1047:, it was decided by the Kingdom's Supreme Court that under the above-mentioned instrument executed by Kamehameha III, reserving the Crown Lands, and under the confirmatory Act of 7 June 1848, "the inheritance is limited to the successors to the throne", "the wearers of the crown which the conqueror had won," and that at the same time "each successive possessor may regulate and dispose of the same according to his will and pleasure as private property, in like manner as was done by Kamehameha III." Afterwards an Act was passed 3 January 1865, "relieve the Royal Domain from encumbrances and to render the same inalienable." This Act provided for the redemption of the mortgages on the estate, and enacted that the remaining lands are to be "henceforth inalienable and shall descend to the heirs and successors of the Hawaiian Crown forever," and that "it shall not be lawful hereafter to lease said lands for any terms of years to exceed thirty." The Board of Commissioners of Crown Lands shall consist of three persons to be appointed by His Majesty the King, two of whom shall be appointed from among the members of His Cabinet Council, and serve without remuneration, and the other shall act as Land Agent, and shall be paid out of the revenues of the said lands, such sum as may be agreed to by the King."
921:, approximately 1.53 million hectares (3.8 million acres or about 29% of the province) is designated as Crown land. Crown land is owned by the province and managed by the Department of Natural Resources on behalf of the citizens of Nova Scotia. It is a collective asset which belongs to all Nova Scotians. Many acres of Crown land are licensed for a variety of economic purposes to help build and maintain the prosperity of the province. These purposes range from licenses and leases for cranberry bogs, forestry operations, peat bogs, power lines, wind energy, to broadband towers, and tidal energy. In addition, most of the submerged lands (the sea bed) along the province's 9,000 kilometres (5,600 mi) of coastline are also considered Crown land. Exceptions would include federally and privately owned waterlots. The province owns other land across Nova Scotia, including wilderness areas, protected areas, highways, roads, and provincial buildings. These parcels and structures are managed and administered by other departments and are not considered Crown land.
40:
1482:
1496:
3308:
458:, where over half of all land is Crown land, passed a controversial reform in 2005 requiring Crown lands to be rated at market value. Crown lands include land set aside for various government or public purposes, development, town planning, as well as vacant land. Crown lands comprise around 23% of Australian land, of which the largest single category is vacant land, comprising 12.5% of the land.
451:). Most Crown lands in Australia are held by the Crown in the right of a State. The only land held by the Commonwealth consists of land in the Northern Territory (surrendered by South Australia), the Australian Capital Territory, Jervis Bay Territory, and small areas acquired for airports, defence and other government purposes.
1082:
to the lands have been resolved. The Court first held that it had jurisdiction to review the Hawaii
Supreme Court's opinion because it rested on the Apology Resolution. It then found the Hawaii Supreme Court's interpretation of the Apology Resolution to be erroneous, and held that federal law does
1388:
have possessed vast lands, palaces, castles and other buildings, however, at present all those properties are owned by the State. The Crown lands are administered by an independent institution called
Patrimonio Nacional, which is responsible for the maintenance of these properties that are always
957:
88% of the land on Prince Edward Island (PEI) is privately held, leaving 12% of the land as public, or Crown, land. It is the province with the smallest percentage of Crown land, and it is managed by the
Ministry of Environment, Energy, and Climate Action. Usage of these lands is for non-economic
864:
is provincial Crown land, 2% of which is covered by fresh water. Federal Crown land makes up a further 1% of the province, including Indian reserves, defence lands and federal harbours, while 5% is privately owned. The
Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations issues Crown land
966:
More than 92% of Quebec's territory is Crown land. This heritage and the natural resources that it contains are developed to contribute to the socioeconomic development of all regions of Quebec. Public land is used for a variety of purposes: forestry, mineral, energy, and wildlife resources;
1004:
In the 10th and 11th centuries, the first
Capetians—while being rulers of France—were among the least powerful of the great feudal lords of France in terms of territory possessed. Patiently, through the use of feudal law (and, in particular, the confiscation of fiefs from rebellious
1013:(a concession of a fief by the sovereign to his younger sons and their sons after them, although they could be reincorporated if the last lord had no male heirs) alienated large territories from the royal domain and created dangerous rival territories (especially the
1317:(against the interests of his own family), put as one of its goals the "execution of lands", i.e. return of all crown lands, which were often illegally held by next generations of Starostine families. In 1562–1563 they forced most of the crown land in the
1415:
surrendered control over the Estate's revenues to the treasury, in order to relieve him from paying for the costs of the civil service, defence costs, the national debt, and his own personal debts, and, in return, to receive an annual grant known as the
967:
developing natural spaces, including parks for recreation and conservation, ecological preserves, and wildlife refuges and habitats; developing infrastructure for industrial and public utilities purposes as well as for leisure and vacation purposes.
