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261:. Their ancestors were nomadic, travelling from northern Georgian Bay and the United States around Lakes Huron and Michigan. The early Canadian government tried to assimilate First Nations peoples into the larger society. They encouraged the Beausoleil to give up their nomadic ways and settle at Coldwater in 1834-1842 as part of the Coldwater Narrows Reserve. Later the Natives were displaced to
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to cross day-to-day to get access to all the goods and services, as well as hospitals, medical appointments. I, in good conscience, can't continue to sail this ferry knowing that tragedy could happen out on that water," Christian Island Chief Roly
Monague said, according to the Canadian Press. The band council had put off regular maintenance of the ferry in an effort to ensure its replacement.
164:, consisting of 63 small islands in Georgian Bay, near Port Severn. UNESCO's Georgian Bay Biosphere Reserve covers an area of 347,000 hectares (860,000 acres) that stretches 200 kilometres (120 miles) along Georgian Bay's eastern coast from Port Severn to the French River, and is the world's largest freshwater archipelago – known as The
385:"The community is prepared to partner in order to have a new ferry, and we are obviously prepared to step up and do our part. And we know the province wants to do something as well. So we are going to make this happen," Minister Carolyn Bennett, Minister of Indigenous and Northern Affairs, commented after the meeting.
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The ferry broke down again mid-summer, 2016, and after a lengthy repair period was brought back into operation in
November 2016. It broke down again a few weeks later, leaving residents' cars stranded on the island or mainland. The Island's official website (on November 25, 2016) states that: "Due to
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On
February 13, 2016, Canadian newspapers featured a story about the island's 65-year-old ferry, the M.V. Sandy Graham, which was purchased by the government in 1998. First Nations residents believe the aging ferry, the islands' lifeline, must be replaced in the very near future. "Our people have
295:, carries passengers only. It is capable of breaking ice up to 6" thick. A hovercraft serves the island in case of emergency. At times of severe cold, the people build an ice road between the island and the mainland. As a result of the above average ice cover in February 2014 the ice road was opened.
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However, despite their attempts to clear the forest and plant crops, famine struck the group as winter descended, which historical evidence suggests, caused an outbreak of cannibalism. This was followed by an attack by the
Iroquois in March of 1650. Facing increasingly hostile conditions, the Jesuits
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The First Nation has tried various ways to generate income on the small reserve, including stocking the island with pheasants for hunting, a cattle operation, a charcoal operation, and a commercial fishery. A portion of lands are designated for cottage leasing. Today, many of the residents work on
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Christian Island is a favorite destination for scuba divers given the close proximity of a number of old shipwrecks (most going back a century or more) near
Christian Island, and near the adjacent, uninhabited Hope Island. These include: Mapledawn (North West of Christian Island), steel freighter
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During their brief stay, the
Jesuits constructed a small fort including a stone wall, a church, living quarters, a well and a stable. The Huron camp, consisting of over 100 cabins, was also fortified in the case of a potential siege. This collection of structures was termed Sainte-Marie II by
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wars. The
Jesuits called the island St. Joseph Island. With insufficient food, many of the First Nations people starved during the winter. The island's occupation by Huron Catholics and Jesuits was the basis for its name of "Christian" Island. Specifically, it was named in honour of the
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and most of the Huron refugees left the island and travelled to Quebec in the summer of 1650. The remaining Huron, along with the surviving remnants of the Petun, an
Iroquoian group living at the base of the Niagara Escarpment near present-day Collingwood, left the island in 1651. The
379:"The current vessel over 60 years old – it's on its last legs. It's going to break down and it's going to be gone for good. We are going to be at a standstill pretty soon if we don't come up with a solution pretty fast," Chief Mary McCue-King said at the meeting.
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the mainland, and a growing community has sprung up on an annex of property at the Cedar Point landing. Hope and
Beckwith islands are uninhabited, but are popular anchorage sites for boaters, who pay a small anchorage fee to the First Nation community.
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built in 1890 and sank 1924; Saucy Jim (East of
Christian Island), sank 1910; gain vessel Michigan (North West of Hope Island), sank 1843; schooner Lottie Wolf (North East of Hope Island), sank 1879; and Marquette (East of Hope Island), sank 1867.
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a significant engine repair that is required, the M.V. Sandy Graham will be out of service for an indefinite period of time as of today. Updates will be posted as they arise but due to the damage to the engine, it will be a lengthy repair."
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Lake Huron (in which Georgian Bay is located) is the final resting place to hundreds of other sunken vessels, many of them of great historic value. These shipwrecks are generally well preserved, owing to the cold, fresh water habitat.
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Guy Monague won the general election, defeating former chief Roland Monague by 33 votes. He succeeded Mary McCue-King, who was elected in 2016 but did not seek reelection. McCue-King presently serves as the executive director of the
206:. The three islands were, in the 19th century, collectively known as the Christian Islands: Beckwith Island was called Faith Island, while Christian Island, which is the largest of the three, was known as Charity Island.
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or unofficially as "Ice Age Grass," has been found on the Island. This is linked to its glacial beginnings. Forked three-awned grass is designated as a species at risk.
326:, was the island's first chief after the departure of Indian agents in the 1960s. He served as chief for more than two decades, from the late 1960s until around 1990.
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The First Nation operates an elementary school, a health centre, and a community centre. 24-hour EMS service and a volunteer fire department operate year-round.
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Together with other First Nations in the area, the Beausoleil have filed a land claim for lands situated between Matchedash Bay at Coldwater and the narrows at
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Ferry terminal in Cedar Point (Christian Island 30A IR) to Christian Island, with Beckwith Island on the right and Hope Island in the distance on the left.
