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1589:: CyHV-3, sometimes referred to as KHV) a biological control agent could significantly reduce the number of carp. The combination of a biological control mechanism, and an improved environmental flow regime may impact the likelihood of a positive future for native fish, although there is still ongoing debates. European carp are considered a pest species and highly prevalent at Clayton Bay. Carp if caught must not be returned to it to the water, be destroyed and disposed of.
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454:. Waters around the area are classified as either 'protected' and 'semi-protected' waters by the South Australian Government. Appropriate safety equipment according to those classifications is required under legislation for all boating activities. Anyone aboard a motorised boat less than 4.8 metres long must wear a life jacket of all times, and children aged 12 or younger must do so in open areas of boats up to 12 metres in length.
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516:, and tributaries, up to +0.85m AHD. Where unalienated crown land, DEWNR reserve or crown land under licence exists adjacent to the waters edge the boundary has been extended to include this cadastral parcel. The site excludes all privately owned fringing wetlands around the edge of the lakes except for land subject to inundation in Clayton Bay, Marshall Bight and Tookayerta Creek.
2051:"2013 Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS). Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Coorong, and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert Wetland"
1375:. Large scale engineering interventions were undertaken to prevent further acidification, including constructions at Clayton Bay and pumping of water to prevent exposure and acidification of Lake Albert. Management of acidification in the Lower Lakes was also undertaken using aerial limestone dosing. The South Australian government erected a
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Claim on 14 December 2017. The determination granted the
Ngarrindjeri people rights including the right to access and move around the Native Title Land, hunt, fish and gather, share and exchange, use Natural Water Resources, cook and light fires for ceremonial purposes, engage in cultural activities
1212:
Our Lands, Our Waters, Our People, All Living Things are connected. We implore people to respect our Ruwe (Country) as it was created in the
Kaldowinyeri (the Creation). We long for sparkling, clean waters, healthy land and people and all living things. We long for the Yarluwar-Ruwe (Sea Country) of
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respectively. The low water levels and inflows meant there was no outflow from the lake system during the extreme low flow period. During this period the lake levels fell below mean sea level (approximately +0.2 m AHD) downstream of the barrages, reversing the usual positive hydraulic gradient from
2152:
Mason, K & Hillyard, K (2011) Southern Bell Frog (L. raniformis) monitoring in the Lower Lakes. Goolwa River Murray
Channel, tributaries of Currency Creek and Finniss River and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert. Report to Department for Environment and Natural Resources. The South Australian Murray
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to assume command of the expedition that eventually turned itself into the famous Murray River Voyage. On 26 December 1829, his team assembled a 25-foot whaleboat and built a log skiff for carrying stores and only two oars. This work was supervised by a carpenter, named Mr
Clayton. The boat party
2096:
Paton, D (1997) Bird ecology in the
Coorong and Lower lakes region, in River Murray Barrages Environmental Flows: An evaluation of environmental flow needs in the Lower Lakes and Coorong, pp 106- 109. Jensen, A., Good, M., Tucker, P. & Long, M. (eds). Report to the Murray-Darling Basin
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in the 1920s pose a major threat. An invasive widespread fish species, they are highly adaptable and have biological features that allow populations to increase rapidly. Carp contribute to environmental degradation through reduction in water quality, river bank damage and may contribute to
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arose from very low flows to the Lower Murray (over Lock 1) resulting in the lowest water levels in over 90 years of records. The lowest water levels during the extreme low flow period were reached in April 2009, and represented a 64% and 73% reduction in the volume of
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made an agreement with the
Ngarrindjeri Nation. The agreement included a series of commitments to work together and offers an expression of sorrow and apology to the Ngarrindjeri peoples. It is known as the Kungun Ngarrindjeri Yunnan (KNY) Agreement.
2189:
Bice, C (2009) Literature review of the ecology of fishes of the Lower Murray, Lower Lakes and
Coorong. Report the South Australian Department for Environment and Heritage. South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences),
1294:
In 1830 the first exploratory expedition reached the
Ngarrindjeri lands and Sturt and crew noted Ngarrindjeri were already familiar with firearms. Ngarrindjeri told them that the ocean was nearby and Sturt sailed into a lake which Sturt named
2902:
Mosley LM, Palmer D, Leyden E, Fitzpatrick R, and Shand P (2014). Changes in acidity and metal geochemistry in soils, groundwater, drain and river water in the Lower Murray after a severe drought. Science of the Total
Environment 485–486:
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Paton, D & Bailey, C (2010) Condition monitoring of the Lower Lakes, Coorong and Murray Mouth Icon Site: Waterbirds using the
Coorong and Murray Mouth estuary in 2010. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of
3292:
Kopf, R. K., Boutier, M., Finlayson, C. M., Hodges, K., Humphries, P., King, A., ... & Vanderplasschen, A. (2019). Biocontrol in Australia: Can a carp herpesvirus (CyHV-3) deliver safe and effective ecological restoration?.
3347:
2077:"Register of the National Estate (Non-statutory archive), Tolderol Game Reserve, Langhorne Creek, SA, Australia". Commonwealth of Australia (C of A), Department of the Environment. 21 October 1980. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
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Wetlands in Clayton Bay and surrounds are nesting and breeding grounds for a large variety of migratory birds. Under RAMSAR criteria the wetlands supports one or more percent of the population of the following species:
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and a few dwellings were established. In 1969, the Clayton subdivision was established and other developments north of Alexandrina Drive, were developed between 1985 and 2009 creating the current town. A well-known
1128:, (which affords an outstanding sites for investigating "pre–European contact Aboriginal burial populations in Australia,") have revealed that the traditional lands of the Ngarrindjeri have been inhabited since the
2086:
O’Connor, J, Rogers, D & Pisanu, P (2012) Monitoring the Ramsar Status of the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth: a case study using birds. South Australian Department of Environment and Natural Resources,
2023:
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sites, prevent inappropriate developments and activities and preserve and rehabilitate the environment, increase wetland areas, maintain and work to increase water flows along the catchment and increase
2849:
Mosley, LM; Zammit, B; Leyden, E; Heneker, TM; Hipsey, MR; Skinner, D; Aldridge, KT (2012). "The Impact of Extreme Low Flows on the Water Quality of the Lower Murray River and Lakes (South Australia)".
2591:
1780:"Search result for "Clayton Bay, LOCB" with the following datasets selected - "Suburbs and Localities", "Counties", "Government Towns", "Local Government Areas", "SA Government Regions" and "Gazetteer""
2726:
Two expeditions into the interior of Southern Australia, during the years 1828, 1829, 1830, and 1831: with observations on the soil, climate, and general resources of the colony of New South Wales
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on the water. Each of the compass points names a key location in the direction and their distances from Clayton Bay, and from the platform there are views of Lake Alexandrina and the Lower Lakes.
