1110:(RPC) against the ban was dismissed by the CAS on 23 August. The court found that the suspension had a basis in the IPC rules and stated that it "was proportionate in the circumstances". The panel noted that it had not decided the rights of individual athletes. In its reasoned decision the panel elaborated on this point, stating that adverse consequences for the athletes represented by the RPC were not a reason to absolve the organisation from its legal responsibilities. The panel dismissed the claim that the IOC decision should have influenced the IPC decision, noting that the organisations have separate charters and rules. As the IPC also acts as an IF the court referred to the case between the RWF and the IWF where CAS upheld a similar suspension.
3943:
140:
917:
1082:), and rule 22.1A, regarding the eligibility of athletes from suspended federations. The panel found that neither rule could be construed as sanctions, and for this and other reasons, they were consistent with the World Anti-Doping Code. The panels commented on the futility of the challenge to the new rule 22.1A, noting that as the rule provided athletes from Russia a new route to participation, a successful challenge would lead to the exclusion of athletes eligible under the rule, not the inclusion of other athletes. The panel decided against evaluating whether the principle of
41:
1231:
found no reason to annul the second paragraph of the IOC decision, which, among other criteria, established that nobody implicated in the McLaren report was eligible for participation at the Games. The panel noted that while the decision establishes a presumption of guilt, this presumption is rebuttable by individual athletes. All three athletes were found to have benefitted from the "Disappearing
Positive Methodology" described in the McLaren report and thus failed to meet the eligibility criteria of the IOC decision. The panels differed as to which
815:
682:
386:
108:
569:
361:
935:
876:
836:
587:
495:
472:
3705:
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values. According to CAS, those abnormal values were not caused by an error in a laboratory, as the athlete asserted, but due to the banned manipulation of the athleteâs blood. The essential difference between ABP judgments and the CAS 2009/A/1912 & 1913 consists in that in the latter case, the athlete's blood data was drawn from a sample the athlete gave at the federations championships and therefore not from data gathered by an official systematic program run by the athlete's union.
776:
605:
2880:
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641:
661:
897:
406:
530:
794:
758:
720:
700:
447:
233:. Starting in 2016, an anti-doping division of CAS judges, who specialize in doping cases at the Olympic Games, replaced the IOC disciplinary commission. These decisions can be appealed to CAS's ad hoc court in the Olympic host city or, if the ad hoc court is no longer available, to the permanent CAS. The inaugural anti-doping division handled eight cases, of which seven were doping cases within its jurisdiction.
738:
4057:
2844:
623:
548:
424:
4081:
2856:
275:, which however ruled against her, recognising a lack of jurisdiction to revisit her case. The Federal Court ruled that CAS met the requirements of a court of arbitration according to German law and that CAS's independence from the parties was secured by the method of selecting arbitrators and the possibility to appeal to the Swiss Federal Tribunal. However, this decision was in turn overturned by the
1141:. Guerrero had tested positive for cocaine after a World Cup qualifier against Argentina after ingesting a tea containing the substance. Guerrero was initially suspended for twelve months, but this was later halved by FIFA's appeal committee. WADA, in turn, appealed to CAS, and they imposed the fourteen-month ban in May 2018, which will cause Guerrero to miss the
1145:. CAS confirmed the existence of an anti-doping rule violation (ADRV) but also accepted that Guerrero was not trying to enhance his performance by ingesting the substance. The panel had considered that the player did bear some fault or negligence, even if it was not significant, and that he could have taken some measures to prevent him from committing the ADRV.
1175:(IWF) anti-doping rules. The panel stated that the findings of the McLaren report constituted "conduct connected with or associated with doping", and found that the IWF had acted within its discretion when it decided that the RWF had brought the sport of weightlifting into disrepute. The panel noted that the re-analysis of doping tests from the
1121:. For 28 athletes, the panel found that the evidence presented by the IOC was not sufficient to establish rule violations. The disqualifications were upheld in the 11 remaining cases, but the ban was limited to the 2018 Games. The panel made clear that its mandate was limited to the individual cases. The case did not affect the status of
1198:(FISA) had correctly applied the eligibility criteria outlined in the IOC decision of 24 July when it denied the entry of 17 athletes. One of the criteria in the IOC decision was that the ROC could not enter athletes that had previously served a doping ban. The CAS panel deciding the case involving the rowers
991:
It is noteworthy that CAS had already issued an award suspending an athlete based on the longitudinal profiling of the biological markers before the adoption of the ABP by the IFs : in CAS 2009/A/1912 & 1913 , the Panel suspended an
Olympic athlete after the biological data showed irregular blood
1265:
levels within two years of the issuance of the interim award. This deadline was extended by two months by the CAS after an agreement between the parties. In
January 2018 the CAS suspended the case for six months, asking the IAAF to clarify whether it intended to replace the disputed regulations with
1230:
the panels dismissed the applications, upholding the part of the IOC decision of 24 July that removed the presumption of innocence from
Russian athletes. Balandin challenged the legality of the IOC decision, while Podolskaya and Dyachenko only challenged its application. The panel in Balandin's case
