31:
324:
74:
1580:
134:, they traveled through wilderness and villages, preaching every day at any place available (peoples' cabins, courthouses, fields, meeting houses, even basements and street corners). Unlike clergy in urban areas, Methodist circuit riders were always on the move, needing five to six weeks to cover the longest routes. Their ministerial activity boosted Methodism into the largest
232:, a former circuit rider himself in Upper Canada and Quebec, became an influential advocate within Methodism for mature style that eschewed rowdy camp meetings and had educated and middle-class clergy. While some groups sought to restore the older frontier style, in general Methodism moved beyond circuit riders as their main tool for evangelism.
118:
assigned a circuit, it was his responsibility to conduct worship and visit members of each church in his charge on a regular basis in addition to possibly establishing new churches. He was supervised by a
Presiding Elder (now called a District Superintendent) who would visit each charge four times a year, the "Quarterly Conference".
354:, and his own time briefly spent in a Confederate prison during the American Civil War gained Brownlow a greatly expanded audience across the northern United States who were eager to purchase both his books and admission tickets for his northern U.S. speaking tour during the later years of the American Civil War.
249:
years (again, they are stationed there annually by the
Conference); the Conference may not station someone beyond this period without an invitation from the Circuit Meeting for that minister to remain in the circuit, but it is unusual for a minister to stay for longer than seven or eight years in one circuit.
94:
congregations, and until late in the 20th century, neither pastor nor congregation had any say in the appointment. This meant that in the early days of the United States, as the population developed, Methodist clergy could be appointed to circuits wherever people were settling. Early leaders such as
117:
would appoint them either to a new circuit or to remain at the same one. Most often they were moved to another appointment every year. (In 1804, the
Methodist Episcopal General Conference decreed that no pastor was to serve the same appointment for more than two consecutive years.) Once a pastor was
210:
the poor," and insisted that the trappings of respectable middle-class life be set aside. This included financial security; the annual salary of $ 80 for circuit riders was rarely paid in full. The result was that circuit riders were largely zealous young men, with few lasting longer than 12 years
500:
The first-person accounts of pioneer circuit riders give insight to the culture of the early United States as well as the theology and sociology of religion (and especially
Methodism) in the young nation. Quite a few circuit riders published memoirs. These are generally available in the collections
349:
Tennessee governor, and U.S. Senator, began his career as a circuit rider in the 1820s and 1830s. Brownlow gained wide notoriety for his wild clashes --- both in person and in print --- with rival
Baptist and Presbyterian missionaries and Christian sectarian authors across the Southern Appalachian
189:
are grouped in circuits, which typically include a dozen or more churches, and ministers are appointed ("stationed") to the circuit, not to the local church. A typical
English circuit has two or three times as many churches as ministers, the balance of the services being led by lay Methodist local
93:
denomination and its successors worked especially well in the service of rural villages and unorganized settlements. In the
Methodist denominations, congregations do not "call" (or employ) a pastor of their own choice. Instead, a bishop "appoints" (assigns) a pastor to a congregation or a group of
248:
pastor will stay at a local church for 2–5 years before being appointed to another charge at the Annual
Conference (although technically, every pastor is assigned to a charge every year, it is just usually the same one). In British Methodism, ministers are normally appointed to a circuit for five
227:
invoking the Holy Spirit and circuit riders. A split developed between the two styles, with more
Methodists in congregations with formal attire, church choirs, seminary-educated ministers, and so on. Many Methodists ministers wanted to marry, have children, and settle down with a family, rather
244:. Although most charges in the United States now consist of a single church, the tradition of itinerancy is still relevant in contemporary American Methodism and in most Methodist Churches worldwide. Although not moving as frequently as in the past, the average U.S.
1056:
1039:
The looking-glass: being a true report and narrative of the life, travels and labors of the Rev. Daniel H. Peterson, a colored clergyman; embracing a period of time from the year 1812 to 1854, and including his visit to western
198:, covered enormous distances on horseback during his career, and early British Methodist preachers also rode around their circuits, in general they had far less formidable traveling commitments than their American counterparts.
