157:
791:" with these words: "In the literature on the rise of modern Sudan, there is a dominance of political analysis and a comparative absence of social and cultural history. Topics such as popular culture, music, dance and clothing have received scant attention from historians. These subjects have mostly been left to anthropologist and others whose research has been in rural areas. Yet such activities are central to the emergence of a common popular culture in the urban centres of the country. This is a culture that springs from the lives of marginal groups, of manual workers, peasants, slaves and women, and from the merging of a great diversity of indigenous and external influences.
462:
peoples. Sudan's traditional societies have diverse linguistic, ethnic, social, cultural, and religious characteristics. And, although improved communications, increased social and economic mobility, and the spread of a money economy have led to a general loosening of the social ties, customs, relationships, and modes of organization in traditional cultures, much from the past still remains intact." Source:
219:
and conditions for appointing teachers and training students severely suffered during this period, with standards of teachers' qualification and for admission of new students falling. Even though the college continued to exist, many young
Sudanese artists had to develop their art in a socially restricted environment and were practically cut off from artistic innovation in the rest of the world.
276:. During the closing ceremony, professor Omer Mohamed Elhassan Darma paid tribute to the fighters and martyrs of the December revolution and said, "the students of the College of Fine and Applied Art played important roles through murals and wall drawings that reflected stories and details of the struggle of revolutionists".
218:
orientation, artists and artistic scenes suffered from a 30-year long period of very difficult political and economic constraints. Among other factors, this was marked by many artists leaving the country, US-imposed sanctions, and the closing of many western embassies in the 1990s. The college budget
206:
In 1978, a modern complex for the college was designed by
Sudanese architects Abdel Moneim Mustafa Ayoub and Omer Salim. It was constructed for approximately 600 students, with spaces for teaching, practical classes, administrative, social and residential facilities, with surrounding open spaces for
164:
After the country's independence in 1956, the first
Sudanese artists trained at the school continued their studies in the United Kingdom, with some of them later becoming teachers at the college. After the School of Design had opened in 1945 and up to the 1970s, an early generation of visual artists
96:
in 1943, and in 1945, a School of Design was established. Jean-Pierre
Greenlaw, a British art teacher, became the first director of this school and became an influential figure in the country's artistic scene. In 1951, the school was moved to the Khartoum Technical Institute, and in 1971, it became
461:
writes: "The key to an understanding of contemporary
Sudanese culture is diversity. Each major ethnic group and historical region has its own special forms of cultural expression. (...) Because of Sudan's great cultural diversity, it is difficult to classify the traditional cultures of the various
252:
of 2018/19, however, the role of artists has been reported more often in international media. Before, during and after the revolution, artists have creatively expressed their views on society and politics, while this expression had been severely limited by the former government of Omar al Bashir.
227:
In the 21st century, the college is still suffering from inadequate budgets and a shortage of teaching materials and staff. Responding to contemporary developments and needs of the society, it strives to embed its teaching of modern art and design technologies in programmes of
70:
art. Despite considerable setbacks caused mainly by the neglect of several governments since the late 1980s, the art school continues into the 21st century and is the place where many of Sudan's modern visual artists have started their artistic education. After the
236:
arts. The different undergraduate courses offer specializations in painting, sculpture, graphic design, calligraphy, drawing, ceramic, textile, interior and industrial design as well as in printing and book binding.
156:
1069:
75:
of 2018/19, the college reformed its curriculum and teaching staff, and is contributing to social and political expressions of the country's artistic movements.
1054:
232:. This includes artistic training for documenting and reflecting social issues such as public health. It also sees itself as a regional resource centre for
1064:
92:, a Department of Arts was introduced in 1930 in the Bakhtalruda Teachers Institute. This was incorporated in the Institute of Education of the former
603:
554:
627:
982:
793:
Sikainga, Ahmad (2012), "A short history of
Sudanese popular music", in Ryle, John; Willis, Justin; Baldo, Suliman; Madut Jok, Jok (eds.),
950:
268:. In September 2021, the Documentation Centre of the college completed a training course for visual documentation in cooperation with the
1049:
261:
98:
48:
971:/ edited by Victor Röhm; photographer Issam Hafiez. Khartoum, Sudan: Dabanga Art & Crafts, 2015. 141 pp. with colour illustr.
