312:
377:
or sinking, falls overboard, or injuries on deck. CFIVSA regulations require that commercial fishing vessels carry various equipment (e.g., life rafts, radio beacons, and immersion suits) depending on the size of the vessel and the area in which it operates. Not all commercial fishermen follow safety regulations and advice. One study of Maine fishermen found that less than 25% of the fishermen interviewed had recent training in first aid or CPR, only 75% of the boats had survival suits and only 36% had a survival craft. Even the ships that did have the necessary equipment did not consistently have a captain that fully understood how to use the safety equipment.
562:
2167:
282:
31:
1870:
3336:
1863:
3040:
3324:
185:
1856:
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purposes (about 20 million tonnes) was reduced to fishmeal and fish oil (74 percent or 15 million tonnes), while the rest (5 million tonnes) was largely utilized as material for direct feeding in aquaculture and raising of livestock and fur animals, in culture (e.g. fry, fingerlings or small adults for ongrowing), as bait, in pharmaceutical uses and for ornamental purposes.
330:. Falling overboard specifically killed 182 fishermen in the period between 2000 and 2010. This fatality rate is 3 times that of the next most dangerous job in the U.S. and more than 25 times that of the national average across all workers. Most falls overboard went unwitnessed, and in none of the cases documented was the victim wearing a
273:
fishermen. In fact, there was a study taken in 2000 on different deterrents and how effective they are at deterring the target species. The study showed that most auditory deterrents helped prevent whales from being caught while more physical barriers helped prevent birds from getting tangled within the net.
342:
162:
The industry, in 2006, also managed to generate over 185 billion dollars in sales and also provide over two million jobs in the United States, according to an economic report released by NOAA's
Fisheries Service. Commercial fishing may offer an abundance of jobs, but the pay varies from boat to boat,
167:
as saying, "There was always a top boat where the crew members raked in $ 50,000 during the three- to five-day king crab season—or $ 100,000 for the longer snow crab season". That may be true, but there are also the boats who do not do well; Smith said later in the same article that his worst season
75:
The major fishing industries are not only owned by major corporations but by small families as well. In order to adapt to declining fish populations and increased demand, many commercial fishing operations have reduced the sustainability of their harvest by fishing further down the food chain. This
376:
has primary jurisdiction over the safety of the U.S. commercial fishing fleet, enforcing regulations of the U.S. Commercial
Fishing Industry Vessel Safety Act of 1988 (CFIVSA). CFIVSA regulations focus primarily on saving lives after the loss of a vessel and not on preventing vessels from capsizing
175:
Many people working in commercial fishing are self-employed, with some or all of their pay dependent on the proceeds from the sale of the fish caught. In the UK, the technical term for this is share fisherman, which refers to anyone working without an employment contract, on a boat crewed by more
512:
occurs because fish are captured at a faster rate than they can reproduce. Both advanced fishing technologies and increased demand for fish have resulted in overfishing. The Food and
Agricultural Organization has reported that "about 25 percent of the world's captured fish end up thrown overboard
289:
During 2010–2014, 188 commercial fishing fatalities occurred in the United States, with fatality rates in different fishing fleets ranging from 21 to 147 deaths per 100,000 full-time equivalent workers (FTEs), which is many times higher than the fatality rate for all U.S. workers. During 1919 and
272:
Commercial fishing gear is specifically designed and updated to avoid catching certain species of animal that is unwanted or endangered. Billions of dollars are spent each year in researching/developing new techniques to reduce the injury and even death of unwanted marine animals caught by the
153:
In 2016, of the 171 million tonnes of fish caught, about 88 percent or over 151 million tonnes were utilized for direct human consumption. This share has increased significantly in recent decades, as it was 67 percent in the 1960s. In 2016, the greatest part of the 12 percent used for non-food
353:
on deck. The installation of a readily accessible emergency stop switch on the winch can potentially prevent these kinds of injuries. Injury data collection systems have begun tracking fishing-related injuries (fatal and non-fatal), using publicly available reports such as news media.
484:-rich ecosystems which provide habitat for millions of aquatic species such as sponges, star fish, jellyfish, sea turtles, etc. Reef ecosystems are highly sensitive to chemical, temperature, and population changes. There has been an increasing disappearance of large predators such as
513:
because they are caught unintentionally (bycatch), are illegal market species, or are of inferior quality and size" It should not go unnoticed that overfishing has caused more ecological extinction than any other human influence on coastal ecosystems.