185:" Hosier, he traveled 270,000 miles and preached 16,000 sermons as he made his way up and down early America supervising clergy. He brought the concept of the circuit from English Methodism, where it still exists:
201:
Asbury came from humble beginnings (his father was a gardener) and took seriously the idea that Jesus ministered to the poor. He selected preachers willing to experience a similar life. He said "We must suffer
84:
In sparsely populated areas of the United States it always has been common for clergy in many denominations to serve more than one congregation at a time, a form of church organization sometimes called a
130:
between distant churches, these preachers were popularly called "circuit riders" or "saddlebag preachers" although their official role was "traveling clergy". Carrying only what could fit in their
61:
could be found in other faiths as well, particularly among minority faith groups. They were most prominent during the early years of the United States, from 1784–1830, and were part of the
1498:
144:
The early frontier ministry was often lonely and dangerous. Samuel
Wakefield's hymn describes a circuit rider's family anxiously waiting for the preacher's return; the final stanza reads
223:
As the United States prospered, there came to be more Methodists living in settled cities with enough population for a proper church building, and less need for the frontier-style
481:, at the end of the three-minute segment. The preacher was William B. Livermon Sr., who served several Virginia churches during his lifetime before passing away in 1992.
1388:
426:
In retrospect, the circuit rider became a romantic figure and was featured in a number of novels in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Two of these novels are
284:, who became an educator, served as a circuit rider for three years. It was not uncommon for clergy to serve on circuits for a few years and then go to other work.
1329:
141:
at the time, with 14,986 members and 83 traveling preachers in 1784 and by 1839, 749,216 members served by 3,557 traveling preachers and 5,856 local preachers.
53:, were clergy assigned to travel around specific geographic territories to minister to settlers and organize congregations. Circuit riders were clergy in the
240:
As well as being constantly on the move between the churches in their charge, Methodist ministers were regularly moved between charges, a principal known as
1083:
411:
521:
1380:
190:
preachers or retired ("supernumerary") ministers. The title circuit rider, however, was an American coinage born of American necessities. Although
715:. Vol. 1. Indianapolis: Select Committee of the Centennial History of the Indiana General Committee, Indiana Historical Bureau. p. 123.
1111:
469:
broadcast "Justice and The Circuit Rider", a rural preacher appearing on his mount, Justice, and presenting a brief parable using props from his
1848:
1833:
181:(1745–1816), the founding bishop of American Methodism, established the precedent for circuit riding. Together with his driver and partner "
379:, the town he had earlier founded. Hinde was a notable minister, newspaper publisher, attorney, real estate entrepreneur and clerk for the
375:
was a Methodist circuit rider in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky and Missouri from the early 1800s until about 1825. He eventually settled in
682:
934:
1619:
990:
The Snow-shoe Itinerant : An Autobiography of the Rev. John L. Dyer, Familiarly Known as "Father Dyer" of the Colorado Conference
2255:
1656:
1408:
1321:
1126:
17:
1769:
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502:
898:(Search books for the subject heading, "Methodist Episcopal Church --Clergy --Biography," and look for 19th Century publications.)
361:, James "Gip" Hardin, was a Methodist preacher and circuit rider in the mid-1800s. Hardin's father traveled over much of central
2101:
2059:
1873:
1459:
1451:
1257:
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region of the United States. Brownlow's books detailing the Confederate States of America military occupation of his hometown of
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1793:
1545:
1443:
1337:
577:
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as a circuit rider due to death or retirement. Asbury also invited only circuit riders and other traveling preachers to the
1911:
1490:
506:
1853:
1069:
212:
1023:
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1471:
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because they traveled on horseback. KĂ©ralum was also an architect who designed and helped build churches such as the
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just after the end of "Shock Theater". In these short films, the host was identified only as the Circuit Rider from
2229:
2121:
1755:
1506:
1140:
652:
2197:
1637:
1482:
1228:
2147:
2116:
1878:
1612:
1537:
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966:, several memoirs became available on-line. Some circuit rider memoirs available through Google Books include:
743:
2082:
1683:
1427:
380:
1762:
1154:
908:
388:
256:, a minister serving more than one church is referred to as having a "(number of churches) point charge".