1208:
In 2007, the Ngarrindjeri Nation launched the Ngarrindjeri Nation Yarluwar-Ruwe Plan: Caring for Ngarrindjeri Sea Country and Culture (the 'NNYR Plan') stating the Ngarrindjeri Vision for Country
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Jones' Lookout (named after Henry Jones, local fisherman and environmentalist) was opened in 2009 and is located on the concrete plinth where a former water tower once stood on a clifftop. The
3969:
2143:
Mason K (2010) Southern bell frog (Litoria raniformis) inventory of Lake Alexandrina, Lake Albert and tributaries. SA Murray-Darling Basin Natural Resources Management Board, Murray Bridge.
2430:
Hemming, Steve (1 December 2018), "Ngarrindjeri Nation Yarluwar-Ruwe Plan: Caring for Ngarrindjeri Country and Culture Kungun Ngarrindjeri Yunnan (Listen to Ngarrindjeri People Talking)",
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tiles, surrounded by tiling of unglazed quarry tiles. The mosaic is a compass made of intersecting ripples of mainly blue tiles, with the colours at the north point depicting
3018:
Mosley, LM; Zammit, B; Jolley, A; Barnett, L; Fitzpatrick, R (2014). "Monitoring and assessment of surface water acidification following rewetting of oxidised acid sulfate soils".
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4105:
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Mosley, LM; Shand, P; Self, P; Fitzpatrick, R (2014). "The geochemistry during management of lake acidification caused by the rewetting of sulfuric (pH<4) acid sulfate soils".
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Wedderburn, S & Hillyard, K (2010) Condition monitoring of threatened fish populations at Lake Alexandrina and Lake Albert (2009-2010). The University of Adelaide, Adelaide.
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the lake to the sea. The seawater intrusion, lack of flushing, evapoconcentration and increased resuspension resulted in severe water quality impacts Exposure and oxidation of
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Ngarrindjeri led the development of the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth (CLLMM) Ngarrindjeri Partnerships and Murrundi (Riverine) Recovery Projects. In 2002, the
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in 1858. Land allotments were offered for sale in 1859 in the area informally known as 'Old Clayton.' Clayton Bay was subdivided as a settlement in 1859 and a store,
2015:
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has come at the expense of native fish species and aquatic vegetation. Australian scientists have determined that using the naturally occurring carp herpesvirus (
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and including Henry and Gloria Jones) vigorously campaigned for the removal of the 'Clayton regulator' to restore water flows. The regulator was removed in 2011.
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252:
240:
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Stuart, I. G., & Jones, M. J. (2006). Movement of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, in a regulated lowland Australian river: implications for management.
2061:
3255:
ANZECC (2000) Australian Water Quality Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Waters. Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, Kingston.
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The beauty of the area attracts numerous tourists whose numbers and activities may not be able to be sustained. Inappropriate human activities causing
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For thousands of years, the Lower Murray, Lower Lakes and Coorong region was one of the most densely populated areas of Australia, and the land (
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Wainwright, P & Christie, M (2008) Wader surveys at the Coorong and S.E. coastal lakes, South Australia, February 2008. The Stilt 54: 31-47.
2724:
2347:
1742:
4249:
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Mosley, LM; Palmer, D; Leyden, E; Fitzpatrick, R; Shand, P (2014). "Acidification of floodplains due to river level decline during drought".
1865:
84:
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51:
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Fitzpatrick, Rob W.; Shand, P.; Mosley, Luke M. (1 December 2018), Mosley, Luke; Ye, Qifeng; Shepherd, Scoresby; Hemming, Steve (eds.),
360:, part of the lower lakes and Coorong region at the end of the Murray River System. The town is located north of the north-east tip of
3926:
2162:
Gehrig S, Nicol J & Marsland, K (2011) Lower Lakes Vegetation Condition Monitoring – 2010/2011. SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Adelaide.
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design by artist, Michael Tye consists of a compass rose formed by intersecting ripples. The tiles used for the mosaic are hand-cut,
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including annual bird and amphibian counts, vegetation surveys, temperature and wind speed measurements, astronomical observations,
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our ancestors. Our vision is all people Caring, Sharing, Knowing and Respecting the lands, the waters and all living things.
3919:
2261:"Aboriginal foraging practices and crafts involving birds in the post-European period of the Lower Murray, South Australia"
1315:
2991:
Hipsey, M; Salmon, U; Mosley, LM (2014). "A three-dimensional hydro-geochemical model to assess lake acidification risk".
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Marsland, K & Nicol, J (2009) Lower Lakes vegetation condition monitoring 2008/09. SARDI Aquatic Sciences, Adelaide.
1355:
1296:
509:
471:
447:
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Natural History of the Coorong, Lower Lakes, and Murray Mouth region (Yarluwar-Ruwe). Royal Society of South Australia
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Natural History of the Coorong, Lower Lakes, and Murray Mouth region (Yarluwar-Ruwe). Royal Society of South Australia
2379:
Natural History of the Coorong, Lower Lakes, and Murray Mouth region (Yarluwar-Ruwe). Royal Society of South Australia
1379:(known as a restrictor flow bund) at Clayton Bay to stop the flow of Lake Alexandrina waters towards the mouth of the
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Ngarrindjeri raft with people cooking, a fire and a windbreak (approx. 1845) Watercolour by Alex C. Kelly (1811–1877)
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have reduced the total volume of water available resulting in a substantial decline in the waterways. Work by
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Lighten, J. and van Oosterhout, C., 2017. Biocontrol of common carp in Australia poses risks to biosecurity.
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The native title rights and interests of the Ngarrindjeri people were recognised in Ngarrindjeri and Others
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Experience is needed for water activities as the area is very exposed to the wind and the shallow nature of
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Van Dyke, J. U.; Spencer, R. –J.; Thompson, M. B.; Chessman, B.; Howard, K.; Georges, A. (December 2019).
1299:. Around 9 February 1830, Sturt sighted seagulls. A few days later, they found the point where the Murray
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2019:
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1167:) and waterways were home to thousands of Ngarrindjeri peoples. Ngarrindjeri lived in communities in the
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Mosley, Luke; Ye, Qifeng; Shepherd, Scoresby; Hemming, Steve; Fitzpatrick, Rob, eds. (1 December 2018).
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3348:"Fishers fear release of herpes virus to kill River Murray's European carp will devastate the industry"
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footprints to an area of concrete that borders the tiling (the work was commissioned during the 2000s
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1679:) which are vulnerable from recreational activity, noise, environmental degradation, infestations of
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sites. The wetlands contribute to the filtration and quality of water flowing into the Lower Lakes.
