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Cutts–Madison House

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478: 262: 2116: 522: 498:, and a connecting door to the assembly hall on the south side of the building; a second story with meeting rooms for the Cosmos Club as well as other societies which might use the premises; and a third story with lodgings and a meeting room for the Cosmos Club's board of directors. The basement of the original building was renovated and upgraded to include a kitchen, a bathroom, and an underground passage to the new addition. The goal of building the addition was to permit visiting societies (such as members of the 29: 2127: 324: 646:, a friend of her husband who happened to be in town that weekend, to create a design that would incorporate the new buildings with the old. Warnecke conceived the basic design over that weekend, and worked closely with Mrs. Kennedy over the next few months to formalize the design proposal. The design was presented to the public and the 404:. But Montpelier's finances were in poor condition, and Dolley moved out of the Cutts–Madison House in 1839 to live once more at Montpelier and see if she could save the estate. She rented out the Cutts–Madison house, but was unable to stabilize Montpelier. She moved back to the Cutts–Madison House in 1843, and sold Montpelier in 1844. 303:. The front of the house faced Lafayette Square. The lot on which the house sat was a large one, with extensive space on all sides. Dirt roads bordered the house on the west and north sides, and a large garden with flowers and fruit trees occupied the east and south sides of the house. The garden extended south as far as the 662:
was to create tall, flat structures in red brick which would serve as relatively unobtrusive backgrounds to the lighter-colored residential homes like the Cutts–Madison House. The Cutts–Madison House, Cosmos Club building, and Benjamin Ogle Tayloe House were joined, and a courtyard built between them
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In 1903, the Cosmos Club purchased from Henry Reed Rathbone for $ 33,000 No. 25 Madison Place NW, the building immediately to the south of the Cutts–Madison House (against which its three-story assembly hall addition abutted). This property (and the one to the south of it) were razed in 1909, and a
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Wilkes mortgaged the house in 1855, and the mortgage passed through several hands over the next 15 years until George B. Warren secured it in 1870. Upon Warren's death in 1880, the mortgage was assigned to his daughter, Phebe Warren Tayloe. She died in 1882, and her niece Elizabeth H. Price came to
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purchased the house in 1851. Wilkes moved the entrance from Madison Place NW to H Street NW, and turned the porch on the west side of the house (facing Madison Place NW) into a window. The gable roof (which sloped east and west) was eliminated and a flat roof installed, an out-building added in the
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The Cosmos Club made further improvements in 1893. Electricity was installed, the heating system upgraded, and general refurbishing of commons areas completed. Two additional stories were built over the assembly hall: The second story consisting of one large room, and a third story consisting of
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of contextualism, where modern buildings are harmonized with the urban forms usual to a traditional city. Not only did Warnecke's design build the first modern buildings on Lafayette Square, but they were the first buildings in the city to utilize contextualism as a design philosophy. Warnecke's
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four meeting rooms. A bathroom was added to the third floor of the old building, above the existing second-floor bathroom. The eastern garden was removed, and a three-story addition built. The addition consisted of a ground floor with an entrance to the building on H Street NW, a
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put lit matches into the shutters in the rear of the house, and Dolley Madison had to be wakened and saved from death by a servant. The fire was quickly put out, and the damage to the building was not extensive (Mrs. Madison returned to her bedroom the same night).
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for $ 5,750. When James Madison died in 1836, Dolley Madison held the mortgage. Her husband's death had left Dolley Madison in a financially difficult position, so to reduce her expenses she took up residence in the house in November 1837. Presidents
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office building there. Several million dollars were spent in the late 1950s on designs to raze all the buildings on the east side of Lafayette Square and replace them with a white, modernist office building which would house judicial offices.
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On March 31, 1793, the U.S. Commissioners in charge of selling federally-owned lots in the District of Columbia agreed to sell square 221 to Samuel Davidson. Davidson died in 1810, and his son and two daughters inherited the property.
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The Cosmos Club immediately improved the height of the third floor by raising the roof, and added a large meeting hall by building a single-story 23'8" (7.21 metre) extension to the south side of the house (with
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Since the mid-19th century, witnesses have claimed to have seen the ghost of Dolley Madison rocking in a chair in the space where the porch on the west side of the house used to be, smiling at passersby.
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The house was constructed in 1818–1819 by Richard Cutts, who built the house for himself and his wife, Anna Payne Cutts (Dolley Payne Madison's sister). The house had two stories, a
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Opposition to the demolition of the Cutts–Madison House and other buildings on Lafayette Square began forming shortly after the plan to raze the structures was announced. Senators
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and 15th Street NW (where the Sofitel Lafayette Square Hotel now stands). After the Civil War, the Cutts–Madison House was briefly used by the French Claims Commission.
