31:
83:
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399:. It pursues a policy of 'neutrality' toward the trade unions which in practice amounts to leaving them in the hands of the bureaucrats and corruptionists.... It has lacked vigor and aggressiveness in supporting, inspiring, and leading efforts to organize the masses of unskilled and semi-skilled workers in the basic industries.... It is confused and at times distinctly antagonistic in its attitude toward
199:
stimulate in the existing and potential labor organizations a progressive, realistic, militant labor spirit and activity...." Membership was open to any individual who belonged to a labor or farm organization and was "in agreement with the aims of the association and desirous of actively forwarding its purposes" or members of fully affiliated unions.
229:. That criticism drew an official response from Muste in a July 23, 1929 statement that declared the CPLA was "not a dual union or federation of labor" and criticized the Communist Party for its attempt to form a "disruptive" communist trade union center, which he deemed "totally out of accord with the needs of the workers in America today."
254:; but they have given no promise of leaving anything permanent to them, and they have resorted to a campaign of vituperation and strikebreaking that is not helpful to progress, to say the least. It is only a matter of time until they pass out of the picture, torn asunder by naive doctrinaire differences.
493:
Gradually, the CPLA came to see itself less as a cheerleader for a new independent labor party and more as the kernel of a political party itself. While averring that the CPLA did not contemplate "putting up candidates, etc.", Muste nonetheless announced in 1932 that the group sought "a more closely
505:
The convention will adopt a permanent name and a constitution for this organization of militants. It will determine policies and map out programs for industrial organization in the basic industries, progressive activities in the unions, work among the unemployed, the building of a mass labor party,
480:
The call for a new political party by the CPLA leadership began to grow in 1931, with Muste authoring a lengthy April 1931 article, calling for formation of a new political party. Six necessary characteristics were enumerated by Muste: the new organization must be organized "on a class basis" and
526:
The organization was forthright in its objectives, with Muste declaring that "the CPLA aims to abolish capitalism, not to reform it, and to build a workers' republic and a planned economic system operated by and for the workers." The group remained unwilling to declare itself a political party,
198:
The constitution adopted by the founding conference, referred to as the CPLA's "Organizational Plan", specified that the purpose of the new group was "to carry on research, educational work, and agitation among the workers, both organized and unorganized in industry and agriculture, in order to
510:
No procedure for the systematic selection of delegates was specified but rather "existing political or propagandist groups which are in agreement with CPLA aims and methods are invited to correspond with the NEC in regard to attendance and representation at the convention."
161:, a New York monthly with which he was closely associated. In its February issue, that magazine opined that "honest, militant, progressive elements" in the American labor movement had no worthy option to the conservatism of the AFL and the extreme radicalism of the
481:"out to do away with the present capitalist economy" and upon the "organization of the workers upon the economic field into industrial unions." Furthermore, Muste declared that the new organization needed to offer a "sound view of Soviet Russia", with a demand for
386:
among its ranks, the
National Executive Committee declared its dissatisfaction with both Socialist and Communist Parties in 1931. The Socialist Party was singled out for particular criticism for not having "a clear working class orientation":
494:
knit and disciplined membership than was formerly the case." According to Muste, the CPLA sought to forge cooperative partnerships with other organizations in establishing "a genuinely militant left-wing political group in the United States."
347:. The CPLA also sent speakers into the field to speak to various union gatherings, workers groups, college classes, and public forums. The group also attempted to mobilize unemployed workers by speaking before thousands at New York City's
514:
Delegates attending the convention represented 20 CPLA branches in 8 states as well as representatives of trade unions, purporting to represent 40,000 workers. The gathering voted to replace the CPLA's monthly magazine,
411:
That was a left turn for the organization despite its continued distrust and ideological distance by the
Communist Party USA and its trade union auxiliary. In April 1931, CPLA Chairman Muste declared the Communists'
172:
A new organization was sought to advance a radical agenda for the trade union movement, including the organization of the unorganized into industrial unions; exposure of the conservative, pro-business
195:
A convention call was issued for a gathering to be held over the weekend of May 25 and 26, 1929, in New York City. The gathering was attended by 151 delegates, representing 33 unions in 18 states.