2798:
1009:), skillful marriages with female inheritors of large fiefs, and even by purchase, the kings of France were able to increase the royal domain, which, by the 16th century, began to coincide with the entire kingdom. However, the medieval system of
754:. About 89% of Canada's land area (8,886,356 km or 3,431,041 sq mi) is Crown land: 41% is federal crown land and 48% is provincial crown land. The remaining 11% is privately owned. Most federal Crown land is in the territories (
697:. The Government did not allow private ownership of Barbados' 97 kilometres (60 mi) of coastal beaches in the country, and all areas below the high-tide watermark in the country were considered specifically as "Crown land".
438:
In
Australia, public lands without a specific tenure (e.g. National Park or State Forest) are referred to as Crown land or State Land, which is described as being held in the "right of the Crown" of either an individual
1058:
joined the United States in 1898, the territorial government took ownership. In 1910, Liliuokalani, the former Queen, unsuccessfully attempted to sue the United States for the loss of the
Hawaiian Crown Lands.
941:, and cottages, while other areas are set aside for research, environmental protection, public recreation, and resource management. Approximately 95% of the province's forests sit within provincial Crown land.
506:
949:
87% of the province is Crown land, of which 95% is in northern
Ontario. It is managed by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry and is used for economic development, tourism and recreation.
694:
1637:
693:
or due to criminal activity), or toward lands with backed taxes. The term Crown lands had been used in relation to government owned farms, beaches, and other land areas also maintained by the
937:
alone has the ability to augment or disperse Crown land and to determine the price of any Crown land being bought or leased. Crown land is used for varying purposes, including agriculture,
816:, largely but not exclusively provincial, rented for logging and mineral exploration rights; revenues flow to the relevant government and may constitute a major income stream, such as in
1170:. Once given a crown land, one had the right to keep it "for life". Families of Starostas often wanted to unlawfully keep the royal properties, and that led to common abuses of law.
1083:
not bar the State from selling land held in public trust. Accordingly, it remanded the case to the Hawaii
Supreme Court to determine if Hawaiian law alone supports the same outcome.
461:
Crown land is used for such things as airports, military grounds (Commonwealth), public utilities (usually State), or is sometimes unallocated and reserved for future development.
2193:
2204:
3139:
1864:
1054:
before 17 January 1893. On this date, the monarchy was overthrown. The crown lands were taken in charge by the provisional and republican governments. When the
2038:
1205:
1370:
In the Great Duchy of
Lithuania political nation did not follow experience of neighbouring Poland. Lithuanian magnates retained such lands in their hands.
1738:
1340:
controlled most of the crown lands. People without a formal title of nobility inherited or granted were not allowed to be infeudated with regalities.
840:
as Represented by " and remains under the administration of the mentioned minister until the land is sold or transferred via legislation, such as an
1916:
1650:
1943:
1243:
2142:
1043:. Kamehameha III and his successors made these lands their private property, selling, leasing or mortgaging at their enjoyment. At the death of
1578:
2716:
801:
592:
1466:. It was officially established on 15 April 1950 and dissolved on 11 March 1955. In the areas of the Domain of the Crown, Chief of State
2976:
2289:
381:
3360:
1166:. Those nobles who had received the privilege of administering the crown lands (and thus keeping most of its profits) had the title of
538:
1706:
2326:
2117:
2009:
1200:
Formally "royal lands" formed about 15–20% of Poland (later, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth), and were divided into two parts:
1626:
1515:
1158:: the lands were the property of the monarch or dynasty. Beginning in 15th century the properties were often leased, gifted or
804:, these lands cannot be unilaterally sold by the monarch, instead passing on to the next king or queen unless the sovereign is
767:
742:. Though the monarch owns all Crown land in the country, it is divided in parallel with the "division" of the Crown among the
1154:
under the rules of Piast then Jagiellonian dynasties the institution of crown lands was similar to those in Great Britain or
2215:
The House of Commons Treasury Committee (2010). The management of the Crown Estate (PDF). London: House of Commons. pp. 5–8.
