360:
2396:
958:
369:
47:
377:
844:
950:
1989:
389:
397:
882:. This provided a counterpoise to the persistent hostility of Charles V, who was determined to support the hereditary claims of his nieces, the daughters of Christian II, to the Scandinavian kingdoms. War was declared against Charles V in 1542, and, though the German Protestant princes proved faithless allies, the closing of the
728:
A mutual confidence between a king who had conquered his kingdom and a people who had stood in arms against him was not attainable immediately. The circumstances under which
Christian III ascended the throne exposed Denmark to the danger of foreign domination. It was with the help of the gentry of
940:
to each of the three brothers, while other general revenues, such as taxes from towns and customs dues, were levied together but then shared among the brothers. The estates, whose revenues were assigned to the parties, made
Holstein and Schleswig look like patchworks, technically inhibiting the
713:
until July 1536 when they surrendered after several months of siege by
Christian III's forces. With their capitulation, Christian III was firmly placed upon Denmark's throne, and the Roman Catholic forces in Denmark were subdued.
580:
in order to restore
Christian II to the Danish throne. Christian II had supported both the Roman Catholics and Protestant Reformers at various times. In opposition to Christian III, Count Christopher was proclaimed regent at the
662:
and suffered a terrible defeat at the hands of the peasants. Realizing his hold on the throne was in imminent danger, Christian III negotiated a deal with the Hansa States which allowed him to send his trusted advisor
792:). Vast tracts of land were handed out to the king's supporters, the royal land was rapidly expanded from one-sixth of the national land before the religious reform to 60% after the religious reform.
788:(1485–1558), which outlined church organization, liturgy, and accepted religious practice. Monasteries, nunneries, and priories, were closed and the property taken by the crown (see
750:. Christian III ordered the arrest of three of the bishops on the State Council by his German mercenaries (12 August 1536). Some Catholic bishops were later executed on his orders.
1064:
870:
and other kinsmen of the imprisoned
Christian II convinced him of the necessity to lessen the discontent in the land by relying on Danish magnates and nobles. At the High Court (
743:
of provisions stipulating that only native-born Danes should fill the highest dignities of the state, the king's German counsellors continued paramount during his early reign.
1464:
1441:
671:. In December, Rantzau's forces breached the walls and stormed the city. Clement managed to escape, but was apprehended a few days later. He was tried and beheaded in 1535.
757:
was enormous and confiscating the Church lands (farmed by peasants who had been free from vassalage duties to the nobles) enabled him to pay down the debt to his creditors.
1144:
886:
against Dutch shipping proved such an effective weapon in
Christian's hand that the Netherlands compelled Charles V to make peace with Denmark-Norway at the diet of
1659:, Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 73-109, here pp. 87seq.
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739:
and the German counsellors, both of whom sought to rule through the king. Though the Danish party won a victory at the outset, by obtaining the insertion in the
1676:
460:
which
Frederick I had made as a primary residence. In 1514, when he was just ten years old, Christian's mother died. Four years later, his father remarried to
1103:
733:
and German noblemen had led his armies and directed his diplomacy. The first six years of
Christian III's reign were marked by a contest between the Danish
306:
2041:
658:(c. 1484–1536) began an uprising in northern Jutland, pillaging the holdings of Lutheran nobles. An army of nobles and their vassals assembled at
3834:
1646:, comprising ecclesiastical and secular power, however lacking secular power Bishop of Schleswig with the pertaining revenues from episcopal estates.
2126:
2004:
1093:
1779:
1258:
545:, despite the opposition of the bishops. He made the Lutheran Church the State Church of Schleswig-Holstein, with the Church Ordinance of 1528.