416:
obsession with forming exclusively-communist independent unions and "exercising a minute party dictatorship" over them as "utterly unsuited to such periods as the present and obviously suicidal."
424:
506:
agitation for unity in the
American labor movement, and for building up the CPLA itself as a rallying center for militants who desire to serve in an effective vanguard for American labor.
459:
348:
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Despite having had at least seven educational and political conferences over the first three years of its existence, the CPLA did not hold its "1st
Official Convention" until the
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Little
Brothers of the Big Labor Fakers: Report of a Speech against the Conference for Progressive Labor Action, Made in New Star Casino, New York City on May 10, 1931.
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American
Archive Pilot Project, Illinois Public Media, WILL. Speech of February 9, 1966 — Original resides in the archives of the University of Illinois
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as a labor philosophy, and have no philosophy to offer in its place. Others profess to retain
Marxism but exhibit no militancy in carrying on the
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Although the CPLA was made up of individual members of the AFL, it had no direct membership status in it. Its criticism of the AFL's leader,
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on May 25 and 26, 1929. Those uniting into a common organization at the founding conference included the professional staff and activists of
919:
The Call to Action: 2nd year of CPLA: A Short Review of the Origin, Purposes, and
Activities of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action.
527:
however, with Muste maintaining a union-oriented perspective, asserting that "members will work within existing economic organizations."
154:
unions, was "hostile to genuine workers' education" and a fetter upon the growth of the power and scope of the
American labor movement.
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258:
At the time of its launch, the CPLA was governed by a 26-member
National Executive Committee, which elected Muste as its chairman and
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has not, as a matter of fact, succeeded in winning the confidence of American workers. Some of its exponents have publicly abandoned
320:. The gatherings concentrated discussion on practical matters of labor organization, such as the situation facing organizers in the
967:
20:
407:. It is not out and out Socialist, neither has it yet demonstrated that it can be an effective left-progressive American party.
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473:, in the AFL. The CPLA also maintained a permanent organizer in the field who attempted to organize textile workers in the
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Despite its political aspirations, the CPLA remained focused on the labor movement in 1931 and worked hand in glove with
485:, to recognize the limitations of parliamentary action, and to "be realistic" and to "grow out of the American soil."
225:, and leadership cut both ways, as the Executive Council of that trade union body was quick to denounce the CPLA as a
1428:
431:, the CPLA intensified its effort to assist Howat and his associates with the organization of its own convention in
435:, which began on April 15, 1931. That effort did not succeed in building a lasting "rank and file union", however.
262:
and Carl Holderman as its vice-chairmen. Day-to-day operations were conducted by a pair of Executive Secretaries:
523:. A new set of officers was elected, including Muste as chairman and a 22-member National Executive Committee.
269:
A local unit of the CLPA was known as a "branch". In 1929, branches were formed in 13 cities clustered in the
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Labor's Share in the Late Lamented Prosperity: Analyzing How Much of the Good Things Trickle Down to Labor.
222:
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35:
24:
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Why Unions Go Smash! : Certain Dangerous Trends in American Trade Unionism and What is to be Done.
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371:
270:
238:, reiterated its bitter disappointment with the Communist Party's performance in a June 1929 article:
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173:
93:
The CPLA was established by a group of activists in the trade union movement at a convention held in
251:
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The headquarters for the CPLA were established at 104 Fifth Avenue, New York City, June 15, 1929.
302:
98:
59:
1431:: A.J. Muste on "My Experience in the Labor and Radical Struggles of the Thirties" (mp3 audio)
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National Executive Committee of the CPLA, "Revised Statement of Purpose," quoted in Fine (ed.),
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The Communists, presented with a golden opportunity for service to the workers have miserably
192:; and the development of "a labor party based on the mass organization of industrial workers."
