: Southeast Asia and China
1399:
1397:
1374:
1372:
133:
71:, and Brooklyn are thriving as traditionally urban
5711:China Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund
1893:
796:; 'three counties'); and the district of
114:during the 19th century, particularly during the
6332:
2325:
1394:
1369:
1059:. In the late 1970s, vigilance against illegal
409:). The place where the Chinese lived was called
5872:Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
5696:China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation
2709:
2438:
1723:
1561:Huang, Chun Chang; Su, Hongxia (1 April 2009).
1450:
1448:
4410:Union Colliery Co of British Columbia v Bryden
4341:Royal Commission on Chinese Immigration (1885)
1621:
5837:All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce
5009:
4351:Attack on Squak Valley Chinese laborers, 1885
3954:
2928:
2542:
2007:
1454:
1340:
1334:
1233:", translated in English to “walk the line”.
1025:Modern emigration (late 20th century–present)
721:policy attracted many Chinese merchants from
397:) that large numbers of Chinese lived in the
5877:National Financial Regulatory Administration
1445:
6089:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
5106:Grasping the large, letting go of the small
2803:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2407:
2110:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 146.
1866:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 125.
1628:. Cambridge University Press. p. 405.
629:who were English-educated. Others moved to
210:) were established at various times in the
106:beginning from the 10th century during the
6310:
6064:Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area
5902:State Administration for Market Regulation
5887:National Development and Reform Commission
5016:
5002:
3961:
3947:
2935:
2921:
2038:
1954:"Is this young Kenyan Chinese descendant?"
1832:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. xiii.
1689:
1539:The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration
826:Chinatowns in Canada and the United States
637:
5771:National Equities Exchange and Quotations
4203:Canadian Brotherhood of Railway Employees
3512:Peranakan / Baba Nyonya / Straits Chinese
2303:Peter Kwong and Dusanka Miscevic (2005).
2296:
2277:Chinese America: History and Perspectives
2073:The New Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 8
1980:"Revisiting the history of the high seas"
1859:
553:, Frank Viviano described in a July 2005
339:in the early 15th century. The friendly
5907:State Administration of Foreign Exchange
2801:The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas
2602:Tara John and Yong Xiong (17 May 2024).
2359:The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas
2334:The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2212:. Food + Drink Victoria. 3 February 2021
2076:. Encyclopædia Britannica. p. 669.
2010:"China's Great Armada, Admiral Zheng He"
1279:History of Chinese immigration to Canada
1028:
661:
641:
137:
3923:of France in the western Indian Ocean.
2745:Lary, Diana (2007). Lary, Diana (ed.).
1900:. Leuven University Press. p. 39.
1560:
1532:
1530:
6333:
5882:National Bureau of Statistics of China
5852:China Securities Regulatory Commission
2472:. U.S. Department of Homeland Security
1696:. Ohio University Press. p. 133.
1433:. U.S. Department of Homeland Security
1382:. U.S. Department of Homeland Security
1131:are successful as traditionally urban
4997:
4456:Soviet deportations of Chinese people
3942:
2916:
2687:Migration and diaspora in modern Asia
2224:
2185:"World's 8 most colourful Chinatowns"
2070:Encyclopædia Britannica, inc (2003).
1656:Ho Khai Leong, Khai Leong Ho (2009).
1093:. In 1984, more than 11,500 business
1048:Due to the political dynamics of the
6099:Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone
6044:Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
5842:All-China Federation of Trade Unions
5023:
2942:
2845:
2824:(illustrated ed.). SUNY Press.
2817:
2744:
2439:Eileen Sullivan (24 November 2023).
2350:
2274:
2268:
1977:
1527:
668:Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum
588:
5576:Hong Kong Trade Development Council
4560:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66
2798:
2779:
2751:(illustrated ed.). UBC Press.
2689:(Cambridge University Press, 2011).
2653:
2492:"Chinese New Year 2012 in Flushing"
2356:
2331:
2245:
2160:"Melbourne's multicultural history"
1483:"Chinese New Year 2012 in Flushing"
909:opening up of immigration to Canada
907:but de facto in the 1960s with the
347:, who married the Chinese princess
147:11th century BCE to 3rd century BCE
13:
5080:Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns
4537:Legislation on Chinese Indonesians
4388:Vancouver anti-Chinese riots, 1886
4372:1885 Chinese expulsion from Eureka
2784:. New York, NY: Kodansha America.
2385:. Rutgers University Press. 2005.
2206:"The essential guide to Chinatown"
1730:. SEAP Publications. p. 215.
1222:in New York, and concentrating in
745:and did not regard themselves as "
241:
14:
6362:
6104:Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone
5857:General Administration of Customs
5721:China Reform Holdings Corporation
5112:Scientific Outlook on Development
2891:
2713:The Tongking Gulf Through History
2494:. QueensBuzz.com. 25 January 2012
1929:"Children of the master voyager?"