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The Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the Founding of the Cosmos Club of Washington, D.C.: With A Documentary History of the Club From Its Organization to November 16, 1903.
2176: 1959: 1909: 1889: 1864: 1854: 1839: 1829: 1814: 1794: 1769: 1759: 1749: 465:). Meanwhile, Charles Wilkes deeded the house over to his wife and three daughters in 1870. Wilkes died in 1877, and in 1886 the Wilkes family sold the house to the 2166: 1979: 1954: 1859: 1799: 1779: 1774: 1744: 1734: 683: 1914: 1869: 1809: 1784: 1739: 1632: 865: 634:(an influential group of city leaders) asked President Kennedy to save and restore all the remaining buildings on Lafayette Square. In February 1962, First Lady 85: 2046: 1944: 1824: 1789: 671: 415:
Dolley Madison lived in the house on Lafayette Square until her death on July 12, 1849. Her only surviving child, John Payne Todd (from her first marriage to
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During the 1850s and 1860s, the house had a number of notable occupants in addition to the Wilkeses. After being named Special Envoy to Central America, Sir
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buildings clad in white marble for use by executive branch agencies. For a time, it appeared that the Cutts–Madison House would not survive.
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rear, and a bay window added on the south side. Wilkes also cut all windows on the first floor down so that they now reached the floor.
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indicated on February 16, 1961, that it was anxious to retain the existing historic homes on Lafayette Square. In November, the
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At least one source incorrectly places the dislocation of the Cosmos Club from the Cutts–Madison House in 1939. See: Bednar,
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rented the house in 1858 on his way to the region and entertained lavishly while living at the Cutts–Madison House. General
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on the south end of the block. The home was considered one of the more "pretentious" domiciles in the city at the time.
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To Save the Union: Volunteers in the Civil War from Centerville, Hume and Granger Townships, Allegany County, New York.
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at 2121 Massachusetts Avenue NW, at which time the building was purchased by the U.S. government and used for offices.
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lawyer John Todd), inherited the property. On April 3, 1851, Todd sold the house and property to Charles Wilkes.
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Cutts secured a mortgage to build the house, and on August 22, 1828, the bank holding the mortgage sold it to ex-
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The Cutts–Madison House remains part of the courts complex, which houses various offices and chambers for the
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A History of the National Capital From Its Foundation Through the Period of the Adoption of the Organic Act.
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Plans for the renovations of the first floor of the Cutts–Madison House, made by the Cosmos Club in 1886.
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for the sum of $ 40,000 (which sum paid the outstanding mortgage held in trust for Edward Tayloe Perry).
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Memoirs and Letters of Dolly Madison: Wife of James Madison, President of the United States.
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purchased lots 12, 13, 14, and 15 of square 221 from the Davidson heirs on October 3, 1818.
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The Cosmos Club vacated the Cutts–Madison House in 1952 to move to new headquarters in the
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Dolly Madison House (1520 H Street), Washington, DC. U.S. General Services Administration.
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March 2, 1960; "Senator Morse Joins Battle to Save Historic Sites on Lafayette Square."
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As We Remember Her: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis in the Words of Her Family and Friends.
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hold the mortgage. Price sold the mortgage in December 1884 to Edward Tayloe Perry (a
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Designing for Diversity: Gender, Race, and Ethnicity in the Architectural Profession.
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passed a resolution establishing the U.S. Senate Park Commission (also known as the "
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White, Jean. "Garden Atmosphere of Lafayette Sq. Can Be Preserved, Says Architect."
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and adjacent areas. The Park Commission's proposals, which came to be known as the "
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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2d ed. Lucia Beverly Cutts, ed. New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1887.
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at 1615 H Street NW was torn down in 1922 and replaced with the Neoclassical
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Dorothy Payne, Quakeress: A Side-Light Upon the Career of "Dolley" Madison.
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at the north and south ends of the house. The exterior was originally grey
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February 25, 1960; "2 Federal Courts To Be Housed on Lafayette Square."
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A Perfect Union: Dolley Madison and the Creation of the American Nation.
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Capital Losses: A Cultural History of Washington's Destroyed Buildings.
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Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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Hidden Power: Presidential Marriages That Shaped Our Recent History,
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Hidden Power: Presidential Marriages That Shaped Our Recent History.