191:
becoming internationally known
Sudanese artists. Among other notable Sudanese artists who studied or taught at the college are
510:
336:"Greenlaw's Suakin: The Limits of Architectural Representation and the Continuing Lives of Buildings in Coastal Sudan"
1006:
962:
804:
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112:
in carpentry, architecture, painting, geometry and design. Its aim was to produce teachers for secondary schools and
499:"Imagery and invention: Sudanese at home and in the world. Conversations with Mohamed Omer Bushara and Musa Khalifa"
846:
121:
257:
498:
1059:
1002:
1018:
904:, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A641934029/AONE?u=wikipedia&sid=ebsco&xid=46711c58. Accessed 29 Dec. 2022
872:
787:
The
Sudanese academic Ahmad Sikainga, who teaches at Ohio State University in the US, began his article
458:
1044:
716:"Prof. Saghiroun, Minister of HESR, addresses a workshop on visual documentation of diseases at SUST"
160:
College of Fine and
Applied Art Khartoum, designed by Abdel-Moneim Mustafa Ayoub and Omer Salim 1978
165:
emerged, who incorporated both
African and Islamic art traditions as well as inspiration by western
125:
132:. Until the 1970s, the curriculum comprised classes in western techniques with little interest in
229:
93:
40:
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44:
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since 2019, students of the college exhibited a memorial sculpture representing the slogans
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55:
36:
916:"College of Fine and Applied Arts: A Wonderful Closing to the Visual Documentation Course"
8:
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72:
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started an artistic movement later known as the Khartoum School of Modernist art, with
133:
47:). In 1951, it was incorporated into the Khartoum Technical Institute that became the
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movements in Sudan and their social background have not attracted much analysis by
660:(4th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.
993:
819:
740:
985:, in: Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures, General Editor Suad Joseph.
273:
211:
184:
176:
63:
628:"ACA Archives - Khartoum Polytechnic Complex, College of Fine and Applied Art"
579:"The Khartoum School: The First Sudanese School in Modern Arts - Sudan Memory"
527:"The Khartoum School: The First Sudanese School in Modern Arts - Sudan Memory"
370:
54:
Some of the notable Sudanese artists who studied or taught at the college are
1033:
994:
Living with Colonialism: Nationalism and Culture in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
378:
675:
359:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
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51:(SUST) in 1971, and the school was renamed College of Fine and Applied Art.
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109:
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in the United Kingdom served as members of the evaluation committees and
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896:"Sudan: Fine Arts College Reveals Memorial of the December Revolution."
715:
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310:
241:
233:
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105:
28:
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From the beginning, the school was set up in the tradition of British
555:"Art against the odds: new book showcases Sudan's isolated creatives"
196:
88:
To train art teachers for British-administered public schools of the
67:
691:"A Prestigious Fine Arts College in Sudan Gets Help from Its Alumni"
650:
503:
Images of Enchantment: Visual and Performing Arts of the Middle East
215:
24:
66:, also known internationally as members of the Khartoum School of
799:(digital ed.), London: Rift Valley Institute, p. 243,
435:
Nour, Amir I. M.; Blair, Sheila S.; Bloom, Jonathan M. (2003).
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movements, trying to find their own Sudanese visual identity.
1021:
Report on Sudanese artists as part of the Sudanese Revolution
32:
969:
Contemporary artists of the Sudan: art in times of adversity
714:
Sudan University of Science and Technology (16 March 2021).
764:
997:
Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press.
601:
914:
Sudan University of Science and Technology (2021-09-11).
116:. From 1963 to 1977, professors and teachers from the
505:. American University in Cairo Press. p. 191.
240:As Sudanese academic Ahmad Sikainga wrote in 2012,
820:"In pictures: The art fuelling Sudan's revolution"
741:"College of Fine and Applied Art - Strategic view"
1070:College of Fine and Applied Art (Khartoum) alumni
428:
311:"College of Fine and Applied Arts - Sudan Memory"
1031:
457:In their article on cultural life in Sudan, the
256:As an expression of their participation in the
434:
873:"Africa Sudanese art standing up to military"
1055:Educational institutions established in 1945
870:
847:"How Sudanese art is fueling the revolution"
416:Sudan University for Science and Technology
412:"College of Fine and Applied Art - history"
97:the College of Fine and Applied Art in the
789:"A short history of Sudanese popular music
745:Sudan University of Science and Technology
99:Sudan University of Science and Technology
49:Sudan University of Science and Technology
39:in 1945 as School of Design in the former
1065:1945 establishments in the British Empire
871:Xuereb Seidu, Christine (December 2020).