244:. As of March 2012, there have been seven successful appeals. Six of the upheld appeals were procedural in nature. Overruling a CAS decision on the case's merits is extremely rare. It occurred in 2012 for the first time in more than 20 years when the Federal Supreme Court overturned the case of
1206:
found this criterion unenforceable, and ordered FISA to evaluate the athletes according to the remaining criteria. The panel referred to previous decisions on the "Osaka rule" and the BOA by-law. The panel compared the IOC decision with the IAAF decision on
Russian athletes, and noted that the IOC,
321:
In response, the CAS underwent reforms to make itself more independent of the IOC, both organizationally and financially. The most significant change resulting from this reform was the creation of an "International
Council of Arbitration for Sport" (ICAS) to look after the running and financing of
1125:
participating in PyeongChang. The IOC expressed its regret with the decision regarding the 28 athletes whose appeals were fully upheld, stating that the level of proof required was inconsistent with earlier CAS decisions. The IOC also stated that the sanctions being lifted were not a sufficient
1324:
and Club
Licensing regulations. The ban was rescinded by CAS on 13 July 2020 after the panel decided that the club 'did not disguise equity funding as sponsorship contributions'. However, the club was fined 10 million Euros for failing to co-operate with UEFA investigatory chamber in the first
1086:
applies to sporting disputes, as it found the claims, in this case, would have failed. At the same time, in a separate decision, the panel rejected the appeals of 67 Russian athletes against the decisions of the IAAF denying their applications to appear as "neutral athletes" at the 2016 Summer
213:
Generally speaking, a dispute may be submitted to the CAS only if an arbitration agreement between the parties specifies recourse to the CAS. However, according to rule 61 of the
Olympic Charter, all disputes in connection with the Olympic Games can only be submitted to CAS, and all Olympic
1046:
violated the World Anti-Doping Code. The "Osaka rule" therein had prevented athletes suspended for at least six months for anti-doping rule violations from competing at the
Olympic Games following the suspension's expiration. The court later reaffirmed this decision, when it struck down a
325:
As of 2022, 9695 cases had been submitted to CAS since 1986. Ordinary and ad hoc cases were first accepted in 1995, mediation cases in 1999, and anti-doping cases in 2016. As of August 2024, there are 422 CAS Arbitrators around the world, with 216 from Europe, and 52 Mediators.
1016:"The Panel is aware of the impact its decision will have on a fine, young, elite athlete. It finds, in balancing the interests of Miss Raducan with the commitment of the Olympic Movement to drug-free sport, the Anti-Doping Code must be enforced without compromise."
205:) was established simultaneously, and a single president presides over both bodies. The ICAS, which has a membership of 20 individuals, is responsible for the financing of and financial reporting by the CAS, and it appoints the Director-General of the CAS.
1285:, however, Gibraltar was overwhelmingly rejected in a vote due to lobbying from Spain, in defiance of the CAS ruling. Gibraltar subsequently became a member of UEFA in 2013. In May 2016, CAS partially upheld Gibraltar's appeal against a decision by
240:. Appeals of arbitration decisions are generally not successful, and no evaluation of the merits takes place, with the evaluation mainly based on whether procedural requirements have been met, and whether the award is incompatible with
1685:
1512:
1154:
The ad hoc court for the 2016 Olympics had registered 18 cases by 3 August, surpassing the record two days before the
Opening Ceremony. 11 of the cases were related to the various bans on Russian athletes related to the
1266:
new rules which would not affect Chand's events. If the IAAF were to modify its rules the case would terminate. The original regulations remain suspended. In 2019, the CAS upheld the new IAAF regulations regarding
1091:
was the only Russian athlete cleared by both the IAAF and the IOC. However, the IAAF declared her ineligible on 12 August based on new information. On 15 August, the CAS ad hoc court upheld Klishina's appeal.
1289:
denying membership. The court did not grant FIFA membership but ruled that FIFA should grant a full membership as soon as possible. Gibraltar was granted membership at the FIFA Congress held later the same
1593:
2535:
1009:. This was a controversial anti-doping case, where it was fairly clear the athlete received cold and flu tablets from her doctor. This resulted in a positive urine test, with the court concluding:
1309:) from selecting Northern Irish-born players who had no blood link to the Republic. The CAS ruled in favour of the FAI and FIFA by confirming that they were correctly applying the regulations.
1682:
1257:. The regulations stated that athletes with testosterone levels above 10 nmol/L were not allowed to compete in the female category. The regulations were challenged by Indian sprinter
2594:
1078:, or refuse their participation entirely. The claimants disputed the validity and enforceability of IAAF Competition rule 22.1(a), regarding the suspension of the national federation (
1187:
and stated that this indicated a centralized doping programme. Furthermore, the panel commented that the positive tests for Turinabol were consistent with the evidence provided by Dr
1168:
1126:
reason for inviting the 28 athletes to compete at the 2018 Games. The IOC said it would consider its options after receiving the reasoned decision. In response to the ruling by CAS,
1509:
1489:
4122:
2510:
1051:(BOA) preventing the selection of athletes sanctioned for doping. Both the IOC and BOA have responded by campaigning for adding a similar rule to the World Anti-Doping Code.
1336:
from football-related activity for six years. CAS lowered the ban to four years. Platini's appeals to Swiss courts and the European Court of Human Rights were unsuccessful.
2321:
1461:
3355:
1199:
1623:
3073:
3068:
2035:
1705:
2281:
2220:
1122:
1075:
4107:
1270:
athletes, which require athletes with certain specific intersex conditions to reduce their testosterone in order to participate in certain women's competitions.