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and protect cultural sites. All waterways and several parcels of land within Clayton Bay are within
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4004:
2913:
Mosley, LM; Zammit, B; Jolley, A; Barnett, L (2014). "Acidification of lake water due to drought".
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2527:"Indigenous nation building for environmental futures: Murrundi flows through Ngarrindjeri country"
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included soldiers, Harris, Hopkinson, and Frasier and convicts, Mulholland, Macnamee, and Clayton.
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1709:(Ranoidea raniformis) in captivity to be released back into the wetlands operates within the town.
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due to falling water levels from 2007 to 2009 in the Lower River and Lower Lakes also resulted in
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1173:. Everything Ngarrindjeri needed was present–clean waters, foods, medicines, shelter and warmth.
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advocating and active involvement in the preservation, restoration and revitalization of the
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Many Clayton Bay residents have adopted stewardship environmental roles and are involved in:
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3618:"Our Southern Bell Frog conservation facility is go...with tadpoles! – Nature Glenelg Trust"
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Hemming, Steve; Rigney, Daryle; Bignall, Simone; Berg, Shaun; Rigney, Grant (3 July 2019).
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8:
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2484:"Ngarrindjeri Yannarumi: Educating for Transformation and Indigenous Nation (Re)building"
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In 2008, the name of Clayton was officially changed to Clayton Bay by application to the
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1089:. The Ngarrindjeri consist of several distinct if closely related groups, including the
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3640:"Streets are dark as lights remain switched off following tampering and gunshot damage"
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Reed clearing and power boats, Ramsar Wetlands Area, Clayton Bay Riverside Holiday Park
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Jeffery, Bill (August 1992). "Cultural contact along the Coorong in South Australia".
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2300:
2127:"Murray River National Park bird checklist – Avibase – Bird Checklists of the World"
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Natural History of the Coorong, Lower Lakes, and Murray Mouth Region (Yarluwar-Ruwe)
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1429:(Porphyrio melanotus) disappeared from the area, leaving nothing but footprints).
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Strategically, Clayton Bay is an important place as the channel separating it from
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point is emphasised by the colours of sunset on the water. The work also includes
3490:"Conservation implications of turtle declines in Australia's Murray River system"
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Darling Basin Natural Resources Management Board, Murray Bridge. South Australia.
2040:. University of Adelaide Press on behalf of the Royal Society of South Australia.
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and workers and called 'Rankine's Ferry.' The town of Clayton was later named by
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A World that was: The Yaraldi of the Murray River and the Lakes, South Australia
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https://www.awe.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/cewh-statement-carp_0.pdf
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2003:
1971:
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3388:"Help The Kids Help The Turtles in SA Lakes And Lower Murray – Pigs Will Fly"
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Mosley, L., Ye, Q., Shepherd, S., Hemming, S., & Fitzpatrick, R. (2019).
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with any vegetation clearance or development requiring approval through the
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Frog Monitoring in the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth (CLLMM) Region
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Ngarrindjeri peoples and supporters have challenged and partnered with the
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The area is inhabited by common, threatened and/or endangered species of
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Environmental degradation, Ramsar Wetlands, Use of Jet Skis, Clayton Bay
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945:
651:
585:
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432:
399:, waters, foreshore and wider environs at Clayton Bay host spectacular
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Rigney, Daryle; Hemming, Steve; Bignall, Simone; Maher, Katie (2018),
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to the wetlands are difficult to regulate as there are several public
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wetland area and a highly fragile ecological setting with Indigenous
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Australia designated the site, covering approximately 140,500 ha in
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3879:"Hunter-gatherer social complexity at Roonka Flat, South Australia"
3581:"The frogtastic Southern Bell Frog facility – Nature Glenelg Trust"
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The Ramsar site supports approximately 43 fish species including:
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and area attracting national and international environmentalists,
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The South Australian Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1858 – 1889)
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entered into the Kungun Ngarrindjeri Yunnan Agreement: Listen to
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478:
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2729:. London: Smith, Elder and Co. pp. 219, 271. Archived from
2215:
Ngarriindjeri nation : genealogies of Ngarrindjeri families
1675:
protecting the breeding grounds of Eastern long-necked turtles (
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Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (2014).
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1804:
1748:
Gloria Jones (Environmentalist/Restaurateur/Fisherman/Activist)
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1410:
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Ngarrindjeri culture is centered around the lower lakes of the
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Journal of the Australasian Institute for Maritime Archaeology
2609:"Ngarrindjeri and Commonwealth partner on environmental water"
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1684:
1523:
1496:
1414:
1323:
712:
1886:
Fatal Boat Accident on Lake Alexandrina. (22 January 1879).
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attempt to balance touristic activities, strongly promoting
1383:
The River, Lakes and Coorong Action Group (chaired by Prof.
1306:
1009:
Unspecked Hardyhead (Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum fulvus)
3158:"Soils in the Coorong, Lower Lakes and Murray Mouth Region"
2363:
Ngarrindjeri Wurruwarrin: A world that is, was, and will be
2316:
Ngarrindjeri wurruwarrin: a world that is, was, and will be
1706:
1132:, beginning around 8,000 B.C. down to around 1840 CE.
813:
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2060:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources.
3884:. In Bruno, David; Barker, Bryce; McNiven, Ian J (eds.).
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2848:
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restaurant operated from 1974 until approximately 2009.
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Approximate historical extent of Ngarrindjeri territory.
832:(Tachyglossus aculeatus) within the town and environs.
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Wetlands and shore frontage, Eastern side of Clayton Bay
2677:
2375:
1318:
operated his own ferry service from the Clayton Bay to
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Ngarrindjeri Self Determination, Control and Management
3895:
The Meeting of the Waters: The Hindmarsh Island Affair
3717:"The colourful, subversive world of Annabelle Collett"
3155:
1902:
TWO MEN DROWNED IN LAKE ALEXANDRINA. (24 April 1885).
1445:
Clayton Bay is part of an internationally significant
1436:
Purple Swamphen (South Australia)(Porphyrio melanotus)
1124:
Archaeology, particularly in excavations conducted at
690:
Many other birds can be seen in the region including:
481:, as one of Australia's most important wetland areas.
3886:
Social Archaeology of Australian Indigenous Societies
1918:
LAKE ALEXANDRINA DROWNING ACCIDENT. (21 April 1924).
2265:
Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia
1950:
SIXTEEN HOURS IN LAKE ALEXANDRINA. (25 March 1898).