171:
The industry has had to adapt through the years in order to keep earning a profit. A study taken on some small family-owned commercial fishing companies showed that they adapted to continue to earn a living but not necessarily make a large profit.
294:
industry alone. These deaths are generally a result of a combination of severe weather conditions, extreme fatigue because any one fisherman usually puts in a 21-hour shift, and dangerous equipment. Commercial fishing has been identified by the
68:. It provides a large quantity of food to many countries around the world, but those who practice it as an industry must often pursue fish far into the ocean under adverse conditions. Large-scale commercial fishing is called
506:, or deadly parasites and viruses that thrive on the filthy environment. These can infect wild fish that swim near the enclosure, or whole colonies of fish if an infected farm fish escapes the enclosure.
401:
cover nearly two thirds of the Earth's surface, and are continuously threatened by human behaviors and practices. By taking so many fish from the seas, humans have managed to remove entire links from the
322:
Between 2000 and 2010, most vessel disasters often were initiated by flooding, vessel instability, and large waves, and that severe weather conditions contributed to a majority of fatal vessel disasters.
502:. There are environmental hazards such as waste, damage to ecosystems, and negative effects on humans. Because they are so densely packed together, the fecal matter that accumulates can create
215:
Fishing methods vary according to the region, the species being fished for, and the technology available to the fishermen. A commercial fishing enterprise may vary from one man with a small
446:
is the industry term for what they consider "unwanted or economically-worthless aquatic animals who are unintentionally caught using destructively indiscriminate fishing methods like
601:
Endter-Wada J, Keenan S (2005). "Adaptations by Long-Term
Commercial Fishing Families in the California Bight: Coping with Changing Coastal Ecological and Social Systems".
335:
1304:
2051:
334:. Several institutions have tried to change the culture surrounding safety on commercial fishing boats, especially around wearing personal flotation devices. The
296:
83:
Commercial fishermen harvest a wide variety of animals. However, a very small number of species support the majority of the world's fisheries; these include
1277:
80:
and researchers, who highlight how further they say that for those reasons, the sustainability of the marine ecosystems could be in danger of collapsing.
1167:
Weichelt B, Gorucu S (June 2019). "Supplemental surveillance: a review of 2015 and 2016 agricultural injury data from news reports on AgInjuryNews.org".
1137:
682:
2798:
1252:
1358:
650:
2949:
2044:
3089:
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2101:
2008:
534:
176:
than one person, and relying for their livelihood at least partly on a share of the profits or gross sales of the fishing boat's catch.
416:) because they are mistakenly caught by vessels searching for fish, and end up getting tossed back into the ocean dead or dying Some
338:
mandates that every fisherman must wear a PFD while on deck of the boat, and other organizations have purchased more wearable PFDs.
192:
Commercial fishing uses many different methods to effectively catch a large variety of species including the use of pole and line,
212:. Sustainability of fisheries is improved by using specific equipment that eliminates or minimizes catching non-targeted species.
2037:
822:"Work-related mortality in the US fishing industry during 2000-2014: New findings based on improved workforce exposure estimates"
474:. Between 1990 and 2008, it was estimated that 8.5 million sea turtles were fatally caught in nets or on longlines as bycatch.
1047:
708:
300:
2535:
1351:
17:
2942:
2823:
2666:
311:
2858:
570:
2883:
2525:
2384:
2013:
150:
together providing a catch of over 22 million metric tons in 1999. Many other species are fished in smaller numbers.
2565:
2515:
785:
Pol M, Carr HA (2000). "Overview of Gear
Developments and Trends in the New England Commercial Fishing Industry".
2843:
1805:
1729:
1344:
386:
2935:
2848:
1331:
651:"New Economic Report Finds Commercial and Recreational Saltwater Fishing Generated More Than Two Million Jobs"
2643:
2545:
1145:
686:
2896:
2747:
2520:
1777:
3094:
2989:
2863:
2702:
2598:
319:
Common causes of fishing-related deaths include vessel disasters, falls overboard, and onboard injuries.