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Distinguished Residents of Washington, D. C.: Science-Art-Industry.
401: 242:, who lived there from November 1837 until her death in July 1849. 1554: 1544:"With Election Looming, Washington Is A Ghost Town -- Literally." 1208:
Perley's Reminiscences of Sixty Years in the National Metropolis.
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April 12, 1960; "Group Formed to Save Lafayette Sq. Buildings."
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The Cosmos Club of Washington: A Centennial History, 1878-1978.
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White, Jean. "Administration Anxious To Save Lafayette Park."
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used the house as his Washington-based headquarters after the
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In 1844 or 1845, after her return to the Cutts–Madison House,
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Historic district contributing properties in Washington, D.C.
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The city gravelled the street in front of the house in 1823.
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National Historic Landmark District contributing properties
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Jackson, Luther P. "Old Lafayette Sq. Restoration Sought."
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The Birth of City Planning in the United States, 1840-1917.
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Oval Office Occult: True Stories of White House Weirdness.
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March 24, 1960; "Lafayette Sq. Razing Plan Termed Folly."
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The house is best known for being the residence of former
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purchased the rear garden from the private owners of the
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Reportedly haunted locations in the District of Columbia
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7th ed. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2002.
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Designing Camelot: The Kennedy White House Restoration.
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Durham, N.H.: University of New Hampshire Press, 2006.
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Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington.
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Lindsay, John J. "Court Gets New Home All to Itself."
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Capital Speculations: Writing and Building Washington.
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Washington by Night: Vintage Photographs From the 30s.
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On This Spot: Pinpointing the Past in Washington, D.C.
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Evelyn, Douglas E.; Dickson, Paul; and Ackerman, S.J.
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Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.
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United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
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Washington's Haunted Past: Capital Ghosts of America.
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Reprint ed. Golden, Colo.: Fulcrum Publishing, 1998.
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Lafayette Square Historic District (Washington, D.C.)
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L'Enfant's Legacy: Public Open Spaces in Washington,
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L'Enfant's Legacy: Public Open Spaces in Washington.
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
591:built on the site. At nearby 1616 H Street NW, the 1309:Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 2001. 1285:2d ed. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books, 2003. 1729:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state 1239:Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003. 1114:Famous American Belles of the Nineteenth Century. 2177:Reportedly haunted locations in Washington, D.C. 2143: 996:Mount Pleasant, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, 1999. 2167:National Park Service areas in Washington, D.C. 2121:National Register of Historic Places portal 1029:Strength and Honor: The Life of Dolley Madison, 969:3rd rev. ed. Dulles, Va.: Capital Books, 2008. 734:Washington, D.C.: National Capital Press, 1916. 