290:
314:(Calvinist) tradition the consistory is the authority in the local church, generally made up of all the teaching Elders (ministers) and the ruling elders (lay leaders). The consistory then forms the head of individual congregations (or parishes) also in charge of implementing the policies of the synod and/or assembly of which it is part, and providing for church discipline of the church members where necessary. A panel sometimes called the Great Consistory, convoked if considered necessary for special consultations, would include the current consistory and former elders and deacons. Congregations (kerkgemeenten) within the
410:
24:
490:
128:
603:
397:(EPRAL) several parishes form a consistory (consistoire), with the term used for the board and its district alike. As religious statutory law corporations the consistories have legal entity status, holding property of their own and receiving contributions from member parishes. EPRAL consistories are made up and organised like their EPCAAL counterparts (see above). Unlike their EPCAAL counterparts the EPRAL consistories appoint the pastors after proposition by the
186:
1025:
341:
158:, the consistory is a body governing the ecclesiastical affairs in a specific ambit, comprising either all congregations (aka parishes) within a Protestant church body (thus forming a leading body, with executive and /or spiritual competence for a church), or only those in a district organisation (consistorial district;
986:(the former dissolved after the Prussian annexation of its ambit in 1816). It returned to Meissen in 1588 without superiority, then was reranked as Supreme Consistory and relocated to Dresden in 1606. Both remaining consistories, the superior Dresden and the subordinate Leipzig consistories, were merged in the
945:
The consistory, then called "supreme consistory", as
Napoleonic consistories still existed as district organisations of several Protestant congregations (or parishes), was founded in 1814 in Düsseldorf as a governmental entity. In 1816 it moved to Cologne and was restricted in its competence to the
389:
In weekly meetings the consistory examined people accused of misbehaviour. If the charges proved of substance, the consistory had a range of options including referring the person for counselling or, in more severe cases, to the civil courts. "In 1555, excommunication was added to its powers." About
276:
of legal entity status. Each consistory holds property of its own and receives contributions by the member parishes. Each EPCAAL consistory comprises all the pastors active in its district and the double number of laypersons, elected in three year terms by the local church presbyteries, as well as
244:
Consistories, forming executive body of a state church, had often great powers through the authority of the secular government. In history, before separating executive and juridical competences, consistories of
Lutheran state churches with central executive powers, therefore usually consisting of
691:
The designations for the members of consistories alter as to their functions and status as clergy or laymen. In German
Konsistorialrat (consistorial councillor) and Konsistorialassessor (consistorial assessor) are each used to term both. Consistories often had double leadership, one lay and one
385:
to whom were assigned the duty of visiting households and checking upon the conduct of the inhabitants. The members of the consistory, technically a committee of the city government, were elected for one-year terms in the elections in which the city government was reconstituted every year.
390:
one-fifteenth of the entire adult population of the republic was annually summoned before the consistory. As much as Calvin's theology with his emphasis on church discipline, the
Genevan Consistory gave the city-state particular and the Reformed Church of Geneva its unique lifestyle.
105:. The consistories in the French Empire could transact official business with a government in the name of the Protestants and vice versa. Furthermore, the desire for reform among the educated classes demanded the creation of a body vested with authority to render religious decisions.
692:
cleric. The lay leader is often called
Konsistorialpräsident or Konsistorialdirektor (consistorial president or director), by vocation usually a jurisprudent, while the cleric leaders could be termed Generalsuperintendent or just Superintendent (general superintendent or
241:. Although originally an ecclesiastical court of the Saxon Lutheran church, the consistory developed into an administrative body appointed by the sovereign to supervise the church within his state. In other Lutheran states the consistories took similar developments.
101:, when the movement for political emancipation demanded the creation of a representative body, whereas Napoleon's government simultaneously aimed at gaining influence onto the non-Catholic religious bodies. Roman Catholicism in Napoleon's realm was subject to the
119:"In Anglican churches the consistory is the diocesan court, usually presided over by the bishop's chancellor or commissary. It deals with a variety of issues at the diocesan level, and its decisions may be appealed to higher courts in the national church."