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71:
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New York: National Executive Committee of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action, n.d. .
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New York: National Executive Committee of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action, n.d. .
427:. When Illinois officials of that union decided to return to the old organization, headed by
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New York: National Executive Committee of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1930.
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New York: National Executive Committee of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1930.
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New York: National Executive Committee of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1930.
1109:
Leonard Bright, "CPLA Organizes: Deliberations and Accomplishments of Two Day Conference,"
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534:, had begun, which culminated in December 1933 with the establishment of the new party.
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The CPLA was also active from January to March 1931 in assisting in the organization of
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The CPLA held periodic conferences and educational seminars, including a gathering over
793:
915:
New York: National Executive Committee, Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1930.
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A.J. Muste, Shall Workers Education Perish? Progressives Urged to Accept Challenge,"
871:
The Marion Murder: The Story of the Tragic Day of October 2, 1929: Funeral Addresses.
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339:
that publicized it and its perspectives, and it circulated 50,000 copies of a single
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during its first two years of existence, including such prominent party leaders and
1148:"For Progressive Labor Action: A Sorely-Needed Organization Arrives on the Scene,"
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Muste outlined a program for militant progressive union activists in the pages of
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What is the Conference for Progressive Labor Action? A Statement of Policy.
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19:
This article is about American organization. For Filipino rebel group, see
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Muste, "Do We Need a New Political Party in the United States?" pp. 11-13.
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that was the official organ of the successor, the American Workers Party.
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The primary force behind the new organization was A. J. Muste, a radical
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This cartoon from a CPLA monthly magazine illustrates its view of the
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A.J. Muste, "Do We Need a New Political Party in the United States?"
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The Negro Worker: A Problem of Concern to the Entire Labor Movement.
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and the steelworkers, studies of the development and effects of the
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magazine, a radical monthly; and members of an array of independent
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366:, one of two joint CPLA Executive Secretaries as it formed in 1929
217:, one of two joint CPLA Executive Secretaries as it formed in 1929
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mine fields. CPLA organizers sent to the region included Muste,
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The evolution of the CPLA into its successor organization, the
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and suffering in the world. Muste had come to believe that the
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Why a Labor Party — And the Folly of the Non-Partisan Policy.
146:(AFL), an umbrella organization of more than 100 independent
403:. It is not aggressive and militant in the struggle against
176:
with which conservative AFL leaders collaborated; an end to
439:
54:
American political organization established in May 1929 by
501:
weekend of September 1932. The convention call specified:
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New York: Conference for Progressive Labor Action, n.d. .
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New York: Conference for Progressive Labor Action, n.d. .
886:
New York: Conference for Progressive Labor Action, n.d. .
937:
New York: Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1932.
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New York: Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1929.
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New York: Conference for Progressive Labor Action, 1929.
848:
The official organ of the CPLA was the monthly magazine
994:. New York: Rand School of Social Science, 1930; p. 86.
951:
New York: Conference of Progressive Labor Action, 1932.
101:, a workers' education society; the editorial staff of
1467:
Defunct social democratic parties in the United States
852:, which was succeeded in January 1933 by a newspaper,
632:
Attended by "over 100 CPLA members and sympathizers."
586:
Attended by 150 participants, another 40 turned away.
1122:"CPLA On the Job: Officialdom's Attack by Innuendo,"
898:
Gastonia: A Graphic Chapter in Southern Organization.
844:
became the CPLA's main publication from 1929 to 1933.
465:
In the summer of 1931, the organization also worked
458:. The organization continued to co-operate with the
332:, and the problems facing black and female workers.
70:. It dissolved itself in December 1933 to form the
1384:"The National Executive Committee and Officers,"
1448:
869:Francis J. Gorman; Tom Tippett; and A.J. Muste,
1462:Defunct political parties in the United States
62:. The organization was established to promote
1400:Muste, "The Meaning of the Convention," p. 4.