3365:
2927:
1067:
3355:
2907:
2550:
1039:
which he set aside for the dignity of the royal office for the ruler of the Hawaiian monarchy on 8 March 1848 during the
743:
604:
584:
429:
1890:
1702:
1178:
1063:
1032:
747:
1868:
3011:
2274:
1151:
898:
783:
2045:
1407:
were administered as possessions of the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country. By the
1210:
3322:
2881:
2445:
1747:
1676:
1547:
1412:
1001:
and for much of the Middle Ages significant portions of the kingdom were direct possessions of other feudal lords.
725:
1329:) and subsequently elected Kings were gradually weakened because szlachta achieved more and more privileges – the
3229:
2609:
2299:
2284:
1078:
of 1993 bars the State of Hawaii from selling to third parties any land held in public trust until the claims of
998:
374:
39:
2216:
2871:
1132:
1120:
302:
897:
Currently, 48% of New Brunswick's territory is Crown land, used for such things as for conservation projects,
454:
Each jurisdiction has its own policies towards the sale and use of Crown lands within the State. For example,
2902:
2319:
550:
227:
46:
2039:"Government of Manitoba: Some Questions and Answers Regarding Manitoba's Crown Land Policies for Wind Farms"
1223:), which were provided money for king's personal treasure and expenses, among them the support of the army (
3350:
1261:
Monarch's economies in, as it was called, "Republic" of Lithuania (Grand Duchy of Lithuania) were: biggest
866:
2150:
909:, the provincial Crown grants or denies long-term use of Crown lands by aboriginals, as per the treaties.
3177:
2619:
2492:
1922:
1654:
1318:
1255:
642:
596:
3370:
2656:
2634:
618:
367:
716:
instead. Effectively in practice, however, functions of state lands remained the same as crown lands.
2750:
1344:
1297:
1182:
886:
782:. In contrast, provinces hold much of their territory as provincial Crown land, which may be held as
701:
561:
444:
433:
1837:
1615:
1355:
of 1788–1792 decided to put them on sale, to raise funds for reforms and modernisation of the army.
1301:
2587:
2312:
771:
733:
689:(a.k.a. the Government). This could also pertain to land seized by the government, (either through
600:
1891:"Sask. Indigenous critic says newly published maps show 10% of Crown lands remain | Globalnews.ca"
1582:
1321:
to be returned to the monarch, however later the whole cycle repeated. In the following centuries
2793:
2760:
2540:
1116:
1071:
902:
805:
729:
530:
1811:. Background (CRG-3 ed.). Edmonton: Alberta Queen's Printer (published 12 November 2004): 1
617:
with the remaining Austrian crown lands (officially: "The Kingdoms and Lands represented in the
3237:
3120:
2866:
2835:
2651:
2555:
2533:
2279:
1775:
1537:
1051:
686:
658:
1035:, the Hawaiian monarchs had access to 1.8 million acres (7,300 km), the private lands of
3317:
3290:
3270:
3262:
3114:
2886:
2440:
1824:
1805:
1552:
1096:
976:
809:
755:
709:
242:
2010:"Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives: Agricultural Crown Lands Leasing Program"
1603:
812:. Crown land provides the country and the provinces with the majority of their profits from
3153:
2487:
2349:
1710:
1359:
779:
705:
481:
181:
137:
31:
8:
3345:
3276:
2964:
2959:
2646:
2560:
2502:
2435:
2258:
2254:
2236:
2013:
1435:
1430:
1408:
1379:
837:
440:
127:
72:
917:
As of October 2013, of the 5.3 million hectares (13 million acres) of land in
3243:
2567:
2364:
1455:
1173:
After the end of Kingdom in Poland the era of new political system called "Republic of
1075:
1055:
994:
906:
751:
739:
662:
654:
588:
546:
413:
292:
132:
20:
1862:
1467:
3312:
3036:
3021:
2641:
2507:
2457:
2452:
1986:
1937:
1238:
Among the largest Crown lands in the 16th and 17th centuries were the territories of
1092:
1014:
685:, the term crown land extended to all land that is under the control or ownership of
650:
522:
501:
472:. In Queensland, Unallocated State Land (USL) is managed under The Land Act 1994. In
167:
142:
19:
This article is about the territorial area belonging to a monarch. For the band, see
3213:
3205:
3133:
2830:
2770:
2523:
2409:
2399:
2384:
2354:
2172:
1463:
1462:
did not make up the majority. Later it became a type of administrative unit of the
1322:
1307:
1224:
1079:
934:
861:
841:
820:. Crown land may also be rented by individuals wishing to build homes or cottages.
813:
797:
770:. Only 4% of land in the provinces is federally controlled, largely in the form of
447:; there is not a single "Crown" (as a legal governmental entity) in Australia (see
322:
1470:
was still officially (and legally) titled as the "Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty".
