28:
68:
537:), so it is essential to know what will be the favorite subject before screwing on a close-up lens. The close-up lenses are most effective with long focal length objectives and using a zoom lens is very practical to have some flexibility in the magnification. A good technique for sharp focussing is to take a picture at a long focal length first to have optimal sharpness at the essential details and then zooming out to have the desired size in the frame.
20:
36:
520:
Close-up lenses can make a telephoto lens function as a macro lens with a large working distance. This is useful, for example, to prevent scaring small animals or isolating the subject from messy surroundings. To use the filters for animals the size of the animal will determine the working distance
187:
Adding a close-up lens to a lens focused to infinity changes the focus point to the focal length of the close-up lens, that is, the inverse of its optical power. This is the combination's maximal working distance:
323:
When you add a close-up lens to a camera which is focusing at the shortest distance at which the objective lens can focus, the focus will move to a distance which is given by following formula:
167:
Several close-up lenses may be used in combination; the optical power of the combination is the sum of the optical powers of the component lenses. For example, a set of lenses of +1, +2, and +4
375:
160:
commonly lack a strength specification in diopters. It can be inferred as the reciprocal of the maximum specified working distance in meters (i.e., a lens with a maximum working distance of
465:
229:
287:
751:
512:
can cause more of a difference in actual magnification than the small overall in-focus working distance range particularly for higher strength diopters.
387:
being the diopter value of the close-up lens. This is the minimal working distance at which you will be able to take a picture with the close-up lens.
241:) divided by the focal distance of the close-up lens; i.e., the focal distance of the objective lens (in meters) multiplied by the diopter value (
234:
That distance is sometimes given on the filter in millimeters. A +3 close-up lens has a maximal working distance of 0.333 m or 333 mm.
672:
A lot of available add-ons can help you focus close, including filter-like close-up attachments that screw onto the front of the lens,...
636:...a variety of accessories increase your creative options. Additional components include Canon Softmat filters and close-up lenses,...
748:
153:
in meters. For a close-up lens, the diopter value is positive: the bigger the number, the greater the effective magnification.
629:
601:
572:
315:
insect will almost fill the frame at this magnification. Using a zoom lens makes it easy to frame the subject as desired.
107:, allowing a primary lens to focus more closely. Bringing the focus closer allows the photographer more possibilities.
329:
726:
701:
665:
407:
194:
179:
Close-up lenses change both the maximum and minimum focus distances of a lens. The range can be rather small.
771:
251:
693:
657:
8:
119:
115:
686:
650:
546:
722:
697:
661:
625:
597:
100:
608:
For real close-up work, some cameras need help—their own version of reading glasses.
553:
which are capable of producing excellent images, with fairly low loss of sharpness.
383:
being the shortest distance at which the objective lens can focus (in meters), and
755:
509:
394:
combined with a +3 diopter close-up lens will give a closest working distance of
157:
130:
104:
27:
567:
550:
96:
67:
765:
401:
The magnification reached in those conditions is given by following formula:
142:
111:
150:
72:
114:
of the primary lens, and are often manufactured and sold by suppliers of
80:
562:
549:
but there are also high-quality close-up lenses composed as achromatic
133:, which also can be used for macro photography with a non-macro lens.
146:
19:
168:
171:
can be combined to provide a range from +1 to +7 in steps of 1.
545:
Some single-element close-up lenses produce images with severe
237:
The magnification is the focal distance of the objective lens (
308:
103:
without requiring a specialised primary lens. They work like
71:
Photograph taken with a 3 diopter achromatic close-up lens:
35:
515:
126:, after the unit of measurement of their optical power.
174:
122:. Some manufacturers refer to their close-up lenses as
573:
Photographic filter#Close-up and split diopter lenses
410:
332:
254:
197:
483:In the example above, the gain of magnification at
685:
649:
459:
369:
281:
223:
688:Digital SLR Cameras & Photography for Dummies
652:Digital SLR Cameras & Photography for Dummies
508:distance you will get the highest magnification,
763:
370:{\displaystyle X_{\text{min}}={\frac {X}{DX+1}}}
733:They can be used alone, or two can be combined.
129:Close-up lenses do not affect exposure, unlike
16:Secondary lens used to enable macro photography
318:
182:
622:Canon EOS Digital Photography: Photo Workshop
460:{\displaystyle M_{X{\text{min}}}=M_{X}(DX+1)}
224:{\displaystyle X_{\text{max}}={\frac {1}{D}}}
141:Close-up lenses are often specified by their
303:Given the small size of most sensors (about
48:2 - Camera objective lens (set to infinity).
716:
75:-hatchlings underneath a purple beech leaf
619:
594:The Magic of Digital Close-Up Photography
499:While it would seem obvious that at this
292:In the example above, if the lens has a
66:
34:
26:
18:
118:. Nonetheless, they are lenses and not
110:Close-up lenses typically mount on the
40:Optical scheme of close-up photography.
764:
591:
516:Macro photography with a close-up lens
390:For example, a lens that can focus at
683:
647:
296:focal distance, the magnification is
721:(4th ed.). Plume. p. 137.
596:. New York: Lark Books. p. 59.
476:being the magnification at distance
282:{\displaystyle M_{X{\text{max}}}=fD}
175:Working distances and magnifications
717:Grimm, Tom; Grimm, Michele (1997).
13:
14:
783:
742:
540:
164:has a strength of +4 diopters).
136:
692:(3rd ed.). Wiley. p.
656:(3rd ed.). Wiley. p.
710:
677:
641:
613:
585:
454:
439:
1:
719:The Basic Book of Photography
578:
533:, small butterflies, beetles
396:1.5 / (3 × 1.5 + 1) = 0.273 m
23:Set of three close-up lenses
7:
556:
480:without the close-up lens.
