83:
that they only ever have enough food to feed one himself, and the scraps going to her plate. Eventually they arrive at a big city, where Perus claims he cannot enter for the city has an open warrant for his capture. He sends her in to the city to beg for coin. For three days she attempts to do so with no success, but eventually comes across a temple, where she sees Klárus in his true person. Klárus takes notice of her, and pities her, giving her plenty to drink and eat. She brings this back to Perus, who insults her and takes all for himself, sending her back to beg. This repeats for three days, until Klárus invites her to his own chamber where he dresses her in fine clothing, gives her a feast to mend her sorrows. Serena is greeted by her maids, and Klárus tells her of the deception. She accepts his plea of apology, and they go back to Saxony where they lived happily ever after.
75:
of
Ethiopia. Serena invites this king to a feast as before, and is adamant that she will have the grand tents. Eskelvarð says that the tents are not for sale, except if she is willing to buy them with her affection. She agrees, and later the night Eskelvarð arrives at her chambers. Serena offers Eskelvarð a drink, and drinks from the same pitcher beforehand. Once Eskelvarð takes his drink a deep sleep falls upon him: where Serena orders him to be dragged from the bed, flogged until bare, and left on the floor. Eskelvarð returns to his men ashamed and humiliated the next morning. Serena however still longs for the richness and grandeur of the tents, and asks Eskelvarð to a feast a few days later, which ends the same way with Eskelvarð whipped and humiliated.
67:
and deceits. Klárus does not listen however, and travels to France with his troops. Klárus presents himself to the king of France, and is welcomed as a guest of honor. After sending her maid down to examine Klárus, Serena invites him and his troops to a feast in her tower, and he brings along sixty men. The feast is most marvelous, and Serena acts most lovingly towards her guests. However, as the evening passes she grows more and more tired of his manners and fixation on getting her hand in marriage. She offers him the blade of a jewel encrusted knife, but at the last moment as he is prone to accept it slices it downwards, so that it cuts his tunic and streaks his chest, and mocks him for the scums and barbarians he brought to her chamber.
98:, that Bishop Jón is using the romance genre as an elaborate exemplum to promote his uncompromising views on the responsible behaviors of wives towards their husbands'. This aspect of the saga was, however, less influential on its successors than its bridal-quest plot. The saga is noted for its Latinate style (traditionally attributed to the putative Latin original but, according to Hughes and Kalinke, more likely simply a mark of learned Icelandic prose-style) and for heavy linguistic influence from
242:
Marianne
Kalinke, Bridal-Quest Romance in Medieval Iceland, Islandica 46 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990), pp. 98–107; Shaun F. D. Hughes, 'Klári saga as an Indigenous Romance', in Romance and Love in Late Medieval and Early Modern Iceland, ed. by Kirsten Wolf and Johanna Denzin, Islandica 54
74:
Once Klárus and Perus along with the royal troops arrive in France, they pitch the three grand tents. Serena sends her maid to ask who arrives with such grandeur and display of wealth and riches, and if the grand tents would be able to be sold or gifted to her. The maid returns saying it is
Eskelvarð
82:
Serena sleeps, and awakes in an unfamiliar, poor looking tent next to an unknown man, revealed to be Perus in disguise. Perus claims that she had sold her virginity to him, and that he is the true
Eskelvarð, a poor vagabond. For the next 12 months the two of them travel in depravity, him making sure
70:
Humiliated, Klárus returns to Saxony and threatens to execute Perus unless he helps him seek revenge on Serena. Perus reluctantly agrees, but insists that in order to do so he needs full control of the Saxon kingdom for three years. He is granted the power, and using the resources builds three grand
78:
At the third invitation Perus asks the maid not to offer
Eskelvarð the sleep medication, and the maid tells them that the drinks that Serena drinks and Eskelvarð drinks are separated by a small compartment in the pitcher. Perus asks that the medication be thinned out so as not to awaken suspicion,
66:
The protagonist of the story, Prince Klárus of Saxony, is told of the fair princess Serena of France by his mentor, Perus. Smitten by the description, Klárus asks leave to travel to France and ask the hand of Serena. Perus initially advises Klárus to rethink his proposal, as Serena is prone tricks
86:
The epilogue goes on to explain the deception, that once they had wed in France Klárus had traveled back to Saxony, but Perus and Serena were left as vagabonds to test the conviction and strength of Serena. Having shown that she is willing to follow her husband even through poverty and hardship
79:
but so that
Eskelvarð does not sleep as long or deep. This comes to pass, and mid-night Eskelvarð wakes up on the floor, and joins Serena in her bed, sleeping with her. This leads to her submitting to him, and she agreeing to marry him and leaving France to join him.