396:, her husband's country estate and farm in the 214:originally 3,900 (approximately); 13,319 (2009) 1592:Kansas City: Andrews McMeel Publishing, 2008. 1367:"AIA Journal Laments Lafayette Square's End." 1653: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1190:New York: Oxford University Press US, 2008. 1031:Mt. Pleasant, S.C.: Corinthian Books, 2005. 506:five-story Cosmos Club lodging house built. 1572:Charleston, S.C.: The History Press, 2006. 1453:Reprint ed. New York: HarperCollins, 2003. 1231: 1229: 1169: 1167: 1116:New York: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1901. 994:Washington D.C.: A Historical Walking Tour. 760:Smith, Hal H. "Historic Washington Homes." 1660: 1646: 1507:Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley and Sons, 1997. 1497: 1301: 1299: 1210:Philadelphia, Pa.: Hubbard Brothers, 1886. 1130: 1128: 1126: 1124: 1122: 1108: 1106: 1104: 1102: 1100: 988: 986: 984: 982: 1669:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 1537: 1436: 1418: 1416: 848: 846: 844: 842: 840: 838: 836: 834: 832: 830: 828: 826: 824: 822: 820: 818: 816: 814: 529:), with the former Cosmos Club building ( 2172:Federal architecture in Washington, D.C. 1612:Westminster, Md.: Heritage Books, 2007. 1562: 1277: 1275: 1254: 1252: 1226: 1164: 1153: 1151: 1086: 1084: 922: 920: 918: 916: 914: 912: 910: 908: 906: 882: 880: 878: 876: 874: 812: 810: 808: 806: 804: 802: 800: 798: 796: 794: 726: 724: 722: 720: 718: 716: 714: 520: 476: 322: 260: 164:U.S. National Historic Landmark District 33:The west side of the Cutts–Madison House 2182:Homes of United States Founding Fathers 1582: 1481: 1479: 1296: 1119: 1097: 1078:Philadelphia: Ferris & Leach, 1909. 1050: 1048: 1046: 1044: 1023: 1021: 1019: 1017: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1009: 979: 893:Reprint ed. New York: Macmillan, 2007. 756: 754: 752: 750: 748: 746: 744: 742: 740: 245:The Cutts–Madison House is part of the 2144: 1413: 1094:New York: The Macmillan Company, 1916. 775:"National Register Information System" 1641: 1503:Abbott, James A. and Rice, Elaine M. 1272: 1249: 1148: 1081: 959: 903: 871: 791: 711: 668:United States Court of Federal Claims 16:Historic building in Washington, D.C. 2157:Office buildings in Washington, D.C. 1476: 1041: 1006: 856:Washington, D.C.: Cosmos Club, 1904. 780:National Register of Historic Places 737: 677: 632:Committee of 100 on the Federal City 516: 380:all visited her in the home, as did 1342:"3 Historic Buildings Befriended." 767: 653:Warnecke's design was based on the 251:National Historic Landmark District 13: 2084:National Historic Preservation Act 663:and the National Courts building. 247:Lafayette Square Historic District 14: 2203: 1626: 1177:Washington, D.C.: The Club, 1978. 1058:New York: Nova Publishers, 2001. 574:United States Chamber of Commerce 422: 318: 2126: 2125: 2114: 699:Architecture of Washington, D.C. 621:American Institute of Architects 27: 1602: 1517: 1463: 1400: 1387: 1374: 1361: 1336: 1319: 1213: 1200: 1180: 1068: 640:General Services Administration 256: 136:approximately $ 5,750 (in 1828) 2037:Federated States of Micronesia 1683:Architectural style categories 1426:New York: Random House, 2001. 940: 859: 472: 1: 1525:New Paradigm In Architecture. 704: 545:" because it was chaired by 313: 7: 1112:Peacock, Virginia Tatnall. 692: 500:National Geographic Society 10: 2208: 2089:Historic Preservation Fund 2068:American Legation, Morocco 1568:Apkarian-Russell, Pamela. 952:February 20, 2013, at the 681: 2109: 2076: 2055: 2030:Lists by associated state 2029: 1988: 1721: 1675: 1449:Anthony, Carl Sferrazza. 1188:Lincoln and His Admirals. 1090:Bryan, Wilhelmus Bogart. 615:, several members of the 599:and built an eight-story 525:The Cutts–Madison House ( 210: 205: 201: 193: 178: 174: 161: 154: 150: 140: 132: 124: 116: 77: 67: 57: 47: 42: 38: 26: 21: 2162:Houses completed in 1819 2011:Northern Mariana Islands 1486:"Lafayette, He Is Here." 1206:Poore, Benjamin Perley. 660:National Courts Building 617:House of Representatives 447:First Battle of Bull Run 1134:Wentzel, Volkmar Kurt. 648:Commission of Fine Arts 566:William Wilson Corcoran 221:The Cutts–Madison House 101:38.900028°N 77.034833°W 2006:Minor Outlying Islands 1989:Lists by insular areas 1703:Keeper of the Register 628:Kennedy administration 580:were razed in 1927 by 539:United States Congress 534: 482: 366:William Henry Harrison 337: 276: 272:, 1804. Collection of 194:Designated NHLDCP 1708:National Park Service 1688:Contributing property 1173:Washburn, Wilcomb E. 785:National Park Service 593:Brookings Institution 582:real estate developer 524: 480: 326: 264: 168:Contributing Property 106:38.900028; -77.034833 2063:District of Columbia 1305:Anthony, Kathryn H. 1074:Barnard, Ella Kent. 956:Accessed 2009-12-01. 