303:(NORA) to identify and provide intervention strategies regarding occupational health and safety issues.
2868:
2833:
2671:
1080:
654:
1239:
1238:
Urbina, Ian. “The Bane of
Unsustainable Fishing.” The Safina Center, The Safina Center, 19 June 2020,
3362:
3317:
3312:
3195:
2818:
2793:
2661:
2530:
544:
413:
392:
331:
3009:
2808:
2773:
2712:
2458:
2412:
2402:
1923:
1684:
990:"CDC - NIOSH Program Portfolio : Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing : Program Description"
3289:
2813:
2505:
520:
is largely caused by plastic-made fishing gear that is wearing down by use, lost or thrown away.
561:
2908:
2752:
2633:
2588:
1985:
1918:
1336:
462:" There are also billions of other animals that are killed in this manner every year such as:
406:. This causes a chain effect, leading to an overall upset of the delicate ecological balance.
2891:
2878:
2778:
2727:
2628:
2560:
2443:
2003:
1980:
1943:
1869:
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1429:
281:
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2873:
2853:
2838:
2828:
2788:
2783:
2608:
2593:
2550:
1434:
911:
Davis ME (2011). "Occupational safety and regulatory compliance in US commercial fishing".
77:
2166:
8:
3019:
2803:
2742:
2732:
2717:
2555:
2427:
2296:
2156:
1970:
1106:
433:
1305:"With Ropes and Nets, Fishing Fleets Contribute Significantly to Microplastic Pollution"
614:
3328:
3215:
3172:
3157:
3071:
2448:
2407:
2141:
2018:
1192:
946:
846:
821:
802:
349:
Onboard injuries often result when a crew member is caught in a line and pulled into a
259:
193:
69:
61:
964:
869:
Roberts SE (January 2010). "Britain's most hazardous occupation: commercial fishing".
345:
NIOSH prototype emergency stop (e-stop) being tested on the purse seiner F/V Lake Bay.
3152:
3056:
3004:
2984:
2707:
2193:
2116:
1184:
1118:
938:
886:
851:
539:
492:, and sharks This makes the reefs more vulnerable to invasion by non-native species.
403:
2927:
1855:
950:
734:
3340:
3200:
3147:
3081:
2364:
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2083:
1196:
1180:
1176:
928:
920:
878:
841:
833:
794:
765:
610:
529:
447:
373:
255:
1081:"The Importance of Occupational Safety and Health: Making for a "Super" Workplace"
1055:
3294:
3114:
2686:
2676:
2359:
2175:
2121:
1975:
1948:
1928:
1836:
1633:
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367:
247:
228:
2369:
2341:
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3268:
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3233:
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3104:
3066:
3029:
2757:
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2417:
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2151:
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2096:
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1963:
1938:
1841:
1826:
1554:
1514:
1449:
1377:
770:
753:
489:
421:
417:
291:
65:
35:
1107:"Commercial fishing fatalities--California, Oregon, and Washington, 2000-2006"
882:
3356:
3119:
2722:
2618:
2613:
2422:
2276:
2266:
2243:
2208:
2126:
2111:
1953:
1831:
1821:
1603:
1598:
1526:
1499:
1444:
631:
574:
517:
498:
is the raising of fish for food in underwater enclosures, otherwise known as
467:
429:
363:
327:
239:
104:
1104:
1021:
3258:
3253:
3238:
3205:
2994:
2681:
2623:
2603:
2575:
2485:
2453:
2331:
2188:
2183:
1933:
1901:
1891:
1795:
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1282:
1188:
1122:
989:
942:
890:
855:
566:
495:
481:
267:
30:
2029:
285:
Trawl fishermen wearing personal flotation devices in a
January 2009 trial
3263:
3190:
3162:
3109:
3024:
2979:
2653:
2540:
2497:
2481:
2394:
2256:
2228:
2223:
2131:
1958:
1911:
1896:
1878:
1581:
1549:
1461:
1424:
1332:
WorldFishingToday.com
Internet site for and about the commercial fishing
509:
503:
499:
463:
235:
224:
220:
209:
201:
1278:"Dumped fishing gear is biggest plastic polluter in ocean, finds report"
1048:"Fishing Research - Northeast Center for Occupational Safety and Health"
163:
season to season. Crab fisherman Cade Smith was quoted in an article by
3185:
2583:
2510:
2374:
2301:
2203:
2198:
1906:
1886:
1800:
1787:
1694:
837:
806:
754:"Fishing Techniques to Reduce the Bycatch of Threatened Marine Animals"
477:
437:
341:
135:. All except these last four provided a worldwide catch of well over a
3039:
315:
San Miguel Rescue - The Coast Guard
Rescued Three Commercial Fishermen
3284:
3248:
3180:
3061:
2638:
2281:
1679:
1666:
1623:
1409:
965:"CDC - NIOSH - NORA Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Sector Council"
933:
485:
471:
459:
251:
205:
2311:
798:
576:
In brief, The State of World
Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2018
3210:
2379:
2321:
2291:
2106:
1646:
1613:
1566:
1561:
1489:
1419:
1394:
451:
425:
197:
100:
58:
1253:"The Threats of Overfishing: Consequences at the Commercial Level"
709:"Share fisherman: Income Tax and National Insurance contributions"
184:
3142:
3124:
3048:
2971:
2962:
2958:
2326:
2306:
2251:
2213:
1767:
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1651:
1608:
1593:
1571:
1534:
1494:
1479:
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1469:
1368:
653:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from
549:
443:
263:
147:
143:
136:
132:
124:
92:
84:
54:
2336:
2261:
2233:
1762:
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1586:
1576:
1399:
1366:
735:"Fisheries - Become MSC certified - Marine Stewardship Council"
409:
128:
116:
112:
290:
2005, 4111 fishermen died in fishing related accidents in the
1772:
1722:
1707:
1656:
1509:
1484:
1404:
454:, which generally target marketable marine creatures such as
436:. This disappearance of sharks has enabled prey animals like
398:
350:
243:
139:
108:
633:
In brief, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2018
1702:
1641:
1504:
1414:
1240:
www.safinacenter.org/blog/the-bane-of-unsustainable-fishing
1105:
Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) (April 2008).
455:
216:
120:
96:
50:
39:
234:
Commercial fishing gears in use today include surrounding
2316:
2271:
1674:
1539:
188:
Major fishing techniques. Bottom trawling is destructive.
88:
1083:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
1028:. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
751:
428:, incentivizing excessive catching of sharks and even
2957:
297:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
2480:
913:
Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health
440:to multiply, which alters the food chain dynamics.
412:are one of the ocean's most threatened groups (see
600:
276:
3354:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1216:"Commercial Fishing | Food Empowerment Project"
569:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (
1210:
1208:
1206:
1166:
306:
2943:
2045:
1352:
1138:"Device makes fishing deck winch less lethal"
1007:
752:Werner T, Kraus S, Read A, Zollett E (2006).
299:(NIOSH) as a priority industry sector in the
565: This article incorporates text from a
516:The global environmental problem of oceanic
3090:List of harvested aquatic animals by weight
3015:Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
2102:List of harvested aquatic animals by weight
2059:
1203:
1111:MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
535:List of harvested aquatic animals by weight
2950:
2936:
2052:
2038:
1359:
1345:
1129:
1302:
1078:
932:
845:
819:
769:
626:
624:
1026:NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topics
906:
904:
902:
900:
676:
674:
672:
340:
310:
280:
183:
29:
1275:
1100:
1098:
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1072:
868:
826:American Journal of Industrial Medicine
784:
596:
594:
592:
14:
3355:
621:
266:, entangling nets, Pole and Line, and
27:Catching seafood for commercial profit
2931:
2479:
2069:
2033:
1340:
1303:Magazine, Smithsonian; Kindy, David.
1135:
910:
897:
669:
380:
301:National Occupational Research Agenda
168:left him with a loss of 500 dollars.
1095:
1069:
589:
326:The most frequent cause of death is
643:
615:10.17730/humo.64.3.0c2uc20ct6mgdmjf
231:processing tons of fish every day.
179:
24:
2070:
1079:Krah J, Unger RL (7 August 2013).
871:Accident Analysis & Prevention
820:Lucas DL, Case SL (January 2018).