1485:. QueensBuzz.com. 25 January 2012
1141:largest ethnic Chinese population
81:largest ethnic Chinese population
6309:
6300:
6299:
6151:2008–2009 economic stimulus plan
5912:State Administration of Taxation
5800:Stock Exchange Executive Council
5654:
5653:
5267:
5266:
5034:
5033:
4694:Artificial Intelligence Cold War
4654:2014 Vietnam anti-China protests
4565:1967 anti-Chinese riots in Burma
2863:
2748:The Chinese State at the Borders
2210:Melbourne Food and Wine Festival
654:and the oldest Chinatown in the
183:) to sail overseas in search of
134:Chronology of historical periods
33:
6161:2015–16 stock market turbulence
6084:Pearl River Delta Economic Zone
4346:Chinese Immigration Act of 1885
2647:
2621:
2567:
2536:
2506:
2484:
2462:
2375:
2198:
2177:
2152:
2131:
2097:
2063:
2032:
2001:
1978:York, Geoffrey (18 July 2005),
1971:
1946:
1921:
1887:
1853:
1819:
1795:The eunuchs in the Ming dynasty
1785:
1767:
1751:
1717:
1683:
1649:
1615:
1567:Journal of Historical Geography
1548:10.1002/9781444351071.wbeghm122
1294:History of Fuzhounese Americans
6079:Northeast China Revitalization
5716:China Internet Investment Fund
5701:China Government Guidance Fund
4932:Chinese, Japanese, dirty knees
2818:Tsai, Shih-Shan Henry (1996).
2696:(U of California Press, 2018).
2692:Benton, Gregor, and Hong Liu.
2104:Barbara Watson Andaya (2006).
1826:Angela Schottenhammer (2007).
1585:
1554:
1497:
1475:
1423:
1341:
1289:History of Chinese Indonesians
1103:United States consular offices
837:
613:caused the Fujian refugees of
521:his 15th century ocean voyages
1:
6171:China–United States trade war
6036:Regional economic initiatives
5989:National economic initiatives
5706:China-Africa Development Fund
5100:Deng Xiaoping's southern tour
4721:2024 Papua New Guinean unrest
4684:China–United States trade war
4549:Internment of Chinese-Indians
4462:Chinese Immigration Act, 1923
1792:Shih-shan Henry Tsai (1996).
1357:
1252:Chinese immigration to Mexico
1076:Chinese students and scholars
417:), with many originally from
6272:List of Chinese by net worth
6255:China Compulsory Certificate
6166:Protein export contamination
5817:Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange
5733:China Investment Corporation
5197:Business process outsourcing
4726:Boycotts of Chinese products
4649:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
4581:1969 race riots of Singapore
4555:1964 race riots in Singapore
4242:2nd Sangley Rebellion (1639)
3068:Democratic Republic of Congo
2543:John Marzulli (9 May 2011).
2039:Alex Perry (1 August 2008).
1455:John Marzulli (9 May 2011).
1362:
1274:History of Chinese Americans
966:Kuomintang retreat to Taiwan
547:traditional Chinese medicine
527:off the Kenyan coast, local
45:Brooklyn Chinatowns (布鲁克林華埠)
7:
5586:Water supply and sanitation
4716:2021 Solomon Islands unrest
4706:COVID-19 pandemic incidents
4603:May 1998 riots of Indonesia
2518:United States Census Bureau
2016:. p. 6. Archived from
2008:Frank Viviano (July 2005).
1798:. SUNY Press. p. 145.
1509:United States Census Bureau
1316:New immigrants in Hong Kong
1239:
1008:1960, joint military action
804:). Because of its limited
780:): four districts known as
10:
6367:
6094:Rise of Central China Plan
5892:National Energy Commission
4711:2021 Atlanta spa shootings
4575:13 May incident (Malaysia)
4543:Chinese Confession Program
4433:Vancouver anti-Asian riots
4377:Chinese head tax in Canada
4324:San Francisco riot of 1877
2774:Journal of Global History
2678:
2551:. New York. Archived from
2383:Displacements and Diaspora
1894:Katrien Hendrickx (2007).
1542:. Wiley. 4 February 2013.
1176:People's Republic of China
1137:New York metropolitan area
1016:Burma-Thailand borderlands
713:became the capital of the
511:artifacts made during the
468:) and others were sent to
77:New York metropolitan area
6290:
6184:
6127:2005–2011 property bubble
6117:
6059:China Western Development
6034:
5988:
5920:
5827:
5766:Dalian Commodity Exchange
5640:
5604:
5522:
5455:
5417:
5135:
5045:
5031:
4970:
4912:
4817:
4781:
4745:
4738:
4679:2015 Aksu colliery attack
4629:2008 Kunming bus bombings
4611:
4419:
4276:
4255:
4228:
4221:
4185:
4073:
4027:
4000:The Unparalleled Invasion
3977:
3917:
3859:
3814:
3788:
3721:
3695:
3688:
3653:
3622:
3450:
3424:
3403:
3396:
3341:
3315:
3235:
3177:
3170:
3081:
3055:
3024:
2988:
2957:
2950:
2881:Federal Research Division
2654:Yiu, Pak (18 June 2024).
1579:10.1016/j.jhg.2008.08.006
1335:
1267:
1034:Chinatown, Flushing (法拉盛)
870:
832:
801:
793:
785:
777:
611:Qing conquest of the Ming
485:
480:) to bring the absconder
477:
465:
414:
406:
392:
384:
376:
335:settlers came during the
304:
292:
207:
180:
92:
39:Typical grocery store on
32:
28:
23:
6001:Belt and Road Initiative
5980:Rural credit cooperative
5753:Foreign exchange reserve
5686:Beijing Financial Street
5095:Socialist market economy
4664:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
4473:Second Sino-Japanese War
4302:Chinese massacre of 1871
4198:Asiatic Exclusion League
2701:Journal of Asian Studies
1724:Robert S. Wicks (1992).
