404:
locomotive and one wagon managed to enter line 2; all but two of the other cars derailed. It seems that at least one of the wagons collided with some fuel tanks, triggering an explosion and a huge fire. The train burned in less than two hours. Yvonne
Blondel was rescued by two soldiers of the French military mission, who pulled her out of the train wreck exactly when her clothes were ablaze. Other passengers died in the fire or were killed by the impact of the derailment. Those traveling on the roofs of the wagons were either thrown under the train cars and crushed, or thrown into the snow. The same French survivor describes the scenes of the tragedy, including the emergence of looters, who robbed the travellers. Teams of rescuers arrived soon after – soldiers of the ammunition depot near the train station, railway workers, two companies of Romanian soldiers, and two companies of Russian soldiers. The survivors were transported to the
471:, Minister of Public Works, the prosecutor general, the prefect of Iași, but also security agents who began to question witnesses. By the morning, the news of the accident had spread throughout the city. Daylight revealed the magnitude of the tragedy: "Passing through Ciurea I looked the disaster: wagons crushed, burned and teams of workers drew more dead from under the wreck. Behind the station the dead were lined up in four rows ... several hundreds. With eyes removed, heads broken, arms detached, hands, legs, burned bodies. Women, officers, soldiers...". Another notes: "A whole string of wagons burnt, not even with their the metal skeletion, soaked like wax by the fire that consumed it... around the station everything seemed ruins and grave...".
400:", the compressed air brake system functioned only for the first two wagons, the valve being accidentally closed at the third wagon. The train derailed and collided with a locomotive standing on another line. The locomotive's speedometer needle was found stuck at 95 km/h (59 mph), — the probable speed of the train at the moment of the accident. A survivor commented: "I sensed perfectly how the train jumped off the rails like a monstrous reptile of iron and steel, pulling all its travelers to mutilation or on the great journey to beyond... I had the feeling that I was thrown into the bottom of a pit, a rain of objects sliding around my body... How long did this torment last? A few minutes, but to me it seemed interminable...".
417:
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109:
25:
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Over the next several days, provisional lists of names of the identified dead were announced. Rumours soon began to spread: there were discussions about fortunes destroyed in the fire or looted by thieves, the death toll was amplified, and famous names were fraudulently added to the lists of victims.
451:
6 January] 1917, it shows no trace of snow, although two distinct memoirs mention passengers surviving because they were thrown off the train into banks of snow. As such, this photo is not dated correctly. It is known that Ciurea was the site of several railway accidents during the early
376:
Travel conditions were terrible: the wagons, many of them boxcars, illuminated by gas lamps, were cold; the windows had no glass, instead having planks that could not keep out the cold air. Travellers sitting on the roofs of the wagons died from the cold temperatures. "To our horror, a man and a
474:
Hundreds of bodies were found among the twisted metal remnants of the train cars. The victims were laid out near the station and countless calls were made to people to help identify them. Very few of the bodies were ever identified. They were buried in mass graves on the field behind the Ciurea
403:
Receiving signals sent by the engineers of the stricken locomotives, Ciurea railway station employees activated a switch so that the train would enter line 2 and avoid collision with wagons filled with tar that were stopped on line 1. Because of the high speed and sharp angle, however, only the
384:
after heavy snowfall had blocked the line, despite the efforts of soldiers and railwaymen to clear it. The next day, on 12 January, the convoy continued towards Iași, traveling 120 km (75 mi). It reached Ciurea around one o'clock the next morning, when the accident occurred.
440:. Given the national crisis, few newspapers reported the accident. It is not very clear whether there was an investigation, or what its results may have been. Primary sources of information are limited to the testimony of survivors, memoirs, press, and
373:, and a French official, the Marquis de Belloy. The train quickly became overcrowded, and more cars were added as the train proceeded along its route, with the train sometimes waiting for hours as hundreds of travellers tried to find space.
313:. There was no formal investigation and the exact cause of the accident is unknown. The death toll is also uncertain, with most sources indicating between 800 and 1,000 deaths. With these estimates, the Ciurea rail disaster is the
1226:
377:
10-year-old boy were taken down frozen. Other shadows that were staggering, hardened by cold, recounted that, at some curves, many people – men and women – had been thrown off the train," Yvonne
Blondel wrote.