3160:
2150:
1722:"Bundesverfassungsgericht - Entscheidungen - Erfolgreiche Verfassungsbeschwerde wegen mangelhafter AbwĂ€gung bei PrĂŒfung der ZulĂ€ssigkeit einer Schiedsklausel"
2568:
1991:
2444:
2341:
1656:
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1203:
2301:
4132:
2080:
2015:
3150:
2361:
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1227:
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was not a party to the case, the panel found it lacked jurisdiction to decide on whether the IOC could allow such cleared athletes to represent
2125:
1851:
1779:
1568:
1552:
1117:. The athletes were also given lifetime bans from future editions of the games. CAS registered 42 appeals, of which 39 were decided before the
3348:
3167:
2477:
2406:
1737:
1445:
2745:
2426:
1969:
1924:
1905:
1721:
1486:
3035:
1804:
2821:
1885:
1569:"The Landmark Matuzalem Case And Its Consequences On The FIFA Regulations - Sport - Media, Telecoms, IT, Entertainment - Switzerland"
1410:
984:
regarding the institution of the ABP program, CAS Counsel Despina Mavromati differentiated between the two types of cases and wrote:
4127:
3387:
3220:
3215:
3006:
2978:
1207:
unlike the IAAF, had left athletes with a previous doping conviction without any path to participation, contravening principles of
1035:. In CAS 2010/A/2090, the CAS Panel explained that the reason for this is not a matter of jurisdiction but arbitral self-restraint.
215:
2619:
3382:
3343:
3295:
3078:
3030:
2912:
276:
2318:
3394:
2052:
1172:
1426:
3207:
3198:
2814:
1163:. By the end of the Games the total number of cases was 28, 16 of which were related to the eligibility of Russian athletes.
1099:
1261:. The panel ordered the IAAF to file scientific evidence regarding the connection between athletic performance and elevated
1137:
In 2018, the World Anti-Doping Agency appealed to the CAS after FIFA reduced a suspension of Peruvian national team captain
311:
237:
87:
3942:
2032:
1249:, the CAS issued an interim arbitral award suspending the regulations used by the IAAF to determine whether athletes with
3013:
2620:"IAAF publishes briefing notes and Q&A on Female Eligibility Regulations | PRESS-RELEASE | World Athletics"
1702:
272:
260:. For example, the ECHR found CAS and the Federal Supreme Court discriminated against and violated the privacy of runner
2278:
1320:'s decision to ban the club from European competitions for two years and to fine it âŹ30,000,000 for alleged breaches of
3001:
1095:
1071:
560:
353:
123:
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3360:
3260:
3095:
2143:
1427:
Twenty-Five Years of the Court of Arbitration for Sport: A Look in the Rear-View Mirror, 20 Marq. Sports L. Rev. 305
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3108:
3023:
3040:
2955:
2676:
1403:
1302:
1195:
1005:
292:
70:
4112:
2561:
2144:"The Court of Arbitration for Sports (CAS) issues its decision in the matter of 39 Russian athletes v/ the IOC"
1683:
German Federal Tribunal rejects Claudia Pechsteinâs claim for damages against International Skating Union (ISU)
1274:
1079:
257:
4072:
3377:
3188:
1988:
1219:
2451:
2338:
1529:
3155:
3120:
2298:
1107:
3370:
3227:
2905:
2077:
2008:
1048:
2358:
1828:
1754:
1357:
3979:
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3958:
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3060:
3018:
2834:
1462:
The Supervisory Role of the Court of Arbitration for Sport in Regulating the International Sport System
1294:
1246:
226:
2651:
3307:
3083:
1379:
1055:
2122:
1847:
1594:"Why Does Jordan Chiles Have to Appeal to the Swiss Federal Tribunal to Keep Olympics Bronze Medal?"
1548:
3704:
3317:
1438:
222:
2484:
3460:
2403:
1734:
1103:
750:
256:, a Chinese swimmer accused of doping. CAS decisions can be the subject of further appeal to the
1442:
3445:
3183:
3137:
3115:
3103:
2898:
2738:
2423:
1966:
1921:
1902:
296:
271:, who was unsuccessful in lifting a doping-related suspension in her CAS case, appealed to the
2319:
Rowing: The Appeal of Anastasia Karabelshikova and Ivan Podshivalov is partially upheld by CAS
1882:
BOC & BTC & MĂĄrcio W. Ferreira v/ WTF & COM & FMT & Damian A.Villa Valadez
139:
3465:
2725:
2198:
1901:
Aino-Kaisa Saarinen; Finnish Ski Association (FSA) v. Fédération Internationale de Ski (FIS)
1156:
1879:
299:
to deal with disputes arising during the Olympics. It was established as part of the IOC in
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3600:
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3531:
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3509:
3504:
3499:
3490:
3300:
3290:
2973:
1313:
1254:
1180:
1176:
1118:
1114:
1059:
1039:
827:
464:
174:) is an international body established in 1984 to settle disputes related to sport through
1407:
8:
4117:
3892:
2996:
2225:
1321:
1306:
1223:
1142:
1127:
1027:, though it may do so in cases where there is clear evidence that the officials acted in
960:
288:
191:
1113:
In late 2017, the IOC disqualified a large number of Russian athletes' results from the
3438:
2884:
2739:"Irish Football Association v/ Football Association of Ireland, Daniel Kearns and FIFA"
1188:
1131:
314:, challenging CAS impartiality. The Swiss court ruled that the CAS was a true court of
249:
107:
2097:
1989:
CAS rejects the claims/appeal of the Russian Olympic Committee and 68 Russian athletes
1001:
40:
4033:
2756:
2230:
2175:
1631:
1232:
977:
968:
964:
888:
398:
268:
980:
had been decided (2009/A/1912 & 1913) on similar grounds. Writing in the 2011/2
3455:
3410:
2968:
2825:
1298:
1250:
712:
2777:"Manchester City overturn two-year ban from European competition on appeal to Cas"
2511:"Dutee Chand, Female Sprinter With High Testosterone Level, Wins Right to Compete"
2132:(The sections referred to are from paragraph 79 onwards). Accessed 31 August 2016.