423:
302:
3569:
2308:
2269:
2249:
899:
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Until this peace, Christian III also ruled the entire
Duchies of Holstein and of Schleswig in the name of his then still minor half-brothers
874:) of Copenhagen in 1542, the nobility of Denmark voted Christian a twentieth part of all their property to pay off his heavy debt to German
1655:
Cf. Carsten
Porskrog Rasmussen, "Die dänischen Könige als Herzöge von Schleswig und Holstein", Frauke Witte and Marion Hartwig (trls.), in:
2944:
1303:
789:
997:, between 1549 and 1557. In February 1555, he interceded successfully on the behalf of the English Bible translator and Bishop of Exeter,
3879:
746:
The triumph of Christian III would eventually bring about an end to Catholic Christianity in Denmark, but Catholics still controlled the
2013:
1347:
765:
723:
576:, in 1534. The Rigsraad, dominated by Roman Catholic bishops and nobles, refused to accept Duke Christian as king and turned to Count
501:
2231:
1809:
3814:
3819:
936:
of the duchies, the revenues of the duchies were divided into three equal shares by assigning the revenues of particular areas and
918:
418:
from 1537 until his death in 1559. During his reign, Christian formed close ties between the church and the crown. He established
3859:
3829:
3151:
1738:
3869:
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1107:
359:
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1281:
1111:
290:
847:
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667:
north with an army of Protestant German mercenaries. Clement and his army fled north, taking refuge inside the walls of
2053:
1081:
513:(1492–1565), were both zealous reformers who had an influence on the young Prince. At their urging, while traveling in
3799:
3562:
2301:
2111:
2086:
2067:
2030:
2964:
2937:
1060:
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and defeated Count Christopher's army at Øksnebjerg on Funen in June 1535. Count Christopher's forces held out in
3824:
3421:
2274:
2258:
1071:
910:
659:
627:
2036:
2546:
1859:
1643:
1618:
838:
472:. The young Prince Christian's first public service after his father became king was gaining the submission of
31:
1754:
1560:
914:
867:
538:
457:
211:
66:
17:
3849:
3555:
2666:
2294:
878:. The pivot of the foreign policy of Christian III was his alliance with the German Protestant princes and
506:
Christian's earliest teacher, Wolfgang von Utenhof (ca. 1495–1542) and his Lutheran tutor, the military
3839:
2930:
2123:
1075:
3844:
2953:
2910:
2889:
1787:
1052:
1017:
747:
262:
117:
3754:
3739:
3578:
3408:
2848:
2815:
2542:
565:
559:
453:
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682:
for help in subduing the rebels. Gustav immediately obliged by sending two armies to ravage central
3744:
3710:
3685:
3536:
3530:
3388:
3370:
3345:
3110:
2903:
2896:
2821:
2801:
2766:
2527:
994:
577:
298:
3749:
3734:
3715:
3700:
3695:
3680:
3675:
3660:
3524:
3375:
3360:
3355:
3340:
3335:
3292:
2843:
2808:
2787:
2780:
2759:
2752:
2731:
2551:
2343:
2317:
2278:
2220:
2194:
1029:
982:
966:
832:
469:
465:
294:
191:
153:
110:
61:
780:). This occurred officially on 30 October 1536 when the reconstituted State Council adopted the
3874:
3778:
3759:
3705:
3690:
3665:
3650:
3640:
3365:
3350:
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2508:
2475:
2240:
2215:
2177:
773:
542:
445:
328:
143:
100:
2832:
1419:
965:
The foreign policy of Christian's later days aimed at preserving the peace established by the
3655:
3630:
3287:
3260:
2724:
2620:
2522:
2498:
1594:
1351:
1325:
181:
2325:
3809:
3804:
3600:
3172:
3145:
2503:
2490:
2460:
2368:
933:
90:
1534:
990:
8:
3120:
3115:
3090:
2494:
2485:
2450:
2023:
The Scandinavian Reformation. From evangelical movement to institutionalisation of reform
970:
824:
785:
461:
449:
338:
812:
3769:
3625:
3305:
3226:
3162:
3100:
3095:
2697:
2635:
2591:
2537:
2517:
2512:
2480:
2435:
2148:
2000:
1711:
1032:
commissioned Dutch artists to erect a memorial to Christian III at Roskilde Cathedral.
1013:
986:
851:
679:
439:
318:
244:
2575:
1732:
3635:
3605:
3451:
3265:
3206:
3178:
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3049:
3019:
2651:
2532:
2470:
2465:
2107:
2082:
2063:
2049:
2026:
1660:
1087:
1002:
978:
932:) and Schleswig (a Danish fief). Following negotiations between the brothers and the
929:
922:
879:
631:
285:
248:
160:
1130:
796:
3446:
3195:
3167:
3043:
3013:
3007:
2404:
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1585:
804:
639:
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163:
3184:
3615:
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3140:
3105:
3085:
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3061:
3031:
3025:
3002:
2992:
2420:
2362:
2184:
2134:
2130:
2045:
1742:
1040:
998:
754:
655:
622:
606:
2395:
1657:
Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg
957:
3067:
2203:
1373:
1056:
883:
808:
781:
674:
With Jutland more or less secure, Christian next focused on gaining control of
602:
530:
510:
427:
207:
1001:(1488–1569), who had been imprisoned for two and a half years by the Catholic
3793:
3645:
3276:
2997:
2008:
1995:
1489:
1396:
937:
761:
664:
522:
518:
3441:
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3125:
2863:
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1145:
Stortinget.no (Norwegian parliament) – Endringer i Grunnloven og kirkeloven
368:
46:
855:
537:), but also with his cautious and temporizing father. At his own court at
525:
speak. Luther's arguments intrigued him. The Prince made no secret of his
376:
2858:
1837:
843:
769:
695:
477:
419:
52:
1909:
1090:(1540–1583), became Duke of Holstein, and later titular King of Livonia.
698:
Castle, which surrendered in January 1535 and was burned to the ground.
3494:
3456:
2868:
2455:
2380:
2017:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 276.