3256:
3078:
3068:
3044:
2981:
2847:
2803:
2704:
2404:
2389:
1532:
1521:
1487:
1447:
1190:
1155:
1108:
990:
958:
purposes such as hunting, fishing, trapping, foraging, hiking and bird watching.
557:
534:
526:
510:
473:
455:
252:
122:
53:
1230:
the rest, which the king was obliged to lease to the outstanding members of the
3161:
2932:
2915:
2852:
2825:
2808:
2497:
2430:
2394:
2374:
1385:
1330:
1194:
1112:
1036:
775:
690:
646:
609:
518:
282:
257:
172:
107:
82:
1247:
3339:
3251:
3218:
3016:
2996:
2947:
2624:
2604:
2545:
2462:
2359:
1557:
1044:
793:
670:
666:
500:
From the late 18th century onwards, the territories acquired by the Austrian
409:
312:
297:
1701:
1362:
in 1795 the "royal lands" were directly annexed by the partitioning powers.
738:
Within Canada, Crown land is a designated territorial area belonging to the
566:
3223:
3199:
3166:
3147:
3128:
3083:
3056:
3049:
3031:
2969:
2745:
2699:
2694:
2597:
2582:
2425:
2070:
1801:
1458:'s geopolitical concept for its protectorates and principalities where the
1404:
1398:
1314:
1040:
746:, so that some lands within the provinces are administered by the relevant
623:
342:
247:
1481:
3191:
2991:
2876:
2765:
2740:
2728:
2709:
2592:
2572:
2482:
2379:
2092:
1459:
1026:
918:
636:
417:
237:
217:
177:
157:
1865:"Crown Land, Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations"
1300:), royal lands were under notorious, often illegal, control of powerful
1262:
564:, the Austrian crown lands received a certain autonomy. The traditional
3284:
3171:
2788:
1510:
1501:
1417:
1352:
614:
337:
3185:
2986:
2937:
2920:
2858:
2840:
2614:
2528:
1280:
were better in the Crown lands than on the hereditary estates of the
1251:
938:
448:
402:
357:
287:
272:
97:
1495:
3073:
3006:
2942:
2755:
2733:
2629:
2577:
2335:
2294:
1962:
1542:
1526:
1348:
1337:
1311:
1281:
1231:
1174:
1167:
1163:
1010:
790:
682:
577:
465:
412:
and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it. Today, in
406:
277:
262:
197:
102:
87:
576:
legislatures, partly elected according to the principle of census
401:, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies
3026:
2820:
2813:
2678:
2474:
1638:
Barbados Government: Crown Lands (Vesting and Disposal) – CAP.225
1285:
1277:
1270:
1239:
829:
817:
759:
572:
347:
332:
267:
212:
207:
187:
112:
525:, they played a vital role as constituent lands of the Habsburg
3001:
2953:
2722:
1627:
Crown Land; Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning
1347:
crown lands were reformed in 1775, lessening the abuses of the
1266:
1006:
901:, and recreation activities. However, through treaties between
327:
147:
117:
92:
3090:
2686:
763:
537:
established in 1804. During the restoration period after the
192:
1863:
Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations.
1392:
2304:
1159:
986:
202:
67:
836:, is territory registered in the name of "His Majesty the
3063:
997:, the royal domain did not encompass the entirety of the
3140:
The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
2235:. Gretna, LA: Đường Việt Hải ngoại, 2003. Page: 99. (in
1653:. The Barbados Advocate. 9 November 2008. Archived from
877:
Approximately 65% of Saskatchewan's land is Crown land.
712:
as head of state. This caused all crown lands to become
1296:
Mostly due to lack of constant dynasty in Poland (see:
627:
until the disintegration of the dual monarchy in 1918.
1957:
1955:
1953:
1529:("the right of use over the real property of another")
1310:(execution movement) of the late 16th century, led by
1736:
1115:" of Polish and Polish–Lithuanian Kings. For unit of
1477:
1181:. As a result of reform and the introduction of the
1177:(nobility)" started in late 16th century already in
1950:
1095:became "government leases" on 1 July 1997 upon the
2225:
2223:
1304:, sometimes even semi-independent from the state.
1119:inter alia in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, see
3337:
2249:
2230:
1703:Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada
1604:Crown land rent changes spark concerns for clubs
981:The crown lands, crown estate, or royal domain (
420:and is apart from the monarch's private estate.