447:
Likewise, doubts have been cast on whether the photo of the accident circulated by the media was authentic and depicted the actual derailment at Ciurea. Taken, as stated, on 19 January [
878:
392:, the train reached Ciurea station, just a few kilometers from Iași. When the crew members tried to reduce speed, they realised that the brakes, despite having been checked at
1054:
1031:
526:
town hall near the train station in memory of the unidentified victims of the 1917 disaster. Next to the cross, the
Romanian Maritime Hydrographic Directorate installed a
314:
1085:"Tren rămas fără frâne, peste 1000 de morți. Povestea celei mai mari catastrofe feroviare din România. Misterul frânelor și greșeala fatală a unui pasager"
461:
1271:
1227:"Cum a reușit să întocmească Alexandru Cătuneanu prima hartă a litoralului: "Mergeau în brațe cu instrumentele fragile, hurducăiți de vreo căruță""
165:
424:
The lack of information on the accident is due primarily to the exceptional situation in which the
Romanian state found itself at the time. The
1185:
1017:
717:
362:
835:
63:
1468:
452:
twentieth century, with one known incident taking place in 1925. The photo may well have been taken on one of those other occasions.
1144:
1439:
1199:
1264:
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1550:
836:"Catastrofa de la Ciurea. Povestea celui mai grav accident feroviar din istoria României, soldat cu peste 1.000 de morți"
357:. They were joined on the train by students and soldiers on leave. As well as Romanians, the train's passengers included
856:
1674:
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318:
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In German-occupied
Muntenia, a memoirist wrote about reports of the accident, noting with malicious joy "the death of
86:
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369:, a former Minister of Finance, Yvonne Blondel, daughter of a former French ambassador to Bucharest, geographer
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1311:
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135:
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1486:
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1055:"100 de ani de la tragedia feroviară de la Ciurea. TVR Iași a organizat o ceremonie în memoria victimelor"
879:"Cea mai mare catastrofă din istoria Căilor Ferate Române: Accidentul de la Ciurea din 1/13 ianuarie 1917"
1416:
1352:
1032:"Catastrofa de la Ciurea, cel mai grav accident feroviar din România. Aproape 1.000 de suflete au pierit"
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and its locomotive had been hit by bombs and had to be replaced. The train included residents of
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59:
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349:, who felt threatened by German bombs falling in nearby Galați, as well as the occupation of
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29 December 1916]. It was running several hours late as the station had been bombed by
1603:
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527:
479:
466:
437:
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68:
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8:
1375:
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Her father, Camille
Blondel (1854–1935) was ambassador to Romania between 1907 and 1916.
478:
Among the dead were lieutenant Vasile
Cantacuzino, son of eminent jurist and politician
342:
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1011:
711:
425:
200:
393:
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1089:
622:
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282:
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491:
487:
370:
1249:
441:
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366:
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460:
In the first hours after the accident, several officials arrived at the scene –
482:, and commander Alexandru Cătuneanu, author of the first navigation map of the
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53:
298:
118:
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515:
180:
167:
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302:
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937:
Catastrofe, atentate și sabotaje la căile ferate din România (1860–1980)
840:
389:
483:
432:, and the government, the military, and most citizens took refuge in
40:
438:
Muntenia, including its capital
Bucharest, and Dobruja were occupied
381:
350:
330:
310:
210:
346:
108:
274:
1145:"Savantul George Vâlsan, primul doctor în geografie din România"
334:
329:
Train E-1, nicknamed "The
Courier", consisting of 26 cars, left
306:
214:
153:
1006:. Clipe grele. Amintiri din războiu. Craiova. pp. 176–177.
523:
294:
148:
114:
34:
615:
Engines of War: How Wars Were Won & Lost on the
Railways
475:
station, for the victims identified by then – 374 people.
396:
station, were not functioning. According to the newspaper "
46:
506:(Minister of Justice), Costinescu (Minister of Finance)".
315:
second worst rail accident in world history by death toll
1469:
St. Croix, New Brunswick, Canada / Vanceboro, Maine, US
490:
was injured in the accident, and so was the geographer
1200:"100 de ani de la Catastrofa feroviară de la Ciurea"
1169:
923:. Bucharest: Institutul Cultural Român. p. 361.
