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567:. The first European settlers arrived in what is now Cocke County in the early 1780s. Among these settlers were John Gilliland (c. 1725-1798), who settled near the mouth of the Pigeon River, Peter Fine (1753–1826), who established Fine's Ferry at what is now Newport, and a small colony of German immigrants from Pennsylvania, who settled in what became known as the Dutch Bottoms area. Samuel Odell (c. 1750-1789) was probably the first to settle in the Cosby Creek valley.
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850:– Grades 9-12 and its mascot is the "Eagles." The high school has a prominent athletic program, which includes basketball, football, softball, baseball, volleyball, and soccer. Cosby has made the 1A state tournament in both girls' and boys' basketball multiple times and is considered to be one of the top 1A basketball programs in all of Eastern Tennessee.
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Whitson (c. 1740/41-1819) erected a small fort just south of where Cosby Creek empties into the Pigeon River. The fort quickly grew into a small frontier outpost, complementing the fords and ferry to the north. While
Cherokee raids continued, the Cosby area was largely peaceful by the early 19th century.
775:. Other times, locals would drive behind agents' cars, leading to a long tailgate along the road through the valley. Revenue officials could not rely on the residents of Cosby, who shunned intrusion by outside law enforcement. Moonshiners devised various methods for avoiding detection. Smith recalls:
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began to make its way to the
Smokies. Electricity had arrived in the sawmill towns in the 1920s. Still, Cosby lagged behind. Although the Baptist Church Organization established Cosby Academy in 1913, most of Cosby's children received brief instruction in rudimentary schoolhouses. Mary Bell Smith
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On my walks to the country store, I have stood barefoot, watching as the hauler carefully brushed away his tire tracks with pine boughs. Moonshine stills were well concealed within the dark recesses of the mountains, but the smoke still wafted skyward from points all over the green mountains. Not so
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Sermons were long and harrowing. In vivid language, the preacher painted Heaven and Hell, with considerably more emphasis on Hell than upon Heaven. I mentally pictured the Devil as a monstrous red animal with horns and a long tail, who carried a four-pronged pitchfork. For some reason, I believed
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These early encroachments no doubt reduced wildlife numbers and agitated the
Cherokee, who harassed the early settlers by harvesting from their livestock. Fine's brother, Vinet, was killed while chasing a band of Cherokee in 1783. Scalpings were also reported. In response to these attacks, William
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in the early 20th century, demand for the mountaineers' moonshine grew steadily. While many mountain communities were difficult to access, Cosby was connected by road to
Newport and Knoxville, giving it an early advantage. Furthermore, Cosby never managed to attract the tourism dollars that spilled
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Like other
Appalachian communities at the base of the Smokies, Cosby's chief crop was corn. While corn could be grown on relatively steep grades, the soil in Cosby's hilly recesses grew poorer and poorer with every clearing. Eventually, farmers struggled to break even, and in the late 19th century
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The origin of the name "Cosby" is a mystery, although there are two well-established hypotheses. The first centers around an early trapper and distiller in the area named
Jonathan Cosby (sometimes spelled "Cozby"). The second suggests that the creek and valley were named after Dr. James Cozby (c.
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Traditionally, Cosby has been divided into three sections of differing elevation, known simply as "Lower Cosby," "Middle Cosby," and "Upper Cosby." Lower Cosby is the northernmost section, roughly consisting of the area between the mouth of Cosby Creek along the Pigeon River and Jones Cove Road.
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living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.1% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.89.