2220:
1403:Historically, the properties now known as the
865:tenures and sells Crown land on behalf of the
2320:
1746:, Queen's Printer for Alberta, archived from
1677:"Road to Republic frequently asked questions"
375:
2194:Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance
1942:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1850:
1800:
1709:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from
880:
796:that passes with the monarchy and cannot be
2275:Polish PWN encyclopedia on 'Królewszczyzna'
2242:
2173:"Hawaiian Kingdom – History of Land titles"
1732:
1730:
1728:
1265:economy, Alytus economy, also economies in
2327:
2313:
1291:
1123:. (not to be mistaken with "Crown lands").
382:
368:
1773:
1393:United Kingdom and its predecessor states
1389:available to the King or Queen of Spain.
1365:
541:, the Austrian crown lands were ruled by
1984:
1914:
1769:
1767:
1737:Government of Alberta (September 1997),
1725:
2290:Archives of Ontario: Crown Land Records
2033:
2031:
1967:, Province of Nova Scotia, October 2013
1806:"Alberta Land Titles Procedures Manual"
1102:
952:
3338:
2280:The Canadian Encyclopedia – Crown land
1516:Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000
1074:'s holding that the federally enacted
768:Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada
700:After November 30, 2021, Barbados had
570:(estates) assemblies were elevated to
545:governors directly subordinate to the
47:Harold Sacramentum Fecit Willelmo Duci
2308:
2257:: Văn Mới, 2006. Pages: 401-449. (in
1764:
681:When it was a commonwealth realm, in
2028:
1921:, Falls Brook Centre, archived from
1780:The Canadian Encyclopedia: Geography
1068:Hawaii v. Office of Hawaiian Affairs
985:) of France refers to the lands and
744:federal and provincial jurisdictions
2205:Conveyancing and Property Ordinance
1616:Land Tenure at Geoscience Australia
1579:"NSW Land and Property Information"
855:
789:Crown land is the equivalent of an
641:The medieval European state of the
605:Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
585:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
529:and were ultimately reorganised as
430:Aboriginal land rights in Australia
13:
1312:Lord Grand Chancellor of the Crown
1126:
1033:overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy
999:territory of the kingdom of France
867:Crown in Right of British Columbia
468:, Crown land is managed under the
14:
3382:
3361:Economic history of North America
2268:
1915:Mitchell, Simon, J. (June 2003),
1097:change of status of the territory
1091:All "Crown leases" in the former
1017:in the 14th and 15th centuries).
3307:
3306:
1782:. Historica Foundation of Canada
1548:Prior-appropriation water rights
1494:
1480:
892:
844:. Crown land is governed by the
726:Indigenous land claims in Canada
603:became constituent parts of the
38:
16:Territory belonging to a monarch
2300:Crown Land Reference For Canada
2251:Người Thượng Miền Nam Việt Nam.
2209:
2198:
2187:
2165:
2135:
2110:
2085:
2063:
2002:
1978:
1908:
1883:
1856:
1844:
1794:
872:
750:, whereas others are under the
2872:Right of way (property access)
1991:, Queen's Printer for Manitoba
1695:
1669:
1643:
1631:
1620:
1609:
1597:
1571:
1443:
1179:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1133:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
1121:Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
1066:issued a unanimous opinion in
935:Lieutenant Governor-in-Council
912:
486:Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978
478:Crown Land Management Act 2009
303:Peerages in the United Kingdom
1:
1564:
852:in 1931 and renamed in 1949.
405:. It is the equivalent of an
228:Feudal land tenure in England
2334:
1853:, Registration Procedure A.1
1606:, ABC News, 10 November 2005
1086:
695:National Housing Corporation
653:, consisted of crown lands:
593:Principality of Transylvania
423:
7:
3366:Economic history of Oceania
3178:Two Treatises of Government
2295:United Kingdom Crown Estate
2012:. Gov.mb.ca. Archived from
1473:
1319:Crown of the Polish Kingdom
1256:Crown of the Polish Kingdom
1107:This section is about the "
924:
848:, originally passed as the
676:
597:Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia
416:, crown land is considered
10:
3387:
3356:Economic history of Europe
1423:
1396:
1377:
1135:crown lands were known as
1106:
1024:
989:directly possessed by the
974:
944:
889:is provincial Crown land.