277:
some members co-opted by the church executive
Directory (directoire). The consistorial members elect from their midst their executive, the consistorial council (Conseil consistorial) of four members. Consistorial decisions are presented to the
470:
439:) for its administrative office. This consistory was founded in 1543 and underwent a number of alterations of its official naming and functions in compliance with the development of the constitution of the church. Also the
81:
confession. Consistories were either bodies of local churches (mostly in the
Reformed tradition), or parastatal entities, like in the French model, or they were governing bodies as part of the administration of Protestant
454:(EPCAAL) maintains its Supreme Consistory (Consistoire supérieur), functioning as the supreme spiritual body, and 40 regional consistories, established in 1802 but later partially reorganised and renamed. In the Lutheran
547:
245:
jurisprudents and clergy, did also function as courts appointed to regulate ecclesiastical affairs. At times the consistories were parastatal offices in charge of all (Protestant) denominations (e.g. in
954:
in 1816. In 1826, the
Cologne consistory was merged into the one at Coblence, then the Royal Consistory of the Rhine Province. It was moved to Düsseldorf in 1934 and renamed the Regional Church Office (
253:
from 1808 to 1816) in the respective territory. While
Lutheran churches often still did not form legal entities distinct from the state, the consistories turned out to be the oldest body of many modern
170:
160:
20:
designates certain ruling bodies in various churches. The meaning and the scope of functions varies strongly, also along the separating lines of the
Protestant denominations and church bodies.
266:
369:(EPG), he insisted on the creation there of a new disciplinary institution called the Consistory, and drafted the ecclesiastical ordinances that created it himself in November 1541. The
657:
451:
425:
413:
66:
episcopal offices were not staffed any more and the secular government assumed the function of the bishop (summepiscopate, summus episcopus), looked after by the consistories.
86:(Lutheran, Reformed and United Protestant alike). The rather governmental character of the consistory is the reason why the term was given up in many church bodies after the
936:(Hanover State Consistory) assumed the functions of the provincial consistories until 1903 (for Hanover, Ilfeld im Harz, Osnabrück, Stade ) and finally Aurich in 1922.
1061:
455:
209:
323:
976:
227:
642:
429:
478:
394:
998:
552:
532:
189:
971:
The Meissen Consistory for the Meissen Margraviate was founded in 1545. It was relocated to Dresden and renamed the Supreme Consistory (
916:
281:, who may oppose them within a two-month period, and reported to the superior EPCAAL Supreme consistory (Consistoire supérieur).
841:
513:
434:
653:
440:
580:
493:
466:
315:
627:
594:(PEK), after having been established in 1653, then reorganised, moved and renamed several times, was converted into the
271:
447:(Consistoire de l'Eglise Protestante du Luxembourg) use the term consistory for their central administrative offices.
278:
947:
675:
87:
693:
444:
1076:
790:
754:
93:
In countries under French influence the Protestants, Calvinists and Lutherans alike (and the Jews as well, see
1035:
289:
46:
Starting in 1539 the term was used for a body taking over the jurisdiction in marital matters, and later also
1029:
607:
591:
378:
250:
1071:
662:
366:
344:
311:
155:
74:
521:
398:
214:
131:
90:
and the concomitant abolition of the status as state church and the assumption of church independence.
182:, the term consistory is also used to designate the geographical area administered by the consistory.
305:
1040:, web site of the consistory of the Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia
995:
907:
139:
428:(EKBO, a church comprising Lutheran, Reformed and united congregations) uses the term consistory (
981:
705:
265:
form a consistory (consistoire), terming the board and its district alike. The consistories are
1066:
474:
319:
179:
97:), made use of the term in the beginning of the nineteenth century with the enactment of the
951:
224:
94:
409:
8:
328:
911:
802:
23:
489:
370:
349:
59:
469:
the consistory (konsistoorium) is the administrative board of the church. In 2006 the
838:
786:
750:
462:) serves as the chief administrative authority and the executive board of the synod.
102:
63:
47:
975:) for all the Electorate of Saxony in 1580, becoming superior to the Wittenberg and
889:
127:
114:
98:
51:
258:, which developed into independent legal entities in the 18th and 19th centuries.
1043:
1002:
920:
885:
875:, vol. 12, New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911, retrieved on 2 November 2013.
845:
565:
238:
481:
four consistories form district organisations each comprising several parishes.