105:
A "circuit" (nowadays referred to as a "charge") was a geographic area that encompassed two or more local
2224:
2009:
1798:
1553:
1435:
1273:
265:
102:
exercised near total discretion on the selection, training, ordaining, and stationing of circuit riders.
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2069:
1419:
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90:
77:"The Vision of the Circuit Rider", a romanticized view of preachers with Bible in hand visiting humble
54:
1813:
1605:
1514:
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338:
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1917:
1289:
478:
186:
821:
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1241:
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403:
253:
245:
1989:
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1305:
1203:
1189:
376:
138:
62:
1034:(Someone wrote “Good Circuit Riding” on one of the unnumbered front pages of the Google copy.)
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89:". In the rough frontier days of the early United States, the pattern of organization in the
2004:
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369:, where he established a school – also named for John Wesley, the founder of Methodism.
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1981:
1971:
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316:. Joseph Tarkington, another circuit rider in Indiana, was the grandfather of novelist
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30:
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596:(revised edition). Springfield, Mass: Willey & Co., 1889, p. 470. Available at:
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513:) seems to have the largest collection of these writings, including over 70 items.
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39:
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473:. These spots also appeared on the Richmond ABC affiliate WXEX, now operating as
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1994:
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528:, which includes material on the church's extensive network of circuit riders.
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on his preaching circuit until 1869 when he and his family settled in Sumpter,
305:
178:
95:
1055:
In addition, St. George's Methodist Church in Philadelphia recently digitized
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2019:
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Cincinnati: Cranston and Curts, 1856; Cartwright, Peter (Ed. W. S. Hooper).
516:
Through his role as chairman of the United Methodist editorial committee in
484:
Inspired by the story of Catholic circuit rider Pierre Yves KĂ©ralum, author
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from 1853 to 1872. He was one of about thirty Catholic priests known as the
383:. More than 47 volumes of his personal and business documents are among the
2039:
2014:
1949:
1937:
1742:
970:
963:
720:
384:
229:
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1737:
572:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 48–52, 60–61, 135, 229.
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1966:
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331:
281:
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than the poor itinerant style favored by Asbury with its high turnover.
191:
182:
1051:. Concordia Historical Institute Quarterly, Summer 1990, Vol. 63, No. 2.
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1828:
135:
131:
847:
1628:
1119:
638:
Christ-Janer, Albert, Charles W. Hughes, and Carleton Sprague Smith.
470:
351:
195:
78:
418:, as well as chapels, rectories, and other buildings in the region.
304:, farmer, newspaper editor, and businessman. He later served in the
1008:
Autobiography of Rev. James B. Finley, or, Pioneer Life in the West
458:
309:
285:
896:
1688:
474:
297:
912:
852:
Memoirs from the 1992 Journal of the Virginia Annual Conference
488:
wrote a fictionalized account of the priest's last days titled
114:
110:
549:. Sangamon County Genealogical Society of Illinois. p. 8.
501:
of United Methodist seminary libraries. The United Library of
341:, Tennessee's radical newspaper publisher, noted book author,
1720:
697:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 1.
391:, since they were donated after his death by his son-in-law,
362:
1597:
1006:
Finley, James Bradley, 1781–1856 (W. P. Stricklkand, Ed.).
466:
1389:
National Association of Congregational Christian Churches
675:
Autobiography of Peter Cartwright the Backwoods Preacher.
1330:
Lumber River Conference of the Holiness Methodist Church
713:
A Biographical Directory of the Indiana General Assembly
402:
was a Catholic priest who ministered to ranchers in the
736:
Mince Pie: Adventures on the Sunny Side of Grub Street
598:
Google Books ebook scan of 1887 edition at archive.org
695:
Faith and Fury: Eli Farmer on the Frontier, 1794–1881
625:
New York: Carlton & Porter, 1851, p. 134; 160. (
854:. Virginia Conference of the United Methodist Church
820:
New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1917. Available at:
710:
276:
who is credited with having written a gospel hymn, "
642:. New York: Columbia University Press, 1980. p.380.
804:New York: Scribner's, 1878, 1902. Available at:
560:
558:
556:
113:met each year at "Annual Conference" where their
2247:
1381:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference
845:
1091:
909:"Louisiana Commission on Archives and History"
653:"To be United Methodist: What is "itineracy"?"