832:, Crown land, also called
823:
808:otherwise by the relevant
723:
702:transitioned to a republic
634:
630:
523:House of Habsburg-Lorraine
495:
476:, the relevant Act is the
427:
18:
3302:
3099:
2901:
2781:
2674:
2667:
2516:
2473:
2418:
2342:
2232:Trăm núi ngàn sông: Tập I
2122:www.princeedwardisland.ca
1964:Crown Land in Nova Scotia
1345:First Partition of Poland
1298:Royal elections in Poland
1020:
970:
961:
887:Newfoundland and Labrador
881:Newfoundland and Labrador
802:constitutional convention
766:) and is administered by
719:
504:were called crown lands (
445:Commonwealth of Australia
434:Native title in Australia
3230:The Great Transformation
2588:Labor theory of property
2143:"MERN- Quebec's Borders"
1373:
1276:The legal conditions of
907:Crown in Right of Canada
838:King in right of Alberta
734:Land ownership in Canada
560:, proclaimed by Emperor
531:administrative divisions
2799:Forest-dwelling (India)
2761:restraint on alienation
2541:Common good (economics)
1651:"More homes on the way"
1292:Conditions in the Crown
1117:administrative division
1050:The lands were held by
993:. Before the reign of
730:First Nations in Canada
3238:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
3012:Primitive accumulation
2867:Right of way (transit)
2652:Tragedy of the commons
2534:fictitious commodities
2250:
2231:
1832:Cite journal requires
1538:Indigenous land rights
1452:Domaine de la Couronne
1451:
1439:
1366:Situation in Lithuania
1284:, as there were fewer
1162:to the members of the
810:ministers of the Crown
659:Margraviate of Moravia
549:according to the 1849
517:). Initially ruled in
514:
3291:The Wealth of Nations
3271:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3263:The Ethics of Liberty
2175:. Hawaiiankingdom.org
1918:Who Owns Crown Lands?
1553:Riparian water rights
1454:) was originally the
1440:Hoàng triều Cương thổ
1185:of Polish kings, the
977:Crown lands of France
899:resource exploitation
780:Canadian Forces bases
756:Northwest Territories
243:English feudal barony
3154:Progress and Poverty
2488:Common-pool resource
2285:Crown Land in Canada
2153:on 22 September 2020
2073:. Manitoba Wildlands
1707:"Federal Crown Land"
1360:partitions of Poland
1358:After the following
1139:which translates to
1103:Poland and Lithuania
1093:British crown colony
1072:Hawaii Supreme Court
953:Prince Edward Island
850:Provincial Lands Act
706:Monarchy of Barbados
470:Crown Lands Act 1976
138:Feudal fragmentation
3351:Commonwealth realms
3277:The Social Contract
2965:population transfer
2882:prior-appropriation
2561:homestead principle
2255:Gardena, California
2147:www.mern.gouv.qc.ca
1657:on 15 February 2012
1431:Domain of the Crown
1409:Civil List Act 1760
1380:Patrimonio Nacional
1206:royal table estates
1062:In March 2009, the
1052:Queen Lili'uokalani
860:94% of the land in
828:In the province of
800:from it; thus, per
539:Revolutions of 1848
533:of the centralised
414:Commonwealth realms
73:Ecclesiastical fief
3257:Murray N. Rothbard
2568:Free-rider problem
2016:on 3 November 2012
1740:About Public Lands
1683:. 26 November 2021
1585:on 7 November 2017
1384:Historically, the
1327:execution movement
1076:Apology Resolution
1064:U.S. Supreme Court
1056:Republic of Hawaii
663:Duchies of Silesia
655:Kingdom of Bohemia
589:Kingdom of Hungary
551:March Constitution
293:Customary freehold
133:Feudal maintenance
21:Crown Lands (band)
3371:Land registration
3333:
3332:
3244:What Is Property?
3037:human trafficking
3022:Regulatory taking
2897:
2896:
2642:Right to property
2229:Anh Thái Phượng.