1306:Immigration to Singapore
1247:Chinese Clan Association
1214:in northwestern China's
1074:program, which required
1000:People's Liberation Army
898:fully repealed in the US
124:Second Sino-Japanese War
6351:Social history of China
6243:Globalization and women
6109:Zhongyuan Economic Zone
6049:Beibu Gulf Economic Rim
5829:Government institutions
5805:Shenzhen Stock Exchange
5795:Shanghai Metal Exchange
5783:Shanghai Stock Exchange
5447:Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park
5432:Megalopolises in China
4794:Ita Martadinata Haryono
4674:2015 Plaza Low Yat riot
4624:Abacus Bank prosecution
4247:Sangley Massacre (1662)
2799:Pan, Lynn, ed. (1999).
2252:Oxford University Press
1622:James D. Tracy (1993).
993:Chinese Communist Party
861:(formerly romanized as
638:19th–early 20th century
401:on Java, especially in
387:) recorded in his book
6282:Science and technology
6176:2020–2021 reform spree
5930:International rankings
5776:Beijing Stock Exchange
5442:Suzhou Industrial Park
5437:Special Economic Zones
4669:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
4634:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
4427:White Australia policy
3970:Anti-Chinese sentiment
1597:gb.chinareviewnews.com
1345:) ("Sengli": business)
1208:Chinese Uyghur Muslims
1084:industrialized nations
1061:migration to Hong Kong
1045:
1012:some went on to settle
900:in 1965 and in Canada
675:
659:
143:
5632:Intellectual property
5127:1949–1976 wage reform
5070:Industrial Revolution
4983:Hong Kong nationalism
4619:2006 Nukuʻalofa riots
4598:1997 Banjarmasin riot
4393:Hells Canyon Massacre
4366:Rock Springs massacre
4356:Issaquah riot of 1885
4335:Chinese Exclusion Act
4263:1740 Batavia massacre
4065:Plaek Phibunsongkhram
4040:Andrew Jackson Bryant
2139:"Chinatown Melbourne"
2041:"A Chinese Color War"
1212:religious persecution
1032:
882:Chinese Exclusion Act
841:). For example, many
767:Among the provinces,
665:
645:
633:at this time as well.
584:("abandoned people").
311:with the local women.
297:The Customs of Chenla
141:
6320:Economy of East Asia
6026:Youth Business China
5862:Ministry of Commerce
5810:SZSE Component Index
5427:Dalian Software Park
4639:2011 Kashgar attacks
4383:Seattle riot of 1886
4329:New Zealand head tax
4268:1782 Saigon massacre
4007:Japanese nationalism
3676:United Arab Emirates
3568:Straits-Born Chinese
2846:Wade, Geoff (2005),
2741:(Stanford UP, 2018).
2737:Ho, Elaine Lynn-Ee.
1257:Chinese Protectorate
894:a 1923 law in Canada
735:Chinese Singaporeans
648:Chinatown, Melbourne
341:diplomatic relations
116:California gold rush
5867:Ministry of Finance
5788:SSE Composite Index
5758:Hedge fund industry
5605:Law and regulations
5312:academic publishing
5090:Four Modernizations
4978:Chinese imperialism
4659:2014 Kunming attack
4515:Home Office 213/926
4503:Sook Ching massacre
4491:Japanese war crimes
4467:Wanpaoshan Incident
4361:Tacoma riot of 1885
4318:Trout Creek Outrage
3921:overseas department
3227:Trinidad and Tobago
2776:5.1 (2010): 95–124.
2524:on 14 February 2020
2020:on 17 November 2012
2014:NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC
1690:Derek Heng (2009).
1515:on 14 February 2020
1411:on 22 December 2014
1171:in mainland China.
1072:Four Modernizations
920:British West Indies
878:California goldrush
715:Straits Settlements
656:Southern Hemisphere
556:National Geographic
549:(TCM) in China. On
507:have found Chinese
456:In 1405, under the
16:Diasporic migration
6341:Chinese emigration
6277:Chinese economists
6250:National Standards
6146:2007 slave scandal
6054:Bohai Economic Rim
6021:Made in China 2025
5970:Internal migration
5955:Standard of living
5743:Financial services
5617:Labor contract law
5571:Illegal drug trade
5541:World Trade Center
5377:Telecommunications
5325:equipment industry
5157:Advanced materials
5122:Population history
5085:Great Leap Forward
5039:Companies of China
4592:Cambodian genocide
4529:Mergosono massacre
4509:Changkiao massacre
4485:Nanshitou Massacre
4290:Lambing Flat riots
4193:Anti-Chinese Union
4123:Racism in Malaysia
4035:Adriaan Valckenier
3995:Chinese emigration
3929:Hong Kong Diaspora
3197:Dominican Republic
2780:Pan, Lynn (1994).
2635:. 21 December 2022
2445:The New York Times
2415:"Chiang Kai Shiek"
2357:Pan, Lynn (1999).
2332:Pan, Lynn (1999).
2246:Han, Enze (2024).
1984:The Globe and Mail
1860:Gang Deng (1999).