1940:
3282:
3237:
3193:
3125:
3045:
2963:
2848:
2430:
2410:
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2345:
2325:
2305:
2285:
2129:
2084:
2039:
2019:
1995:
1973:
1928:
1909:
1889:
1855:
1741:
1709:
1689:
1556:
1536:
1516:
1493:
1449:
1414:
1208:
1043:
806:
236:
As a Swiss arbitration organization, decisions of the CAS can be appealed to the
230:
163:
82:
74:
2776:
2255:
2033:
Athletics: The application filed by Darya Klishina (Russia) is upheld by the CAS
3428:
3322:
3277:
3272:
2933:
2633:
2379:"Rio Olympics 2016: Russia's Yulia Efimova beaten to gold by Lilly King of USA"
1333:
1160:
1138:
1088:
781:
673:
378:
300:
261:
2701:
2378:
891:, ICAS Vice President and Deputy President of the Appeals Arbitration Division
732:
Prof. Giulio Napolitano, Deputy President of the Ordinary Arbitration Division
4101:
3433:
3418:
3327:
3245:
2988:
2921:
2860:
2234:
1635:
1624:"Michel Platini's appeal over ban rejected by European court of human rights"
1282:
1212:
1032:
868:
820:
687:
653:
391:
241:
183:
2595:"Advantage Dutee Chand as CAS suspends world athletics body's gender policy"
1211:. The same conclusion was shortly thereafter reached in the case of swimmer
4021:
3265:
3255:
3145:
3050:
2562:"The application of the IAAF hyperandrogenism regulations remain suspended"
2536:"Dutee Chand to run in World Championships, gets favourable order from CAS"
2221:"Opinion | In the latest chapter of the doping scandal, Russia gets a pass"
2176:"Winter Olympics 2018: Court overturns life bans given to Russian athletes"
1510:
Report on the activities of the CAS Divisions at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games
1262:
848:
1657:"European rights court to make final decision on Olympic champion Semenya"
1281:, forcing the organisation to hand it provisional membership. At the next
1134:, stated that the ruling made a "mockery" of the sanctions against Russia.
245:
4002:
3450:
3423:
3312:
1258:
940:
881:
841:
610:
592:
500:
477:
315:
218:(IF) have recognised the jurisdiction of CAS for at least some disputes.
175:
148:
2872:
909:
646:
225:, all signatories, including all Olympic international federations and
2053:"Russia's sole athlete Darya Klishina cleared to compete after appeal"
318:
but drew attention to the numerous links between the CAS and the IOC.
2677:"CAS tells Fifa to reconsider Gibraltar's membership 'without delay'"
1983:
1981:
1184:
1066:
under the new competition rules regarding "neutral athletes". As the
1028:
574:
366:
2867:
3250:
2940:
2702:"Fifa: Kosovo and Gibraltar become members of world governing body"
2652:"Gibraltar have failed in their attempt to become a member of Uefa"
1267:
1083:
253:
179:
144:
59:
2078:
CAS dismisses the appeal filed by the Russian Paralympic Committee
1978:
1024:
902:
666:
411:
2890:
2279:
Media Release: 18 cases registered â Status as of 3 August 2016
2196:
2141:
861:
799:
763:
725:
705:
535:
452:
187:
1183:
had found nine cases of Russian athletes testing positive for
1235:
they required for the athletes' rebuttal of this presumption.
1106:
due to the findings of the McLaren report. The appeal of the
922:
743:
628:
553:
429:
1487:
Arbitration Rules Applicable to the CAS Anti-doping division
971:, for two years based on evidence from their blood profiles.
190:, and Lausanne. Temporary courts are established in current
2807:
1329:
1317:
1286:
1278:
1063:
98:
2559:
2475:
2442:
1171:
against its complete suspension under article 12.4 of the
1167:
On 3 August, the ad hoc court dismissed the appeal of the
2098:"Rio Paralympics 2016: Russia banned after losing appeal"
1941:"London 2012: Dwain Chambers eligible after court ruling"
1067:
1829:
Court Upholds Cyclist's Ban Based on Biological Passport
1325:
instance which breached UEFA Club Licensing Regulations.
1301:) took its case to CAS after FIFA failed to prevent the
694:
Carole Malinvaud, President of the CAS Ordinary Division
4123:
International sports organisations based in Switzerland
1703:
English translation of German Federal Tribunal decision
1058:(ROC) could not enter track and field athletes for the
1215:, who subsequently competed and medalled at the Games.
2832:
1194:
A separate panel of the ad hoc court found that the
1149:
252:. In 2020, the Supreme Court overturned the case of
2197:International Olympic Committee (1 February 2018).
2142:Court of Arbitration for Sports (1 February 2018).
581:Ivo Eusebio, President of the Anti-Doping Division
279:, which ordered a re-trial that is still pending.
948:
310:was decided by the CAS, and then appealed to the
4099:
2445:"CAS suspends IAAF Hyperandrogenism Regulations"
2273:
2271:
2269:
1744:(Gundel v La Fédération Equestre Internationale)
1358:"History of the Court of Arbitration for Sport"
1245:In July 2015, in a case involving the issue of
830:, President of the Appeals Arbitration Division
308:Gundel v. La Fédération Equestre Internationale
16:International arbitral body for sports disputes
4108:International arbitration courts and tribunals
1869:, by Glenn M. Wong, Fourth Edition, Note 5.3.9
1842:
1840:
1277:had valid grounds for its application to join
963:(ABP) when it suspended two Italian cyclists,
809:, Deputy President of the Anti-Doping Division
322:the CAS, thereby taking the place of the IOC.