1851:Elizabeth II 2004
1460:Kinh ethnic group
1152:Kingdom of Poland
1015:Duchy of Burgundy
814:natural resources
651:Holy Roman Empire
502:Habsburg monarchy
392:
391:
168:Lord of the manor
143:Bastard feudalism
32:English feudalism
3378:
3310:
3309:
3214:John Stuart Mill
3134:Friedrich Engels
3115:Frédéric Bastiat
3108:
2960:Forced migration
2928:Collectivization
2672:
2671:
2551:First possession
2524:Bundle of rights
2329:
2322:
2315:
2306:
2305:
2262:
2253:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2227:
2218:
2213:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2149:. Archived from
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2051:on 19 March 2012
2050:
2044:. Archived from
2043:
2035:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1959:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1867:. Archived from
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1810:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1771:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1753:on 25 March 2013
1752:
1745:
1734:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1581:. Archived from
1575:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1490:
1485:
1484:
1464:State of Vietnam
1445:
1331:"Golden" Liberty
1323:Ruch egzekucyjny
1308:Ruch egzekucyjny
1225:wojsko kwarciane
1214:
1113:state properties
1080:Native Hawaiians
1070:, reversing the
862:British Columbia
856:British Columbia
846:Public Lands Act
842:order in council
784:provincial parks
748:provincial Crown
704:, replacing the
643:Crown of Bohemia
619:Imperial Council
509:
397:, also known as
384:
377:
370:
323:Avera and inward
57:
42:
28:
27:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3298:
3102:
3101:
3095:
3045:husband-selling
2982:Illegal logging
2977:Illegal fishing
2906:
2893:
2804:Freedom to roam
2777:
2690:(agrarian land)
2663:
2620:Property rights
2512:
2469:
2431:Estate (landed)
2414:
2338:
2333:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2247:
2243:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2210:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2156:
2154:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2126:
2124:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2029:
2019:
2017:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1994:
1992:
1988:Crown Lands Act
1983:
1979:
1970:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1951:
1935:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1909:
1899:
1897:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1871:on 12 July 2016
1861:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1833:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1783:
1774:V.P. NEIMANIS.
1772:
1765:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1735:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1713:on 13 June 2011
1700:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1636:
1632:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1533:Freedom to roam
1522:Crown copyright
1500:
1493:
1488:Monarchy portal
1486:
1479:
1476:
1426:
1401:
1395:
1382:
1376:
1368:
1336:Eventually the
1294:
1208:
1191:public property
1156:Austria-Hungary
1129:
1127:Legal condition
1124:
1105:
1089:
1029:
1023:
991:kings of France
979:
973:
964:
955:
947:
931:Crown Lands Act
927:
915:
895:
883:
875:
858:
826:
786:or wilderness.
776:Indian reserves
736:
722:
679:
645:, which was an
639:
633:
558:February Patent
535:Austrian Empire
527:nation-building
505:
498:
474:South Australia
456:New South Wales
436:
426:
388:
352:
307:
222:
152:
59:
58:
54:Bayeux Tapestry
51:
50:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3384:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3315:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3254:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3169:
3164:
3162:Garrett Hardin
3159:
3158:
3157:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3131:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3111:
3109:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3039:
3034:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2957:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2933:Eminent domain
2930:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2916:Bioprospecting
2912:
2910:
2908:redistribution
2899:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2850:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2823:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2726:
2719:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2692:
2684:
2675:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2617:
2612:
2610:Natural rights
2607:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2269:External links
2267:
2264:
2263:
2241:
2219:
2208:
2197:
2186:
2164:
2134:
2118:"Public Lands"
2109:
2097:www.ontario.ca
2084:
2062:
2027:
2001:
1985:Elizabeth II,
1977:
1949:
1925:on 27 May 2011
1907:
1882:
1855:
1843:
1834:|journal=
1793:
1763:
1724:
1694:
1681:Barbados Today
1668:
1642:
1630:
1619:
1608:
1596:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1491:
1475:
1472:
1456:Nguyễn dynasty
1425:
1422:
1397:Main article:
1394:
1391:
1386:kings of Spain
1378:Main article:
1375:
1372:
1367:
1364:
1302:local magnates
1293:
1290:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1195:state property
1183:royal election
1137:królewszczyzny
1128:
1125:
1104:
1101:
1088:
1085:
1037:Kamehameha III
1022:
1019:
975:Main article:
972:
969:
963:
960:
954:
951:
946:
943:
926:
923:
914:
911:
894:
891:
882:
879:
874:
871:
857:
854:
825:
822:
772:national parks
740:Canadian Crown
721:
718:
691:eminent domain
678:
675:
635:Main article:
632:
629:
610:Transleithania
562:Franz Joseph I
519:personal union
497:
494:
425:
422:
390:
389:
387:
386:
379:
372:
364:
361:
360:
354:
353:
351:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
319:
316:
315:
309:
308:
306:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
258:Knight-service
255:
250:
245:
240:
234:
231:
230:
224:
223:
221:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
175:
173:Manorial court
170:
164:
161:
160:
154:
153:
151:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
108:Subinfeudation
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
83:Allodial title
80:
75:
70:
64:
61:
60:
44:
43:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3383:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:Categories:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:David Ricardo
3250:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3219:Elinor Ostrom
3217:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:Privatization
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2997:Legal plunder
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2949:
2948:Expropriation
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2683:
2682:(watercourse)
2681:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2625:primogeniture
2623:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2605:Legal plunder
2603:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2556:appropriation
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Excludability
2544:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2330:
2325:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:Lê Đình Chi.