1603:on 2 November 2017
1311:Migration in China
1284:Chinese Caribbeans
1165:Wenzhou immigrants
1046:
916:indentured workers
676:
660:
295:) recorded in his
225:, Zheng Guo Xi of
221:661 CE: under the
171:: 秦始皇) dispatched
144:
100:Chinese emigration
24:Chinese emigration
6328:
6327:
6141:2007 stock bubble
6006:Common prosperity
5996:Beijing Consensus
5950:Income inequality
5419:Development Zones
4991:
4990:
4925:Chinaman's chance
4908:
4907:
4875:Mi Gao Huang Chen
4845:Franklin Feng Tao
4734:
4733:
4496:Three Alls Policy
4307:Pigtail Ordinance
4236:Sangley Rebellion
3936:
3935:
3875:
3855:
3854:
3774:
3684:
3683:
3563:Chinese nationals
3490:Peranakan Chinese
3392:
3391:
3305:by city and state
3301:
3294:
3260:
3253:
3166:
3165:
3073:Republic of Congo
2907:Chinese Canadians
2703:(2015): 107–128.
2685:Amrith, Sunil S.
2318:978-1-56584-962-4
2261:978-0-19-769659-0
2164:City of Melbourne
1935:, 3 November 2006
1907:978-90-5867-614-6
1839:978-3-447-05474-4
1763:978-1-906098-11-7
1703:978-0-89680-271-1
1669:978-981-230-856-6
1220:religious freedom
1216:Xinjiang Province
1169:Zhejiang Province
1157:Fuzhou immigrants
1129:Brooklyn (布鲁克林華埠)
975:refugees fled to
774:Pearl River Delta
731:William Pickering
589:15th–19th century
337:Malacca Sultanate
128:Chinese Civil War
96:
95:
6358:
6346:Chinese diaspora
6315:Outline of China
6313:
6312:
6303:
6302:
6136:pet food recalls
6011:Dual circulation
5762:Stock Exchanges
5691:Financial system
5657:
5656:
5596:Trading partners
5342:Renewable energy
5270:
5269:
5037:
5036:
5025:Economy of China
5018:
5011:
5004:
4995:
4994:
4962:Sick man of Asia
4952:Locust/Wongchung
4870:Leung Chi-cheung
4743:
4742:
4701:China Initiative
4479:Nanking Massacre
4445:Torreón massacre
4399:Scott Act (1888)
4313:Page Act of 1875
4226:
4225:
4170:China Initiative
3963:
3956:
3949:
3940:
3939:
3899:Papua New Guinea
3869:
3770:
3693:
3692:
3401:
3400:
3297:
3290:
3264:British Columbia
3256:
3249:
3175:
3174:
2955:
2954:
2944:Overseas Chinese
2937:
2930:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2884:
2867:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2814:
2795:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2520:. Archived from
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2436:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2250:. New York, NY:
2243:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2051:on 6 August 2008
2047:. Archived from
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1986:, archived from
1975:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1771:
1765:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1599:. Archived from
1589:
1583:
1582:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1534:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1511:. Archived from
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1376:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1321:Overseas Chinese
1269:
1184:overseas Chinese
1125:Manhattan (紐約華埠)
1091:open-door policy
1068:Opening of China
872:
839:
834:
822:Chinese language
803:
795:
787:
779:
762:overseas Chinese
753:, Guangdong and
487:
479:
467:
416:
408:
399:Majapahit Empire
396:
386:
378:
306:
294:
233:was buried at a
209:
182:
69:Manhattan (紐約華埠)
37:
21:
20:
6366:
6365:
6361:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6356:
6355:
6331:
6330:
6329:
6324:
6286:
6180:
6113:
6030:
5984:
5916:
5823:
5636:
5622:Labor relations
5600:
5518:
5451:
5413:
5299:Pharmaceuticals
5131:
5065:Five-year plans
5041:
5027:
5022:
4992:
4987:
4966:
4904:
4813:
4777:
4730:
4607:
4586:Malari incident
4451:1918 Kudus riot
4415:
4296:Anti-Coolie Act
4272:
4251:
4217:
4181:
4128:Ketuanan Melayu
4101:Racism in Japan
4069:
4023:
4019:De-Sinicization
3973:
3967:
3937:
3932:
3931:
3913:
3851:
3810:
3784:
3717:
3680:
3649:
3618:
3495:Bangka-Belitung
3485:Benteng Chinese
3446:
3420:
3388:
3337:
3311:
3231:
3162:
3077:
3051:
3020:
2984:
2946:
2941:
2894:
2889:
2876:Country Studies
2873:
2864:
2855:
2853:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2811:
2792:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2636:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2555:on 23 June 2012
2541:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2497:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2449:
2447:
2437:
2430:
2420:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2393:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2369:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2330:
2326:
2319:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2244:
2225:
2215:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2037:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2006:
2002:
1993:
1991:
1990:on 26 July 2020
1976:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1938:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1858:
1854:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1824:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1790:
1786:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1722:
1718:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1688:
1684:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1559:
1555:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1518:
1516:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1453:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1242:
1161:Fujian Province
1155:, most notably
1078:, particularly
1027:
959:Communist Party
847:Chikan, Kaiping
640:
627:Straits Chinese
591:
389:Yingya Shenglan
244:
242:10–15th century
212:Western Regions
149:
136:
88:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6364:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6322:
6317:
6307:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6246:
6245:
6235:
6230:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6201:
6196:
6190:
6188:
6186:Related topics
6182:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6129:
6123:
6121:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6040:
6038:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5998:
5992:
5990:
5986:
5985:
5983:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5935:Social welfare
5932:
5926:
5924:
5918:
5917:
5915:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5833:
5831:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5813:
5812:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5780:
5779:
5778:
5768:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5661:
5650:
5648:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5608:
5606:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5556:Postal history
5553:
5551:Communications
5548:
5543:
5538:
5532:
5530:
5528:infrastructure
5520:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5494:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5485:Oil refineries
5482:
5472:
5467:
5461:
5459:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5423:
5421:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5319:
5314:
5305:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5280:
5279:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5227:Electric power
5224:
5222:Electric motor
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5141:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5117:Historical GDP
5114:
5109:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5075:Iron rice bowl
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5051:
5049:
5043:
5042:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5021:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4998:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4885:Teoh Beng Hock
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4860:Jiansheng Chen
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4821:
4819:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4806:
4804:Velma Demerson
4801:
4796:
4791:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4753:Chae Chan Ping
4749:
4747:
4740:
4736:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4644:Wolf Amendment
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4546:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4518:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4482:
4470:
4464:
4459:
4453:
4448:
4442:
4439:Beipu uprising
4436:
4430:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4414:
4413:
4407:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4374:
4369:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4332:
4326:
4321:
4315:
4310:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4287:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4232:
4230:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4189:
4187:
4186:By institution
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4125:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4004:
4003:
4002:
3997:
3987:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3974:
3966:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3943:
3934:
3933:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3872:from Hong Kong
3863:
3861:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3827:Czech Republic
3824:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3772:from Hong Kong
3766:United Kingdom
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3731:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3626:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3504:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3477:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3460:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3426:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3398:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3295:
3292:from Hong Kong
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3261:
3254:
3251:from Hong Kong
3241:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3181:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3138:
3133:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2961:
2959:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2917:
2911:
2910:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2892:External links
2890:
2888:
2887:
2861:
2843:
2830:
2815:
2809:
2796:
2790:
2777:
2770:
2758:978-0774813334
2757:
2742:
2735:
2723:978-0812243369
2722:
2707:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2646:
2620:
2594:
2583:. 28 July 2021
2566:
2535:
2505:
2483:
2461:
2428:
2406:
2391:
2374:
2367:
2349:
2342:
2324:
2317:
2295:
2285:
2267:
2260:
2223:
2197:
2176:
2151:
2130:
2116:
2096:
2082:
2062:
2031:
2000:
1970:
1960:, 11 July 2005
1945:
1933:People's Daily
1920:
1906:
1886:
1872:
1852:
1838:
1818:
1804:
1784:
1766:
1750:
1736:
1716:
1702:
1682:
1668:
1648:
1634:
1614:
1584:
1573:(2): 297–310.
1553:
1526:
1496:
1474:
1444:
1422:
1393:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1199:Flushing (法拉盛)
1195:asylum seekers
1121:Queens (法拉盛華埠)
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1019:
996:
969:
951:
940:United Kingdom
924:British Guiana
912:
874:
829:
765:
758:
743:British Empire
738:
723:Mainland China
707:
704:British Malaya
684:
639:
636:
635:
634:
607:
600:
590:
587:
586:
585:
569:
529:oral tradition
505:Archaeologists
497:
484:(Chinese:
482:Liang Dao Ming
454:
448:
445:Hongwu Emperor
433:Ryūkyū Kingdom
430:
405:(Chinese:
391:(Chinese:
383:(Chinese:
366:
330:
312:
274:
268:
243:
240:
239:
238:
219:
196:
161:
157:
153:
148:
145:
135:
132:
104:Southeast Asia
94:
93:
90:
89:
65:Queens (法拉盛華埠)
43:in one of the
38:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6363:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6308:
6306:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6292:
6289:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6262:
6261:Made in China
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6244:
6241:
6240:
6239:
6238:Globalization
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6187:
6183:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6039:
6037:
6033:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6016:Go Out policy
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5993:
5991:
5987:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5919:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5818:
5815:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5789:
5786:
5785:
5784:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5609:
5607:
5603:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5536:Trade history
5534:
5533:
5531:
5529:
5525:
5521:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5465:Energy policy
5463:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5454:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5294:Pearl farming
5292:
5290:
5289:Online gaming
5287:
5285:
5282:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5192:Biotechnology
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5138:
5134:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5107:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5030:
5026:
5019:
5014:
5012:
5007:
5005:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4973:
4969:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4926:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4911:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4780:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4758:Fong Yue Ting
4756:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4737:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4688:Trump tariffs
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4610:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:(1920s–1930s)
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4284:Buckland Riot