564:
553:
1613:
1322:Pentecostal Holiness Church of North Carolina
1077:
1029:Memoirs of the Life and Travels of B. Hibbard
764:Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture
235:
865:
802:The Circuit Rider: A Tale of the Heroic Age.
57:and related denominations, although similar
769:
692:
444:A circuit rider is also a character in the
264:Possibly the most famous circuit rider was
36:The Circuit Rider: A Tale of the Heroic Age
1620:
1606:
1084:
1070:
673:Cartwright, Peter (Ed. W. P. Strickland).
612:New York: Harper and Row, 1962, pp. 77–78.
1127:History of Methodism in the United States
1057:the diaries of circuit rider David Dailey
547:The Circuit Rider, Volumes 21-23 - Page 8
454:, set in western Wisconsin in the 1860s.
1770:Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament
1049:The Second Circuit Rider on the Soo Line
999:The Lights and Shadows of Itinerant Life
681:Cincinnati: Hitchcock and Walden, 1871.
610:Historical Atlas of Religion in America.
503:Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary
322:
173:
169:And loved and blessed them all in death.
148:Yet still they look with glistening eye,
72:
29:
1460:Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection
1452:Bible Methodist Connection of Tennessee
1258:African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
544:
308:(1843 to 1845) and as a self-appointed
14:
2248:
1794:Conditional preservation of the saints
1444:Bible Methodist Connection of Churches
1338:Kentucky Mountain Holiness Association
733:
215:; "local" preachers were not invited.
42:, depicting a Methodist circuit rider.
27:Itinerant preacher who serves a region
1804:Four sources of theological authority
1601:
1065:
836:New York: Simon & Schuster, 1935.
822:archive.org copy of Google Book ebook
781:Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate
520:, in the latter 1970s, the historian
300:frontier from 1825 to 1839, became a
1912:The Sunday Service of the Methodists
1491:Christian Methodist Episcopal Church
1266:Methodist Episcopal Church of Canada
997:Richardson, Simon Peter, 1818–1899.
848:"William B. Livermon Sr., 1916–1992"
507:Seabury-Western Theological Seminary
166:How spoke he with his latest breath,
1499:New Congregational Methodist Church
163:How strangers laid him in the tomb,
24:
1250:African Methodist Episcopal Church
957:
877:Texas State Historical Association
760:William Gannaway 'Parson' Brownlow
570:An Introduction to World Methodism
495:
157:How he, their prop and glory fell;
121:
25:
2267:
1472:Methodist Episcopal Church, South
1373:Congregational Christian Churches
679:Fifty Years as a Presiding Elder.
268:, who wrote two autobiographies.
160:How died he in a stranger’s room,
154:He comes the tale of woe to tell,
2256:Methodist ecclesiastical offices
2230:Ordination of women in Methodism
1854:Sanctification (growth in grace)
1579:
1578:
1020:Earnest Christianity Illustrated
526:A History of Louisiana Methodism
272:was an early circuit rider from
1483:Congregational Methodist Church
1298:Christ's Sanctified Holy Church
937:. centenary.edu. Archived from
927:
901:
890:
839:
826:
818:The Preacher of Cedar Mountain.
810:
794:
752:
727:
457:During the 1970s, prior to its
412:Immaculate Conception Cathedral
151:Till lo! a herald hastens nigh;
2117:Conservative holiness movement
1538:Reformed Free Methodist Church
686:
667:
645:
632:
615:
602:
586:
538:
13:
1:
1627:
1428:Fire-Baptized Holiness Church
711:Shepherd, Rebecca A. (1980).
531:
448:–winning novel for children,
421:
381:Ohio House of Representatives
328:Portrait of Governor Brownlow
1874:Baptism with the Holy Spirit
1763:Sermons on Several Occasions
1155:Lovely Lane Methodist Church
734:Morley, Christopher (1947).
389:Wisconsin Historical Society
339:William G. "Parson" Brownlow
7:
2225:Homosexuality and Methodism
2010:William Williams Pantycelyn
1799:Priesthood of all believers
1554:Evangelical Wesleyan Church
1436:Missionary Methodist Church
1354:Republican Methodist Church
1274:Methodist Protestant Church
1027:Hibbard, Billy, 1771–1844.