1672:
bird and fauna rescue and return to native habitats,
1482:
activities (e.g. unsustainable numbers of tourists,
1425:
when water levels were extremely low and the purple
3846:
2662:
Charles Sturt, his life and journeys of exploration
2313:
2240:
2199:
2058:
Commonwealth of Australia Department of Environment
1839:. The Government of South Australia. Archived from
1440:
1394:
Jones' Lookout, Clayton Bay, Artwork by Michael Tye
3855:
3210:"Money found for Murray flow restrictor's removal"
2990:
1998:Five dead, one missing in water (24 August 1987).
1683:(Ficopomatus enigmaticus) and predators including
1647:overseeing the preservation of remnant vegetation,
1168:
1162:
1156:
1109:after Aboriginal peoples were forcibly removed to
2844:
2842:
1984:Northern Standard (Darwin, NT : 1921 – 1955)
1751:Henry Jones (Environmentalist/Fisherman/Activist)
1723:(the town has only five street lights operating).
1695:offer cat traps to deal with issues arising from
1581:. The increased spread of carp and its impact on
498:Coorong, and Lakes Alexandrina and Albert Wetland
120:
4236:
3131:"The drought remembered, five years on | Photos"
2531:Australasian Journal of Environmental Management
2490:, Singapore: Springer Singapore, pp. 1–26,
1952:The Advertiser (Adelaide, SA : 1889 – 1931)
264:
2218:. Kent Town, South Australia: Wakefield Press.
1934:DROWNED IN LAKE ALEXANDRINA. (24 August 1903).
1834:"Fleurieu Kangaroo Island SA Government region"
1287:on 7 January 1830. The crew, besides Sturt and
736:Purple Swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio) and more.
2896:
2839:
2754:"The Big Yabby, Australia Tourist Information"
1920:The Register (Adelaide, SA : 1901 – 1929)
1607:Native Title holders, local residents and the
1542:have leased areas adjacent to the wetlands to
1189:management representatives, over questions of
839:Chelodina longicollis – ventral view of female
368:and 30.7 kilometres (19 mi) by road from
3927:
3888:. Aboriginal Studies Press. pp. 226–241.
1512:and similar invasive species into reed beds),
1197:of existing and long-standing relationships.
1085:of the southern-central area of the state of
457:
3862:. University of British Columbia UBC Press.
2831:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2318:(New ed.). North Melbourne, Australia.
1968:Victor Harbour Times (SA : 1932 – 1986)
1936:The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 – 1954)
1456:Serious environmental threats are posed by:
535:Greater crested tern with a fish in its beak
2004:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article132154839
2000:The Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 – 1995)
1972:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article186021741
1940:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197221060
1712:local seed bank and land care programs, and
1615:practices, seeking to preserve and protect
3934:
3920:
3605:. Adelaide: Government of South Australia.
3553:Council, Alexandrina (11 September 2019).
3413:"Grant Award View – GA21295: GrantConnect"
3345:
3105:"Annual Australian Climate Statement 2009"
2906:
2581:"The Kungun Ngarrindjeri Yunnan Agreement"
2346:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2211:
1988:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49454123
1986:, p. 2. Retrieved 25 November, 202o, from
1956:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35109317
1924:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64210174
1922:, p. 11. Retrieved 25 November 2020, from
1908:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36305038
1892:http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article30674905
1819:
875:Freshwater herblands (e.g. Triglochin sp.)
37:
3529:
3169:
2879:
2801:
2799:
2449:
2439:
2002:, p. 3. Retrieved 19 November 2018, from
1970:, p. 3. Retrieved 25 November 2020, from
1966:Man missing on lake (28 September 1983).
1954:, p. 5. Retrieved 25 November 2021, from
1938:, p. 6. Retrieved 25 November 2019, from
1906:, p. 5. Retrieved 25 November 2020, from
1890:, p. 4. Retrieved 25 January, 202o, from
1810:"Clayton Bay (urban centre and locality)"
1702:a program to raise nationally threatened
435:and water based activities, particularly
3791:
3765:
3615:
3578:
2658:
1658:interventions to decrease the spread of
1560:
1552:
1431:
1389:
1305:
1142:
1134:
1115:
918:
855:River club rush (Schoenoplectus validus)
842:
834:
739:
681:
538:
530:
519:
340:
332:
3637:
3552:
3020:Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
2695:
2429:
2425:
2423:
1888:Queanbeyan Age (NSW : 1867 – 1904)
1193:, agency, control, sovereignty and the
899:Samphire chenopod shrubland (including
364:about 87 kilometres (54 mi) from
4237:
3892:
3714:
3362:"River Murray Turtles need your help!"
2796:
2683:
2258:
2026:from the original on 7 September 2016.
1866:"Hammond (Electoral district profile)"
1476:(i.e. creating gaps between reedbeds),
1244:Registered Native Title Body Corporate
356:located on Lake Alexandrina and Lower
3915:
3346:Gailberger, Jade (30 December 2016).
3236:"Jones' Lookout Mosaic – Michael Tye"
2722:
2314:Bell, Diane; Janet Mackenzie (2014).
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1060:
961:Tamar Goby (Afurcagobius tamarensis).
686:Purple Swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio)
450:and Lower Lakes creates large choppy
4250:Populated places on the Murray River
3876:
3438:"Turtles win in River Murray crisis"
2993:Environmental Modelling and Software
2635:"Native Title Determination Details"
2588:Department for Environment and Water
2420:
2360:
2259:Clarke, Philip A. (2 January 2018).
2246:
2016:"Carrying suitable safety equipment"
1730:
1472:clearing, reduction or dispersal of
1217:After lengthy negotiations with the
3792:Caggiano, Anthony (16 April 2014).
3616:Whiterod, Nick (19 December 2019).
2597:from the original on 27 March 2016.
1858:
1719:policies in collaboration with the
1251:
576:(Rostratula australis benghalensis)
490:Wetland of International Importance
462:Clayton Bay is included within the
58:
13:
3171:10.20851/natural-history-cllmm-2.9
2805:
2441:10.20851/natural-history-cllmm-1.1
1982:FOUR MEN DROWNED (14 March 1939).
1765:
14:
4261:
3768:"Review: My Ngarrindjeri Calling"
3638:Manning, Jack (7 November 2019).
3559:Alexandrina Council WEBSITE PAGES
2200:Berndt, Berndt & Stanton 1993
2067:from the original on 5 June 2011.
1508:introduced vegetation (e.g. esp.
1278:. On 3 November 1829, Sturt left
1113:(formerly Point McLeay Mission).
958:Lagoon Goby (Tasmanogobius lasti)
648:(Chlidonias hybridus fluviatilis)
527:(Pelecanus conspicillatus) flight
3794:"Henry Jones' legacy to live on"
3579:Whiterod, Nick (19 March 2020).