229:, have recognised the jurisdiction of CAS for
199:International Council of Arbitration for Sport
2906:
2266:
959:In March 2011, CAS decided its first case on
485:Non-Member Secretary and CAS Director General
182:, Switzerland and its courts are located in
2761:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2736:
1837:
208:
2913:
2899:
1549:Appeals against Arbitral Awards by the CAS
1399:
1397:
106:
4026:
2634:"Semenya loses appeal against IAAF rules"
1504:
1502:
1474:CAS to take over doping cases at Olympics
1352:
1350:
1253:were eligible to compete in professional
1038:In October 2011, in a case affecting the
508:
460:President of Appeals Arbitration Division
248:, a Brazilian football player accused of
4133:Sports organizations established in 1984
1780:"List of CAS Arbitrators by Nationality"
1617:
1615:
1042:, the court declared that a part of the
138:
3891:
1848:The Athlete Biological Passport Program
1460:Hilary Findlay and Marcus F. Mazzucco:
1394:
1340:
999:In 2001, the court decided the case of
542:Antonio F. Arimany, ICAS Vice President
291:, the body was originally conceived by
277:Federal Constitutional Court of Germany
4100:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4010:
2508:
2218:
1805:"List of CAS Mediators by Nationality"
1499:
1380:"Code : Statutes of ICAS and CAS"
1347:
1173:International Weightlifting Federation
3890:
3482:
2894:
1621:
1612:
1303:Football Association of Ireland (FAI)
1157:allegations of state-sponsored doping
1054:In July 2016, CAS confirmed that the
258:European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
4080:
3014:Medal table leaders by Olympic Games
2751:from the original on 18 August 2016.
2574:from the original on 21 January 2018
2156:from the original on 1 February 2018
312:Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland
238:Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland
88:Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland
4007:
3995:
2256:"Peru's Guerrero to miss World Cup"
1372:
1023:The court is reluctant to overturn
929:Mattieu Reeb, Non-Member Secretary
273:Federal Court of Justice of Germany
13:
1096:International Paralympic Committee
1062:, except for those cleared by the
976:Prior to that, the case of skater
437:President of CAS Ordinary Division
14:
4144:
3483:
3461:1906 Intercalated Games
2920:
2799:
2592:
2007:Court of Arbitration for Sports:
1150:2016 Summer Olympics ad hoc court
221:Through compliance with the 2009
4079:
4068:
4067:
4055:
3941:
3703:
3344:Art competitions at the Olympics
3161:lighters of the Olympic cauldron
2979:International sports federations
2878:
2866:
2854:
2842:
2822:"Where do athletes go to court?"
2560:Court of Arbitration for Sport.
2476:Court of Arbitration for Sport.
2443:Court of Arbitration for Sport.
2422:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2402:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2357:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2337:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2317:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2297:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2277:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2121:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2076:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
2031:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
1987:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
1878:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
1528:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
1508:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
1485:Court of Arbitration for Sport:
1382:. Court of Arbitration for Sport
1360:. Court of Arbitration for Sport
1316:lodged an appeal to CAS against
1295:Irish Football Association (IFA)
1169:Russian Weightlifting Federation
933:
915:
895:
874:
854:
834:
813:
792:
774:
756:
736:
718:
698:
680:
659:
639:
621:
603:
585:
567:
546:
528:
493:
470:
445:
422:
404:
384:
359:
39:
4128:Organisations based in Lausanne
2769:
2730:
2719:
2694:
2669:
2644:
2626:
2612:
2586:
2553:
2528:
2502:
2478:"Chand v. IAAF - Interim award"
2469:
2436:
2416:
2396:
2371:
2351:
2331:
2311:
2291:
2248:
2219:Walden, Jim (5 February 2018).
2212:
2199:"IOC Statement on CAS decision"
2190:
2168:
2135:
2115:
2090:
2070:
2045:
2025:
2001:
1959:
1933:
1914:
1895:
1872:
1860:
1822:
1797:
1772:
1747:
1728:
1714:
1695:
1675:
1649:
1586:
1561:
1541:
1522:
1404:International Olympic Committee
1196:International Rowing Federation
1006:International Olympic Committee
293:International Olympic Committee
71:International Olympic Committee
3151:People who opened the Olympics
1622:Ronay, Barney (5 March 2020).
1479:
1466:
1454:
1432:
1419:
1239:
949:Jurisprudence examples of note
156:Court of Arbitration for Sport
24:Court of Arbitration for Sport
1:
4032:Postponed to 2021 due to the
3189:Olympic Broadcasting Services
2509:Branch, John (27 July 2015).
1273:The court ruled in 2006 that
751:Judge Ellen Gracie Northfleet
329:
1332:banned its former president
1130:, the attorney representing
1108:Russian Paralympic Committee
1047:long-standing by-law of the
961:athlete biological passports
7:
3738:1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen
3168:Keepers of the Olympic flag
1443:2009 World Anti-Doping Code
1049:British Olympic Association
231:anti-doping rule violations
227:National Olympic Committees
10:
4149:
3356:Scandals and controversies
1530:Media release 23 July 2012
1247:sex verification in sports
1218:In the cases of canoeists
282:
178:. Its headquarters are in
168:Tribunal arbitral du sport
33:Tribunal arbitral du sport
4049:
3990:
3950:
3939:
3899:
3886:
3712:
3701:
3489:
3478:
3403:
3336:
3308:Pierre de Coubertin Medal
3236:
3176:
3136:
3094:
3059:
2987:
2954:
2950:
2928:
2022:Accessed 4 November 2016.
1834:. Retrieved 24 March 2013
1515:13 September 2016 at the
1056:Russian Olympic Committee
953:
617:Dr. Emilio Garcia Silvero
372:
216:international federations
129:
119:
114:
93:
81:
66:
55:
47:
38:
28:
23:
3872:2034 Salt Lake CityâUtah
3318:Olympic Diploma of Merit
2815:Current hearing schedule
2128:9 September 2016 at the
2042:Accessed 15 August 2016.