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The new 26-30 car ferry, which will be able to break through the ice, will cost 23 million dollars plus 10 million dollars in upgrades to the dock.
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election regulations, Beausoleil First Nation holds their general elections every two years. The June 23, 2018 election resulted in the following:
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located in Twelve Mile Sound, 27.5 kilometres (17.1 mi) north of Christian Island, it forms the land base for the
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had suffered serious losses in Iroquois raids in late 1649 and 1650. Their descendants eventually settled in the
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penned a song about Christian Island in 1972 (Christian Island (Georgian Bay) which includes the lyric "In the
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reserve is shared among Beausoleil and two other First Nations, the two Christian Island reserves are not.
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Since November 2016, Terra Sandy Roy has served as Youth Chief, with Lance Copegog as Deputy Youth Chief.
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Christian Island is primarily forest. The bedrock is limestone, and the soil is mainly sand, remnants of
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in 1842, and still later, were displaced to Christian Island in 1856, where they have remained.
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that marks the southern tip of the island. It was used in the past for ships travelling from
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The Beausoleil First Nation has committed to contributing 10 million dollars to the project.
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As reported by Roger Klein of Barrie's CTV News, Chief Mary McCue-King and Minister
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of Christian Island"), alluding to the popularity of the island as a sailing area.
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621:"Ontario First Nation says aging ferry must be replaced or they will be cut off"
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Lighthouse Point, featuring the oldest lighthouse (b. 1859) in Georgian Bay
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423:. The newly elected Chief and Council were sworn in on July 6, 2018.
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515:"From Grey to Print: Preliminary Excavations at Sainte Marie II"
456:"From Grey to Print: Preliminary Excavations at Sainte Marie II"
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area. Some were later forcibly resettled by U.S. authorities in
141:. Christian Islands' highest elevation is 209 metres (686 feet)
595:"Chief Rodney Monague Interview-Christian Island, Nov. 29,2009"
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Originally, Christian Island was known by its Huron name
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took refuge during the winter on the island during the
574:"Former chief helped build Christian Island community"
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Aerial view of Christian Island from the southeast.
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492:. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 73.
209:In 1649, thousands of Huron refugees and a few
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322:Rodney Monague (1942–2013), a survivor of the
125:. Together with the 7.5 hectares (18.5 acres)
490:Before Ontario: The Archeology of a Province
195:. A prehistoric species of grass, known as
437:Oath of Office took place on June 1, 2021.
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72:View of Christian Island from Cedar Point.
324:Canadian Indian residential school system
283:A ferry service connects the mainland at
115:, is a 5,428.1 hectares (13,413.1 acres)
671:Page with pronunciations of street names
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488:Munson, Marit; Jamieson, Susan (2013).
127:Christian Island Indian Reserve No. 30A
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433:http://www.chimnissing.ca/council.html
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287:to Christian Island. A car ferry, the
152:, part of Awenda Provincial Park, and
122:Christian Island Indian Reserve No. 30
409:Councillor: Lauraine Judith Jamieson
374:Beausoleil First Nation Youth Council
257:Christian Island is inhabited by the
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148:To the east of Christian Island is
107:. The island, with its neighbours
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162:Georgian Bay Islands National Park
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306:to Penetanguishene, Midland, and
156:, part of UNESCO's Georgian Bay
133:and the 3.1 hectares (7.7 acres)
372:held a meeting, brokered by the
329:Canadian folk singer-songwriter
733:Catholic missions of New France
601:from the original on 2021-12-12
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405:Chief Councillor: Joanne Sandy
135:Chippewa Island Indian Reserve
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548:"Christian Island Lighthouse"
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415:Councillor: C. Susan Copegog
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215:Sainte-Marie among the Hurons
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95:close to the communities of
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429:Election Results June 2021
407:Councillor: Kristin Monague
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642:"Christian Island Meeting"
513:Carruthers, Peter (2014).
454:Carruthers, Peter (2014).
413:Councillor: Angela Beedie
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16:Island in Ontario, Canada
421:Ogemawahj Tribal Council
411:Councillor: Hank Monague
197:Forked three-awned grass
62:209 m (686 ft)
728:Islands of Georgian Bay
298:Christian Island has a
259:Beausoleil First Nation
166:Thirty Thousand Islands
160:(GBBR) and part of the
139:Beausoleil First Nation
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193:Glacial Lake Algonquin
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59:Highest elevation
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131:Cedar Point, Ontario
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522:Ontario Archaeology
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396:In accordance with
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318:Notable individuals
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403:Chief: Guy Monague
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213:missionaries from
150:Giants Tomb Island
119:reserve, known as
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704:44.833°N 80.200°W
681:islanderonline.ca
499:978-0-7735-4208-2
354:Ferry controversy
263:Beausoleil Island
158:Biosphere Reserve
154:Beausoleil Island
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54:, Lake Huron
52:Georgian Bay
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647:January 14,
308:Parry Sound
304:Collingwood
285:Cedar Point
173:Lake Simcoe
129:located at
109:Hope Island
87:is a large
722:Categories
532:9 November
473:9 November
441:References
398:Indian Act
392:Governance
341:Shipwrecks
300:lighthouse
187:Background
528:: 114–116
469:: 114–116
204:Gahoendoe
43:Geography
605:June 15,
599:Archived
579:June 15,
558:June 15,
252:Oklahoma
223:Iroquois
48:Location
695:80°12′W
692:44°50′N
248:Windsor
244:Detroit
105:Ontario
101:Midland
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211:Jesuit
117:Ojibwa
89:island
518:(PDF)
459:(PDF)
240:Petun
219:Huron
649:2017
628:2016
607:2014
581:2014
560:2014
534:2023
494:ISBN
475:2023
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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