319:Working at minimal distance
183:Working at maximum distance
10:
788:
87:(sometimes referred to as
758:Close-up lenses technique
620:Timacheff, Serge (2008).
684:Busch, David D. (2009).
648:Busch, David D. (2009).
245:) of the close-up lens:
149:, the reciprocal of the
592:Meehan, Joseph (2006).
461:
371:
283:
225:
76:
64:
54:4 - Film or CCD plane.
32:
24:
462:
372:
284:
226:
70:
38:
31:Typical close-up lens
30:
22:
624:. Wiley. p. 8.
408:
330:
252:
195:
116:photographic filters
772:Photographic lenses
494:(3 × 1.5 + 1) = 5.5
754:2020-10-31 at the
457:
367:
279:
221:
77:
65:
45:1 - Close-up lens.
33:
25:
631:978-0-470-11434-6
603:978-1-57990-652-8
422:
365:
340:
266:
219:
205:
158:achromatic lenses
101:macro photography
779:
736:
735:
714:
708:
707:
691:
681:
675:
674:
655:
645:
639:
638:
617:
611:
610:
589:
536:
532:
528:
524:
507:
495:
491:
479:
475:
466:
464:
463:
458:
438:
437:
425:
424:
423:
420:
397:
393:
386:
382:
376:
374:
373:
368:
366:
364:
347:
342:
341:
338:
314:
306:
299:
295:
288:
286:
285:
280:
269:
268:
267:
264:
244:
240:
230:
228:
227:
222:
220:
212:
207:
206:
203:
163:
99:used to enable
787:
786:
782:
781:
780:
778:
777:
776:
762:
761:
756:Wayback Machine
745:
740:
739:
729:
715:
711:
704:
682:
678:
668:
646:
642:
632:
618:
614:
604:
590:
586:
581:
559:
543:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
510:focus breathing
506:
500:
493:
490:
484:
477:
474:
470:
468:
433:
429:
419:
415:
411:
409:
406:
405:
395:
391:
384:
380:
378:
351:
346:
337:
333:
331:
328:
327:
321:
312:
304:
297:
293:
290:
263:
259:
255:
253:
250:
249:
242:
238:
232:
211:
202:
198:
196:
193:
192:
185:
177:
161:
156:Higher quality
139:
131:extension tubes
105:reading glasses
89:close-up filter
63:
17:
12:
11:
5:
785:
775:
774:
760:
759:
744:
743:External links
741:
738:
737:
727:
709:
702:
676:
666:
640:
630:
612:
602:
583:
582:
580:
577:
576:
575:
570:
568:Extension tube
565:
558:
555:
542:
541:Optical issues
539:
521:(small snakes
517:
514:
504:
488:
472:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
436:
432:
428:
418:
414:
403:
363:
360:
357:
354:
350:
345:
336:
325:
320:
317:
278:
275:
272:
262:
258:
247:
218:
215:
210:
201:
190:
184:
181:
176:
173:
138:
135:
97:secondary lens
95:) is a simple
62:
61:
58:
55:
52:
49:
46:
42:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
784:
773:
770:
769:
767:
757:
753:
750:
747:
746:
734:
730:
728:0-452-27825-2
724:
720:
713:
705:
703:9780470466063
699:
695:
690:
689:
680:
673:
669:
667:9780470466063
663:
659:
654:
653:
644:
637:
633:
627:
623:
616:
609:
605:
599:
595:
588:
584:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
560:
554:
552:
548:
538:
535:25–10 cm
531:50–25 cm
513:
511:
503:
497:
487:
481:
467:
451:
448:
445:
442:
434:
430:
426:
416:
412:
402:
399:
388:
377:
361:
358:
355:
352:
348:
343:
334:
324:
316:
310:
301:
298:0.3 × 3 = 0.9
289:
276:
273:
270:
260:
256:
246:
235:
231:
216:
213:
208:
199:
189:
180:
172:
170:
165:
159:
154:
152:
148:
144:
143:optical power
137:Optical power
134:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
112:filter thread
108:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
85:close-up lens
82:
74:
69:
59:
56:
53:
50:
47:
44:
43:
41:
37:
29:
21:
732:
718:
712:
687:
679:
671:
651:
643:
635:
621:
615:
607:
593:
587:
544:
519:
501:
498:
485:
482:
469:
404:
400:
389:
379:
326:
322:
302:
291:
248:
236:
233:
191:
186:
178:
166:
155:
151:focal length
140:
128:
123:
109:
93:macro filter
92:
88:
84:
78:
73:Pentatomidae
39:
749:Close focus
547:aberrations
311:sensors) a
294:300 mm
81:photography
51:3 - Camera.
579:References
563:Deep focus
529:, lizards
527:50 cm
392:1.5 m
313:20 mm
305:25 mm
162:25 cm
60:y" - Image
57:y - Object
766:Category
752:Archived
557:See also
551:doublets
523:1 m
492:will be
169:diopters
147:diopters
124:diopters
120:filters
725:
700:
664:
628:
600:
309:APS-C
91:or a
723:ISBN
698:ISBN
662:ISBN
626:ISBN
598:ISBN
307:for
83:, a
694:139
525:to
505:min
489:min
421:min
339:min
265:max
204:max
145:in
79:In
768::
731:.
696:.
670:.
660:.
658:84
634:.
606:.
496:.
398:.
300:.
706:.
502:X
486:X
478:X
473:X
471:M
455:)
452:1
449:+
446:X
443:D
440:(
435:X
431:M
427:=
417:X
413:M
385:D
381:X
362:1
359:+
356:X
353:D
349:X
344:=
335:X
277:D
274:f
271:=
261:X
257:M
243:D
239:f
217:D
214:1
209:=
200:X
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