71:
tents, each more beautiful and decadent than the last. At the end of the third year Perus instructs Klárus that they shall return to France, but that he must go disguised and under the name of
Eskelvarð, king of Ethiopia, with the aim to ask for Serena's hand.
256:
Paul Bibire, 'From
Riddarasaga to Lygisaga: The Norse Response to Romance', in Les Sagas de Chevaliers (Riddarasögur): Actes de la Ve Conférence Internationale sur les Sagas Présentés par Régis Boyer (Toulon. Juillet 1982), ed. by
289:
as an
Indigenous Romance', in Romance and Love in Late Medieval and Early Modern Iceland, ed. by Kirsten Wolf and Johanna Denzin, Islandica 54 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Library, 2008), pp. 135-164, at p. 158, available at
307:
as an
Indigenous Romance', in Romance and Love in Late Medieval and Early Modern Iceland, ed. by Kirsten Wolf and Johanna Denzin, Islandica 54 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Library, 2008), pp. 135-164, available at
847:
461:
805:
854:
812:
819:
346:
752:
731:
668:
840:
826:
724:
405:
717:
833:
875:
798:
426:
868:
738:
45:
570:
312:; cf. Marianne Kalinke, 'Clári saga: A Case of Low German Infiltration', Scripta Islandica: Isländska sällskapets ärbok, 59 (2008), 5-25.
309:
291:
244:
353:
48:
medieval Icelandic bridal-quest romances: it seems to have been the earliest of these, and was followed by many more. These include
211:
640:
626:
489:
419:
703:
958:
948:
675:
87:
knowing her true rank, she is rewarded her character and became the queen of Saxony, ruler and loyal wife.
261:, Serie Civilisations, 10 (Toulon: Presses de l’Université Paris-Sorbonne, 1985), pp. 55-74, at pp. 67, 70.
384:
17:
696:
598:
310:
http://cip.cornell.edu/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=cul.isl/1242914143
292:
http://cip.cornell.edu/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=cul.isl/1242914143
245:
http://cip.cornell.edu/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=cul.isl/1242914143
177:
Private Collection, Iceland: Boðvar Kvaran, Tjaldanes, MS. V, 8.b (1914), "Fornmannasogur Nordurlanda"
549:
759:
745:
943:
339:
197:. Reykjavík, Bjarni Bjarnarson. (Based on an eighteenth-century manuscript, giving a late version.)
710:
689:
661:
591:
207:. Edited by Bjarni Vilhjálmsson. Íslendingasagnaútgáfan & Haukdalsútgáfan. Reykjavík. 1954.
41:
861:
766:
454:
791:
37:
605:
8:
912:
633:
556:
528:
440:
897:
682:
90:
While a romance, the saga, at least in its early versions, also positions itself as an
521:
496:
892:
917:
907:
902:
377:
362:
220:
33:
647:
542:
535:
482:
447:
953:
468:
225:. Halle A. S., Verlag von Max Niemeyer. (A normalised edition of the previous.)
398:
258:
937:
612:
433:
577:
514:
475:
216:. Lund, C.W.K. Gleerup. (A diplomatic edition based on the earliest texts.)
275:. Reykjavík: Íslendingasagnaútgáfan & Haukadalsútgáfan. pp. 3–62.
654:
563:
50:
94:. In the words of Shaun F. D. Hughes, 'It is clear from the epilogue to
922:
584:
391:
99:
174:
Héraðsskjalasafn Skagfirðinga, Sauðárkrókur: HSk 32, 8° (late 19th c.)
412:
325:, Islandica, 44 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1985), pp. 72-73.