3277:Fisheries Management and Ecology
3164:, University of Adelaide Press,
2950:Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
2488:Handbook of Indigenous Education
2434:, University of Adelaide Press,
2382:. University of Adelaide Press.
1441:Environmental threats and action
57:
50:
3811:
3785:
3759:
3734:
3708:
3682:
3657:
3631:
3609:
3594:
3572:
3546:
3481:
3456:
3430:
3405:
3380:
3354:
3339:
3321:
3304:
3286:
3269:
3258:
3249:
3228:
3202:
3149:
3123:
3097:
3091:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.11.010
3062:
3011:
2984:
2941:
2771:
2746:
2716:
2689:
2652:
2627:
2601:
2573:
2518:
2475:
2369:
2354:
2307:
2252:
2205:
2183:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2146:
2137:
2119:
2110:
2100:
2090:
2080:
2071:
2043:
2030:
2008:
1992:
1976:
1960:
1806:Australian Bureau of Statistics
1274:, which had been discovered by
1228:
972:Southern Purple-spotted Gudgeon
206:30.7 km (19 mi) E of
3715:Neylon, John (30 March 2020).
3312:Nature ecology & evolution
2806:Marino, Brad Collis, Melissa.
2496:10.1007/978-981-10-1839-8_22-1
2388:10.20851/natural-history-cllmm
1944:
1928:
1912:
1896:
1880:
1826:
1798:
1493:human intrusions and activity,
1105:, who began to form a unified
948:(Maccullochella peelii peelii)
923:Clayton Bay Wetland Vegetation
439:(popular due to seasonal high
390:
269:Localities around Clayton Bay:
200:87 km (54 mi) SE of
1:
3005:10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.02.007
2970:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014.03.003
2935:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.001
2551:10.1080/14486563.2019.1651227
2285:10.1080/03721426.2017.1415588
1786:. South Australian government
1758:
1739:Deane Fergie (Anthropologist)
1505:introduction of contaminants,
791:Eastern long-necked turtles (
618:(Poliocephalus poliocephalus)
582:(Cladorhynchus leucocephalus)
494:Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
466:, Lower Murray, Lower Lakes,
3942:Towns and localities of the
3766:perkinsy (13 October 2013).
3464:"Clayton Bay Foreshore Walk"
1225:Speaking Agreement in 2009.
784:Yellow-bellied Water Skink (
234:Fleurieu and Kangaroo Island
7:
3897:. Sydney: Hodder Headline.
3854:; Stanton, John E. (1993).
2659:Cumpston, J. H. L. (1951).
2212:Kartinyeri, Doreen (2006).
2020:South Australian Government
1665:the development of walking
1219:South Australian Government
1185:for decades, including its
1183:South Australian Government
1002:Dwarf Flat-headed Gudgeon (
953:Craterocephalus fluviatilis
867:Olearia pannosa ssp pannosa
858:Sandhill Greenhood Orchid (
381:South Australian Government
10:
4266:
3840:
3772:Stumbling Through the Past
3514:10.1038/s41598-019-39096-3
2852:Water Resources Management
1754:Rob Lucas (Anthropologist)
1745:(Architect/Anthropologist)
1662:(Ficopomatus enigmaticus),
1322:, mainly transporting his
1310:Early expeditions of Sturt
1055:
558:(Pelecanus conspicillatus)
458:International Significance
3950:
3040:10.1007/s10661-013-3350-9
2872:10.1007/s11269-012-0113-2
1868:. ELECTORAL COMMISSION SA
1736:Annabelle Collett(Artist)
1349:is at its narrowest. The
938:Small-mouthed Hardyhead (
820:There are populations of
624:(Charadrius ruficapillus)
323:
267:
263:
251:
239:
227:
215:
194:
175:
158:
150:
140:
136:31 August 2000 (locality)
130:
115:
76:
45:
36:
23:
4245:Towns in South Australia
3690:"Vale Annabelle Collett"
1490:, jet skis, powerboats),
1351:2000s Australian drought
1240:Native Title legislation
1111:Raukkan, South Australia
909:Sarcocornia quinqueflora
901:Tecticornia pergranulata
894:Muehlenbeckia florulenta
727:(Cracticus nigrogularis)
666:(Charadrius ruficapillu)
658:Australian Painted Snipe
574:Australian Painted Snipe
564:(Botaurus poiciloptilus)
383:to avoid confusion with
100:35.495488°S 138.911048°E
3877:Pate, F Donald (2006).
3852:Berndt, Catherine Helen
3111:. Bureau of Meteorology
2812:stories.coretext.com.au
2723:Sturt, Charles (1833).
1699:or unidentified cats),.
1669:and wetland boardwalks,
1644:turtle rescue programs,
1169:
1163:
1157:
1004:Philypnodon macrostomus
940:Atherinosoma microstoma
851:Plant species include:
715:(Eolophus roseicapilla)
642:(Larus novaehollandiae)
154:70 m (230 ft)
18:Town in South Australia
1814:Australian Census 2021
1784:Location SA Map Viewer
1587:Cyprinid herpesvirus-3
1566:
1558:
1437:
1395:
1311:
1215:
1152:
1140:
1121:
1026:Short-headed Lamprey (
1014:Pseudophritis urvillii
997:Philypnodon grandiceps
981:Southern Pygmy Perch (
924:
887:Melaleuca halmaturorum
848:
840:
751:
709:(Cacatua tenuirostris)
703:(Rhipidura leucophrys)
687:
654:(Sterna nereis nereis)
634:Sharp-tailed Sandpiper
570:(Tadornis tadornoides)
547:
536:
528:
518:
346:
338:
105:-35.495488; 138.911048
3848:Berndt, Ronald Murray
2361:Bell, Dianne (1998).
2097:Commission, Canberra.
1677:Chelodina longicollis
1564:
1556:
1435:
1393:
1309:
1210:
1146:
1138:
1119:
1071:Aboriginal Australian
995:Flat-headed Gudgeon (
935:(Nannoperca obscura),
922:
860:Pterostylis arenicola
846:
838:
830:short-beaked echidnas
828:(Tiliqua rugosa) and
816:(Ranoidea raniformis)
801:(Pseudonaja textilis)
793:Chelodina longicollis
750:(Ranoidea raniformis)
743:
685:
676:Australasian Shoveler
672:(Porphyrio melanotus)
670:Australasian Swamphen
630:(Calidris ruficollis)
600:(Calidris ferruginea)
542:
534:
523:
506:Coorong National Park
502:
431:and those engaged in
344:
337:Clayton Bay Foreshore
336:
3295:Biological Invasions
3071:Applied Geochemistry
2915:Journal of Hydrology
1725:Clayton Bay Lighting
1574:Murray-Darling Basin
1538:in the town and the
1532:environmental damage
1499:and light pollution,
1073:Owners of the lower
983:Nannoperca australis
964:Freshwater Catfish (
799:Eastern Brown Snakes
733:(Eurostopodus argus)
697:(Gymnorhina tibicen)
636:(Calidris acuminata)
604:Greater Crested Tern
562:Australasian bittern
3944:Alexandrina Council
3893:Simons, M. (2003).