680:
242:), seine nets (e.g. beach seine),
25:
3374:
2526:Geothermal energy and aquaculture
2385:Worshipful Company of Fishmongers
1325:
758:Marine Technology Society Journal
3335:
3334:
3322:
3038:
2165:
1868:
1861:
1854:
560:
3323:
1296:
1269:
1245:
1232:
1160:
1040:
982:
957:
862:
387:Environmental impact of fishing
332:personal flotation device (PFD)
2799:Federated States of Micronesia
1276:Laville, Sandra (2019-11-06).
1181:10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042671
813:
778:
745:
727:
701:
685:. Businessweek. Archived from
683:"Worst Jobs with the Best Pay"
277:Occupational health and safety
13:
1:
582:
357:
1136:Welch L (January 30, 2010).
925:10.1080/19338244.2011.564237
571:license statement/permission
157:
49:is the activity of catching
7:
2990:Fish diseases and parasites
2599:Fish diseases and parasites
1022:"Commercial Fishing Safety"
523:
307:Hazards and hazard controls
204:such as seine-netting, and
10:
3379:
2672:Microalgal bacterial flocs
771:10.4031/002533206787353204
555:
390:
384:
361:
336:Alaska Scallop Association
3308:
3277:
3224:
3196:Gathering seafood by hand
3171:
3133:
3080:
3047:
3036:
2970:
2766:
2695:
2652:
2574:
2496:
2492:
2475:
2436:
2393:
2350:
2242:
2174:
2163:
2082:
2078:
2065:
1994:
1877:
1852:
1814:
1786:
1738:
1693:
1665:
1632:
1525:
1460:
1385:
1376:
883:10.1016/j.aap.2009.06.031
545:List of seafood companies
414:list of threatened sharks
393:Fishing down the food web
3010:Individual fishing quota
2536:Integrated multi-trophic
715:. HM Revenue and Customs
2506:Aquaculture engineering
2060:Fishing industry topics
787:Northeastern Naturalist
573:). Text taken from
579:, FAO, FAO.
346:
316:
286:
189:
43:
2444:World fish production
2004:World fish production
1367:Principal commercial
434:unregulated fishermen
344:
314:
284:
227:, to a huge fleet of
196:with multiple lines,
187:
33:
3000:Fisheries management
1309:Smithsonian Magazine
1142:Anchorage Daily News
18:Commercial fisherman
3158:Fishing tournaments
3020:Sustainable fishery
2297:Fish protein powder
1220:www.foodispower.org
689:on October 23, 2006
657:on January 15, 2009
76:raises concern for
42:River in June 2007.
3100:Commercial fishing
3072:History of fishing
2449:Fishing by country
2092:Commercial fishing
2019:Fisheries glossary
2009:Commercial species
1999:Commercial fishing
1387:Large pelagic fish
838:10.1002/ajim.22761
603:Human Organization
381:Environmental risk
347:
317:
287:
190:
70:industrial fishing
47:Commercial fishing
44:
3350:
3349:
3153:Catch and release
3057:Artisanal fishing
3005:Fisheries science
2985:Diversity of fish
2925:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2713:Freshwater prawns
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2194:Fish preservation
2117:Midwater trawling
2027:
2026:
1924:Freshwater prawns
1850:
1849:
1169:Injury Prevention
1148:on March 24, 2010
540:List of canneries
404:marine food chain
221:hand-casting nets
16:(Redirected from
3370:
3363:Fishing industry
3338:
3337:
3326:
3325:
3295:Fishing villages
3234:Artificial flies
3201:Handline fishing
3148:Big-game fishing
3042:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2929:
2928:
2844:Papua New Guinea
2824:Marshall Islands
2494:
2493:
2486:farmed fisheries
2477:
2476:
2365:Shrimp marketing
2287:Fish hydrolysate
2169:
2084:Fishing industry
2080:
2079:
2067:
2066:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2031:
2030:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1440:southern bluefin
1430:Atlantic bluefin
1383:
1382:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1338:
1337:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1249:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1212:
1201:
1200:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1144:. Archived from
1133:
1127:
1126:
1102:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1076:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1054:. Archived from
1052:www.necenter.org
1044:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1018:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
986:
980:
979:
977:
976:
961:
955:
954:
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908:
895:
894:
866:
860:
859:
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817:
811:
810:
782:
776:
775:
773:
749:
743:
742:
731:
725:
724:
722:
720:
705:
699:
698:
696:
694:
678:
667:
666:
664:
662:
647:
641:
640:
638:
628:
619:
618:
598:
564:
530:Fishing industry
374:U.S. Coast Guard
254:and lines (e.g.