1959:
1934:
1036:
1009:
859:
800:
735:
710:
473:
228:
83:
3547:
2286:
949:
529:
views. His outspokenness brought him into conflict, not only with the
492:
in 1529, Christian III displayed considerable administrative ability.
396:
3620:
3595:
3221:
3201:
3189:
3157:
3135:
2922:
1589:
993:, converting it from a fortress into a four-winged castle in the new
928:
In 1544 the elder three brothers partitioned Holstein (a fief of the
875:
862:
reproduction of a lost painting made during the Swedish King's reign)
485:
2081:] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag. pp. 114–119.
3610:
3504:
3461:
3211:
730:
582:
526:
481:
403:
minted under Christian III in 1537. His coat of arms on the reverse
388:
348:
2060:
Denmark, 1513–1660. The rise and decline of a Renaissance monarchy
1994:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
706:
3725:
1168:
1100:; 1545–1622), Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg as 'John II'.
740:
687:
668:
651:
643:
573:
569:
514:
507:
411:
313:
232:
1884:
1035:
Christian III received an honorary stone at the Walk of Fame at
3586:
3499:
3474:
2956:
974:
887:
691:
683:
675:
635:
590:
489:
415:
1235:
1005:. Coverdale was then released and allowed to leave England.
702:
647:
613:) from 1534 to 1536, between Protestant and Catholic forces.
1512:
1191:
1067:. Christian and Dorothea were the parents of five children:
3055:
2374:
1810:"Walk of Fame minnesstenarna på Järnvägsgatan i Lndskrona"
953:
Gothic pantheon at tombs of Christian III and Frederick II
729:
the Germanic duchies that Christian had captured Denmark.
717:
410:(12 August 1503 – 1 January 1559) reigned as King of
422:
as the state religion within his realms as part of the
1284:. Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, 3. udg., Gyldendal 1979–84
690:. The peasants suffered a bloody defeat at Loshult in
650:. Christian III found his support among the nobles of
1960:"Dorothea, Hertuginde af Brunsvig-Lyneborg, 1546–1617"
893:
803:
with Denmark that would last until 1814. He also made
605:. This resulted in a two-year civil war, known as the
476:, which stood firm for the fugitive, Christian II. As
1084:(1534–1588), succeeded as King of Denmark and Norway.
1016:
in a funerary monument designed by Flemish sculptor
30:"Christian III" redirects here. For other uses, see
1935:"Hans (den yngre), Hertug af Sønderborg, 1545–1622"
1417:
1399:. Geografiskt-statistiskt handlexikon öfver Sverige
1261:. Den Store Danske, Gyldendal. Hentet 19. juni 2018
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1394:
961:Ahnentafel of King Christian III at Nyborg Castle
564:After his father's death, in 1533, Christian was
553:
444:Christian was the eldest son of the future king,
3791:
811:in Norway, and on 2 September 1537 he appointed
1697:Otto Norn, Jørgen Paulsen and Jørgen Slettebo,
1206:
3855:Converts to Lutheranism from Roman Catholicism
1642:In 1551 Frederick became administrator of the
1616:
973:of 1546, and mediated between the Emperor and
464:(1498–1568). In 1523, Frederick I was elected
380:King Christian III on Norwegian silver coin (
372:Painting depicting Christian III at Glücksborg
303:John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
3563:
2938:
2302:
1734:Christian 3. King of Denmark · Norway 1534–59
1008:Christian III died on New Year's Day 1559 at
678:. He appealed to the Protestant Swedish king
2333:
1462:
866:The dangers threatening Christian III from
799:in Norway made it a hereditary kingdom in a
790:Chronicle of the Expulsion of the Grayfriars
1510:
1279:
985:in 1553. In 1549, he began the building of
616:
3570:
3556:
2945:
2931:
2309:
2295:
724:Reformation in Denmark-Norway and Holstein
502:Reformation in Denmark-Norway and Holstein
45:
3835:People from Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein
3488:
2073:Scocozza, Benito (1997). "Christian 3.".
913:. They determined their youngest brother
3435:
3402:
3319:
3254:
2888:indicates Danish monarchs who were also
2674:
2643:
2612:
2583:
2443:
2412:
2072:
1598:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk nettleksikon
1256:
1166:
956:
948:
842:
517:in 1521, he made himself present at the
395:
387:
375:
367:
295:Frederick II, King of Denmark and Norway
3577:
2985:
2316:
1233:
1189:
718:After the war and coup d'état in Norway
307:Dorothea, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg
14:
3792:
2952:
2079:Politiken's book about Danish monarchs
921:of an ecclesiastical state within the
3551:
2926:
2290:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
2038:Christian d. 3. og kirken, 1537–1559
1999:
1699:Sønderborg Slot. Historie og bygning
1221:
642:, and the small farmers of northern
2025:(2 ed. Cambridge University Press)
1910:"Magnus, Konge af Lifland, 1540–83"
1108:William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1065:Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
969:. He refused to participate in the
941:emergence of separate new duchies.