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Eventually, competition between moonshiners led some to inform on others. Violence often erupted between rival families. The practice of illegally distilling liquor largely declined with the demise of dry laws in various counties around East
Tennessee. While most residents of Cosby were no doubt
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brought in people from all over the country. As many were unaccustomed to the dry laws that were prevalent in
Tennessee at the time, they bought illegally distilled liquor. This pushed the demand in Cosby still higher. Cosby's moonshiners dealt with the sugar shortage brought about by the war by
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The one-room school building was only about thirty by fifty feet and rested on stone pillars about four feet off the ground at the front entrance. Inside a chalk-board stretched across the back wall, and a pot-bellied stove stood near the center of the room. A water bucket, a tin dipper, six
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In the late 19th century, Cosby slowly recovered from the effects of the war. The community benefited to some extent from the railroad stations established at
Newport and Big Creek in 1867 and the 1870s, respectively. In the 1890s, a lumber mill was established at nearby
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As of the census of 2000, there were 5,201 people, 2,091 households, and 1,525 families residing in the Zip Code
Tabulation Area for the zip code (37722) that serves Cosby and a large surrounding area of rural land. The racial makeup of this area was 98.8%
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By 1900, most Cosby residents were either farmers or worked in lumber mills. Some residents supplemented their income by gathering ginseng, evergreens, and moss in the mountains, and some distilled corn liquor. Religion was still of utmost importance.
611:. Like most mountain communities, Cosby was subject to raids throughout the war, especially from Confederate marauders crossing the mountains from North Carolina. A "home guard" camp was eventually established at the mouth of Indian Camp creek.
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The day was mournful for many families when the government bought the Great Smoky Mountains and created a national park. Our friends and acquaintances who had lived there for generations had to find new homes and a new way of life.
596:, who may have made early claims to land along the creek. In any case, the name appears as early as 1838 in the minutes of the Big Pigeon Church in reference to the Bethany Church that had recently been founded along "Cosby Creek."
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survived the Depression due to their hunting skills. Smith remembered her father waking up before sunrise and "returning with several squirrels" for the family breakfast. The pains of the Depression were eased when the
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The explosion of moonshining in the Cosby area would lead to a cat-and-mouse game between law enforcement and moonshiners. The illegal distillers would warn one another of approaching revenue agents by setting off
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easily concealed were the odor of the mash fermenting and the whump, whump, whump of the thump keg. On a rare occasion I saw a still in full operation on Sunday in sight of Caton's Grove Church.
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So notorious did their activities become that I learned when I first went away from home that when I had to give my address as "Cosby," I should be ready to say, "Yes, they make it up there."
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76.2% of the population was 18 years of age or older with 14.4% being 62 years of age or older. The median age was 38.1 years. The population was 48.1% male and 51.9% female.
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parallels US-321 through most of Cosby before splitting off and heading east to the Cosby section of the national park and onward to the Tennessee-North Carolina border.
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Cosby Elementary School – Grades K-8, the elementary school is connected to the high school and has the same address, and share some of the same buildings and cafeteria.
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For much of the first half of the 20th century, Cosby was known to East Tennesseans as "The Moonshine Capital of the World." Of Cosby's moonshiners, Smith recalled:
668:, many of the sawmills, including the Boice Hardwood mill at Hartford, shut down. Most farmers had difficulty selling their crops, and some were forced to turn to
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The deep winding coves and thick forests of the Smokies were the perfect cover for moonshine stills. As liquor supplies were strained with the rise of
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Most church services were held once every month, usually in framed buildings. Mary Bell Smith, who grew up in Cosby in the 1920s, remembered:
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Much of the information listed here regarding the origins of Cosby's name attained via correspondence with Claudia Konker, Ph.D., June 2007.
347:. The population of the Cosby CDP according to the 2020 census was 807. The community has given its name to the northeastern section of the
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areas. Known for its small, mountain town like culture and environment, Cosby has multiple motels, cabins, and country-style restaurants.
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Upper Cosby, most of which is now part of the national park, consists mainly of the area in the vicinity of the Cosby Campground.
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For centuries, lands along the northern rim of the Great Smokies, including Cosby, were used primarily as hunting grounds by the
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526:(20 miles to the west). TN-339, which intersects US-321 near the center of Cosby, connects the valley with Jones Cove and
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taking advantage of a government supplement of sugar to any farmer who kept beehives. According to Appalachian historian
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he lived in the ground and could appear at will. The church had no organ or piano, so we sang without instruments.