180:Methods and gear
78:fishery managers
21:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3304:
3300:Marine habitats
3273:
3244:Bite indicators
3220:
3167:
3129:
3076:
3043:
3034:
2966:
2956:
2926:
2913:
2859:Solomon Islands
2762:
2691:
2677:Photobioreactor
2648:
2570:
2488:
2463:
2432:
2389:
2360:Live fish trade
2346:
2238:
2176:Fish processing
2170:
2161:
2152:Fishing vessels
2122:Bottom trawling
2074:
2061:
2058:
2028:
2023:
1990:
1929:Gilt-head bream
1873:
1867:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1846:
1837:Lobster fishing
1810:
1782:
1734:
1689:
1667:Other wild fish
1661:
1634:Freshwater fish
1628:
1521:
1456:
1435:Pacific bluefin
1372:
1365:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1313:
1311:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1286:
1274:
1270:
1261:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1224:
1222:
1214:
1213:
1204:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1134:
1130:
1103:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1061:
1059:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1031:
1029:
1020:
1019:
1008:
999:
997:
988:
987:
983:
974:
972:
963:
962:
958:
909:
898:
867:
863:
818:
814:
799:10.2307/3858514
783:
779:
750:
746:
733:
732:
728:
718:
716:
707:
706:
702:
692:
690:
681:Miller, Kerry.
679:
670:
660:
658:
649:
648:
644:
636:
630:
629:
622:
599:
590:
585:
558:
526:
490:Nassau groupers
432:practice among
395:
389:
383:
370:
368:Fishing license
362:Main articles:
360:
328:falls overboard
309:
279:
182:
160:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3376:
3366:
3365:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3332:
3320:
3315:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3086:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3067:Fishing vessel
3064:
3059:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3030:Wild fisheries
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2955:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2932:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2888:United States
2886:
2884:United Kingdom
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2546:Antimicrobials
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2516:Best practices
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2490:
2489:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2437:Area fisheries
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2418:English Market
2415:
2410:
2405:
2399:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2354:
2352:Fish marketing
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2219:Salmon cannery
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2097:Fish slaughter
2094:
2088:
2086:
2076:
2075:
2072:Wild fisheries
2063:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2014:Fishing topics
2011:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1883:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1842:Shrimp fishery
1839:
1834:
1829:
1827:Crab fisheries
1824:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1638:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1619:Smelt-whitings
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1555:Alaska pollock
1552:
1547:
1537:
1531:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1371:species groups
1364:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1326:External links
1324:
1321:
1320:
1295:
1268:
1244:
1231:
1202:
1175:(3): 228–235.
1159:
1128:
1094:
1068:
1039:
1006:
981:
956:
896:
861:
812:
793:(4): 329–336.
777:
744:
726:
700:
668:
642:
620:
609:(3): 225–237.
587:
586:
584:
581:
557:
554:
553:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
525:
522:
468:marine mammals
418:Asian cuisines
385:Main article:
382:
379:
359:
356:
308:
305:
292:United Kingdom
278:
275:
262:), lift nets,
181:
178:
159:
156:
142:in 1999, with
66:wild fisheries
64:, mostly from
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3375:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3343:
3342:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3290:Fishing banks
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3041:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2948:
2946:
2941:
2939:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2728:Marine shrimp
2726:
2724:
2723:Hirudiculture
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:Other species
2694:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2644:US hatcheries
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2619:Fish stocking
2617:
2615:
2614:Fish hatchery
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2566:Recirculating
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2531:Inland saline
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Copper alloys
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2454:Fishing banks
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2277:Fish emulsion
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2267:Cod liver oil
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2244:Fish products
2241:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2209:Filleted fish
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:Pair trawling
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2055:
2050:
2048:
2043:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1832:Krill fishery
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1822:Cod fisheries
1820:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1796:Sea cucumbers
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1604:Orange roughy
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1527:Demersal fish
1524:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1310:
1306:
1299:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1272:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1235:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1163:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1124:
1120:
1117:(16): 426–9.