868:Accessed 2009-12-01. 655:architectural theory 439:William Gore Ouseley 225:Dolley Madison House 117:Construction started 1608:Colombo, Robert N. 1333:September 17, 1960. 992:Carrier, Thomas J. 926:Bednar, Michael J. 787:. January 23, 2007. 543:McMillan Commission 443:George B. McClellan 223:(also known as the 156:Cutts–Madison House 97: /  48:Architectural style 43:General information 22:Cutts–Madison House 1588:Thomsen, Brian M. 1549:2011-06-04 at the 1494:December 13, 1963. 1410:November 30, 1961. 1397:February 17, 1961. 1186:Symonds, Craig L. 730:Miller, Albert D. 644:John Carl Warnecke 636:Jacqueline Kennedy 626:The newly elected 576:headquarters. The 535: 483: 338: 277: 2139: 2138: 1693:Historic district 1559:October 24, 2000. 1523:Jencks, Charles. 1371:January 29, 1961. 1235:Peterson, Jon A. 1157:Madison, Dolley. 1027:Côté, Richard N. 887:Allgor, Catherine 678:Reported haunting 517:Federal ownership 354:John Quincy Adams 229:American colonial 218: 217: 206:Technical details 52:American colonial 2199: 2129: 2128: 2119: 2118: 2117: 2042:Marshall Islands 1662: 1655: 1648: 1639: 1638: 1620: 1606: 1600: 1586: 1580: 1566: 1560: 1541: 1535: 1521: 1515: 1501: 1495: 1483: 1474: 1467: 1461: 1447: 1434: 1420: 1411: 1408:Washington Post. 1404: 1398: 1395:Washington Post. 1391: 1385: 1382:Washington Post. 1378: 1372: 1369:Washington Post. 1365: 1359: 1356:Washington Post. 1352:Washington Post. 1348:Washington Post. 1344:Washington Post. 1340: 1334: 1331:Washington Post. 1327:Washington Post. 1323: 1317: 1303: 1294: 1281:Goode, James W. 1279: 1270: 1256: 1247: 1233: 1224: 1217: 1211: 1204: 1198: 1184: 1178: 1171: 1162: 1155: 1146: 1132: 1117: 1110: 1095: 1088: 1079: 1072: 1066: 1052: 1039: 1025: 1004: 990: 977: 963: 957: 944: 938: 924: 901: 884: 869: 863: 857: 850: 789: 788: 771: 765: 758: 735: 728: 578:Hay-Adams Houses 511:Townsend Mansion 362:Martin Van Buren 266:Anna Payne Cutts 233:Washington, D.C. 112: 111: 109: 108: 107: 102: 98: 95: 94: 93: 90: 62:Washington, D.C. 31: 19: 18: 2207: 2206: 2202: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2197: 2196: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2135: 2115: 2113: 2105: 2072: 2051: 2025: 1984: 1717: 1671: 1666: 1629: 1624: 1623: 1607: 1603: 1587: 1583: 1567: 1563: 1551:Wayback Machine 1542: 1538: 1522: 1518: 1502: 1498: 1484: 1477: 1468: 1464: 1448: 1437: 1421: 1414: 1405: 1401: 1392: 1388: 1379: 1375: 1366: 1362: 1341: 1337: 1324: 1320: 1304: 1297: 1280: 1273: 1257: 1250: 1234: 1227: 1218: 1214: 1205: 1201: 1185: 1181: 1172: 1165: 1156: 1149: 1133: 1120: 1111: 1098: 1089: 1082: 1073: 1069: 1056:Dolley Madison. 1053: 1042: 1026: 1007: 991: 980: 964: 960: 954:Wayback Machine 945: 941: 925: 904: 885: 872: 864: 860: 851: 792: 773: 772: 768: 759: 738: 729: 712: 707: 695: 686: 680: 658:design for the 609:James E. Murray 589:Hay–Adams Hotel 519: 475: 425: 382:John C. Calhoun 321: 316: 274:The White House 259: 197:August 29, 1970 170: 166: 157: 105: 103: 99: 96: 91: 88: 86: 84: 83: 34: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2205: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2137: 2136: 2134: 2133: 2123: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2093: 2092: 2091: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2073: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2052: 2050: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2026: 2024: 2023: 2021:Virgin Islands 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1996:American Samoa 1992: 1990: 1986: 1985: 1983: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1930:South Carolina 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1895:North Carolina 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1732: 1725: 1723: 1722:Lists by state 1719: 1718: 1716: 1715: 1713:Property types 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1679: 1677: 1673: 1672: 1665: 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Index


American colonial
Washington, D.C.
United States
Coordinates
38°54′0.1″N 77°02′05.4″W / 38.900028°N 77.034833°W / 38.900028; -77.034833
Richard Cutts
U.S. National Historic Landmark District
Contributing Property
Lafayette Square Historic District (Washington, D.C.)
ID70000833
American colonial
Washington, D.C.
First Lady
Dolley Madison
Lafayette Square Historic District
National Historic Landmark District

Gilbert Stuart
The White House
Richard Cutts
gabled
dormer
chimneys
stucco
Tayloe House

Dolley Madison
Gilbert Stuart
President

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