3721:The Adelaide Review
3506:2019NatSR...9.1998V
3137:. 18 September 2014
3083:2014ApGC...41...49M
3032:2014EMnAs.186....1M
2962:2014JCHyd.161...10M
2927:2014JHyd..511..484M
2864:2012WatRM..26.3923M
2543:2019AuJEM..26..216H
2277:2018TRSAu.142....1C
2131:avibase.bsc-eoc.org
1721:Alexandrina Council
1693:Alexandrina Council
1681:Australian tubeworm
1660:Australian tubeworm
1609:Alexandrina Council
1540:Alexandrina Council
1371:of soils, lake and
1301:flowed into the sea
1202:Alexandrina Council
1042:Macquaria colonorum
1033:Mountain Galaxias (
988:Yarra Pygmy Perch (
903:ssp. Pergranulata,
865:Silver Daisy-bush (
807:(Notechis scutatus)
786:Eulamprus heatwolei
707:Long-billed Corella
606:(Thalasseus bergii)
568:Australian Shelduck
504:...encompasses the
377:Alexandrina Council
253:Federal division(s)
241:State electorate(s)
222:Alexandrina Council
96: /
3970:Blackfellows Creek
3742:"Dr. Deane Fergie"
3494:Scientific Reports
3392:pigswillfly.com.au
3368:. 14 December 2015
3329:"The Carp Problem"
2783:samemory.sa.gov.au
2665:. Georgian House.
1583:freshwater habitat
1572:introduced to the
1567:
1559:
1438:
1423:Australian Drought
1396:
1365:acid sulfate soils
1312:
1283:departed from the
1153:
1141:
1122:
1079:Fleurieu Peninsula
1061:Aboriginal history
1049:Anguilla australis
1047:Short-finned Eel (
990:Nannoperca obscura
976:Morgurnda adspersa
951:Murray Hardyhead (
925:
892:Lignum shrubland (
849:
841:
766:. These include:
752:
688:
616:Hoary-headed Grebe
556:Australian Pelican
548:
537:
529:
525:Australian pelican
347:
339:
4232:
4231:
4122:Mount Observation
4117:Mount Magnificent
3869:978-0-774-80478-3
3181:978-1-925261-81-3
2858:(13): 3923–3946.
2686:, pp. 18–19.
2505:978-981-10-1839-8
2365:. Spinifex Press.
2325:978-1-74219-913-9
2225:978-1-86254-725-4
1731:Notable residents
1617:cultural heritage
1517:native vegetation
1463:water extraction,
1451:cultural heritage
1356:Lakes Alexandrina
1314:In the 1840s, Dr
1021:Geotria australis
1019:Pouched Lamprey (
966:Tandanus tandanus
933:Yarra Pygmy Perch
885:Swamp Paperbark (
872:Diverse reed beds
847:Shortbeak echidna
779:Emydura macquarii
725:Pied Butcher Bird
721:(Hirundo neoxena)
695:Australian magpie
678:(Anas rhynchotis)
664:Red-capped Plover
660:(Rostratula aust)
622:Red-capped Plover
385:Clayton, Victoria
331:
330:
327:
326:
4257:
4070:Lake Alexandrina
4040:Hindmarsh Island
3936:
3929:
3922:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3889:
3883:
3873:
3861:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3738:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3669:trove.nla.gov.au
3661:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3533:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3468:weekendnotes.com
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3384:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3358:
3352:
3351:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3325:
3319:
3308:
3302:
3290:
3284:
3273:
3267:
3262:
3256:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3173:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3015:
3009:
3008:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2910:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2883:
2846:
2837:
2836:
2830:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2803:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2750:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2733:on 19 April 2018
2720:
2714:
2713:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2585:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2453:
2443:
2427:
2418:
2417:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2345:
2337:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2055:
2047:
2041:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2012:
2006:
1996:
1990:
1980:
1974:
1964:
1958:
1948:
1942:
1932:
1926:
1916:
1910:
1900:
1894:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1846:on 21 March 2019
1845:
1838:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1817:
1808:(28 June 2022).
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1776:
1597:water extraction
1593:River regulation
1347:Hindmarsh Island
1320:Hindmarsh Island
1252:European history
1187:natural resource
1172:
1166:
1160:
1069:peoples are the
905:Suaeda australis
772:Rattus lutreolus
628:Red-necked Stint
598:Curlew Sandpiper
588:(Cygnus atratus)
510:Lake Alexandrina
472:Lake Alexandrina
448:Lake Alexandrina
362:Hindmarsh Island
313:Hindmarsh Island
308:Hindmarsh Island
301:Lake Alexandrina
286:Lake Alexandrina
265:
176: • Summer (
122:
111:
110:
108:
107:
106:
101:
97:
94:
93:
92:
89:
61:
60:
54:
41:
32:
26:
21:
20:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4081:Langhorne Creek
4045:Highland Valley
3946:
3940:
3905:
3881:
3870:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3827:
3825:
3819:"Dr. Rod Lucas"
3817:
3816:
3812:
3802:
3800:
3790:
3786:
3776:
3774:
3764:
3760:
3750:
3748:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3725:
3723:
3713:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3696:. 15 April 2019
3688:
3687:
3683:
3673:
3671:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3648:
3646:
3636:
3632:
3622:
3620:
3614:
3610:
3599:
3595:
3585:
3583:
3577:
3573:
3563:
3561:
3555:"Dogs and Cats"
3551:
3547:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3470:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3447:
3445:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3421:
3419:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3371:
3369:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3344:
3340:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3309:
3305:
3301:(6), 1857-1870.
3291:
3287:
3274:
3270:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3216:. 3 August 2011
3208:
3207:
3203:
3194:
3192:
3182:
3154:
3150:
3140:
3138:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3114:
3112:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3067:
3063:
3016:
3012:
2989:
2985:
2946:
2942:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2897:
2847:
2840:
2824:
2823:
2816:
2814:
2804:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2758:touristlink.com
2752:
2751:
2747:
2736:
2734:
2721:
2717:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2657:
2653:
2643:
2641:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2616:
2615:. 20 April 2016
2607:
2606:
2602:
2594:
2583:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2523:
2519:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2480:
2476:
2462:
2428:
2421:
2406:
2374:
2370:
2359:
2355:
2339:
2338:
2326:
2312:
2308:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2226:
2210:
2206:
2202:, p. xvii.