4282:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4165:United States
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4045:Denis Kearney
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4028:By persecutor
4026:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4009:
4008:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3976:
3971:
3964:
3959:
3957:
3952:
3950:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3873:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3399:
3395:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3286:United States
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2926:
2924:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2871:
2870:public domain
2862:
2851:
2850:
2844:
2833:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2791:1-56836-032-0
2787:
2783:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2760:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2725:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2582:
2581:
2580:The Economist
2576:
2570:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2493:
2487:
2471:
2465:
2458:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2433:
2417:. Sarawakiana
2416:
2410:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2392:9780813536101
2388:
2384:
2378:
2370:
2364:
2360:
2353:
2345:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2320:
2314:
2310:
2309:The New Press
2306:
2299:
2292:
2288:
2286:0-9614198-9-X
2282:
2278:
2271:
2263:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2186:
2180:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2140:
2134:
2119:
2117:0-8248-2955-7
2113:
2109:
2108:
2100:
2085:
2083:0-85229-961-3
2079:
2075:
2074:
2066:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2004:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1934:
1930:
1924:
1909:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1890:
1875:
1873:0-313-30712-1
1869:
1865:
1864:
1856:
1841:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1822:
1807:
1805:0-7914-2687-4
1801:
1797:
1796:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1739:
1737:0-87727-710-9
1733:
1729:
1728:
1720:
1705:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1686:
1671:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1652:
1637:
1635:0-521-45735-1
1631:
1627:
1626:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1533:
1531:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1484:
1478:
1462:
1458:
1451:
1449:
1432:
1426:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1368:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:contains the
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:New York City
1110:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1099:United States
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1043:
1042:New York City
1039:
1035:
1031:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
967:
963:
962:
960:
956:
952:
949:
945:
944:United States
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
910:
906:
904:
899:
895:
891:
887:
886:A similar law
883:
879:
875:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
830:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:North America
807:
799:
791:
783:
775:
770:
766:
763:
759:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
717:in 1832, the
716:
712:
708:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
682:
678:
677:
673:
669:
664:
657:
653:
652:Western World
649:
644:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:
601:
597:
593:
592:
583:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
557:
552:
548:
543:
539:
535:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
495:
491:
483:
475:
472:'s Old Port (
471:
463:
459:
455:
452:
449:
446:
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247:Many Chinese
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165:Qin Shi Huang
162:
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6295:
6294:
6259:
6233:Demographics
6225:
6219:Largest SOEs
5974:
5965:Urbanization
5674:Central bank
5404:Video gaming
5284:Mobile phone
4818:21st century
4789:Vincent Chin
4782:20th century
4768:Wong Kim Ark
4746:19th century
4612:21st century
4525:(1945–1947)
4520:
4475:(1937-1945)
4420:20th century
4277:19th century
4256:18th century
4229:17th century
4213:Uyoku dantai
4208:Tsagaan Khas
4140:Nazi Germany
3994:
3990:Yellow Peril
3972:(Sinophobia)
3924:
3146:Johannesburg
3141:South Africa
3128:
2875:
2854:, retrieved
2848:
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2820:
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2486:
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2464:
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2444:
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2409:
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2106:
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2072:
2065:
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2053:. Retrieved
2049:the original
2044:
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2024:29 September
2022:. Retrieved
2018:the original
2013:
2003:
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1988:the original
1983:
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1962:, retrieved
1957:
1948:
1937:, retrieved
1932:
1923:
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1896:
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1862:
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1425:
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1409:the original
1384:. Retrieved
1348:
1298:
1261:
1235:
1228:
1218:and seeking
1192:
1173:
1115:'s multiple
1111:
1107:
1088:
1065:
1054:
1047:
985:North Borneo
922:, mainly to
902:
863:Clock Towers
836:
806:arable lands
681:treaty ports
626:
604:Kapitan Cina
596:Ming dynasty
581:
577:Song dynasty
572:
554:
513:Tang dynasty
458:Ming dynasty
437:Ming dynasty
410:
360:
356:
319:Daoyi Zhilüe
309:intermarried
296:
281:Yuan dynasty
223:Tang dynasty
108:Tang dynasty
99:
97:
59:'s multiple
18:
6194:Agriculture
6132:2007 export
5960:Foreign aid
5922:Development
5738:CITIC Group
5679:Other banks
5627:Food safety
5337:Real estate
5277:gold mining
5232:Electronics
5162:Aquaculture
4957:Shina/Zhina
4937:Ching chong
4900:Michelle Go
4890:Xiaoxing Xi
4880:Sherry Chen
4865:Jiayang Fan
4799:Qian Xuesen
4594:(1975–1979)
4545:(1956–1965)
4517:(1945–1946)
4487:(1942-1945)
4481:(1937–1938)
4429:(1901–1973)
4406:(1892–1943)
4379:(1885–1923)
4337:(1882–1943)
4331:(1881–1944)
4292:(1860–1861)
4222:By incident
4145:Philippines
4050:Hideki Tojo
3894:New Zealand
3761:Netherlands
3585:Phuket Baba
3546:Philippines
3517:Sino-Native
3299:from Taiwan
3258:from Taiwan
3217:Puerto Rico
2660:Nikkei Asia
2639:27 November
2450:24 November
2401:j.ctt5hj582
2216:11 February
1958:China Daily
1913:11 February
1781:. Malaysia.