990:(State Consistory) of Saxony in 1835. In 1933 the State Consistory was renamed
602:
1055:
868:
473:
established a consistory (Консистория) as its central executive body. In the
261:
By the French Organic Articles each time several parishes (paroisses) of the
246:
205:
143:
649:(church office of the Federation of Evangelical Churches in Middle Germany).
520:(Regional Church Council) in 1920. Its administration division was renamed
255:
83:
78:
70:
50:, so that Protestant consistories can be regarded as successors not to the
1048:, web site of the consistory of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland
742:
740:
362:
354:
232:
151:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
962:, Düsseldorf: Archiv der Evangelischen Kirche im Rheinland, 2001, p. I.
612:
220:
185:
35:
759:
717:
477:
the administrative body is termed as consistory (Konsystorz). In the
340:
168:) or in a regional organisation (such as an ecclesiastical province;
647:
Kirchenamt der Föderation Evangelischer Kirchen in Mitteldeutschland
55:
54:
in Rome but rather to the courts of Roman Catholic bishops. In the
749:, J. Gordon Melton (ed.), New York: Facts On File, c2005, p. 162.
300:(consistorial chamber), venue of the Reformed local church elders.
69:
Not all Protestant churches adopted consistories, especially not
1006:
891:
Centrum Informacyjne Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego w Polsce
516:, founded in 1818 was replaced as a decision-taking body by the
337:(consistory, else also called kerkenraad, i.e. church council).
197:
1024:
498:
452:
Protestant Church of Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine
426:
Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia
374:
294:
262:
27:
950:. A separate consistory was founded in Coblence for the new
902:
900:
897:
849:
785:, Hans J. Hillerbrand (ed.), New York: Routledge, 2004,
122:
456:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland
196:, now the office of an oil and gas drilling company in
178:). In the latter two cases, typical in churches with a
606:
Pomeranian Church District Administration, called the
475:
Evangelical Reformed Church in the Republic of Poland
960:
Bestand: Evangelisches Konsistorium der Rheinprovinz
643:
Evangelical Church of the Church Province of Saxony
237:within the then realm of the Ernestine line of the
154:tradition, and derived from that similarly in some
908:"Konsistorium (evangelisch) (19./20. Jahrhundert)"
479:Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine
395:Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine
1053:
1062:Governing assemblies of religious organizations
146:, and again from 1913 to 1945 as the sole user.
471:Evangelical Lutheran Church in European Russia
249:) or even all religions (e.g. in Prussia, see
381:'s payroll plus a dozen lay commissioners or
863:
861:
598:(Pomeranian Deanery Administration) in 2012.
533:Evangelical Lutheran State Church of Hanover
365:was invited to take over supervision of the
686:
548:Evangelical Regional Church in Hesse-Cassel
142:between 1737 and 1826, sharing it with the
878:
858:
851:Institut du Droit Local Alsacien-Mosellan
223:competent for the Lutheran church in the
678:was renamed the Regional Church Office (
601:
488:
408:
339:
288:
184:
126:
22:
484:
322:often call their local church councils
1054:
696:), or provost (Propst, as with EKBO).
514:Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria
458:the Consistory of the Church (Polish:
156:united and uniting Protestant churches
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
654:Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Saxony
441:Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia
404:
123:Usage in Lutheran and united churches
581:Evangelical Church of the Palatinate
467:Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church
316:Protestant Church in the Netherlands
267:religious statutory law corporations
628:Evangelical Church in the Rhineland
208:and his associates established the
13:
812:
587:(regional church council) in 1921.
14:
1088:
1017:
783:The encyclopedia of Protestantism
596:Pommersche Kirchenkreisverwaltung
561:(Regional Church Office) in 1924.
539:(Regional Church Office) in 1924.
284:
256:regional Protestant church bodies
108:
1023:
946:Protestant congregations in the
855:, retrieved on 17 December 2013.
676:Evangelical Church of Westphalia
88:separation of religion and state
1011:, retrieved on 2 December 2013.
965:
923:, retrieved on 2 December 2013.
809:, retrieved on 2 December 2013.