651:
Nicolae Dunăreanu (16 September 1928). "La Ciurea".
579:. Bucharest: Editura Sport-Turism. pp. 151–152.
1279:
1206:(in Romanian). Ciurea town hall. January 18, 2017
650:
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854:
701:
612:
574:
1001:
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918:
908:. Bucharest: Editura Ion Creangă. p. 141.
903:
1265:
1224:
1172:707 zile subt cultura pumnului de fier german
1082:
986:
704:Însemnări din pribegia războiului. 1916-1918
444:publications that have addressed the issue.
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870:
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827:
1272:
1258:
1184:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1016:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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716:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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361:officers and soldiers, and members of the
107:
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
867:
857:"Să ne amintim: Catastrofa de la Ciurea"
824:
596:"Povestea Catastrofei de la Ciurea-Iași"
415:
365:. Among the best-known travellers were
289:), occurred on 13 January 1917, during
1667:
1078:
1076:
1049:
1047:
933:
855:Laurențiu Dologa (15 September 2010).
411:
1318:Rogers Pass, British Columbia, Canada
1253:
590:
588:
586:
1336:Aisgill summit, Westmorland, England
834:Cezar Pădurariu (21 December 2013).
613:Christian Wolmar (1 November 2011).
568:
548:Lawson Billinton: A Career Cut Short
58:, as they are easily broken. Please
18:
1399:Guyandotte River, West Virginia, US
1083:Andrei Pospai (December 29, 2018).
1073:
1044:
530:for commander Alexandru Cătuneanu.
408:, where they were given first aid.
305:, located on the railway line from
13:
1434:Exeter, New South Wales, Australia
583:
319:2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck
14:
1711:
1551:Saint-Michel-de-Maurienne, France
1225:Mariana Iancu (January 4, 2019).
337:on Friday, 11 January 1917 [
1650:
1645:
1112:"Ibidem" (3). 4 January 1917: 2.
767:"Ibidem" (4). 5 January 1917: 1.
152:10 km (6.2 mi) S from
23:
1417:Ais Gill, Westmoreland, England
1218:
1192:
1163:
1151:(in Romanian). February 2, 2012
1137:
1105:
1024:
995:
980:
944:
927:
912:
897:
848:
792:
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420:Purported wreckage of the train
380:The train stopped overnight in
324:
1574:Little Salkeld, United Kingdom
1280:Railway accidents in the 1910s
724:
695:
663:
644:
635:
606:
539:
1:
1170:Virgiliu Drăghiceanu (1920).
533:
72:), or an abbreviated title.
1557:Shepherdsville, Kentucky, US
577:Epopeea feroviară românească
509:
455:
16:1917 Romanian fatal incident
7:
546:Klaus Marx (18 June 2007).
10:
1716:
1487:St Bedes Junction, England
1312:Wellington, Washington, US
1675:Railway accidents in 1917
1640:
1613:
1566:
1519:
1504:Boston, Massachusetts, US
1496:
1449:
1426:
1391:
1368:
1345:
1292:
1285:
940:(in Romanian). p. 8.
702:Petre Grigorescu (1929).
575:Constantin Botez (1977).
301:, a train station with a
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251:
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238:
230:
220:
206:
196:
159:
144:
130:
125:
106:
101:
1382:Ditton Junction, England
1174:. Bucharest. p. 49.
1002:I. P. Țuculescu (1930).
735:(1–2). 16 June 1923: 23.
706:. Constanța. p. 20.
1680:Runaway train disasters
1586:Nashville, Tennessee US
1539:Houten, the Netherlands
1359:Indianola, Nebraska, US
955:(1). 1 January 1917: 2.
919:Yvonne Blondel (2005).
904:Daia Alexandru (1981).