604:"Visionary Artists / The Khartoum School"
445:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T082205
355:"Review of The Coral Buildings of Suakin"
210:Following the military governments under
1019:How Art Helped Propel Sudan’s Revolution
957:. New York: Routledge, pp. 453–516
844:
792:
352:
155:
83:
552:
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195:, Muhammad Omer Khalil, Musa Khalifa,
108:, offering courses in theoretical and
983:Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Sudan”
548:
546:
151:
35:. Its predecessor was founded by the
406:
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136:: Neither the ancient traditions of
845:Elhassan, Sara (21 February 2019).
13:
1050:Universities and colleges in Sudan
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543:
333:
207:exhibitions and recreational use.
14:
1081:
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765:"College of Fine And Applied Art"
437:Sudan, Democratic Republic of the
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967:Haggar, Lina and Tarneem Saeed.
602:National Museum of African Art.
487:Daum and Diab, 2009, pp. 460-462
122:Central School of Art and Design
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769:College of Fine and Applied Art
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340:Art History Faculty Scholarship
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21:College of Fine and Applied Art
654:; Library of Congress (1992).
553:Elbagir, Yousra (2016-02-18).
519:
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1:
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689:Halawa, Ahmed (2021-11-02).
7:
953:In Hopkins, Peter G. (ed.)
501:. In Sherifa, Zuhur (ed.).
439:. Oxford University Press.
279:
10:
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266:Freedom, Peace and Justice
78:
16:Public art school in Sudan
981:Muhammad, Baqie Badawi, “
371:10.1017/S0041977X00041057
955:Kenana Handbook of Sudan
353:Serjeant, R. B. (1977).
334:Um, Nancy (2011-11-01).
126:Slade School of Fine Art
900:, 15 Nov. 2020, p. NA.
469:Encyclopedia Britannica
465:"Sudan - Cultural life"
459:Encyclopædia Britannica
230:sustainable development
94:Gordon Memorial College
41:Gordon Memorial College
657:Sudan: a country study
161:
45:University of Khartoum
37:British administration
1060:Education in Khartoum
902:Gale Academic OneFile
632:arab-architecture.org
497:Sondra, Hale (1998).
291:Architecture of Sudan
159:
118:Royal College of Arts
84:During colonial times
286:Visual arts of Sudan
189:Kamala Ibrahim Ishaq
138:visual arts in Sudan
90:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
56:Kamala Ibrahim Ishaq
989:Sharkey, Heather J.
951:Modern Art in Sudan
583:www.sudanmemory.org
531:www.sudanmemory.org
315:www.sudanmemory.org
262:military government
250:Sudanese Revolution
148:were taught.
114:vocational training
73:Sudanese Revolution
27:is the only public
796:The Sudan Handbook
272:programme and the
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152:After independence
134:indigenous culture
130:external examiners
652:Helen Chapin Metz
512:978-977-424-467-4
181:Ibrahim El-Salahi
60:Ibrahim El-Salahi
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201:Rashid Diab
193:Hassan Musa
146:Islamic art
106:art schools
43:(later the
1034:Categories
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925:2022-12-29
851:OkayAfrica
774:2022-12-29
750:2022-12-29
700:2023-01-01
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564:2022-12-29
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421:2022-12-29
320:2023-01-01
297:References
242:modern art
214:and their
167:modern art
29:art school
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395:162978896
379:0041-977X
234:Afro-Arab
197:Mo Abarro
68:Modernist
949:(2009).
824:BBC News
676:26501987
280:See also
216:Islamist
124:and the
101:(SUST).
25:Khartoum
991:(2003)
142:African
79:History
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120:, the
882:2 May
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391:S2CID
383:JSTOR
33:Sudan
999:ISBN
973:OCLC
959:ISBN
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832:2021
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672:OCLC
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507:ISBN
375:ISSN
199:and
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62:and
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31:in
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