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d'Autry on Italy, Plélo on government institutions, Pallu on French financial history, Caraman on commerce, d'Oby on French estates-general and parliaments, Saint-Contest on contemporary history, Bragelongne on sovereign houses, La Fautrière on finance and trade, and Saint-Pierre on multiple topics. The older members: Camilly, Coigny, Lassay, Matignon, Noirmoutiers, Pérelle, Pomponne, and Saint-Contest the elder until his death, acted as a sounding and advisory board for their fellows' work. The latter prepared their contributions in advance of the club's weekly sessions. These texts were not printed let alone published; instead, their manuscripts were kept by Alary.
20:
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by its emphasis on current affairs and public policy, primarily foreign affairs and economics. Members specialized in specific policy areas: e.g. Alary on
Germany, d'Argenson on public law and institutions, Balleroy and Champeaux on peace treaties, Verteillac on mixed-government constitutions,
277:, even though its output was not in the public domain given the lack of freedom of expression in France at the time. Indeed, publicity is what led to the club's downfall, according to its chronicler the Marquis d'Argenson. D'Alary had to spend more time at the royal court in
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Lettres historiques, politiques, philosophiques et particulières, depuis 1710 jusqu'en 1736, contenant le secret des négociations de la paix d'Utrecht, beaucoup de détails relatifs à l'histoire, à la philosophie, à la littérature, Volume
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at the end of his
Parisian stay. The club's activities included readings on current affairs, with emphasis on foreign uncensored sources such as Dutch periodicals in French language.
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for its original builder in 1708. The club kept its name even as Alary moved to other apartments where the meetings were subsequently held, including when he lived at the
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The club met every
Saturday, between 5pm and 8pm, at Alary's apartment. It was frequented by about twenty scholars who can be viewed as forerunners of the
223:, which operated from 1712 to 1715 and again from 1717 to 1720 and from which the club's members drew lessons about how best to organize their activities.
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sought to become members but were not included, the former for being a foreigner, and the latter because of his appointment to public office; and that
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acknowledged the club's value and encouraged its work, but eventually decided on its closure in 1731 after it became an object of court controversy.
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as a member is improbable, given his young age at the time of the club's activity and the fact that he spent much of his youth in
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In spite of its
English-sounding name, the inspiration for the club was homegrown. Its roots went back to the
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Both the policy focus and structured research program made the club de l'entresol a precursor of more recent
246:. Its membership was exclusively male and French, though attendees also included women and foreigners, e.g.
133:, who was exiled in Paris and close to Alary in the early 1720s. It ostensibly echoed the English model of
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Nick Childs (2000), "A Political
Academy in Paris 1724–1731: The Entresol and Its Members",
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188:. The Académie du Luxembourg was well known to Alary from the memories of the brothers
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The main source of information about the club's activity is the memoirs written by
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for free discussion of political and economic questions, at a time of widespread
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as not discreet enough, e.g. on the sensitive matter of French attitudes to the
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694:"L'Incrédulité et la pensée anglaise en France au début du dix-huitième siècle"
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The club's name came from the fact that at its inception, Alary lived in the
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was another occasional participant. The mention in some online sources of
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participated in the club's activities and gave there a reading of his
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230:, who was a leading member of the club, together with Alary and the
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Jacques-Claude-Augustin de la Cour, marquis de
Balleroy (1694–1773)
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and of two of Choisy's relatives, the marquis de
Balleroy and the
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Antoine François de La Trémoille, duc de
Noirmoutier (1652–1733)
70:, active from 1723 to 1731, created and primarily led by Abbot
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made a presentation to the club in 1726, at his own request.