911:. iscuo.org. Archived from
440:Preacher of Cedar Mountain.
259:
213:Methodist Annual Conference
10:
2272:
2198:Methodist views on alcohol
1093:Methodist Episcopal Church
935:"Methodist Circuit Riders"
640:American Hymns Old and New
623:A Compendium of Methodism.
568:; White, Susan J. (2005).
294:Methodist Episcopal Church
292:, a circuit rider for the
236:Modern Methodist practices
218:
187:British Methodist churches
68:
55:Methodist Episcopal Church
2178:
2135:
2092:
1980:
1901:
1814:Substitutionary atonement
1779:
1711:
1702:
1644:
1635:
1572:
1525:
1515:Southern Methodist Church
1507:People's Methodist Church
1470:
1409:Wesleyan Methodist Church
1407:
1352:
1348:
1236:
1227:
1099:
738:. Library of Alexandria.
545:Hunsley, Jav. P. (1989).
18:Circuit rider (Religious)
2203:Methodist local preacher
1918:Covenant Renewal Service
1290:Church of God (Holiness)
846:Callis, Rita A. (1992).
816:Seton, Ernest Thompson.
766:. Retrieved: 5 May 2014.
627:Scan of the 1853 edition
2188:World Methodist Council
2122:Holiness Pentecostalism
1420:Church of Daniel's Band
1397:United Church of Christ
1314:Pilgrim Holiness Church
1242:Evangelical Association
1211:United Methodist Church
873:"Keralum, Pierre, Yves"
524:spearheaded a project,
490:The Devil in the Desert
404:Lower Rio Grande Valley
254:United Methodist Church
246:United Methodist Church
2060:Countess of Huntingdon
2020:Benjamin Titus Roberts
1819:Imparted righteousness
1546:United Holiness Church
1306:Church of the Nazarene
1204:Methodist Church (USA)
1190:Second Great Awakening
777:"KĂ©ralum, Pierre Yves"
608:Gaustad, Edwin Scott.
594:The Story of Methodism
377:Mount Carmel, Illinois
335:
81:
63:Second Great Awakening
43:
2005:John William Fletcher
1859:Sunday Sabbatarianism
1674:First Great Awakening
1638:List of denominations
1527:Free Methodist Church
1134:First Great Awakening
975:The life of the Rev.
518:Shreveport, Louisiana
479:Cobbs Creek, Virginia
465:, television station
436:Ernest Thompson Seton
367:Trinity County, Texas
357:The father of outlaw
326:
174:Bishop Francis Asbury
76:
33:
2235:Bishops in Methodism
1955:Brush arbour revival
1869:Second work of grace
1864:Christian perfection
1756:Articles of Religion
1657:in the United States
1365:Christian Connection
1169:Christmas Conference
1141:Articles of Religion
1037:Peterson, Daniel H.
832:Brink, Carol Ryrie.
693:Case, Riley (2018).
393:Charles H. Constable
352:Knoxville, Tennessee
302:Bloomington, Indiana
252:In the contemporary
2193:Saints in Methodism
2106:Fetter Lane Society
1780:Distinctive beliefs
1218:Mainline Protestant
1047:Zersen, Frederick.
977:Freeborn Garrettson
962:With the advent of
800:Eggleston, Edward.
400:Pierre Yves KĂ©ralum
91:Methodist Episcopal
59:itinerant preachers
2208:Itinerant preacher
2148:General Conference
1972:Watchnight service
1789:Assurance of faith
941:on October 3, 2010
566:Cracknell, Kenneth
511:Evanston, Illinois
463:Richmond, Virginia
416:Brownsville, Texas
387:collection at the
359:John Wesley Hardin
347:Reconstruction Era
343:American Civil War
336:
314:American Civil War
82:
65:revival movement.