2198:
2194:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2138:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2064:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2035:
2031:
2014:
2013:
2009:
1997:
1993:
1981:
1977:
1965:
1961:
1949:
1945:
1933:
1929:
1917:
1913:
1901:
1897:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1803:
1799:
1789:
1787:
1778:
1777:
1766:
1761:
1743:Elizabeth Grant
1733:
1632:citizen science
1522:Introduced and
1515:the removal of
1460:climate change,
1443:
1276:Hume and Hovell
1254:
1231:
1179:
1130:Holocene period
1087:South Australia
1063:
1058:
1040:Estuary Perch (
1035:Galaxias olidus
1028:Mordacia mordax
878:Cutting Grass (
777:Murray Turtle (
731:Tawny Frogmouth
719:Welcome Swallow
612:(Anas gracilis)
594:(Anas castanea)
486:South Australia
460:
425:anthropologists
393:
354:South Australia
135:
104:
102:
98:
95:
90:
87:
85:
83:
82:
72:
71:
70:
69:
68:
67:
66:
62:
30:South Australia
28:
27:
24:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4263:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3995:Currency Creek
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3939:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3916:
3910:
3909:
3903:
3890:
3874:
3868:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3810:
3784:
3758:
3733:
3707:
3681:
3656:
3630:
3608:
3593:
3571:
3545:
3480:
3455:
3429:
3404:
3379:
3353:
3338:
3320:
3303:
3285:
3268:
3257:
3248:
3227:
3201:
3180:
3148:
3122:
3096:
3061:
3010:
2983:
2940:
2905:
2895:
2838:
2808:"The Pioneers"
2795:
2770:
2745:
2715:
2688:
2676:
2651:
2626:
2600:
2572:
2537:(3): 216–235.
2517:
2504:
2474:
2460:
2419:
2404:
2368:
2353:
2324:
2306:
2251:
2249:, p. 226.
2239:
2224:
2204:
2192:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2155:
2145:
2136:
2118:
2109:
2099:
2089:
2079:
2070:
2042:
2029:
2007:
1991:
1975:
1959:
1943:
1927:
1911:
1895:
1879:
1857:
1825:
1797:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1713:
1710:
1700:
1673:
1670:
1663:
1656:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1635:
1528:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1503:
1502:vehicular use,
1500:
1494:
1491:
1477:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1442:
1439:
1270:to follow the
1253:
1250:
1230:
1227:
1195:decolonisation
1178:
1175:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1007:
1000:
993:
986:
979:
969:
962:
959:
956:
949:
943:
936:
917:
916:
913:Juncus kraussi
897:
890:
883:
876:
873:
870:
863:
856:
826:sleepy lizards
818:
817:
808:
802:
796:
789:
782:
775:
738:
737:
734:
728:
722:
716:
710:
704:
701:Willie Wagtail
698:
680:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
646:Whiskered Tern
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
583:
577:
571:
565:
559:
459:
456:
405:ornithologists
392:
389:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
304:
303:
298:
295:
293:Currency Creek
289:
288:
283:
278:
272:
271:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
243:
237:
236:
231:
225:
224:
219:
213:
212:
211:
210:
204:
196:
192:
191:
181:
173:
172:
162:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
117:
113:
112:
80:
74:
73:
64:
63:
56:
55:
49:
48:
47:
46:
43:
42:
34:
33:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4262:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4209:Willunga Hill
4207:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:Prospect Hill
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4133:Mundoo Island
4131:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4111:Mount Compass
4109:
4107:
4106:Mosquito Hill
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4060:Kuitpo Colony
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
4000:Dingabledinga
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3937:
3932:
3930:
3925:
3923:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3906:
3904:0-7336-1348-9
3900:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3880:
3875:
3871:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3844:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3799:
3795:
3788:
3773:
3769:
3762:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3645:
3641:
3634:
3619:
3612:
3604:
3597:
3582:
3575:
3560:
3556:
3549:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3484:
3469:
3465:
3459:
3444:. 5 July 2008
3443:
3439:
3433:
3418:
3417:grants.gov.au
3414:
3408:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3349:
3342:
3334:
3330:
3324:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3300:
3296:
3289:
3283:(4), 213-219.
3282:
3278:
3272:
3266:
3261:
3252:
3237:
3231:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3152:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3065:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3014:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2987:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2909:
2899:
2891:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2845:
2843:
2834:
2828:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2800:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2732:
2728:
2727:
2719:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2680:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2655:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2593:
2589:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2507:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2461:9781925261813
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2424:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2405:9781925261813
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2357:
2349:
2343:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2243:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2208:
2201:
2196:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2149:
2140:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2113:
2103:
2093:
2083:
2074:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2046:
2039:
2033:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2005:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1889:
1883:
1867:
1861:
1842:
1835:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1764:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1704:Southern Bell
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:. (Note: the
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1622:water quality
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1570:European Carp
1563:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1525:
1524:feral animals
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:acidification
1366:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:Lachlan River
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1268:Charles Sturt
1266:
1263:commissioned
1262:
1259:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1150:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1107:cultural bloc
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
994:
991:
987:
984:
980:
977:
973:
970:
967:
963:
960:
957:
954:
950:
947:
944:
941:
937:
934:
931:Basinendemic
930:
929:
928:
921:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
895:
891:
888:
884:
881:
877:
874:
871:
868:
864:
861:
857:
854:
853:
852:
845:
837:
833:
831:
827:
823:
815:
812:
811:Southern Bell
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
790:
787:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
768:
767:
765:
761:
757:
749:
746:
745:Southern Bell
742:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
692:
691:
684:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
592:Chestnut Teal
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
553:
552:
545:
541:
533:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
501:
499:
496:in 1985. The
495:
491:
487:
482:
480:
477:
473:
469:
465:
455:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
413:photographers
410:
409:bird watchers
406:
402:
398:
388:
386:
382:
378:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
352:is a town in
351:
343:
335:
322:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
305:
302:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
270:
266:
262:
259:
256:
254:
250:
247:
244:
242:
238:
235:
232:
230:
226:
223:
220:
218:
214:
209:
205:
203:
199:
198:
197:
193:
189:
185:
182:
179:
174:
170:
166:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
143:
139:
133:
129:
125:
118:
114:
109:
81:
79:
75:
53:
44:
40:
35:
31:
22:
16:
4127:Mount Jagged
4086:McHarg Creek
4030:Goolwa South
4025:Goolwa North
4020:Goolwa Beach
3989:
3955:Angas Plains
3894:
3885:
3857:
3826:. Retrieved
3822:
3813:
3801:. Retrieved
3797:
3787:
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1828:
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1800:
1790:16 September
1788:. Retrieved
1783:
1651:revegetation
1626:
1605:Ngarrindjeri
1591:
1579:algae blooms
1568:
1529:
1510:kikuyu grass
1484:wakeboarding
1455:
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1397:
1381:Murray River
1344:
1316:John Rankine
1313:
1293:
1272:Murrumbidgee
1255:
1235:Native Title
1232:
1229:Native Title
1223:Ngarrindjeri
1216:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1180:
1154:
1149:Murray River
1123:
1075:Murray River
1067:Ngarrindjeri
1064:
926:
882:) sedgeland,
880:Gahnia filum
850:
819:
805:Tiger Snakes
753:
689:
580:Banded Stilt
549:
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489:
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468:Murray Mouth
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358:Murray River
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4219:Woodchester
4188:Strathalbyn
4183:Sandergrove
4163:Port Elliot
4158:Point Sturt
4153:Paris Creek
4076:Lake Plains
4050:Hope Forest
3990:Clayton Bay
3828:19 November
3803:19 November
3777:19 November
3751:19 November
3726:19 November
3700:19 November
3674:19 November
3649:18 November
3623:21 November
3586:18 November
3564:19 November
3500:(1): 1998.