894:Partition of Holstein and Schleswig
541:, he did his best to introduce the
24:
3880:Children of Frederick I of Denmark
2096:
1561:"2017 – et kirkehistorisk merkeår"
1376:. Salmonsens konversationsleksikon
1149:
1112:George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
495:
25:
3891:
2117:
2075:Politikens bog om danske monarker
1584:
27:King of Denmark from 1534 to 1559
3815:16th-century monarchs of Denmark
2394:
1987:
1736:(Danish Kings and Their History)
1350:. boisestate.edu. Archived from
1348:"The Reformation in Scandinavia"
1061:Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
829:First Treaty of Brömsebro (1541)
764:policies led Denmark toward the
548:
358:
3820:16th-century Norwegian monarchs
2058:Lockhart, Paul Douglas (2007)
2048:(Copenhagen: Akademisk forlag)
2035:Lausten, Martin Schwarz (1987)
1952:
1927:
1902:
1877:
1852:
1830:
1802:
1772:
1747:
1726:
1704:
1691:
1669:
1649:
1636:
1610:
1578:
1553:
1527:
1504:
1482:
1456:
1434:
1411:
1388:
1366:
1340:
1318:
850:: Christian III's meeting with
784:designed by German theologian
274:
3830:Leaders who took power by coup
1644:Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim
1296:
1273:
1250:
1227:
1183:
1138:
1124:
944:
839:Treaty of Fontainebleau (1541)
818:
815:as its first Lutheran bishop.
554:Early reign as King of Denmark
32:Christian III (disambiguation)
13:
1:
3865:Burials at Roskilde Cathedral
2334:
1712:"Miles Coverdale (1488–1569)"
1118:
568:of Denmark at an assembly in
1755:"Cornelis Floris(1514–1575)"
1565:Den norske kirke, Kirkerådet
1023:
468:in the place of his nephew,
433:
426:, and was the first King of
78:4 July 1534 – 1 January 1559
7:
1623:Den Store Danske, Gyldendal
1469:Den Store Danske, Gyldendal
1171:. Norsk biografisk leksikon
1076:Augustus, Elector of Saxony
1046:
694:. The Swedes moved against
630:had the support of most of
488:in 1526, and as viceroy of
10:
3896:
3870:People of the Count's Feud
3860:People from Denmark–Norway
2683:Christopher III of Bavaria
2509:Valdemar II the Victorious
2062:(Oxford University Press)
1980:
1701:, G.E.C. Gad forlag, 1963.
1374:"Skipper Clement, d. 1536"
1053:Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
1018:Cornelis Floris de Vriendt
836:
822:
721:
701:Rantzau moved his army to
654:. In 1534, peasants under
620:
557:
499:
437:
263:Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
135:12 August 1537, Copenhagen
29:
3768:
3724:
3585:
3516:
3473:
3420:
3387:
3304:
3239:
2963:
2881:
2830:
2705:
2696:
2665:
2634:
2605:
2574:
2434:
2403:
2392:
2324:
2266:
2225:
2212:
2201:
2191:
2182:
2174:
2169:
2142:
2021:Grell, Ole Peter (1995)
1889:Norsk biografisk leksikon
1418:Karsten Kjer Michaelsen.
848:First Treaty of Brömsebro
753:Christian's debt for the
560:Election of Christian III
533:dominated State Council (
354:
344:
334:
324:
312:
291:Anna, Electress of Saxony
284:
256:
239:
218:
201:
197:
187:
177:
173:1533 – 10 April 1559
169:
159:
149:
139:
131:
123:
116:
106:
96:
82:
74:
60:
44:
39:
3800:Christian III of Denmark
3779:Kristján X (Christian X)
3202:Magnus VI the Law-mender
1964:Dansk biografisk Lexikon
1939:Dansk biografisk Lexikon
1914:Dansk biografisk Lexikon
1780:"Kongegravenes historie"
1106:(1546–1617), married to
1074:(1532–1585), married to
617:Civil War (Count's Feud)
578:Christopher of Oldenburg
299:Magnus, Duke of Holstein
3475:III. Independent Norway
3158:Haakon II Broadshoulder
2106:(Universitetsforlaget)
2104:Danmark-Norge 1380–1814
2014:Encyclopædia Britannica
1679:. landskronahistoria.se
1539:reformation500.csl.edu/
1515:. Store norske leksikon
1395:Carl Martin Rosenberg.