445:Protestant Church of Luxembourg
279:French minister of the Interior
958:) in 1948. Cf. Stefan Flesch,
948:Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
939:
926:
894:, retrieved on 2 December 2013
796:
1:
747:Encyclopedia of Protestantism
658:Saxony Regional Church Office
592:Pomeranian Evangelical Church
251:Evangelical Church in Prussia
194:Posen-West Prussia Consistory
913:Historisches Lexikon Bayerns
839:"Etudes: Cultes protestants"
807:American Heritage Dictionary
73:governed churches, often of
7:
699:
579:), founded in 1818, of the
10:
1093:
672:Evangelisches Konsistorium
639:Evangelisches Konsistorium
624:Evangelisches Konsistorium
318:rooted in the 2004-merged
303:
112:
41:
932:Established in 1866, the
873:The Catholic Encyclopedia
645:was transformed into the
527:The regional consistory (
401:of the concerned parish.
367:Reformed Church of Geneva
353:: Session in the time of
306:Session (Presbyterianism)
711:
687:Designations for members
508:The Supreme Consistory (
494:Palatine Regional Church
1008:Sachsen.de: Archivwesen
706:Millet (Ottoman Empire)
575:The Speyer Consistory (
16:In Protestant usage, a
652:The consistory of the
618:
590:The consistory of the
564:The consistory of the
504:
459:
421:
358:
301:
201:
175:
165:
147:
95:Israelite consistories
58:or Reformed states of
38:
1077:Ecclesiastical courts
886:"Konsystorz Kościoła"
605:
492:
412:
373:consisted of all the
343:
320:Dutch Reformed Church
292:
210:Wittenberg Consistory
188:
180:congregational polity
130:
26:
1032:at Wikimedia Commons
977:Leipzig consistories
952:Lower Rhine Province
583:was replaced by the
522:Munich Church Office
496:Council, called the
485:Consistories renamed
324:consistorial chamber
221:Wittenberg upon Elbe
1072:Church organization
1045:Konsystorz Kościoła
869:"Reformed Churches"
577:Konsistorium Speyer
460:Konsystorz Kościoła
1001:2013-12-03 at the
996:"Oberkonsistorium"
988:Landeskonsistorium
934:Landeskonsistorium
919:2013-01-15 at the
844:2013-06-06 at the
619:
529:Landeskonsistorium
505:
422:
405:Consistories today
371:Genevan Consistory
359:
350:Genevan Consistory
302:
228:Electoral District
202:
166:Konsistorialbezirk
148:
60:imperial immediacy
39:
32:Supreme Consistory
1028:Media related to
430:Berlin Consistory
420:, former building
418:Berlin Consistory
136:Berlin Consistory
103:Concordat of 1801
64:Holy Roman Empire
48:church discipline
1084:
1027:
1012:
992:Landeskirchenamt
985:
973:Oberkonsistorium
969:
963:
956:Landeskirchenamt
943:
937:
930:
924:
904:
895:
882:
876:
867:Nicholas Weber,
865:
856:
835:
810:
800:
794:
780:
757:
744:
680:Landeskirchenamt
670:The consistory (
666:
656:was renamed the
637:The consistory (
632:Landeskirchenamt
622:The consistory (
585:Landeskirchenrat
570:Landeskirchenamt
559:Landeskirchenamt
556:
542:The consistory (
537:Landeskirchenamt
518:Landeskirchenrat
510:Oberkonsistorium
438:
379:Genevan republic
332:
298:Consistoriekamer
275:
236:
218:
173:
163:
115:Consistory court
99:Organic Articles
52:papal consistory
1092:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1052:
1051:
1020:
1015:
1003:Wayback Machine
979:
970:
966:
944:
940:
931:
927:
921:Wayback Machine
905:
898:
883:
879:
866:
859:
846:Wayback Machine
836:
813:
801:
797:
781:
760:
745:
718:
714:
702:
689:
660:
566:Church of Lippe
550:
487:
432:
407:
326:
308:
287:
269:
239:House of Wettin
230:
219:(1539–1816) in
212:
169:
159:
125:
117:
111:
44:
12:
11:
5:
1090:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1050:
1049:
1041:
1033:
1019:
1018:External links
1016:
1014:
1013:
964:
938:
925:
896:
877:
857:
811:
795:
758:
715:
713:
710:
709:
708:
701:
698:
694:superintendent
688:
685:
684:
683:
668:
650:
635:
600:
599:
588:
573:
562:
540:
525:
486:
483:
406:
403:
286:
285:Reformed usage
283:
176:Kirchenprovinz
124:
121:
113:Main article:
110:
109:Anglican usage
107:
84:state churches
43:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1089:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1067:Protestantism
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1000:
997:
993:
989:
983:
978:
974:
968:
961:
957:
953:
949:
942:
935:
929:
922:
918:
915:
914:
909:
903:
901:
893:
892:
887:
881:
874:
870:
864:
862:
854:
852:
847:
843:
840:
834:
832:
830:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
818:
816:
808:
805:(entry), in:
804:
799:
792:
788:
784:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
756:
752:
748:
743:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
716:
707:
704:
703:
697:
695:
681:
677:
673:
669:
664:
659:
655:
651:
648:
644:
640:
636:
633:
629:
625:
621:
620:
616:
614:
609:
604:
597:
593:
589:
586:
582:
578:
574:
571:
567:
563:
560:
554:
549:
545:
541:
538:
534:
530:
526:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:
502:
500:
495:
491:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
450:The Lutheran
448:
446:
442:
436:
431:
427:
419:
415:
411:
402:
400:
396:
391:
387:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
356:
352:
351:
346:
342:
338:
336:
330:
325:
321:
317:
313:
307:
299:
296:
291:
282:
280:
273:
268:
264:
259:
257:
252:
248:
247:Bremen-Verden
242:
240:
234:
229:
226:
222:
216:
211:
207:
206:Martin Luther
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
181:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
153:
145:
144:Kammergericht
141:
140:Collegienhaus
137:
133:
129:
120:
116:
106:
104:
100:
96:
91:
89:
85:
80:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
19:
1044:
1037:Konsistorium
1036:
1030:Consistories
1007:
991:
987:
972:
967:
959:
955:
941:
933:
928:
912:
890:
880:
872:
850:
806:
803:"Consistory"
798:
782:
746:
690:
679:
671:
646:
638:
631:
630:was renamed
623:
611:
595:
584:
576:
569:
568:was renamed
558:
557:was renamed
544:Konsistorium
543:
536:
535:was renamed
528:
517:
509:
497:
464:
449:
423:
417:
393:Also in the
392:
388:
382:
360:
348:
334:
309:
297:
260:
243:
203:
193:
149:
135:
118:
92:
79:Presbyterian
68:
45:
31:
17:
15:
980: [
661: [
551: [
433: [
363:John Calvin
335:consistorie
327: [
270: [
231: [
213: [
138:sat in the
71:collegially
1056:Categories
791:0415924723
755:0816054568
682:) in 1948.
617:until 2012
615:Consistory
613:Greifswald
503:until 1921
501:Consistory
399:presbytery
304:See also:
192:'s former
36:Strasbourg
18:consistory
674:) of the
641:) of the
626:) of the
546:) of the
531:) of the
512:) of the
171:‹See Tfd›
161:‹See Tfd›
999:Archived
917:Archived
842:Archived
700:See also
667:in 1933.
634:in 1948.
572:in 1931.
443:and the
312:Reformed
204:In 1539
174:German:
164:German:
152:Lutheran
75:Reformed
56:Lutheran
465:In the
377:on the
375:pastors
310:In the
150:In the
62:in the
42:History
1005:, on:
994:. Cf.
910:, on:
888:, on:
871:, in:
848:, on:
789:
753:
499:Speyer
383:elders
355:Calvin
295:Dokkum
263:EPCAAL
28:EPCAAL
984:]
853:(IDL)
712:Notes
665:]
555:]
437:]
361:When
331:]
274:]
235:]
225:Saxon
217:]
906:Cf.
884:Cf.
837:Cf.
787:ISBN
751:ISBN
424:The
414:EKBO
293:The
198:Piła
610:'s
608:PEK
416:'s
347:'s
345:EPG
333:or
190:APU
134:'s
132:APU
77:or
34:in
30:'s
1058::
982:de
899:^
860:^
814:^
761:^
719:^
663:de
553:de
435:de
329:nl
272:fr
233:de
215:de
793:.
524:.
357:.
200:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