3473:18 November
3448:21 November
3422:18 November
3397:21 November
3372:21 November
3333:carp.gov.au
3241:20 November
3220:20 November
3195:19 November
3141:19 November
3026:(1): 1–18.
2999:: 433–457.
2921:: 484–493.
2817:19 November
2788:18 November
2779:"SA Memory"
2763:18 November
2737:19 November
2684:Simons 2003
2644:18 November
2639:nntt.gov.au
2619:23 November
2511:23 November
2396:2440/118010
2271:(1): 1–26.
1715:adopting a
1488:waterskiing
1373:groundwater
1335:post office
1297:Alexandrina
1126:Roonka Flat
1095:Tanganekald
1091:Jarildekald
1083:the Coorong
770:Swamp Rat (
640:Silver Gull
514:Lake Albert
476:Lake Albert
441:wind speeds
429:astronomers
391:Description
350:Clayton Bay
318:Point Sturt
297:Clayton Bay
142:Postcode(s)
134:1858 (town)
131:Established
103: /
91:138°54′40″E
78:Coordinates
65:Clayton Bay
25:Clayton Bay
4239:Categories
4148:Pages Flat
3980:Bull Creek
3115:26 January
3109:bom.gov.au
1759:References
1613:ecotourism
1548:for profit
1536:boat ramps
1385:Diane Bell
1331:MacDonnell
1103:Ramindjeri
1077:, eastern
1012:Congolli (
946:Murray Cod
760:amphibians
652:Fairy Tern
586:Black Swan
544:Black swan
492:under the
433:ecotourism
116:Population
88:35°29′44″S
4214:Willyaroo
4204:Tooperang
4193:The Range
4173:Red Creek
4091:Middleton
3975:Bletchley
3965:Belvidere
3960:Ashbourne
3798:The Times
3694:The Times
3644:The Times
3522:2045-2322
3190:134665471
3135:The Times
3077:: 49–56.
2956:: 10–23.
2890:154772804
2710:1057-2414
2704:: 29–38.
2567:203500578
2559:1448-6563
2470:188908276
2414:239559925
2342:cite book
2334:882261142
2293:0372-1426
2247:Pate 2006
2234:174134225
2190:Adelaide.
2087:Adelaide.
1544:touristic
1480:touristic
1427:swamp hen
1419:swamp hen
1407:porcelain
1404:vitrified
1256:In 1829,
1099:Meintangk
822:kangaroos
610:Grey Teal
546:and nest
421:botanists
188:UTC+10:30
160:Time zone
151:Elevation
4198:Tolderol
4138:Nangkita
4101:Montarra
4010:Gemmells
3540:30760813
3442:ABC News
3214:ABC News
3056:46559400
3048:23900634
2978:24732706
2903:281–291.
2827:cite web
2671:10264205
2613:ABC News
2592:Archived
2301:90685399
2107:Adelaide
2062:Archived
2024:Archived
1850:17 April
1717:dark sky
1654:programs
1639:wetlands
1601:droughts
1550:bodies.
1474:reedbeds
1466:drought,
1328:Governor
1258:Governor
764:reptiles
397:wetlands
379:and the
366:Adelaide
202:Adelaide
195:Location
169:UTC+9:30
4143:Nurragi
4035:Hartley
4005:Finniss
3841:Sources
3823:LocuSAR
3746:LocuSAR
3665:"Trove"
3531:6374471
3502:Bibcode
3079:Bibcode
3028:Bibcode
2958:Bibcode
2923:Bibcode
2860:Bibcode
2539:Bibcode
2273:Bibcode
1872:5 March
1470:reedbed
1377:barrage
1289:Macleay
1265:Captain
1261:Darling
1191:justice
1056:History
756:mammals
488:, as a
479:wetland
464:Coorong
437:sailing
417:artists
401:sunsets
276:Finniss
246:Hammond
4200:(part)
4129:(part)
4113:(part)
4096:Milang
4072:(part)
4065:Kyeema
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1400:mosaic
1360:Albert
1280:Sydney
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762:, and
370:Goolwa
281:Milang
229:Region
217:LGA(s)
208:Goolwa
4224:Yundi
4178:Salem
3882:(PDF)
3366:GWLAP
3186:S2CID
3052:S2CID
2886:S2CID
2595:(PDF)
2584:(PDF)
2563:S2CID
2466:S2CID
2410:S2CID
2297:S2CID
2065:(PDF)
2054:(PDF)
1844:(PDF)
1837:(PDF)
1707:frogs
1697:feral
1685:foxes
1519:, and
1497:noise
1415:North
1340:yabby
1324:sheep
1164:ruwar
814:frogs
748:frogs
713:Galah
452:waves
119:386 (
3899:ISBN
3864:ISBN
3830:2021
3805:2021
3779:2021
3753:2021
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3625:2021
3588:2021
3566:2021
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3450:2021
3424:2021
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3143:2021
3117:2017
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2974:PMID
2833:link
2819:2021
2790:2021
2765:2021
2739:2021
2706:ISSN
2667:OCLC
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2500:ISBN
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2330:OCLC
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1852:2017
1792:2018
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258:Mayo
184:ACDT
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3510:doi
3166:doi
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