1535:31 December 2014 at the
1439:World Anti-Doping Agency
1305:(the association of the
1200:Anastasia Karabelshikova
1074:, allow them to compete
828:Corinne Schmidhauser OLY
524:Prof. Abdullah Al Hayyan
465:Corinne Schmidhauser OLY
287:With the intermixing of
209:Jurisdiction and appeals
2087:Accessed 23 August 2016
2018:5 November 2016 at the
1892:See §104 in particular.
1867:Essentials of Sport Law
1519:Accessed 31 August 2016
1104:2016 Summer Paralympics
1025:field of play decisions
3767:1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo
3751:1944 Cortina d'Ampezzo
3446:Olympic Esports Series
3395:Participation of women
2433:Accessed 9 August 2016
2429:27 August 2016 at the
2413:Accessed 9 August 2016
2409:8 January 2019 at the
2368:Accessed 9 August 2016
2364:27 August 2016 at the
2348:Accessed 4 August 2016
2344:22 August 2016 at the
2328:Accessed 4 August 2016
2324:21 August 2016 at the
2308:Accessed 5 August 2016
2304:22 August 2016 at the
2288:Accessed 3 August 2016
2284:20 August 2016 at the
2178:. BBC. 1 February 2018
2083:23 August 2016 at the
2038:28 August 2016 at the
1998:Accessed 25 July 2016.
1927:18 August 2016 at the
1908:19 August 2016 at the
1740:6 January 2017 at the
1692:Accessed 17 June 2016.
1496:Accessed 18 June 2016.
1476:Accessed 18 June 2016.
1448:24 August 2012 at the
1413:7 October 2009 at the
1132:Dr. Grigory Rodchenkov
1018:
994:
509:ICAS Members 2023-2026
297:Juan Antonio Samaranch
223:World Anti-Doping Code
167:
151:
4113:Olympic organizations
3466:Ancient Olympic Games
3296:summer (2000-present)
3036:Incentives by country
1972:6 August 2016 at the
1854:15 April 2015 at the
1850:by Despina Mavromati
1708:3 August 2016 at the
1688:22 March 2019 at the
1555:15 April 2015 at the
1098:(IPC) decided to ban
1014:
989:
889:Dr. Elisabeth Steiner
849:Tricia C.M. Smith OLY
676:, ICAS Vice President
674:Michael B. Lenard OLY
399:Dr. Elisabeth Steiner
379:Michael B. Lenard OLY
306:In 1992, the case of
143:Old headquarters, in
142:
3002:All-time medal table
2726:IFA take case to CAS
1994:21 July 2016 at the
1888:12 June 2015 at the
1846:CAS Bulletin 2011/2
1547:CAS Bulletin 2011/2
1492:26 June 2016 at the
1425:Richard H. McLaren,
1341:Notes and references
1297:(the association of
1119:2018 Winter Olympics
1115:2014 Winter Olympics
1080:RusAF, formerly ARAF
1060:2016 Summer Olympics
1040:2012 Summer Olympics
713:Dr. Dariusz Mioduski
374:ICAS Vice-Presidents
267:German speed skater
3893:Youth Olympic Games
3858:2026 Milano Cortina
2226:The Washington Post
1598:Yahoo Entertainment
1322:Financial Fair Play
1307:Republic of Ireland
1224:Alexander Dyachenko
1143:2018 FIFA World Cup
289:sports and politics
192:Olympic host cities
2540:The Times of India
2515:The New York Times
1681:Christian Keidel:
1551:by Stephan Netzle
1312:In February 2020,
1220:Natalia Podolskaya
1189:Grigory Rodchenkov
1159:documented in the
418:Antonio F. Arimany
349:ICAS/CAS President
250:breach of contract
152:
4095:
4094:
4045:
4044:
4034:COVID-19 pandemic
4020:Cancelled due to
4001:Cancelled due to
3918:2018 Buenos Aires
3882:
3881:
3772:1960 Squaw Valley
3474:
3473:
3291:summer (pre-2000)
3261:Songs and anthems
2737:CAS/2010/A/2071.
2457:on 16 August 2016
1472:Karolos Grohman:
1255:women's athletics
1233:standard of proof
978:Claudia Pechstein
969:Pietro Caucchioli
965:Franco Pellizotti
946:
945:
869:Nicola Spirig OLY
654:Silja Kanerva OLY
506:
505:
269:Claudia Pechstein
137:
136:
4140:
4083:
4082:
4071:
4070:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4036:
4030:
4024:
4018:
4005:
3999:
3964:2016 Lillehammer
3945:
3888:
3887:
3865:2030 French Alps
3847:2018 PyeongChang
3817:1994 Lillehammer
3812:1992 Albertville
3797:1980 Lake Placid
3752:
3745:
3733:1932 Lake Placid
3707:
3672:2028 Los Angeles
3616:1984 Los Angeles
3596:1968 Mexico City
3566:
3559:
3547:1932 Los Angeles
3527:
3480:
3479:
3456:Special Olympics
3411:Paralympic Games
3079:tropical nations
2969:Olympic Congress
2952:
2951:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2892:
2891:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2871:
2870:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2811:
2810:
2808:Official website
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2760:
2752:
2750:
2743:
2734:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2593:Singh, Navneet.