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The median income for a household in the area was $ 26,533, and the median income for a family was $ 30,444. The
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The grave of Ella Costner, former Cosby resident and Poet Laureate of the Smokies, near Cosby Campground
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The Cosby community is served by the Cocke County Schools System and the Sevier County Schools System.
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law-abiding citizens, the notoriety the town gained as a moonshine mecca still hangs over it today.
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established a camp at what is now Cosby Creek Campground to construct trails for the newly created
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817:. The community has been known to be a peaceful, country town contrary to its city counterpart,
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for the city was $ 12,992. About 9.2% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the
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Of the 2,091 households, 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were
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821:. Cosby's economy feeds off a lot of tourism, especially off visitors and tourists from the
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is to the south and southwest with the community forming several segments of its boundary.
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is the main road in Cosby, connecting the valley to Newport (10 miles to the north) and
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477:. The community is spread out over a narrow valley that runs from Allen Grove near
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The Cosby Creek Valley, looking southwest from Foothills Parkway (Green Mountain)
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Willard Yarbrough, "Ramp Festival, Seven Peaks, Among Cosby Area Highlights,"
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Cosby, Tennessee
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767:, "beehives sprouted around mountain cabins like weeds in a seedbed."
1534:‡This populated place also portions in an adjacent county or counties
964:"Cosby CDP, Tennessee Demographics and Housing 2020 Decennial Census"
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With the construction of railroads between Newport and Hartford, the
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Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration,
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Over the Misty Blue Hills: The Story of Cocke County, Tennessee
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Cocke County, like much of East Tennessee, was divided between
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in the north to the border of the national park to the south.
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Goodspeed Publishing Company, "The History of Cocke County,"
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before turning east near Allen Grove and emptying into the
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erasers, and a broom completed the educational supplies.
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Cosby Creek, its source on the crest of the Smokies near
1070:(Johnson City: Tennessee Overmountain Press, 1999), 279.
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began to supplement their income by selling moonshine.
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rises over 2,000 feet above Cosby to the northwest and
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Unlike many other Smoky Mountain communities, such as
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Historical marker recalling the site of Whitson's Fort
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Unincorporated communities in Cocke County, Tennessee
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into other park border towns, such as Gatlinburg and
1306:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 53.
1251:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 54.
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1222:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 40.
1209:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 57.
1196:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 25.
1183:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 10.
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Census-designated places in Cocke County, Tennessee
1319:," WBIR.com, May 22, 2007. Retrieved: June 1, 2007.
1170:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 9.
1157:(Boone, N.C.: Minor's Publishing Company, 1979), 2.
621:, adjacent to the Tennessee-North Carolina border.
18:
Census-designated place in Tennessee, United States
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1293:(Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1986).
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1317:Guns, Illegal Liquor Seized In Cocke County Raid
1144:(Newport, Tennessee: Clifton Club, 1970), 60-61.
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473:Cosby is located on the northeast fringe of the
1118:." US GenWeb Project. Retrieved: June 1, 2007.
1057:(Nashville: C. and R. Elder Booksellers, 1972).
1235:(Newport, Tennessee: Clifton Club, 1970), 121.
1131:(Newport, Tennessee: Clifton Club, 1970), 119.
1002:(Newport, Tennessee: Clifton Club, 1970), 117.
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864:Pittman Center Elementary School – Grades PK–8
853:Smoky Mountain Elementary School – Grades PK–8
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1041:(Newport, Tennessee: Clifton Club, 1970), 35.
1015:(Newport, Tennessee: Clifton Club, 1970), 33.
530:to the west. The easternmost segment of the
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861:Jones Cove Elementary School – Grades PK–8
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1584:Communities of the Great Smoky Mountains
1028:(Tacoma: Edwards and Roberts, 1963), 19.
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1579:Unincorporated communities in Tennessee
693:on the other side of English Mountain.