44:
34:Illustration from
2243:
2242:
2153:Methodist Circuit
2112:Holiness movement
2055:George Whitefield
1897:
1896:
1809:Covenant theology
1694:Wesleyan theology
1595:
1594:
1568:
1567:
1564:
1563:
579:978-0-521-81849-0
432:The Circuit Rider
408:Cavalry of Christ
194:, the founder of
87:preaching circuit
16:(Redirected from
2263:
2035:Albert C. Outler
1844:Prevenient grace
1839:Outward holiness
1709:
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1162:Barratt's Chapel
1157:
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1143:
1136:
1129:
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1115:
1112:in North America
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1062:
986:Dyer, John Lewis
951:
950:
948:
946:
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915:on July 26, 2011
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869:
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843:
837:
834:Caddie Woodlawn.
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806:Google Book scan
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522:Walter M. Lowrey
428:Edward Eggleston
318:Booth Tarkington
278:Palms of Victory
270:John B. Matthias
266:Peter Cartwright
100:Richard Whatcoat
49:, also known as
40:Edward Eggleston
21:
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2180:
2179:Other relevant
2174:
2158:Pastoral charge
2131:
2102:Moravian Church
2094:
2088:
1976:
1928:Mourner's bench
1923:Revival service
1893:
1781:
1775:
1748:Apostles' Creed
1713:
1698:
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1505:
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1387:
1379:
1371:
1363:
1356:
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1328:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1282:Christian Union
1280:
1272:
1264:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1108:Anglican Church
1106:
1095:
1090:
960:
958:Further reading
955:
954:
944:
942:
933:
932:
928:
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907:
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746:
732:
728:
705:
691:
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658:
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651:
650:
646:
637:
633:
621:Porter, James.
620:
616:
607:
603:
591:
587:
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563:
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539:
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498:
496:Autobiographies
451:Caddie Woodlawn
424:
373:Thomas S. Hinde
262:
238:
221:
176:
124:
122:Rural locations
71:
51:horse preachers
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2269:
2259:
2258:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2143:Connexionalism
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2127:Evangelicalism
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2098:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2070:Richard Watson
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2045:Charles Wesley
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1995:Francis Asbury
1992:
1986:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1935:
1930:
1920:
1915:
1907:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1889:Works of mercy
1886:
1884:Works of piety
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
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1254:
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1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1197:Connexionalism
1193:
1186:
1183:Francis Asbury
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1035:
1025:
1018:, 1810?–1891.
1016:Caughey, James
1013:
1004:
995:
983:
959:
956:
953:
952:
926:
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889:
864:
838:
825:
809:
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751:
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703:
685:
666:
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614:
601:
585:
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530:
497:
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423:
420:
306:Indiana Senate
274:New York state
261:
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237:
234:
220:
217:
179:Francis Asbury
175:
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149:
123:
120:
96:Francis Asbury
70:
67:
47:Circuit riders
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2268:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2213:Circuit rider
2211:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2168:Penitent band
2166:
2165:
2164:
2163:Class meeting
2161:
2159:
2156:
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2110:
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2103:
2100:
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2097:
2091:
2085:
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2077:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Phoebe Palmer
2063:
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2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Howell Harris
2028:
2026:
2025:Walter Sellew
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:Richard Allen
1988:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1979:
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1968:
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1961:
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1877:
1875:
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1857:
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1850:
1849:Real presence
1847:
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1827:
1825:
1822:
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1800:
1797:
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1782:and practices
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1731:New Testament
1729:
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1726:Old Testament
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1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1684:Nonconformism
1682:
1680:
1677:
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1672:
1670:
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1662:
1658:
1655:
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1177:
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1148:Circuit rider
1145:
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1131:
1128:
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1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1003:
1000:
996:
994:
991:
988:, 1812–1901.