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2566:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2489:
2483:. Archived from
2482:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2456:
2450:. Archived from
2449:
2440:
2434:
2420:
2414:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2375:
2369:
2355:
2349:
2335:
2329:
2315:
2309:
2295:
2289:
2275:
2264:
2263:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2155:
2148:
2139:
2133:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2094:
2088:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2049:
2043:
2029:
2023:
2005:
1999:
1985:
1976:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1937:
1931:
1918:
1912:
1899:
1893:
1880:CAS 2012/A/2731
1876:
1870:
1864:
1858:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1810:. September 2023
1809:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1784:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1759:
1755:"CAS Statistics"
1751:
1745:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1712:
1699:
1693:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1600:. 13 August 2024
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1565:
1559:
1545:
1539:
1526:
1520:
1506:
1497:
1483:
1477:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1436:
1430:
1423:
1417:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1354:
1299:Northern Ireland
1251:hyperandrogenism
1204:Ivan Podshivalov
1123:Russian athletes
939:
937:
936:
921:
919:
918:
910:Judge Hanqin Xue
901:
899:
898:
880:
878:
877:
860:
858:
857:
840:
838:
837:
819:
817:
816:
798:
796:
795:
780:
778:
777:
762:
760:
759:
742:
740:
739:
724:
722:
721:
704:
702:
701:
686:
684:
683:
665:
663:
662:
645:
643:
642:
627:
625:
624:
609:
607:
606:
591:
589:
588:
573:
571:
570:
563:, ICAS President
552:
550:
549:
534:
532:
531:
513:
512:
499:
497:
496:
476:
474:
473:
451:
449:
448:
441:Carole Malinvaud
428:
426:
425:
410:
408:
407:
390:
388:
387:
365:
363:
362:
334:
333:
295:(IOC) president
110:
105:
102:
100:
43:
31:
21:
20:
4148:
4147:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4056:
4054:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4031:
4027:
4019:
4008:
4000:
3996:
3986:
3985:
3946:
3937:
3936:
3895:
3878:
3877:
3757:1948 St. Moritz
3750:
3743:
3728:1928 St. Moritz
3708:
3699:
3698:
3564:
3557:
3525:
3485:
3470:
3399:
3332:
3232:
3194:Olympic Channel
3172:
3132:
3126:Olympic Stadium
3090:
3074:Winter Olympics
3069:Summer Olympics
3055:
3046:Olympic diploma
3041:Stripped medals
2983:
2946:
2924:
2919:
2889:
2879:
2877:
2865:
2855:
2853:
2843:
2841:
2833:
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2710:
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2700:
2699:
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2670:
2660:
2658:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2599:Hindustan Times
2591:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2558:
2554:
2544:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2519:
2517:
2507:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2447:
2441:
2437:
2431:Wayback Machine
2421:
2417:
2411:Wayback Machine
2401:
2397:
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2385:
2377:
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2366:Wayback Machine
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2326:Wayback Machine
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2130:Wayback Machine
2120:
2116:
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2104:
2096:
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2091:
2085:Wayback Machine
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2040:Wayback Machine
2030:
2026:
2020:Wayback Machine
2006:
2002:
1996:Wayback Machine
1986:
1979:
1974:Wayback Machine
1967:CAS/2011/A/2658
1964:
1960:
1950:
1948:
1947:. 30 April 2012
1939:
1938:
1934:
1929:Wayback Machine
1922:CAS/2011/O/2422
1919:
1915:
1910:Wayback Machine
1903:CAS/2010/A/2090
1900:
1896:
1890:Wayback Machine
1877:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1856:Wayback Machine
1845:
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1827:
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1742:Wayback Machine
1733:
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1577:
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1557:Wayback Machine
1546:
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1537:Wayback Machine
1527:
1523:
1517:Wayback Machine
1507:
1500:
1494:Wayback Machine
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1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1450:Wayback Machine
1437:
1433:
1424:
1420:
1415:Wayback Machine
1408:Olympic Charter
1402:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1356:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1314:Manchester City
1242:
1209:natural justice
1191:for the report.
1152:
1044:Olympic Charter
1002:Andreea RÄducan
956:
951:
934:
932:
916:
914:
896:
894:
875:
873:
855:
853:
835:
833:
814:
812:
807:David W. Rivkin
793:
791:
775:
773:
757:
755:
737:
735:
719:
717:
699:
697:
681:
679:
660:
658:
640:
638:
622:
620:
604:
602:
586:
584:
568:
566:
547:
545:
529:
527:
511:
494:
492:
471:
469:
446:
444:
423:
421:
405:
403:
385:
383:
360:
358:
332:
285:
211:
97:
75:Olympic Charter
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4146:
4136:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4077:
4065:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4025:
4006:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3959:2012 Innsbruck
3955:
3954:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3927:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3908:2010 Singapore
3904:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3837:2010 Vancouver
3834:
3829:
3827:2002 Salt Lake
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3792:1976 Innsbruck
3789:
3784:
3779:
3777:1964 Innsbruck
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3626:1992 Barcelona
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3581:1956 Melbourne
3578:
3573:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3542:1928 Amsterdam
3539:
3534:
3529:
3522:
3520:1912 Stockholm