1371:A.J. Muste, "The Meaning of the Convention,"
1232:The American Labor Year Book, 1932: Volume 13
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1198:The American Labor Year Book, 1931: Volume 12
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992:The American Labor Year Book, 1930: Volume 11
370:Although the CPLA was extremely close to the
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126:trade union movement from his belief in the
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1234:. New York: Rand School Press, 1932; p. 71.
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519:, with a new weekly newspaper to be called
16:American political organization (1929–1933)
1472:1933 disestablishments in New York (state)
1203:
1187:
570:Attended by 151 delegates from 18 states.
1418:New York: Trade Union Unity League, 1931.
1289:
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859:Pamphlets published by the CPLA include:
1391:
1388:, vol. 21, no. 9 (September 1932), p. 5.
1375:, vol. 21, no. 9 (September 1932), p. 3.
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29:
968:League for Independent Political Action
246:. They have aroused the unorganized in
180:in the union movement; active work for
44:Conference for Progressive Labor Action
1449:
1359:, vol. 21, no. 7 (July 1932), pp. 1-2.
1033:, Feb. 1929, reprinted in Feb. (ed.),
1020:, vol. 18, no. 1 (January 1929), p. 5.
1457:Political parties established in 1929
1332:, vol. 20, no. 4 (April 1931), p. 11.
1126:, vol. 18, no. 7 (July 1929), pp. 19.
1100:
425:Reorganized United Mine Workers Union
23:. For the armed forces of China, see
1487:1929 establishments in New York City
1260:, April 1931, quoted in Fine (ed.),
1077:"The Challenge to Progressives," in
1064:"The Challenge to Progressives," in
1051:"The Challenge to Progressives," in
680:
462:after the conclusion of the strike.
130:and its call for the application of
1152:, vol. 18, no. 6 (June 1929), p. 1.
1113:, vol. 18, no. 6 (June 1929), p. 4.
1003:"Labor Militants Launch Campaign,"
232:The official magazine of the CPLA,
165:and its trade union auxiliary, the
21:Cordillera People’s Liberation Army
13:
1317:The American Labor Year Book, 1932
1304:The American Labor Year Book, 1932
1284:The American Labor Year Book, 1932
1262:The American Labor Year Book, 1932
1245:The American Labor Year Book, 1932
1216:The American Labor Year Book, 1931
1182:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1166:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1137:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1095:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1079:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1066:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1053:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
1035:The American Labor Year Book, 1930
14:
1498:
1482:Trade unions in the United States
1422:
1029:"The Challenge to Progressives,"
122:. Muste had become active in the
947:A.J. Muste and Louis F. Budenz,
460:West Virginia Mine Workers Union
349:Free Municipal Employment Bureau
335:The group published a flurry of
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903:Jame Oneal and J.B.S. Hardman,
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66:and to work for reform of the
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10:
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664:"1st Official Convention"
559:Organizational Conference
423:in support of a dissident
372:Socialist Party of America
271:Northeastern United States
18:
550:
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544:
326:United Mine Workers Union
174:National Civic Federation
1438:Marxist Internet Archive
1355:"CPLA Convention Call,"
955:CPLA: Program, Policies.
167:Trade Union Unity League
25:People's Liberation Army
933:Louis F. Budenz (ed.),
896:Jessie Lloyd O'Connor,
606:Second 1930 Conference
575:Educational Conference
99:Brookwood Labor College
60:Brookwood Labor College
942:Ending the Depression.
889:Abram Lincoln Harris,
845:
591:First 1930 Conference
583:Aug. 30–Sept. 2, 1929
532:American Workers Party
508:
483:diplomatic recognition
471:United Textile Workers
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324:, developments in the
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182:unemployment insurance
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72:American Workers Party
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178:racial discrimination
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927:The AF of L in 1931.