1238:. Store norske leksikon
1194:. Store norske leksikon
1082:Frederick II of Denmark
983:Battle of Sievershausen
967:Treaty of Speyer (1544)
919:Diocesan administrator
833:Treaty of Speyer (1544)
214:, Denmark (now Germany)
3825:16th-century Lutherans
3389:II. Independent Norway
2133:at the website of the
1838:"Dorothea (1511–1571)"
1714:. Nash Ford Publishing
1259:"Wolfgang von Utenhof"
1059:. She was daughter of
1055:on 29 October 1525 at
1012:, and was interred in
962:
954:
863:
774:Danish National Church
597:) on St Liber's Hill (
543:Protestant Reformation
446:Frederick I of Denmark
424:Protestant Reformation
414:from 1534 and King of
404:
393:
385:
373:
329:Frederick I of Denmark
3726:Possession of Denmark
3173:Haakon III Sverresson
3146:Eystein II Haraldsson
3121:Sigurd I the Crusader
2970:Foreign and non-royal
2965:I. Independent Norway
2652:Eric VII of Pomerania
2481:Eric II the Memorable
1677:"Landskrona citadell"
1595:Store norske leksikon
1535:"Johannes Bugenhagen"
1492:. thereformation.info
1354:on September 17, 2016
1043:inaugurated in 2013.
960:
952:
846:
823:Further information:
795:In 1537, Christian's
500:Further information:
438:Further information:
399:
392:Seal of Christian III
391:
379:
371:
3587:Possession of Norway
3190:Haakon IV Haakonsson
3091:Magnus II Haraldsson
2978:monarchs in brackets
2562:Valdemar IV Atterdag
2499:Valdemar I the Great
2102:Øystein Rian (1997)
1864:Sächsische Biografie
1617:Jens Ulf Jørgensen.
1490:"Denmark and Norway"
934:Estates of the Realm
572:, a town in eastern
91:Copenhagen Cathedral
3850:Protestant monarchs
3579:Monarchs of Iceland
3409:Christian Frederick
3222:Haakon VI Magnusson
3217:Magnus VII Ericsson
3163:Magnus V Erlingsson
3131:Magnus IV the Blind
3116:Eystein I Magnusson
3106:Magnus III Barefoot
3086:Harald III Hardrada
3008:Harald II Greycloak
2667:Palatinate-Neumarkt
2547:Eric Christoffersen
2461:Canute IV the Saint
2318:Monarchs of Denmark
2001:Bain, Robert Nisbet
1860:"Anna von Dänemark"
1104:Dorothea of Denmark
825:Schmalkaldic League
786:Johannes Bugenhagen
782:Lutheran Ordinances
462:Sophie of Pomerania
450:Anna of Brandenburg
339:Anna of Brandenburg
182:Frederik of Denmark
3840:Dukes of Schleswig
3770:Kingdom of Iceland
3227:Olaf IV Haakonsson
3212:Haakon V Magnusson
3179:Guttorm Sigurdsson
3101:Haakon Toresfostre
2911:monarch of Iceland
2897:monarch of England
2890:monarchs of Norway
2518:Eric IV Plough-tax
2513:Valdemar the Young
2451:Sweyn II Estridsen
2356:Harald I Bluetooth
2149:House of Oldenburg
2129:2015-03-14 at the
2044:2017-01-05 at the
1790:on August 15, 2019
1741:2010-07-29 at the
1590:"Gjeble Pederssøn"
1463:Jesper Thomassen.
1444:. Den Store Danske
1328:. Learning4sharing
1326:"Sankt Libers hög"
1306:. Den Store Danske
1051:Christian married
1014:Roskilde Cathedral
989:. He also rebuilt
987:Landskrona Citadel
977:after the fall of
963:
955:
890:, on 23 May 1544.
864:
852:Gustav I of Sweden
480:of the Duchies of
452:. He was born at
440:House of Oldenburg
405:
394:
386:
374:
245:Roskilde Cathedral
3845:Dukes of Holstein
3787:
3786:
3545:
3544:
3512:
3511:
3469:
3468:
3422:Union with Sweden
3416:
3415:
3383:
3382:
3300:
3299:
3235:
3234:
3207:Eric II Magnusson
3168:Sverre Sigurdsson
3152:Magnus Haraldsson
3141:Inge I Haraldsson
3081:Magnus I the Good
3050:Olaf II the Saint
3038:Eiríkr Hákonarson
3026:Olaf I Tryggvason
3020:Haakon Sigurdsson
3003:Haakon I the Good
2993:Harald I Fairhair
2979:
2920:
2919:
2904:monarch of Sweden
2877:
2876:
2692:
2691:
2661:
2660:
2630:
2629:
2601:
2600:
2570:
2569:
2430:
2429:
2390:
2389:
2285:
2284:
2267:Succeeded by
2192:Succeeded by
2124:The Royal Lineage
1784:Roskilde Domkirke
1665:978-3-529-02606-5
1586:Godal, Anne Marit
1511:Hallgeir Elstad.
1280:K. C. Rockstroh.