3517:
3512:
3510:1904 St. Louis
3507:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
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3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3325:
3323:Olympic Laurel
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3258:
3253:
3248:
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3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3210:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3201:
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67:Authorized by
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62:, Switzerland
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37:
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27:
22:
19:
4085:
4073:
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3997:
3978:
3974:2024 Gangwon
3929:
3922:
3913:2014 Nanjing
3870:
3863:
3856:
3852:2022 Beijing
3807:1988 Calgary
3787:1972 Sapporo
3744:1940 Sapporo
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3646:2008 Beijing
3631:1996 Atlanta
3532:1920 Antwerp
3439:Pan-American
3415:Continental
3361:antisemitism
3208:Social media
3156:Torch relays
3146:Olympic Mass
3051:Olive wreath
2974:IOC meetings
2939:
2932:
2824:
2785:. Retrieved
2780:
2771:
2732:
2721:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:
2696:
2684:. Retrieved
2681:The Guardian
2680:
2671:
2659:. Retrieved
2655:
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2637:
2628:
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2602:. Retrieved
2598:
2588:
2576:. Retrieved
2555:
2543:. Retrieved
2539:
2530:
2518:. Retrieved
2514:
2504:
2492:. Retrieved
2485:the original
2471:
2459:. Retrieved
2452:the original
2438:
2424:CAS OG 16/19
2418:
2404:CAS OG 16/12
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2382:
2373:
2359:CAS OG 16/04
2353:
2339:CAS OG 16/13
2333:
2313:
2299:CAS OG 16/09
2293:
2259:
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2224:
2214:
2202:. Retrieved
2192:
2180:. Retrieved
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2137:
2117:
2105:. Retrieved
2101:
2092:
2072:
2060:. Retrieved
2057:The Guardian
2056:
2047:
2027:
2010:
2003:
1965:BOA v. WADA
1961:
1949:. Retrieved
1944:
1935:
1920:USOC v. IOC
1916:
1897:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1831:
1824:
1812:. Retrieved
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1774:
1762:. Retrieved
1749:
1730:
1716:
1701:CAS hosted:
1697:
1677:
1665:. Retrieved
1660:
1651:
1641:13 September
1639:. Retrieved
1628:The Guardian
1627:
1602:. Retrieved
1597:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
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1524:
1481:
1468:
1456:
1434:
1421:
1384:. Retrieved
1374:
1362:. Retrieved
1263:testosterone
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982:CAS Bulletin
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4003:World War I
3832:2006 Torino
3822:1998 Nagano
3651:2012 London
3641:2004 Athens
3636:2000 Sydney
3611:1980 Moscow
3601:1972 Munich
3571:1948 London
3565:1944 London
3552:1936 Berlin
3526:1916 Berlin
3515:1908 London
3500:1896 Athens
3451:Deaflympics
3366:colonialism
3313:Olympic Cup
3228:Video games
3096:Host cities
2997:Medal table
2885:Switzerland
1785:. July 2024
1667:5 September
1604:5 September
1578:5 September
1259:Dutee Chand
1240:Other cases
941:Switzerland
882:Switzerland
842:Switzerland
770:Kevin Plumb
611:Netherlands
593:Switzerland
501:Switzerland
478:Switzerland
337:Designation
316:arbitration
176:arbitration
149:Switzerland
124:John Coates
48:Established
30:(in French)
4118:Sports law
4102:Categories
3924:2026 Dakar
3842:2014 Sochi
3666:2024 Paris
3661:2020 Tokyo
3621:1988 Seoul
3591:1964 Tokyo
3558:1940 Tokyo
3537:1924 Paris
3505:1900 Paris
3184:Television
3138:Ceremonies
3031:Medal ties
2604:20 January
2578:20 January
2240:7 February
2204:1 February
2182:1 February
2160:1 February
2123:RPC v. IPC
1226:and rower
1128:Jim Walden
1087:Olympics.
647:Costa Rica
330:ICAS Board
83:Appeals to
3762:1952 Oslo
3586:1960 Rome
3349:medalists
3019:Medalists
2781:BBC Sport
2706:BBC Sport
2656:BBC Sport
2638:BBC Sport
2520:15 August
2494:15 August
2461:15 August
2383:BBC Sport
2260:BBC Sport
2235:0190-8286
2107:23 August
2102:BBC Sport
2062:15 August
1945:BBC Sport
1814:15 August
1789:15 August
1764:15 August
1661:France 24
1636:0261-3077
1328:In 2015,
1275:Gibraltar
1185:Turinabol
1102:from the
1029:bad faith
575:Australia
367:Australia
246:Matuzalém
120:Currently
115:President
4074:Category
3693:2040 TBD
3686:2036 TBD
3656:2016 Rio
3429:European
3251:Olympiad
3199:American
2941:Olympism
2849:Olympics
2757:cite web
2746:Archived
2569:Archived
2427:Archived
2407:Archived
2362:Archived
2342:Archived
2322:Archived
2302:Archived
2282:Archived
2151:Archived
2126:Archived
2081:Archived
2036:Archived
2016:Archived
1992:Archived
1970:Archived
1951:5 August
1925:Archived
1906:Archived
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1738:Archived
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1686:Archived
1553:Archived
1533:Archived
1513:Archived
1490:Archived
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1084:estoppel
1031:or with
519:Country
343:Country
254:Sun Yang
180:Lausanne
145:Lausanne
101:.tas-cas
60:Lausanne
56:Location
4086:Commons
3434:Pacific
3419:African
3404:Related
3283:Mascots
3238:Symbols
3061:Nations
2964:Charter
2835:Portals
2787:13 July
2711:17 June
2686:17 June
2661:25 June
2545:29 July
2388:17 June
2013:v. IAAF
1386:28 June
903:Austria
667:Finland
412:Austria
283:History
94:Website
4062:Portal
3951:Winter
3900:Summer
3714:Winter
3491:Summer
3378:Deaths
3371:doping
3301:winter
3287:Coins
3278:Poster
3273:Emblem
3221:winter
3216:summer
3212:Films
3116:Venues
2989:Medals
2861:Sports
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3177:Media
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2826:Slate
2749:(PDF)
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430:Spain
130:Since
3980:2028
3931:2030
3388:WWII
3266:Hymn
3256:Oath
3104:Bids
2789:2020
2763:link
2713:2016
2688:2016
2663:2012
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2580:2018
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