1675:28 November
1641:28 November
1210:is fleeing
1178:and mostly
1143:outside of
973:Nationalist
816:a dominant
700:plantations
551:Pate Island
525:Lamu Island
411:New Village
379:compatriot
345:Mansur Syah
333:Han Chinese
285:Zhou Daguan
279:: Envoy of
200:Han dynasty
120:Warlord Era
83:outside of
49:Long Island
6335:Categories
6199:Bankruptcy
5975:Emigration
5945:Corruption
5659:Accounting
5612:Tax system
5512:Geothermal
5382:Television
5347:Securities
5332:Rare earth
5308:Publishing
5252:Hedge fund
5167:Automotive
5137:Industries
4895:Yao Pan Ma
4855:Haoyang Yu
4830:Danny Chen
4809:Wen Ho Lee
4074:By country
3978:Background
3630:Bangladesh
3597:Minh Hương
3475:East Timor
3416:Kyrgyzstan
3411:Kazakhstan
3323:Costa Rica
3136:Seychelles
3119:Mozambique
3104:Madagascar
2996:Cape Verde
2856:6 November
2831:0791426874
2810:0674252101
2587:25 January
2549:Daily News
2528:27 January
2368:0674252101
2343:0674252101
2190:23 January
2169:23 January
2144:23 January
1879:4 February
1845:4 February
1811:4 February
1519:27 January
1463:. New York
1461:Daily News
1358:References
1117:Chinatowns
1080:scientists
955:Kuomintang
849:(Cek Ham,
824:spoken in
814:Toishanese
719:free trade
599:centuries.
565:indigenous
439:sent from
359:(men) and
349:Hang Li Po
325:, married
235:Philippine
216:Tocharians
160:officials.
61:Chinatowns
41:8th Avenue
6296:See also:
6227:The Hongs
6204:Companies
6156:2010 Expo
5546:Transport
5497:Renewable
5480:Oil shale
5212:Container
5182:Aerospace
4850:Gang Chen
4840:Eileen Gu
4825:Anming Hu
4763:Mary Tape
4739:By victim
4404:Geary Act
4150:Singapore
4091:Indonesia
4081:Hong Kong
3867:Australia
3645:Sri Lanka
3558:Singapore
3480:Indonesia
3451:Southeast
3384:Venezuela
3349:Argentina
3328:Nicaragua
3268:Vancouver
3179:Caribbean
3114:Mauritius
2837:5 January
2764:4 January
2729:4 January
2421:28 August
1607:28 August
1593:"中國評論新聞網"
1363:Citations
1326:Peranakan
1057:Hong Kong
977:Singapore
884:of 1882.
855:Cantonese
812:, making
798:Zhongshan
769:Guangdong
711:Singapore
698:, rubber
696:tin mines
692:Guangdong
672:Singapore
615:Zhangzhou
594:When the
538:converted
509:porcelain
490:Guangdong
474:Palembang
423:Zhangzhou
249:merchants
198:From the
163:210 BCE:
110:, to the
98:Waves of
6305:Category
5748:Renminbi
5566:Shipping
5399:Textiles
5367:Software
5357:Shipping
5352:Sex toys
5321:Railway
5303:pharmacy
5257:Internet
5247:Gambling
5177:Aircraft
5172:Aviation
5145:Industry
4920:Chinaman
4539:(1950s-)
4160:Thailand
4118:Malaysia
3925:See also
3822:Bulgaria
3801:Portugal
3789:Southern
3696:Northern
3640:Pakistan
3580:Chin Haw
3575:Thailand
3507:Malaysia
3463:Cambodia
3442:Mongolia
3374:Suriname
3222:Suriname
3171:Americas
3158:Zimbabwe
3094:Botswana
3082:Southern
3063:Cameroon
3042:Tanzania
3032:Ethiopia
2633:BBC News
2559:29 March
2498:14 April
2476:14 April
1994:30 March
1964:30 March
1939:30 March
1779:The Star
1489:14 April
1467:14 April
1437:14 April
1415:14 April
1386:14 April
1240:See also
1188:homeland
1180:Mandarin
1149:Brooklyn
1133:enclaves
1050:Cold War
1002:entered
957:and the
932:Trinidad
890:head tax
843:tong lau
623:Quanzhou
561:Zheng He
517:Zheng He
427:Quanzhou
403:Surabaya
373:Zheng He
365:(women).
353:Zheng He
277:Cambodia
257:Cambodia
126:and the
112:Americas
73:enclaves
53:New York
6267:Mingong
6214:Top 500
6209:Largest
5940:Poverty
5669:History
5664:Banking
5646:banking
5642:Finance
5591:Exports
5561:Tourism
5492:Nuclear
5394:Tourism
5387:digital
5242:Fishing
5150:history
5055:History
5047:History
4971:Related
4773:Yick Wo
4522:Bersiap
4177:Vietnam
4135:Myanmar
4060:Pol Pot
4055:Suharto
4012:Minzoku
3860:Oceania
3832:Romania
3815:Eastern
3756:Ireland
3751:Hungary
3746:Germany
3729:Belgium
3722:Western
3708:Finland
3703:Denmark
3612:San Diu
3592:Vietnam
3551:Sangley
3534:Panthay
3524:Myanmar
3468:Hokkien
3404:Central
3379:Uruguay
3316:Central
3274:Toronto
3212:Jamaica
3130:Réunion
3124:Namibia
3099:Lesotho
3056:Central
3016:Senegal
3011:Nigeria
2980:Morocco
2965:Algeria
2679:Sources
2666:22 June
2123:28 June
2089:28 June
1743:28 June
1709:28 June
1331:Sangley
1231:ZouXian
1014:in the
981:Sarawak
936:Jamaica
918:to the
905:in 1947
903:de jure
867:Sze Yup
859:diaolou
851:Hoiping
838:Huáqiáo
820:of the
818:variety
790:Sam Yup
782:Sze Yup
747:Huaqiao
536:, they
519:during
462:Chinese
381:Ma Huan
301:Chinese
289:Chinese
265:Sumatra
237:island.