1088:Magnus of Denmark
991:Sønderborg Castle
979:Maurice of Saxony
930:Holy Roman Empire
923:Holy Roman Empire
868:Emperor Charles V
628:Count Christopher
366:
365:
161:Duke of Schleswig
16:(Redirected from
3887:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3549:
3548:
3486:
3485:
3447:Charles III John
3433:
3432:
3400:
3399:
3317:
3316:
3252:
3251:
3196:Haakon the Young
3185:Inge II Bårdsson
3044:Sweyn Haakonsson
3014:Harald Bluetooth
2983:
2982:
2969:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2924:
2923:
2703:
2702:
2672:
2671:
2641:
2640:
2610:
2609:
2581:
2580:
2558:
2491:Sweyn III Grathe
2441:
2440:
2410:
2409:
2398:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2288:
2287:
2228:Duke of Holstein
2213:Preceded by
2175:Preceded by
2165:
2158:
2140:
2139:
2092:
2018:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1975:
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1972:
1970:
1956:
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1786:. Archived from
1776:
1770:
1769:
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1759:Oxford Reference
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1201:
1199:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1164:
1147:
1142:
1136:
1128:
1057:Lauenburg Castle
995:Renaissance syle
971:Schmalkaldic War
917:for a career as
813:Gjeble Pederssøn
748:Council of State
640:Hanseatic League
599:Sankt Libers hög
401:Danish rigsdaler
362:
278:
276:
225:
49:
37:
36:
21:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3884:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3764:
3720:
3581:
3576:
3546:
3541:
3537:Swedish monarch
3531:English monarch
3508:
3484:
3465:
3431:
3412:
3398:
3379:
3315:
3296:
3250:
3231:
3126:Harald IV Gille
3062:Haakon Ericsson
3032:Sweyn Forkbeard
2998:Eric I Bloodaxe
2977:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2921:
2916:
2873:
2836:
2826:
2709:
2688:
2657:
2626:
2597:
2566:
2556:
2533:Eric V Klipping
2471:Eric I Evergood
2426:
2421:Magnus the Good
2399:
2386:
2320:
2315:
2281:
2273:
2256:
2247:
2237:
2235:
2223:
2218:
2207:
2197:
2188:
2185:King of Denmark
2180:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2135:Danish Monarchy
2131:Wayback Machine
2120:
2099:
2097:Related reading
2089:
2046:Wayback Machine
1988:
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1743:Wayback Machine
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1541:. 14 April 2014
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1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1304:"Grevens Fejde"
1302:
1301:
1297:
1287:
1285:
1282:"Johan Rantzau"
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1255:
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1241:
1239:
1232:
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1207:
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1188:
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1172:
1165:
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1143:
1139:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1110:and mother of
1094:Hans of Denmark
1072:Anna of Denmark
1049:
1041:Carl XVI Gustaf
1039:which Sweden's
1026:
999:Miles Coverdale
947:
896:
841:
835:
821:
726:
720:
656:Skipper Clement
625:
619:
566:proclaimed king
562:
556:
551:
504:
498:
496:Religious views
466:King of Denmark
442:
436:
305:
301:
297:
293:
280:
277: 1525)
272:
268:
265:
252:
227:
223:
206:
89:
70:
62:King of Denmark
56:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3775:
3773:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3755:Frederick VIII
3752:
3747:
3742:
3740:Christian VIII
3737:
3731:
3729:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
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3575:
3574:
3567:
3560:
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3542:
3540:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3525:Danish monarch
3521:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3490:
3483:
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3404:
3397:
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3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3321:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3306:Denmark–Norway
3302:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3256:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3136:Sigurd II Munn
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3111:Olav Magnusson
3108:
3103:
3098:
3096:Olaf III Kyrre
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3068:Sweyn Knutsson
3052:
3047:
3028:
3023:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2989:
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2961:
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2907:
2900:
2893:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2849:Frederick VIII
2846:
2840:
2838:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2816:Christian VIII
2812:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2713:
2711:
2700:
2694:
2693:
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2687:
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2659:
2658:
2656:
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2645:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2628:
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2624:
2616:
2614:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2587:
2585:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:Christopher II
2540:
2538:Eric VI Menved
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2506:
2501:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2456:Harald III Hen
2453:
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2438:
2432:
2431:
2428:
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2416:
2414:
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2383:(Harthacanute)
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2283:
2282:
2270:John the Elder
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2224:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2204:King of Norway
2199:
2198:
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2190:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2170:Regnal titles
2167:
2166:
2164:1 January 1559
2157:12 August 1503
2146:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2119:
2118:External links
2116:
2115:
2114:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2070:
2056:
2054:978-8750026877
2033:
2019:
2009:Chisholm, Hugh
2005:Christian III.
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1422:. kulturarv.dk
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1257:Mikael Venge.
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938:landed estates
907:Hans den Ældre
895:
892:
820:
817:
809:state religion
722:Main article:
719:
716:
621:Main article:
618:
615:
603:Lund Cathedral
589:), and at the
558:Main article:
555:
552:
550:
547:
531:Roman Catholic
511:Johann Rantzau
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3711:Christian VII
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3686:Frederick III
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3671:Christian III
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3641:Christopher I
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3346:Frederick III
3344:
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3331:Christian III
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1236:"Christian 3"
1234:Erik Opsahl.