91:
331:
110:
Kalinke and Mitchell list the following manuscripts of the saga:
243:(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Library, 2008), pp. 135-164, at
784:
183:
Royal Library, Stockholm: Papp. 4:o nr 13 (ca. 1670), defective
36:
of medieval Norway. Ostensibly derived from a Latin poem which
180:
Royal Library, Stockholm: Perg. 4:o nr 6 (ca. 1400), defective
222:
Altnordische Saga-Bibliothek : Heft 12 : Clári saga
935:
44:, found in France, it became a prototype of the
132:AM 657a-b, 4° (late 14th c), vellum, defective
123:AM 567, 4° IX (early 16th c), vellum, 3 leaves
54:, which is thought to be a direct response to
347:
848:Sagan af Reimari keisara og Fal hinum sterka
323:Bibliography of Old Norse–Icelandic Romances
270:
354:
340:
138:The British Library Add. 4870,4° (18th c.)
321:Marianne E. Kalinke and P. M. Mitchell,
14:
936:
335:
61:
126:AM 589c, 4° (15th c), vellum, 1 leaf
361:
24:
25:
970:
641:Melkólfs saga ok Solomons konungs
462:Parcevals saga and Valvens þáttr
806:Sagan af Bernótus Borneyjarkappa
571:Flóres saga konungs ok sona hans
213:Clarus saga : Clari fabella
114:AM 179, fol. (17th c), defective
315:
297:
279:
264:
250:
236:
105:
13:
1:
820:Sagan af Ketlerus keisaraefni
271:Vilhjálmsson, Bjarni (1954).
229:
219:Cederschiöld, Gustaf (1907).
210:Cederschiöld, Gustaf (1879).
855:Sagan af Rígabal og Alkanusi
195:Sagan af Klarusi keisarasyni
159:Lbs 2315, 8° (ca. 1780-1819)
129:AM 589d, 4° (15th c), vellum
7:
704:Sigrgarðs saga ok Valbrands
187:
10:
975:
676:Rémundar saga keisarasonar
599:Jarlmanns saga ok Hermanns
885:
813:Sagan af Hinriki heilráða
776:
732:Tristrams saga ok Ísoddar
627:Konráðs saga keisarasonar
506:
490:Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar
420:Flóres saga ok Blankiflúr
369:
841:Sagan af Natoni persíska
168:JS 636, 4° (17th-19th c)
144:Lbs 1491, 4° (1880-1905)
117:AM 181e, fol. (ca. 1650)
834:Sagan af Marroni sterka
690:Saulus saga ok Nikanors
162:Lbs 2484, 8° (ca. 1852)
147:Lbs 1637, 4° (ca. 1780)
141:Lbs 222, fol. (1695-98)
760:Vilmundar saga viðutan
746:Viktors saga ok Blávus
592:Hrings saga ok Tryggva
406:Elis saga ok Rósamundu
385:Amícus saga ok Amilíus
303:Shaun F. D. Hughes, '
165:Lbs 2956, 8° (1858-64)
150:Lbs 2319, 4° (1727-29)
862:Sarpidons saga sterka
718:Sigurðar saga turnara
697:Sigrgarðs saga frœkna
507:Original compositions
455:Pamphilus ok Galathea
959:Old Norse literature
949:Icelandic literature
753:Vilhjálms saga sjóðs
662:Nikulás saga leikara
550:Dínus saga drambláta
120:AM 395, fol. (18thc)
913:Sagas of Icelanders
876:Úlfs saga Uggasonar
827:Sagan af Mána fróða
799:Jasonar saga bjarta
777:Post-medieval sagas
725:Sigurðar saga þögla
156:Lbs 4489, 4° (1885)
898:Contemporary sagas
711:Sigurðar saga fóts
683:Samsons saga fagra
153:Lbs 3021,4° (1877)
62:Content and themes
42:Bishop of Skálholt
931:
930:
886:Other saga genres
606:Jóns saga leikara
171:IB 138, 4° (1774)
135:Rask 31 (18th c.)