1116:
1112:
1108:
1101:
1099:
1082:
1075:
1073:
1058:on 2020-10-22
1057:
1053:
1049:
1043:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
995:
991:
985:
970:
966:
960:
952:
948:
944:
940:
935:
930:
926:
922:
919:(4): 209–16.
918:
914:
907:
905:
903:
901:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
865:
857:
853:
848:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
816:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
781:
772:
767:
763:
759:
755:
748:
740:
736:
730:
714:
710:
704:
688:
684:
677:
675:
673:
656:
652:
646:
635:
634:
627:
625:
616:
612:
608:
604:
597:
595:
593:
588:
580:
578:
577:
572:
568:
563:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
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3327:
3206:Spearfishing
3099:
2995:Fish farming
2864:South Africa
2748:Sea cucumber
2703:Brine shrimp
2682:Raceway pond
2624:Spawning bed
2604:Fish farming
2576:Fish farming
2413:Maine Avenue
2403:Billingsgate
2395:Fish markets
2370:Chasse-marée
2342:Surströmming
2332:Shrimp paste
2257:Fish as food
2189:Factory ship
2184:Fish factory
2091:
1998:
1954:salmon trout
1312:. Retrieved
1308:
1298:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:The Guardian
1281:
1271:
1260:. Retrieved
1256:
1247:
1234:
1223:. Retrieved
1219:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1146:the original
1141:
1131:
1114:
1110:
1085:. Retrieved
1060:. Retrieved
1056:the original
1051:
1042:
1030:. Retrieved
1025:
998:. Retrieved
996:. 2018-02-28
993:
984:
973:. Retrieved
971:. 2018-03-21
968:
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832:(1): 21–31.
829:
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764:(3): 50–53.
761:
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738:
729:
717:. Retrieved
712:
703:
691:. Retrieved
687:the original
659:. Retrieved
655:the original
645:
639:. FAO. 2018.
632:
606:
602:
575:
567:free content
559:
515:
508:
504:algal blooms
496:Fish farming
494:
482:biodiversity
476:
442:
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396:
371:
348:
325:
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288:
271:
250:), dredges,
248:bottom trawl
238:(e.g. purse
233:
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174:
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161:
152:
82:
74:
46:
45:
36:crab fishing
3191:Fishing net
3163:Fly fishing
3025:Overfishing
2980:Aquaculture
2965:topic areas
2869:South Korea
2849:Philippines
2834:New Zealand
2753:Sea sponges
2654:Algaculture
2541:Mariculture
2498:Aquaculture
2482:Aquaculture
2459:Other areas
2229:Smoked fish
2224:Salted fish
2157:Power block
2132:Gillnetting
1788:Echinoderms
1695:Crustaceans
1462:Forage fish
1257:DUJS Online
994:www.cdc.gov
969:www.cdc.gov
877:(1): 44–9.
739:www.msc.org
510:Overfishing
500:aquaculture
478:Coral reefs
464:sea turtles
34:Commercial
3285:Fish ponds
3186:Fishfinder
3173:Techniques
3135:Recreation
3115:Processing
3095:By country
2819:Madagascar
2794:East Timor
2767:By country
2667:Microalgae
2662:Giant kelp
2584:Broodstock
2511:Aquaponics
2375:Fishmonger
2302:Fish sauce
2204:Dried fish
2199:Slurry ice
2137:Longlining
1801:Sea urchin
1314:2022-05-10
1289:2022-05-10
1262:2015-12-04
1225:2015-12-04
1087:16 January
1062:2019-06-25
1000:2018-04-07
975:2018-04-07
583:References
391:See also:
358:Regulation
260:troll line