672:September 3–5, 1932
629:September 5–7, 1931
467:Paterson, New Jersey
1412:William Z. Foster,
1230:Nathan Fine (ed.),
1196:Nathan Fine (ed.),
990:Nathan Fine (ed.),
935:Labor Age Cartoons.
614:December 6–7, 1930
266:and Israel Mufson.
163:Communist Party USA
64:industrial unionism
1443:archives 1921-1933
846:
645:March 19–20, 1932
599:March 16–17, 1930
368:
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91:
58:, the director of
40:
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940:John C. Kennedy,
884:One Year of CPLA.
814:Nathaniel Spector
753:Abraham Lefkowitz
743:Andrew J. Kennedy
723:Francis J. Gorman
681:Prominent members
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625:Katonah, New York
579:Katonah, New York
456:Katherine Pollack
318:Katonah, New York
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567:May 25–29, 1929
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132:Christian ethics
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949:CPLA at Work.
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784:Israel Mufson
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772:
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657:(date?) 1932
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635:
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619:
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441:
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429:John L. Lewis
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128:social gospel
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78:Establishment
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32:
26:
22:
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1315:Fine (ed.),
1311:
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1302:Fine (ed.),
1283:
1282:Fine (ed.),
1261:
1257:
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1244:
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1231:
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1214:Fine (ed.),
1197:
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1180:Fine (ed.),
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1164:Fine (ed.),
1149:
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1135:Fine (ed.),
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1078:
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934:
926:
924:A.J. Muste,
918:
912:
905:
897:
890:
883:
877:
876:A.J. Muste,
870:
863:
858:
854:Labor Action
853:
849:
847:
839:
831:Publications
758:Algernon Lee
733:Mary Hillyer
713:Justus Ebert
529:
525:
521:Labor Action
520:
516:
513:
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295:Philadelphia
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109:trade unions
102:
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47:
43:
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1429:Archive.org
824:Tom Tippett
799:James Oneal
763:Ludwig Lore
718:Nathan Fine
698:J.M. Budish
545:Convention
538:Conventions
489:Termination
452:Tom Tippett
384:James Oneal
316:in 1930 in
206:Development
138:and reduce
56:A. J. Muste
1451:Categories
974:References
789:A.J. Muste
442:miners in
405:militarism
303:Bridgeport
291:Pittsburgh
227:dual union
152:industrial
87:A.J. Muste
1441:Labor Age
1386:Labor Age
1373:Labor Age
1357:Labor Age
1330:Labor Age
1218:, p. 124.
1184:, pp. 95.
1150:Labor Age
1124:Labor Age
1111:Labor Age
1031:Labor Age
1018:Labor Age
850:Labor Age
841:Labor Age
548:Location
517:Labor Age
499:Labor Day
475:Southeast
433:St. Louis
355:Left turn
343:in 1930,
337:pamphlets
314:Labor Day
307:New Haven
283:Cleveland
235:Labor Age
159:Labor Age
116:clergyman
104:Labor Age
52:left-wing
1319:, p. 74.
1306:, p. 73.
1286:, p. 72.
1264:, p. 72.
1247:, p. 71.
1168:, p. 94.
1139:, p. 57.
1097:, p. 93.
1081:, p. 92.
1068:, p. 91.
1055:, p. 90.
1037:, p. 87.
962:See also
252:Gastonia
124:American
120:pacifist
50:) was a
1407:Sources
393:Marxism
341:leaflet
299:Buffalo
287:Detroit
275:Chicago
248:Passaic
140:poverty
554:Notes
454:, and
382:, and
305:, and
279:Boston
188:, and
551:Date
322:South
148:craft
440:coal
250:and
150:and
48:CPLA
42:The
446:'s
134:to
36:AFL
1453::
1393:^
1364:^
1346:^
1291:^
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1157:^
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981:^
477:.
378:,
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309:.
301:,
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277:,
184:,
169:.
111:.
74:.
46:(
38:.
27:.
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