2245:
2238:
2233:
2226:
2224:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2190:
2174:
2168:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2072:
2066:
2047:
2040:
2034:
2032:
2015:
2011:
2005:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1966:
1965:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1945:
1939:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1911:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1870:
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3032:bride buying
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2903:Disposession
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2721:
2717:Forest types
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2668:Applications
2598:rent-seeking
2583:Gift economy
2441:Intellectual
2369:
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343:Scot and lot
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3192:Das Kapital
3079:progressive
3069:inheritance
2992:Land reform
2766:real estate
2741:Land tenure
2729:Inheritance
2657:anticommons
2593:Law of rent
2573:Game theory
2503:Information
2483:Common land
2380:Cooperative
1895:Global News
1786:12 February
1589:16 February
1518:(in the UK)
1248:Niepołomice
1244:Wielkorządy
1209: [
1187:royal lands
1027:Ceded lands
919:Nova Scotia
913:Nova Scotia
834:public land
714:state lands
637:Czech lands
543:Statthalter
418:public land
238:Land tenure
218:Free tenant
178:Manor house
158:Manorialism
3346:Crown land
3340:Categories
3323:by country
3285:Adam Smith
3172:John Locke
2836:indigenous
2831:aboriginal
2751:alienation
2446:indigenous
2436:Intangible
2350:Collective
2259:Vietnamese
2237:Vietnamese
2179:5 December
2077:5 December
2055:5 December
2020:5 December
1971:8 December
1815:1 February
1757:18 October
1661:5 December
1565:References
1511:Air rights
1502:Law portal
1436:Vietnamese
1418:Civil list
1413:George III
1353:Great Sejm
1351:, and the
1343:After the
1145:royal land
1025:See also:
724:See also:
647:electorate
615:real union
591:(with the
583:After the
567:Landstände
515:Kronländer
428:See also:
395:Crown land
338:Feudal aid
78:Crown land
3186:Karl Marx
2987:Land Back
2938:Enclosure
2921:biopiracy
2859:Bergregal
2841:squatting
2615:Ownership
2529:Commodity
2508:Knowledge
2419:By nature
2375:Customary
2365:Community
2127:10 August
2071:"Forests"
1900:2 January
1717:2 October
1087:Hong Kong
798:alienated
710:president
687:The Crown
507:‹See Tfd›
449:The Crown
424:Australia
403:the Crown
358:Feudalism
288:Gavelkind
273:Serjeanty
98:Feoffment
3313:Property
3206:The Gift
3105:key work
3100:Scholars
3084:property
3041:spousal
3007:Poaching
2943:Eviction
2887:riparian
2848:Littoral
2756:easement
2734:executor
2705:literary
2630:usufruct
2578:Georgism
2458:Tangible
2453:Personal
2360:Communal
2343:By owner
2336:Property
1938:citation
1804:(2004).
1543:Land law
1527:Easement
1474:See also
1349:nobility
1338:nobility
1282:nobility
1278:peasants
1263:Šiauliai
1232:nobility
1221:ekonomie
1189:became "
1175:szlachta
1168:Starosta
1164:nobility
1141:regality
1011:appanage
995:Henry IV
925:Manitoba
905:and the
791:entailed
683:Barbados
677:Barbados
578:suffrage
573:Landtage
488:and the
482:Victoria
466:Tasmania
407:entailed
283:Freehold
278:Copyhold
263:Baronage
198:Overlord
128:Affinity
103:Seignory
88:Appanage
3121:The Law
3027:Slavery
2853:Mineral
2821:Hunting
2814:pannage
2809:Grazing
2794:Fishing
2680:Acequia
2647:Rivalry
2635:women's
2493:Digital
2475:Commons
2410:Unowned
2385:Private
1995:22 June
1875:20 July
1687:21 June
1468:Bảo Đại
1424:Vietnam
1286:serfdom
1271:Mohylew
1254:in the
1240:Malbork
1150:In the
1007:vassals
945:Ontario
929:By the
885:95% of
830:Alberta
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760:Nunavut
708:with a
649:of the
631:Bohemia
595:), the
547:Emperor
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496:Austria
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268:Peerage
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208:Peasant
188:Demesne
113:Feoffee
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2157:18 May
2102:8 June
1929:15 May
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