202:large nets
59:commercial
53:and other
3278:Locations
3181:Fish trap
3105:Marketing
3062:Fisherman
2972:Fisheries
2959:Fisheries
2809:Indonesia
2774:Australia
2639:Tailwater
2609:Fish feed
2282:Fish meal
1815:Fisheries
1680:Whitebait
1624:Toothfish
1450:yellowfin
1410:Swordfish
934:1912/5114
719:21 August
486:barracuda
472:sea birds
460:swordfish
452:driftnets
448:longlines
422:shark fin
256:long line
225:pot traps
223:or a few
158:Economics
3357:Category
3341:Category
3313:Glossary
3216:Trolling
3211:Trawling
3120:Products
3082:Industry
2814:Kiribati
2743:Scallops
2551:Offshore
2380:Fishwife
2322:Lutefisk
2292:Fish oil
2272:Fish roe
2147:Dredging
2142:Trolling
2107:Trawling
1971:Scallops
1949:Atlantic
1768:Scallops
1740:Molluscs
1647:Sturgeon
1614:Rockfish
1567:flounder
1562:Flatfish
1545:Atlantic
1515:european
1495:Sardines
1490:Menhaden
1445:skipjack
1420:albacore
1395:Mackerel
1189:29386372
1123:18437116
951:29071163
943:22014193
891:19887143
856:28833290
524:See also
426:delicacy
264:gillnets
229:trawlers
198:trawling
194:trolling
148:sardines
133:scallops
101:flounder
3329:Outline
3143:Angling
3125:Seafood
3110:Markets
3049:Fishing
2963:fishing
2909:Vanuatu
2758:Turtles
2738:Oysters
2733:Octopus
2718:Geoduck
2687:Seaweed
2634:Tilapia
2589:Catfish
2561:Raceway
2556:Organic
2428:Tsukiji
2327:Rakfisk
2307:Gravlax
2252:Seafood
2234:Kippers
2214:Gibbing
2127:Seining
1986:Tilapia
1976:Seaweed
1964:chinook
1939:Oysters
1934:Mussels
1919:Catfish
1902:crucian
1892:bighead
1806:more...
1778:more...
1763:Oysters
1758:Octopus
1753:Mussels
1748:Abalone
1730:more...
1713:Lobster
1685:more...
1652:Tilapia
1609:Pollock
1594:Haddock
1572:halibut
1550:Pacific
1535:Catfish
1480:Herring
1475:Capelin
1470:Anchovy
1369:fishery
1197:3371442
1152:11 July
1032:11 July
847:5958543
807:3858514
556:Sources
550:Whaling
444:Bycatch
430:finning
144:herring
137:million
125:lobster
93:anchovy
85:herring
55:seafood
38:at the
3269:Sinker
3226:Tackle
2897:Hawaii
2892:Alaska
2879:Tuvalu
2779:Canada
2629:Salmon
2423:Scania
2408:Fulton
2337:Surimi
2312:Hákarl
2262:Caviar
1981:Shrimp
1944:Salmon
1912:silver
1897:common
1879:Farmed
1723:Prawns
1718:Shrimp
1599:Mullet
1587:turbot
1577:plaice
1425:bigeye
1400:Salmon
1195:
1187:
1121:
949:
941:
889:
854:
844:
805:
713:GOV.UK
693:19 Apr
661:19 Apr
470:, and
420:value
410:Sharks
399:oceans
246:(e.g.
244:trawls
140:tonnes
129:oyster
117:salmon
113:shrimp
105:mullet
62:profit
3318:Index
3259:Lures
2902:Maine
2874:Tonga
2854:Samoa
2839:Palau
2829:Nauru
2789:China
2784:Chile
2708:Coral
2594:Cobia
1907:grass
1773:Squid
1708:Krill
1657:Trout
1510:Sprat
1500:Saury
1485:Ilish
1405:Shark
1193:S2CID
947:S2CID
803:JSTOR
637:(PDF)
424:as a
351:winch
268:traps
252:hooks
240:seine
219:with
206:traps
200:with
109:squid
3254:Line
3249:Hook
3239:Bait
2961:and
2804:Fiji
2484:and
1959:coho
1887:Carp
1703:Crab
1642:Carp
1582:sole
1505:Shad
1415:Tuna
1378:Wild
1185:PMID
1154:2012
1119:PMID
1089:2015
1034:2012
939:PMID
887:PMID
852:PMID
721:2017
695:2012
663:2012
480:are
458:and
456:tuna
450:and
438:rays
397:The
372:The
366:and
258:and
236:nets
217:boat
210:pots
146:and
131:and
121:crab
97:tuna
57:for
51:fish
40:Elbe
3264:Rod
2317:Lox
1675:Eel
1540:Cod
1177:doi
929:hdl
921:doi
879:doi
842:PMC
834:doi
795:doi
766:doi
611:doi
208:or
89:cod
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