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1026:Descendants of East Tennessee Pioneers
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1589:Census-designated places in Tennessee
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1116:Big Pigeon Church Minutes, 1787-1874
214:5.53 sq mi (14.33 km)
206:5.53 sq mi (14.33 km)
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811:Great Smoky Mountains National Park
683:Great Smoky Mountains National Park
349:Great Smoky Mountains National Park
222:0.00 sq mi (0.00 km)
13:
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1361:Municipalities and communities of
978:"Census of Population and Housing"
491:Great Smoky Mountain National Park
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809:Cosby's economy is fueled by the
538:one quarter mile further south.
435:comprise 0.9% of the population.
1280:(New York: Rinehart, 1955), 243.
1264:(New York: Rinehart, 1955), 242.
1055:Goodspeed's History of Tennessee
902:"ArcGIS REST Services Directory"
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1304:In the Shadow of the White Rock
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1291:Tennessee: A Guide to the State
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904:. United States Census Bureau
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119:Show map of the United States
116:Location in the United States
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795:United States Census Bureau
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672:(see below). Many of the
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1231:Rolfe Godshalk (editor),
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998:Rolfe Godshalk (editor),
883:, lithographer and artist
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1081:Knoxville News-Sentinel
942:"Census Population API"
857:Sevier County Schools:
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408:U.S. Decennial Census
368:Historical population
274: • Summer (
148:35.79500°N 83.24556°W
86:Show map of Tennessee
83:Location in Tennessee
1552:United States portal
248: • Density
1068:Annals of Tennessee
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153:35.79500; -83.24556
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819:Newport, Tennessee
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240: • Total
219: • Water
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848:Cosby High School
815:Foothills Parkway
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590:Revolutionary War
532:Foothills Parkway
451:per capita income
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129:Coordinates:
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982:. Retrieved
980:. Census.gov
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946:. Retrieved
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906:. Retrieved
896:
881:Ken Arensbak
856:
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827:Pigeon Forge
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510:Pigeon River
495:
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455:poverty line
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363:Demographics
337:Cocke County
324:
323:
15:
1471:Allen Grove
1463:communities
1379:County seat
948:October 15,
908:October 15,
740:prohibition
714:Moonshining
691:Douglas Dam
670:moonshining
605:Confederate
594:John Sevier
583:Cosby Creek
528:Sevierville
427:, and 0.2%
151: /
1568:Categories
1491:Bridgeport
888:References
823:Gatlinburg
789:Modern day
702:Sugarlands
698:Cades Cove
685:, and the
655:recalled:
524:Gatlinburg
341:U.S. state
331:(CDP) and
315:feature ID
235:Population
139:83°14′44″W
136:35°47′42″N
51:Cosby area
1530:Footnotes
1476:Baltimore
833:Education
760:Oak Ridge
461:Geography
423:and 0.2%
345:Tennessee
303:FIPS code
291:ZIP codes
257:Time zone
227:Elevation
180:Tennessee
1516:Tom Town
1506:Hartford
813:and the
773:dynamite
745:Townsend
700:and the
619:Hartford
565:Cherokee
307:47-17300
1501:Del Rio
1404:Newport
1386:Newport
1233:Newport
1142:Newport
1129:Newport
1039:Newport
1013:Newport
1000:Newport
984:June 4,
805:Economy
750:During
546:History
479:Newport
339:in the
318:2813075
165:Country
1511:Midway
1481:Boomer
754:, the
373:Census
187:County
1496:Bybee
1461:Other
1451:Cosby
601:Union
540:TN-32
425:Asian
419:, 1%
417:White
327:is a
325:Cosby
296:37722
285:(EDT)
283:UTC-4
262:UTC-5
192:Cocke
175:State
110:Cosby
77:Cosby
40:Cosby
1521:Wasp
1425:Town
1396:City
986:2016
950:2022
910:2022
825:and
603:and
394:2020
382:Note
377:Pop.
313:GNIS
198:Area
1443:CDP
687:TVA
431:.
398:807
343:of
335:in
276:DST
243:807
1570::
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1269:^
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512:.
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387:%±
359:.
1354:e
1347:t
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988:.
966:.
952:.
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504:/
403:—
278:)
268:)
264:(
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