388:After the last stop at
363:French military mission
287:Catastrofa de la Ciurea
138:31 December 1916]
62:by replacing them with
54:Knowledge's style guide
1695:Derailments in Romania
1604:Brooklyn, New York, US
1475:Quintinshill, Scotland
1330:Novato, California, US
1324:Spring Creek, Iowa, US
1306:Nairn, Ontario, Canada
1125:Cite journal requires
968:Cite journal requires
812:Cite journal requires
780:Cite journal requires
748:Cite journal requires
683:Cite journal requires
421:
286:
134:13 January 1917 [
1376:Corning, New York, US
522:) was erected by the
419:
181:46.88806°N 27.18667°E
1580:Hammond, Indiana, US
1510:Herceghalom, Hungary
1440:Carrbridge, Scotland
528:commemorative plaque
480:Matei B. Cantacuzino
428:was at war with the
406:Iași railway station
271:Ciurea rail disaster
102:Ciurea rail disaster
60:improve this article
1700:January 1917 events
1527:Edinburgh, Scotland
1463:Guadalajara, Mexico
1204:www.comunaciurea.ro
987:Nicolae Dunăreanu.
731:"Arhiva C. F. R.".
514:In January 2017, a
412:Lack of information
177: /
117:within present-day
32:Constructs such as
1621:Vigerslev, Denmark
1592:Weesp, Netherlands
1353:Hopkinstown, Wales
1061:. January 15, 2017
426:Kingdom of Romania
422:
279:Ciurea catastrophe
201:Kingdom of Romania
186:46.88806; 27.18667
1662:
1661:
1636:
1635:
1411:Bramming, Denmark
1405:Chumhill, England
1286:Location and date
1090:Evenimentul Zilei
552:The Oakwood Press
462:Dimitrie Greceanu
293:. It occurred at
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1040:. 29 March 2012.
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921:Jurnal de război
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877:Dorin Stănescu.
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486:. The historian
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343:German airplanes
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64:named references
27:
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1690:1917 in Romania
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1533:Ciurea, Romania
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1481:Weedon, England
1457:Ilford, England
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1149:Jurnal de Argeș
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1057:(in Romanian).
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602:. 3 April 2013.
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367:Emil Costinescu
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52:discouraged by
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1594:(13 September)
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1547:(24 September)
1545:Devon, England
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1384:(17 September)
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991:. p. 124.
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906:Eroi la 16 ani
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844:(in Romanian).
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814:|journal=
799:"Ibidem": 359.
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782:|journal=
759:
750:|journal=
723:
694:
685:|journal=
670:"Ibidem": 352.
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653:Arhiva C. F. R
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628:978-1610390569
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600:Bună Ziua Iași
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1239:December 13,
1237:. Retrieved
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951:"Mișcarea".
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1302:(1 January)
504:Cantacuzino
465: [
355:German Army
299:Iași County
291:World War I
273:, known in
184: /
160:Coordinates
119:Iași County
69:quick guide
1669:Categories
1436:(13 March)
1332:(8 August)
1326:(21 March)
534:References
247:Statistics
234:Derailment
172:27°11′12″E
169:46°53′17″N
1582:(22 June)
1442:(18 June)
1413:(26 July)
1320:(4 March)
1314:(1 March)
1180:cite book
1012:cite book
1004:La Ciurea
989:La Ciurea
861:Ziare.com
712:cite book
659:(8): 123.
510:Memorials
484:Black Sea
456:Aftermath
263:800–1,000
77:July 2021
41:loc. cit.
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1541:(7 June)
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1378:(4 July)
1361:(29 May)
1232:Adevărul
1037:Antena 3
883:Historia
841:Adevărul
442:interwar
436:, while
434:Moldavia
398:Mișcarea
347:Muntenia
283:Romanian
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145:Location
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390:Bârnova
359:Russian
353:by the
277:as the
275:Romania
197:Country
126:Details
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520:troiță
382:Bârlad
351:Brăila
331:Galați
311:Bârlad
260:Deaths
252:Trains
211:Bârlad
140:1 a.m.
115:Ciurea
1656:1920s
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297:, in
239:Cause
35:ibid.
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1567:1918
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1427:1914
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1369:1912
1346:1911
1293:1910
1241:2021
1212:2021
1186:link
1157:2021
1131:help
1099:2021
1067:2021
1018:link
974:help
891:2021
818:help
786:help
754:help
718:link
689:help
623:ISBN
556:ISBN
449:O.S.
339:O.S.
335:Iași
333:for
307:Iași
269:The
215:Iași
207:Line
154:Iași
136:O.S.
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50:are
47:idem
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225:CFR
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