204:Chinese
185:elixirs
177:Chinese
169:Chinese
6119:Events
5457:Energy
5272:Mining
5217:Cotton
5207:Coffee
5202:Cement
5060:Reform
4947:Chinky
4835:Ee Lee
4588:(1974)
4577:(1969)
4551:(1962)
4531:(1947)
4511:(1943)
4505:(1942)
4469:(1931)
4447:(1911)
4441:(1907)
4435:(1907)
4412:(1899)
4395:(1887)
4368:(1885)
4320:(1876)
4309:(1873)
4298:(1862)
4286:(1857)
4238:(1603)
4155:Taiwan
3985:Coolie
3884:Hawaii
3847:Turkey
3842:Serbia
3837:Russia
3778:London
3734:France
3713:Sweden
3689:Europe
3671:Turkey
3666:Israel
3529:Kokang
3458:Brunei
3364:Guyana
3354:Brazil
3333:Panama
3281:Mexico
3245:Canada
3202:Guyana
3187:Belize
3153:Zambia
3109:Malawi
3089:Angola
3047:Uganda
2951:Africa
2872:.
2828:
2807:
2788:
2755:
2720:
2705:online
2613:9 June
2399:
2389:
2365:
2340:
2315:
2283:
2258:
2114:
2080:
1904:
1870:
1836:
1802:
1761:
1734:
1700:
1666:
1632:
1263:Haijin
1224:Queens
1203:Queens
1153:Queens
1127:, and
1038:Queens
1004:Yunnan
989:Malaya
948:Canada
942:, the
928:Guyana
857:) and
755:Hainan
751:Fujian
727:coolie
709:After
688:Fujian
631:Taiwan
582:Awatwa
534:python
494:Fujian
464::
441:Fujian
419:Canton
362:Nyonya
323:Champa
317:: the
315:Champa
303::
291::
271:Borneo
263:, and
253:Champa
231:Fujian
227:Nan An
206::
189:Honshu
179::
156:lands.
122:, the
5581:Ports
5524:Trade
5507:Solar
5372:Steel
5317:Radio
5262:Media
4942:Chink
4913:Slurs
4108:Korea
4096:Japan
4086:India
3909:Tonga
3904:Samoa
3889:Palau
3806:Spain
3796:Italy
3739:Paris
3635:India
3623:South
3539:Pashu
3437:Korea
3432:Japan
3359:Chile
3342:South
3237:North
3207:Haiti
3037:Kenya
3001:Ghana
2975:Libya
2970:Egypt
2958:North
2397:JSTOR
1167:from
1159:from
1095:visas
971:Some
926:(now
865:) in
778:珠江三角洲
542:Islam
523:. On
501:Kenya
305:真腊风土记
193:Japan
173:Xu Fu
5644:and
5526:and
5502:Wind
5470:Coal
5409:Wine
5362:Silk
5310:and
5301:and
5237:Film
5187:Beer
4113:Laos
3879:Fiji
3661:Iran
3654:West
3607:Nùng
3602:Ngái
3502:Laos
3425:East
3397:Asia
3369:Peru
3192:Cuba
3025:East
3006:Mali
2989:West
2858:2012
2839:2013
2826:ISBN
2805:ISBN
2786:ISBN
2766:2013
2753:ISBN
2731:2013
2718:ISBN
2668:2024
2641:2023
2615:2024
2589:2022
2561:2016
2530:2019
2500:2016
2478:2016
2452:2023
2423:2012
2387:ISBN
2363:ISBN
2338:ISBN
2313:ISBN
2281:ISBN
2256:ISBN
2218:2022
2192:2014
2171:2014
2146:2014
2125:2010
2112:ISBN
2091:2010
2078:ISBN
2057:2011
2045:Time
2026:2011
1996:2009
1966:2009
1941:2009
1915:2011
1902:ISBN
1881:2011
1868:ISBN
1847:2011
1834:ISBN
1813:2011
1800:ISBN
1759:ISBN
1745:2010
1732:ISBN
1711:2010
1698:ISBN
1677:2010
1664:ISBN
1643:2010
1630:ISBN
1609:2006
1521:2019
1491:2016
1469:2016
1439:2016
1417:2016
1388:2016
1350:Tong
1163:and
1151:and
1145:Asia
987:and
964:The
946:and
934:and
690:and
666:The
621:and
619:Amoy
609:The
492:and
470:Java
451:Siam
425:and
394:瀛涯胜览
369:Java
357:Baba
327:Cham
261:Java
85:Asia
5475:Oil
3919:An
2608:CNN
1575:doi
1544:doi
1342:常來人
1339:or
1336:生理人
1300:Hui
1119:in
1036:in
930:),
853:in
845:in
670:in
540:to
486:梁道明
375:'s
293:周达观
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1396:^
1371:^
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1226:.
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1190:.
1123:,
1086:.
1040:,
983:,
979:,
871:僑鄉
835:;
833:華僑
802:中山
794:三邑
786:四邑
503:.
478:旧港
476:;
466:杨欣
421:,
415:新村
407:泗水
385:馬歡
377:鄭和
371::
283:,
259:,
255:,
229:,
208:屯田
191:,
181:徐福
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