16:(Redirected from
966:
767:Þjalar-Jóns saga
634:Mágus saga jarls
557:Drauma-Jóns saga
529:Blómstrvallasaga
497:Trójumanna saga
441:Karlamagnús saga
378:Alexanders saga
370:Translated sagas
356:
349:
342:
333:
332:
326:
319:
313:
301:
295:
283:
277:
276:
268:
262:
254:
248:
240:
21:
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
965:
964:
963:
944:Chivalric sagas
934:
933:
932:
927:
908:Legendary sagas
881:
792:Fimmbræðra saga
772:
522:Ála flekks saga
502:
365:
363:Chivalric sagas
360:
330:
329:
320:
316:
302:
298:
284:
280:
269:
265:
255:
251:
241:
237:
232:
190:
108:
64:
38:Jón Halldórsson
34:chivalric sagas
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
972:
962:
961:
956:
951:
946:
929:
928:
926:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
893:Bishops' sagas
889:
887:
883:
882:
880:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
830:
823:
816:
809:
802:
795:
788:
780:
778:
774:
773:
771:
770:
763:
756:
749:
742:
739:Valdimars saga
735:
728:
721:
714:
707:
700:
693:
686:
679:
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
539:
532:
525:
518:
510:
508:
504:
503:
501:
500:
493:
486:
479:
472:
469:Partalopa saga
465:
458:
451:
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437:
430:
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416:
409:
402:
395:
388:
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63:
60:
32:is one of the
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
971:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
924:
921:
919:
918:Saints' sagas
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
890:
888:
884:
878:
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864:
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843:
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836:
835:
831:
829:
828:
824:
822:
821:
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815:
814:
810:
808:
807:
803:
801:
800:
796:
794:
793:
789:
787:
786:
782:
781:
779:
775:
769:
768:
764:
762:
761:
757:
755:
754:
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748:
747:
743:
741:
740:
736:
734:
733:
729:
727:
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720:
719:
715:
713:
712:
708:
706:
705:
701:
699:
698:
694:
692:
691:
687:
685:
684:
680:
678:
677:
673:
671:
670:
669:Reinalds saga
666:
664:
663:
659:
657:
656:
652:
650:
649:
645:
643:
642:
638:
636:
635:
631:
629:
628:
624:
622:
621:
617:
615:
614:
613:Kirialax saga
610:
608:
607:
603:
601:
600:
596:
594:
593:
589:
587:
586:
582:
580:
579:
575:
573:
572:
568:
566:
565:
561:
559:
558:
554:
552:
551:
547:
545:
544:
540:
538:
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531:
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517:
516:
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466:
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459:
457:
456:
452:
450:
449:
445:
443:
442:
438:
436:
435:
431:
429:
428:
427:Flóvents saga
424:
422:
421:
417:
415:
414:
410:
408:
407:
403:
401:
400:
396:
394:
393:
389:
387:
386:
382:
380:
379:
375:
374:
372:
368:
364:
357:
352:
350:
345:
343:
338:
337:
334:
324:
318:
311:
306:
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288:
282:
274:
267:
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246:
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224:
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218:
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209:
206:
203:, appears in
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93:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
59:
57:
53:
52:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
30:
19:
903:Kings' sagas
874:
869:Úlfhams saga
867:
860:
853:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
811:
804:
797:
790:
785:Ambales saga
783:
765:
758:
751:
744:
737:
730:
723:
716:
709:
702:
695:
688:
681:
674:
667:
660:
653:
648:Mírmans saga
646:
639:
632:
625:
619:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
578:Gibbons saga
576:
569:
562:
555:
548:
543:Dámusta saga
541:
536:Bærings saga
534:
527:
520:
515:Adonias saga
513:
495:
488:
483:Tiódels saga
481:
476:Strengleikar
474:
467:
460:
453:
448:Möttuls saga
446:
439:
432:
425:
418:
411:
404:
397:
390:
383:
376:
322:
317:
304:
299:
286:
281:
273:Riddarasögur
272:
266:
252:
238:
221:
212:
205:Riddarasögur
204:
200:
194:
109:
95:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
55:
49:
28:
27:
26:
923:Short tales
655:Nítíða saga
564:Ectors saga
399:Breta sögur
259:Régis Boyer
106:Manuscripts
51:Nitida saga
46:maiden king
18:Clarus saga
938:Categories
620:Klári saga
585:Grega saga
434:Ívens saga
392:Bevis saga
305:Klári saga
287:Klári saga
230:References
201:Clari Saga
100:Low German
96:Klári saga
56:Klári saga
29:Klári saga
413:Erex saga
188:Editions
92:exemplum
193:(1884)
954:Sagas
940::
285:'
102:.
58:.
40:,
355:e
348:t
341:v
294:.
247:.
20:)
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