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D'Argenson also mentions that Abbot
Franchini, ambassador of
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Louis-Joseph de Goujon de Thuisy, comte d'Autry (1674–1749)
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704:(4), Paris: Presses Universitaires de France: 497–538,
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listed the members of the club in the following order:
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L'abbé de Saint-Pierre: Entre classicisme et Lumières
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given its structured program, and differed from most
156:, a short-lived discussion group led in 1691–1692 by
62:, "Mezzanine Club") was a discussion group and early
839:Political and economic think tanks based in France
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618:
392:François de Riquet, comte de Caraman (1698–1760)
415:François Dominique de Barberie de Saint-Contest
360:Thibaut de La Brousse de Verteillac (1684–1778)
581:Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century
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602:"L'Hôtel de Créqui ou Le Bas de Montargis"
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402:Dominique-Claude Barberie de Saint-Contest
160:whose members included such luminaries as
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526:Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País
698:Revue d'Histoire littéraire de la France
506:Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquess of Torcy
357:Gérard Lévesque de Champeaux (1694–1778)
352:René Louis de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson
311:7 Place Vendôme, where the club was born
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221:Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquess of Torcy
200:. A more recent experience had been the
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34:René Louis de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson
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131:Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke
834:Political history of the Ancien Régime
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449:Louis Davy de la Fautrière (1700–1756)
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16:18th-century discussion group in Paris
674:Henry Saint-John Bolingbroke (1808),
490:Nicolas Prosper Bauyn d'Angervilliers
475:Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre
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44:Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre
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723:"Helvétius Claude-Adrien Schweitzer"
502:dialogue between Sulla and Eucrates
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587:(10), Oxford: Voltaire Foundation
469:Henri Charles Arnauld de Pomponne
421:Christophe-Bernard de Bragelongne
284:instituteur des Enfants de France
824:1731 disestablishments in France
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566:La France des Lumières 1715–1789
564:Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire (2011),
333:François de Franquetot de Coigny
568:, Paris: Belin, p. 112-115
465:Antoine-Robert Pérelle (?-1735)
443:, marquis de Lassay (1652–1738)
434:Armand de Madaillan de Lesparre
281:after he was given the role of
174:Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle
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651:René Louis d'Argenson (1857),
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417:(1701–1754), son of the former
162:François Lefebvre de Caumartin
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819:1723 establishments in France
104:Charles-Jean-François Hénault
767:. You can help Knowledge by
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125:. The adoption of the word
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295:. France's chief minister
293:Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
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619:Jean-Pierre Bois (2017),
112:Hôtel Le Bas de Montargis
59:[klœbdəlɑ̃tʁəsɔl]
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453:Pierre Blouet de Camilly
367:Louis de Bréhan de Plélo
339:Thomas Goyon de Matignon
261:It was more than a mere
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396:Andrew Michael Ramsay
317:René-Louis d'Argenson
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228:René-Louis d'Argenson
178:Barthélemy d'Herbelot
55:French pronunciation:
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814:French history stubs
244:Age of Enlightenment
232:Abbé de Saint-Pierre
380:Bertrand René Pallu
324:Pierre-Joseph Alary
252:Madame de Pompadour
215:established at the
194:Louis de Courcillon
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141:in Paris under the
78:Name and background
72:Pierre-Joseph Alary
24:Pierre-Joseph Alary
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477:(1658–1743)
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430:(1688–1744)
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411:(1668–1730)
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389:(1692–1758)
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376:(1699–1734)
370: [
354:(1694–1757)
348:(1684–1766)
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335:(1670–1759)
326:(1689–1770)
275:think tanks
256:Bolingbroke
254:as well as
207: [
139:Anglophilia
115: [
808:Categories
606:Paristoric
279:Versailles
64:think tank
657:, Paris:
94:) of the
84:mezzanine
710:40520052
520:See also
238:Activity
190:Philippe
92:entresol
486:Tuscany
303:Members
143:Régence
708:
488:, and
217:Louvre
184:, and
88:French
759:This
706:JSTOR
542:Notes
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135:clubs
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106:at 7
68:Paris
765:stub
585:2000
514:Caen
192:and
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