1230:
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1193:
1190:Erik Opsahl.
1186:
1170:
1169:"Christian 3"
1163:
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40:Christian III
38:
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18:Christian III
3750:Christian IX
3735:Frederick VI
3716:Frederick VI
3701:Christian VI
3696:Frederick IV
3681:Christian IV
3676:Frederick II
3670:
3661:Christian II
3376:Frederick VI
3361:Christian VI
3356:Frederick IV
3341:Christian IV
3336:Frederick II
3330:
3293:Christian II
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2809:Frederick VI
2807:
2800:
2793:
2788:Christian VI
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2781:Frederick IV
2779:
2772:
2765:
2760:Christian IV
2758:
2753:Frederick II
2751:
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2744:
2737:
2732:Christian II
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2723:
2716:
2706:
2681:
2650:
2619:
2590:
2552:Valdemar III
2419:
2373:
2361:
2354:
2350:Gorm the Old
2346:(Harthacnut)
2279:Frederick II
2262:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2226:
2221:Christian II
2202:
2195:Frederick II
2183:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2103:
2078:
2074:
2059:
2037:
2022:
2012:
1967:. Retrieved
1963:
1954:
1942:. Retrieved
1938:
1929:
1917:. Retrieved
1913:
1904:
1892:. Retrieved
1888:
1885:"Frederik 2"
1879:
1867:. Retrieved
1863:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1832:
1820:. Retrieved
1816:
1804:
1792:. Retrieved
1788:the original
1783:
1774:
1762:. Retrieved
1758:
1749:
1733:
1728:
1716:. Retrieved
1706:
1698:
1693:
1681:. Retrieved
1671:
1656:
1651:
1638:
1626:. Retrieved
1622:
1612:
1600:. Retrieved
1593:
1580:
1569:. Retrieved
1567:. 2017-12-30
1564:
1555:
1543:. Retrieved
1538:
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1513:"folkekirke"
1506:
1494:. Retrieved
1484:
1472:. Retrieved
1468:
1465:"Øksnebjerg"
1458:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:"Øksnebjerg"
1436:
1424:. Retrieved
1420:"Øksnebjerg"
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1390:
1378:. Retrieved
1368:
1356:. Retrieved
1352:the original
1342:
1330:. Retrieved
1320:
1308:. Retrieved
1298:
1286:. Retrieved
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1252:
1240:. Retrieved
1229:
1198:September 1,
1196:. Retrieved
1192:"Frederik 1"
1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1140:
1131:
1126:
1097:
1050:
1034:
1030:Frederick II
1027:
1007:
964:
927:
906:
901:
897:
871:
865:
794:
777:
760:Christian's
759:
755:Count's Feud
752:
745:
734:
727:
700:
673:
626:
623:Count's Feud
610:
607:Count's Feud
598:
594:
586:
563:
534:
505:
470:Christian II
443:
407:
406:
381:
224:(1559-01-01)
192:Frederick II
154:Frederick II
111:Frederick II
51:Portrait by
3810:1559 deaths
3805:1503 births
3772:(1918–1944)
3760:Christian X
3728:(1814–1918)
3706:Frederick V
3691:Christian V
3666:Frederick I
3651:Christian I
3589:(1262–1814)
3366:Frederick V
3351:Christian V
3326:Frederick I
3283:Christian I
3271:Christopher
2954:Monarchs of
2859:Frederik IX
2854:Christian X
2795:Frederick V
2774:Christian V
2739:Frederick I
2718:Christian I
2621:Margrethe I
2557:Interregnum
2263:(1544-1559)
2254:(1544-1559)
2245:(1523-1533)
2241:Frederick I
2216:Frederick I
2178:Frederick I
1969:December 1,
1944:December 1,
1919:December 1,
1894:December 1,
1869:December 1,
1840:. kvinfo.dk
1822:December 1,
1794:December 1,
1764:December 1,
1628:December 1,
1545:December 1,
1474:December 1,
1132:Christian 3
1098:the Younger
945:Final years
876:mercenaries
819:Later reign
805:Lutheranism
797:coup d'état
770:Lutheranism
696:Helsingborg
680:Gustav Vasa
593:Assembly (
478:stadtholder
420:Lutheranism
384:) from 1546
178:Predecessor
144:Frederick I
140:Predecessor
101:Frederick I