987:
984:
982:
979:
978:
972:
971:Bangs, Nathan
969:
968:
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940:
936:
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910:
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819:
813:
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797:
782:
778:
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761:
755:
747:
741:
737:
730:
722:
718:
714:
706:
704:9780871954299
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689:
683:
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670:
654:
648:
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624:
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611:
605:
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595:
589:
581:
575:
571:
567:
561:
559:
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548:
541:
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504:
493:
491:
487:
482:
480:
476:
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464:
460:
455:
453:
452:
447:
446:Newbery Award
442:
441:
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429:
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401:
396:
394:
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340:
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329:
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321:
319:
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299:
295:
291:
290:Eli P. Farmer
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
257:
255:
250:
247:
243:
233:
231:
226:
225:camp revivals
216:
214:
209:
205:
199:
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180:
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88:
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66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
37:
32:
19:
2212:
2136:Organization
2081:
2074:
2040:James Varick
2015:Orange Scott
1950:Tent revival
1938:Camp meeting
1910:
1879:Views on sin
1768:
1761:
1754:
1743:Nicene Creed
1583:
1147:
1054:
1048:
1038:
1028:
1019:
1007:
998:
989:
974:
964:Google Books
961:
943:. Retrieved
939:the original
929:
917:. Retrieved
913:the original
903:
892:
880:. Retrieved
876:
867:
856:. Retrieved
851:
841:
833:
828:
817:
812:
801:
796:
784:. Retrieved
780:
771:
763:
754:
735:
729:
712:
694:
688:
678:
674:
669:
659:February 10,
657:. Retrieved
647:
639:
634:
622:
617:
609:
604:
593:
592:Hyde, A. B.
588:
569:
546:
540:
525:
515:
499:
489:
483:
456:
449:
443:
439:
431:
425:
397:
385:Lyman Draper
371:
356:
337:
327:
263:
251:
241:
239:
230:Nathan Bangs
222:
207:
206:if we labor
203:
200:
177:
143:
139:denomination
125:
104:
83:
50:
46:
45:
35:
2083:Theologians
2050:John Wesley
2000:Thomas Coke
1679:Moravianism
1669:Arminianism
1664:Anglicanism
1229:Derivatives
1176:Thomas Coke
882:February 3,
786:February 2,
486:Paul Horgan
332:George Dury
312:during the
282:Wilbur Fisk
192:John Wesley
183:Black Harry
1960:Revivalist
1943:Tabernacle
1933:Altar call
1645:Background
858:2009-04-21
745:1465552669
709:See also:
532:References
422:In culture
242:itinerancy
136:Protestant
132:saddlebags
126:Riding on
79:log cabins
2095:movements
1967:Lovefeast
1834:Free will
1829:New birth
1824:Moral law
1714:standards
1712:Doctrinal
1629:Methodism
1120:Methodism
945:March 23,
919:March 23,
471:saddlebag
461:message,
196:Methodism
128:horseback
2250:Category
2093:Related
1704:Doctrine
1585:Category
492:(1952).
459:sign-off
310:chaplain
286:Kentucky
260:Examples
107:churches
2220:Steward
2076:Bishops
1903:Worship
1689:Pietism
1652:History
1100:History
1042:, 1854.
1031:, 1843
1022:, 1855.
1010:, 1856.
1001:, 1900
992:, 1890.
980:, 1845.
721:6263491
475:WRIC-TV
398:Father
298:Indiana
296:on the
288:native
219:Decline
115:bishops
111:Pastors
69:History
2181:topics
1982:People
1738:Creeds
1577:
1556:(1963)
1548:(1955)
1540:(1932)
1530:(1860)
1517:(1940)
1509:(1938)
1501:(1881)
1493:(1870)
1485:(1852)
1475:(1844)
1462:(1968)
1454:(1968)
1446:(1967)
1438:(1913)
1430:(1896)
1422:(1893)
1412:(1841)
1399:(1957)
1391:(1955)
1383:(1948)
1375:(1931)
1367:(1810)
1357:(1792)
1340:(1925)
1332:(1900)
1324:(1897)
1316:(1897)
1308:(1895)
1300:(1892)
1292:(1883)
1284:(1864)
1276:(1828)
1268:(1828)
1260:(1821)
1252:(1816)
1244:(1800)
1040:Africa
742:
719:
701:
655:. 2015
576:
1721:Bible
363:Texas
947:2011
921:2011
884:2019
788:2019
740:ISBN
717:OCLC
699:ISBN
661:2024
574:ISBN
505:and
467:WWBT
434:and
204:with
98:and
762:,"
438:'s
430:'s
414:in
330:by
280:."
208:for
38:by
2252::
1059:.
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875:.
850:.
779:.
555:^
395:.
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2104:(
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1110:(
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886:.
861:.
790:.
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748:.
723:.
707:.
663:.
629:)
582:.
509:(
345:-
334:.
85:"
20:)
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