97:Predecessor
53:Jakob Binck
3794:Categories
3631:Margaret I
3616:Magnus VII
3495:Haakon VII
3489:Since 1905
3457:Charles IV
3442:Charles II
2976:, disputed
2972:rulers in
2869:Frederik X
2837:since 1863
2833:Glücksburg
2381:Canute III
2337:916 – 1042
2208:1537–1559
2189:1534–1559
1844:August 15,
1619:"Herredag"
1571:2018-06-22
1496:August 15,
1358:August 15,
1310:August 15,
1242:August 15,
1175:August 15,
1119:References
1037:Landskrona
1010:Koldinghus
860:watercolor
837:See also:
801:real union
778:Folkekirke
762:Protestant
736:Rigsraadet
711:Copenhagen
660:Svendstrup
585:Assembly (
474:Copenhagen
229:Koldinghus
132:Coronation
84:Coronation
3646:Charles I
3621:Haakon VI
3601:Magnus VI
3596:Haakon IV
3436:1814–1905
3403:Only 1814
3320:1524–1814
3277:Charles I
3255:1387–1523
2710:1448–1863
2698:Oldenburg
2675:1440–1448
2644:1397–1439
2636:Pomerania
2613:1376–1412
2606:Estridsen
2584:1376–1387
2504:Canute VI
2444:1047–1375
2436:Estridsen
2413:1042–1047
2375:Canute II
2369:Harald II
2326:Knýtlinga
2236:1523–1559
2232:Schleswig
2003:(1911). "
1397:"Loshult"
1222:Bain 1911
1028:In 1579,
1024:Memorials
915:Frederick
902:the Elder
856:Brömsebro
595:landsting
587:landsting
539:Schleswig
486:Schleswig
458:Schleswig
434:Childhood
355:Signature
319:Oldenburg
251:, Denmark
235:, Denmark
212:Schleswig
188:Successor
164:-Holstein
150:Successor
127:1537–1559
107:Successor
3636:Eric III
3611:Haakon V
3505:Harald V
3462:Oscar II
3266:Eric III
3261:Margaret
2986:872–1387
2495:Canute V
2405:Fairhair
2344:Сanute I
2127:Archived
2042:Archived
1739:Archived
1047:Children
872:Herredag
858:, 1541 (
731:Holstein
583:Ringsted
535:Rigsraad
527:Lutheran
521:to hear
482:Holstein
349:Lutheran
345:Religion
3626:Olaf IV
3606:Eric II
3452:Oscar I
3074:Ælfgifu
2974:italics
2886:Italics
2592:Olaf II
2363:Sweyn I
2011:(ed.).
1998::
1981:Sources
1718:June 1,
1683:June 1,
1602:26 July
1588:(ed.).
1519:June 1,
1448:June 1,
1426:June 1,
1403:June 1,
1380:June 1,
1332:June 1,
1288:June 1,
1265:June 1,
981:at the
772:as the
741:charter
688:Halland
669:Aalborg
652:Jutland
644:Jutland
632:Zealand
601:) near
574:Jutland
515:Germany
508:general
412:Denmark
279:
271:
267:
249:Zealand
233:Kolding
67:more...
3656:John I
3520:Regent
3500:Olav V
3065:&
3059:&
3041:&
3035:&
3017:&
2957:Norway
2576:Bjälbo
2160:
2110:
2085:
2066:
2052:
2029:
2007:". In
1992:
1663:
1096:(John
1003:Mary I
975:Saxony
909:) and
888:Speyer
880:France
831:, and
692:Scania
684:Scania
676:Scania
638:, the
636:Scania
591:Scania
490:Norway
448:, and
416:Norway
335:Mother
325:Father
257:Spouse
240:Burial
55:, 1550
3535:Also
3529:Also
3523:Also
2909:Also
2902:Also
2895:Also
2476:Niels
2275:Adolf
2259:Adolf
2239:with
2162:Died:
2155:Born:
2077:[
1813:(PDF)
911:Adolf
900:John
884:Sound
707:Malmø
703:Funen
648:Funen
314:House
286:Issue
273:(
269:
170:Reign
124:Reign
75:Reign
3288:John
3056:Cnut
2725:John
2523:Abel
2277:and
2250:John
2230:and
2219:and
2108:ISBN
2083:ISBN
2064:ISBN
2050:ISBN
2027:ISBN
1971:2019
1946:2019
1921:2019
1896:2019
1871:2019
1846:2016
1824:2019
1796:2019
1766:2019
1720:2018
1685:2018
1661:ISBN
1630:2019
1604:2018
1547:2019
1521:2018
1498:2016
1476:2019
1450:2018
1428:2018
1405:2018
1382:2018
1360:2016
1334:2018
1312:2016
1290:2018
1267:2018
1244:2016
1200:2016
1177:2016
1063:and
807:the
709:and
686:and
646:and
484:and
219:Died
202:Born
854:in
768:of
570:Rye
456:in
3796::
2545:/
2511:/
2497:/
2493:/
2335:c.
1962:.
1937:.
1912:.
1887:.
1862:.
1815:.
1782:.
1757:.
1621:.
1592:.
1563:.
1537:.
1467:.
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925:.
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275:m.
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1500:.
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1269:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
